1
|
Liu Y, Han J, Wang Y, Li A, Zhao J, Su Y, Shen L, Xing B. Suspected sources of microplastics and nanoplastics: Contamination from experimental reagents and solvents. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 249:120925. [PMID: 38039819 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing concern about the potential effects of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics on human health and other organisms. For the separation and detection of MPs, there are various approaches, and the distinct procedures led to different results. However, the presence of MPs in the reagents was not addressed, which could cause false and/or inaccurate results during MPs detection. In this study, the chemical reagents commonly used for the separation and detection of MPs were selected to ascertain whether these reagents introduce MPs. It was shown that a large number of MPs were detected in the reagent and solvent samples. The largest number of MPs (>1 μm) was detected in the KOH reagent, with the abundance of 3070 items/g. The order of MPs abundance in the selected reagents was: KOH > NaCl > CaCl2 > SDS > NaI > H2O2. The types of MPs were the same as the body and stopper of the reagent packaging bottles. MPs size detected in reagent bottles was primarily smaller than 10 μm. The abundance of MPs in the reagents were independent of their purity, however, there was a certain difference in MPs abundance in reagents from different manufacturers. Furthermore, the presence of nanoplastics (< 1 μm) was verified in the reagents through Py-GCMS, with the abundance (39.47-43.01 mg/kg) higher than that of MPs. The obtained results in this study raised specific requirements and cautions for MPs and nanoplastics related research in terms of quality control. Also, this work can facilitate a more accurate assessment of MPs concentrations in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingnan Liu
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Jie Han
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yanhua Wang
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Aoze Li
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Jian Zhao
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yu Su
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lezu Shen
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Martínez E, Osorio M, Finkielstein C, Ortíz I, Peresin MS, Castro C. 5-Fluorouracil drug delivery system based on bacterial nanocellulose for colorectal cancer treatment: Mathematical and in vitro evaluation. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 220:802-815. [PMID: 35998853 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common worldwide. Its treatment includes adjuvant chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil (5FU) administered intravenously. 5FU is an antineoplastic drug of the fluoropyrimidines group, widely used in the treatment of solid tumors, mainly CRC. Nevertheless, it causes several adverse effects and poor effectiveness due to its short half-life. This work aimed to employ bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) as an encapsulation material for the oral administration of 5FU. First, the adsorption phenomena were analyzed by isotherms, thermodynamic parameters, and kinetic models. Then, encapsulation was carried out using spray-drying, and encapsulated 5FU desorption profiles were assessed in simulated fluids. The biological behavior was evaluated on colon cancer SW480 and SW620 cell lines. As result, it was found that at 25 °C a monolayer of 5FU was formed and the process showed to be the most spontaneous one. In the characterization of the nanocapsules, important changes were detected by the presence of 5FU. The delivery in the colon corresponded to a controlled release behavior. The in vitro assay indicated an improvement in the toxicity effect of the drug and its mechanism of action. Accordingly, BNC is a promising biomaterial for the development of a colon drug delivery platform of 5FU.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Martínez
- Grupo de Investigación sobre Nuevos Materiales (GINUMA), Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Colombia
| | - M Osorio
- Grupo de Investigación sobre Nuevos Materiales (GINUMA), Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Colombia; Grupo de investigación Biología de Sistemas, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Colombia
| | - C Finkielstein
- Cancer Research Group, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, United States
| | - I Ortíz
- Grupo de investigación Biología de Sistemas, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Colombia
| | - Maria S Peresin
- Sustainable Bio-Based Materials Lab, Forest Products Development Center, College of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - C Castro
- Grupo de Investigación sobre Nuevos Materiales (GINUMA), Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Colombia.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hu T, Wu F, Song Y, Liu S, Duan J, Zhu Y, Cao J, Zhang D. Morphology and mineralogical composition of sandblasting dust particles from the Taklimakan Desert. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 834:155315. [PMID: 35447171 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The physicochemical characteristics of dust particles from the Taklimakan Desert are the fundamental basis for the assessment of particle variation during their long-distance transport and the subsequent environmental effects. In this study, 43,222 individual sandblasting dust particles, which were mobilised using a chamber with surface soils of sand dunes and Gobi (the two types of surfaces constituting the desert) were analysed to statistically quantify the shape and mineralogical composition of dust particles from the desert. The mode of the number-size distribution of particles from the sand dunes was 0.5-0.7 μm and that of particles from Gobi soils was approximately 1.0 μm. In contrast, the distributions of particle number fractions versus shape factors such as aspect ratio and roundness were similar, despite the irregular shape of the particles. Clay mineral particles were most frequently composed of chlorite and kaolinite, accounting for 66.74 ± 12.08% of the particles from both types of soils. Quartz and feldspar particles accounted for 9.57 ± 4.52% and 2.84 ± 1.28%, respectively. The mineralogical composition of particles smaller than 1.0 μm, in both soil types, was dominated by chlorite (Al-Si-O-Mg), kaolinite (Ai-Si-O), and quartz (SiO). Gypsum (CaS) and halite (NaCl) were the major salt components in particles from both soil types. Gypsum-containing particles existed in a wide size range and occupied 3.42%-8.98% of the particles from Gobi soils and 0.27%-2.18% of the particles from sand dunes. Most gypsum-containing particles were mixed with Si-containing minerals in the form of silicate or aluminosilicate; the remaining gypsum-containing particles were gypsum crystals or mixtures of gypsum and Ca-containing minerals. These results provide a comprehensive statistical profile of dust particles released by the sandblasting process from the Taklimakan Desert to the atmosphere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tafeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Feng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Yingpan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Suixin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jing Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yuqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Junji Cao
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Daizhou Zhang
- Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, Kumamoto 862-8502, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li H, Fan M, Wang K, Bian X, Jiang H, Ding W. Traditional Chinese medicine extracts as novel corrosion inhibitors for AZ91 magnesium alloy in saline environment. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7367. [PMID: 35513685 PMCID: PMC9072390 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10900-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Zingiber officinale Roscoe extract, Raphanus sativus L. extract, Rheum palmatum extract, Coptis chinensis extract, Glycyrrhiza uralensis extract (GUE), Potentilla discolor extract (PDE) and Taraxacum officinale extract (TOE) were screened for the green corrosion inhibitors of AZ91 alloy in saline environment. The experiment results demonstrated that GUE, PDE and TOE can significantly enhance the corrosion resistance of AZ91 alloy by 73.4, 87.6 and 84.6%, respectively. Surface characterization using FTIR, UV–Vis and XPS revealed that the organic compounds of GUE, PDE and TOE can interact with the alloy surface to form a protective physisorbed film, effectively mitigating the corrosion process of AZ91 alloy. The present results may be helpful to discover the new green inhibitors with high inhibition efficiency for AZ91 alloy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200003, China.
| | - Kui Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China. .,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaolan Bian
- Department of Pharmacy, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200003, China.
| | - Haiyan Jiang
- National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjiang Ding
- National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Uhler M, Braun S, Schroeder S, Renkawitz T, Kretzer JP. Wear investigation based on a novel, anatomic shoulder prosthesis with bearing materials inversion. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 127:105080. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
6
|
Djukaj S, Kolář J, Lehocký R, Zadražil A, Štěpánek F. Design of particle size distribution for custom dissolution profiles by solving the inverse problem. POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2021.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
7
|
Rothammer B, Marian M, Neusser K, Bartz M, Böhm T, Krauß S, Schroeder S, Uhler M, Thiele S, Merle B, Kretzer JP, Wartzack S. Amorphous Carbon Coatings for Total Knee Replacements-Part II: Tribological Behavior. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1880. [PMID: 34198895 PMCID: PMC8201056 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Diamond-like carbon coatings may decrease implant wear, therefore, they are helping to reduce aseptic loosening and increase service life of total knee arthroplasties (TKAs). This two-part study addresses the development of such coatings for ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) tibial inlays as well as cobalt-chromium-molybdenum (CoCr) and titanium (Ti64) alloy femoral components. While the deposition of a pure (a-C:H) and tungsten-doped hydrogen-containing amorphous carbon coating (a-C:H:W) as well as the detailed characterization of mechanical and adhesion properties were the subject of Part I, the tribological behavior is studied in Part II. Pin-on-disk tests are performed under artificial synovial fluid lubrication. Numerical elastohydrodynamic lubrication modeling is used to show the representability of contact conditions for TKAs and to assess the influence of coatings on lubrication conditions. The wear behavior is characterized by means of light and laser scanning microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and particle analyses. Although the coating leads to an increase in friction due to the considerably higher roughness, especially the UHMWPE wear is significantly reduced up to a factor of 49% (CoCr) and 77% (Ti64). Thereby, the coating shows continuous wear and no sudden failure or spallation of larger wear particles. This demonstrated the great potential of amorphous carbon coatings for knee replacements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benedict Rothammer
- Engineering Design, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Martensstr. 9, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (K.N.); (M.B.); (S.W.)
| | - Max Marian
- Engineering Design, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Martensstr. 9, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (K.N.); (M.B.); (S.W.)
| | - Kevin Neusser
- Engineering Design, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Martensstr. 9, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (K.N.); (M.B.); (S.W.)
| | - Marcel Bartz
- Engineering Design, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Martensstr. 9, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (K.N.); (M.B.); (S.W.)
| | - Thomas Böhm
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy, Cauerstr. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (T.B.); (S.T.)
| | - Sebastian Krauß
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films (IZNF) Institute I, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Cauerstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (S.K.); (B.M.)
| | - Stefan Schroeder
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.S.); (M.U.); (J.P.K.)
| | - Maximilian Uhler
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.S.); (M.U.); (J.P.K.)
| | - Simon Thiele
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy, Cauerstr. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (T.B.); (S.T.)
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Benoit Merle
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films (IZNF) Institute I, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Cauerstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (S.K.); (B.M.)
| | - Jan Philippe Kretzer
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.S.); (M.U.); (J.P.K.)
| | - Sandro Wartzack
- Engineering Design, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Martensstr. 9, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (K.N.); (M.B.); (S.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Investigation of Changes in Saliva in Radiotherapy-Induced Head Neck Cancer Patients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041629. [PMID: 33572065 PMCID: PMC7914760 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The intact function of the salivary glands is of utmost importance for oral health. During radiotherapy in patients with head and neck tumors, the salivary glands can be damaged, causing the composition of saliva to change. This leads to xerostomia, which is a primary contributor to oral mucositis. Medications used for protective or palliative treatment often show poor efficacy as radiation-induced changes in the physico-chemical properties of saliva are not well understood. To improve treatment options, this study aimed to carefully examine unstimulated whole saliva of patients receiving radiation therapy and compare it with healthy unstimulated whole saliva. To this end, the pH, osmolality, electrical conductivity, buffer capacity, the whole protein and mucin concentrations, and the viscoelastic and adhesive properties were investigated. Moreover, hyaluronic acid was examined as a potential candidate for a saliva replacement fluid. The results showed that the pH of radiation-induced saliva shifted from neutral to acidic, the osmolality increased and the viscoelastic properties changed due to a disruption of the mucin network and a change in water secretion from the salivary glands. By adopting an aqueous 0.25% hyaluronic acid formulation regarding the lost properties, similar adhesion characteristics as in healthy, unstimulated saliva could be achieved.
Collapse
|
9
|
Schroeder S, Braun S, Mueller U, Vogel M, Sonntag R, Jaeger S, Kretzer JP. Carbon-fibre-reinforced PEEK: An alternative material for flexion bushings of rotating hinged knee joints? J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 101:103434. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|