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Jiang YJ, Xia Y, Han ZJ, Hu YX, Huang T. Chromosomal localization of mutated genes in non-syndromic familial thyroid cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1286426. [PMID: 38571492 PMCID: PMC10987779 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1286426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Familial non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (FNMTC) is a type of thyroid cancer characterized by genetic susceptibility, representing approximately 5% of all non-medullary thyroid carcinomas. While some cases of FNMTC are associated with familial multi-organ tumor predisposition syndromes, the majority occur independently. The genetic mechanisms underlying non-syndromic FNMTC remain unclear. Initial studies utilized SNP linkage analysis to identify susceptibility loci, including the 1q21 locus, 2q21 locus, and 4q32 locus, among others. Subsequent research employed more advanced techniques such as Genome-wide Association Study and Whole Exome Sequencing, leading to the discovery of genes such as IMMP2L, GALNTL4, WDR11-AS1, DUOX2, NOP53, MAP2K5, and others. But FNMTC exhibits strong genetic heterogeneity, with each family having its own pathogenic genes. This is the first article to provide a chromosomal landscape map of susceptibility genes associated with non-syndromic FNMTC and analyze their potential associations. It also presents a detailed summary of variant loci, characteristics, research methodologies, and validation results from different countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-jia Jiang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun Xia
- Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuo-jun Han
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi-xuan Hu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Pozdeyev N, Dighe M, Barrio M, Raeburn C, Smith H, Fisher M, Chavan S, Rafaels N, Shortt JA, Lin M, Leu MG, Clark T, Marshall C, Haugen BR, Subramanian D, Crooks K, Gignoux C, Cohen T. Thyroid Cancer Polygenic Risk Score Improves Classification of Thyroid Nodules as Benign or Malignant. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:402-412. [PMID: 37683082 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Thyroid nodule ultrasound-based risk stratification schemas rely on the presence of high-risk sonographic features. However, some malignant thyroid nodules have benign appearance on thyroid ultrasound. New methods for thyroid nodule risk assessment are needed. OBJECTIVE We investigated polygenic risk score (PRS) accounting for inherited thyroid cancer risk combined with ultrasound-based analysis for improved thyroid nodule risk assessment. METHODS The convolutional neural network classifier was trained on thyroid ultrasound still images and cine clips from 621 thyroid nodules. Phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) and PRS PheWAS were used to optimize PRS for distinguishing benign and malignant nodules. PRS was evaluated in 73 346 participants in the Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine Biobank. RESULTS When the deep learning model output was combined with thyroid cancer PRS and genetic ancestry estimates, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of the benign vs malignant thyroid nodule classifier increased from 0.83 to 0.89 (DeLong, P value = .007). The combined deep learning and genetic classifier achieved a clinically relevant sensitivity of 0.95, 95% CI [0.88-0.99], specificity of 0.63 [0.55-0.70], and positive and negative predictive values of 0.47 [0.41-0.58] and 0.97 [0.92-0.99], respectively. AUROC improvement was consistent in European ancestry-stratified analysis (0.83 and 0.87 for deep learning and deep learning combined with PRS classifiers, respectively). Elevated PRS was associated with a greater risk of thyroid cancer structural disease recurrence (ordinal logistic regression, P value = .002). CONCLUSION Augmenting ultrasound-based risk assessment with PRS improves diagnostic accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Pozdeyev
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Division of Endocrinology Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Manjiri Dighe
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Martin Barrio
- Division of GI, Trauma, and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Christopher Raeburn
- Division of GI, Trauma, and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Harry Smith
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Matthew Fisher
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sameer Chavan
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Nicholas Rafaels
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jonathan A Shortt
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Meng Lin
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Michael G Leu
- Information Technology Services, UW Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Toshimasa Clark
- Department of Radiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Carrie Marshall
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Bryan R Haugen
- Division of Endocrinology Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | | | - Kristy Crooks
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Christopher Gignoux
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Trevor Cohen
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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Wang JR, Zafereo ME, Wang W, Joshu C, Ray D. Association of Polygenic Score With Tumor Molecular Subtypes in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 109:e306-e313. [PMID: 37453101 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Genome-wide association studies have identified germline variants associated with elevated PTC risk. It is also known that somatic driver mutations contribute to PTC development and as such PTCs can be further categorized into different molecular subtypes based on their somatic alterations. However, it remains unknown whether identified germline variants predictive of PTC risk are associated with specific molecular subtypes. OBJECTIVE The primary goal of the present study is to determine whether germline genetic risk, as assessed using a polygenic score (PGS) is associated with molecular subtypes of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), defined based on tumor driver mutation status. METHODS This study was carried out using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) thyroid cancer study. A previously validated 10-single-nucleotide variation PGS for PTC derived from genome-wide association study hits was calculated to ascertain germline genetic risk. The primary molecular subtypes of interest were defined by tumor driver mutation status (BRAFV600E-mutated vs RAS-mutated vs "other"). We also explored associations between PGS and molecular subtypes defined by messenger RNA (mRNA) expression, microRNA expression, and DNA methylation patterns. Polytomous logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between PGS and PTC molecular subtype with and without adjustment for clinical variables. Odds ratios (ORs) with their 95% CIs were estimated. RESULTS A total of 359 patients were included in the study. PGS was significantly associated specific tumor molecular subtypes defined by tumor driver mutation status. Increasing germline risk was associated with having a higher odd of BRAFV600E-mutated PTC compared to PTCs without driver mutations in the "other" category. No significant difference was detected in terms of PGS tumor categorization in the RAS subtype compared to BRAFV600E. In exploratory analyses, PGS was also associated with mRNA-, microRNA-, and DNA methylation-defined molecular subtypes, as defined by the TCGA PTC study. CONCLUSION PGS has molecular subtype-specific associations in PTC, which has implications for their use in risk prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Mark E Zafereo
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wenyi Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Corinne Joshu
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Debashree Ray
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Gunjača I, Benzon B, Pleić N, Babić Leko M, Pešutić Pisac V, Barić A, Kaličanin D, Punda A, Polašek O, Vukojević K, Zemunik T. Role of ST6GAL1 in Thyroid Cancers: Insights from Tissue Analysis and Genomic Datasets. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16334. [PMID: 38003522 PMCID: PMC10671354 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the predominant endocrine-related malignancy. ST6 β-galactoside α2,6-sialyltransferase 1 (ST6GAL1) has been studied in various types of cancers; however, the expression and function of ST6GAL1 in thyroid cancer has not been investigated so far. Previously, we conducted two genome-wide association studies and have identified the association of the ST6GAL1 gene with plasma thyroglobulin (Tg) levels. Since Tg levels are altered in thyroid pathologies, in the current study, we wanted to evaluate the expression of ST6GAL1 in thyroid cancer tissues. We performed an immunohistochemical analysis using human thyroid tissue from 89 patients and analyzed ST6GAL1 protein expression in papillary thyroid cancer (including follicular variant and microcarcinoma) and follicular thyroid cancer in comparison to normal thyroid tissue. Additionally, ST6GAL1 mRNA levels from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA, n = 572) and the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project (n = 279) were examined. The immunohistochemical analysis revealed higher ST6GAL1 protein expression in all thyroid tumors compared to normal thyroid tissue. TCGA data revealed increased ST6GAL1 mRNA levels in both primary and metastatic tumors versus controls. Notably, the follicular variant of papillary thyroid cancer exhibited significantly higher ST6GAL1 mRNA levels than classic papillary thyroid cancer. High ST6GAL1 mRNA levels significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis status, clinical stage, and reduced survival rate. ST6GAL1 emerges as a potential cancer-associated glycosyltransferase in thyroid malignancies, offering valuable insights into its diagnostic and prognostic significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Gunjača
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.P.); (M.B.L.); (D.K.)
| | - Benjamin Benzon
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (B.B.); (K.V.)
| | - Nikolina Pleić
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.P.); (M.B.L.); (D.K.)
| | - Mirjana Babić Leko
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.P.); (M.B.L.); (D.K.)
| | - Valdi Pešutić Pisac
- Clinical Department of Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Cytology, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Ana Barić
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (A.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Dean Kaličanin
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.P.); (M.B.L.); (D.K.)
| | - Ante Punda
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (A.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Ozren Polašek
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Katarina Vukojević
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (B.B.); (K.V.)
| | - Tatijana Zemunik
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.P.); (M.B.L.); (D.K.)
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Bu R, Siraj AK, Azam S, Iqbal K, Qadri Z, Al-Rasheed M, Al-Sobhi SS, Al-Dayel F, Al-Kuraya KS. Whole Exome-Wide Association Identifies Rare Variants in GALNT9 Associated with Middle Eastern Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Risk. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4235. [PMID: 37686511 PMCID: PMC10486701 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the commonest thyroid cancer. The majority of inherited causes of PTC remain elusive. However, understanding the genetic underpinnings and origins remains a challenging endeavor. An exome-wide association study was performed to identify rare germline variants in coding regions associated with PTC risk in the Middle Eastern population. By analyzing exome-sequencing data from 249 PTC patients (cases) and 1395 individuals without any known cancer (controls), GALNT9 emerged as being strongly associated with rare inactivating variants (RIVs) (4/249 cases vs. 1/1395 controls, OR = 22.75, p = 5.09 × 10-5). Furthermore, three genes, TRIM40, ARHGAP23, and SOX4, were enriched for rare damaging variants (RDVs) at the exome-wide threshold (p < 2.5 × 10-6). An additional seven genes (VARS1, ZBED9, PRRC2A, VWA7, TRIM31, TRIM40, and COL8A2) were associated with a Middle Eastern PTC risk based on the sequence kernel association test (SKAT). This study underscores the potential of GALNT9 and other implicated genes in PTC predisposition, illuminating the need for large collaborations and innovative approaches to understand the genetic heterogeneity of PTC predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Bu
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (R.B.); (A.K.S.); (S.A.); (K.I.); (Z.Q.); (M.A.-R.)
| | - Abdul K. Siraj
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (R.B.); (A.K.S.); (S.A.); (K.I.); (Z.Q.); (M.A.-R.)
| | - Saud Azam
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (R.B.); (A.K.S.); (S.A.); (K.I.); (Z.Q.); (M.A.-R.)
| | - Kaleem Iqbal
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (R.B.); (A.K.S.); (S.A.); (K.I.); (Z.Q.); (M.A.-R.)
| | - Zeeshan Qadri
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (R.B.); (A.K.S.); (S.A.); (K.I.); (Z.Q.); (M.A.-R.)
| | - Maha Al-Rasheed
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (R.B.); (A.K.S.); (S.A.); (K.I.); (Z.Q.); (M.A.-R.)
| | - Saif S. Al-Sobhi
- Department of Surgery, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fouad Al-Dayel
- Department of Pathology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Khawla S. Al-Kuraya
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (R.B.); (A.K.S.); (S.A.); (K.I.); (Z.Q.); (M.A.-R.)
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Corpas M, Megy K, Metastasio A, Lehmann E. Implementation of individualised polygenic risk score analysis: a test case of a family of four. BMC Med Genomics 2022; 15:207. [PMID: 36192731 PMCID: PMC9531350 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-022-01331-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Polygenic risk scores (PRS) have been widely applied in research studies, showing how population groups can be stratified into risk categories for many common conditions. As healthcare systems consider applying PRS to keep their populations healthy, little work has been carried out demonstrating their implementation at an individual level. Case presentation We performed a systematic curation of PRS sources from established data repositories, selecting 15 phenotypes, comprising an excess of 37 million SNPs related to cancer, cardiovascular, metabolic and autoimmune diseases. We tested selected phenotypes using whole genome sequencing data for a family of four related individuals. Individual risk scores were given percentile values based upon reference distributions among 1000 Genomes Iberians, Europeans, or all samples. Over 96 billion allele effects were calculated in order to obtain the PRS for each of the individuals analysed here. Conclusions Our results highlight the need for further standardisation in the way PRS are developed and shared, the importance of individual risk assessment rather than the assumption of inherited averages, and the challenges currently posed when translating PRS into risk metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Corpas
- Cambridge Precision Medicine Limited, ideaSpace, University of Cambridge Biomedical Innovation Hub, Cambridge, UK. .,Institute of Continuing Education, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. .,Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Karyn Megy
- Cambridge Precision Medicine Limited, ideaSpace, University of Cambridge Biomedical Innovation Hub, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge & NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, UK
| | - Antonio Metastasio
- Cambridge Precision Medicine Limited, ideaSpace, University of Cambridge Biomedical Innovation Hub, Cambridge, UK.,Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Edmund Lehmann
- Cambridge Precision Medicine Limited, ideaSpace, University of Cambridge Biomedical Innovation Hub, Cambridge, UK
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Kamani T, Charkhchi P, Zahedi A, Akbari MR. Genetic susceptibility to hereditary non-medullary thyroid cancer. Hered Cancer Clin Pract 2022; 20:9. [PMID: 35255942 PMCID: PMC8900298 DOI: 10.1186/s13053-022-00215-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-medullary thyroid cancer (NMTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer. With the increasing incidence of NMTC in recent years, the familial form of the disease has also become more common than previously reported, accounting for 5-15% of NMTC cases. Familial NMTC is further classified as non-syndromic and the less common syndromic FNMTC. Although syndromic NMTC has well-known genetic risk factors, the gene(s) responsible for the vast majority of non-syndromic FNMTC cases are yet to be identified. To date, several candidate genes have been identified as susceptibility genes in hereditary NMTC. This review summarizes genetic predisposition to non-medullary thyroid cancer and expands on the role of genetic variants in thyroid cancer tumorigenesis and the level of penetrance of NMTC-susceptibility genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Kamani
- Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, 76 Grenville St. Room 6421, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada
| | - Parsa Charkhchi
- Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, 76 Grenville St. Room 6421, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada
| | - Afshan Zahedi
- Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, 76 Grenville St. Room 6421, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada
| | - Mohammad R Akbari
- Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, 76 Grenville St. Room 6421, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada. .,Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada. .,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada.
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Nosé V, Gill A, Teijeiro JMC, Perren A, Erickson L. Overview of the 2022 WHO Classification of Familial Endocrine Tumor Syndromes. Endocr Pathol 2022; 33:197-227. [PMID: 35285003 DOI: 10.1007/s12022-022-09705-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This review of the familial tumor syndromes involving the endocrine organs is focused on discussing the main updates on the upcoming fifth edition of the WHO Classification of Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Tumors. This review emphasizes updates on histopathological and molecular genetics aspects of the most important syndromes involving the endocrine organs. We describe the newly defined Familial Cancer Syndromes as MAFA-related, MEN4, and MEN5 as well as the newly reported pathological findings in DICER1 syndrome. We also describe the updates done at the new WHO on the syndromic and non-syndromic familial thyroid diseases. We emphasize the problem of diagnostic criteria, mention the new genes that are possibly involved in this group, and at the same time, touching upon the role of some immunohistochemical studies that could support the diagnosis of some of these conditions. As pathologists play an important role in identifying tumors within a familial cancer syndrome, we highlight the most important clues for raising the suspicious of a syndrome. Finally, we highlight the challenges in defining these entities as well as determining their clinical outcome in comparison with sporadic tumors. Instead of the usual subject review, we present the highlights of the updates on familial cancer syndromes by answering select questions relevant to practicing pathologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vania Nosé
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| | | | - José Manuel Cameselle Teijeiro
- Clinical University Hospital Santiago de Compostela and Medical Faculty, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Aurel Perren
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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9
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de Mello LEB, Carneiro TNR, Araujo AN, Alves CX, Galante PAF, Buzatto VC, das Graças de Almeida M, Vermeulen-Serpa KM, de Lima Vale SH, José de Pinto Paiva F, Brandão-Neto J, Cerutti JM. Identification of NID1 as a novel candidate susceptibility gene for familial non-medullary thyroid carcinoma using whole-exome sequencing. Endocr Connect 2022; 11:EC-21-0406.R2. [PMID: 34941562 PMCID: PMC8859953 DOI: 10.1530/ec-21-0406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The genetics underlying non-syndromic familial non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (FNMTC) is still poorly understood. To identify susceptibility genes for FNMTC, we performed whole-exome sequencing (WES) in a Brazilian family affected by papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in three consecutive generations. WES was performed in four affected and two unaffected family members. Manual inspection in over 100 previously reported susceptibility genes for FNMTC showed that no variants in known genes co-segregated with disease phenotype in this family. Novel candidate genes were investigated using PhenoDB and filtered using Genome Aggregation (gnomAD) and Online Archive of Brazilian Mutations (ABraOM) population databases. The missense variant p.Ile657Met in the NID1 gene was the only variant that co-segregated with the disease, while absent in unaffected family members and controls. The allele frequency for this variant was <0.0001 in the gnomAD and ABbraOM databases. In silico analysis predicted the variant to be deleterious or likely damaging to the protein function. Somatic mutations in NID1 gene were found in nearly 500 cases of different cancer subtypes in the intOGen platform. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed NID1 expression in PTC cells, while it was absent in normal thyroid tissue. Our findings were corroborated using data from the TCGA cohort. Moreover, higher expression of NID1 was associated with higher likelihood of relapse after treatment and N1b disease in PTCs from the TCGA cohort. Although replication studies are needed to better understand the role of this variant in the FNMTC susceptibility, the NID1 variant (c.1971T>G) identified in this study fulfills several criteria that suggest it as a new FNMTC predisposing gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Eduardo Barbalho de Mello
- Genetic Bases of Thyroid Tumors Laboratory, Division of Genetics, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Thaise Nayane Ribeiro Carneiro
- Genetic Bases of Thyroid Tumors Laboratory, Division of Genetics, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline Neves Araujo
- Genetic Bases of Thyroid Tumors Laboratory, Division of Genetics, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Xavier Alves
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria das Graças de Almeida
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Karina Marques Vermeulen-Serpa
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Sancha Helena de Lima Vale
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Fernando José de Pinto Paiva
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - José Brandão-Neto
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Janete Maria Cerutti
- Genetic Bases of Thyroid Tumors Laboratory, Division of Genetics, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Correspondence should be addressed to J M Cerutti:
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10
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Sánchez-Ares M, Cameselle-García S, Abdulkader-Nallib I, Rodríguez-Carnero G, Beiras-Sarasquete C, Puñal-Rodríguez JA, Cameselle-Teijeiro JM. Susceptibility Genes and Chromosomal Regions Associated With Non-Syndromic Familial Non-Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: Some Pathogenetic and Diagnostic Keys. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:829103. [PMID: 35295987 PMCID: PMC8918666 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.829103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the malignant tumor that is increasing most rapidly in the world, mainly at the expense of sporadic papillary thyroid carcinoma. The somatic alterations involved in the pathogenesis of sporadic follicular cell derived tumors are well recognized, while the predisposing alterations implicated in hereditary follicular tumors are less well known. Since the genetic background of syndromic familial non-medullary carcinoma has been well established, here we review the pathogenesis of non-syndromic familial non-medullary carcinoma emphasizing those aspects that may be useful in clinical and pathological diagnosis. Non-syndromic familial non-medullary carcinoma has a complex and heterogeneous genetic basis involving several genes and loci with a monogenic or polygenic inheritance model. Most cases are papillary thyroid carcinoma (classic and follicular variant), usually accompanied by benign thyroid nodules (follicular thyroid adenoma and/or multinodular goiter). The possible diagnostic and prognostic usefulness of the changes in the expression and/or translocation of various proteins secondary to several mutations reported in this setting requires further confirmation. Given that non-syndromic familial non-medullary carcinoma and sporadic non-medullary thyroid carcinoma share the same morphology and somatic mutations, the same targeted therapies could be used at present, if necessary, until more specific targeted treatments become available.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Sánchez-Ares
- Department of Pathology, Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Galician Healthcare Service (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Soledad Cameselle-García
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Complex of Ourense, Galician Healthcare Service (SERGAS), Ourense, Spain
| | - Ihab Abdulkader-Nallib
- Department of Pathology, Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Galician Healthcare Service (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- School of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Gemma Rodríguez-Carnero
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Galician Healthcare Service (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carolina Beiras-Sarasquete
- Department of Surgery, Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Galician Healthcare Service (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Antonio Puñal-Rodríguez
- School of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Galician Healthcare Service (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Manuel Cameselle-Teijeiro
- Department of Pathology, Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Galician Healthcare Service (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- School of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- *Correspondence: José Manuel Cameselle-Teijeiro,
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11
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Hao R, Han P, Zhang L, Bi Y, Yan J, Li H, Bai Y, Xu C, Li B, Li H. Genetic polymorphisms in the PCNXL2 gene are risk factors for thyroid cancer in the Chinese population. Future Oncol 2021; 17:4677-4686. [PMID: 34747634 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2021-0748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy and the fastest growing cancer worldwide. Thyroid cancer has the largest genetic component of all cancers. Previous genome-wide association studies indicated that genetic polymorphism in PCNXL2 is related to thyroid cancer susceptibility in European populations. This study aims to determine the influence of PCNXL2 polymorphisms on thyroid cancer risk in Chinese individuals. Methods: This case-control study identified four polymorphisms in PCNXL2 among 510 thyroid cancer cases and 509 healthy controls. The associations of PCNXL2 polymorphisms with thyroid cancer susceptibility were detected by calculating odds ratios. Multifactor dimensionality reduction was performed to detect the impact of SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism)-SNP interactions on the risk of thyroid cancer. Results: The study showed that rs10910660 in PCNXL2 was related to thyroid cancer susceptibility. Rs12129938 played a protective role in thyroid cancer susceptibility. Stratification analysis indicated that rs10910660 increased thyroid cancer risk at age >45 years. Rs12129938 enhanced susceptibility to thyroid cancer at age >45 years, while this SNP decreased thyroid cancer risk at age ≤45 years. Rs4649295 was associated with lower susceptibility to thyroid cancer at age ≤45 years. An association was observed between rs6424270 and rs12129938 with decreased susceptibility to thyroid cancer in women. Rs10910660 was related to thyroid cancer risk in men. The combination of rs6424270, rs10910660, rs12129938 and rs4649295 was the best model to predict thyroid cancer. Conclusion: This study suggests that PCNXL2 polymorphisms are risk factors for thyroid cancer in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runmei Hao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peng Han
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ying Bi
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinfeng Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Honghui Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanxia Bai
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chongwen Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Baiya Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huajing Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
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12
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Song N, Liu Q, Wilson CL, Sapkota Y, Ehrhardt MJ, Gibson TM, Morton LM, Chanock SJ, Neglia JP, Arnold MA, Michael JR, Gout AM, Mulder HL, Easton J, Bhatia S, Armstrong GT, Zhang J, Delaney A, Hudson MM, Robison LL, Yasui Y, Wang Z. Polygenic Risk Score Improves Risk Stratification and Prediction of Subsequent Thyroid Cancer after Childhood Cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021; 30:2096-2104. [PMID: 34465587 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-0448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subsequent thyroid cancer (STC) is one of the most common malignancies in childhood cancer survivors. We aimed to evaluate the polygenic contributions to STC risk and potential utility in improving risk prediction. METHODS A polygenic risk score (PRS) was calculated from 12 independent SNPs associated with thyroid cancer risk in the general population. Associations between PRS and STC risk were evaluated among survivors from St. Jude Lifetime Cohort (SJLIFE) and were replicated in survivors from Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS). A risk prediction model integrating the PRS and clinical factors, initially developed in SJLIFE, and its performance were validated in CCSS. RESULTS Among 2,370 SJLIFE survivors with a median follow-up of 28.8 [interquartile range (IQR) = 21.9-36.1] years, 65 (2.7%) developed STC. Among them, the standardized PRS was associated with an increased rate of STC [relative rate (RR) = 1.57; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.24-1.98; P < 0.001]. Similar associations were replicated in 6,416 CCSS survivors, among whom 121 (1.9%) developed STC during median follow-up of 28.9 (IQR = 22.6-34.6) years (RR = 1.52; 95% CI = 1.25-1.83; P < 0.001). A risk prediction model integrating the PRS with clinical factors showed better performance than the model considering only clinical factors in SJLIFE (P = 0.004, AUC = 83.2% vs. 82.1%, at age 40), which was further validated in CCSS (P = 0.010, AUC = 72.9% vs. 70.6%). CONCLUSIONS Integration of the PRS with clinical factors provided a statistically significant improvement in risk prediction of STC, although the magnitude of improvement was modest. IMPACT PRS improves risk stratification and prediction of STC, suggesting its potential utility for optimizing screening strategies in survivorship care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Song
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.,College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of South Korea
| | - Qi Liu
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Yadav Sapkota
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - John Easton
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Smita Bhatia
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | - Jinghui Zhang
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Angela Delaney
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | | | - Yutaka Yasui
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Zhaoming Wang
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.
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13
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Truong T, Lesueur F, Sugier PE, Guibon J, Xhaard C, Karimi M, Kulkarni O, Lucotte EA, Bacq-Daian D, Boland-Auge A, Mulot C, Laurent-Puig P, Schvartz C, Guizard AV, Ren Y, Adjadj E, Rachédi F, Borson-Chazot F, Ortiz RM, Lence-Anta JJ, Pereda CM, Comiskey DF, He H, Liyanarachchi S, de la Chapelle A, Elisei R, Gemignani F, Thomsen H, Forsti A, Herzig AF, Leutenegger AL, Rubino C, Ostroumova E, Kesminiene A, Boutron-Ruault MC, Deleuze JF, Guénel P, de Vathaire F. Multiethnic genome-wide association study of differentiated thyroid cancer in the EPITHYR consortium. Int J Cancer 2021; 148:2935-2946. [PMID: 33527407 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Incidence of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) varies considerably between ethnic groups, with particularly high incidence rates in Pacific Islanders. DTC is one of the cancers with the highest familial risk suggesting a major role of genetic risk factors, but only few susceptibility loci were identified so far. In order to assess the contribution of known DTC susceptibility loci and to identify new ones, we conducted a multiethnic genome-wide association study (GWAS) in individuals of European ancestry and of Oceanian ancestry from Pacific Islands. Our study included 1554 cases/1973 controls of European ancestry and 301 cases/348 controls of Oceanian ancestry from seven population-based case-control studies participating to the EPITHYR consortium. All participants were genotyped using the OncoArray-500K Beadchip (Illumina). We confirmed the association with the known DTC susceptibility loci at 2q35, 8p12, 9q22.33 and 14q13.3 in the European ancestry population and suggested two novel signals at 1p31.3 and 16q23.2, which were associated with thyroid-stimulating hormone levels in previous GWAS. We additionally replicated an association with 5p15.33 reported previously in Chinese and European populations. Except at 1p31.3, all associations were in the same direction in the population of Oceanian ancestry. We also observed that the frequencies of risk alleles at 2q35, 5p15.33 and 16q23.2 were significantly higher in Oceanians than in Europeans. However, additional GWAS and epidemiological studies in Oceanian populations are needed to fully understand the highest incidence observed in these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thérèse Truong
- University Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, CESP, Team "Exposome and Heredity", Villejuif, France
| | - Fabienne Lesueur
- Inserm, U900, Institut Curie, PSL University, Mines ParisTech, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Sugier
- University Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, CESP, Team "Exposome and Heredity", Villejuif, France
| | - Julie Guibon
- University Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, CESP, Team "Exposome and Heredity", Villejuif, France
- Inserm, U900, Institut Curie, PSL University, Mines ParisTech, Paris, France
| | - Constance Xhaard
- University Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, CESP, Team "Epidemiology of radiations", Villejuif, France
- University of Lorraine, INSERM CIC 1433, Nancy CHRU, Inserm U1116, FCRIN, INI-CRCT, Nancy, France
| | - Mojgan Karimi
- University Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, CESP, Team "Exposome and Heredity", Villejuif, France
| | - Om Kulkarni
- Inserm, U900, Institut Curie, PSL University, Mines ParisTech, Paris, France
| | - Elise A Lucotte
- University Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, CESP, Team "Exposome and Heredity", Villejuif, France
| | - Delphine Bacq-Daian
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Evry, France
| | - Anne Boland-Auge
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Evry, France
| | - Claire Mulot
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, EPIGENETEC, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Laurent-Puig
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, EPIGENETEC, Paris, France
| | - Claire Schvartz
- Registre des Cancers Thyroïdiens, Institut GODINOT, Reims, France
| | - Anne-Valérie Guizard
- Registre Général des tumeurs du Calvados, Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France
- Inserm U1086 -UCN "ANTICIPE", Caen, France
| | - Yan Ren
- University Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, CESP, Team "Epidemiology of radiations", Villejuif, France
| | - Elisabeth Adjadj
- University Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, CESP, Team "Epidemiology of radiations", Villejuif, France
| | - Frédérique Rachédi
- Endocrinology Unit, Territorial Hospital Taaone, Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia
| | - Francoise Borson-Chazot
- Fédération d'endocrinologie, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, EA 7425, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | - Daniel F Comiskey
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Huiling He
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sandya Liyanarachchi
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Albert de la Chapelle
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | | | - Hauke Thomsen
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- GeneWerk GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Asta Forsti
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anthony F Herzig
- Inserm, U1078, GGB, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, EFS, Brest, France
| | | | - Carole Rubino
- University Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, CESP, Team "Epidemiology of radiations", Villejuif, France
| | | | | | | | - Jean-François Deleuze
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Evry, France
| | - Pascal Guénel
- University Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, CESP, Team "Exposome and Heredity", Villejuif, France
| | - Florent de Vathaire
- University Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, CESP, Team "Epidemiology of radiations", Villejuif, France
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14
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Cameselle-Teijeiro JM, Mete O, Asa SL, LiVolsi V. Inherited Follicular Epithelial-Derived Thyroid Carcinomas: From Molecular Biology to Histological Correlates. Endocr Pathol 2021; 32:77-101. [PMID: 33495912 PMCID: PMC7960606 DOI: 10.1007/s12022-020-09661-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer derived from thyroid follicular epithelial cells is common; it represents the most common endocrine malignancy. The molecular features of sporadic tumors have been clarified in the past decade. However the incidence of familial disease has not been emphasized and is often overlooked in routine practice. A careful clinical documentation of family history or familial syndromes that can be associated with thyroid disease can help identify germline susceptibility-driven thyroid neoplasia. In this review, we summarize a large body of information about both syndromic and non-syndromic familial thyroid carcinomas. A significant number of patients with inherited non-medullary thyroid carcinomas manifest disease that appears to be sporadic disease even in some syndromic cases. The cytomorphology of the tumor(s), molecular immunohistochemistry, the findings in the non-tumorous thyroid parenchyma and other associated lesions may provide insight into the underlying syndromic disorder. However, the increasing evidence of familial predisposition to non-syndromic thyroid cancers is raising questions about the importance of genetics and epigenetics. What appears to be "sporadic" is becoming less often truly so and more often an opportunity to identify and understand novel genetic variants that underlie tumorigenesis. Pathologists must be aware of the unusual morphologic features that should prompt germline screening. Therefore, recognition of harbingers of specific germline susceptibility syndromes can assist in providing information to facilitate early detection to prevent aggressive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Cameselle-Teijeiro
- Department of Pathology, Galician Healthcare Service (SERGAS), Clinical University Hospital, Travesía Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Medical Faculty, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Ozgur Mete
- Department of Pathology and Endocrine Oncology Site, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sylvia L Asa
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Virginia LiVolsi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelmann School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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15
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De Marco C, Zoppoli P, Rinaldo N, Morganella S, Morello M, Zuccalà V, Carriero MV, Malanga D, Chirillo R, Bruni P, Malzoni C, Di Vizio D, Venturella R, Zullo F, Rizzuto A, Ceccarelli M, Ciliberto G, Viglietto G. Genome-wide analysis of copy number alterations led to the characterisation of PDCD10 as oncogene in ovarian cancer. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101013. [PMID: 33516089 PMCID: PMC7846933 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We have identified 201 altered chromosomal bands and 3300 altered genes in human ovarian cancer samples. The gene encoding for PDCD10 was selected for further studies. PDCD10 was found to be over-expressed in primary cancer samples and in the corresponding metastatic lesions. High PDCD10 expression correlates with grade, nodal involvement or advanced FIGO stage. PDCD10 is involved in the control of cell growth and motility in vitro as well as tumorigenicity in vivo.
Copy Number Alterations (CNAs) represent the most common genetic alterations identified in ovarian cancer cells, being responsible for the extensive genomic instability observed in this cancer. Here we report the identification of CNAs in a cohort of Italian patients affected by ovarian cancer performed by SNP-based array. Our analysis allowed the identification of 201 significantly altered chromosomal bands (70 copy number gains; 131 copy number losses). The 3300 genes subjected to CNA identified here were compared to those present in the TCGA dataset. The analysis allowed the identification of 11 genes with increased CN and mRNA expression (PDCD10, EBAG9, NUDCD1, ENY2, CSNK2A1, TBC1D20, ZCCHC3, STARD3, C19orf12, POP4, UQCRFS1). PDCD10 was selected for further studies because of the highest frequency of CNA. PDCD10 was found, by immunostaining of three different Tissue Micro Arrays, to be over-expressed in the majority of ovarian primary cancer samples and in metastatic lesions. Moreover, significant correlations were found in specific subsets of patients, between increased PDCD10 expression and grade (p < 0.005), nodal involvement (p < 0.05) or advanced FIGO stage (p < 0.01). Finally, manipulation of PDCD10 expression by shRNA in ovarian cancer cells (OVCAR-5 and OVCA429) demonstrated a positive role for PDCD10 in the control of cell growth and motility in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo. In conclusion, this study allowed the identification of novel genes subjected to copy number alterations in ovarian cancer. In particular, the results reported here point to a prominent role of PDCD10 as a bona fide oncogene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmela De Marco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Graecia", University Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Pietro Zoppoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Graecia", University Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicola Rinaldo
- Biogem Scarl, Institute for Genetic Research "G. Salvatore", Ariano Irpino (AV), Italy
| | - Sandro Morganella
- Biogem Scarl, Institute for Genetic Research "G. Salvatore", Ariano Irpino (AV), Italy
| | - Matteo Morello
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (CA), USA
| | - Valeria Zuccalà
- Pathology Unit, "Pugliese-Ciaccio" Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Donatella Malanga
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Graecia", University Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Roberta Chirillo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Graecia", University Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Paola Bruni
- Casa di Cura "Malzoni-Villa dei Platani", Avellino, Italy
| | | | - Dolores Di Vizio
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (CA), USA
| | - Roberta Venturella
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Fulvio Zullo
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonia Rizzuto
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Michele Ceccarelli
- Biogem Scarl, Institute for Genetic Research "G. Salvatore", Ariano Irpino (AV), Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Viglietto
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Graecia", University Catanzaro, Italy.
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16
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Comiskey DF, He H, Liyanarachchi S, Sheikh MS, Hendrickson IV, Yu L, Brock PL, de la Chapelle A. Characterizing the function of EPB41L4A in the predisposition to papillary thyroid carcinoma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19984. [PMID: 33203992 PMCID: PMC7672090 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76606-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common histotype of thyroid carcinoma. The heritability of PTC is high compared to other cancers, but its underlying causes are unknown. A recent genome-wide association study revealed the association of a variant at the 5q22 locus, rs73227498, with PTC predisposition. We report that rs17134155, a variant in high linkage disequilibrium with rs73227498, is located in an enhancer region downstream of coding transcripts of EPB41L4A. Rs17134155 showed significant enhancer activity in luciferase assays, and haplotypes containing the protective allele of this variant conferred a significantly lower risk of PTC. While the index SNP, rs73227498, acted as a significant cis-eQTL for expression of EPB41L4A, rs17134155 was a significant cis-sQTL for the alternative splicing of a non-coding transcript of EPB41L4A, called EPB41L4A-203. We also performed knockdown of EPB41L4A followed by microarray analysis. Some of the top differentially-expressed genes were represented among regulators of the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway. Our results indicate that an enhancer region at 5q22 regulates the expression and splicing of EPB41L4A transcripts. We also provide evidence that EPB41L4A expression is involved in regulating growth and differentiation pathways, suggesting that decreased expression of EPB41L4A is a mechanism in the predisposition to PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F Comiskey
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 804 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Huiling He
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 804 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Sandya Liyanarachchi
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 804 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Mehek S Sheikh
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 804 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Isabella V Hendrickson
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 804 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Lianbo Yu
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Pamela L Brock
- Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Albert de la Chapelle
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 804 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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Ferrari SM, Fallahi P, Elia G, Ragusa F, Ruffilli I, Paparo SR, Antonelli A. Thyroid autoimmune disorders and cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 64:135-146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Fallahi P, Ferrari SM, Elia G, Ragusa F, Patrizio A, Paparo SR, Marone G, Galdiero MR, Guglielmi G, Foddis R, Cristaudo A, Antonelli A. Primary cell cultures for the personalized therapy in aggressive thyroid cancer of follicular origin. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 79:203-216. [PMID: 32569821 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most prevalent endocrine malignancy. More than 90 % of TC is represented by differentiated TC (DTC) arising from the follicular thyroid cells. DTC includes papillary TC (PTC), follicular TC (FTC), and Hürthle cell TC. Anaplastic TC (ATC) accounts for 1% of TC, and it represents 15-40 % of TC death. Current treatment strategies are not completely effective against aggressive DTC or ATC, and mortality is one of the most important challenges. Recently, progresses have been obtained in the understanding of the molecular/genetic basis of TC progression, and new drugs have been introduced [i.e. tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs)], able to block the oncogenic or signaling kinases, associated with cellular growth. Thyroid cell lines, obtained from tumoral cells and chosen for high proliferation in vitro, have been used as preclinical models. Actually, these cells lose the characteristic features of the primary tumor, because they adapt to in vitro growth conditions. For these reasons, the use of these cell lines has important limitations, and more recently human primary cell cultures have been established as monolayer cultures, and investigated for their biological behavior. Moreover, in the past, primary TC cells could be collected only through surgical biopsies, while recently human primary cell cultures can be established also from samples of fine-needle aspiration citology from aggressive dedifferentiated DTC or ATC. Testing in vitro different TKIs in each patient can help to develop new personalized treatments, without using ineffective drugs. In conclusion, personalized medicine and precise oncology, which consider both patients and their disease features, represent the future of the treatment approach, and further progress is needed in this direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poupak Fallahi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Giusy Elia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Ragusa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Armando Patrizio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Gianni Marone
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; World Allergy Organization Center of Excellence, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "Gaetano Salvatore", National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Galdiero
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; World Allergy Organization Center of Excellence, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "Gaetano Salvatore", National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy; Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Guglielmi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rudy Foddis
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alfonso Cristaudo
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Antonelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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19
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Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified at least 10 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) risk. Most of these SNPs are common variants with small to moderate effect sizes. Here we assessed the combined genetic effects of these variants on PTC risk by using summarized GWAS results to build polygenic risk score (PRS) models in three PTC study groups from Ohio (1,544 patients and 1,593 controls), Iceland (723 patients and 129,556 controls), and the United Kingdom (534 patients and 407,945 controls). A PRS based on the 10 established PTC SNPs showed a stronger predictive power compared with the clinical factors model, with a minimum increase of area under the receiver-operating curve of 5.4 percentage points (P ≤ 1.0 × 10-9). Adding an extended PRS based on 592,475 common variants did not significantly improve the prediction power compared with the 10-SNP model, suggesting that most of the remaining undiscovered genetic risk in thyroid cancer is due to rare, moderate- to high-penetrance variants rather than to common low-penetrance variants. Based on the 10-SNP PRS, individuals in the top decile group of PRSs have a close to sevenfold greater risk (95% CI, 5.4-8.8) compared with the bottom decile group. In conclusion, PRSs based on a small number of common germline variants emphasize the importance of heritable low-penetrance markers in PTC.
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20
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Morillo-Bernal J, Fernández LP, Santisteban P. FOXE1 regulates migration and invasion in thyroid cancer cells and targets ZEB1. Endocr Relat Cancer 2020; 27:137-151. [PMID: 31846430 PMCID: PMC6993207 DOI: 10.1530/erc-19-0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
FOXE1 is a thyroid-specific transcription factor essential for thyroid gland development and maintenance of the differentiated state. Interestingly, a strong association has been recently described between FOXE1 expression and susceptibility to thyroid cancer, but little is known about the mechanisms underlying FOXE1-induced thyroid tumorigenesis. Here, we used a panel of human thyroid cancer-derived cell lines covering the spectrum of thyroid cancer phenotypes to examine FOXE1 expression and to test for correlations between FOXE1 expression, the allele frequency of two SNPs and a length polymorphism in or near the FOXE1 locus associated with cancer susceptibility, and the migration ability of thyroid cancer cell lines. Results showed that FOXE1 expression correlated with differentiation status according to histological sub-type, but not with SNP genotype or cell migration ability. However, loss-and-gain-of-function experiments revealed that FOXE1 modulates cell migration, suggesting a role in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Our previous genome-wide expression analysis identified Zeb1, a major EMT inducer, as a putative Foxe1 target gene. Indeed, gene silencing of FOXE1 decreased ZEB1 expression, whereas its overexpression increased ZEB1 transcriptional activity. FOXE1 was found to directly interact with the ZEB1 promoter. Lastly, ZEB1 silencing decreased the ability of thyroid tumoral cells to migrate and invade, pointing to its importance in thyroid tumor mestastases. In conclusion, we have identified ZEB1 as a bona fide target of FOXE1 in thyroid cancer cells, which provides new insights into the role of FOXE1 in regulating cell migration and invasion in thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Morillo-Bernal
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas, and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lara P Fernández
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas, and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Group, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Santisteban
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas, and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence should be addressed to P Santisteban:
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21
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Mussazhanova Z, Rogounovitch TI, Saenko VA, Krykpayeva A, Espenbetova M, Azizov B, Kondo H, Matsuda K, Kalmatayeva Z, Issayeva R, Yeleubayeva Z, Madiyeva M, Mukanova A, Sandybayev M, Bolsynbekova S, Kozykenova Z, Yamashita S, Nakashima M. The Contribution of Genetic Variants to the Risk of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in the Kazakh Population: Study of Common Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Their Clinicopathological Correlations. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:543500. [PMID: 33551988 PMCID: PMC7862756 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.543500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Risk for developing papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), the most common endocrine malignancy, is thought to be mediated by lifestyle, environmental exposures and genetic factors. Recent progress in the genome-wide association studies of thyroid cancer leads to the identification of several genetic variants conferring risk to this malignancy across different ethnicities. We set out to elucidate the impact of selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on PTC risk and to evaluate clinicopathological correlations of these genetic variants in the Kazakh population for the first time. METHODS Eight SNPs were genotyped in 485 patients with PTC and 1,008 healthy control Kazakh subjects. The association analysis and multivariable modeling of PTC risk by the genetic factors, supplemented with rigorous statistical validation, were performed. RESULT Five of the eight SNPs: rs965513 (FOXE1/PTCSC2, P = 1.3E-16), rs1867277 (FOXE1 5'UTR, P = 7.5E-06), rs2439302 (NRG1 intron 1, P = 4.0E-05), rs944289 (PTCSC3/NKX2-1, P = 4.5E-06) and rs10136427 (BATF upstream, P = 9.8E-03) were significantly associated with PTC. rs966423 (DIRC3, P = 0.07) showed a suggestive association. rs7267944 (DHX35) was associated with PTC risk in males (P = 0.02), rs1867277 (FOXE1) conferred the higher risk in subjects older than 55 years (P = 7.0E-05), and rs6983267 (POU5F1B/CCAT2) was associated with pT3-T4 tumors (P = 0.01). The contribution of genetic component (unidirectional independent effects of rs965513, rs944289, rs2439302 and rs10136427 adjusted for age and sex) to PTC risk in the analyzed series was estimated to be 30-40%. CONCLUSION Genetic factors analyzed in the present work display significant association signals with PTC either on the whole group analysis or in particular clinicopathological groups and account for about one-third of the risk for PTC in the Kazakh population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanna Mussazhanova
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Care, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Tatiana I. Rogounovitch
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Vladimir A. Saenko
- Department of Radiation Molecular Epidemiology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- *Correspondence: Vladimir A. Saenko,
| | - Ainur Krykpayeva
- Department of Endocrinology, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Maira Espenbetova
- Department of Endocrinology, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Bauyrzhan Azizov
- Endovascular Laboratory of Training Hospital, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Hisayoshi Kondo
- Biostatics Section, Division of Scientific Data Registry, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Katsuya Matsuda
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Zhanna Kalmatayeva
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Care, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Raushan Issayeva
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Care, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhanar Yeleubayeva
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Care, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Center of Morphological Examination, Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Madina Madiyeva
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Aray Mukanova
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Marat Sandybayev
- Center of Nuclear Medicine and Oncology of Semey, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Zhanna Kozykenova
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Shunichi Yamashita
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakashima
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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22
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Li H, Duan N, Zhang Q, Shao Y. IL1A & IL1B genetic polymorphisms are risk factors for thyroid cancer in a Chinese Han population. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 76:105869. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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23
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Wang Y, Liyanarachchi S, Miller KE, Nieminen TT, Comiskey DF, Li W, Brock P, Symer DE, Akagi K, DeLap KE, He H, Koboldt DC, de la Chapelle A. Identification of Rare Variants Predisposing to Thyroid Cancer. Thyroid 2019; 29:946-955. [PMID: 30957677 PMCID: PMC6648188 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2018.0736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Familial non-medullary thyroid cancer (NMTC) accounts for a relatively small proportion of thyroid cancer cases, but it displays strong genetic predisposition. So far, only a few NMTC susceptible genes and low-penetrance variants contributing to NMTC have been described. This study aimed to identify rare germline variants that may predispose individuals to NMTC by sequencing a cohort of 17 NMTC families. Methods: Whole-genome sequencing and genome-wide linkage analysis were performed in 17 NMTC families. MendelScan and BasePlayer were applied to screen germline variants followed by customized filtering. The remaining candidate variants were subsequently validated by Sanger sequencing. A panel of 277 known cancer predisposition genes was also screened in these families. Results: A total of 41 rare coding candidate variants in 40 genes identified by whole-genome sequencing are reported, including 24 missense, five frameshift, five splice change, and seven nonsense variants. Sanger sequencing confirmed all 41 rare variants and proved their co-segregation with NMTC in the extended pedigrees. In silico functional analysis of the candidate genes using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis showed that cancer was the top category of "Diseases and Disorders." Additionally, a targeted search displayed six variants in known cancer predisposition genes, including one frameshift variant and five missense variants. Conclusions: The data identify rare germline variants that may play important roles in NMTC predisposition. It is proposed that in future research including functional characterization, these variants and genes be considered primary candidates for thyroid cancer predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiang Wang
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Sandya Liyanarachchi
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Katherine E. Miller
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Taina T. Nieminen
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Daniel F. Comiskey
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Wei Li
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Pamela Brock
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - David E. Symer
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Keiko Akagi
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Katherine E. DeLap
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Huiling He
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Daniel C. Koboldt
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Albert de la Chapelle
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Address correspondence to: Albert de la Chapelle, MD, PhD, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 804 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210
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24
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Hwangbo Y, Park YJ. Genome-Wide Association Studies of Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases, Thyroid Function, and Thyroid Cancer. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2018; 33:175-184. [PMID: 29947174 PMCID: PMC6021314 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2018.33.2.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid diseases, including autoimmune thyroid diseases and thyroid cancer, are known to have high heritability. Family and twin studies have indicated that genetics plays a major role in the development of thyroid diseases. Thyroid function, represented by thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (T4), is also known to be partly genetically determined. Before the era of genome-wide association studies (GWAS), the ability to identify genes responsible for susceptibility to thyroid disease was limited. Over the past decade, GWAS have been used to identify genes involved in many complex diseases, including various phenotypes of the thyroid gland. In GWAS of autoimmune thyroid diseases, many susceptibility loci associated with autoimmunity (human leukocyte antigen [HLA], protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 22 [PTPN22], cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 [CTLA4], and interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha [IL2RA]) or thyroid-specific genes (thyroid stimulating hormone receptor [TSHR] and forkhead box E1 [FOXE1]) have been identified. Regarding thyroid function, many susceptibility loci for levels of TSH and free T4 have been identified through genome-wide analyses. In GWAS of differentiated thyroid cancer, associations at FOXE1, MAP3K12 binding inhibitory protein 1 (MBIP)-NK2 homeobox 1 (NKX2-1), disrupted in renal carcinoma 3 (DIRC3), neuregulin 1 (NRG1), and pecanex-like 2 (PCNXL2) have been commonly identified in people of European and Korean ancestry, and many other susceptibility loci have been found in specific populations. Through GWAS of various thyroid-related phenotypes, many susceptibility loci have been found, providing insights into the pathogenesis of thyroid diseases and disease co-clustering within families and individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yul Hwangbo
- Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Young Joo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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25
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Saenko VA, Rogounovitch TI. Genetic Polymorphism Predisposing to Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Review of Major Findings of the Genome-Wide Association Studies. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2018; 33:164-174. [PMID: 29947173 PMCID: PMC6021315 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2018.33.2.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer has one of the highest hereditary component among human malignancies as seen in medical epidemiology investigations, suggesting the potential meaningfulness of genetic studies. Here we review researches into genetic variations that influence the chance of developing non-familial differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), focusing on the major findings of the genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). To date, eight GWAS have been performed, and the association of a number of SNPs have been reproduced in dozens of replication investigations across different ethnicities, including Korea and Japan. Despite the cumulative effect of the strongest SNPs demonstrates gradual increase in the risk for cancer and their association signals are statistically quite significant, the overall prediction ability for DTC appears to be very limited. Thus, genotyping of common SNPs only would be insufficient for evidence-based counseling in clinical setting at present. Further studies to include less significant and rare SNPs, non-SNP genetic information, gene-gene interactions, ethnicity, non-genetic and environmental factors, and development of more advanced computational algorithms are warranted to approach to personalized disease risk prediction and prognostication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir A Saenko
- Department of Radiation Molecular Epidemiology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Tatiana I Rogounovitch
- Department of Global Health, Medicine and Welfare, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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26
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Santos LS, Silva SN, Gil OM, Ferreira TC, Limbert E, Rueff J. Mismatch repair single nucleotide polymorphisms and thyroid cancer susceptibility. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:6715-6726. [PMID: 29616133 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine malignancy and its incidence continues to rise worldwide. Ionizing radiation exposure is the best established etiological factor. Heritability is high; however, despite valuable contribution from recent genome-wide association studies, the current understanding of genetic susceptibility to TC remains limited. Several studies suggest that altered function or expression of the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system may contribute to TC pathogenesis. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the potential role of a panel of MMR single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the individual susceptibility to well-differentiated TC (DTC). A case-control study was performed involving 106 DTC patients and 212 age- and gender-matched controls, who were all Caucasian Portuguese. Six SNPs present in distinct MMR genes (MLH1 rs1799977, MSH3 rs26279, MSH4 rs5745325, PMS1 rs5742933, MLH3 rs175080 and MSH6 rs1042821) were genotyped through TaqMan® assays and genotype-associated risk estimates were calculated. An increased risk was observed in MSH6 rs1042821 variant homozygotes [adjusted odds ratio (OR)=3.42, 95% CI: 1.04-11.24, P=0.04, under the co-dominant model; adjusted OR=3.84, 95% CI: 1.18-12.44, P=0.03, under the recessive model]. The association was especially evident for the follicular histotype and female sex. The association was also apparent when MSH6 was analysed in combination with other MMR SNPs such as MSH3 rs26279. Interestingly, two other SNP combinations, both containing the MSH6 heterozygous genotype, were associated with a risk reduction, suggesting a protective effect for these genotype combinations. These data support the idea that MMR SNPs such as MSH6 rs1042821, alone or in combination, may contribute to DTC susceptibility. This is coherent with the limited evidence available. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to validate these findings and to establish the usefulness of these SNPs as genetic susceptibility biomarkers for DTC so that, in the near future, cancer prevention policies may be optimized under a personalized medicine perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís S Santos
- Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), Genetics, Oncology and Human Toxicology, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal.,Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Health Sciences Institute (ICS), Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
| | - Susana N Silva
- Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), Genetics, Oncology and Human Toxicology, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Octávia M Gil
- Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), Genetics, Oncology and Human Toxicology, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal.,Center for Nuclear Sciences and Technologies (CTN), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Teresa C Ferreira
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa, 1099-023 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Edward Limbert
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa, 1099-023 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - José Rueff
- Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), Genetics, Oncology and Human Toxicology, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
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27
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Dos Santos ICC, Genre J, Marques D, da Silva AMG, Dos Santos JC, de Araújo JNG, Duarte VHR, Carracedo A, Torres-Español M, Bastos G, de Oliveira Ramos CC, Luchessi AD, Silbiger VN. A new panel of SNPs to assess thyroid carcinoma risk: a pilot study in a Brazilian admixture population. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2017; 18:140. [PMID: 29178884 PMCID: PMC5702224 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-017-0502-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid cancer is a common malignant disease of the endocrine system with increasing incidence rates over the last few decades. In this study, we sought to analyze the possible association of 45 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with thyroid cancer in a population from Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. METHODS Based on histological analysis by a pathologist, 80 normal thyroid specimens of tissue adjacent to thyroid tumors were obtained from the biobank at the Laboratory of Pathology of Liga Norte Riograndense Contra o Câncer, Natal, RN. Patient samples were then genotyped using the MassARRAY platform (Sequenon, Inc) followed by statistical analysis employing the SNPassoc package in R program. The genotypic frequencies of all 45 SNPs obtained from the International HapMap Project database and based on data from the ancestral populations of European and African origin were used to compose the control study group. RESULTS In our study, the following 9 SNPs showed significant differences in their frequency when comparing the study and control groups: rs3744962, rs258107, rs1461855, rs4075022, rs9943744, rs4075570, rs2356508, rs17485896, and rs2651339. Furthermore, the SNPs rs374492 C/T and rs258107 C/T were associated with a relative risk for thyroid carcinoma of 3.78 (p = 6.27 × 10e-5) and 2.91 (p = 8.27 × 10e-5), respectively, after Bonferroni's correction for multiple comparisons. CONCLUSIONS These nine polymorphisms could be potential biomarkers of predisposition to thyroid carcinoma in the population from Rio Grande do Norte. However, complementary studies including a control group with samples obtained from healthy subjects in Rio Grande do Norte state, should be conducted to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle C C Dos Santos
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rua General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias s/n, CEP 59012-570, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Julieta Genre
- Health Sciences Posgraduation Programme, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Diego Marques
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rua General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias s/n, CEP 59012-570, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Ananília M G da Silva
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rua General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias s/n, CEP 59012-570, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Jéssica C Dos Santos
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rua General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias s/n, CEP 59012-570, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Jéssica N G de Araújo
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rua General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias s/n, CEP 59012-570, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Victor H R Duarte
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rua General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias s/n, CEP 59012-570, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Angel Carracedo
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica-CIBERER-Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica. Servicio Galego de Saúde, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Centro Nacional de Genotipado, PRB2- ISCIII. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Torres-Español
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica-CIBERER-Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica. Servicio Galego de Saúde, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Centro Nacional de Genotipado, PRB2- ISCIII. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Gisele Bastos
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology of São Paulo University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - André D Luchessi
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rua General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias s/n, CEP 59012-570, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Vivian N Silbiger
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rua General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias s/n, CEP 59012-570, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
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28
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Son HY, Hwangbo Y, Yoo SK, Im SW, Yang SD, Kwak SJ, Park MS, Kwak SH, Cho SW, Ryu JS, Kim J, Jung YS, Kim TH, Kim SJ, Lee KE, Park DJ, Cho NH, Sung J, Seo JS, Lee EK, Park YJ, Kim JI. Genome-wide association and expression quantitative trait loci studies identify multiple susceptibility loci for thyroid cancer. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15966. [PMID: 28703219 PMCID: PMC5511346 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common cancer in Korea. Several susceptibility loci of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) were identified by previous genome-wide association studies (GWASs) in Europeans only. Here we conducted a GWAS and a replication study in Koreans using a total of 1,085 DTC cases and 8,884 controls, and validated these results using expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis and clinical phenotypes. The most robust associations were observed in the NRG1 gene (rs6996585, P=1.08 × 10-10) and this SNP was also associated with NRG1 expression in thyroid tissues. In addition, we confirmed three previously reported loci (FOXE1, NKX2-1 and DIRC3) and identified seven novel susceptibility loci (VAV3, PCNXL2, INSR, MRSB3, FHIT, SEPT11 and SLC24A6) associated with DTC. Furthermore, we identified specific variants of DTC that have different effects according to cancer type or ethnicity. Our findings provide deeper insight into the genetic contribution to thyroid cancer in different populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Young Son
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Yul Hwangbo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Keun Yoo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Wha Im
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - San Duk Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jung Kwak
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Seon Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program in Genetic Counseling, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Soo Heon Kwak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Wook Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Sun Ryu
- Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongseon Kim
- Molecular Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuh-Seog Jung
- Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Kim
- Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-jin Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Eun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Joon Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Han Cho
- Department of Preventive Medicine Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Joohon Sung
- Department of Epidemiology and Institute of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Seo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Lee
- Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Il Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
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29
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Ludwig KU, Böhmer AC, Bowes J, Nikolic M, Ishorst N, Wyatt N, Hammond NL, Gölz L, Thieme F, Barth S, Schuenke H, Klamt J, Spielmann M, Aldhorae K, Rojas-Martinez A, Nöthen MM, Rada-Iglesias A, Dixon MJ, Knapp M, Mangold E. Imputation of orofacial clefting data identifies novel risk loci and sheds light on the genetic background of cleft lip ± cleft palate and cleft palate only. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:829-842. [PMID: 28087736 PMCID: PMC5409059 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (nsCL/P) is among the most common human birth defects with multifactorial etiology. Here, we present results from a genome-wide imputation study of nsCL/P in which, after adding replication cohort data, four novel risk loci for nsCL/P are identified (at chromosomal regions 2p21, 14q22, 15q24 and 19p13). On a systematic level, we show that the association signals within this high-density dataset are enriched in functionally-relevant genomic regions that are active in both human neural crest cells (hNCC) and mouse embryonic craniofacial tissue. This enrichment is also detectable in hNCC regions primed for later activity. Using GCTA analyses, we suggest that 30% of the estimated variance in risk for nsCL/P in the European population can be attributed to common variants, with 25.5% contributed to by the 24 risk loci known to date. For each of these, we identify credible SNPs using a Bayesian refinement approach, with two loci harbouring only one probable causal variant. Finally, we demonstrate that there is no polygenic component of nsCL/P detectable that is shared with nonsyndromic cleft palate only (nsCPO). Our data suggest that, while common variants are strongly contributing to risk for nsCL/P, they do not seem to be involved in nsCPO which might be more often caused by rare deleterious variants. Our study generates novel insights into both nsCL/P and nsCPO etiology and provides a systematic framework for research into craniofacial development and malformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin U Ludwig
- Institute of Human Genetics University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany.,Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Anne C Böhmer
- Institute of Human Genetics University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany.,Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - John Bowes
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Genetics and Genomics, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Miloš Nikolic
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne.,Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Nina Ishorst
- Institute of Human Genetics University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany.,Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Niki Wyatt
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Nigel L Hammond
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Lina Gölz
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Bonn, Bonn 53111, Germany
| | - Frederic Thieme
- Institute of Human Genetics University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany.,Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Sandra Barth
- Institute of Human Genetics University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany.,Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Hannah Schuenke
- Institute of Human Genetics University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany.,Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Johanna Klamt
- Institute of Human Genetics University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany.,Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Malte Spielmann
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, RG Development and Disease, Berlin 14195, Germany.,Institute for Medical and Human Genetics.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 13353, Germany
| | - Khalid Aldhorae
- Orthodontic Department, College of Dentistry, Thamar University, Thamar, Yemen
| | - Augusto Rojas-Martinez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine, and Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany.,Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Alvaro Rada-Iglesias
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne.,Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Michael J Dixon
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Michael Knapp
- Institute of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
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30
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Lonjou C, Damiola F, Moissonnier M, Durand G, Malakhova I, Masyakin V, Le Calvez-Kelm F, Cardis E, Byrnes G, Kesminiene A, Lesueur F. Investigation of DNA repair-related SNPs underlying susceptibility to papillary thyroid carcinoma reveals MGMT as a novel candidate gene in Belarusian children exposed to radiation. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:328. [PMID: 28499365 PMCID: PMC5429528 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3314-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic factors may influence an individual's sensitivity to ionising radiation and therefore modify his/her risk of developing papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Previously, we reported that common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the DNA damage recognition gene ATM contribute to PTC risk in Belarusian children exposed to fallout from the Chernobyl power plant accident. Here we explored in the same population the contribution of a panel of DNA repair-related SNPs in genes acting downstream of ATM. METHODS The association of 141 SNPs located in 43 DNA repair genes was examined in 75 PTC cases and 254 controls from the Gomel region in Belarus. All subjects were younger than 15 years at the time of the Chernobyl accident. Conditional logistic regressions accounting for radiation dose were performed with PLINK using the additive allelic inheritance model, and a linkage disequilibrium (LD)-based Bonferroni correction was used for correction for multiple testing. RESULTS The intronic SNP rs2296675 in MGMT was associated with an increased PTC risk [per minor allele odds ratio (OR) 2.54 95% CI 1.50, 4.30, P per allele = 0.0006, P corr.= 0.05], and gene-wide association testing highlighted a possible role for ERCC5 (P Gene = 0.01) and PCNA (P Gene = 0.05) in addition to MGMT (P Gene = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that several genes acting in distinct DNA repair mechanisms contribute to PTC risk. Further investigation is needed to decipher the functional properties of the methyltransferase encoded by MGMT and to understand how alteration of such functions may lead to the development of the most common type of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Lonjou
- Institut Curie, 75248 Paris, France
- PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
- INSERM, U900, 75248 Paris, France
- Mines Paris Tech, 77305 Fontainebleau, France
| | | | - Monika Moissonnier
- Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372 Lyon, France
| | | | - Irina Malakhova
- Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Medical Technologies, Informatisation, Administration and Management of Health (RSPC MT), 220013 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Vladimir Masyakin
- Republican Research Center for Radiation Medicine & Human Ecology, 246040 Gomel, Belarus
| | | | - Elisabeth Cardis
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Graham Byrnes
- Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Ausrele Kesminiene
- Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Fabienne Lesueur
- Institut Curie, 75248 Paris, France
- PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
- INSERM, U900, 75248 Paris, France
- Mines Paris Tech, 77305 Fontainebleau, France
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31
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Gudmundsson J, Thorleifsson G, Sigurdsson JK, Stefansdottir L, Jonasson JG, Gudjonsson SA, Gudbjartsson DF, Masson G, Johannsdottir H, Halldorsson GH, Stacey SN, Helgason H, Sulem P, Senter L, He H, Liyanarachchi S, Ringel MD, Aguillo E, Panadero A, Prats E, Garcia-Castaño A, De Juan A, Rivera F, Xu L, Kiemeney LA, Eyjolfsson GI, Sigurdardottir O, Olafsson I, Kristvinsson H, Netea-Maier RT, Jonsson T, Mayordomo JI, Plantinga TS, Hjartarson H, Hrafnkelsson J, Sturgis EM, Thorsteinsdottir U, Rafnar T, de la Chapelle A, Stefansson K. A genome-wide association study yields five novel thyroid cancer risk loci. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14517. [PMID: 28195142 PMCID: PMC5316879 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The great majority of thyroid cancers are of the non-medullary type. Here we report findings from a genome-wide association study of non-medullary thyroid cancer, including in total 3,001 patients and 287,550 controls from five study groups of European descent. Our results yield five novel loci (all with Pcombined<3 × 10−8): 1q42.2 (rs12129938 in PCNXL2), 3q26.2 (rs6793295 a missense mutation in LRCC34 near TERC), 5q22.1 (rs73227498 between NREP and EPB41L4A), 10q24.33 (rs7902587 near OBFC1), and two independently associated variants at 15q22.33 (rs2289261 and rs56062135; both in SMAD3). We also confirm recently published association results from a Chinese study of a variant on 5p15.33 (rs2736100 near the TERT gene) and present a stronger association result for a moderately correlated variant (rs10069690; OR=1.20, P=3.2 × 10−7) based on our study of individuals of European ancestry. In combination, these results raise several opportunities for future studies of the pathogenesis of thyroid cancer. Non-medullary thyroid cancers include papillary and follicular subtypes, and are the most common type of thyroid cancer. Here, the authors extend previous work by performing a large genome-wide association study and find five novel loci associated with this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jon G Jonasson
- Landspitali-University Hospital, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland.,The Icelandic Cancer Registry, 105 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hannes Helgason
- deCODE genetics/AMGEN, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland.,School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Leigha Senter
- Division of Human Genetics, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Huiling He
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Sandya Liyanarachchi
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Matthew D Ringel
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Esperanza Aguillo
- Division of Endocrinology, University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Angeles Panadero
- Division of Medical Oncology, Ciudad de Coria Hospital, 10800 Coria, Spain
| | - Enrique Prats
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Almudena Garcia-Castaño
- Division of Medical Oncology, Marques de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - Ana De Juan
- Division of Medical Oncology, Marques de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - Fernando Rivera
- Division of Medical Oncology, Marques de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Head &Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Lambertus A Kiemeney
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Olof Sigurdardottir
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Akureyri Hospital, 600 Akureyri, Iceland
| | | | | | - Romana T Netea-Maier
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Thorvaldur Jonsson
- Landspitali-University Hospital, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Theo S Plantinga
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Erich M Sturgis
- Department of Head &Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE genetics/AMGEN, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Albert de la Chapelle
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE genetics/AMGEN, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
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32
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Schooling CM, Houghton LC, Terry MB. Potential Intervention Targets in Utero and Early Life for Prevention of Hormone Related Cancers. Pediatrics 2016; 138:S22-S33. [PMID: 27940974 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2015-4268e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hormone-related cancers have long been thought to be sensitive to exposures during key periods of sexual development, as shown by the vulnerability to such cancers of women exposed to diethylstilbestrol in utero. In addition to evidence from human studies, animal studies using new techniques, such as gene knockout models, suggest that an increasing number of cancers may be hormonally related, including liver, lung, and bladder cancer. Greater understanding of sexual development has also revealed the "mini-puberty" of early infancy as a key period when some sex hormones reach levels similar to those at puberty. Factors driving sex hormones in utero and early infancy have not been systematically identified as potential targets of intervention for cancer prevention. On the basis of sex hormone pathways, we identify common potentially modifiable drivers of sex hormones, including but not limited to factors such as obesity, alcohol, and possibly nitric oxide. We review the evidence for effects of modifiable drivers of sex hormones during the prenatal period and early infancy, including measured hormones as well as proxies, such as the second-to-fourth digit length ratio. We summarize the gaps in the evidence needed to identify new potential targets of early life intervention for lifelong cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mary Schooling
- CUNY School of Public Health and Hunter College, New York, New York; .,School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Lauren C Houghton
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
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33
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Riesco-Eizaguirre G, Santisteban P. ENDOCRINE TUMOURS: Advances in the molecular pathogenesis of thyroid cancer: lessons from the cancer genome. Eur J Endocrinol 2016; 175:R203-17. [PMID: 27666535 DOI: 10.1530/eje-16-0202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy giving rise to one of the most indolent solid cancers, but also one of the most lethal. In recent years, systematic studies of the cancer genome, most importantly those derived from The Cancer Genome Altas (TCGA), have catalogued aberrations in the DNA, chromatin, and RNA of the genomes of thousands of tumors relative to matched normal cellular genomes and have analyzed their epigenetic and protein consequences. Cancer genomics is therefore providing new information on cancer development and behavior, as well as new insights into genetic alterations and molecular pathways. From this genomic perspective, we will review the main advances concerning some essential aspects of the molecular pathogenesis of thyroid cancer such as mutational mechanisms, new cancer genes implicated in tumor initiation and progression, the role of non-coding RNA, and the advent of new susceptibility genes in thyroid cancer predisposition. This look across these genomic and cellular alterations results in the reshaping of the multistep development of thyroid tumors and offers new tools and opportunities for further research and clinical development of novel treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM)Madrid, Spain Servicio de EndocrinologíaHospital Universitario de Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Santisteban
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM)Madrid, Spain
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Ge Y, Wang Y, Shao W, Jin J, Du M, Ma G, Chu H, Wang M, Zhang Z. Rare variants in BRCA2 and CHEK2 are associated with the risk of urinary tract cancers. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33542. [PMID: 27632928 PMCID: PMC5025839 DOI: 10.1038/srep33542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that two rare variants, rs11571833 in BRCA2 and rs17879961 in CHEK2 were associated with lung cancer. However, the associations between these two variants and urinary tract cancers risk remain largely unexplored. We applied imputation of three genome-wide association studies published in the database of Genotypes and Phenotypes (dbGaP). Unconditional logistic regression analysis and meta-analysis were performed to assess the association between these two variants and the risk of urinary tract cancers. Our results showed that rs11571833[T] had an effect on urinary tract cancers predisposition (ORmeta = 1.45, Pmeta = 0.013), especially associated with increased the risk of bladder cancer (ORmeta = 1.60, Pmeta = 0.010). Moreover, rs17879961[C] had a protective effect on the urinary tract cancers (ORmeta = 0.67, Pmeta = 1.0 × 10(-3)) and was mostly associated with a lower incidence of renal cell carcinoma (ORmeta = 0.51, Pmeta = 2.0 × 10(-3)). Together, our study indicates that BRCA2 and CHEK2 play an important role in the genetic susceptibility to urinary tract cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiu Ge
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunyan Wang
- Department of Urology, Huai-An First People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Huai-An, China
| | - Wei Shao
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mulong Du
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gaoxiang Ma
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiyan Chu
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meilin Wang
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengdong Zhang
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Jendrzejewski J, Liyanarachchi S, Nagy R, Senter L, Wakely PE, Thomas A, Nabhan F, He H, Li W, Sworczak K, Ringel MD, Kirschner LS, de la Chapelle A. Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Association Between Germline DNA Variant Markers and Clinical Parameters. Thyroid 2016; 26:1276-84. [PMID: 27342578 PMCID: PMC5036310 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2015.0665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is reported to be highly heritable in epidemiological studies. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have uncovered several variants associated with PTC predisposition. It remains unknown whether these variants might contribute to better clinical stratification of PTC patients. METHODS In order to assess the usefulness of germline genetic analyses in the management of PTC patients, the genotypes of five variants (rs965513, rs944289, rs116909374, rs2439302, and rs966423) were determined in 1216 PTC patients and 1416 controls. Additionally, the expression of seven genes located close to GWAS variants (PTCSC3, MBIP, NKX2-1, FOXE1, DIRC3, PTCSC2, and NRG1) were measured in 73 PTC paired tumor/normal tissues, respectively. Next, the association was analyzed between the genotypes of the germline variants and the levels of gene expression with clinical/pathological features such as age, sex, TNM staging, multifocality status, extrathyroidal expansion, and MACIS score. RESULTS The risk allele of rs965513 was associated with larger tumor size (p = 0.025) and extrathyroidal expansion (odd ratio [OR] = 1.29, p = 0.045). The variant rs2439302 showed association with lymph node metastasis (OR = 1.24, p = 0.016), and multifocality status of the tumor (OR = 1.24, p = 0.012). The expression of MBIP was associated with T stage (p = 0.010). MBIP and PTCSC3 displayed lower expression in PTC tissue in males than in females (p = 0.025 and p = 0.036, respectively). NKX2-1 displayed lower expression in patients with N1 stage (p = 0.040). CONCLUSIONS The studied germline risk alleles predisposing to PTC were associated with a more aggressive course of the disease reflected by larger tumor diameter, higher multifocality rate, and more advanced N stage at the time of diagnosis. These results show that germline variants not only predispose to PTC but also might impact its clinical course. However, these associations were only moderate, and further large multi-ethnic studies are required to evaluate the usefulness of these germline variants in the clinical stratification of PTC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslaw Jendrzejewski
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Sandya Liyanarachchi
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Rebecca Nagy
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Leigha Senter
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Paul E. Wakely
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Andrew Thomas
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Fadi Nabhan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Huiling He
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Wei Li
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Krzysztof Sworczak
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Matthew D. Ringel
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Lawrence S. Kirschner
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Albert de la Chapelle
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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Verma M. Genome-wide association studies and epigenome-wide association studies go together in cancer control. Future Oncol 2016; 12:1645-64. [PMID: 27079684 PMCID: PMC5551540 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2015-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Completion of the human genome a decade ago laid the foundation for: using genetic information in assessing risk to identify individuals and populations that are likely to develop cancer, and designing treatments based on a person's genetic profiling (precision medicine). Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) completed during the past few years have identified risk-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms that can be used as screening tools in epidemiologic studies of a variety of tumor types. This led to the conduct of epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS). This article discusses the current status, challenges and research opportunities in GWAS and EWAS. Information gained from GWAS and EWAS has potential applications in cancer control and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Verma
- Methods & Technologies Branch, Epidemiology & Genomics Research Program, Division of Cancer Control & Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Suite 4E102, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
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Sánchez-Ares M, Cameselle-Teijeiro JM, Vázquez-Estévez S, Lázaro-Quintela M, Vázquez-Boquete Á, Afonso-Afonso FJ, Casal-Rubio J, González-Piñeiro AL, Rico-Rodríguez Y, Fírvida-Pérez JL, Ruíz-Bañobre J, Couso E, Santomé L, Pérez-Becerra R, García-Campelo R, Amenedo M, Azpitarte-Raposeiras C, Antúnez J, Abdulkader I. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of the ALK gene in 2,045 non-small cell lung cancer patients from North-Western Spain (Galicia). Oncol Lett 2016; 12:1403-1407. [PMID: 27446444 PMCID: PMC4950728 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of anaplastic lymphoma receptor tyrosine kinase (ALK) gene rearrangements is a standard diagnostic test in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The current study describes the experience of ALK rearrangement detection of a referral center in the public health care system of Galicia in North-Western Spain. The fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) patterns of the ALK gene and the clinical and pathological features of these patients are reported. This study is also of interest for comparative purposes due to the relative geographical isolation of the area, which could have contributed to particular genetic features. A total of 2,045 tissue samples from NSCLC patients were collected between October 2010 and July 2015 and tested for ALK rearrangements by FISH. Examination of 1,686 paraffin-embedded tissue specimens and 395 cytological samples (306 cell block preparations and 53 cytological smears) was conducted, and any associations between the FISH results and clinicopathological features were assessed. The rate of successful evaluation was marginally higher in tissue samples than in cytological samples (92.9% vs. 84.1%); this difference was not significant. ALK rearrangements were identified in 82 patients(4%): 65 (79.3%) in tissue specimens, 15 (18.3%) in cell block samples and 2 (2.4%) in cytological smears. This genetic translocation appeared to be associated with a non-smoking history, younger age, female gender, stage IV and adenocarcinoma histological type. The findings demonstrate that ALK evaluation by FISH is feasible in tissue and cytological samples. The clinical and pathological features of the ALK-positive series of patients are similar to those previously reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Sánchez-Ares
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Clinical University Hospital, Galician Healthcare Service (SERGAS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José M Cameselle-Teijeiro
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Clinical University Hospital, Galician Healthcare Service (SERGAS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Anatomic Pathology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Sergio Vázquez-Estévez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lucus Augusti University Hospital, SERGAS, 27003 Lugo, Spain
| | | | - Ángel Vázquez-Boquete
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Clinical University Hospital, Galician Healthcare Service (SERGAS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Francisco J Afonso-Afonso
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Complex Arquitecto Marcide-Novoa Santos, SERGAS, 15405 Ferrol, Spain
| | - Joaquín Casal-Rubio
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Complex, SERGAS, 36312 Vigo, Spain
| | - Ana L González-Piñeiro
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, University Hospital Complex, SERGAS, 36312 Vigo, Spain
| | - Yolanda Rico-Rodríguez
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Clinical University Hospital, Galician Healthcare Service (SERGAS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José L Fírvida-Pérez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Clinical University Hospital, SERGAS, 32005 Ourense, Spain
| | - Juan Ruíz-Bañobre
- Department of Medical Oncology, Clinical University Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Elena Couso
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Clinical University Hospital, Galician Healthcare Service (SERGAS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Lucía Santomé
- Department of Medical Oncology, Povisa Hospital, 36211 Vigo, Spain
| | - Raquel Pérez-Becerra
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Clinical University Hospital, Galician Healthcare Service (SERGAS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rosario García-Campelo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Clinical University Hospital, SERGAS, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Margarita Amenedo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro Oncológico de Galicia, 15009 A Coruña, Spain
| | | | - José Antúnez
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Clinical University Hospital, Galician Healthcare Service (SERGAS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Anatomic Pathology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ihab Abdulkader
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Clinical University Hospital, Galician Healthcare Service (SERGAS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Tcheandjieu C, Lesueur F, Sanchez M, Baron-Dubourdieu D, Guizard AV, Mulot C, Laurent-Puig P, Schvartz C, Truong T, Guenel P. Fine-mapping of two differentiated thyroid carcinoma susceptibility loci at 9q22.33 and 14q13.3 detects novel candidate functional SNPs in Europeans from metropolitan France and Melanesians from New Caledonia. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:617-27. [PMID: 26991144 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Incidence of differentiated thyroid carcinoma varies considerably between countries and ethnic groups, with particularly high incidence rates in Melanesians of New Caledonia. Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) has a familial relative risk higher than other cancers, highlighting the contribution of inherited factors to the disease. Recently, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified several DTC susceptibility loci. The most robust associations were reported at loci 9q22 (rs965513 and rs1867277) and 14q13 (rs944289 and rs116909734). In this study, we performed a fine-mapping study of the two gene regions among Europeans and Melanesians from Metropolitan France and New Caledonia. We examined 81 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at 9q22 and 561 SNPs at 14q13 in Europeans (625 cases/776 controls) and in Melanesians (244 cases/189 controls). The association with the four SNPs previously identified in GWAS was replicated in Europeans while only rs944289 was replicated in Melanesians. Among Europeans, we found that the two SNPs previously reported at 9q22 were not independently associated to DTC and that rs965513 was the predominant signal; at 14q13, we showed that the haplotype rs944289[C]-rs116909374[C]-rs999460[T] was significantly associated with DTC risk and that the association with rs116909374 differed by smoking status (p-interaction = 0.03). Among Melanesians, a new independent signal was observed at 14q13 for rs1755774 which is strongly correlated to rs2787423; this latter is potentially a functional variant. Significant interactions with parity (p < 0.05) and body mass index were observed for rs1755774 and rs2787423. This study contributed to a better characterization of the DTC loci 9q22 and 14q13 in Europeans and in Melanesians and has identified novel variants to be prioritized for further functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabienne Lesueur
- Inserm, U900, Paris, France.,Institut Curie, Paris, France.,PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France
| | - Marie Sanchez
- CESP, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Anne-Valerie Guizard
- Registre Général des tumeurs du Calvados, Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France.,U1086 Inserm-UCNB, Cancers and Prevention, Caen, France
| | - Claire Mulot
- Université Paris Descartes, Inserm UMR 5775 EPIGENETEC, Paris, France
| | | | - Claire Schvartz
- Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Jean GODINOT, Reims, France
| | - Therese Truong
- CESP, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Pascal Guenel
- CESP, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
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