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Moura MLV, de Menezes AAPM, de Oliveira Filho JWG, do Nascimento MLLB, dos Reis AC, Ribeiro AB, da Silva FCC, Nunes AMV, Rolim HML, de Carvalho Melo Cavalcante AA, Sousa JMDCE. Advances in Antitumor Effects Using Liposomal Citrinin in Induced Breast Cancer Model. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:174. [PMID: 38399235 PMCID: PMC10892831 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16020174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the antitumor and toxicogenetic effects of liposomal nanoformulations containing citrinin in animal breast carcinoma induced by 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA). Mus musculus virgin females were divided into six groups treated with (1) olive oil (10 mL/kg); (2) 7,12-DMBA (6 mg/kg); (3) citrinin, CIT (2 mg/kg), (4) cyclophosphamide, CPA (25 mg/kg), (5) liposomal citrinin, LP-CIT (2 μg/kg), and (6) LP-CIT (6 µg/kg). Metabolic, behavioral, hematological, biochemical, histopathological, and toxicogenetic tests were performed. DMBA and cyclophosphamide induced behavioral changes, not observed for free and liposomal citrinin. No hematological or biochemical changes were observed for LP-CIT. However, free citrinin reduced monocytes and caused hepatotoxicity. During treatment, significant differences were observed regarding the weight of the right and left breasts treated with DMBA compared to negative controls. Treatment with CPA, CIT, and LP-CIT reduced the weight of both breasts, with better results for liposomal citrinin. Furthermore, CPA, CIT, and LP-CIT presented genotoxic effects for tumor, blood, bone marrow, and liver cells, although less DNA damage was observed for LP-CIT compared to CIT and CPA. Healthy cell damage induced by LP-CIT was repaired during treatment, unlike CPA, which caused clastogenic effects. Thus, LP-CIT showed advantages for its use as a model of nanosystems for antitumor studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michely Laiany Vieira Moura
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics—LAPGENIC, Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil; (M.L.V.M.); (A.-A.P.M.d.M.); (J.W.G.d.O.F.); (M.L.L.B.d.N.); (A.C.d.R.); (F.C.C.d.S.); (A.A.d.C.M.C.); (J.M.d.C.e.S.)
| | - Ag-Anne Pereira Melo de Menezes
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics—LAPGENIC, Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil; (M.L.V.M.); (A.-A.P.M.d.M.); (J.W.G.d.O.F.); (M.L.L.B.d.N.); (A.C.d.R.); (F.C.C.d.S.); (A.A.d.C.M.C.); (J.M.d.C.e.S.)
| | - José Williams Gomes de Oliveira Filho
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics—LAPGENIC, Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil; (M.L.V.M.); (A.-A.P.M.d.M.); (J.W.G.d.O.F.); (M.L.L.B.d.N.); (A.C.d.R.); (F.C.C.d.S.); (A.A.d.C.M.C.); (J.M.d.C.e.S.)
| | - Maria Luiza Lima Barreto do Nascimento
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics—LAPGENIC, Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil; (M.L.V.M.); (A.-A.P.M.d.M.); (J.W.G.d.O.F.); (M.L.L.B.d.N.); (A.C.d.R.); (F.C.C.d.S.); (A.A.d.C.M.C.); (J.M.d.C.e.S.)
| | - Antonielly Campinho dos Reis
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics—LAPGENIC, Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil; (M.L.V.M.); (A.-A.P.M.d.M.); (J.W.G.d.O.F.); (M.L.L.B.d.N.); (A.C.d.R.); (F.C.C.d.S.); (A.A.d.C.M.C.); (J.M.d.C.e.S.)
| | - Alessandra Braga Ribeiro
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Felipe Cavalcanti Carneiro da Silva
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics—LAPGENIC, Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil; (M.L.V.M.); (A.-A.P.M.d.M.); (J.W.G.d.O.F.); (M.L.L.B.d.N.); (A.C.d.R.); (F.C.C.d.S.); (A.A.d.C.M.C.); (J.M.d.C.e.S.)
| | | | - Hercília Maria Lins Rolim
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanosystems—NANOSFAR, Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil
| | - Ana Amélia de Carvalho Melo Cavalcante
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics—LAPGENIC, Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil; (M.L.V.M.); (A.-A.P.M.d.M.); (J.W.G.d.O.F.); (M.L.L.B.d.N.); (A.C.d.R.); (F.C.C.d.S.); (A.A.d.C.M.C.); (J.M.d.C.e.S.)
| | - João Marcelo de Castro e Sousa
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics—LAPGENIC, Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil; (M.L.V.M.); (A.-A.P.M.d.M.); (J.W.G.d.O.F.); (M.L.L.B.d.N.); (A.C.d.R.); (F.C.C.d.S.); (A.A.d.C.M.C.); (J.M.d.C.e.S.)
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2
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Torequl Islam M, Shimul Bhuia M, Paulo Martins de Lima J, Paulo Araujo Maia F, Beatriz Herminia Ducati A, Douglas Melo Coutinho H. Phytanic acid, an inconclusive phytol metabolite: A review. Curr Res Toxicol 2023; 5:100120. [PMID: 37744206 PMCID: PMC10515296 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2023.100120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytanic acid (PA: 3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadecanoic acid) is an important biometabolite of the chlorophyll-derived diterpenoid phytol. Its biological sources (occurrence) and ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination) profile are well-discussed in the literature. Cumulative literature suggests that PA has beneficial as well as harmful biological roles in humans and other animals. This study aimed to sketch a brief summary of PA's beneficial and harmful pharmacological effects in test systems on the basis of existing literature reports. Literature findings propose that PA has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, anticancer, and oocyte maturation effects. Although a high plasma PA-level mediated SLS remains controversial, it is evident to link it with Refsum's disease and other peroxisomal enzyme deficiency diseases in humans, including RCDP and LD; ZHDA and Alzheimer's disease; progressive ataxia and dysarthria; and an increased risk of some lymphomas such as LBL, FL, and NHL. PA exerts toxic effects on different kinds of cells, including neuronal, cardiac, and renal cells, through diverse pathways such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial disturbance, apoptosis, disruption of Na+/K+-ATPase activity, Ca2+ homeostasis, alteration of AChE and MAO activities, etc. PA is considered a cardiac biomarker in humans. In conclusion, PA may be one of the most important biometabolites in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Shimul Bhuia
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
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3
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Julca I, Mutwil-Anderwald D, Manoj V, Khan Z, Lai SK, Yang LK, Beh IT, Dziekan J, Lim YP, Lim SK, Low YW, Lam YI, Tjia S, Mu Y, Tan QW, Nuc P, Choo LM, Khew G, Shining L, Kam A, Tam JP, Bozdech Z, Schmidt M, Usadel B, Kanagasundaram Y, Alseekh S, Fernie A, Li HY, Mutwil M. Genomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analysis of Oldenlandia corymbosa reveals the biosynthesis and mode of action of anti-cancer metabolites. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 36807520 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plants accumulate a vast array of secondary metabolites, which constitute a natural resource for pharmaceuticals. Oldenlandia corymbosa belongs to the Rubiaceae family, and has been used in traditional medicine to treat different diseases, including cancer. However, the active metabolites of the plant, their biosynthetic pathway and mode of action in cancer are unknown. To fill these gaps, we exposed this plant to eight different stress conditions and combined different omics data capturing gene expression, metabolic profiles, and anti-cancer activity. Our results show that O. corymbosa extracts are active against breast cancer cell lines and that ursolic acid is responsible for this activity. Moreover, we assembled a high-quality genome and uncovered two genes involved in the biosynthesis of ursolic acid. Finally, we also revealed that ursolic acid causes mitotic catastrophe in cancer cells and identified three high-confidence protein binding targets by Cellular Thermal Shift Assay (CETSA) and reverse docking. Altogether, these results constitute a valuable resource to further characterize the biosynthesis of active metabolites in the Oldenlandia group, while the mode of action of ursolic acid will allow us to further develop this valuable compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Julca
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | | | - Vaishnervi Manoj
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zahra Khan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Soak Kuan Lai
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Lay K Yang
- Shared Analytics, Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138671, Singapore
| | - Ing T Beh
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jerzy Dziekan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yoon P Lim
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117596, Singapore
| | - Shen K Lim
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117596, Singapore
| | - Yee W Low
- Singapore Botanic Gardens, Singapore, 259569, Singapore
| | - Yuen I Lam
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Seth Tjia
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yuguang Mu
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Qiao W Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Przemyslaw Nuc
- Department of Gene Expression, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, 61-614, Poland
| | - Le M Choo
- Singapore Botanic Gardens, Singapore, 259569, Singapore
| | - Gillian Khew
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Singapore Botanic Gardens, Singapore, 259569, Singapore
| | - Loo Shining
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Antony Kam
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - James P Tam
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zbynek Bozdech
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | | | - Bjoern Usadel
- IBG-4 Bioinformatics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, 52428, Germany
| | - Yoganathan Kanagasundaram
- Shared Analytics, Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138671, Singapore
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Potsdam-Golm, 14476, Germany
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, 4000, Bulgaria
| | - Alisdair Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Potsdam-Golm, 14476, Germany
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, 4000, Bulgaria
| | - Hoi Y Li
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Marek Mutwil
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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4
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Rahman MM, Al Noman MA, Khatun S, Alam R, Shetu MMH, Talukder EK, Imon RR, Biswas MY, Anis-Ul-Haque K, Uddin MJ, Akhter S. Evaluation of Senna tora (L.) Roxb. leaves as source of bioactive molecules with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial potential. Heliyon 2023; 9:e12855. [PMID: 36747926 PMCID: PMC9898628 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e12855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Senna tora (L.) Roxb. is an ethno-medicinal herb used by rural and tribal people of the Satpura region of Madhya Pradesh in India and the Phatthalung Province of Thailand for treating rheumatism, bronchitis, ringworm, itches, leprosy, dyspepsia, liver disorders and heart disorders. It is also used in Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine. This study was conducted to investigate the potential of Senna tora (L.) Roxb. as a source of drug candidates against oxidants, inflammation, and bacterial infection. Preliminary phytochemical screening (PPS) and GC-MS were performed to identify the phytochemicals in the ethyl acetate extract of Senna tora (L.) Roxb. leaves (EAESTL). The in vitro antioxidant activity was assessed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)- and H2O2-scavenging tests; the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was determined by bovine serum albumin (BSA) denaturation and red blood cell (RBC) hemolysis inhibition; and the antibacterial activity was evaluated by agar-well diffusion methods. Cytotoxicity was estimated by Artemia salina larvae lethality, while acute toxicity was evaluated by oral delivery of the extract to mice. In silico antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities were predicted by the Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances (PASS) program. The pharmacokinetics related to ADME and toxicity tests were determined by the admetSAR2 and ADMETlab2 web servers, and drug-able properties were assessed by the SwissADME server. GC-MS detected fifty-nine phytochemicals that support the types of compounds (phenols, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, saponins, steroids, alkaloids, glycosides and reducing sugar) identified by phytochemical screening. EAESTL exhibited dose-dependent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities without any adverse effects or fluctuations in body weight. The PASS program predicted that the identified phytochemicals have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities. Among 51 phytochemicals, 16 showed good ADME, and 8 fulfilled drug-able properties without toxicity. Altogether, four phytochemicals, viz., benzyl alcohol, 3-(hydroxy-phenyl-methyl)-2,3-dimethyl-octan-4-one, phenylethyl alcohol and 2,6,6-trimethylbicyclo [3.1.1] heptane-3-ol, showed good pharmacokinetics and drug-able properties without toxicity, along with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities. The obtained results suggest that Senna tora (L.) Roxb. leaves contain bioactive phytochemicals that have the potential to fight against oxidants, inflammation, and bacterial infection as potential drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Mashiar Rahman
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abdullah Al Noman
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Shapla Khatun
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Rahat Alam
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Mahade Hasan Shetu
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Enamul Kabir Talukder
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Raihan Rahman Imon
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Yaman Biswas
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - K.M. Anis-Ul-Haque
- Department of Chemistry, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Jashim Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
- Corresponding author.
| | - Shahina Akhter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology Chittagong, Foy's Lake, Chittagong 4202, Bangladesh
- Corresponding author.
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Ghazzawy HS, Gouda MM, Awad NS, Al-Harbi NA, Alqahtani MM, Abdel-Salam MM, Abdein MA, Al-Sobeai SM, Hamad AA, Alsberi HM, Gabr GA, Hikal DM. Potential bioactivity of Phoenix dactylifera fruits, leaves, and seeds against prostate and pancreatic cancer cells. Front Nutr 2022; 9:998929. [PMID: 36386915 PMCID: PMC9650284 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.998929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of functional foods' phytochemicals in the chemoprevention of different cancer diseases has become one of the hot scientific areas in the clinical nutrition field. For instance, the Khalas palm cultivar (KPC; Phoenix dactylifera) is one of the natural sustainable resources that have high bioactivity and functionality. This study aimed to investigate the antiproliferative activity and mode of action of KPC's different parts on prostate (Pc3) and pancreatic (panc1) cancer cells at a molecular level. In the methods, KPC's leaves, seeds, and fruits' chemical composition and phytochemical analysis were analyzed. Also, the cytotoxic effects of each extract were assessed against pc3 and panc1 cell lines. Besides, induction of apoptosis, cell cycle analysis, and gene expression of both Cap3 and Cap9 were studied. The obtained results indicated that KPC leaves extract exhibited the highest significant (P < 0.01) anti-proliferation activity against the utilized cancer cell lines compared to fruits and seeds extracts. Also, there were significant (P < 0.05) differences in the phenolic contents, flavonoid of compounds, and antioxidant power of the leaves when compared to the seeds and fruits. Additionally, the highest cytotoxic effect (lowest IC50) was recorded with leave extract than seeds and fruits. Meanwhile, the seeds extract induced (P < 0.05) the apoptosis and arrested cells in the G2/M phase as well as up-regulated the gene expression of the apoptotic-related genes (Casp3 and Casp9) compared to the control group. In conclusion, this study showed that the presence of bioactive components in the KPC different parts extracts have the significant ability to induce the apoptotic pathway that could down-regulate the proliferation of prostate (pc3) and pancreatic (panc1) cancer cells. The pathway mechanism of action was induced by the phytol molecule presented in its leaves extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham S. Ghazzawy
- Date Palm Research Center of Excellence, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia,Central Laboratory for Date Palm Research and Development, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt,*Correspondence: Hesham S. Ghazzawy,
| | - Mostafa M. Gouda
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Department of Nutrition and Food Science, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt,Mostafa M. Gouda,
| | - Nabil S. Awad
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt,College of Biotechnology, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt,Nabil S. Awad,
| | | | - Mesfer M. Alqahtani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, Ad-Dawadimi, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha M. Abdel-Salam
- Department of Pomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Abdein
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Northern Border University, Rafha, Saudi Arabia,Mohamed A. Abdein,
| | - Sanad M. Al-Sobeai
- Sajir College of Arts and Science, Shaqra University, Sharqa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa A. Hamad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia,Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hassan M. Alsberi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia,Department of Basic Medical Science and Histopathology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Giza, Egypt
| | - Gamal A. Gabr
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia,Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Dalia M. Hikal
- Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Home Economics, Faculty of Specific Education, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
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Kamaraj C, Karthi S, Reegan AD, Balasubramani G, Ramkumar G, Kalaivani K, Zahir AA, Deepak P, Senthil-Nathan S, Rahman MM, Md Towfiqul Islam AR, Malafaia G. Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Gracilaria crassa leaf extract and their ecotoxicological potential: Issues to be considered. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 213:113711. [PMID: 35728640 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of vegetal species for gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) biosynthesis can constitute an alternative to replacing the extensive use of several hazardous chemicals commonly used during NPs synthesis and, therefore, can reduce biological impacts induced by the release of these products into the natural environment. However, the "green nanoparticles" and/or "eco-friendly nanoparticles" label does not ensure that biosynthesized NPs are harmless to non-target organisms. Thus, we aimed to synthesize AuNPs from seaweed Gracilaria crassa aqueous extract through an eco-friendly, fast, one-pot synthetic route. The formation of spherical, stable, polycrystalline NPs with a diameter of 32.0 nm ± 4.0 nm (mean ±SEM) was demonstrated by UV-vis spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray and X-ray diffraction measurement, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. In addition, different phytocomponents were identified in the biosynthesized AuNPs, using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). However, both G. crassa aqueous extract and the biosynthesized AuNPs showed high ecotoxicity in Anopheles stephensi larvae exposed to different concentrations. Therefore, our study supports the potential of seaweed G. crassa as a raw material source for AuNPs biosynthesis while also shedding light on its ecotoxicological potential, which necessitates consideration of its risk to aquatic biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinnaperumal Kamaraj
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine (IIISM), Directorate of Research and Virtual Education, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRMIST), Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Sengodan Karthi
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, 627 412, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Appadurai Daniel Reegan
- National Center for Disease Control, Bengaluru Branch, No:08, NTI Campus, Bellary Road, Bengaluru, 560 003, Karnataka, India.
| | - Govindasamy Balasubramani
- Division of Research & Innovation, Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Govindaraju Ramkumar
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, 627 412, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Kandaswamy Kalaivani
- Post Graduate and Research Centre, Department of Zoology, Sri Parasakthi College for Women, Courtrallam, 627 802, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - A Abduz Zahir
- Unit of Nanotechnology and Bioactive Natural Products, Post Graduate and Research Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College (Autonomous), Melvisharam, 632 509, Vellore District, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Paramasivam Deepak
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. N.G.P. Arts and Science College, Dr.N.G.P. - Kalapatti Road, Coimbatore, 641048, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, 627 412, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Md Mostafizur Rahman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh; Laboratory of Environmental Health and Ecotoxicology, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | | | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Ecology, Conservation, and Biodiversity, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil; Post-Graduation Programa in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
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The Multiple Roles of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase in Tumorigenesis and Cancer Chemoresistance. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12020271. [PMID: 35207558 PMCID: PMC8875868 DOI: 10.3390/life12020271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is a branch from glycolysis that begins from glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) and ends up with fructose-6-phosphate (F6P) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GADP). Its primary physiological significance is to provide nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and nucleotides for vital activities such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) defense and DNA synthesis. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is a housekeeping protein with 514 amino acids that is also the rate-limiting enzyme of PPP, catalyzing G6P into 6-phosphogluconolactone (6PGL) and producing the first NADPH of this pathway. Increasing evidence indicates that G6PD is upregulated in diverse cancers, and this dysfunction influences DNA synthesis, DNA repair, cell cycle regulation and redox homeostasis, which provides advantageous conditions for cancer cell growth, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, metastasis and chemoresistance. Thus, targeting G6PD by inhibitors has been shown as a promising strategy in treating cancer and reversing chemotherapeutic resistance. In this review, we will summarize the existing knowledge concerning G6PD and discuss its role, regulation and inhibitors in cancer development and chemotherapy resistance.
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Usman MA, Usman FI, Abubakar MS, Salman AA, Adamu A, Ibrahim MA. Phytol suppresses parasitemia and ameliorates anaemia and oxidative brain damage in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei. Exp Parasitol 2021; 224:108097. [PMID: 33736972 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2021.108097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The quest for the development of a novel antimalarial drug informed the decision to subject phytol to in vivo trials following a demonstration of therapeutic potential against chloroquine sensitive strain of Plasmodium falciparum under in vitro condition. On this basis, the in vivo anti-Plasmodium berghei activity of phytol including the ameliorative effects of the compound on P. berghei-associated anaemia and organ damage were investigated. Mice were infected with chloroquine-sensitive strain of P. berghei and were treated with phytol at a dose of 10 and 20 mg/kg body weight (BW) for four days. The levels of parasitemia, packed cell volume and redox sensitive biomarkers of liver, brain and spleen tissues were determined. Our result revealed that phytol significantly (p < 0.05) suppressed the multiplication of P. berghei in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, the phytol significantly (p < 0.05) ameliorated the P. berghei-induced anaemia and brain damage. Data from the present study demonstrated that phytol has suppressive effect on P. berghei and could ameliorate some P. berghei-induced pathological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Auwal Adamu
- Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
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Anh LH, Quan NV, Lam VQ, Iuchi Y, Takami A, Teschke R, Xuan TD. Antioxidant, Anti-tyrosinase, Anti-α-amylase, and Cytotoxic Potentials of the Invasive Weed Andropogon virginicus. PLANTS 2020; 10:plants10010069. [PMID: 33396235 PMCID: PMC7824498 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Andropogon virginicus is an invasive weed that seriously threatens agricultural production and economics worldwide. In this research, dried aerial parts of A. virginicus were extracted, applying Soxhlet and liquid-liquid phase methods to acquire the total crude (T-Anvi), hexane (H-Anvi), ethyl acetate (E-Anvi), butanol (B-Anvi), and water (W-Anvi) extracts, respectively. In which, T-Anvi contains the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents (24.80 mg gallic acid and 37.40 mg rutin equivalents per g dry weight, respectively). Via anti-radical (ABTS and DPPH), and reducing power assays, E-Anvi exhibits the most potent activities (IC50 = 13.96, 43.59 and 124.11 µg/mL, respectively), stronger than butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), a standard antioxidant, while the lipid peroxidation inhibitory effect of E-Anvi (LPI = 90.85% at the concentration of 500 µg/mL) is close to BHT. E-Anvi shows the most substantial inhibition (IC50 = 2.58 mg/mL) on tyrosinase. Notably, α-amylase is significantly suppressed by H-Anvi (IC50 = 0.72 mg/mL), over twice stronger than the positive control, palmitic acid. In the cytotoxic assay, E-Anvi is the strongest extract inhibiting K562 cells (IC50 = 112.01 µg/mL). Meanwhile, T-Anvi shows the highest prevention on Meg-01 expansion (IC50 = 91.40 µg/mL). Dominant compounds detected in E-Anvi by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) are identified as flavonoids. However, among four major compounds identified in H-Anvi by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), palmitic acid and phytol are the most abundant compounds with peak areas of 27.97% and 16.42%, respectively. In essence, this is the first report describing that A. virginicus is a potential natural source of antioxidants, tyrosinase and α-amylase inhibitors, and anti-chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) agents which may be useful in future therapeutics as promising alternative medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- La Hoang Anh
- Transdisciplinary Science and Engineering Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan; (L.H.A.); (N.V.Q.); (Y.I.)
| | - Nguyen Van Quan
- Transdisciplinary Science and Engineering Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan; (L.H.A.); (N.V.Q.); (Y.I.)
| | - Vu Quang Lam
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan; (V.Q.L.); (A.T.)
| | - Yu Iuchi
- Transdisciplinary Science and Engineering Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan; (L.H.A.); (N.V.Q.); (Y.I.)
| | - Akiyoshi Takami
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan; (V.Q.L.); (A.T.)
| | - Rolf Teschke
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Klinikum Hanau, Teaching Hospital of the Medical Faculty, Goethe University Frankfurt/Main, 63450 Hanau, Germany;
| | - Tran Dang Xuan
- Transdisciplinary Science and Engineering Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan; (L.H.A.); (N.V.Q.); (Y.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +81-82-424-6927
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10
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de Oliveira Filho JWG, Andrade TDJADS, de Lima RMT, Dos Reis AC, Silva DHS, Santos JVDO, de Menezes AAPM, da Mata AMO, Dias ACS, de Alencar MVOB, Paz MFCJ, Moreno LCGEAI, Islam MT, Mubarak MS, Sousa JMDCE, Melo Cavalcante AADC. Citrinin against breast cancer: A cytogenotoxicological study. Phytother Res 2020; 35:504-516. [PMID: 32869401 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most lethal types of cancer and a leading cause of mortality among Women worldwide. Citrinin (CIT), a polyketide extracted from the fungus Penicillium citrinum, exhibits a wide range of biological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, and cytotoxic effects. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the antitumoral effects of CIT against 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary carcinoma in Swiss mice For this, CIT, DMBA and the standard cyclophosphamide (CPA) induced behavioral changes in experimental animals, and these changes were screened by using the rota rod and open field tests. Additionally, hematological, biochemical, immuno-histochemical, and histopathological analyses were carried out. Results suggest that CIT did not alter behavioral, hematological, and biochemical parameters in mice. DMBA induced invasive mammary carcinoma and showed genotoxic effects in the breasts, bone marrow, lymphocytes, and hepatic cells. It also caused mutagenic effects in the formation of micronuclei, bridges, shoots, and binucleate cells in bone marrow and liver. CIT and CPA genotoxic effects were observed after 3 weeks of therapy, where CIT exhibited a repair capacity and induced significant apoptotic damage in mouse lymphocytes. In conclusion, CIT showed antitumoral effects in Swiss mice, possibly through induction of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Williams Gomes de Oliveira Filho
- Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí - UFPI, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil.,Laboratory of Research in Toxicological Genetics - LAPGENIC, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil.,Federal Institute of Piauí (IFPI), Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | | | - Rosália Maria Tôrres de Lima
- Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí - UFPI, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Antonielly Campinho Dos Reis
- Laboratory of Research in Toxicological Genetics - LAPGENIC, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Dulce Helena Siqueira Silva
- Nucleus of Bioassays, Biosynthesis and Ecophysiology of Natural Products (NuBBE), Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ana Maria Oliveira da Mata
- Laboratory of Research in Toxicological Genetics - LAPGENIC, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Soares Dias
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Biophysics, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - João Marcelo de Castro E Sousa
- Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí - UFPI, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil.,Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanosystems - NANOSFAR, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Ana Amélia de Carvalho Melo Cavalcante
- Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí - UFPI, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil.,Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanosystems - NANOSFAR, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
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Saad SB, Ibrahim MA, Jatau ID, Shuaibu MN. The therapeutic potential of phytol towards Trypanosoma congolense infection and the inhibitory effects against trypanosomal sialidase. Exp Parasitol 2020; 216:107943. [PMID: 32598890 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2020.107943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The search for novel therapeutic candidates against animal trypanosomiasis is an ongoing scientific endevour because of the negative impacts of the disease to the African livestock industry. In this study, the in vivo therapeutic potentials of phytol toward Trypanosoma congolense infection and the inhibitory effects on trypanosomal sialidase were investigated. Rats were infected with T. congolense and administered daily oral treatment of 50 and 100 mg/kg BW of phytol. Within the first 10 days of the treatment, no antitrypanosomal activity was recorded but a moderate trypanostatic activity was observed from day 17-day 21 pi. However, at 100 mg/kg BW, phytol demonstrated a significant (p < 0.05) ameliorative potentials toward T. congolense-induced host-associated pathological damages such as anaemia, hepatic and renal damages; and the data was comparable to diminazine aceturate. Moreover, the T. congolense caused a significant (p < 0.05) increase in free serum sialic acid level which was significantly (p < 0.05) prevented in the presence of phytol (100 mg/kg BW). In an in vitro analysis, phytol inhibited partially purified T. congolense sialidase using an uncompetitive inhibition pattern with inhibition binding constant of 261.24 μmol/mL. Subsequently, molecular docking revealed that the compound binds to homology modelled trypanosomal sialidase with a binding free energy of -6.7 kcal/mol which was mediated via a single hydrogen bond while Trp324 and Pro274 were the critical binding residues. We concluded that phytol has moderate trypanostatic activity but with a great potential in mitigating the host-associated cellular damages while the anaemia amelioration was mediated, in part, through the inhibition of sialidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Bello Saad
- Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Department of Biochemistry, Yusuf Maitama Sule University, Kano, Nigeria
| | | | - Isa Danladi Jatau
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
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12
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Sathya S, Manogari BG, Thamaraiselvi K, Vaidevi S, Ruckmani K, Devi KP. Phytol loaded PLGA nanoparticles ameliorate scopolamine-induced cognitive dysfunction by attenuating cholinesterase activity, oxidative stress and apoptosis in Wistar rat. Nutr Neurosci 2020; 25:485-501. [PMID: 32406811 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2020.1764290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an acquired neurological disorder of cognitive and behavioral impairments, with a long and progressive route. Currently, efforts are being made to develop potent drugs that target multiple pathological mechanisms that drive the successful treatment of AD in human beings. The development of nano-drug delivery systems has recently emerged as an effective strategy to treat AD. METHODS In the present study, the protective effect of Phytol and Phytol loaded Poly Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid nanoparticles (Phytol-PLGANPs) were evaluated in Wistar rat scopolamine model of AD. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The consumption of Phytol and Phytol-PLGANPs significantly ameliorated the cognitive deficits caused by scopolamine on spatial and short term memory. Phytol and Phytol-PLGANPs significantly enhanced the cholinergic effect by inhibiting both acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase (AChE & BuChE), β-secretase 1 (BACE1) activity, attenuating macromolecular damage, reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) level by activating antioxidative defense system (Superoxide dismutase and catalase) and restoring glutathione metabolizing enzyme systems (Glutathione S-transferase) and also regulating the apoptotic mediated cell death. Moreover, in vivo toxicity study suggests that Phytol and Phytol-PLGANPs did not cause any adverse pathological alteration in rats treated with a higher concentration of Phytol-PLGANPs (200 mg/kg). Pharmacokinetic study revealed that Phytol-PLGANPs enhanced the biodistribution and sustained the release profile of phytol in the brain and plasma. CONCLUSION Overall, the outcome of the study suggests that Phytol and Phytol-PLGANPs act as a potent candidate with better anti-amnesic effects and multi-faceted neuroprotective potential against scopolamine-induced memory dysfunction in Wistar rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sethuraman Sathya
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University (Science Campus), Karaikudi, India
| | - Boovaragamoorthy Gowri Manogari
- Laboratory of Molecular Bioremediation and Nanotechnology, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Kaliannan Thamaraiselvi
- Laboratory of Molecular Bioremediation and Nanotechnology, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Sethuraman Vaidevi
- National Facility for Drug Development for Academia, Pharmaceutical and Allied Industries, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, BIT Campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli
| | - Kandasamy Ruckmani
- National Facility for Drug Development for Academia, Pharmaceutical and Allied Industries, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, BIT Campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli
| | - Kasi Pandima Devi
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University (Science Campus), Karaikudi, India
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Carvalho AMS, Heimfarth L, Pereira EWM, Oliveira FS, Menezes IRA, Coutinho HDM, Picot L, Antoniolli AR, Quintans JSS, Quintans-Júnior LJ. Phytol, a Chlorophyll Component, Produces Antihyperalgesic, Anti-inflammatory, and Antiarthritic Effects: Possible NFκB Pathway Involvement and Reduced Levels of the Proinflammatory Cytokines TNF-α and IL-6. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:1107-1117. [PMID: 32091204 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b01116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phytol is a diterpene constituent of chlorophyll and has been shown to have several pharmacological properties, particularly in relation to the management of painful inflammatory diseases. Arthritis is one of the most common of these inflammatory diseases, mainly affecting the synovial membrane, cartilage, and bone in joints. Proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-6, and the NFκB signaling pathway play a pivotal role in arthritis. However, as the mechanisms of action of phytol and its ability to reduce the levels of these cytokines are poorly understood, we decided to investigate its pharmacological effects using a mouse model of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis. Our results showed that phytol was able to inhibit joint swelling and hyperalgesia throughout the whole treatment period. Moreover, phytol reduced myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and proinflammatory cytokine release in synovial fluid and decreased IL-6 production as well as the COX-2 immunocontent in the spinal cord. It also downregulated the p38MAPK and NFκB signaling pathways. Therefore, our findings demonstrated that phytol can be an innovative antiarthritic agent due to its capacity to attenuate inflammatory reactions in joints and the spinal cord, mainly through the modulation of mediators that are key to the establishment of arthritic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Irwin R A Menezes
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Ceará 63100-000, Brazil
| | - Henrique D M Coutinho
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Ceará 63100-000, Brazil
| | - Laurent Picot
- UMRi CNRS 7266 LIENSs, University of La Rochelle, 17042 La Rochelle, France
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Podda A, Pollastri S, Bartolini P, Pisuttu C, Pellegrini E, Nali C, Cencetti G, Michelozzi M, Frassinetti S, Giorgetti L, Fineschi S, Del Carratore R, Maserti B. Drought stress modulates secondary metabolites in Brassica oleracea L. convar. acephala (DC) Alef, var. sabellica L. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:5533-5540. [PMID: 31106430 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consumer preference today is for the consumption of functional food and the reduction of chemical preservatives. Moreover, the antimicrobial properties and health-promoting qualities of plant secondary metabolites are well known. Due to forecasted climate changes and increasing human population, agricultural practices for saving water have become a concern. In the present study, the physiological responses of curly kale Brassica oleracea L. convar. Acephala (DC) var. sabellica to drought stress and the impact of water limitation on the concentration of selected secondary metabolites were investigated under laboratory-controlled conditions. RESULTS Results indicated that drought stress increased the content of trans-2-hexenal, phytol and δ-tocopherol, and decreased chlorophyll content. Moreover, drought stress increased antioxidant capacity and the expression of AOP2, a gene associated with the biosynthesis of aliphatic alkenyl glucosinolates, and of three genes - TGG1, TGGE and PEN2 - encoding for myrosinases, the enzymes involved in glucosinolate breakdown. CONCLUSION The present study shows that water limitation during the growing phase might be exploited as a sustainable practice for producing curly kale with a high concentration of nutritionally important health-promoting bioactive metabolites. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Podda
- Department of Bio and Agri-food, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection - National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Susanna Pollastri
- Department of Bio and Agri-food, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection - National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Paola Bartolini
- Department of Bio and Agri-food, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection - National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Claudia Pisuttu
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisa Pellegrini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristina Nali
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gabriele Cencetti
- Department of Bio and Agri-food, Institute of Biosciences and BioResources - National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Marco Michelozzi
- Department of Bio and Agri-food, Institute of Biosciences and BioResources - National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Stefania Frassinetti
- Research Unit of Pisa, Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology - National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lucia Giorgetti
- Research Unit of Pisa, Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology - National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Fineschi
- Department of Social Sciences and Humanities, and Cultural Heritage, Institute for the Conservation and Valorisation of Cultural Heritage - National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Renata Del Carratore
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Physiology - National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Biancaelena Maserti
- Department of Bio and Agri-food, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection - National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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