1
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Zhang JQ, Han LB. Beyond Triphenylphosphine: Advances on the Utilization of Triphenylphosphine Oxide. J Org Chem 2024; 89:2090-2103. [PMID: 38271667 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Triphenylphosphine oxide is a well-known industrial waste byproduct, and thousands of tons of it are generated every year. Due to its chemical stability and limited applications, settlement of this waste issue has drawn extensive attention from chemists. The reduction of triphenylphosphine oxide to triphenylphosphine is heretofore the most employed solution, and is well reviewed. In view of our recent studies on the selective and efficient conversion of Ph3P(O) to other valuable organophosphorus chemicals by using sodium, the present perspective mainly highlights the advances on the utilization of Ph3P(O) to prepare a diverse range of functional organophosphorus compounds, except Ph3P, via selective P-C, C-H, and P-O bond cleavages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Qiu Zhang
- Zhejiang Yangfan New Materials Co., Ltd., Shangyu, Zhejiang Province 312369, China
| | - Li-Biao Han
- Research Center of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Functional Molecular Synthesis, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
- Zhejiang Yangfan New Materials Co., Ltd., Shangyu, Zhejiang Province 312369, China
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2
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Hammerle F, Fiala J, Höck A, Huymann L, Vrabl P, Husiev Y, Bonnet S, Peintner U, Siewert B. Fungal Anthraquinone Photoantimicrobials Challenge the Dogma of Cationic Photosensitizers. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:2247-2257. [PMID: 37708055 PMCID: PMC10616806 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c01157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The photoantimicrobial potential of four mushroom species (i.e., Cortinarius cinnabarinus, C. holoxanthus, C. malicorius, and C. sanguineus) was explored by studying the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) via a light-modified broth microdilution assay based on the recommended protocols of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST). The extracts were tested against Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus under blue (λ = 428 and 478 nm, H = 30 J/cm2) and green light (λ = 528 nm, H = 30 J/cm2) irradiation. Three extracts showed significant photoantimicrobial effects at concentrations below 25 μg/mL. Targeted isolation of the major pigments from C. sanguineus led to the identification of two new potent photoantimicrobials, one of them (i.e., dermocybin) being active against S. aureus and C. albicans under green light irradiation [PhotoMIC530 = 39.5 μM (12.5 μg/mL) and 2.4 μM (0.75 μg/mL), respectively] and the other one (i.e., emodin) being in addition active against E. coli in a low micromolar range [PhotoMIC428 = 11.1 μM (3 μg/mL)]. Intriguingly, dermocybin was not (photo)cytotoxic against the three tested cell lines, adding an additional level of selectivity. Since both photoantimicrobials are not charged, this discovery shifts the paradigm of cationic photosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Hammerle
- Department
of Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy, CCB −
Centrum of Chemistry and Biomedicine, CMBI − Center for Molecular
Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Fiala
- Department
of Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy, CCB −
Centrum of Chemistry and Biomedicine, CMBI − Center for Molecular
Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anja Höck
- Department
of Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy, CCB −
Centrum of Chemistry and Biomedicine, CMBI − Center for Molecular
Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department
of Biotechnology & Food Engineering, MCI-The Entrepreneurial School, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lesley Huymann
- Department
of Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy, CCB −
Centrum of Chemistry and Biomedicine, CMBI − Center for Molecular
Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Institute
of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Pamela Vrabl
- Institute
of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Yurii Husiev
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvestre Bonnet
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ursula Peintner
- Institute
of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bianka Siewert
- Department
of Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy, CCB −
Centrum of Chemistry and Biomedicine, CMBI − Center for Molecular
Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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3
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Kolarikova M, Hosikova B, Dilenko H, Barton-Tomankova K, Valkova L, Bajgar R, Malina L, Kolarova H. Photodynamic therapy: Innovative approaches for antibacterial and anticancer treatments. Med Res Rev 2023. [PMID: 36757198 DOI: 10.1002/med.21935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy is an alternative treatment mainly for cancer but also for bacterial infections. This treatment dates back to 1900 when a German medical school graduate Oscar Raab found a photodynamic effect while doing research for his doctoral dissertation with Professor Hermann von Tappeiner. Unexpectedly, Raab revealed that the toxicity of acridine on paramecium depends on the intensity of light in his laboratory. Photodynamic therapy is therefore based on the administration of a photosensitizer with subsequent light irradiation within the absorption maxima of this substance followed by reactive oxygen species formation and finally cell death. Although this treatment is not a novelty, there is an endeavor for various modifications to the therapy. For example, selectivity and efficiency of the photosensitizer, as well as irradiation with various types of light sources are still being modified to improve final results of the photodynamic therapy. The main aim of this review is to summarize anticancer and antibacterial modifications, namely various compounds, approaches, and techniques, to enhance the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marketa Kolarikova
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Hosikova
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Hanna Dilenko
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Barton-Tomankova
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Valkova
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Bajgar
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Malina
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Kolarova
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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4
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Sandoval-Altamirano C, Berrios E, Morales J, Silva C, Gunther G. Phenalenone Derivatives: The voyage from Photosensitizers to Push-Pull fluorescent molecules. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2023.114587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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5
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Triphenylphosphonium Modified Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle for Enhanced Algicidal Efficacy of Cyclohexyl-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl) Amine. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911901. [PMID: 36233203 PMCID: PMC9569965 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs) have been widely used for the delivery of different hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs owing to their large surface area and ease of chemical alteration. On the other hand, triphenylphosphonium cation (TPP+) with high lipophilicity has a great mitochondrial homing property that stimulates the internalization of drugs into cells. Therefore, we designed a TPP-modified MSNP to enhance the algicidal activity of our new algicidal agent cyclohexyl-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl) amine (DP92). In this study, algicidal activity was evaluated by assessing the growth rate inhibition of two harmful algal blooms (HABs), Heterosigma akashiwo and Heterocapsa circularisquama, after treatment with DP92-loaded MSNP or TPP-MSNP and DP92 in DMSO (as control). For H. akashiwo, the IC50 values of TPP-MSNP and MSNP are 0.03 ± 0.01 and 0.16 ± 0.03 µM, respectively, whereas the value of the control is 0.27 ± 0.02 µM. For H. circularisquama, the IC50 values of TPP-MSNP and MSNP are 0.10 ± 0.02 and 0.29 ± 0.02 µM, respectively, whereas the value of the control is 1.90 ± 0.09 µM. Results have indicated that TPP-MSNP efficiently enhanced the algicidal activity of DP92, signifying the prospect of using DP92-loaded TPP-MSNP as an algicidal agent for the superior management of HABs.
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6
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De Bonfils P, Sandoval‐Altamirano C, Moreau X, Nun P, Laurent AD, Gunther G, Coeffard V. Synthesis and Photophysical Characterizations of Pyrroloquinolone Photosensitizers for Singlet Oxygen Production. Photochem Photobiol 2022; 99:642-651. [PMID: 35976774 DOI: 10.1111/php.13681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of pyrroloquinolone photosensitizers bearing different halogen substituents (Cl, Br, I) on the heterocyclic framework was studied. These structures were readily prepared through a multi-step synthetic sequence involving an oxidative protocol as an important step to access the quinolone framework. Spectroscopic characterizations and computational investigations were carried out to study the dyes before and after the oxidative step. Interestingly, the fluorescence emission was significantly reduced upon oxidation. In spite of a low photostability under UV light, the pyrroloquinolone photosensitizers proved effective to produce singlet oxygen. Higher singlet oxygen quantum yields were obtained with photosensitizers bearing halogen atoms with a higher atomic number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul De Bonfils
- Nantes Université CNRS, CEISAM, UMR 6230 F‐44000 Nantes France
| | | | - Xavier Moreau
- Université Paris‐Saclay UVSQ, CNRS, Institut Lavoisier de Versailles 78035 Versailles France
| | - Pierrick Nun
- Nantes Université CNRS, CEISAM, UMR 6230 F‐44000 Nantes France
| | | | - German Gunther
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Casilla 233 Santiago 1 Chile
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7
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Delcanale P, Abbruzzetti S, Viappiani C. Photodynamic treatment of pathogens. LA RIVISTA DEL NUOVO CIMENTO 2022; 45:407-459. [PMCID: PMC8921710 DOI: 10.1007/s40766-022-00031-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The current viral pandemic has highlighted the compelling need for effective and versatile treatments, that can be quickly tuned to tackle new threats, and are robust against mutations. Development of such treatments is made even more urgent in view of the decreasing effectiveness of current antibiotics, that makes microbial infections the next emerging global threat. Photodynamic effect is one such method. It relies on physical processes proceeding from excited states of particular organic molecules, called photosensitizers, generated upon absorption of visible or near infrared light. The excited states of these molecules, tailored to undergo efficient intersystem crossing, interact with molecular oxygen and generate short lived reactive oxygen species (ROS), mostly singlet oxygen. These species are highly cytotoxic through non-specific oxidation reactions and constitute the basis of the treatment. In spite of the apparent simplicity of the principle, the method still has to face important challenges. For instance, the short lifetime of ROS means that the photosensitizer must reach the target within a few tens nanometers, which requires proper molecular engineering at the nanoscale level. Photoactive nanostructures thus engineered should ideally comprise a functionality that turns the system into a theranostic means, for instance, through introduction of fluorophores suitable for nanoscopy. We discuss the principles of the method and the current molecular strategies that have been and still are being explored in antimicrobial and antiviral photodynamic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Delcanale
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 7A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Stefania Abbruzzetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 7A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Cristiano Viappiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 7A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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8
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Fiala J, Schöbel H, Vrabl P, Dietrich D, Hammerle F, Artmann DJ, Stärz R, Peintner U, Siewert B. A New High-Throughput-Screening-Assay for Photoantimicrobials Based on EUCAST Revealed Unknown Photoantimicrobials in Cortinariaceae. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:703544. [PMID: 34421861 PMCID: PMC8375034 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.703544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is one of the biggest health and subsequent economic threat humanity faces. Next to massive global awareness campaigns, governments and NGOs alike stress the need for new innovative strategies to treat microbial infections. One of such innovative strategies is the photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) in which the synergistic effects of photons and drugs are exploited. While many promising reports are available, PACT - and especially the drug-design part behind - is still in its infancy. Common best-practice rules, such as the EUCAST or CLSI protocols for classic antibiotics as well as high-throughput screenings, are missing, and this, in turn, hampers the identification of hit structures. Hit-like structures might come from synthetic approaches or from natural sources. They are identified via activity-guided synthesis or isolation strategies. As source for new antimicrobials, fungi are highly ranked. They share the same ecological niche with many other microbes and consequently established chemical strategies to combat with the others. Recently, in members of the Cortinariaceae, especially of the subgenus Dermocybe, photoactive metabolites were detected. To study their putative photoantimicrobial effect, a photoantimicrobial high-throughput screening (HTS) based on The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) was established. After validation, the established HTS was used to evaluate a sample set containing six colorful representatives from the genus Cortinarius (i.e., Cortinarius callisteus, C. rufo-olivaceus, C. traganus, C. trivialis, C. venetus, and C. xanthophyllus). The assay is built on a uniform, light-emitting diode (LED)-based light irradiation across a 96-well microtiter plate, which was achieved by a pioneering arrangement of the LEDs. The validation of the assay was accomplished with well-known photoactive drugs, so-called photosensitizers, utilizing six distinct emission wavelengths (λexc = 428, 478, 523, 598, or 640 nm) and three microbial strains (Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli). Evaluating the extracts of six Cortinarius species revealed two highly promising species, i.e., C. rufo-olivaceus and C. xanthophyllus. Extracts from the latter were photoactive against the Gram-positive S. aureus (c = 7.5 μg/ml, H = 30 J/cm2, λ = 478 nm) and the fungus C. albicans (c = 75 μg/ml, H = 30 J/cm2, λ = 478 nm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Fiala
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Pamela Vrabl
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dorothea Dietrich
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Fabian Hammerle
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Ronald Stärz
- MCI - The Entrepreneurial School, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ursula Peintner
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bianka Siewert
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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9
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Polat E, Kang K. Natural Photosensitizers in Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy. Biomedicines 2021; 9:584. [PMID: 34063973 PMCID: PMC8224061 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9060584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Health problems and reduced treatment effectiveness due to antimicrobial resistance have become important global problems and are important factors that negatively affect life expectancy. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) is constantly evolving and can minimize this antimicrobial resistance problem. Reactive oxygen species produced when nontoxic photosensitizers are exposed to light are the main functional components of APDT responsible for microbial destruction; therefore, APDT has a broad spectrum of target pathogens, such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Various photosensitizers, including natural extracts, compounds, and their synthetic derivatives, are being investigated. The main limitations, such as weak antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, solubility, specificity, and cost, encourage the exploration of new photosensitizer candidates. Many additional methods, such as cell surface engineering, cotreatment with membrane-damaging agents, nanotechnology, computational simulation, and sonodynamic therapy, are also being investigated to develop novel APDT methods with improved properties. In this review, we summarize APDT research, focusing on natural photosensitizers used in in vitro and in vivo experimental models. In addition, we describe the limitations observed for natural photosensitizers and the methods developed to counter those limitations with emerging technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ece Polat
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Gangwon-do, Korea;
| | - Kyungsu Kang
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Gangwon-do, Korea;
- Division of Bio-Medical Science Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Gangneung 25451, Gangwon-do, Korea
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10
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Klausen M, Ucuncu M, Bradley M. Design of Photosensitizing Agents for Targeted Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy. Molecules 2020; 25:E5239. [PMID: 33182751 PMCID: PMC7696090 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic inactivation of microorganisms has gained substantial attention due to its unique mode of action, in which pathogens are unable to generate resistance, and due to the fact that it can be applied in a minimally invasive manner. In photodynamic therapy (PDT), a non-toxic photosensitizer (PS) is activated by a specific wavelength of light and generates highly cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide (O2-, type-I mechanism) or singlet oxygen (1O2*, type-II mechanism). Although it offers many advantages over conventional treatment methods, ROS-mediated microbial killing is often faced with the issues of accessibility, poor selectivity and off-target damage. Thus, several strategies have been employed to develop target-specific antimicrobial PDT (aPDT). This includes conjugation of known PS building-blocks to either non-specific cationic moieties or target-specific antibiotics and antimicrobial peptides, or combining them with targeting nanomaterials. In this review, we summarise these general strategies and related challenges, and highlight recent developments in targeted aPDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Klausen
- School of Chemistry and the EPSRC IRC Proteus, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, UK;
| | - Muhammed Ucuncu
- School of Chemistry and the EPSRC IRC Proteus, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, UK;
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir 35620, Turkey
| | - Mark Bradley
- School of Chemistry and the EPSRC IRC Proteus, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, UK;
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Godard J, Brégier F, Arnoux P, Myrzakhmetov B, Champavier Y, Frochot C, Sol V. New Phenalenone Derivatives: Synthesis and Evaluation of Their Singlet Oxygen Quantum Yield. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:28264-28272. [PMID: 33163810 PMCID: PMC7643266 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
1H-Phenalen-1-one is a very efficient and easy-to-synthesize photosensitizer. Many substitutions have been previously described, but most of them significantly reduce the singlet oxygen quantum yield. The chloromethyl derivative described elsewhere is a good starting point for the synthesis of many useful derivatives because of the methylene bridge that saves its unique photosensitizing properties. Eighteen new phenalenone derivatives have been synthesized, bearing amine, carboxylic acid, alcohol, azide, and other major functional groups in organic chemistry. These reactions were carried out in good-to-excellent yields, and most of these new compounds retained the singlet oxygen quantum yield of the parent molecule. These new derivatives are very promising precursors for a number of applications such as the development of photosensitive antimicrobial agents or materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Godard
- Université
de Limoges, Laboratoire PEIRENE EA 7500, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Frédérique Brégier
- Université
de Limoges, Laboratoire PEIRENE EA 7500, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges Cedex, France
- GDR CNRS 2067, “MAPYRO” Paris, France
| | - Philippe Arnoux
- Université de Lorraine, Laboratoire Réactions et Génies
des Procédés, UMR 7274 CNRS, ENSIC, 1 Rue Grandville, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France
- GDR CNRS 2067, “MAPYRO” Paris, France
| | - Bauyrzhan Myrzakhmetov
- Université de Lorraine, Laboratoire Réactions et Génies
des Procédés, UMR 7274 CNRS, ENSIC, 1 Rue Grandville, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Yves Champavier
- BISCEm, FR3503 GEIST, Centre de Biologie et de Recherche en Santé
(CBRS), 2 rue du Dr Marcland, 87025 Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Céline Frochot
- Université de Lorraine, Laboratoire Réactions et Génies
des Procédés, UMR 7274 CNRS, ENSIC, 1 Rue Grandville, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France
- GDR CNRS 2067, “MAPYRO” Paris, France
| | - Vincent Sol
- Université
de Limoges, Laboratoire PEIRENE EA 7500, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges Cedex, France
- GDR CNRS 2067, “MAPYRO” Paris, France
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12
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Membrane-Targeting Triphenylphosphonium Functionalized Ciprofloxacin for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9110758. [PMID: 33143023 PMCID: PMC7693559 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9110758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria have become a severe problem for public health. Developing new antibiotics for MDR bacteria is difficult, from inception to the clinically approved stage. Here, we have used a new approach, modification of an antibiotic, ciprofloxacin (CFX), with triphenylphosphonium (TPP, PPh3) moiety via ester- (CFX-ester-PPh3) and amide-coupling (CFX-amide-PPh3) to target bacterial membranes. In this study, we have evaluated the antibacterial activities of CFX and its derivatives against 16 species of bacteria, including MDR bacteria, using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay, morphological monitoring, and expression of resistance-related genes. TPP-conjugated CFX, CFX-ester-PPh3, and CFX-amide-PPh3 showed significantly improved antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, including MDR S. aureus (methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA)) strains. The MRSA ST5 5016 strain showed high antibacterial activity, with MIC values of 11.12 µg/mL for CFX-ester-PPh3 and 2.78 µg/mL for CFX-amide-PPh3. The CFX derivatives inhibited biofilm formation in MRSA by more than 74.9% of CFX-amide-PPh3. In the sub-MIC, CFX derivatives induced significant morphological changes in MRSA, including irregular deformation and membrane disruption, accompanied by a decrease in the level of resistance-related gene expression. With these promising results, this method is very likely to combat MDR bacteria through a simple TPP moiety modification of known antibiotics, which can be readily prepared at clinical sites.
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13
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Lei Q, Lai X, Zhang Y, Li Z, Li R, Zhang W, Ao N, Zhang H. PEGylated Bis-Quaternary Triphenyl-Phosphonium Tosylate Allows for Balanced Antibacterial Activity and Cytotoxicity. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:6400-6407. [PMID: 35021771 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Quaternary triphenylphosphonium compounds (TPP+) have been widely recognized as an important antimicrobial because of their fast antimicrobial speed and broad antimicrobial spectrum. However, small-molecule TPP+ compounds have the defects of toxicity, which is the key factor that limits their practical applications. Here, two mono- and one bis-quaternary phosphonium tosylate compounds with different lengths of oligo(ethylene glycol) (OEG) chains and TPP+ as the active moiety were synthesized. Bis-TPP+ have a short OEG chain coupling two TPP+ at both ends, while mono-TPP+ attaches the OEG chain at one end in one molecule. In vitro antibacterial activities were evaluated against both Gram-positive as well as Gram-negative bacteria in terms of the inhibition zone (ZOI) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). To investigate the antibacterial mechanism, β-galactosidase activity was monitored for measuring the degree of membrane permeability correlated to the abilities to disrupt the membranes of bacteria. Moreover, their structure-antibacterial activity and structure-cytotoxicity relationships were further analyzed. The results indicated that bis-TPP+ synthesized can reach the sterilization rate 90% or more against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus at MICs of 3.1 and 1.5 mg/mL, respectively, and meanwhile, the cell proliferation can reach more than 80%. This paper represents an excellent approach for development of bis-TPP+ bactericidal molecules that would achieve an optimal balance between antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Lei
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xuexu Lai
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhou Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Riwang Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wenning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ningjian Ao
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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14
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Azemtsop Matanfack G, Rüger J, Stiebing C, Schmitt M, Popp J. Imaging the invisible-Bioorthogonal Raman probes for imaging of cells and tissues. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2020; 13:e202000129. [PMID: 32475014 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A revolutionary avenue for vibrational imaging with super-multiplexing capability can be seen in the recent development of Raman-active bioortogonal tags or labels. These tags and isotopic labels represent groups of chemically inert and small modifications, which can be introduced to any biomolecule of interest and then supplied to single cells or entire organisms. Recent developments in the field of spontaneous Raman spectroscopy and stimulated Raman spectroscopy in combination with targeted imaging of biomolecules within living systems are the main focus of this review. After having introduced common strategies for bioorthogonal labeling, we present applications thereof for profiling of resistance patterns in bacterial cells, investigations of pharmaceutical drug-cell interactions in eukaryotic cells and cancer diagnosis in whole tissue samples. Ultimately, this approach proves to be a flexible and robust tool for in vivo imaging on several length scales and provides comparable information as fluorescence-based imaging without the need of bulky fluorescent tags.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgette Azemtsop Matanfack
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics (IPC), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology - a member of the Leibniz Research Alliance Leibniz Health Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Jena, Germany
- Research Campus Infectognostics e.V., Jena, Germany
| | - Jan Rüger
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology - a member of the Leibniz Research Alliance Leibniz Health Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Jena, Germany
| | - Clara Stiebing
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology - a member of the Leibniz Research Alliance Leibniz Health Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Schmitt
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics (IPC), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology - a member of the Leibniz Research Alliance Leibniz Health Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Jena, Germany
- Research Campus Infectognostics e.V., Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics (IPC), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology - a member of the Leibniz Research Alliance Leibniz Health Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Jena, Germany
- Research Campus Infectognostics e.V., Jena, Germany
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Maisch
- Department of DermatologyUniversity Medical Center Regensburg Regensburg Germany
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