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Karupiah T, Yong AP, Ong ZW, Tan HK, Tang WC, Salam HB. Use of a Novel Anti-Infective Noble Metal Alloy-Coated Titanium Orthopedic Nail in Patients with Open Fractures: A Case Series from Malaysia. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11121763. [PMID: 36551422 PMCID: PMC9774979 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11121763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fracture-related infection is a serious complication in orthopedic surgery with severe consequences for the patient. We evaluated whether a novel noble metal nail-coating technology can prevent bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation without interfering with bony union. In this retrospective, single-center case series, we described the incidence of fracture-related infections and bony union achievement in patients who had Gustilo type IIIa or IIIb femoral or tibial fractures treated with noble metal alloy-coated titanium nails. Patients were treated between January 2017 and January 2019 at the Sultanah Aminah Hospital, Johor Bahru, Malaysia. Information on fracture-related infections and bone healing assessments was collected from patient records. Additionally, three independent experts retrospectively reviewed patient X-ray images from follow-up visits to further evaluate bony union achievement. Thirty-five patients were included. Infection developed in 3/35 (8.6%) patients; all cases were resolved by antibiotic therapy. Radiographs were available for 32 patients; these confirmed the presence of bone healing in 30/32 (93.8%) patients. However, according to patient records, bony union was achieved in all patients. No safety issues were recorded. This case series suggests that a noble metal alloy-coated titanium nail can prevent infection and facilitate bony union achievement in patients undergoing surgery for severe open fractures.
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Dorovskikh SI, Vikulova ES, Chepeleva EV, Vasilieva MB, Nasimov DA, Maksimovskii EA, Tsygankova AR, Basova TV, Sergeevichev DS, Morozova NB. Noble Metals for Modern Implant Materials: MOCVD of Film Structures and Cytotoxical, Antibacterial, and Histological Studies. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080851. [PMID: 34440054 PMCID: PMC8389635 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This work is aimed at developing the modification of the surface of medical implants with film materials based on noble metals in order to improve their biological characteristics. Gas-phase transportation methods were proposed to obtain such materials. To determine the effect of the material of the bottom layer of heterometallic structures, Ir, Pt, and PtIr coatings with a thickness of 1.4-1.5 μm were deposited by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) on Ti6Al4V alloy discs. Two types of antibacterial components, namely, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and discontinuous Ag coatings, were deposited on the surface of these coatings. AuNPs (11-14 nm) were deposited by a pulsed MOCVD method, while Ag films (35-40 nm in thickness) were obtained by physical vapor deposition (PVD). The cytotoxic (24 h and 48 h, toward peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)) and antibacterial (24 h) properties of monophase (Ag, Ir, Pt, and PtIr) and heterophase (Ag/Pt, Ag/Ir, Ag/PtIr, Au/Pt, Au/Ir, and Au/PtIr) film materials deposited on Ti-alloy samples were studied in vitro and compared with those of uncoated Ti-alloy samples. Studies of the cytokine production by PBMCs in response to incubation of the samples for 24 and 48 h and histological studies at 1 and 3 months after subcutaneous implantation in rats were also performed. Despite the comparable thickness of the fibrous capsule after 3 months, a faster completion of the active phase of encapsulation was observed for the coated implants compared to the Ti alloy analogs. For the Ag-containing samples, growth inhibition of S. epidermidis, S. aureus, Str. pyogenes, P. aeruginosa, and Ent. faecium was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana I. Dorovskikh
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (S.I.D.); (E.S.V.); (E.A.M.); (A.R.T.); (T.V.B.)
| | - Evgeniia S. Vikulova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (S.I.D.); (E.S.V.); (E.A.M.); (A.R.T.); (T.V.B.)
| | - Elena V. Chepeleva
- E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 15 Rechkunovskaya Str., 630055 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.V.C.); (M.B.V.); (D.S.S.)
| | - Maria B. Vasilieva
- E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 15 Rechkunovskaya Str., 630055 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.V.C.); (M.B.V.); (D.S.S.)
| | - Dmitriy A. Nasimov
- Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 15 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Eugene A. Maksimovskii
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (S.I.D.); (E.S.V.); (E.A.M.); (A.R.T.); (T.V.B.)
| | - Alphiya R. Tsygankova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (S.I.D.); (E.S.V.); (E.A.M.); (A.R.T.); (T.V.B.)
| | - Tamara V. Basova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (S.I.D.); (E.S.V.); (E.A.M.); (A.R.T.); (T.V.B.)
| | - David S. Sergeevichev
- E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 15 Rechkunovskaya Str., 630055 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.V.C.); (M.B.V.); (D.S.S.)
| | - Natalya B. Morozova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (S.I.D.); (E.S.V.); (E.A.M.); (A.R.T.); (T.V.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +73-833-309-556
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Volatile Iridium and Platinum MOCVD Precursors: Chemistry, Thermal Properties, Materials and Prospects for Their Application in Medicine. COATINGS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings11010078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Interest in iridium and platinum has been steadily encouraged due to such unique properties as exceptional chemical inertia and corrosion resistance, high biological compatibility, and mechanical strength, which are the basis for their application in medical practice. Metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) is a promising method to fabricate Ir and Pt nanomaterials, multilayers, and heterostructures. Its advantages include precise control of the material composition and microstructure in deposition processes at relatively low temperatures onto non-planar substrates. The development of MOCVD processes is inextricably linked with the development of the chemistry of volatile precursors, viz., specially designed coordination and organometallic compounds. This review describes the synthesis methods of various iridium and platinum precursors, their thermal properties, and examples of the use of MOCVD, including formation of films for medical application and bimetallics. Although metal acetylacetonates are currently the most widely used precursors, the recently developed heteroligand Ir(I) and Pt(IV) complexes appear to be more promising in both synthetic and thermochemical aspects. Their main advantage is their ability to control thermal properties by modifying several types of ligands, making them tunable to deposit films onto different types of materials and to select a combination of compatible compounds for obtaining the bimetallic materials.
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Wells JW. Avoiding degradation of chemotherapy drugs: is graphene the answer? Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:3307-10. [PMID: 26582274 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Justin W Wells
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science & Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
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Abstract
Clinicians and investigators have been implanting biomedical devices into patients and experimental animals for centuries. There is a characteristic complex inflammatory response to the presence of the biomedical device with diverse cell signaling, followed by migration of fibroblasts to the implant surface and the eventual walling off of the implant in a collagen capsule. If the device is to interact with the surrounding tissues, the collagen envelope will eventually incapacitate the device or myofibroblasts can cause capsular contracture with resulting distortion, migration, or firmness. This review analyzes the various tactics used in the past to modify or control capsule formation with suggestions for future investigative approaches.
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Svensson S, Trobos M, Hoffman M, Norlindh B, Petronis S, Lausmaa J, Suska F, Thomsen P. A novel soft tissue model for biomaterial-associated infection and inflammation - bacteriological, morphological and molecular observations. Biomaterials 2014; 41:106-21. [PMID: 25522970 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Infection constitutes a major risk for implant failure, but the reasons why biomaterial sites are more vulnerable than normal tissue are not fully elucidated. In this study, a soft tissue infection model was developed, allowing the analysis of cellular and molecular responses in each of the sub-compartments of the implant-tissue interface (on the implant surface, in the surrounding exudate and in the tissue). Smooth and nanostructured titanium disks with or without noble metal chemistry (silver, gold, palladium), and sham sites, were inoculated with Staphylococcus epidermidis and analysed with respect to number of viable bacteria, number, viability and gene expression of host cells, and using different morphological techniques after 4 h, 24 h and 72 h. Non-infected rats were controls. Results showed a transient inflammatory response at control sites, whereas bacterial administration resulted in higher recruitment of inflammatory cells (mainly polymorphonuclear), higher, continuous cell death and higher gene expression of tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, Toll-like receptor 2 and elastase. At all time points, S. epidermidis was predominantly located in the interface zone, extra- and intracellularly, and lower levels were detected on the implants compared with surrounding exudate. This model allows detailed analysis of early events in inflammation and infection associated to biomaterials in vivo leading to insights into host defence mechanisms in biomaterial-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Svensson
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Box 412, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Box 412, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Margarita Trobos
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Box 412, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Box 412, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria Hoffman
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Box 412, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Box 412, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Birgitta Norlindh
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Box 412, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Box 412, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sarunas Petronis
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Box 412, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, Box 857, 501 15 Borås, Sweden
| | - Jukka Lausmaa
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Box 412, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, Box 857, 501 15 Borås, Sweden
| | - Felicia Suska
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Box 412, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Box 412, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter Thomsen
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Box 412, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Box 412, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Svensson S, Forsberg M, Hulander M, Vazirisani F, Palmquist A, Lausmaa J, Thomsen P, Trobos M. Role of nanostructured gold surfaces on monocyte activation and Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:775-94. [PMID: 24550671 PMCID: PMC3925225 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s51465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of material surface properties in the direct interaction with bacteria and the indirect route via host defense cells is not fully understood. Recently, it was suggested that nanostructured implant surfaces possess antimicrobial properties. In the current study, the adhesion and biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis and human monocyte adhesion and activation were studied separately and in coculture in different in vitro models using smooth gold and well-defined nanostructured gold surfaces. Two polystyrene surfaces were used as controls in the monocyte experiments. Fluorescent viability staining demonstrated a reduction in the viability of S. epidermidis close to the nanostructured gold surface, whereas the smooth gold correlated with more live biofilm. The results were supported by scanning electron microscopy observations, showing higher biofilm tower formations and more mature biofilms on smooth gold compared with nanostructured gold. Unstimulated monocytes on the different substrates demonstrated low activation, reduced gene expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and low cytokine secretion. In contrast, stimulation with opsonized zymosan or opsonized live S. epidermidis for 1 hour significantly increased the production of reactive oxygen species, the gene expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and IL-10, as well as the secretion of TNF-α, demonstrating the ability of the cells to elicit a response and actively phagocytose prey. In addition, cells cultured on the smooth gold and the nanostructured gold displayed a different adhesion pattern and a more rapid oxidative burst than those cultured on polystyrene upon stimulation. We conclude that S. epidermidis decreased its viability initially when adhering to nanostructured surfaces compared with smooth gold surfaces, especially in the bacterial cell layers closest to the surface. In contrast, material surface properties neither strongly promoted nor attenuated the activity of monocytes when exposed to zymosan particles or S. epidermidis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Svensson
- Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden ; BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Magnus Forsberg
- Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden ; BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mats Hulander
- Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden ; BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Forugh Vazirisani
- Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden ; BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Palmquist
- Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden ; BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jukka Lausmaa
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden ; SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, Borås, Sweden
| | - Peter Thomsen
- Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden ; BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Margarita Trobos
- Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden ; BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Svensson S, Suska F, Emanuelsson L, Palmquist A, Norlindh B, Trobos M, Bäckros H, Persson L, Rydja G, Ohrlander M, Lyvén B, Lausmaa J, Thomsen P. Osseointegration of titanium with an antimicrobial nanostructured noble metal coating. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2013; 9:1048-56. [PMID: 23639678 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2013.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2012] [Revised: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Nanometer scale surface features on implants and prostheses can potentially be used to enhance osseointegration and may also add further functionalities, such as infection resistance, to the implant. In this study, a nanostructured noble metal coating consisting of palladium, gold and silver, never previously used in bone applications, was applied to machined titanium screws to evaluate osseointegration after 6 and 12 weeks in rabbit tibiae and femurs. Infection resistance was confirmed by in vitro adhesion test. A qualitatively and quantitatively similar in vivo bone response was observed for the coated and uncoated control screws, using histology, histomorphometry and electron microscopy. The bone-implant interface analysis revealed an extensive bone formation and direct bone-implant contact. These results demonstrate that the nanostructured noble metal coating with antimicrobial properties promotes osseointegration and may therefore be used to add extra implant functionality in the form of increased resistance to infection without the use of antibiotics. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR The authors of this paper demonstrate that nanostructured noble metal coating of implants and prostheses used in orthopedic procedures promotes osseointegration and may be used to add extra implant functionality in the form of increased resistance to infection without the use of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Svensson
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Göteborg, Sweden; Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.
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Dahlin C, Johansson A, Hoffman M, Molenberg A. Early biocompatibility of poly (ethylene glycol) hydrogel barrier materials for guided bone regeneration. An in vitro study using human gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1). Clin Oral Implants Res 2012; 25:16-20. [PMID: 23173910 DOI: 10.1111/clr.12076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the early cellular attachment and viability to modified polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogels with the influence of arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) in an in vitro model system. MATERIAL AND METHODS Human gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1) were cultured on 6 different modalities of PEG hydrogel in hydrophobic polystyrene wells. A total of 7500 cells/well (10,000 cells/cm(2)) were dispersed over the PEG filled wells and incubated in triplicates for 24 h, 7 and 13 days. Cell numbers were calculated by means of a NucleoCounter. Cell viability was determined by measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). For statistical analysis, nonparametric Kruska-Wallis test followed by Dunetts T3 test were used. RESULTS All PEG modifications showed good biocompatibility, as demonstrated by low LDH values per cell at the earlier two time points. After 13 days, all PEG modifications showed significantly lower number of cells compared with the controls, and the MX60 configurations demonstrated significantly higher LDH/cell values compared with the other hydrogels. CONCLUSIONS Modifications of the physio-chemical properties of PEG hydrogels and the addition of RGD and spacers influenced the initial cellular response of cultured HGF-1 cells. With the exception of MX60 after 13 days, all PEG formulations performed similarly well. Early cellular response should be considered when developing PEG-based material for clinical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christer Dahlin
- Department of Biomaterials, Institutie for Surgical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden; Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, NÄL Medical Centre Hospital, Trollhättan, Sweden
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Stranak V, Wulff H, Rebl H, Zietz C, Arndt K, Bogdanowicz R, Nebe B, Bader R, Podbielski A, Hubicka Z, Hippler R. Deposition of thin titanium–copper films with antimicrobial effect by advanced magnetron sputtering methods. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2011.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Locht LJ, Pedersen MØ, Markholt S, Bibby BM, Larsen A, Penkowa M, Stoltenberg M, Rungby J. Metallic silver fragments cause massive tissue loss in the mouse brain. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2011; 109:1-10. [PMID: 21205224 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2010.00668.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Silver is a metal with well-known antibacterial effects. This makes silver an attractive coating material for medical devices for use inside the body, e.g. orthopaedic prostheses and catheters used in neurosurgery as it has been found to reduce the high risk of infections. Lately, the use of nano-silver particles in the industry, e.g. woven into fabrics and furniture has increased, and thus the exposure to silver particles in daily life increases. To study the effect of metallic silver particles on nervous tissue, we injected micron-sized silver particles into the mouse brain by stereotactic procedures. After 7, 14 days and 9 months, the silver-exposed animals had considerable brain damage seen as cavity formation and inflammation adjacent to the injected metallic silver particles. The tissue loss involved both cortical and hippocampal structures and resulted in enlargement of the lateral ventricles. Autometallographic silver enhancement showed silver uptake in lysosomes of glia cells and neurons in the ipsilateral cortex and hippocampus alongside a minor uptake on the contralateral side. Silver was also detected in ependymal cells and the choroid plexus. After 9 months, spreading of silver to the kidneys was seen. Cell counts of immunostained sections showed that metallic silver induced a statistically significant inflammatory response, i.e. increased microgliosis (7 days: p < 0.0001; 14 days: p < 0.01; 9 months: p < 0.0001) and TNF-α expression (7 and 14 days: p < 0.0001; 9 months: p = 0.91). Significant astrogliosis (7, 14 days and 9 months: p < 0.0001) and increased metallothionein (MT I + II) expression (7 and 14 days: p < 0.0001; 9 months: p < 0.001) were also seen in silver-exposed brain tissue. We conclude that metallic silver implants release silver ions causing neuroinflammation and a progressive tissue loss in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Jansons Locht
- Section of Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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Brammer KS, Choi C, Frandsen CJ, Oh S, Jin S. Hydrophobic nanopillars initiate mesenchymal stem cell aggregation and osteo-differentiation. Acta Biomater 2011; 7:683-90. [PMID: 20863916 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2010.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2010] [Revised: 09/09/2010] [Accepted: 09/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Surface engineering approaches that alter the physical topography of a substrate could be used as an effective tool and as an alternative to biochemical means of directing stem cell interactions and their subsequent differentiation. In this paper we compare hydrophobic micro- vs. nanopillar type fabrication techniques for probing mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) interaction with the surface physical environment. The roles played by the topography of the nanopillar in particular influenced MSC growth and allowed for regulatory control of the stem cell fate. The nanopillar induced large 3-D cell aggregates to form on the surface which had up-regulated osteogenic specific matrix components. The ability to control MSC differentiation, using only the topographical factors, has a profound effect on both MSC biology and tissue engineering. This study aims to highlight the importance of the physical material carrier in stem cell based tissue engineering schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla S Brammer
- Materials Science & Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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New Strategies in the Development of Antimicrobial Coatings: The Example of Increasing Usage of Silver and Silver Nanoparticles. Polymers (Basel) 2011. [DOI: 10.3390/polym3010340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 337] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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Newton LAA, Leslie R, Davis J. Developing a Strategy for the Spatial Localisation and Autonomous Release of Silver Nanoparticles within Smart Implants. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.4061/2011/197936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of antibiotic resistance has increased during the last few years and is viewed as a growing problem which has fuelled copious amounts of research on the development of new antibacterial agents. Silver is well recognized as possessing antibacterial activity, and so by harnessing these properties and incorporating silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) within microdevices, possessing microfluidic channels has much promise. Progress in developing these types of systems has been limited due to the technological difficulties involved in controlling the inclusion of these nanoparticles within the devices. This work provides an insight into a novel electrochemical interaction that can enable not only the localisation of silver within such structures but also enables the smart release of AgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A. A. Newton
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Ray Leslie
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
| | - James Davis
- School of Engineering, NIBEC, University of Ulster, Jordanstown, Newtownabbey, Co. Antrim, Northern Ireland BT37 0QB, UK
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