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Lu Y, Yin L, Yang W, Wu Z, Niu J. Antioxidant effects of Paeoniflorin and relevant molecular mechanisms as related to a variety of diseases: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116772. [PMID: 38810407 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Paeoniflorin (PF), which is the main component of the Paeonia lactiflora Pall extract, is one of the traditional Chinese medicines. The pharmacological effects associated with PF include antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidepressant-like and neuroprotective effects. Our previous studies had revealed that PF protected melanocytes and inhibited photodamage through the suppression of oxidative stress (OS). As OS plays a vital role in the progression of a variety of diseases, the capacity for PF to suppress OS may exert important effects upon them. However, no review exists on these antioxidant effects of PF as related to various diseases. Therefore, in this review we summarized studies involved with examining the antioxidant effects and molecular mechanisms of PF. Through its capacity to inhibit OS, PF has been shown to exert beneficial effects upon several systems including nervous, cardiac/vascular, digestive, and respiratory as well as specific diseases such as diabetes, autoimmune, pregnancy related, ocular, kidney, dermatology, along with suppression of distal flap necrosis, postoperative adhesions, and hearing loss. Such findings provide new insights and directions for future research directed at the development of PF as a natural antioxidant for the treatment of clinical diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansong Lu
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Lu Yin
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ze Wu
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jun Niu
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Paeonia lactiflora Pallas extract alleviates antibiotics and DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis symptoms by suppressing inflammation and changing the gut microbiota composition in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113574. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Phytochemicals targeting Toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4) in inflammatory bowel disease. Chin Med 2022; 17:53. [PMID: 35484567 PMCID: PMC9047385 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-022-00611-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a collective term for inflammatory diseases including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is thought to play a key role in the pathogenesis of IBD. Inhibition of TLR4 has been recognized as an effective target for the treatment of IBD. Many phytochemicals have been shown to have potential as new drugs for the treatment of IBD. This review surveyed the available literature and reports which focused on the in vivo effects of phytochemicals targeting TLR4 in different models of IBD, and clarified the significance of TLR4 as a current therapeutic target for IBD. Based on our review, we have concluded that phytochemicals targeting TLR4 are potentially effective candidates for developing new therapeutic drugs against IBD.
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Dejban P, Nikravangolsefid N, Chamanara M, Dehpour A, Rashidian A. The role of medicinal products in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) through inhibition of TLR4/NF-kappaB pathway. Phytother Res 2020; 35:835-845. [PMID: 32929778 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a lifelong and recurrent disease of the gastrointestinal tract that afflicts many people in the world. Growing evidence has currently indicated that dysfunction of immune system, particularly toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway dysfunction plays a pivotal part in the pathogenesis of IBD. TLR4 signaling is involved both in the pathogenesis and in the efficacy of treatment of IBD. There are some medicinal products and herbal medicines, which their role in the treatment of IBD through modulation of TLR4 signaling has been implicated. The purpose of this review article is to summarize those medicinal products and herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Dejban
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Mohsen Chamanara
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Dehpour
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Rashidian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Wu W, Qiu C, Feng X, Tao X, Zhu Q, Chen Z, Ma X, Yang J, Bao X. Protective Effect of Paeoniflorin on Acute Cerebral Infarction in Rats. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2020; 21:702-709. [PMID: 31884927 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666191224151634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this paper was to study the protective effect of paeoniflorin on acute cerebral ischemia. The animal model of cerebral infarction induced by Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion (MCAO) was blocked by the suture method. Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into the shame group, MCAO group, paeoniflorin (60, 120, 240 mg/kg, respectively) and Nimodipine (NMDP) group (n = 10 per group). METHODS The rats were intragastrically administered immediately after the operation. After 7 days of gavage, the brains were decapitated at 24 h. Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the degree of cell damage in the cerebral cortex of rats. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect silver plating and to observe changes in nerve cells. Rats in the model group showed obvious symptoms of neurological deficits, such as the ischemic morphological changed, the Malondialdehyde (MDA), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LD) content and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity were significantly increased in the ischemic brain tissue, while the Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activity was decreased. RESULTS The decrease in Na+-K+-ATPase activity was significantly lower than that in the sham group. The neurological symptoms and signs of MCAO in the different doses of paeoniflorin group were improved, and the neuronal edema in the cortical area was alleviated. The activities of SOD, LDH and Na+-K+-ATPase were significantly increased, and the contents of MDA and LD were decreased. CONCLUSION Therefore, paeoniflorin could alleviate the degree of tissue damage in rats with acute cerebral infarction, inhabit the formation of free radicals in the brain tissue after ischemia, and reduce the degree of lipid peroxidation. Thus, the degree of cell damage was reduced greatly and a protective effect was showed on cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Wu
- Department of Neurology, Wenling Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, 317500, China
| | - Chenfeng Qiu
- Department of Neurology, Wenling Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, 317500, China
| | - Xuewen Feng
- Department of Neurology, Wenling Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, 317500, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Tao
- Department of Neurology, Wenling Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, 317500, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Wenling Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, 317500, China
| | - Zhengjun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Wenling Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, 317500, China
| | - Xiaomin Ma
- Department of Neurology, Wenling Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, 317500, China
| | - Jinwei Yang
- Department of Neurology, Wenling Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, 317500, China
| | - Xianjun Bao
- Department of Neurology, Wenling Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, 317500, China
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Xiang Y, Zhang Q, Wei S, Huang C, Li Z, Gao Y. Paeoniflorin: a monoterpene glycoside from plants of Paeoniaceae family with diverse anticancer activities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 72:483-495. [PMID: 31858611 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Paeoniflorin, a representative pinane monoterpene glycoside in plants of Paeoniaceae family, possesses promising anticancer activities on diverse tumours. This paper summarized the advance of Paeoniflorin on cancers in vivo and in vitro, discussed the related molecular mechanisms, as well as suggested some perspectives of the future investigations. KEY FINDINGS Anticancer activities of paeoniflorin have been comprehensively investigated, including liver cancer, gastric cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, glioma, bladder cancer and leukaemia. Furthermore, the potential molecular mechanisms corresponding to the antitumour effects of Paeoniflorin might be related to the following aspects: inhibition of tumour cell proliferation and neovascularization, induction apoptosis, and inhibition of tumour invasion and metastasis. SUMMARY Paeoniflorin has wide spectrum antitumour activities; however, in vivo and clinical investigations on antitumour effect of Paeoniflorin are lacking which should be focused on further studies. Our present review on antitumour effects of Paeoniflorin would be beneficial for the further molecular mechanisms study, candidate antitumour drug development and clinical research of Paeoniflorin in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjing Xiang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shujun Wei
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cong Huang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhengsheng Li
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Yongxiang Gao
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effects of paeoniflorin and total glucosides of paeony. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 207:107452. [PMID: 31836457 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
As a Traditional Chinese Medicine, Paeonia lactiflora Pallas has been used to treat pain, inflammation and immune disorders for more than 1000 years in China. Total glycoside of paeony (TGP) is extracted from the dried root of Paeonia lactiflora Pallas. Paeoniflorin (Pae) is the major active component of TGP. Our research group has done a lot of work in the pharmacological mechanisms of Pae and found that Pae possessed extensive anti-inflammatory and immune regulatory effects. Pae could inhibit inflammation in the animal models of autoimmune diseases, such as experimental arthritis, psoriatic mice and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, and so on. Pae modulates the functions and activation of immune cells, decreases inflammatory medium production, and restores abnormal signal pathway. Pae could balance the subsets of immune cells through inhibiting abnormal activated cell subsets and restoring regulatory cell subsets. Pae could regulate signaling pathways (GPCR pathway, MAPKs /NF-κB patway, PI3K /Akt /mTOR pathway, JAK2 /STAT3 pathway, TGFβ /Smads, and etc.). TGP is composed of Pae, hydroxyl-paeoniflorin, paeonin, albiflorin and benzoylpaeoniflorin etc. Pae accounts for more than 40% of TGP. Like Pae, TGP has anti-inflammatory and immune regulatory effects. TGP has been widely used to treat autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), psoriasis, allergic contact dermatitis, and etc. in China. Furthermore, TGP has some superior features with immune regulation, gentle effect, many indications and few adverse drug reactions. These findings suggest that TGP may be a promising anti-inflammatory and immune drug with soft regulation and has more superiority in the treatment of AIDs. Currently, TGP is used for the treatment of RA, SLE and other AIDs in more than 1000 hospitals in China, which obtained great social and economic benefits.
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Zheng Q, Jiang W, Sun X, Ma T, Xu W, Shen F, Li H, Xie S, Li B, Li X. Total glucosides of paeony for the treatment of psoriasis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 62:152940. [PMID: 31100680 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a common chronic relapsing immune-mediated inflammatory disease, the prevalence of which has increased in recent years. At present, there are many treatment methods available for the condition, but the curative effect is unsatisfactory. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy, adverse reactions, and recurrence rates of using paeoniflorin capsules for psoriasis treatment. STUDY DESIGN systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS Randomized controlled trials comparing total glycosides of paeony (TGP) with other treatments for patients with psoriasis were retrieved by searching EMBASE, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials electronic databases. Cochrane bias risk tool was used to evaluate the quality of randomized controlled trial (RCT) methodology. The primary outcome measure is the effective number. Secondary outcomes included psoriasis area and severity index (PASI), adverse reactions, recurrence, and inflammatory biomarkers. RESULTS In all, 30 RCTs with 2,802 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The studies were generally of low methodological quality. Although there was no statistically significant difference between the use of TGP capsule alone and other monotherapies in the treatment of psoriasis (RR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.76-1.15; p = 0.50), the addition of TGP to other therapies had an advantage over monotherapy with regard to the effective number (RR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.26-1.37; p < 0.00001), PASI (RR: -3.40; 95% CI: -4.22,-2.57; p < 0.00001), adverse reactions, recurrence rate (RR: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.24-0.74; p = 0.002), and inflammatory inhibition (RR:-12.54; 95% CI: -18.50, -6.59; p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS TGP can be used to treat psoriasis with reduced adverse reactions and recurrence rates. However, the mechanism of TGP in psoriasis treatment requires to be evaluated further in high-quality, large-sample, and rigorous clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437 China; Department of Integrated TCM & Western Medicine, Shanghai Dermatology Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443 China
| | - WenCheng Jiang
- Department of Integrated TCM & Western Medicine, Shanghai Dermatology Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443 China
| | - XiaoYing Sun
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Tian Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437 China; Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - WenBin Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437 China
| | - Fang Shen
- Department of Integrated TCM & Western Medicine, Shanghai Dermatology Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443 China
| | - HongJin Li
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - ShaoQiong Xie
- Department of Integrated TCM & Western Medicine, Shanghai Dermatology Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443 China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437 China; Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China.
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437 China; Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China.
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Zhang L, Yu J, Wang C, Wei W. The effects of total glucosides of paeony (TGP) and paeoniflorin (Pae) on inflammatory-immune responses in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2019; 46:107-117. [PMID: 32172753 DOI: 10.1071/fp18080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory and systemic autoimmune disease with an unknown aetiology. Accumulative studies suggest that the pathogenesis of RA involves the excessive activation of synoviocytes and immune cells, increasing the secretion of inflammatory mediators and cytokines in synoviocytes, causing dysfunctional E-prostanoid (EP)-G-protein-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and mitogen-associated-protein kinase (MAPK) signalling in synoviocytes. Total glucosides of paeony (TGP) extracted from the roots of Paeonia lactiflora Pall, was approved by the China Food and Drug Administration as an anti-inflammatory and immuno-modulator drug in 1998. Paeoniflorin (Pae), a water-soluble monoterpene glucoside,is the main effective component of TGP. TGP and Pae produce anti-inflammatory and immuno-regulatory effects by suppressing immune cells and synoviocytes activation, decreasing inflammatory substance production and restoring abnormal signalling in synoviocytes. In this review, the regulation of the inflammatory-immune responses and the therapeutic mechanism between RA and TGP and Pae are discussed in detail. The aim of this review was to provide novel insights into the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Jun Yu
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
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Ji L, Hou X, Liu W, Deng X, Jiang Z, Huang K, Li R. Paeoniflorin inhibits activation of the IRAK1-NF-κB signaling pathway in peritoneal macrophages from lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice. Microb Pathog 2018; 124:223-229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Huang XT, Wang B, Zhang WH, Peng MQ, Lin D. Total glucosides of paeony suppresses experimental autoimmune uveitis in association with inhibition of Th1 and Th2 cell function in mice. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2018; 32:394632017751547. [PMID: 29363368 PMCID: PMC5849247 DOI: 10.1177/0394632017751547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Total glucosides of paeony (TGP) are active components extracted from the roots
of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. In this study, we
investigated the role and mechanisms of TGP in experimental autoimmune uveitis
(EAU) model of mice. The C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups:
sham group, EAU-control group, and EAU-TGP group. Clinical score of images of
the eye fundus were taken on 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after induction of EAU. The
concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines in intraocular fluid were measured
at 14 days after EAU induction with the use of a multiplex assay system. Flow
cytometry was used to analyze the frequency of CD4+, CD8+, interferon-gamma
(IFN-γ), and CD4+/CD8+ ratio in spleen and lymph nodes. Western blotting was
used to measure expressions of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)
pathway-related proteins in retina. Clinical scores for uveitis were lower in
TGP-treated EAU mice than those without TGP treatment. Importantly, the
concentrations of cytokines induced by T-helper 1 (Th1) and T-helper 2 (Th2)
cells in intraocular fluid were reduced in EAU mice treated with TGP.
Furthermore, the frequency of CD4+, IFN-γ, and CD4+/CD8+ ratio was decreased and
the frequency of CD8+ was increased in spleen and lymph nodes of mice treated
with TGP. The anti-inflammatory effects of TGP were mediated by inhibiting the
MAPK signaling pathways. Our results showed that TGP suppressed uveitis in mice
via the inhibition of Th1 and Th2 cell function. Thus, TGP may be a promising
therapeutic strategy for uveitis, as well as other ocular inflammatory
diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Tao Huang
- 1 Department of Ophthalmology, Changsha Aier Eye Hospital, Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,2 Department of Ophthalmology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Bin Wang
- 3 Department of Dermatology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Wen-Hua Zhang
- 4 Department of Ophthalmology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Man-Qiang Peng
- 1 Department of Ophthalmology, Changsha Aier Eye Hospital, Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ding Lin
- 1 Department of Ophthalmology, Changsha Aier Eye Hospital, Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Jeong SH, Jang JH, Ham SH, Yang SJ, Cho HY, Lee YB. Simultaneous UPLC-MS/MS determination of four components of Socheongryong-tang tablet in human plasma: Application to pharmacokinetic study. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1095:214-225. [PMID: 30081350 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop a method for simultaneous analysis of schizandrin, ephedrine, paeoniflorin, and cinnamic acid as constituents of Socheongryong-tang tablet in human plasma using UPLC-MS/MS. These four components were separated using water containing 0.01% formic acid and methanol as a mobile phase by gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min with a HALO-C18 column (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 2.7 μm particle size). Quantitation was performed on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer employing electrospray ionization technique operated in multiple reaction monitoring mode. Mass transitions were m/z 432.9 → 384.1 for schizandrin, 165.8 → 148.1 for ephedrine, 525.0 → 449.2 for paeoniflorin, 146.8 → 102.9 for cinnamic acid, and 340.0 → 324.0 for papaverine as internal standard. Liquid-liquid extraction and protein precipitation with ethyl acetate-methanol (1:2, v/v) were used to obtain these four components. Chromatograms showed high resolution, sensitivity, and selectivity without interference by plasma constituents. Calibration curves of schizandrin, ephedrine, paeoniflorin, and cinnamic acid in human plasma ranged from 0.02 to 8 ng/mL, 0.5 to 200 ng/mL, 0.2 to 80 ng/mL, and 1 to 400 ng/mL, respectively. Calibration curves of each analyte displayed excellent linearity, with correlation coefficients > 0.99. For all four components, both intra- and inter-day precisions (CV%) were <5.99%. The accuracy was 99.35-103.30% for schizandrin, 98.48-104.38% for ephedrine, 97.06-103.34% for paeoniflorin, and 99.97-104.36% for cinnamic acid. This analytical method developed in this study satisfied the criteria of international guidance. It could be successfully applied to pharmacokinetic studies of schizandrin, ephedrine, paeoniflorin, and cinnamic acid after oral administration of Socheongryong-tang tablet to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hyun Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hun Jang
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Ham
- National Development Institute of Korean Medicine, 288 Udeuraendeu-gil, Anyang-myeon, Jangheung-gun, Jeollanam-do 59338, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Jeong Yang
- College of Oriental Medicine, Dong-Shin University, 185 Geonjae-ro, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Hea-Young Cho
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Bok Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
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Wei Y, Zhou X, Ren L, Wang C, Li Y. The prolactin‐release inhibitor paeoniflorin suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis in prolactinoma cells via the mitochondria‐dependent pathway. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:5704-5714. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyi Wei
- Department of PharmacyNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouP.R. China
| | - Xia Zhou
- Department of PharmacyNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouP.R. China
| | - Liying Ren
- Department of PharmacyNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouP.R. China
| | - Chunxia Wang
- Department of PharmacyNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouP.R. China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Drug ScreeningSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouP.R. China
| | - Yuhao Li
- Endocrinology and Metabolism GroupSydney Institute of Health Sciences/Sydney Institute of Traditional Chinese MedicineNew South WalesAustralia
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Paeoniflorin Inhibits Migration and Invasion of Human Glioblastoma Cells via Suppression Transforming Growth Factor β-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:760-774. [PMID: 29423667 PMCID: PMC5842263 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2478-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Paeoniflorin (PF) is a polyphenolic compound derived from Radix Paeoniae Alba thathas anti-cancer activities in a variety of human malignancies including glioblastoma. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), characterized as losing cell polarity, plays an essential role in tumor invasion and metastasis. TGFβ, a key member of transforming growth factors, has been demonstrated to contribute to glioblastoma aggressiveness through inducing EMT. Therefore, the present studies aim to investigate whether PF suppresses the expression of TGFβ and inhibits EMT that plays an important role in anti-glioblastoma. We found that PF dose-dependently downregulates the expression of TGFβ, enhances apoptosis, reduces cell proliferation, migration and invasion in three human glioblastoma cell lines (U87, U251, T98G). These effects are enhanced in TGFβ siRNA treated cells and abolished in cells transfected with TGFβ lentiviruses. In addition, other EMT markers such as snail, vimentin and N-cadherin were suppressed by PF in these cell lines and in BALB/c nude mice injected with U87 cells. The expression of MMP2/9, EMT markers, are also dose-dependently reduced in PF treated cells and in U87 xenograft mouse model. Moreover, the tumor sizes are reduced by PF treatment while there is no change in body weight. These results indicate that PF is a potential novel drug target for the treatment of glioblastoma by suppression of TGFβ signaling pathway and inhibition of EMT.
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Song S, Xiao X, Guo D, Mo L, Bu C, Ye W, Den Q, Liu S, Yang X. Protective effects of Paeoniflorin against AOPP-induced oxidative injury in HUVECs by blocking the ROS-HIF-1α/VEGF pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 34:115-126. [PMID: 28899493 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paeoniflorin, a monoterpene glycoside, exerts protective vascular effects, showing good antioxidant properties. However, whether Paeoniflorin has protective effect against the oxidative damage induced by advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) in Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) is unknown, as is the underlying mechanism. PURPOSE The present study was designed to investigate the effect of Paeoniflorin on oxidative damage of HUVECs and elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS The fluorescence intensity of 2', 7'-dichlorofluorescein-diacetate (DCFH-DA) staining was detected for intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The increases mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was measured via flow cytometry and confocal microscopy using MitoTracker® Deep Red/ MitoTracker® Green staining. The intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) was measured by ATP Determination Kit according to the manufacturer's protocol. Nox2, Nox4, hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 expressions were detected by western blot. RESULTS Our results showed that Paeoniflorin increases MMP and ATP levels of HUVECs induced by AOPPs, and attenuates NF-κB p65 expression on HUVECs might mainly result from its antioxidant capability by suppressing ROS production. Moreover, we also found that Paeoniflorin can suppress HIF-1α and VEGF protein expression through a decrease of ROS production via down-regulation of Nox2/Nox4 expression in HUVECs. AOPP-induced RAGE mRNA up-regulation was blocked by Paeoniflorin treatment in HUVECs. CONCLUSION Our results provided the first experimental that Paeoniflorin protects against AOPP-induced oxidative damage in HUVECs, mainly through a mechanism involving a decrease in ROS production by the inhibition of Nox2/Nox4 and RAGE expression; restored ATP depletion and mitochondria dysfunction via ROS suppression; and down-regulated HIF-1α/VEGF, possibly via the ROS-NF-κB axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaolian Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Boulevard (North), Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Boulevard (North), Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Dan Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Boulevard (North), Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Liqian Mo
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Boulevard (North), Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Can Bu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Boulevard (North), Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wenbin Ye
- Department of Orthopedic Spinal Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quanwen Den
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Boulevard (North), Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shiting Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Boulevard (North), Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xixiao Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Boulevard (North), Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Paeoniflorin Ameliorates Atherosclerosis by Suppressing TLR4-Mediated NF-κB Activation. Inflammation 2017; 40:2042-2051. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-017-0644-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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17
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Hao J, Yang X, Ding XL, Guo LM, Zhu CH, Ji W, Zhou T, Wu XZ. Paeoniflorin Potentiates the Inhibitory Effects of Erlotinib in Pancreatic Cancer Cell Lines by Reducing ErbB3 Phosphorylation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32809. [PMID: 27609096 PMCID: PMC5016851 DOI: 10.1038/srep32809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Blockade of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) by EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors is insufficient for effective anti-tumor activity because the reactivation of the ErbB3 signaling pathway significantly contributes to activating the consequent phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway. Combinatorial therapies including ErbB3 targeting may ameliorate tumor responses to anti-EGFR therapies. In the present study, we found that in BxPC-3 and L3.6pl cells, which highly expressed the ErbB3 receptor, significant reduction in cell viability, induction of apoptosis were observed when treated with a combination of erlotinib and PF compared to either agent alone. Moreover, in ErbB3-expressing BxPC-3, L3.6pl and S2VP10 cell lines, the inhibition of ErbB3/PI3K/Akt phosphorylation were observed when treated with PF. Most strikingly, both EGFR/MAPK/Erk and ErbB3/PI3K/Akt activitions were substantially suppressed when treated with the combination of PF and erlotinib. However, in the ErbB3-deficient cell line MIAPaCa-2, no such effects were observed with similar treatments. Most importantly, these in vitro results were replicated in nude mouse transplanted tumor models. Taken together, our findings show that PF enhances the effect of erlotinib in ErbB3-expressing pancreatic cancer cells by directly suppressing ErbB3 activation, and PF in combination with erlotinib is much more effective as an antitumor agent compared with either agent alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Hao
- Zhong-Shan-Men Inpatient Department; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy; Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Zhong-Shan-Men Inpatient Department; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy; Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Xiu-li Ding
- Zhong-Shan-Men Inpatient Department; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy; Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Lei-ming Guo
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Medicine Department of University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Cui-hong Zhu
- Zhong-Shan-Men Inpatient Department; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy; Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Opening Cancer Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Tong Zhou
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Medicine Department of University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Xiong-zhi Wu
- Zhong-Shan-Men Inpatient Department; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy; Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Tianjin, 300060, China
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Cai Y, Yuan Q, Xu K, Zhu J, Li Y, Wu X, Yang L, Qiu Y, Xu P. Assessment of the Therapeutic Effect of Total Glucosides of Peony for Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2016; 2016:8292486. [PMID: 27525026 PMCID: PMC4976154 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8292486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common rheumatic disease in children; some clinical trials have reported the effects of total glucosides of peony (TGP) in the treatment of JIA. However, no systematic review has yet been conducted. In this study, we assessed the efficacy and safety in patients with JIA enrolled in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of TGP. We extracted data for studies searched from 8 electronic databases that were searched and also evaluated the methodological quality of the included studies. We assessed the following outcome measures: overall response rate, pain, tender joint count (TJC), swollen joint count (SJC), duration of morning stiffness (DMS), grip strength (GS), rheumatoid factor (RF), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and adverse effects (AEs) in short term (4-8 weeks), intermediate term (9-26 weeks), and long term (>26 weeks). The final analysis showed that TGP acted as a unique nonbiologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (nonbiologic DMARD), and its therapeutic effects were safe and efficacious for the treatment of JIA with few AEs. However, more high-quality RCTs are needed to confirm these therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsong Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Qiling Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Xi'an Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Jialin Zhu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Xi'an Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Yuanbo Li
- Department of Joint Surgery, Xi'an Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Xi'an Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Le Yang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Xi'an Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Yusheng Qiu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Xi'an Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710054, China
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Yang N, Cui H, Han F, Zhang L, Huang T, Zhou Y, Zhou J. Paeoniflorin inhibits human pancreatic cancer cell apoptosis via suppression of MMP-9 and ERK signaling. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:1471-1476. [PMID: 27446455 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Paeoniflorin exhibits anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antioxidation effects, as well as specific pharmacological effects on smooth muscle and the immune, cardiovascular and central nervous systems. The present study aimed to investigate the anticancer effects of paeoniflorin on pancreatic cancer cells and to elucidate the mechanisms by which these effects occur. In the present study, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and lactate dehydrogenase assays were performed to assess cell viability and cell cytotoxicity of BXPC-3 human pancreatic cancer cells, respectively. Cellular apoptosis and caspase-3/9 activities were analyzed using an Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide Apoptosis Detection kit, a DAPI staining assay and colorimetric kits, respectively. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) protein expression in BXPC-3 cells were also investigated using gelatin zymography assays and western blot analysis, respectively. In the present study, paeoniflorin was found to inhibit the cell viability and increase cell cytotoxicity of BXPC-3 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In addition, cellular apoptosis, as well as caspase-3 and -9 activity of BXPC-3 cells was increased following paeoniflorin treatment. Notably, paeoniflorin reduced MMP-9 and ERK protein expression in BXPC-3 cells. These results indicate that paeoniflorin exhibits a potential anticancer effect by enhancing human pancreatic cancer cell apoptosis via the suppression of MMP-9 and ERK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanmu Yang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Hong Cui
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Feng Han
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Jinxue Zhou
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
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The Efficacy and Safety of the Combination of Total Glucosides of Peony and Leflunomide for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:9852793. [PMID: 27143990 PMCID: PMC4842062 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9852793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the total glucosides of peony (TGP) and leflunomide (LEF) for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the efficacy and safety of the combination of TGP and LEF versus LEF alone for the treatment of RA were retrieved by searching PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure database, and Wanfang database. Results. Eight RCTs including 643 RA patients were included in the present meta-analysis. The quality of included studies was poor. The levels of ESR (P < 0.0001), CRP (P < 0.0001), and RF (P < 0.0001) in RA patients who received the combination of TGP and LEF were significantly lower than RA patients who received LEF therapy alone. The pooled results suggest that the combination of TGP and LEF caused less abnormal liver function than LEF alone (P = 0.02). No significant difference in the gastrointestinal discomfort was identified between the combination of TGP and LEF and LEF alone groups (P = 0.18). Conclusion. The combination of TGP and LEF in treatment of RA presented the characteristics of notably decreasing the levels of laboratory indexes and higher safety in terms of liver function. However, this conclusion should be further investigated based on a larger sample size.
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Li Y, Sheng K, Chen J, Wu Y, Zhang F, Chang Y, Wu H, Fu J, Zhang L, Wei W. Regulation of PGE2 signaling pathways and TNF-alpha signaling pathways on the function of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells and the effects of CP-25. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 769:8-21. [PMID: 26415983 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This study was to investigate PGE2 and TNF-alpha signaling pathway involving in the maturation and activation of bone marrow dendritic cells (DCs) and the effect of CP-25. Bone marrow DCs were isolated and stimulated by PGE2 and TNF-alpha respectively. The markers of maturation and activation expressed on DCs, such as CD40, CD80, CD83, CD86, MHC-II, and the ability of antigen uptake of DCs were analyzed by flow cytometry. The proliferation of T cells co-cultured with DCs, the signaling pathways of PGE2-EP4-cAMP and TNF-alpha-TRADD-TRAF2-NF-κB in DCs were analyzed. The results showed that both PGE2 and TNF-alpha up-regulated the expressions of CD40, CD80, CD83, CD86, and MHC-II, decreased the antigen uptake of DCs, and DCs stimulated by PGE2 or TNF-alpha could increase T cell proliferation. CP-25 (10(-5), 10(-6), and 10(-7)mol/l) decreased significantly the expressions of CD40, CD80, CD83, CD86 and MHC-II, increased the antigen uptake of DCs, and suppressed T cell proliferation induced by DCs. PGE2 increased the expressions of EP4, NF-κB and down-regulated cAMP level of DCs. TNF-alpha could also up-regulate TNFR1, TRADD, TRAF2, and NF-κB expression of DCs. CP-25 (10(-5), 10(-6), and 10(-7)mol/l) decreased the expressions of EP4 and NF-κB, increased cAMP level in DCs stimulated by PGE2. CP-25 (10(-5), 10(-6), and 10(-7)mol/l) also could down-regulate significantly TNFR1, TRADD, TRAF2, and NF-κB expression in DCs stimulated by TNF-alpha. These results demonstrate that PGE2 and TNF-alpha could enhance DCs functions by mediating PGE2-EP4-cAMP pathway, TNF-alpha-TNFR1-TRADD-TRAF2-NF-κB pathway respectively. CP-25 might inhibit the function of DCs through regulating PGE2-EP4-cAMP and TNF-alpha-TNFR1-TRADD-TRAF2-NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Kangliang Sheng
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jingyu Chen
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yujing Wu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yan Chang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Huaxun Wu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jingjing Fu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China.
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Dai X, Wang LW, Jia XY, Chang Y, Wu HX, Wang C, Wei W. Paeoniflorin regulates the function of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated by rhIL-1β by up-regulating Treg expression. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2015; 37:252-7. [PMID: 25986991 DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2015.1026603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of paeoniflorin (Pae) on recombinant human interleukin-1β (rhIL-1β)-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in vitro. PBMCs were collected by Ficoll density gradient centrifugation and were co-cultured with rhIL-1β for different time periods. The proliferation response was determined by a cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The production of IL-17 and IL-10 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The percentage of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Treg) was detected by flow cytometry analysis. These results indicated that rhIL-1β stimulation induced the proliferation of PBMCs in a concentration- and time-dependent manner; it also increased the level of IL-17 and decreased the level of IL-10 in a concentration-dependent manner. The flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that the stimulation of rhIL-1β significantly downregulated the percentage of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) Treg in CD4(+) T cells. However, administration of Pae significantly suppressed the proliferation response of rhIL-1β-induced PBMCs and regulated the secretion function of IL-17 and IL-10. Additional experiments demonstrated that Pae treatment significantly reduced rhIL-1β-induced decreases in PBMCs CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) subpopulation numbers. These results suggest that the anti-inflammatory action of Pae is attributable to its regulation of IL-17/IL-10 secretion and Treg expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Dai
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine of the Education Ministry of China, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University , Hefei , China
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Yang J, Yan Y, Liu H, Wang J, Hu J. Protective effects of acteoside against X‑ray‑induced damage in human skin fibroblasts. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:2301-6. [PMID: 25892089 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the protective effects of acteoside against apoptosis induced by X-ray radiation in human skin fibroblasts (HSFs), the cells were divided into the following groups: Control group; X-ray radiation group; acteoside group, in which the confluent cells were preincubated with 50 μg/ml acteoside for 2 h followed by radiation; and positive control group, in which the cells were preincubated with 50 μg/ml paeoniflorin followed by radiation. For the radiation, HSF cells preincubated with acteoside or paeoniflorin were exposed to X-ray beams at a dose-rate of 3 Gy/min (16 Gy in total). Cell viability, apoptosis and intracellular alteration of redox were monitored by MTT and flow cytometry. Compared with the radiation group, the number of cells arrested at the G0/G1 phase was significantly reduced in the acteoside and paeoniflorin groups, respectively (P<0.05). X-ray radiation induced marked apoptosis in HSF cells and acteoside reversed this effect. Compared with the radiation group, the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was abrogated by pre-incubation with acteoside or paeoniflorin (P<0.05). In addition, the upregulation of pro-caspase-3 induced by radiation was reversed by acteoside or paeoniflorin. Radiation could induce upregulation of Bax and downregulation of Bcl-2; however, it was reversed completely after administration of acteoside or paeoniflorin. Furthermore, the enhanced expression of ERK and JNK induced by radiation was reversed by acteoside or paeoniflorin. Acteoside could protect the cells from X-ray induced damage through enhancing the scavenging activity of ROS, decreasing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and downregulating the activity of procaspase-3, as well as modulating the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region 830011, P.R. China
| | - Yao Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region 830011, P.R. China
| | - Huibin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region 830011, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region 830011, P.R. China
| | - Junping Hu
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region 830011, P.R. China
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Liu HM, Nie L. Quantitative analysis combined with chromatographic fingerprint for comprehensive evaluation of Xiaoer Chaigui Tuire granules by HPLC-DAD. J Chromatogr Sci 2014; 53:749-56. [PMID: 25234384 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmu119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative analysis of eight major components combined with chromatographic fingerprint based on high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) was developed for the quality evaluation of Xiaoer Chaigui Tuire granules (XCTG), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation. Each compound was analyzed by comparing its retention time and UV spectrum of each chromatographic peak with the corresponding retention time and UV spectrum of each standard compound. Baseline separation was achieved on an Agilent Zorbax SB-C18 column with gradient elution of acetonitrile and 0.1% (v/v) phosphoric acid. The developed method was validated by linearity, precision, repeatability, stability and recovery and was subsequently applied to quality evaluation of 12 batches of XCTG with similarity analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis. Quantitative analysis combined with HPLC fingerprint could offer an efficient, reliable and practical approach for quality evaluation of XCTG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ming Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China Zibo Institute for Food and Drug Control, Zibo, Shandong 255086, PR China
| | - Lei Nie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
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Jiang Z, Chen W, Yan X, Bi L, Guo S, Zhan Z. Paeoniflorin protects cells from GalN/TNF-α-induced apoptosis via ER stress and mitochondria-dependent pathways in human L02 hepatocytes. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2014; 46:357-67. [PMID: 24777494 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmu010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Paeoniflorin (PF) is one of the main effective components extracted from the root of Paeonia lactiflora, which has been used clinically to treat hepatitis in traditional Chinese medicine, but the details of the underlying mechanism remain unknown. The present study was designed to investigate the mechanism of protective effect of PF on d-galactosamine (GalN) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced cell apoptosis using human L02 hepatocytes. Our results confirmed that PF could attenuate GalN/TNF-α-induced apoptotic cell death in a dose-dependent manner. The disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential and the disturbance of intracellular Ca(2+) concentration were also recovered by PF. Western blot analysis revealed that GalN/TNF-α induced the activation of a number of signature endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial markers, while PF pre-treatment had a marked dose-dependent suppression on them. Additionally, the anti-apoptotic effect of PF was further evidenced by the inhibition of caspase-3/9 activities in L02 cells. These findings suggest that PF can effectively inhibit hepatocyte apoptosis and the underlying mechanism is related to the regulating mediators in ER stress and mitochondria-dependent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zequn Jiang
- Department of Preclinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
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Zhang J, Dou W, Zhang E, Sun A, Ding L, Wei X, Chou G, Mani S, Wang Z. Paeoniflorin abrogates DSS-induced colitis via a TLR4-dependent pathway. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2014; 306:G27-36. [PMID: 24232001 PMCID: PMC3920084 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00465.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Paeonia lactiflora Pall is one of the most well-known herbs in China, Korea, and Japan for more than 1,200 years. Paeoniflorin, the major bioactive component of peony root, has recently been reported to have anticolitic activity. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is unclear. The present study was to explore the possible mechanism of paeoniflorin in attenuating dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Pre- and coadministration of paeoniflorin significantly reduced the severity of colitis and resulted in downregulation of several inflammatory parameters in the colon, including the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO), the levels of TNF-α and IL-6, and the mRNA expression of proinflammatory mediators (MCP-1, Cox2, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-17). The decline in the activation of NF-κB p65, ERK, JNK, and p38 MAPK correlated with a decrease in mucosal Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) but not TLR2 or TLR5 expression. In accordance with the in vivo results, paeoniflorin downregulated TLR4 expression, blocked nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65, and reduced the production of IL-6 in LPS-stimulated mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells. Transient transfection assay performed in LPS-stimulated human colon cancer HT-29 cells indicated that paeoniflorin inhibits NF-κB transcriptional activity in a dose-dependent manner. TLR4 knockdown and overexpression experiments demonstrated a requirement for TLR4 in paeoniflorin-mediated downregulation of inflammatory cytokines. Thus, for the first time, the present study indicates that paeoniflorin abrogates DSS-induced colitis via decreasing the expression of TLR4 and suppressing the activation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhang
- 1200 Cailun Rd., Rm. 5301, Shanghai Univ. of TCM, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Wei Dou
- 1Shanghai Key Laboratory of Complex Prescription and MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; ,3Departments of Medicine and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York; and
| | - Eryun Zhang
- 1Shanghai Key Laboratory of Complex Prescription and MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; ,2Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China;
| | - Aning Sun
- 1Shanghai Key Laboratory of Complex Prescription and MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; ,2Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China;
| | - Lili Ding
- 1Shanghai Key Laboratory of Complex Prescription and MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China;
| | - Xiaohui Wei
- 1Shanghai Key Laboratory of Complex Prescription and MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China;
| | - Guixin Chou
- 4Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sridhar Mani
- 3Departments of Medicine and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York; and
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- 1Shanghai Key Laboratory of Complex Prescription and MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; ,2Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; ,4Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Kong P, Chi R, Zhang L, Wang N, Lu Y. Effects of paeoniflorin on tumor necrosis factor-α-induced insulin resistance and changes of adipokines in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Fitoterapia 2013; 91:44-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2013.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Paeoniflorin inhibits inflammatory responses in mice with allergic contact dermatitis by regulating the balance between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Inflamm Res 2013; 62:1035-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-013-0662-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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Chen L, Qi H, Jiang D, Wang R, Chen A, Yan Z, Xiao J. The new use of an ancient remedy: a double-blinded randomized study on the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2013; 41:263-80. [PMID: 23548118 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x13500195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common chronic inflammatory disease with unknown causes and unknown cures in Western medicine. This double-blinded study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of a widely used traditional Chinese medicine (Paeoniflorin (PAE) plus cervus and cucumis polypeptide injection (CCPI) using disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD) as a control (methotrexate (MTX) plus leflunomide (LEF)). Patients were randomly assigned to one of the three groups: PAE + CCPI, MTX + LEF, and MTX + LEF + CCPI. The primary end point was the American College of Rheumatology 20% improvement response criteria (ACR20). The secondary end point was that of adverse effect frequencies and the speed of onset action. Our results showed that more patients in the CCPI-containing groups responded to the ACR20 during early treatment. After six months, ACR20 showed no significant difference among the three treatments. The maximum improvement in the two DMARD groups was significantly higher than that in the PAE + CCPI group (p < 0.01). CCPI made the onset action of the DMARD therapy 4.6 times faster. PAE + CCPI had significantly lower adverse event incidences than the two DMARD groups. These results indicate that PAE + CCPI appear to be a more acceptable alternative to DMARDs when patients cannot use DMARDs. CCPI appears to be a beneficial add-on to DMARDs that makes the onset of action faster, especially when patients need to relieve RA symptoms as soon as possible. Although not as effective as DMARDs, PAE appears to be a safer option to substitute DMARDs for long-term RA treatment when DMARD toxicity is an issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letian Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
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Wu JJ, Sun WY, Hu SS, Zhang S, Wei W. A standardized extract from Paeonia lactiflora and Astragalus membranaceus induces apoptosis and inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of human hepatoma cell lines. Int J Oncol 2013; 43:1643-51. [PMID: 24002667 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.2085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Paeonia lactiflora and Astragalus membranaceus are two traditional Chinese medicines, which are commonly used in Chinese herb prescription to treat liver diseases. The protective effects of the extract prepared from the roots of Paeonia lactiflora and Astragalus membranaceus (PAE) on liver fibrosis have been demonstrated in previous studies. However, its effect on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been investigated to date. In this study, the effects of PAE on the apoptosis, proliferation, migration and invasion of the human hepatoma cell lines HepG2 and SMMC-7721 were investigated. Our data demonstrated that treatment with PAE (50-200 mg/l) caused an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of the hepatoma cell lines HepG2 and SMMC-7721. Furthermore, PAE induced apoptosis of HepG2 cells and SMMC-7721 cells, which was demonstrated by PI staining. In addition, immunocytochemistry and western blotting showed that PAE significantly decreased the expression of Bcl-2, while the expression of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 in HepG2 cells and SMMC-7721 cells was significantly increased after treatment with PAE. These results clearly demonstrated that PAE induced hepatoma cell apoptosis through increasing the Bax-to-Bcl-2 ratio and upregulating the activation of caspase-3. In addition, the results of wound healing assay and Matrigel invasion assay showed that PAE displayed inhibitory activity on the migration and invasion of HCC cells. Taken together, the present data provides evidence that PAE is a potent antineoplastic drug candidate for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Wu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Antiinflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Engineering Technology Research Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immunodrugs in Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
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Fu Q, Wang SB, Zhao SH, Chen XJ, Tu PF. Three new monoterpene glycosides from the roots of Paeonia lactiflora. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2013; 15:697-702. [PMID: 23659613 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2013.794420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Three new monoterpene glycosides, 2'-O-benzoylpaeoniflorin, albiflorin R2, and albiflorin R3 (1-3) were isolated from the roots of Paeonia lactiflora. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic means including one- and two-dimensional NMR experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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Yu J, Zhu X, Qi X, Che J, Cao B. Paeoniflorin protects human EA.hy926 endothelial cells against gamma-radiation induced oxidative injury by activating the NF-E2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 pathway. Toxicol Lett 2013; 218:224-34. [PMID: 23403272 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2012] [Revised: 01/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary endothelial cells have been demonstrated to have a critical role in the pathogenesis of radiation-induced lung injury. Our preliminary experiments indicated that paeoniflorin protected human EA.hy926 endothelial cells from radiation-induced oxidative injury. This study was designed to confirm the protective effect of paeoniflorin against radiation-induced endothelial cellular damage and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Preincubation of EA.hy926 cells with paeoniflorin before γ-radiation resulted in significant inhibition of apoptosis, a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and enhanced cell viability. In particular, we showed that paeoniflorin significantly reduced the formation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage, and enhanced production of the endogenous antioxidants, glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in EA.hy926 cells. Treatment of these cells with paeoniflorin significantly induced HO-1 expression. Moreover, paeoniflorin promoted the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor-2 (Nrf-2). The paeoniflorin-induced HO-1 expression was abrogated by Nrf2 siRNA. Furthermore, inhibition of HO-1 with zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZNPP) significantly reversed the protective effect of paeoniflorin against radiation-induced damage in EA.hy926 cells. Our findings confirmed that paeoniflorin protected EA.hy926 cells against radiation-induced injury through the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yu
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong An Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China
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Wang D, Yuan F, Wang L, Wei W. Paeoniflorin inhibits function and down-regulates HLA-DR and CD80 expression of human peripheral blood monocytes stimulated by RhIL-1β. Int Immunopharmacol 2012; 14:172-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2012.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Revised: 06/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Mechanisms involved in the therapeutic effects of Paeonia lactiflora Pallas in rheumatoid arthritis. Int Immunopharmacol 2012; 14:27-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2012.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Revised: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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35
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Ji Q, Yang L, Zhou J, Lin R, Zhang J, Lin Q, Wang W, Zhang K. Protective effects of paeoniflorin against cobalt chloride-induced apoptosis of endothelial cells via HIF-1α pathway. Toxicol In Vitro 2012; 26:455-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2012.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2011] [Revised: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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36
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Chang Y, Zhang L, Wang C, Jia XY, Wei W. Paeoniflorin inhibits function of synoviocytes pretreated by rIL-1α and regulates EP4 receptor expression. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 137:1275-1282. [PMID: 21840386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2011] [Revised: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 07/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE To investigate the effect of the Paeoniflorin (Pae), a main active component of total glucosides of paeony (TGP) extracted from the root of Paeonia lactiflora, on regulation of synoviocytes cultured from rats collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS CIA was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats immunized with chicken type II collagen (CCII) in Freund's complete adjuvant. The levels of interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) were measured by radioimmunoassay. The proliferation responses was determined by the 3-(4,5-2dimethylthiazal-2yl) 2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay. Expression of E-prostanoid (EP(4)) receptor was detected by Western blotting technique. RESULTS Treatment of Pae (2.5, 12.5, 62.5 μg/ml) significantly decreased the production of IL-1 and TNF-α. Recombinant interleukin-1 (rIL-1α) (10 ng/ml) apparently stimulated synoviocyte, thymocyte and splenocyte proliferation, and Pae (12.5, 62.5 μg/ml) inhibited abnormal proliferation responses stimulated by rIL-1α. Moreover, rIL-1α time- and concentration-dependently increased production of PGE(2). The production of PGE(2) produced by synoviocytes from CIA rats significantly inhibited by administration of Pae (12.5, 62.5 μg/ml). rIL-1α (10 ng/ml) decreased cAMP of synoviocytes cells treated for 24h. Similarly rIL-1α (0.1, 1, 10 ng/ml) induced a concentration-dependent decrease in the production of cAMP at 24h. Pae (12.5, 62.5 μg/ml) increased the production of cAMP in synoviocytes. The immunoblot, Pae (12.5, 62.5 μg/ml) apparently increased the expression of EP(4) receptor in synoviocytes stimulated by rIL-1α (10 ng/ml). CONCLUSIONS The present study indicates that Pae might exert its anti-inflammatory effects through suppressing synoviocytes function and regulating immune cells responses in CIA rats, which might be associated with its ability to up-regulate the E-prostanoid (EP(4)) receptor protein expression and modulate intracellular cAMP level.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology
- Arthritis, Experimental/chemically induced
- Arthritis, Experimental/drug therapy
- Arthritis, Experimental/immunology
- Arthritis, Experimental/metabolism
- Arthritis, Experimental/pathology
- Benzoates/pharmacology
- Blotting, Western
- Bridged-Ring Compounds/pharmacology
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Collagen Type II
- Cyclic AMP/metabolism
- Dinoprostone/metabolism
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Glucosides/pharmacology
- Interleukin-1alpha/metabolism
- Male
- Monoterpenes
- Radioimmunoassay
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype/drug effects
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype/metabolism
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- Spleen/drug effects
- Spleen/immunology
- Synovial Membrane/drug effects
- Synovial Membrane/immunology
- Synovial Membrane/metabolism
- Synovial Membrane/pathology
- Thymocytes/drug effects
- Thymocytes/immunology
- Time Factors
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
- Up-Regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology of Education Ministry, Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China.
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Paeoniflorin attenuates schistosomiasis japonica-associated liver fibrosis through inhibiting alternative activation of macrophages. Parasitology 2011; 138:1259-71. [PMID: 21810309 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182011001065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-13 and alternatively activated macrophages (AAMs) play an important role in liver granuloma and fibrosis of schistosomiasis. Paeoniflorin (PAE, C23H28O11) has been reported to have an anti-hepatic fibrosis effect in schistosomiasis; however, the mechanism has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we measured serum hyaluronic acid (HA) concentrations, liver granuloma diameter and volume density, fibrosis degree and expressions of IL-13, arginase-1 (ARG-1), nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS-2), and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (p-STAT6) in mice liver of schistosomiasis. Then we detected expressions of specific biomarkers of AAMs and activity of Arg-1 in Kupffer cells (KCs) from infected and PAE-treated mice, or in KCs from uninfected mice, but exposed to rIL-13 in vitro. Finally, we observed expression of IL-13 signalling molecules in KCs and secretion of IL-13 from lymphocytes of infected and PAE-treated mice. Our results showed that during schistosomiasis, IL-13 expression and secretion increased with liver macrophages activated alternatively. PAE not only directly inhibited alternative activation of macrophages via reducing the phosphorylations of janus-activated kinase 2 (JAK2) and/or STAT6, leading to reduction of AAMs-related markers and Arg-1 activity, but also indirectly suppressed alternative activation of macrophages through decreasing secretion of IL-13. PAE might be a promising prophylactic agent for hepatic granuloma and fibrosis of schistosomiasis japonica.
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Zhang L, Zhang S. Modulating Bcl-2 family proteins and caspase-3 in induction of apoptosis by paeoniflorin in human cervical cancer cells. Phytother Res 2011; 25:1551-7. [PMID: 21698669 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2010] [Revised: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Paeoniflorin (PF), the principal bioactive component in the paeony root, has been used alone or combined with other herbs for many years in traditional Chinese medicine. New studies have shown that PF possesses an antitumor effect. However, the effect of PF on human cervical cancer cells has not been reported previously. This study determined the effect of PF on human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa) cells by the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, flow cytometry with annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)/propidium iodide (PI) technology, the transmission electron microscope (TEM) and immunocytochemical technique. After treatment with PF, the proliferation of HeLa cells was inhibited in a dose and time-dependent manner (p < 0.05). The apoptosis rate of HeLa cells increased with ascending concentrations of PF (p < 0.05) and the proportion of HeLa cells in S phase showed an increasing trend also. Typical apoptotic changes of HeLa cells exposed to PF were seen under the TEM. Meanwhile, there was a decrease in the expression of Bcl-2 and an enhancement in the expression of Bax and caspase-3 genes compared with the control group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, PF can induce significantly the apoptosis of HeLa cells, which may be demonstrated by the down-regulation of anti-apoptosis gene Bcl-2 and the up-regulation of pro-apoptosis genes Bax and caspase-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Affiliated Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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He DY, Dai SM. Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of paeonia lactiflora pall., a traditional chinese herbal medicine. Front Pharmacol 2011; 2:10. [PMID: 21687505 PMCID: PMC3108611 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2011.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2010] [Accepted: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In China, Korea, and Japan, a decoction of the dried root without bark of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. has been used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, hepatitis, dysmenorrhea, muscle cramping and spasms, and fever for more than 1200 years. A water/ethanol extract of the root is now known as total glucosides of peony (TGP), which contains more than 15 components. Paeoniflorin is the most abundant ingredient and accounts for the pharmacological effects observed with TGP in both in vitro and in vivo studies. The analgesic effect of TGP was confirmed in various animal models of pain, which may be mediated partly by adenosine A1 receptor. The direct anti-inflammatory effects of TGP were observed in animal models of both acute and subacute inflammation, by inhibiting the production of prostaglandin E2, leukotriene B4, and nitric oxide, and by suppressing the increase of intracellular calcium ion concentration. TGP was also reported to have protective effects of cells against oxidative stress. In vitro, dual effects of TGP were noted on the proliferation of lymphocytes, differentiation of Th/Ts lymphocytes, and the production of proinflammatory cytokines and antibodies. In vivo, TGP inhibited the delayed-type hypersensitivity in immuno-activated mice, and enhanced the delayed-type hypersensitivity in immuno-suppressed mice. In adjuvant arthritis rats, paeoniflorin exerted immunosuppressive effects. The beneficial effects of TGP in treating rheumatoid arthritis were verified by randomized controlled trials. The adverse events of TGP were mainly gastrointestinal tract disturbances, mostly mild diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Yi He
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua HospitalShanghai, China
| | - Sheng-Ming Dai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai, China
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40
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The effect of paeoniflorin against lipopolysaccharide-induced oxidative stress and lipid metabolism. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-010-0190-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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41
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The effects of paeoniflorin on LPS-induced liver inflammatory reactions. Arch Pharm Res 2010; 33:959-66. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-010-0620-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2009] [Revised: 01/24/2010] [Accepted: 04/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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42
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Zhao WL. Targeted therapy in T-cell malignancies: dysregulation of the cellular signaling pathways. Leukemia 2009; 24:13-21. [PMID: 19865108 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2009.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
T-cell malignancies, mainly known as T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (T-NHL), are aggressive tumors. Although the clinical outcome of the patients has improved dramatically with combination chemotherapy, significant challenges remain, including understanding of the factors that contribute to the malignant behavior of these tumor cells and developing subsequently optimal targeted therapy. Aberrant cell signal transduction is generally involved in tumor progression and drug resistance. This review describes the pathogenetic role of multiple cellular signaling pathways in T-cell malignancies and the potential therapeutic strategies based on the modulation of these key signaling networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- W-L Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
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Kim ID, Ha BJ. Paeoniflorin protects RAW 264.7 macrophages from LPS-induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. Toxicol In Vitro 2009; 23:1014-9. [PMID: 19540912 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2009.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2008] [Revised: 05/20/2009] [Accepted: 06/16/2009] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
LPS is one of the major constituents of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. LPS-induced activation of macrophage results in the nitrite (NO) production and the secretion of a pro-inflammatory mediator such as PGE(2). Excessive NO reacts with the superoxide anion to generate a selective oxidant and nitrating agent, peroxynitrite, which interacts with biological molecules and damages the cell membranes of them, being able to result in the cell death. We evaluated the protective effects of paeoniflorin (PF) against LPS-induced toxicity by measuring its dose-dependent effects on cell viability in MTT assay, NO production in NO assay, PGE(2) production in prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) assay, and DNA damage in comet assay in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages. In the comet assay, we also analyzed tail length, tail DNA, and tail moment as the markers of DNA strand breaks. PF-treatment significantly protected RAW 264.7 macrophages against LPS-induced toxicity with the increase of viable cells, the decrease of NO and PGE(2), and the repair of DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Deok Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Medical Life Science, Silla University, Sasang-gu, Busan 617-736, Republic of Korea
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Jiang B, Qiao J, Yang Y, Lu Y. Inhibitory effect of paeoniflorin on the inflammatory vicious cycle between adipocytes and macrophages. J Cell Biochem 2009; 113:2560-6. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.22173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2009] [Accepted: 03/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Wang ZJ, Wo SK, Wang L, Lau CBS, Lee VHL, Chow MSS, Zuo Z. Simultaneous quantification of active components in the herbs and products of Si-Wu-Tang by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2009; 50:232-44. [PMID: 19423264 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2009.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2009] [Revised: 04/01/2009] [Accepted: 04/02/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Si-Wu-Tang (SWT), comprising Paeoniae, Angelicae, Chuanxiong and Rehmanniae, is one of the most popular Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formulae for woman's health. Data mining from the available Chinese and English literatures indicated that the major bioactive components of SWT consist of paeoniflorin, paeonol, gallic acid, ferulic acid, Z-ligustilide, ligustrazine, butylphthalide, senkyunolide A and catalpol. Since content determination of the marker compounds is generally considered as an initial step for quality control of TCM product, a high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric method employing both positive and negative electrospray ionization was developed for the simultaneous determination of the nine identified compounds in the raw herbs and products of SWT. The LOQ of the developed assay method for the tested components was 10ng/ml for ligustrazine, 200ng/ml for catalpol, and 100ng/ml for the other seven compounds. The intra-day and inter-day variations of the current assay were within 17.5%. Paeoniflorin, ferulic acid, gallic acid, Z-ligustilide and senkyunolide A were found in all SWT products investigated. Variations in the contents of the studied compounds were observed among batches of raw herbs and SWT products. The currently developed method provides a sensitive and rapid quantification approach that can be useful in the quality control of raw herbs and products of SWT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jun Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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Wu H, Li W, Wang T, Shu Y, Liu P. Paeoniflorin suppress NF-kappaB activation through modulation of I kappaB alpha and enhances 5-fluorouracil-induced apoptosis in human gastric carcinoma cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2008; 62:659-66. [PMID: 18809274 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2008.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2008] [Accepted: 08/05/2008] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to determine whether paeoniflorin enhances 5-fluorouracil-induced apoptosis in human gastric carcinoma cells, and, if so, to determine the relationship between this apoptosis and NF-kappaB activation. METHODS Paeoniflorin was diluted to different concentrations and added to gastric carcinoma cells (SGC-7901) at different times. Western blot was used to test the expression of NF-kappaB in nuclear and I kappaB alpha, p-I kappaB alpha, IKK alpha in cytoplasm. Further, the intranuclear expression of NF-kappaB was confirmed by ELISA assay. The impact of paeoniflorin and 5-fluorouracil on cell apoptosis of gastric carcinoma cells was estimated by flow cytometry. RESULTS Paeoniflorin revealed dramatic inhibition of NF-kappaB activity in the nuclei of the cells. The inhibition pattern of NF-kappaB was exhibited in a time- and dose-dependent manner, which was confirmed by Western blot and ELISA. Decreased nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB induced by paeoniflorin was found by preventing I kappaB alpha phosphorylation. Moreover, 5-fluorouracil-induced cell apoptosis was promoted by paeoniflorin in gastric carcinoma cells. CONCLUSIONS Paeoniflorin can inhibit NF-kappaB activity of SGC-7901 cells, and enhance 5-fluorouracil-induced apoptosis of gastric carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, PR China
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Chu D, Li C, Wu Q, Shen J. Paeoniflorin prevents hepatic fibrosis of Schistosomiasis japonica by inhibiting TGF-β1 production from macrophages in mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11684-008-0029-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Salunga TL, Tabuchi Y, Takasaki I, Feril LB, Zhao QL, Ohtsuka K, Tsuneyama K, Kondo T. Identification of genes responsive to paeoniflorin, a heat shock protein-inducing compound, in human leukemia U937 cells. Int J Hyperthermia 2008; 23:529-37. [PMID: 17952766 DOI: 10.1080/02656730701639499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE AND BACKGROUND Paeoniflorin (PF) isolated from peony root (Paeoniae radix) has been used as a herbal medicine in East Asia for its anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulatory effects. PF is known to cause apoptosis and to be a chemical heat shock protein (HSP) inducer. With this information, the effects on the gene expression in human leukemia U937 cells treated with PF were investigated. METHODS U937 cells, a human myelomonocytic cell line, were treated with PF at different concentrations (0-640 microg/ml). Expression level of Hsp70 was monitored by Western blotting. Gene expression was evaluated using high-density oligonucleotide microarrays and computational gene expression analysis tools and the results were verified by real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS Although cell viability was not affected after PF treatment at a high concentration of 640 microg/ml, PF treatment (80-640 microg/ml) significantly elevated Hsp70 expression in a concentration-dependent manner. When the cells were treated with PF (160 microg/ml; 30 min), 35 up-regulated and 29 down-regulated genes were identified. Among the differentially expressed genes, a significant genetic network containing CDC2, FOSL1 and EGR1 was associated with biological functions such as cell death, gene expression or cellular growth and proliferation. CONCLUSION The present results indicate that PF affects the expression of many genes including Hsp70 and will provide a better understanding on the molecular mechanism of action of this compound in inducing HSPs in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thucydides L Salunga
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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Kim J, Yean M, Lee J, Kim Y, Lee E, Lee S, Kang S. A New Monoterpene Glucoside from the Roots ofPaeonia lactiflora. Helv Chim Acta 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200890017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Hung JY, Yang CJ, Tsai YM, Huang HW, Huang MS. Antiproliferative activity of paeoniflorin is through cell cycle arrest and the Fas/Fas ligand-mediated apoptotic pathway in human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2007; 35:141-7. [PMID: 17941899 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2007.04795.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
1. Paeoniflorin (PF), isolated from the paeony root, is reported to have immunoregulatory, neuromuscular blocking, anticonvulsant, antihyperglycaemic and antihypotensive effects. 2. The present study investigated the antiproliferative activity of PF. The results showed that PF inhibited the proliferation of A549 by blocking cell cycle progression in the G(0)/G(1) phase and inducing apoptosis. 3. An ELISA showed that G(0)/G(1) phase arrest may be due to p53-independent induction of p21/wild-type p53-activated fragment 1 (WAF1). Increased protein expression of Fas/apoptosis-1 (APO-1) and its two ligands, membrane-bound Fas ligand and soluble Fas ligand, may be responsible for the PF-induced apoptosis. 4. This is the first study to show that the induction of p21/WAF1 and the activity of the Fas/Fas ligand apoptotic system may participate in the antiproliferative activity of PF in A549 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Yu Hung
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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