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Bohrer C, Varon E, Peretz E, Reinitz G, Kinor N, Halle D, Nissan A, Shav-Tal Y. CCAT1 lncRNA is chromatin-retained and post-transcriptionally spliced. Histochem Cell Biol 2024:10.1007/s00418-024-02294-w. [PMID: 38763947 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-024-02294-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Super-enhancers are unique gene expression regulators widely involved in cancer development. Spread over large DNA segments, they tend to be found next to oncogenes. The super-enhancer c-MYC locus forms long-range chromatin looping with nearby genes, which brings the enhancer and the genes into proximity, to promote gene activation. The colon cancer-associated transcript 1 (CCAT1) gene, which is part of the MYC locus, transcribes a lncRNA that is overexpressed in colon cancer cells through activation by MYC. Comparing different types of cancer cell lines using RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (RNA FISH), we detected very prominent CCAT1 expression in HeLa cells, observed as several large CCAT1 nuclear foci. We found that dozens of CCAT1 transcripts accumulate on the gene locus, in addition to active transcription occurring from the gene. The accumulating transcripts are released from the chromatin during cell division. Examination of CCAT1 lncRNA expression patterns on the single-RNA level showed that unspliced CCAT1 transcripts are released from the gene into the nucleoplasm. Most of these unspliced transcripts were observed in proximity to the active gene but were not associated with nuclear speckles in which unspliced RNAs usually accumulate. At larger distances from the gene, the CCAT1 transcripts appeared spliced, implying that most CCAT1 transcripts undergo post-transcriptional splicing in the zone of the active gene. Finally, we show that unspliced CCAT1 transcripts can be detected in the cytoplasm during splicing inhibition, which suggests that there are several CCAT1 variants, spliced and unspliced, that the cell can recognize as suitable for export.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaya Bohrer
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Eli Varon
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Eldar Peretz
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Gita Reinitz
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Noa Kinor
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - David Halle
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Samson Assuta Ashdod University Hospital, Ashdod, Israel
| | - Aviram Nissan
- Ziv Medical Center, Safed, Israel
- Surgical Innovation Laboratory, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Yaron Shav-Tal
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
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Shobeiri P, Arabzadeh Bahri R, Khadembashiri MM, Khadembashiri MA, Maleki S, Eslami M, Khalili Dehkordi M, Behnoush AH, Rezaei N. Role of long non-coding RNAs in cholangiocarcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e2029. [PMID: 38517409 PMCID: PMC10959185 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.2029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), as a rare malignancy of the biliary tree, has a poor prognosis most of the time. CCA is highly epigenetically regulated and several long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) have been investigated to have a diagnostic and prognostic role in CCA. The current study aimed to assess the studies finding relevant lncRNAs in CCA systematically. METHODS International databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase, were comprehensively searched in order to identify studies investigating any lncRNA in CCA. After screening by title/abstract and full-text, necessary data were extracted. Random-effect meta-analysis was performed for pooling the areas under the curve (AUCs), specificity, and sensitivity of lncRNAs for the diagnosis of CCA. RESULTS A total of 33 studies were chosen to be included in the final analysis, comprised of 2677 patients. Meta-analysis of AUCs for evaluation of CCA resulted in pooled AUC of 0.79 (95% CI: 0.75-0.82; I2 = 69.11, p < .01). Additionally, overall sensitivity of 0.80 (95% CI 0.75-0.84) and specificity of 0.77 (95% CI: 0.68-0.84) were observed. Measurement of lncRANs in the assessment of CCA also improved overall survival significantly (effect size 1.61, 95% CI: 1.39-1.82). A similar result was found for progression-free survival (effect size 1.57, 95% CI: 1.20-1.93). CONCLUSION Based on our findings, lncRNAs showed promising results as biomarkers in the diagnosis of CCA since they had acceptable sensitivity and specificity, in addition to the fact that improved survival in this poor prognosis cancer. Further studies might be needed to address this issue and find the best clinically useful lncRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parnian Shobeiri
- School of medicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), TehranIran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Razman Arabzadeh Bahri
- School of medicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Urology Research CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mohamad Mehdi Khadembashiri
- Neuromusculoskeletal Research CenterIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Student Scientific Research Center (SSRC)Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mohamad Amin Khadembashiri
- Neuromusculoskeletal Research CenterIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Student Scientific Research Center (SSRC)Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Saba Maleki
- School of MedicineGuilan University of Medical SciencesRashtIran
| | - Mohammad Eslami
- Student Scientific Research Center (SSRC)Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Amir Hossein Behnoush
- School of medicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), TehranIran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), TehranIran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Department of Immunology, School of MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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Andrabi MQ, Kesavan Y, Ramalingam S. Non-coding RNAs as Biomarkers for Survival in Colorectal Cancer Patients. Curr Aging Sci 2024; 17:5-15. [PMID: 36733201 DOI: 10.2174/1874609816666230202101054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has a high incidence and fatality rate worldwide. It ranks second concerning death worldwide. Cancer patients are diagnosed with the disease at a later stage due to the absence of early diagnostic methods, which leads to increased death. With the help of recent advancements in the fields of diagnosis and therapy, the development of novel methods using new targets could be helpful for the long-term survival of CRC patients when CRC is detected early. However, the prognosis for the advanced stage of CRC is abysmal. New biomarkers are emerging as promising alternatives since they can be utilized for early detection of CRC, are simple to use, and non-invasive. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been seen to have an aberrant expression in the development of many malignancies, including CRC. In the past two decades, much research has been done on non-coding RNAs, which may be valuable as biomarkers and targets for antitumor therapy. Non-coding RNAs can be employed in detecting and treating CRC. Non-coding RNAs play an essential role in regulating gene expression. This article reviews ncRNAs and their expression levels in CRC patients that could be used as potential biomarkers. Various ncRNAs have been associated with CRC, such as microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs, etc. The expression of these non-coding RNAs may provide insights into the stages of cancer and the prognosis of cancer patients and therefore proper precautionary measures can be taken to decrease cancer-related deaths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Qasim Andrabi
- Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bio-Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Yasodha Kesavan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio-Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Satish Ramalingam
- Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bio-Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
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Zhang C, Wang H, Liu Q, Dai S, Tian G, Wei X, Li X, Zhao L, Shan B. LncRNA CCAT1 facilitates the progression of gastric cancer via PTBP1-mediated glycolysis enhancement. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:246. [PMID: 37740243 PMCID: PMC10517515 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02827-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors of the digestive system. As a hallmark of cancer, energy-related metabolic reprogramming is manipulated by multiple factors, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Notably, lncRNA CCAT1 has been identified as a crucial regulator in tumor progression. Nevertheless, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of CCAT1 in metabolic reprogramming of GC remain unclear. METHODS Gain- and loss-of-function experiments were performed to evaluate the roles of CCAT1 in tumorigenesis and glycolysis of GC. Bioinformatics analyses and mechanistic experiments, such as mass spectrometry (MS), RNA-pulldown, and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), were employed to reveal the potential interacting protein of CCAT1 and elucidate the regulatory mechanism of CCAT1 in GC glycolysis. Moreover, the nude mice xenograft assay was used to evaluate the effect of CCAT1 on GC cells in vivo. RESULTS In this study, we identified that CCAT1 expression was significantly elevated in the tissues and plasma exosomes of GC patients, as well as GC cell lines. Functional experiments showed that the knockdown of CCAT1 resulted in a substantial decrease in the proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cells both in vitro and in vivo through decreasing the expression of glycolytic enzymes and glycolytic rate. Conversely, overexpression of CCAT1 exhibited contrasting effects. Mechanistically, CCAT1 interacted with PTBP1 and effectively maintained its stability by inhibiting the ubiquitin-mediated degradation process. As a critical splicing factor, PTBP1 facilitated the transition from PKM1 to PKM2, thereby augmenting the glycolytic activity of GC cells and ultimately fostering the progression of GC. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that CCAT1 plays a significant role in promoting the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells through the PTBP1/PKM2/glycolysis pathway, thus suggesting CCAT1's potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Zhang
- Research Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Gene Diagnosis, Prevention and Therapy; Clinical Oncology Research Center, Shijiazhuang, 050001, Hebei, China
| | - Huixia Wang
- Research Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Gene Diagnosis, Prevention and Therapy; Clinical Oncology Research Center, Shijiazhuang, 050001, Hebei, China
| | - Qingwei Liu
- Third Department of Surgery, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Suli Dai
- Research Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Gene Diagnosis, Prevention and Therapy; Clinical Oncology Research Center, Shijiazhuang, 050001, Hebei, China
| | - Guo Tian
- Medical Records Department, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Xintong Wei
- Research Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Gene Diagnosis, Prevention and Therapy; Clinical Oncology Research Center, Shijiazhuang, 050001, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoya Li
- Research Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Gene Diagnosis, Prevention and Therapy; Clinical Oncology Research Center, Shijiazhuang, 050001, Hebei, China
| | - Lianmei Zhao
- Research Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China.
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Gene Diagnosis, Prevention and Therapy; Clinical Oncology Research Center, Shijiazhuang, 050001, Hebei, China.
| | - Baoen Shan
- Research Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China.
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Gene Diagnosis, Prevention and Therapy; Clinical Oncology Research Center, Shijiazhuang, 050001, Hebei, China.
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Tang H, Liu S, Yan X, Jin Y, He X, Huang H, Liu L, Hu W, Wu A. Inhibition of LNC EBLN3P Enhances Radiation-Induced Mitochondrial Damage in Lung Cancer Cells by Targeting the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 Axis. Biology (Basel) 2023; 12:1208. [PMID: 37759607 PMCID: PMC10525126 DOI: 10.3390/biology12091208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in both women and men, claiming millions of lives worldwide. Radiotherapy is an effective modality for treating early-stage lung cancer; however, it cannot completely eradicate certain tumor cells due to their radioresistance. Radioresistance is commonly observed in conventionally fractionated radiotherapy, which can lead to treatment failure, metastasis, cancer recurrence, and poor prognosis for cancer patients. Identifying the underlying molecular mechanisms of radioresistance in lung cancer can promote the development of effective radiosensitizers, thereby improving patients' life expectancy and curability. In this study, we identified LNC EBLN3P as a regulator of lung cancer cell proliferation and radiosensitivity. The repression of LNC EBLN3P could increase ROS production and mitochondrial injury in NSCLC cells. In addition, knocking down LNC EBLN3P increased the binding of Nrf2 to Keap1, resulting in enhanced Nrf2 degradation, decreased translocation of Nrf2 to the nucleus, reduced expression of antioxidant protein HO-1, weakened cellular antioxidant capacity, and increased radiosensitivity of NSCLC cells. These findings suggest that targeting LNC EBLN3P could be a promising strategy for developing novel radiosensitizers in the context of conventional radiotherapy for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shanghai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiangyu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yusheng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiangyang He
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wentao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Anqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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Hussain MS, Afzal O, Gupta G, Altamimi ASA, Almalki WH, Alzarea SI, Kazmi I, Fuloria NK, Sekar M, Meenakshi DU, Thangavelu L, Sharma A. Long non-coding RNAs in lung cancer: Unraveling the molecular modulators of MAPK signaling. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 249:154738. [PMID: 37595448 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) continues to pose a significant global medical burden, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of its molecular foundations to establish effective treatment strategies. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling system has been scientifically associated with LC growth; however, the intricate regulatory mechanisms governing this system remain unknown. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as crucial regulators of diverse cellular activities, including cancer growth. LncRNAs have been implicated in LC, which can function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, and their dysregulation has been linked to cancer cell death, metastasis, spread, and proliferation. Due to their involvement in critical pathophysiological processes, lncRNAs are gaining attention as potential candidates for anti-cancer treatments. This article aims to elucidate the regulatory role of lncRNAs in MAPK signaling in LC. We provide a comprehensive review of the key components of the MAPK pathway and their relevance in LC, focusing on aberrant signaling processes associated with disease progression. By examining recent research and experimental findings, this article examines the molecular mechanisms through which lncRNAs influence MAPK signaling in lung cancer, ultimately contributing to tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sadique Hussain
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jagatpura, 302017 Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Obaid Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jagatpura, Jaipur, India; Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India; School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | | | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mahendran Sekar
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Center for Global Health Research , Saveetha Medical College , Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India
| | - Ajay Sharma
- Delhi Pharmaceutical Science and Research University, Pushp Vihar Sector-3, MB Road, New Delhi 110017, India.
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Wu Y, Xu X. Long non-coding RNA signature in colorectal cancer: research progression and clinical application. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:28. [PMID: 36797749 PMCID: PMC9936661 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02867-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the top-ranked human malignancies. The development and progression of colorectal cancer are associated with aberrant expression of multiple coding and non-coding genes. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have an important role in regulating gene stability as well as gene expression. Numerous current studies have shown that lncRNAs are promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets for colorectal cancer. In this review, we have searched the available literature to list lncRNAs involved in the pathogenesis and regulation of colorectal cancer. We focus on the role of lncRNAs in cancer promotion or suppression, their value in tumor diagnosis, and their role in treatment response and prognosis prediction. In addition, we will discuss the signaling pathways that these lncRNAs are mainly associated with in colorectal cancer. We also summarize the role of lncRNAs in colorectal precancerous lesions and colorectal cancer consensus molecular subgroups. We hope this review article will bring you the latest research progress and outlook on lncRNAs in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudi Wu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223GI Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China ,grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangshang Xu
- GI Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
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Zhu SF, Yuan W, Du YL, Wang BL. Research progress of lncRNA and miRNA in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2023; 22:45-53. [PMID: 35934611 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2022.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI) is a common complication of liver surgeries, such as hepatectomy and liver transplantation. In recent years, several non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as factors involved in the pathological progression of HIRI. In this review, we summarized the latest research on lncRNAs, miRNAs and the lncRNA-miRNA regulatory networks in HIRI. DATA SOURCES The PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched for articles published up to December 2021 using the following keywords: "hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury", "lncRNA", "long non-coding RNA", "miRNA" and "microRNA". The bibliography of the selected articles was manually screened to identify additional studies. RESULTS The mechanism of HIRI is complex, and involves multiple lncRNAs and miRNAs. The roles of lncRNAs such as AK139328, CCAT1, MALAT1, TUG1 and NEAT1 have been established in HIRI. In addition, numerous miRNAs are associated with apoptosis, autophagy, oxidative stress and cellular inflammation that accompany HIRI pathogenesis. Based on the literature, we conclude that four lncRNA-miRNA regulatory networks mediate the pathological progression of HIRI. Furthermore, the expression levels of some lncRNAs and miRNAs undergo significant changes during the progression of HIRI, and thus are potential prognostic markers and therapeutic targets. CONCLUSIONS Complex lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks regulate HIRI progression through mutual activation and antagonism. It is necessary to screen for more HIRI-associated lncRNAs and miRNAs in order to identify novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Fei Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510220, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510220, China
| | - Yong-Liang Du
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510220, China
| | - Bai-Lin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510220, China.
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Roohinejad Z, Bahramian S, Shamsabadi FT, Sahebi R, Amini A, Sabour D, Shafiee M. Upregulation of the c-MYC oncogene and adjacent long noncoding RNAs PVT1 and CCAT1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:34. [PMID: 36624401 PMCID: PMC9830801 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10464-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND All cell types express long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which have the potential to play a role in carcinogenesis by altering the levels of their expression. Squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus (ESCC) is a deadly disease with a poor prognosis and a high frequency of lymphatic metastases. Understanding the functional role and signaling pathways of two neighboring lncRNAs, CCAT1 and PVT1, in this oncogene's pathogenesis may help us determine ESCC. Furthermore, it is still unclear whether these lncRNAs are linked to the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with ESCC. METHODS For this study, we used biopsy from the Imam Khomeini Cancer Institute's tumor bank in Tehran, Iran to obtain 40 ESCC tumor samples and their normal margin counterparts. The expression levels of the CCAT1, PVT1, and c-MYC genes were assessed using quantitative Real-Time RT-PCR. Additionally, demographic data and clinical-pathologic characteristics, such as tumor grade, tumor stage, lymph node, and metastasis, were taken into consideration. Graphpad prism version 8 was used for bioinformatics analyses. RESULTS Comparing ESCC tissues to non-tumor tissues, we found significant upregulation of PVT1, CCAT1, and c-MYC. Patients with ESCC who had increased PVT1 expression also had higher rates of advanced stage and lymph node metastasis, whereas increased CCAT1 expression was only linked to advanced stage and wasn't associated with lymph node metastasis. In predicting ESCC, CCAT1 (p < 0.05) was found to be an important factor. Overall survival was reduced by c-MYC and PVT1 overexpression (p < 0.001), according to Kaplan-Meier analysis. PVT1, CCAT1, and c-MYC were found to interact with 23 miRNAs with high and medium score classes, as shown in a bioinformatics study. We summarized the experimentally proven interactions between c-MYC, PVT1, and CCAT1 and other miRNAs, lncRNAs, and proteins. CONCLUSION This is the first report that CCAT1, PVT1 and c-MYC have been found to be up-regulated simultaneously in ESCC. It is possible that these genes may be involved in ESCC as a result of these findings. Therefore, as consequence, more research is needed to determine whether or not these lncRNAs play an oncogenic role in ESCC development and progression, as well as the regulatory mechanisms that control them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Roohinejad
- Genetic Department, University of Medical Sciences, Ganjafrooz Street, Babol, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Shabbou Bahramian
- grid.411747.00000 0004 0418 0096Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Tash Shamsabadi
- grid.411747.00000 0004 0418 0096Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Reza Sahebi
- grid.411583.a0000 0001 2198 6209Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Amini
- grid.411747.00000 0004 0418 0096Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Davood Sabour
- Genetic Department, University of Medical Sciences, Ganjafrooz Street, Babol, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shafiee
- grid.411747.00000 0004 0418 0096Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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Yu Y, Xu Z, Ni H, Jin M, Dai C. Clinicopathological and prognostic value of long non-coding RNA CCAT1 expression in patients with digestive system cancer. Oncol Lett 2023; 25:73. [PMID: 36688111 PMCID: PMC9843303 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer associated transcript-1 (CCAT1) is known to play an important role in numerous types of human cancer, including bladder, prostate and ovarian cancer. However, a consistent perspective has not been established in digestive system cancer (DSC). To explore the prognostic value of CCAT1 in patients with DSC, a meta-analysis was performed. A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biological Medical Literature database, Cochrane Library and WanFang database was applied to select eligible articles. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the effects of CCAT1 on pathological or clinical features. A total of 1,719 patients from 12 eligible articles were enrolled in the meta-analysis. The results revealed that elevated CCAT1 expression was significantly related to larger tumor size (OR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.31-2.48), poorer differentiation (OR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.31-0.64), earlier lymph node metastasis (OR, 3.14; 95% CI, 2.34-4.22) and advanced TNM stage (OR, 3.08; 95% CI, 2.07-4.59). In addition, high CCAT1 expression predicted a poorer outcome for overall survival rate (HR, 2.37; 95% CI, 2.11-2.67) and recurrence-free survival rate (HR, 2.16, 95% CI, 1.31-3.57). High expression levels of CCAT1 were therefore related to unfavorable clinical outcomes of patients with DSC. These results demonstrated that CCAT1 could serve as a prognostic predictor in human DSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Zhihua Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Hao Ni
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Mengxian Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, Suzhou Xiangcheng People's Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215131, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Mengxian Jin, Department of Endocrinology, Suzhou Xiangcheng People's Hospital, 1060 Huayuan Road, Xiangcheng, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215131, P.R. China, E-mail:
| | - Chen Dai
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China,Dr Chen Dai, Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, 59 Liu Ting Street, Haishu, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China, E-mail:
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11
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Liau XL, Salvamani S, Gunasekaran B, Chellappan DK, Rhodes A, Ulaganathan V, Tiong YL. CCAT 1- A Pivotal Oncogenic Long Non-Coding RNA in Colorectal Cancer. Br J Biomed Sci 2023; 80:11103. [PMID: 37025163 PMCID: PMC10070472 DOI: 10.3389/bjbs.2023.11103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is ranked as the third most common cancer and second deadliest cancer in both men and women in the world. Currently, the cure rate and 5-year survival rate of CRC patients remain relatively low. Therefore, discovering a novel molecular biomarker that can be used to improve CRC screening, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment would be beneficial. Long non-coding RNA colon cancer-associated transcript 1 (CCAT 1) has been found overexpressed in CRC and is associated with CRC tumorigenesis and treatment outcome. CCAT 1 has a high degree of specificity and sensitivity, it is readily detected in CRC tissues and is significantly overexpressed in both premalignant and malignant CRC tissues. Besides, CCAT 1 is associated with clinical manifestation and advanced features of CRC, such as lymph node metastasis, high tumor node metastasis stage, differentiation, invasion, and distant metastasis. In addition, they can upregulate oncogenic c-MYC and negatively modulate microRNAs via different mechanisms of action. Furthermore, dysregulated CCAT 1 also enhances the chemoresistance in CRC cells while downregulation of them reverses the malignant phenotypes of cancer cells. In brief, CCAT 1 serves as a potential screening, diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in CRC, it also serves as a potential therapeutic marker to treat CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiew Leng Liau
- Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shamala Salvamani
- Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Shamala Salvamani, ; Baskaran Gunasekaran,
| | - Baskaran Gunasekaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Shamala Salvamani, ; Baskaran Gunasekaran,
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anthony Rhodes
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Vaidehi Ulaganathan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yee Lian Tiong
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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12
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Jafari-Raddani F, Davoodi-Moghaddam Z, Yousefi AM, Ghaffari SH, Bashash D. An overview of long noncoding RNAs: Biology, functions, therapeutics, analysis methods, and bioinformatics tools. Cell Biochem Funct 2022; 40:800-825. [PMID: 36111699 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a diverse class of RNAs whose functions are widespread in all branches of life and have been the focus of attention in the last decade. While a huge number of lncRNAs have been identified, there is still much work to be done and plenty to be learned. In the current review, we begin with the biogenesis and function of lncRNAs as they are involved in the different cellular processes from regulating the architecture of chromosomes to controlling translation and post-translation modifications. Questions on how overexpression, mutations, or deficiency of lncRNAs can affect the cellular status and result in the pathogenesis of various human diseases are responded to. Besides, we allocate an overview of several studies, concerning the application of lncRNAs either as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers or novel therapeutics. We also introduce the currently available techniques to explore details of lncRNAs such as their function, cellular localization, and structure. In the last section, as exponentially growing data in this area need to be gathered and organized in comprehensive databases, we have a particular focus on presenting general and specialized databases. Taken together, with this review, we aim to provide the latest information on different aspects of lncRNAs to highlight their importance in physiopathologic states and take a step towards helping future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Jafari-Raddani
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Davoodi-Moghaddam
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir-Mohammad Yousefi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed H Ghaffari
- Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Bashash
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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13
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Zhang R, Zhang G, Li B, Wang J, Wang J, Che J, Wang X, Zhang Z. Analysis of LINC01314 and miR-96 Expression in Colorectal Cancer Patients via Tissue Microarray-Based Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization. Dis Markers 2022; 2022:5378963. [PMID: 36246563 PMCID: PMC9568347 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5378963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Methods A tissue microarray (TMA) containing 76 individual colorectal tumor samples and 28 adjacent normal samples was constructed, and the expression levels of LINC01314 and miR-96 were detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Results The expression levels of both LINC01314 and miR-96 were upregulated in CRC tissues and were associated with vascular metastasis (p < 0.05). A significantly positive correlation was observed between LINC01314 and miR-96 expression in tumor tissues (p < 0.001, r = 0.870). Dominant expression of LINC01314 was a risk factor for both blood vessel invasion (p < 0.05) and poor 5-year survival (p = 0.001, hazard ratio = 4.144). The Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that patients with LINC01314-dominant expression exhibited worse 5-year survival rates than those with miR-96-dominant expression (p < 0.05). Conclusion The expression patterns of both LINC01314 and miR-96 may be diagnostic of, and prognostic for, CRC. These findings will facilitate further exploration of the molecular mechanism of lncRNAs in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Genhua Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Baohua Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jvfang Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia Che
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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14
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Takenaka K, Curry-Hyde A, Olzomer EM, Farrell R, Byrne FL, Janitz M. Investigation of Transcriptome Patterns in Endometrial Cancers from Obese and Lean Women. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23. [PMID: 36232772 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the most common gynaecological malignancy in developed countries. One of the largest risk factors for endometrial cancer is obesity. The aim of this study was to determine whether there are differences in the transcriptome of endometrial cancers from obese vs. lean women. Here we investigate the transcriptome of endometrial cancer between obese and lean postmenopausal women using rRNA-depleted RNA-Seq data from endometrial cancer tissues and matched adjacent non-cancerous endometrial tissues. Differential expression analysis identified 12,484 genes (6370 up-regulated and 6114 down-regulated) in endometrial cancer tissues from obese women, and 6219 genes (3196 up-regulated and 3023 down-regulated) in endometrial cancer tissues from lean women (adjusted p-value < 0.1). A gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed that the top 1000 up-regulated genes (by adjusted p-value) were enriched for growth and proliferation pathways while the top 1000 down-regulated genes were enriched for cytoskeleton restructure networks in both obese and lean endometrial cancer tissues. In this study, we also show perturbations in the expression of protein coding genes (HIST1H2BL, HIST1H3F, HIST1H2BH, HIST1H1B, TTK, PTCHD1, ASPN, PRELP, and CDH13) and the lncRNA MBNL1-AS1 in endometrial cancer tissues. Overall, this study has identified gene expression changes that are similar and also unique to endometrial cancers from obese vs. lean women. Furthermore, some of these genes may serve as prognostic biomarkers or, possibly, therapeutic targets for endometrial cancer.
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15
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Li B, Zheng L, Ye J, Zhang C, Zhou J, Huang Q, Guo Y, Wang L, Yu P, Liu S, Lin Q, Luo Y, Zhou H, Yang J, Qu L. CREB1 contributes colorectal cancer cell plasticity by regulating lncRNA CCAT1 and NF-κB pathways. Sci China Life Sci 2022; 65:1481-97. [PMID: 35696016 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2108-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The CREB1 gene encodes an exceptionally pleiotropic transcription factor that frequently dysregulated in human cancers. CREB1 can regulate tumor cell status of proliferation and/or migration; however, the molecular basis for this switch involvement in cell plasticity has not fully been understood yet. Here, we first show that knocking out CREB1 triggers a remarkable effect of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and leads to the occurrence of inhibited proliferation and enhanced motility in HCT116 colorectal cancer cells. By monitoring 45 cellular signaling pathway activities, we find that multiple growth-related pathways decline significantly while inflammatory pathways including NF-κB are largely upregulated in comparing between the CREB1 wild-type and knocked out cells. Mechanistically, cells with CREB1 knocked out show downregulation of MYC as a result of impaired CREB1-dependent transcription of the oncogenic lncRNA CCAT1. Interestingly, the unbalanced competition between the coactivator CBP/p300 for CREB1 and p65 leads to the activation of the NF-κB pathway in cells with CREB1 disrupted, which induces an obvious EMT phenotype of the cancer cells. Taken together, these studies identify previously unknown mechanisms of CREB1 in CRC cell plasticity via regulating lncRNA CCAT1 and NF-κB pathways, providing a critical insight into a combined strategy for CREB1-targeted tumor therapies.
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16
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Sattar RSA, Verma R, Nimisha, Kumar A, Dar GM, Apurva, Sharma AK, Kumari I, Ahmad E, Ali A, Mahajan B, Saluja SS. Diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in colorectal cancer and the potential role of exosomes in drug delivery. Cell Signal 2022; 99:110413. [PMID: 35907519 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is third most common cancer with second most common cause of death worldwide. One fourth to one fifth of the CRC cases are detected at advance stage. Early detection of colorectal cancer might help in decreasing mortality and morbidity worldwide. CRC being a heterogeneous disease, new non-invasive approaches are needed to complement and improve the screening and management of CRC. Reliable and early detectable biomarkers would improve diagnosis, prognosis, therapeutic responses, and will enable the prediction of drug response and recurrence risk. Over the past decades molecular research has demonstrated the potentials of CTCs, ctDNAs, circulating mRNA, ncRNAs, and exosomes as tumor biomarkers. Non-invasive screening approaches using fecal samples for identification of altered gut microbes in CRC is also gaining attention. Exosomes can be potential candidates that can be employed in the drug delivery system. Further, the integration of in vitro, in vivo and in silico models that involve CRC biomarkers will help to understand the interactions occurring at the cellular level. This review summarizes recent update on CRC biomarkers and their application along with the nanoparticles followed by the application of organoid culture in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Real Sumayya Abdul Sattar
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Renu Verma
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Nimisha
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Ghulam Mehdi Dar
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Apurva
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Abhay Kumar Sharma
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Indu Kumari
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Ejaj Ahmad
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Asgar Ali
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Bhawna Mahajan
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India; Department of Biochemistry, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Sundeep Singh Saluja
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India; Department of GI Surgery, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India.
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Ferrer JLM, Garcia RL. Antioxidant Systems, lncRNAs, and Tunneling Nanotubes in Cell Death Rescue from Cigarette Smoke Exposure. Cells 2022; 11:2277. [PMID: 35892574 PMCID: PMC9330437 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke is a rich source of carcinogens and reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can damage macromolecules including DNA. Repair systems can restore DNA integrity. Depending on the duration or intensity of stress signals, cells may utilize various survival and adaptive mechanisms. ROS levels are kept in check through redundant detoxification processes controlled largely by antioxidant systems. This review covers and expands on the mechanisms available to cigarette smoke-exposed cancer cells for restoring the redox balance. These include multiple layers of transcriptional control, each of which is posited to be activated upon reaching a particular stress threshold, among them the NRF2 pathway, the AP-1 and NF-kB pathways, and, finally, TP53, which triggers apoptosis if extreme toxicity is reached. The review also discusses long noncoding RNAs, which have been implicated recently in regulating oxidative stress—with roles in ROS detoxification, the inflammatory response, oxidative stress-induced apoptosis, and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Lastly, the emerging roles of tunneling nanotubes in providing additional mechanisms for metabolic rescue and the regulation of redox imbalance are considered, further highlighting the expanded redox reset arsenal available to cells.
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Najafi S, Khatami SH, Khorsand M, Jamali Z, Shabaninejad Z, Moazamfard M, Majidpoor J, Aghaei Zarch SM, Movahedpour A. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs); roles in tumorigenesis and potentials as biomarkers in cancer diagnosis. Exp Cell Res 2022; 418:113294. [PMID: 35870535 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
New research has indicated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in a broad range of biological processes, including the pathogenesis of many complex human diseases, including cancer. The detailed regulation mechanisms of many lncRNAs in cancer initiation and progression have yet to be discovered, even though a few of lncRNAs' functions in cancer have been characterized. In the present study, we summarize recent advances in the mechanisms and functions of lncRNAs in cancer. We focused on the roles of newly-identified lncRNAs as oncogenes and tumor suppressors, as well as the potential pathways these molecules could play. The paper also discusses their potential uses as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyyed Hossein Khatami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Khorsand
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Jamali
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Shabaninejad
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Jamal Majidpoor
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Disease Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohsen Aghaei Zarch
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ji Y, Yang Y, Yin Z. Polymorphisms in lncRNA CCAT1 on the susceptibility of lung cancer in a Chinese northeast population: A case-control study. Cancer Med 2022; 12:500-512. [PMID: 35650713 PMCID: PMC9844612 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECT To explore the association of rs1948915, rs7013433 in long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) CCAT1 and rs6983267 in MYC enhancer region with the risk of lung cancer in a Chinese northeast population, a case-control study was conducted. METHODS The hospital-based case-control study contained 669 lung cancer patients and 697 healthy controls. Taqman® Probe allele resolution was used for genotyping. The differences between the case-control groups were analyzed using Student t-test and chi-square test. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between the genotypes and the risk of lung cancer. Cross-generation analysis was used to explore the relationship between gene-environment interaction and lung cancer. RESULTS There was no association between the three selected single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the susceptibility of lung cancer. Rs1948915 CT was correlated with lung adenocarcinoma. In female stratification, rs1948915 CT/CC was associated with a decreased susceptibility of lung cancer significantly. Additionally, the additive and multiplicative interaction models showed that there was no interaction between the three selected SNPs and smoking status in lung cancer. CONCLUSIONS There may be an association between lung adenocarcinoma and rs1948915 polymorphism in the Chinese northeast population, while rs7013433 and rs6983267 might have no association. There was no interaction between the three selected SNPs and smoking status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangtao Ji
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Laboratory MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningPeople's Republic of China
| | - Zhihua Yin
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public Health, China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningPeople's Republic of China
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20
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Shu Q, Zhou Y, Zhu Z, Chen X, Fang Q, Zhong L, Chen Z, Fang L. A Novel Risk Model Based on Autophagy-Related LncRNAs Predicts Prognosis and Indicates Immune Infiltration Landscape of Patients With Cutaneous Melanoma. Front Genet 2022; 13:885391. [PMID: 35571053 PMCID: PMC9101482 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.885391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is a malignant tumor with a high incidence rate and poor prognosis. Autophagy plays an essential role in the development of CM; however, the role of autophagy-related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in this process remains unknown. Human autophagy-related genes were extracted from the Human Autophagy Gene Database and screened for autophagy-related lncRNAs using Pearson correlation. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was implemented to identify ten autophagy-related lncRNAs associated with prognosis, and a risk model was constructed. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that the survival probability of the high-risk group was lower than that of the low-risk group. A novel predictive model was constructed to investigate the independent prognostic value of the risk model. The nomogram results showed that the risk score was an independent prognostic signature that distinguished it from other clinical characteristics. The immune infiltration landscape of the low-risk and high-risk groups was further investigated. The low-risk groups displayed higher immune, stromal, and ESTIMATE scores and lower tumor purity. The CIBERSORT and single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) algorithms indicated a notable gap in immune cells between the low- and high-risk groups. Ten autophagy-related lncRNAs were significantly correlated with immune cells. Finally, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) results demonstrated that autophagy-related lncRNA-mediated and immune-related signaling pathways are crucial factors in regulating CM. Altogether, these data suggest that constructing a risk model based on ten autophagy-related lncRNAs can accurately predict prognosis and indicate the tumor microenvironment of patients with CM. Thus, our study provides a new perspective for the future clinical treatment of CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Shu
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, First People’s Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengjie Zhu
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xi Chen
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qilu Fang
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Like Zhong
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luo Fang
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Wu Y, Hayat K, Hu Y, Yang J. Long Non-Coding RNAs as Molecular Biomarkers in Cholangiocarcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:890605. [PMID: 35573683 PMCID: PMC9093656 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.890605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a biliary system cancer that has the characteristics of strong invasiveness, poor prognosis, and few therapy choices. Furthermore, the absence of precise biomarkers for early identification and prognosis makes it hard to intervene in the early phase of initial diagnosis or recurring cholangiocarcinoma following surgery. Encouragingly, previous studies found that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), a subgroup of RNA that is more than 200 nucleotides long, can affect cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and even drug resistance by altering numerous signaling pathways, thus reaching pro-cancer or anti-cancer outcomes. This review will take a retrospective view of the recent investigations on the work of lncRNAs in cholangiocarcinoma progression and the potential of lncRNAs serving as promising clinical biomarkers and therapeutic targets for CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Khizar Hayat
- Department of Gastroenterology, International Education College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yufei Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Biliary and Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jianfeng Yang,
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22
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Iranmanesh H, Entezari M, Rejali L, Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad E, Maghsoudloo M, Aghdaei HA, Zali MR, Hushmandi K, Rabiee N, Makvandi P, Ashrafizadeh M, Hashemi M. The Association of Clinicopathological Characterizations of Colorectal Cancer with Membrane-Bound Mucins genes and LncRNAs. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 233:153883. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.153883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
In recent years, there has been significant progress in the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer. However, owing to the lack of early diagnosis strategies and treatment targets, the prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer remains unsatisfactory. There is an urgent need to identify novel biomarkers and treatment targets for esophageal cancer. With the development of genomics, long-chain non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs), which were once considered transcriptional “noise,” are being identified and characterized rapidly in large numbers. Recent research shows that LncRNAs are closely related to a series of steps in tumor development and play an important regulatory role in DNA replication, transcription, and post-transcriptional regulation. The abnormal expression of LncRNAs leads to tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and treatment resistance. This review focuses on the latest progress in research on the abnormal expression and functional mechanisms of LncRNAs in esophageal cancer. Further, it discusses the potential applications of these findings towards achieving an early diagnosis, improving treatment efficacy, and evaluating the prognosis of esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenbo Yang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kuisheng Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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24
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Abdi E, Latifi-Navid S, Latifi-Navid H. Long noncoding RNA polymorphisms and colorectal cancer risk: Progression and future perspectives. Environ Mol Mutagen 2022; 63:98-112. [PMID: 35275417 DOI: 10.1002/em.22477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers causing death worldwide. Many long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have possible carcinogenic or tumor suppressor functions. Some lncRNA polymorphisms are useful for predicting cancer risk, and may help advance personalized therapy management. While the use of lncRNAs as biomarkers is promising, there are still drawbacks, and further studies are needed to verify the consistency of current outcomes in large-scale populations and different ethnicities. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can disrupt a lncRNAs' function, thus enhancing or hindering disease occurrence. SNPs can directly influence the lncRNA expression by interfering with transcription factor binding or affecting indirectly a regulatory factors' expression. Moreover, the association between lncRNAs and other RNAs or proteins may be disrupted by SNPs. This research sought to assess the association between lncRNA polymorphisms and CRC risk, as well as clinical and therapeutic consequences in certain cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmat Abdi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Saeid Latifi-Navid
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Hamid Latifi-Navid
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
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25
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Takeda T, Yokoyama Y, Takahashi H, Okuzaki D, Asai K, Itakura H, Miyoshi N, Kobayashi S, Uemura M, Fujita T, Ueno H, Mori M, Doki Y, Fujii H, Eguchi H, Yamamoto H. A stem cell marker KLF5 regulates CCAT1 via three-dimensional genome structure in colorectal cancer cells. Br J Cancer 2022; 126:109-119. [PMID: 34707247 PMCID: PMC8727571 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01579-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND KLF5 plays a crucial role in stem cells of colorectum in cooperation with Lgr5 gene. In this study, we aimed to explicate a regulatory mechanism of the KLF5 gene product from a view of three-dimensional genome structure in colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS In vitro engineered DNA-binding molecule-mediated chromatin immunoprecipitation (enChIP)-seq method was used to identify the regions that bind to the KLF5 promoter. RESULTS We revealed that the KLF5 promoter region interacted with the KLF5 enhancer region as well as the transcription start site (TSS) region of the Colon Cancer Associated Transcript 1 (CCAT1) gene. Notably, the heterodeletion mutants of KLF5 enhancer impaired the cancer stem-like properties of CRC cells. The KLF5 protein participated in the core-regulatory circuitry together with co-factors (BRD4, MED1, and RAD21), which constructs the three-dimensional genome structures consisting of KLF5 promoter, enhancer and CCAT1 TSS region. In vitro analysis indicated that KLF5 regulated CCAT1 expression and we found that CCAT1 expression was highly correlated with KLF5 expression in CRC clinical samples. CONCLUSIONS Our data propose the mechanistic insight that the KLF5 protein constructs the core-regulatory circuitry with co-factors in the three-dimensional genome structure and coordinately regulates KLF5 and CCAT1 expression in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Takeda
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuhki Yokoyama
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-7, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Hidekazu Takahashi
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- Single Cell Genomics, Human Immunology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, 3-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kaho Asai
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-7, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Itakura
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Norikatsu Miyoshi
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shogo Kobayashi
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mamoru Uemura
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshitsugu Fujita
- Department of Biochemistry and Genome Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8562, Japan
| | - Hiroo Ueno
- Department of Stem Cell Pathology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Masaki Mori
- School of Medicine, Tokai University, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hodaka Fujii
- Department of Biochemistry and Genome Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8562, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-7, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Aydin M, Kızıltan R, Algul S, Kemik O. The Utility of Serum Vasorin Levels as a Novel Potential Biomarker for Early Detection of Colon Cancer. Cureus 2022; 14:e21653. [PMID: 35233325 PMCID: PMC8881733 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.21653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the utility of vasorin, a newly discovered transmembrane protein, as a novel biomarker in the early detection of colon cancer. Methods A total of 80 patients aged 55-70 years, diagnosed with colon cancer and followed up in our clinics, and 50 healthy volunteer blood donors were included in the study. Participants' demographics such as age, gender, and vasorin levels were recorded and compared between the patient and control groups. In addition, primary tumor status (pT) values N and T stages of the tumors were studied in the patient group. All patients included in the study were pathologically confirmed by colonoscopy plus biopsy and postoperative histopathologic examination. Results The mean age was found as 64.59±3.70 (min-max: 55-70) years old in the patient group and 63.56±3.07 (min-max: 57-70) years. There was no statistically significant difference between both groups regarding demographics (p>0.05). Serum Vasorin levels were higher in patients with colon cancer than in the control group (p<0.001). Serum Vasorin levels were higher among patients with advanced disease and related to the clinical stage of the locally advanced tumor. Conclusion Our findings revealed that serum vasorin levels are upregulated in patients with colon cancer. Raised vasorin levels may be a non-invasive biomarker beneficial for early detection and prediction of colon cancer prognosis. In addition, vasorin levels further rose as the disease advanced to higher TNM (tumor (T), nodes (N), and metastases (M)) stages. Further comprehensive studies are needed to draw more evident conclusions and generalize our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Aydin
- General Surgery, Medical Park Bahçelievler Hospital, Istanbul, TUR
| | - Remzi Kızıltan
- General Surgery, Van Yuzuncu Yil University School of Medicine, Van, TUR
| | - Sermin Algul
- Physiology, Van Yuzuncu Yil University School of Medicine, Van, TUR
| | - Ozgur Kemik
- Surgical Oncology, Van Yuzuncu Yil University School of Medicine, Van, TUR
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27
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Ochman B, Kula A, Świętochowska E. The functional role of miRNAs in inflammatory pathways associated with intestinal epithelial tight junction barrier regulation in IBD. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2022; 76:254-267. [DOI: 10.2478/ahem-2022-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease – Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis – is an immune-mediated chronic disorder with still not fully elucidated complex mechanisms of pathogenesis and pathophysiology. Intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB) dysregulation is one of the major underlying mechanisms of inflammatory process induction in IBD. Proper IEB integrity is maintained to a large extent by intercellular tight junctions, the function of which can be modified by many molecules, including miRNAs. MiRNAs belong to noncoding and non-messenger RNAs, which can modulate gene expression by binding predicted mRNAs.
In this review, we summarize and discuss the potential role of miRNAs in the regulation of inflammatory signaling pathways affecting the function of the intestinal epithelial barrier in IBD, with particular emphasis on therapeutic potentials. The aim of the review is also to determine the further development directions of the studies on miRNA in the modulation of the intestinal epithelial barrier in IBD.
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Sadri S, Rejali L, Hadizadeh M, Aghdaei HA, Young C, Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad E, Zali MR, Bonab MA. ANRIL as a prognostic biomarker in colon pre-cancerous lesion detection via non-invasive sampling. Genes Genet Syst 2021; 96:285-292. [DOI: 10.1266/ggs.21-00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Sadri
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Centre, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
| | - Leili Rejali
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Centre, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
| | | | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Centre, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
| | - Chris Young
- Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University
| | - Ehsan Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Centre, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Centre, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
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Selem NA, Youness RA, Gad MZ. What is beyond LncRNAs in breast cancer: A special focus on colon cancer-associated Transcript-1 (CCAT-1). Noncoding RNA Res 2021; 6:174-186. [PMID: 34938928 PMCID: PMC8666458 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) play a vital role in the process of malignant transformation. In breast cancer (BC), lncRNAs field is currently under intensive investigations. Yet, the role of lncRNAs as promising diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers and as therapeutic target/tool among BC patients still needs a special focus from the biomedical scientists. In BC, triple negative breast cancer patients (TNBC) are the unlucky group as they are always represented with the worst prognosis and the highest mortality rates. For that reason, a special focus on TNBC and associated lncRNAs was addressed in this review. Colon cancer-associated transcript 1 (CCAT-1) is a newly discovered oncogenic lncRNA that has been emerged as a vital biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic interventions in multiple malignancies and showed differential expression among TNBC patients. In this review, the authors shed the light onto the general role of lncRNAs in BC and the specific functional activities, molecular mechanisms, competing endogenous ncRNA role of CCAT-1 in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha A. Selem
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rana A. Youness
- Molecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Egypt
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted By Global Academic Foundation, New Administrative Capital, 11586, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Z. Gad
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Egypt
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Pirlog R, Drula R, Nutu A, Calin GA, Berindan-Neagoe I. The Roles of the Colon Cancer Associated Transcript 2 (CCAT2) Long Non-Coding RNA in Cancer: A Comprehensive Characterization of the Tumorigenic and Molecular Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12491. [PMID: 34830370 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer-associated transcript 2 (CCAT2) is an intensively studied lncRNA with important regulatory roles in cancer. As such, cumulative studies indicate that CCAT2 displays a high functional versatility due to its direct interaction with multiple RNA binding proteins, transcription factors, and other species of non-coding RNA, especially microRNA. The definitory mechanisms of CCAT2 are its role as a regulator of the TCF7L2 transcription factor, enhancer of MYC expression, and activator of the WNT/β-catenin pathway, as well as a role in promoting and maintaining chromosome instability through the BOP1–AURKB pathway. Additionally, we highlight how the encompassing rs6983267 SNP has been shown to confer CCAT2 with allele-specific functional and structural particularities, such as the allelic-specific reprogramming of glutamine metabolism. Additionally, we emphasize CCAT2’s role as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for multiple tumor suppressor miRNAs, such as miR-4496, miR-493, miR-424, miR-216b, miR-23b, miR-34a, miR-145, miR-200b, and miR-143 and the pro-tumorigenic role of the altered regulatory axis. Additionally, due to its upregulation in tumor tissues, wide distribution across cancer types, and presence in serum samples, we outline CCAT2’s potential as a biomarker and disease indicator and its implications for the development of resistance against current cancer therapy regiments and metastasis.
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Cesmeli S, Goker Bagca B, Caglar HO, Ozates NP, Gunduz C, Biray Avci C. Combination of resveratrol and BIBR1532 inhibits proliferation of colon cancer cells by repressing expression of LncRNAs. Med Oncol 2021; 39:12. [PMID: 34779924 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01611-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. The development of tumor drug resistance is observed in the treatment of CRC. Combinations of anticancer agents are attracting considerable interest in order to overcome drug resistance in CRC. This study aims to investigate the effect of resveratrol and BIBR1532, either alone or in combination, on the cell viability as well as on expression of long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) for HT-29 colon adenocarcinoma cells. The cytotoxic effects of resveratrol and BIBR1532 on HT-29 cells were determined using WST-1 test. Flow cytometry was used to determine apoptotic cell death after treatments. Real-Time PCR was used to identify expression of LncRNAs after treatments. LncExpDB and GEPIA2 were used to evaluate expression profiles of LncRNAs, whose expression levels were decreased in HT-29 cells after treatments, in normal tissues and colon adenocarcinoma tumors. IC50 concentrations of BIBR1532 and resveratrol were found to be 50.81 μM at 48 h and 86.23 μM at 72 h, respectively. Combination index value was 1.07617. BIBR1532, resveratrol, or their combination reduced the cell viability of HT-29 cells. CCAT1, CRNDE, HOTAIR, PCAT1, PVT1, SNHG16 were down-regulated after treatments. In silico analysis revealed that LncRNAs whose expression levels were decreased after treatments were associated with CRC. Resveratrol, BIBR1532, or their combination may have anti-proliferative effect on colorectal cancer cells through repressing expression of LncRNAs that are involved in progression of CRC.
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Zhong J, Cheng B, Yang L, Li G, Yuan Y, Luo G, Shu Z, Jiang H. LncRNA ZEB1-AS1 knockdown alleviates oxidative low-density lipoprotein-induced endothelial cell injury via the miR-590-5p/HDAC9 axis. Cent Eur J Immunol 2021; 46:325-35. [PMID: 34764804 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2021.108767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) is thought to induce vascular endothelial cell injury, which contributes to the aetiopathogenesis of atherosclerosis (AS). Several previous reports have identified that lncRNA ZEB1-AS1 participates in the regulatory mechanisms of endothelial cell injury, but the potential interaction mechanism between ZEB1-AS1 and miR-590-5p in ox-LDL-induced endothelial cell damage is not clear. ZEB1-AS1 and miR-590-5p expression were tested by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in ox-LDL-treated endothelial cells. The proliferation and apoptosis were determined by MTT and Annexin V/PI double-staining assay, respectively. The protein expression of HDAC9, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved PARP were measured by western blot analysis. Dual-luciferase reporter and RIP assays affirmed the functional targets of ZEB1-AS1. ZEB1-AS1 expression was upregulated in ox-LDL-treated HUVECs, and miR-590-5p was lessened in a dose- or time-depended manner, respectively. Knockdown of ZEB1-AS1 facilitated ox-LDL-treated endothelial cell proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis. Moreover, miR-590-5p was directly targeted via ZEB1-AS1 in ox-LDL-treated HUVECs. ZEB1-AS1 silencing attenuated ox-LDL-induced cell injury via regulation of miR-590-5p expression. Furthermore, HDAC9 reversed the influence of miR-590-5p on propagation and apoptosis of ox-LDL-induced endothelial cells. Knockdown of ZEB1-AS1 alleviates ox-LDL-induced endothelial cell injury by regulating the miR-590-5p/HDAC9 axis.
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Zhao R, Sa X, Ouyang N, Zhang H, Yang J, Pan J, Gu J, Zhou Y. A Pan-Cancer Analysis of Transcriptome and Survival Reveals Prognostic Differentially Expressed LncRNAs and Predicts Novel Drugs for Glioblastoma Multiforme Therapy. Front Genet 2021; 12:723725. [PMID: 34759954 PMCID: PMC8575119 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.723725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have identified various prognostic long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) in a specific cancer type, but a comprehensive pan-cancer analysis for prediction of LncRNAs that may serve as prognostic biomarkers is of great significance to be performed. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive malignant adult primary brain tumor. There is an urgent need to identify novel therapies for GBM due to its poor prognosis and universal recurrence. Using available LncRNA expression data of 12 cancer types and survival data of 30 cancer types from online databases, we identified 48 differentially expressed LncRNAs in cancers as potential pan-cancer prognostic biomarkers. Two candidate LncRNAs were selected for validation in GBM. By the expression detection in GBM cell lines and survival analysis in GBM patients, we demonstrated the reliability of the list of pan-cancer prognostic LncRNAs obtained above. By constructing LncRNA-mRNA-drug network in GBM, we predicted novel drug-target interactions for GBM correlated LncRNA. This analysis has revealed common prognostic LncRNAs among cancers, which may provide insights into cancer pathogenesis and novel drug target in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongchuan Zhao
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), University of Science and Technology of China, Heifei, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaohan Sa
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), University of Science and Technology of China, Heifei, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Nan Ouyang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), University of Science and Technology of China, Heifei, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiao Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Jinlin Pan
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), University of Science and Technology of China, Heifei, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Jinhui Gu
- Department of Anorectum, Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuanshuai Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
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Eshghifar N, Rouhollah F, Barikrow N, Pouresmaeili F, Taheri M. The role of long noncoding RNAs in patients with Luminal A invasive breast ductal carcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 227:153645. [PMID: 34678601 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer in women around the world. The molecular mechanisms of this heterogeneous disease have been extensively investigated; but yet; It requires a lot of sensitive and specific markers for prognosis and early detection approaches. Non-protein coding RNAs known as lncRNAs have been reported in tumorigenic involvement so they can be used for therapeutic purposes. In the present study, the expression levels of CCAT1, PDCD4, PDCD4-AS1, and MEG3 LncRNA in adjacent tumor and breast tissue in 88 Iranian patients were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR. CCAT1 was significantly expressed and PDCD4-AS1 decreased in tumor samples, PDCD4 and PDCD4-AS1 showed a positive correlation with each other, higher levels of PDCD4-AS1 were associated with better survival, tumor samples showed lower levels of PDCD4 in Showed comparisons with normal tissue. Our findings suggest that lncRNAs play an important role in controlling gene expression after transcription of major tumor suppressors or carcinogenic genes, leading to the development of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). In conclusion, this study investigated the prognostic role of lncRNA in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahal Eshghifar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rouhollah
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nooshin Barikrow
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farkhondeh Pouresmaeili
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the leading causes of cancer related deaths among women. Due to the asymptomatic tumor progression and lack of efficient screening methods, majority of OC patients are diagnosed in advanced tumor stages. A combination of surgical resection and platinum based-therapy is the common treatment option for advanced OC patients. However, tumor relapse is observed in about 70% of cases due to the treatment failure. Cisplatin is widely used as an efficient first-line treatment option for OC; however cisplatin resistance is observed in a noticeable ratio of cases. Regarding, the severe cisplatin side effects, it is required to clarify the molecular biology of cisplatin resistance to improve the clinical outcomes of OC patients. Cisplatin resistance in OC is associated with abnormal drug transportation, increased detoxification, abnormal apoptosis, and abnormal DNA repair ability. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are critical factors involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and chemo resistance. MiRNAs as non-invasive and more stable factors compared with mRNAs, can be introduced as efficient markers of cisplatin response in OC patients. MAIN BODY In present review, we have summarized all of the miRNAs that have been associated with cisplatin resistance in OC. We also categorized the miRNAs based on their targets to clarify their probable molecular mechanisms during cisplatin resistance in ovarian tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS It was observed that miRNAs mainly exert their role in cisplatin response through regulation of apoptosis, signaling pathways, and transcription factors in OC cells. This review highlighted the miRNAs as important regulators of cisplatin response in ovarian tumor cells. Moreover, present review paves the way of suggesting a non-invasive panel of prediction markers for cisplatin response among OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Lu C, Wei D, Zhang Y, Wang P, Zhang W. Long Non-Coding RNAs as Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Breast Cancer: Progress and Prospects. Front Oncol 2021; 11:710538. [PMID: 34527584 PMCID: PMC8436618 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.710538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women worldwide, excluding non-melanoma skin cancer. It is now well understood that breast cancer is a heterogeneous entity that exhibits distinctive histological and biological features, treatment responses and prognostic patterns. Therefore, the identification of novel ideal diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers is of utmost importance. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are commonly defined as transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that lack coding potential. Extensive research has shown that lncRNAs are involved in multiple human cancers, including breast cancer. LncRNAs with dysregulated expression can act as oncogenes or tumor-suppressor genes to regulate malignant transformation processes, such as proliferation, invasion, migration and drug resistance. Intriguingly, the expression profiles of lncRNAs tend to be highly cell-type-specific, tissue-specific, disease-specific or developmental stage-specific, which makes them suitable biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuicui Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Duncan Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Yahui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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Chen J, Alduais Y, Zhang K, Zhu X, Chen B. CCAT1/FABP5 promotes tumour progression through mediating fatty acid metabolism and stabilizing PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling in lung adenocarcinoma. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:9199-9213. [PMID: 34431227 PMCID: PMC8500980 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) colon cancer associated transcript 1 (CCAT1) has been identified as an oncogene in many cancers, but its role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains to be further investigated. We identified the upregulation of CCAT1 in LUAD tissues and LUAD cells. Through RNA pull‐down and mass spectrometry analysis, we obtained the interacting proteins with CCAT1 and discovered their functional relation with ‘signal transduction’, ‘energy pathways’ and ‘metabolism’ and revealed the potential of CCAT1 on fatty acid (FA) metabolism. For mechanism exploration, we uncovered the mediation of CCAT1 on the translocation of fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) into nucleus by confirming their interaction and localization. Also, CCAT1 was discovered to promote the formation of the transcription complex by RXR and PPARγ so as to activate the transcription of CD36, PDK1 and VEGFA. Moreover, we found that CCAT1 regulated the activity of AKT by promoting the ubiquitination of FKBP51 through binding with USP49. Subsequently, cell function assays revealed the enhancement of CCAT1 on LUAD cell proliferation and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, CCAT1 regulated cell proliferation and angiogenesis through regulating FA metabolism in LUAD, providing a novel target for LUAD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaser Alduais
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Baoan Chen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Jia F, Li Y, Deng X, Wang X, Cui X, Lu J, Pan Z, Wu Y. Self-assembled fluorescent hybrid nanoparticles-mediated collaborative lncRNA CCAT1 silencing and curcumin delivery for synchronous colorectal cancer theranostics. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:238. [PMID: 34380471 PMCID: PMC8359047 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00981-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer synergistic therapy strategy in combination with therapeutic gene and small molecule drug offers the possibility to amplify anticancer efficiency. Colon cancer-associated transcript-1 (CCAT1) is a well identified oncogenic long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) exerting tumorigenic effects in a variety of cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC). Results In the present work, curcumin (Cur) and small interfering RNA targeting lncRNA CCAT1(siCCAT1) were co-incorporated into polymeric hybrid nanoparticles (CSNP), which was constructed by self-assembling method with two amphiphilic copolymers, polyethyleneimine-poly (d, l-lactide) (PEI-PDLLA) and 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy (polyethylene glycol) (DSPE-mPEG). Owing to the multicolor fluorescence characteristics of PEI-PDLLA, the constructed CSNP could be served as a theranostic nanomedicine for synchronous therapy and imaging both in vitro and in vivo. Resultantly, proliferation and migration of HT-29 cells were efficiently inhibited, and the highest apoptosis ratio was induced by CSNP with coordination patterns. Effective knockdown of lncRNA CCAT1 and concurrent regulation of relevant downstream genes could be observed. Furthermore, CSNP triggered conspicuous anti-tumor efficacy in the HT-29 subcutaneous xenografts model with good biosafety and biocompatibility during the treatment. Conclusion On the whole, our studies demonstrated that the collaborative lncRNA CCAT1 silencing and Cur delivery based on CSNP might emerge as a preferable and promising strategy for synergetic anti-CRC therapy. Graphic abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12951-021-00981-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Jia
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiongwei Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Xuan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyue Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jianqing Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Zian Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
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Stasevich EM, Murashko MM, Zinevich LS, Demin DE, Schwartz AM. The Role of Non-Coding RNAs in the Regulation of the Proto-Oncogene MYC in Different Types of Cancer. Biomedicines 2021; 9:921. [PMID: 34440124 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the expression level of the MYC gene are often found in the cells of various malignant tumors. Overexpressed MYC has been shown to stimulate the main processes of oncogenesis: uncontrolled growth, unlimited cell divisions, avoidance of apoptosis and immune response, changes in cellular metabolism, genomic instability, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Thus, controlling the expression of MYC is considered as an approach for targeted cancer treatment. Since c-Myc is also a crucial regulator of many cellular processes in healthy cells, it is necessary to find ways for selective regulation of MYC expression in tumor cells. Many recent studies have demonstrated that non-coding RNAs play an important role in the regulation of the transcription and translation of this gene and some RNAs directly interact with the c-Myc protein, affecting its stability. In this review, we summarize current data on the regulation of MYC by various non-coding RNAs that can potentially be targeted in specific tumor types.
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40
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Cai X, Dai Y, Gao P, Ren G, Cheng D, Wang B, Wang Y, Yu J, Du Y, Wang X, Xue B. LncRNA CCAT1 promotes prostate cancer cells proliferation, migration, and invasion through regulation of miR-490-3p/FRAT1 axis. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:18527-18544. [PMID: 34319909 PMCID: PMC8351697 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a prevalent cancer in males, with high incidence and mortality. Recent studies have shown the crucial role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in PCa. Here, we aimed to explore the functional roles and inner mechanisms of lncRNA CCAT1 in PCa cells. qRT-PCR results showed that CCAT1 was upregulated in PCa tissues and cells. Functional assays demonstrated that CCAT1 knockdown suppressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion, yet promoted apoptosis, while CCAT1 promotion showed the opposite results. We also found that CCAT1 negatively regulated miR-490-3p expression and subsequently regulated FRAT1 expression. Inhibition of miR-490-3p or up-regulation of FRAT1 reversed the suppressive effects of CCAT1 knockdown on the PCa cells. In conclusion, CCAT1 regulated FRAT1 expression through miR-490-3p and then promote the PCa cells proliferation, migration, and invasion, which reveals the oncogenic function of CCAT1 in PCa progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Cai
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiheng Dai
- Department of Urology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215021, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guanyu Ren
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, Yangpu, China
| | - Dingcai Cheng
- Department of Urology, Taixing People's Hospital, Taixing 225400, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Urology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215021, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Urology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215021, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiang Yu
- Department of Urology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215021, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiheng Du
- Department of Urology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215021, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xizhi Wang
- Department of Urology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215021, Jiangsu, China
| | - Boxin Xue
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu, China
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41
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Tang C, Liu J, Hu Q, Zeng S, Yu L. Metastatic colorectal cancer: Perspectives on long non-coding RNAs and promising therapeutics. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 908:174367. [PMID: 34303661 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) has long been lethal despite the continuous efforts of researchers worldwide to discover and improve therapeutic regimens. Thanks to the emergence of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which has strongly reshaped our inherent perspectives on the pathophysiological patterns of disease, research in the field has been reinvigorated. Here, we focus on current understanding of the modes of action of lncRNAs, and review their regulatory roles in metastatic colorectal cancer, and discuss correlated potential lncRNA-based therapeutics. All of the discussed studies share clear and promising perspectives on future diagnostic and therapeutic remedies for metastatic colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyuan Tang
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Junqing Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310022, China
| | - Qingqing Hu
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 322023, China
| | - Su Zeng
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Lushan Yu
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.
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42
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Singh N. Role of mammalian long non-coding RNAs in normal and neuro oncological disorders. Genomics 2021; 113:3250-3273. [PMID: 34302945 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are expressed at lower levels than protein-coding genes but have a crucial role in gene regulation. LncRNA is distinct, they are being transcribed using RNA polymerase II, and their functionality depends on subcellular localization. Depending on their niche, they specifically interact with DNA, RNA, and proteins and modify chromatin function, regulate transcription at various stages, forms nuclear condensation bodies and nucleolar organization. lncRNAs may also change the stability and translation of cytoplasmic mRNAs and hamper signaling pathways. Thus, lncRNAs affect the physio-pathological states and lead to the development of various disorders, immune responses, and cancer. To date, ~40% of lncRNAs have been reported in the nervous system (NS) and are involved in the early development/differentiation of the NS to synaptogenesis. LncRNA expression patterns in the most common adult and pediatric tumor suggest them as potential biomarkers and provide a rationale for targeting them pharmaceutically. Here, we discuss the mechanisms of lncRNA synthesis, localization, and functions in transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and other forms of gene regulation, methods of lncRNA identification, and their potential therapeutic applications in neuro oncological disorders as explained by molecular mechanisms in other malignant disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Singh
- Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Centre for Advance Research, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226 003, India.
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43
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Wang H, Zhu Y, Chen H, Yang N, Wang X, Li B, Ying P, He H, Cai Y, Zhang M, Niu S, Li Y, Lu Z, Peng X, Zou D, Zhong R, Chang J, Dai M, Tian J, Miao X. Colorectal cancer risk variant rs7017386 modulates two oncogenic lncRNAs expression via ATF1-mediated long-range chromatin loop. Cancer Lett 2021; 518:140-151. [PMID: 34274452 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The activating transcription factor 1 (ATF1) has been identified as a vital pathogenic factor in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC), whiles, the precise regulatory mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we comprehensively characterized the ATF1 cistrome by RNA-seq and ChIP-seq assays in CRC cell lines. As the results, we identified 358 genes differentially regulated and 15,029 ATF1 binding sites and demonstrated that ATF1 was widely involved in major signaling pathways in CRC, such as Wnt, TNF, Jak-STAT. Subsequently, by the expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analyses, we found that rs7017386 was associated with the expression of CCAT1 and PVT1 in the Wnt pathway. By a two-stage population study with 6,131 CRC cases and 10,022 healthy controls, we identified the variant was associated with CRC risk. Mechanistically, we found rs7017386 allele-specifically enhanced the binding affinity of ATF1 and promoted the expressions of PVT1 and CCAT1, via forming a long-range chromatin loop. Moreover, those two lncRNAs could synergistically facilitate c-Myc expression to activate the Wnt pathway in CRC progression. Our findings not only demonstrated the transcriptomic profiling of ATF1 in CRC, but also provided important clues for the etiology of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxue Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, And the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, And the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongda Chen
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, And the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, And the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, And the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pingting Ying
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, And the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng He
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, And the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yimin Cai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, And the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, And the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Siyuan Niu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, And the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, And the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zequn Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, And the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiating Peng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, And the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Danyi Zou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, And the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, And the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiang Chang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, And the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Dai
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianbo Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, And the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xiaoping Miao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, And the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have long been collectively and passively defined as transcripts that do not encode proteins. However, extensive functional studies performed over the last decade have enabled the classification of lncRNAs into multiple categories according to their functions and/or molecular properties. Architectual RNAs (arcRNAs) are a group of lncRNAs that serve as architectural components of submicron-scale cellular bodies or nonmembranous organelles, which are composed of specific sets of proteins and nucleic acids involved in particular molecular processes. In this review, we focus on arcRNAs that function in the nucleus, which provide a structural basis for the formation of nuclear bodies, nonmembranous organelles in the cell nucleus. We will summarize the current list of arcRNAs and proteins associated with classic and more recently discovered nuclear bodies and discuss general rules that govern the formation of nuclear bodies, emphasizing weak multivalent interactions mediated by innately flexible biomolecules.
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Azadeh M, Salehzadeh A, Ghaedi K, Sasani ST. Decreased expression level of long non-coding RNA CCAT1, was observed in breast cancer tissue of an Isfahanian population (Iran). Gene Reports 2021; 23:101154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Zhu X, Pan H, Liu L. Long noncoding RNA network: Novel insight into hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis (Review). Int J Mol Med 2021; 48:134. [PMID: 34013360 PMCID: PMC8148093 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common, aggressive malignancies with poor prognosis and high mortality. Although great progress has been made in recent decades, overall survival of HCC patients remains unsatisfactory due to high recurrence and metastasis. Accordingly, understanding and clarifying the underlying molecular mechanisms of metastasis has become increasingly important. Recently, accumulated reports have supported that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are dysregulated in HCC and are involved in various pivotal biological processes, including metastasis. The aim of this review was to investigate the dysregulation of lncRNAs in HCC and their function as oncogenes or tumour suppressors. Furthermore, reciprocal regulatory networks between lncRNAs and various molecules that were identified in HCC metastasis, including regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), controlling metastasis-associated genes, and regulating tumour angiogenesis were examined. Numerous reports and information on lncRNAs may help identify lncRNAs that are potential novel diagnostic markers, prognostic markers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuming Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Hongming Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Lili Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
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47
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Zhang P, Pan Y, Sun J, Pan G. Aberrant expression of LncRNA CASC2 mediated the cell viability, apoptosis and autophagy of colon cancer cells by sponging miR-19a via NF-κB signaling pathway. Int J Exp Pathol 2021; 102:163-171. [PMID: 33983643 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal and rapid proliferation of colon cancer cells is a severe problem that can be regulated by non-coding RNAs. Thus, our study focused on effects of lncRNA CASC2 and miR-19a on colon cancer cells. Expressions of lncRNA CASC2, miR-19a, Bcl-2, Bax and NF-κB/p65 were examined by RT-qPCR. Cell viabilities were detected by CCK-8. A luciferase report assay was used for measuring binding conditions between lncRNA CASC2 and miR-19a. Western blotting was used to evaluate expression of LC3-I, LC3-II and p62 related to autophagy. Expression of lncRNA CASC2 lower in cancer cell lines and the overexpression reduced the cell viability of HT29 and SW480. Furthermore, Bcl-2 was suppressed by overexpressed lncRNA CASC2, while Bax was upregulated. LC3-Ⅰ and p62 were both inhibited, but LC3-Ⅱ was promoted. MiR-19a was predicted to bind lncRNA CASC2 and expressed higher in cancer cell lines. Overexpressed miR-19a reduced expression of lncRNA CASC2 and increased cell viability. This was repressed by upregulated lncRNA CASC2. Bcl-2 and Bax expression and proteins implicated in autophagy that are regulated by lncRNA CASC2 upregulation were reversed by miR-19a overexpression. NF-κB was upregulated in colon cancer cell lines, while inhibition of NF-κB reversed functions of lncRNA CASC2 and magnified roles of miR-19a. Our findings showed that lncRNA CASC2 inhibited cell viability in colon cancer cell lines and miR-19a reversed its functions through the NF-κB signalling pathway, suggesting that these could be factors in treating colon cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an City, China
| | - Yan Pan
- Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an City, China
| | - Jujun Sun
- Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an City, China
| | - Gaiyan Pan
- Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an City, China
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48
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Wang Z. LncRNA CCAT1 downregulation increases the radiosensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer cells. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2021; 37:654-663. [PMID: 33955133 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate if the radiosensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells can be regulated by long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) colon cancer associated transcript1 (CCAT1). CCAT1 was detected by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in NSCLC cells (A549, H1299, SK-MES1, H460, and H647) and human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE). H460 and A549 cells were then selected for the determination of CCAT1 expression after exposure to radiation (0, 2, 4, 6 Gy) at different time points (0, 6, 12, 24 h). Colony forming assay was performed to evaluate the effects of CCAT1 siRNA or pcDNA3.1-CCAT1 vector on the radiosensitivity of H460 and A549 cells. Then, flow cytometry, western blotting and qRT-PCR were also conducted. CCAT1 was increased in NSCLC cells when compared with 16HBE cells, which was declined in a time- and dosage-dependent manner after exposure to radiation. The H460 and A549 cell colonies were decreased and the γ-H2AX expression was elevated with the increase of radiation dosage, which was more obvious in those transfected with CCAT1 siRNA. CCAT1 downregulation arrested NSCLC cells at G2/M phase. Moreover, the enhanced apoptosis of radiotherapy-treated NSCLC cells with reductions of p-p38/p38, p-ERK/ERK, and p-JNK/JNK was promoted by siCCAT1, but it was reversed by pcDNA3.1-CCAT1 vector. Inhibiting CCAT1 regulated cell cycle, DNA damage and apoptosis of NSCLC cells, and affected MAPK pathway, eventually improving the radiosensitivity of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Wang
- Department of Oncology Radiotherapy 2, Yantai Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
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49
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Sadeh R, Sharkia I, Fialkoff G, Rahat A, Gutin J, Chappleboim A, Nitzan M, Fox-Fisher I, Neiman D, Meler G, Kamari Z, Yaish D, Peretz T, Hubert A, Cohen JE, Salah A, Temper M, Grinshpun A, Maoz M, Abu-Gazala S, Ya’acov AB, Shteyer E, Safadi R, Kaplan T, Shemer R, Planer D, Galun E, Glaser B, Zick A, Dor Y, Friedman N. ChIP-seq of plasma cell-free nucleosomes identifies gene expression programs of the cells of origin. Nat Biotechnol 2021; 39:586-598. [PMID: 33432199 PMCID: PMC7610786 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-020-00775-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in human plasma provides access to molecular information about the pathological processes in the organs or tumors from which it originates. These DNA fragments are derived from fragmented chromatin in dying cells and retain some of the cell-of-origin histone modifications. In this study, we applied chromatin immunoprecipitation of cell-free nucleosomes carrying active chromatin modifications followed by sequencing (cfChIP-seq) to 268 human samples. In healthy donors, we identified bone marrow megakaryocytes, but not erythroblasts, as major contributors to the cfDNA pool. In patients with a range of liver diseases, we showed that we can identify pathology-related changes in hepatocyte transcriptional programs. In patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma, we detected clinically relevant and patient-specific information, including transcriptionally active human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) amplifications. Altogether, cfChIP-seq, using low sequencing depth, provides systemic and genome-wide information and can inform diagnosis and facilitate interrogation of physiological and pathological processes using blood samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronen Sadeh
- The Rachel and Selim Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel,The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Israa Sharkia
- The Rachel and Selim Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel,The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gavriel Fialkoff
- The Rachel and Selim Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel,The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ayelet Rahat
- The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jenia Gutin
- The Rachel and Selim Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel,The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Alon Chappleboim
- The Rachel and Selim Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel,The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Mor Nitzan
- The Rachel and Selim Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ilana Fox-Fisher
- Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Daniel Neiman
- Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Guy Meler
- The Rachel and Selim Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Zahala Kamari
- The Rachel and Selim Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel,The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dayana Yaish
- The Goldyne Savad Institute for Gene Therapy, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tamar Peretz
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ayala Hubert
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jonathan E Cohen
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel,The Wohl institute for Translational Medicine, Hadassah Medical Center
| | - Azzam Salah
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Mark Temper
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Albert Grinshpun
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Myriam Maoz
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Samir Abu-Gazala
- Department of Surgery, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ami Ben Ya’acov
- The Juliet Keidan Institute of Pediatric Gastroenterology Institute, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eyal Shteyer
- The Juliet Keidan Institute of Pediatric Gastroenterology Institute, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rifaat Safadi
- The Liver Unit, Institute of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tommy Kaplan
- The Rachel and Selim Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ruth Shemer
- Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David Planer
- Department of Cardiology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eithan Galun
- The Goldyne Savad Institute for Gene Therapy, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Benjamin Glaser
- Dept of Endocrinology and Metabolism Service, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Aviad Zick
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yuval Dor
- Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nir Friedman
- The Rachel and Selim Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel,The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel,lead contact:
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50
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He J, Wu F, Han Z, Hu M, Lin W, Li Y, Cao M. Biomarkers (mRNAs and Non-Coding RNAs) for the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer - From the Body Fluid to Tissue Level. Front Oncol 2021; 11:632834. [PMID: 33996548 PMCID: PMC8118670 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.632834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) have been continuously improved, but the mortality rate continues to be high, especially in advanced patients. CRC patients usually have no obvious symptoms in the early stage and are already in the advanced stage when they are diagnosed. The 5-year survival rate is only 10%. The blood markers currently used to screen for CRC, such as carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9, have low sensitivity and specificity, whereas other methods are invasive or too expensive. As a result, recent research has shifted to the development of minimally invasive or noninvasive biomarkers in the form of body fluid biopsies. Non-coding RNA molecules are composed of microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, small nucleolar RNAs, and circular RNAs, which have important roles in the occurrence and development of diseases and can be utilized for the early diagnosis and prognosis of tumors. In this review, we focus on the latest findings of mRNA-ncRNA as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of CRC, from fluid to tissue level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Central Hospital of Panyu District, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feifeng Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zeping Han
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Central Hospital of Panyu District, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weida Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuguang Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Central Hospital of Panyu District, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingrong Cao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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