1
|
Bezold V, Rosenstock P, Scheffler J, Geyer H, Horstkorte R, Bork K. Glycation of macrophages induces expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reduces phagocytic efficiency. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:5258-5275. [PMID: 31386629 PMCID: PMC6682540 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glycation and the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are known to occur during normal aging but also in the progression of several diseases, such as diabetes. Diabetes type II and aging both lead to impaired wound healing. It has been demonstrated that macrophages play an important role in impaired wound healing, however, the underlying causes remain unknown. Elevated blood glucose levels as well as elevated methylglyoxal (MGO) levels in diabetic patients result in glycation and increase of AGEs. We used MGO to investigate the influence of glycation and AGEs on macrophages. We could show that glycation, but not treatment with AGE-modified serum proteins, increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and IL-8 but also affected IL-10 and TNF-α expression, resulting in increased inflammation. At the same time, glycation reduced phagocytic efficiency and led to impaired clearance rates of invading microbes and cellular debris. Our data suggest that glycation contributes to changes of macrophage activity and cytokine expression and therefore could support the understanding of disturbed wound healing during aging and diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Bezold
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Philip Rosenstock
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jonas Scheffler
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Henriette Geyer
- Octapharma Biopharmaceuticals GmbH, Molecular Biochemistry, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Horstkorte
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Kaya Bork
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Increased Expression of Immature Mannose-Containing Glycoproteins and Sialic Acid in Aged Mouse Brains. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246118. [PMID: 31817246 PMCID: PMC6940728 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging represents the accumulation of changes in an individual over time, encompassing physical, psychological, and social changes. Posttranslational modifications of proteins such as glycosylation, including sialylation or glycation, are proposed to be involved in this process, since they modulate a variety of molecular and cellular functions. In this study, we analyzed selected posttranslational modifications and the respective proteins on which they occur in young and old mouse brains. The expression of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE), as well as the carbohydrate-epitopes paucimannose and high-mannose, polysialic acid, and O-GlcNAc were examined. We demonstrated that mannose-containing glycans increased on glycoproteins in aged mouse brains and identified synapsin-1 as one major carrier of paucimannose in aged brains. In addition, we found an accumulation of so-called advanced glycation endproducts, which are generated by non-enzymatic reactions and interfere with protein function. Furthermore, we analyzed the expression of sialic acid and found also an increase during aging.
Collapse
|
3
|
Klandorf H, Probert I, Iqbal M. In the defence against hyperglycaemia: an avian strategy. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2019. [DOI: 10.1079/wps19990019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Klandorf
- Division of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, West Virginia University, P.O. Box 6108, Morgantown, WV 26506-6108, USA
| | - I.L. Probert
- Division of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, West Virginia University, P.O. Box 6108, Morgantown, WV 26506-6108, USA
| | - M. Iqbal
- Division of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, West Virginia University, P.O. Box 6108, Morgantown, WV 26506-6108, USA
- Center of Excellence for Poultry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Qiu H, Li WP, Shen XH, Guo XY, Hua B, Li HW. Dynamic fluctuations of advanced glycation end products and its C-terminal truncated receptor level in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and undergoing diabetes or not: A retrospective study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e11278. [PMID: 30045252 PMCID: PMC6078646 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000011278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and its C-terminal truncated receptor (soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products, sRAGE) in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients with or without diabetes is unknown. We compared their levels in patients with and without STEMI, as well as with and without diabetes. A prospective observational study was performed between December 2014 and December 2015. Study group included STEMI patients with coronary artery disease; control group included patients without coronary artery disease. Levels of AGEs and sRAGE were tested on Days 0, 2, and 5 after STEMI. Levels of creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), cardiac troponin I, and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) were tested on Days 0, 1, 2, and 3. Patient's diabetic status was determined by medical history or oral glucose tolerance test. Compared to patients in the control group, STEMI patients showed elevated levels of AGEs and sRAGE. In the STEMI group, diabetic patients had higher levels of AGEs and sRAGE compared to nondiabetic patients. The level of AGEs correlated with peak level of CK-MB in the overall population of patients with STEMI and with peak level of NT-proBNP in diabetic patients with STEMI. Levels of AGEs and sRAGE were elevated after STEMI, especially among patients with diabetes. These markers could serve to indicate the severity of myocardial injury and cardiac insufficiency, and play a potential role in predicting the prognosis of patients with STEMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital
| | - Wei-Ping Li
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital
| | - Xu-Hua Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital
| | | | - Bing Hua
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital
| | - Hong-Wei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kamtchueng Simo O, Ikhlef S, Berrougui H, Khalil A. Advanced glycation end products affect cholesterol homeostasis by impairing ABCA1 expression on macrophages. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 95:977-984. [PMID: 28704619 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), which is intimately linked to high-density lipoproteins (HDLs), plays a key role in cholesterol homeostasis and the prevention of atherosclerosis. The goal of the present study was to investigate the effect of aging and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on RCT as well as on other factors that may affect the antiatherogenic property of HDLs. The transfer of macrophage-derived cholesterol to the plasma and liver and then to the feces for elimination was significantly lower in aged mice than in young mice. Chronic injection of d -galactose (D-gal) or AGEs also significantly reduced RCT (65.3% reduction in [3H]cholesterol levels in the plasma of D-gal-treated mice after 48 h compared with control mice, P < 0.01). The injection of both D-gal and aminoguanidine hydrochloride increased [3H]cholesterol levels in the plasma, although the levels were lower than those of control mice. The in vitro incubation of HDLs with dicarbonyl compounds increased the carbonyl and conjugated diene content of HDLs and significantly reduced PON1 paraoxonase activity (87.4% lower than control HDLs, P < 0.0001). Treating J774A.1 macrophages with glycated fetal bovine serum increased carbonyl formation (39.5% increase, P < 0.003) and reduced ABCA1 protein expression and the capacity of macrophages to liberate cholesterol (69.1% decrease, P < 0.0001). Our results showed, for the first time, that RCT is altered with aging and that AGEs contribute significantly to this alteration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Souade Ikhlef
- a Research Centre on Aging, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada.,b Department of Biology, University Sultan moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Hicham Berrougui
- a Research Centre on Aging, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada.,b Department of Biology, University Sultan moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Abdelouahed Khalil
- a Research Centre on Aging, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada.,c Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Service, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Van Putte L, De Schrijver S, Moortgat P. The effects of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on dermal wound healing and scar formation: a systematic review. Scars Burn Heal 2016; 2:2059513116676828. [PMID: 29799552 PMCID: PMC5965313 DOI: 10.1177/2059513116676828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: With ageing, the skin gradually loses its youthful appearance and functions
like wound healing and scar formation. The pathophysiological theory of
Advanced Glycation End products (AGEs) has gained traction during the last
decade. This review aims to document the influence of AGEs on the mechanical
and physiologic properties of the skin, how they affect dermal wound healing
and scar formation in high-AGE populations like elderly patients and
diabetics, and potential therapeutic strategies. Methods: This systematic literature study involved a structured search in Pubmed and
Web of Science with qualitative analysis of 14 articles after a three-staged
selection process with the use of in- and exclusion criteria. Results: Overall, AGEs cause shortened, thinned, and disorganized collagen fibrils,
consequently reducing elasticity and skin/scar thickness with increased
contraction and delayed wound closure. Documented therapeutic strategies
include dietary AGE restriction, sRAGE decoy receptors, aminoguanidine,
RAGE-blocking antibodies, targeted therapy, thymosin β4, anti-oxidant agents
and gold nanoparticles, ethyl pyruvate, Gal-3 manipulation and
metformin. Discussion: With lack of evidence concerning scars, no definitive conclusions can yet be
made about the role of AGEs on possible appearance or function of scar
tissue. However, all results suggest that scars tend to be more rigid and
contractile with persistent redness and reduced tendency towards hypertrophy
as AGEs accumulate. Conclusion: Abundant evidence supports the pathologic role of AGEs in ageing and dermal
wound healing and the effectiveness of possible therapeutic agents. More
research is required to conclude its role in scar formation and scar
therapy. Our skin is the body’s first line of defense. It is the barrier that protects us
from chemical and biological threats such as viruses, bacteria or corrosive
liquids. It is the sensor that allows us to detect physical threats like extreme
temperatures, pressure and pain. And when these preventative measures fail, the
skin has yet another property: the ability to heal. Skin changes visibly with age, most notably with the appearance of wrinkles.
However, there is more to ageing than meets the eye; invisible alterations cause
the decline of various functions of the skin, such as wound healing and scar
formation. An array of non-conclusive research has been done in this field. One
theory that has gained traction during the last decade is the Advanced Glycation
End products (AGEs) theory. The theory states that AGEs play an important role
in skin aging, wound healing and the effectiveness of different therapeutic
options. Their presence supposedly indicates a diminished ability for wound
healing and scar formation. AGEs are proteins to which sugar molecule is bound. The sugar molecule inhibits
the original protein from functioning properly. As skin contains many proteins
like collagen, the formation of these AGEs could be a viable explanation for the
diminished functioning with ageing. In this review, we investigated whether the
accumulation of AGEs affects wound healing and scar formation. Normal scar formation results in a thin scar. However, it may happen that
scarring results in thick, large, painful and itchy scars. We investigated
whether people with a high AGE content in their skin, like diabetics and
elderly, have difficulties forming aesthetically pleasing scars. Secondly, we
investigated which therapies reduce the AGE content and, if so, whether these
therapies can improve wound healing and scarring. This literature study involved
research in scientific databases with qualitative analysis of 14 articles after
a three-staged selection process with the use of set criteria. We found the different ways in which AGEs affect skin properties and wound
healing. Collagen, one of the most important proteins in the skin, is affected
by these AGEs. Once a sugar binds to it, the collagen strings becomes thinner
and shorter, and the different collagen proteins cross-link with each other in
an unstructured way. The result of these alterations is a reduced elasticity,
i.e. the skin becomes stiffer. The scar will be thinner and the time for wounds
to close is longer. We also found strategies to diminish the AGE content,
including dietary AGE restriction and Metformin, a drug used in diabetes. We can conclude that there is proof of AGEs playing an important role in skin
ageing, wound healing and the effectiveness of different therapeutic options.
However, more research is required to conclude the exact role of AGEs in scar
formation and scar therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lennert Van Putte
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sofie De Schrijver
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Peter Moortgat
- Oscare, Organisation for Burns, Scar After-care and Research, Antwerp, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang P, Huang R, Lu S, Xia W, Cai R, Sun H, Wang S. RAGE and AGEs in Mild Cognitive Impairment of Diabetic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0145521. [PMID: 26745632 PMCID: PMC4706319 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Receptor for advanced glycation end products (AGEs; RAGE) binds to both AGEs and amyloid-beta peptides. RAGE is involved in chronic complications of type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. We aimed to investigate the roles of RAGE, AGEs and the Gly82Ser polymorphism of RAGE in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among type 2 diabetes patients. METHODS Of the 167 hospitalized type 2 diabetes patients recruited, 82 satisfied the diagnostic criteria for MCI, and 85 matched control individuals were classified as non-MCI. Demographic data were collected, and the soluble RAGE (sRAGE) concentrations, serum AGE-peptide (AGE-P) levels, RAGE Gly82Ser genotype and neuropsychological test results were examined. RESULTS The MCI group exhibited a decreased sRAGE level (0.87±0.35 vs. 1.05±0.52 ng/ml, p<0.01) and an increased serum AGE-P level (3.54±1.27 vs. 2.71±1.18 U/ml, p<0.01) compared with the control group. Logistic regression analysis indicated that each unit reduction in the sRAGE concentration increased the MCI risk by 54% (OR 0.46[95% CI 0.22-0.96], p = 0.04) and that each unit increase in the AGE-P level increased the MCI risk by 72% in the type 2 diabetes patients (OR 1.72[95% CI 1.31-2.28], p<0.01). The serum sRAGE level was negatively correlated with the score on the trail making test-B (TMT-B) (r = -0.344, p = 0.002), which indicates early cognitive deficits related to diabetes. Moreover, the AGE-P level was positively correlated with multiple cognitive domains (all p<0.05). No significant differences in the neuropsychological test results or serum RAGE concentrations between the different RAGE genotypes or in the RAGE genotype frequencies between the MCI and control groups were identified (all p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS The RAGE pathway partially mediates AGE-induced MCI in diabetic patients. The serum AGE-P level may serve as a serum biomarker of MCI in these individuals, and sRAGE represents a predictor and even a potential intervention target of early cognitive decline in type 2 diabetes patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION Advanced Glycation End Products Induced Cognitive Impairment in Diabetes: BDNF Signal Meditated Hippocampal Neurogenesis ChiCTR-OCC-15006060.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Rong Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Sen Lu
- Department of the Intensive Care Unit, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Wenqing Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Rongrong Cai
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Haixia Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Shaohua Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
|
9
|
Bhattacharjee MK, Sugawara K, Ayandeji OT. Microwave sterilization of growth medium alleviates inhibition of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans by Maillard reaction products. J Microbiol Methods 2009; 78:227-30. [PMID: 19524624 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2009.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2009] [Revised: 06/04/2009] [Accepted: 06/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Aggregatibacter (Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans is the causative agent of localized aggressive periodontitis and endocarditis. The bacteria grow slowly even in a rich medium and rapidly lose viability after about 19 h of growth. One of the reasons for the slow growth and for the decreased viability is the conventional method of making growth media by autoclaving. Faster growth and greater viability were observed in both broth and plates if the growth media were sterilized by microwave radiation rather than by autoclaving. One difference between autoclaved and microwaved media is that the autoclaved media are darker brown in color, which is known to be due to the Maillard reaction products, also known as Amadori products. The Maillard reaction products formed by autoclaving a mixture of lysine and glucose were shown to inhibit growth of A. actinomycetemcomitans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mrinal K Bhattacharjee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Long Island University, Brooklyn, New York, United States.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ahmad W, Li L, Deng Y. Identification of AGE-precursors and AGE formation in glycation-induced BSA peptides. BMB Rep 2008; 41:516-22. [PMID: 18682035 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2008.41.7.516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The glycation of BSA leads to protein/peptide modifications that result in the formation of AGEs. AGEs react with the amino groups of N-terminal amino acid residues, particularly arginine and lysine residues. Enhanced AGE formation exists in the blood and tissues of diabetics, as well as in aging and other disorders. The Identification of AGEs is of great importance. Mass spectrometry has been applied to identify and structurally elucidate AGEs. Here, we report on the identification of AGE- peptides and AGE-precursors based on relative mass changes as a result of specific AGE formation. HPLC-ESIMS, ESI-MS/MS, and the Mascot database were used. The relative mass changes due to the specific type of AGE formation were added to the identified peptides followed by a manual search of the glycated samples, which resulted in the identification of seven peptides for the formation of five AGEs, namely CML, pyrraline, imidazolone A, imidazolone B, and AFGP. Four glycated peptides (FPK, ECCDKPLLEK, IETMR, and HLVDEPQNLIK) were identified in the formation of AGE-precursors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Waqar Ahmad
- School of Life Science & Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing-10008, PR China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Renganathan K, Ebrahem Q, Vasanji A, Gu X, Lu L, Sears J, Salomon RG, Anand-Apte B, Crabb JW. Carboxyethylpyrrole adducts, age-related macular degeneration and neovascularization. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2008; 613:261-7. [PMID: 18188953 DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-74904-4_30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
|
12
|
Seo DM, Goldschmidt-Clermont PJ, West M. Of mice and men: Sparse statistical modeling in cardiovascular genomics. Ann Appl Stat 2007. [DOI: 10.1214/07-aoas110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
13
|
Ebrahem Q, Renganathan K, Sears J, Vasanji A, Gu X, Lu L, Salomon RG, Crabb JW, Anand-Apte B. Carboxyethylpyrrole oxidative protein modifications stimulate neovascularization: Implications for age-related macular degeneration. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:13480-4. [PMID: 16938854 PMCID: PMC1569188 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0601552103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2006] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Choroidal neovascularization (CNV), the advanced stage of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), accounts for >80% of vision loss in AMD. Carboxyethylpyrrole (CEP) protein modifications, uniquely generated from oxidation of docosahexaenoate-containing lipids, are more abundant in Bruch's membrane from AMD eyes. We tested the hypothesis that CEP protein adducts stimulate angiogenesis and possibly contribute to CNV in AMD. Human serum albumin (HSA) or acetyl-Gly-Lys-O-methyl ester (dipeptide) were chemically modified to yield CEP-modified HSA (CEP-HSA) or CEP-dipeptide. The in vivo angiogenic properties of CEP-HSA and CEP-dipeptide were demonstrated by using the chick chorioallantoic membrane and rat corneal micropocket assays. Low picomole amounts of CEP-HSA and CEP-dipeptide stimulated neovascularization. Monoclonal anti-CEP antibody neutralized limbal vessel growth stimulated by CEP-HSA, whereas anti-VEGF antibody was found to only partially neutralize vessel growth. Subretinal injections of CEP-modified mouse serum albumin exacerbated laser-induced CNV in mice. In vitro treatments of human retinal pigment epithelial cells with CEP-dipeptide or CEP-HSA did not induce increased VEGF secretion. Overall, these results suggest that CEP-induced angiogenesis utilizes VEGF-independent pathways and that anti-CEP therapeutic modalities might be of value in limiting CNV in AMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kutralanathan Renganathan
- *Cole Eye Institute and
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | | | - Amit Vasanji
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, and
| | | | - Liang Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Robert G. Salomon
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - John W. Crabb
- *Cole Eye Institute and
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, and
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Bela Anand-Apte
- *Cole Eye Institute and
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, and
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Senescence has been considered a programmed cellular response, parallel to apoptosis, that is turned on when a cell reaches Hayflick's limit. Once cells enter the senescence program, they cease to proliferate and undergo a series of morphological and functional changes. Studies support a central role for Rb protein in controlling this process after it receives senescent signals from the p53 and p16 pathways. Cellular senescence is considered an essential contributor to the aging process and has been shown to be an important tumor suppression mechanism. In addition, emerging evidence suggests that senescence may also be involved in the pathogenesis of stem cell dysfunction and chronic human diseases. Under these circumstances cells undergo stress-induced premature senecence, which has several specific features. Focusing on endothelial cells, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of the stresses and their pathways that prompt the premature senescence response, evaluate their correlation with the apoptotic response, and examine their links to the development of chronic diseases and the impaired function of endothelial progenitor cells, with the emphasis on vasculopathy. Emerging novel therapeutic interventions based on recent experimental findings are also reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Department of Medicine, Renal Research Institute, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chen J, Huang X, Halicka D, Brodsky S, Avram A, Eskander J, Bloomgarden NA, Darzynkiewicz Z, Goligorsky MS. Contribution of p16INK4aand p21CIP1pathways to induction of premature senescence of human endothelial cells: permissive role of p53. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2006; 290:H1575-86. [PMID: 16243918 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00364.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We have previously found that nonenzymatically glycated collagen I (GC), mimicking diabetic microenvironment, can induce senescent phenotype in early passage human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). In the present study, we explored the functional involvement of cell cycle checkpoint pathways in initiating GC-induced premature endothelial cell senescence. When compared with native collagen, early passage HUVECs showed increased p53, p21CIP1(p21), and p16INK4a(p16) mRNA expression after exposure to GC. Twenty-four hours after transfection of p16, p21, and p53-enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) recombinant plasmids, HUVECs entered G1-phase cell cycle arrest. By days 3 and 5, HUVECs transfected with p16-EGFP showed an increased proportion of senescent cells, and this increase was more prominent in the GFP-positive cell population, which exhibited 68% of senescent cells. Transfection of p21 also induced senescence but only by day 5. Cotransfection of p16 and p21 showed no additive effect. Transfection of p21 or p53 induced apoptosis in HUVECs. Next, we suppressed endogenous p53, p21, p16, or retinoblastoma (Rb) gene expression through small interference RNA strategy and investigated their influence in p16- and p21-initiated endothelial cell senescence. Analysis indicated that suppression of p53 expression can abolish senescence induced by p16 overexpression. Paradoxically, this effect was not observed when p21 was suppressed. On the other hand, suppression of Rb eliminated senescence initiated by either p16 or p21 overexpression. In summary, the p53/p21 pathway is mainly responsible for GC-induced apoptosis, but the coordinated activation of the p53/p21 and p16 pathway is responsible for GC-induced endothelial cell senescence through a Rb-dependent mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bissett DL, Oblong JE, Berge CA. Niacinamide: A B vitamin that improves aging facial skin appearance. Dermatol Surg 2005; 31:860-5; discussion 865. [PMID: 16029679 DOI: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2005.31732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In multiple chronic clinical studies, topical niacinamide (vitamin B3) has been observed to be well tolerated by skin and to provide a broad array of improvements in the appearance of aging facial skin (eg, reduction in the appearance of hyperpigmentated spots and red blotchiness). OBJECTIVE To clinically determine the effect of topical niacinamide on additional skin appearance and property end points (wrinkles, yellowing, and elasticity). METHODS Female white subjects (N = 50) with clinical signs of facial photoaging (fine lines and wrinkles, poor texture, and hyperpigmented spots) applied 5% niacinamide to half of the face and its vehicle control to the other half twice daily for 12 weeks (double blind, left-right randomized). Facial images and instrumental measures were obtained at baseline and at 4-week intervals. RESULTS Analyses of the data revealed a variety of significant skin appearance improvement effects for topical niacinamide: reductions in fine lines and wrinkles, hyperpigmented spots, red blotchiness, and skin sallowness (yellowing). In addition, elasticity (as measured via cutometry) was improved. Corresponding mechanistic information is presented. CONCLUSION In addition to previously observed benefits for topical niacinamide, additional effects were identified (improved appearance of skin wrinkles and yellowing and improved elasticity).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donald L Bissett
- The Procter & Gamble Company, Miami Valley Laboratories, Cincinnati, Ohio 45252, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bissett DL, Miyamoto K, Sun P, Li J, Berge CA. Topical niacinamide reduces yellowing, wrinkling, red blotchiness, and hyperpigmented spots in aging facial skin1. Int J Cosmet Sci 2004; 26:231-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-2494.2004.00228.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
18
|
Rösen P, Nawroth PP, King G, Möller W, Tritschler HJ, Packer L. The role of oxidative stress in the onset and progression of diabetes and its complications: a summary of a Congress Series sponsored by UNESCO-MCBN, the American Diabetes Association and the German Diabetes Society. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2001; 17:189-212. [PMID: 11424232 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 620] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review summarises the results and discussions of an UNESCO-MCBN supported symposium on oxidative stress and its role in the onset and progression of diabetes. There is convincing experimental and clinical evidence that the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROI) is increased in both types of diabetes and that the onset of diabetes is closely associated with oxidative stress. Nevertheless there is controversy about which markers of oxidative stress are most reliable and suitable for clinical practice. There are various mechanisms that contribute to the formation of ROI. It is generally accepted that vascular cells and especially the endothelium become one major source of ROI. An important role of oxidative stress for the development of vascular and neurological complications is suggested by experimental and clinical studies. The precise mechanisms by which oxidative stress may accelerate the development of complications in diabetes are only partly known. There is however evidence for a role of protein kinase C, advanced glycation end products (AGE) and activation of transcription factors such as NF kappa B, but the exact signalling pathways and the interactions with ROI remain a matter of discussion. Additionally, results of very recent studies suggest a role for ROI in the development of insulin resistance. ROI interfere with insulin signalling at various levels and are able to inhibit the translocation of GLUT4 in the plasma membrane. Evidence for a protective effect of antioxidants has been presented in experimental studies, but conclusive evidence from patient studies is missing. Large-scale clinical trials such as the DCCT Study or the UKPDS Study are needed to evaluate the long-term effects of antioxidants in diabetic patients and their potential to reduce the medical and socio-economic burden of diabetes and its complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Rösen
- Deutsches Diabetesforschungsinstitut, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yamanouchi J, Nishida E, Itagaki S, Kawamura S, Doi K, Yoshikawa Y. Aortic atheromatous lesions developed in APA hamsters with streptozotocin induced diabetes: a new animal model for diabetic atherosclerosis. 1. Histopathological studies. Exp Anim 2000; 49:259-66. [PMID: 11109551 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.49.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
To develop an adequate animal model for atherosclerosis in large vessels of patients with diabetes, i.e. diabetic macroangiopathy, we induced diabetes in APA hamsters with a single injection of streptozotocin (SZ) and examined the aorta histopathologically and immunohistochemically. As a result, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia were continuously observed for 26 weeks after the SZ injection (WAI) in APA hamsters. Fatty streaks characterized by a subendothelial accumulation of many foam cells were observed, limited to the aortic arches as early as 6 WAI. In addition to larger fatty streaks developing with the duration of diabetes, fibrous plaques and plaques containing calcium deposits or cholesterol clefts developed at 26 WAI. These lesions are generally similar to the atheromatous lesions developed in humans. Moreover, depositions of apolipoprotein E and advanced glycation end-products immunohistochemically detected in the lesions were very similar to those found in humans. The diabetic APA hamster is therefore considered to be a useful model for studying the formation of atheromatous lesions in diabetic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Yamanouchi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yamanouchi J, Takatori A, Itagaki S, Kawamura S, Yoshikawa Y. APA hamster model for diabetic atherosclerosis. 2. Analysis of lipids and lipoproteins. Exp Anim 2000; 49:267-74. [PMID: 11109552 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.49.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Syrian hamsters of the APA strain (APA hamsters) have recently been shown to have atheromatous lesions in the aortic arches under diabetic condition induced by a single injection of streptozotocin (SZ). In that model, fatty streaks, which are the initial lesions of atherogenesis, develop by 6 weeks after the injection (WAI). In this study, we evaluated plasma lipid concentrations and lipoprotein profiles in diabetic APA hamsters at 6 WAI to reveal the early stage of atherogenesis clinicopathologically. As a result, by biochemical analysis, hyperglycemic APA hamsters showed signs of hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol significantly increased, but high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol significantly decreased. Agarose gel electrophoresis showed an obvious increase in the fractions of chylomicron, LDL and abnormal lipoprotein. Plasma LDL in diabetic animals was in a state more susceptible to oxidization. In addition, a significant increase in glycated LDL was also found in the diabetic animals by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Moreover, lipid peroxidation product (4-hydroxynonenal (4 HNE))-adducted proteins and advanced glycation end-products (AGE) were immunohistochemically detected in the foam cells of the fatty streaks. These results revealed that diabetic APA hamsters had hyperlipidemia characterized by increases in chylomicron, LDL and abnormal lipoprotein, and suggested that oxidized LDL and/or glycated LDL might be actively uptaken by macrophages and play an important role in the initial stage of atherogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Yamanouchi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kim DH, Kim TY, Kim SM, Yoo SJ, Oh DJ, Yu SH. Advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2000; 16:106-13. [PMID: 10751750 PMCID: PMC2687688 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1520-7560(200003/04)16:2<106::aid-dmrr88>3.0.co;2-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced glycosylation end product (AGE) formation is a major mechanism for the development of complications in diabetes, and the possible roles of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) are not clearly established. METHODS We examined the associations of AGEs, free IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients under diverse conditions. In a cross-sectional design we studied 110 subjects (67 women and 43 men): non-diabetic controls in group 1, (n = 15) and diabetes patients as follows: group 2, without complications (n = 25); group 3, with chronic complications (n = 25); group 4, with acute or chronic infections (n = 24); group 5, hospitalized for reasons unrelated to diabetes (n = 9); group 6, with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) (n = 12). AGEs were determined by a spectrofluorometric method (HPLC). Insulin and IGFBP-3 were measured by RIA and free IGF-1 with an IRMA method. RESULTS AGEs were 13-fold higher in patients with ESRD (p<0.001), and lower in healthy individuals. Free IGF-1 was lower in the patients with complications (p = 0.017), with infections (p = 0.006) and hospitalized (p = 0.04). IGFBP-3 was higher in hospitalized patients (p=0.017). AGEs were associated with free IGF-1 (r = 0.41, p = 0.04) in the group with complications, and with HbA(1c) (r = -0.90, p = 0.002) in hospitalized patients. In the total group, free IGF-1 (r = -0.25, p = 0.008), and IGFBP-3 (r = -0.22, p = 0.021) were associated with HbA(1c). CONCLUSION We concluded that AGEs were markedly increased in diabetic patients with ESRD, IGF-1 was decreased in patients with infections and hospitalized, and was negatively associated with HbA(1c). IGFBP-3 was increased in hospitalized patients, with higher levels in patients with long bone fractures. A complex interaction of humoral factors may participate in the acceleration of complications of diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Do-Hyoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun-Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Jeong Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Jin Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk-Hee Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Georgescu A, Popov D. Age-dependent accumulation of advanced glycation endproducts is accelerated in combined hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia, a process attenuated by L-arginine. J Am Aging Assoc 2000; 23:33-40. [PMID: 23604797 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-000-0005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In this study we have investigated the occurrence of "classical" Amadori rearrangement products of AGE-proteins in the vascular mesenteric bed and in the lens of Golden Syrian hamsters (12 weeks old) rendered simultaneous hyperlipidemics-diabetics (HD), or hyperlipidemics (H) for 24 weeks. For the next 4 weeks the hamsters in HD and H groups received by gavage a solution of 3 mM L-arginine, with the intent to look for the potential effects of L-arginine on the fluorescence of tissular AGE-proteins. Age-matched normal hamsters were used as controls (C). The AGE-products of proteins, and the AGE-collagen isolated from the mesenteric bed were quantitated by fluorescence spectroscopy at ex: 370 nm/em: 440 nm. The results showed that: (i) compared to the fluorescence levels of AGE-proteins detected at C goup, in HD group the fluorescence of AGE-proteins was found 2.78 and 7.41 fold increased in the vascular mesenteric bed and lens, respectively; (ii) in H group the fluorescence of AGE-proteins was 2.36 fold augumented in the vascular mesenteric bed, and 5.43 fold in the lens (versus the C goup); (iii) the aging occurring during the 24 weeks of the experiment induced a small increase in AGE-proteins fluorescence in both mesentery (1.76 fold) and lens (3.83 fold), compared to the levels measured in C group at the inception of the study (12 weeks old hamsters); (iv) the fluorescence of AGE-proteins in the vascular mesenteric bed and in the lens of hamsters in HD and H groups correlated with the increase in circulating plasma glucose and cholesterol concentrations throughout the experiment; (v) L-arginine dietary supplementation in HD and H groups, diminished the AGE-collagen fluorescence in the mesentery to ∼ 35% and ∼ 17%, respectively; in the lens the fluorescence of AGE-proteins was reduced to 65-70% of the levels found in HD and H groups (at 24 weeks). This study showed for the first time that simultaneous hyperlipidemia-hyperglycemia induced an enhanced accumulation of fluorescent AGE-proteins in the mesentery and lens (comparatively to the effect of hyperlipidemia and of chronological aging monitored during the experiment), and that in vivo L-arginine administration decreased the fluorescence of tissular AGE-proteins (AGE-collagen included). The latter observation may bring another area of potential intervention in the adjunct efforts to find out inhibitors of AGE formation, and thus to reduce the increased levels of AGE-proteins accumulated in tissues when diabetes is additionally complicated with atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Georgescu
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", Bucharest, 8 B.P.Hasdeu Street, 79691 Romania
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ivanov GI, Chaushev TA, Dakovska LN, Kyurkchiev SD. Increased adhesion of lymphoid cells to glycated proteins. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 1999; 31:797-804. [PMID: 10467736 DOI: 10.1016/s1357-2725(99)00025-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The advanced glycation end-products are involved in the pathogenesis of vascular damages and other clinical complications in diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the adhesion of lymphoid cells to nonenzymatically glycated proteins in comparison with the unmodified substances. METHODS Two cell lines (monocyte-macrophage line U937 and the T-cell line Jurkat) were used throughout the experiments. The cells were left to adhere to nonenzymatically glycated and native proteins coated on a 96-well flat-bottom plates and the cellular adhesion was registered as absorption at 550 nm following the method described by Ivanov and Kyurkchiev [G. Ivanov, S. Kyurkchiev, Effect of advanced glycosylation end-products on the activity of integrins expressed on U937 cells, Hum. Immunol. 59 (1998) 325-330.]. RESULTS It was found that the monocytes had increased adhesion to nonenzymatically glycated proteins such as collagen, fibronectin and bovine serum albumin, whereas the T-cells had increased adhesion to the glycated collagen and bovine serum albumin but reduced adhesion to advanced glycated fibronectin. Experiments with different stimulating agents showed that phorbol-myriastate, acetate (A550 = 0.672 +/- 0.068, S.E.M., n = 40), glucose (A550 = 0.593 +/- 0.051, S.E.M., n = 40) and TNF-alpha (A550 = 0.580 +/- 0.042, S.E.M., n = 40) increased the adhesion of U937 cells to advanced glycated bovine serum albumin in comparison with the adhesion of the untreated cells (A550 = 0.260 +/- 0.046, S.E.M., n = 40). This is probably due to an upregulation of the expression or the activity of the receptors for the advanced glycation end-products. CONCLUSION Based on the results obtained it is concluded that the receptors for nonenzymatically glycated proteins expressed on the surface of lymphoid cells could act also as cell adhesion molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G I Ivanov
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Simpson AE, Jones RB. The effect of an insulin releasing agent, BTS 67582, on advanced glycation end product formation in vitro. Life Sci 1999; 64:1427-34. [PMID: 10321722 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(99)00076-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BTS 67582 (1,1-dimethyl-2-(2-morpholinophenyl) guanidine fumarate) is an insulin-releasing agent currently in phase II clinical trials. Its effect on advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation was measured in the BSA/D-glucose and L-lysine/glucose-6-phosphate assay systems and Amadori product formation was measured in the BSA/D-glucose assay system, following a 3 week incubation period. In the BSA/D-glucose assay system, 200 mM BTS 67582 caused an approximate 70% inhibition in AGE formation (p<0.001), whilst at 20 mM and 2 mM it caused a marginal inhibition (21%, (p<0.001) and 8% respectively). 200 mM and 20 mM aminoguanidine-HCl inhibited AGE formation by 95% and 69% (p<0.001), respectively, whereas 2 mM aminoguanidine-HCl had no significant effect. Tolbutamide (200 microM) and glibenclamide (100 microM) had significant, but only marginal, effects on AGE formation (16% and 17%, respectively, p<0.01). In the BSA/D-glucose assay system 200 mM BTS 67582 and 200 mM aminoguanidine-HCl retarded Amadori product formation by 88% (p<0.001) and 60% (p<0.01), respectively. BTS 67582 at 20 mM and 2 mM was shown to inhibit Amadori product formation by 67% and 57%, respectively, (p<0.01). In the lysine and glucose-6-phosphate assay system 200 mM BTS 67582 and 200 mM aminoguanidine-HCl were shown to inhibit AGE formation by about 70% and 96% (p<0.001), respectively. Tolbutamide (200 microM) and glibenclamide (100 microM) had no significant effect on AGE formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A E Simpson
- Knoll Pharmaceuticals, Biology, Research & Development, Nottingham.
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Bierhaus A, Illmer T, Kasper M, Luther T, Quehenberger P, Tritschler H, Wahl P, Ziegler R, Müller M, Nawroth PP. Advanced glycation end product (AGE)-mediated induction of tissue factor in cultured endothelial cells is dependent on RAGE. Circulation 1997; 96:2262-71. [PMID: 9337199 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.96.7.2262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Binding of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) to the cellular surface receptor (RAGE) induces translocation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB into the nucleus and NF-kappaB-mediated gene expression. This study examines the role of RAGE in the AGE albumin-mediated induction of endothelial tissue factor, known to be partly controlled by NF-kappaB. METHODS AND RESULTS Endothelial cells (ECs) were incubated in the presence of an 18-mer phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide antisense to the 5'-coding sequence of the RAGE gene (antisense RAGE; 0.1 micromol/L). Sense oligonucleotides (sense RAGE, 0.1 micromol/L) of the same region served as control. The cellular uptake of oligonucleotides was controlled by immunofluorescence microscopy. RAGE transcription was suppressed by antisense RAGE, as demonstrated by RT-PCR reactions. AGE albumin-mediated activation of cultured ECs was studied after 48 hours of preincubation of ECs with antisense or sense RAGE. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and Western blot analysis demonstrated that the AGE albumin-induced translocation of NF-kappaB from the cytoplasm into the nucleus was suppressed in the presence of antisense RAGE but not by sense RAGE. In parallel, AGE albumin-mediated tissue factor transcription, activity, and antigen were significantly reduced in ECs exposed to antisense RAGE, whereas sense RAGE (and nonspecific oligonucleotides) did not influence tissue factor expression. CONCLUSIONS Activation of ECs and induction of tissue factor by AGE albumin in ECs is dependent on RAGE.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta
- Cattle
- Cells, Cultured
- Down-Regulation
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/physiology
- Glycation End Products, Advanced/metabolism
- Glycation End Products, Advanced/pharmacology
- Humans
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Oligodeoxyribonucleotides/pharmacology
- Oligonucleotides, Antisense/pharmacology
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products
- Receptors, Immunologic/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Immunologic/physiology
- Serum Albumin, Bovine/metabolism
- Serum Albumin, Bovine/pharmacology
- Thromboplastin/biosynthesis
- Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
- Umbilical Veins
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Bierhaus
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wróbel K, Wróbel K, Garay-Sevilla ME, Nava LE, Malacara JM. Novel analytical approach to monitoring advanced glycosylation end products in human serum with on-line spectrophotometric and spectrofluorometric detection in a flow system. Clin Chem 1997. [DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/43.9.1563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
AbstractWe proposed a simple analytical procedure for measurement of serum advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) based on simultaneous detection of low-molecular-mass peptides and AGEs with a flow system and two detectors connected on-line: spectrophotometric for peptides (λ = 280 nm) and spectrofluorometric for AGEs (λex = 247 nm, λem = 440 nm). Sample pretreatment was carried out in microcentrifuge tubes: Serum (20 μL) was deproteinized with trichloroacetic acid (480 μL, 0.15 mol/L) and lipids were extracted with chloroform (100 μL). Twenty microliters of the filtered aqueous layer was injected to the flow system and the relation between fluorescence and absorption signals was measured. A peptide-derived AGE calibrator was used for calibration. Within-day and between-day CVs were 6.7% and 9.1%, respectively, at an AGE concentration corresponding approximately to that in healthy individuals. Mean results (±SD) in 10 healthy individuals were 10.1% ± 1.0%, in 21 patients with diabetes without complications 18.0% ± 6.2%, in 25 patients with complications 24.1% ± 15.4%, and in 12 diabetic patients in end-stage renal disease 92% ± 30%. Comparison with an ELISA procedure (x, in arbitrary units/L) yields a regression equation y = 0.713x + 1.24 (Sy‖x = 6777, r = 0.8477, n = 41).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazimierz Wróbel
- Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Guanajuato, 36000 Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Katarzyna Wróbel
- Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Guanajuato, 36000 Guanajuato, Mexico
| | | | - Laura Eugenia Nava
- Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Universidad de Guanajuato, 37320 Leon, Mexico
| | - Juan Manuel Malacara
- Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Universidad de Guanajuato, 37320 Leon, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Mayhan WG. Superoxide dismutase partially restores impaired dilatation of the basilar artery during diabetes mellitus. Brain Res 1997; 760:204-9. [PMID: 9237536 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(97)00282-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that administration of superoxide dismutase restores nitric oxide synthase-mediated dilatation of the basilar artery during diabetes mellitus. We measured the diameter of the basilar artery in vivo in nondiabetic and diabetic rats (streptozotocin; 50-60 mg/kg i.p.) in response to nitric oxide synthase-dependent agonists (acetylcholine and bradykinin) and a nitric oxide synthase-independent agonist (nitroglycerin) before and during application of superoxide dismutase. Topical application of acetylcholine (1.0 and 10 microM) and bradykinin (1.0 and 10 microM) produced dose-related dilatation of the basilar artery in nondiabetic and diabetic rats. However, the magnitude of vasodilation produced by acetylcholine and bradykinin was significantly less in diabetic rats. Topical application of nitroglycerin (0.1 and 1.0 microM) produced similar dose-related dilatation of the basilar artery in nondiabetic and diabetic rats. Treatment with superoxide dismutase (150 U/ml) did not alter baseline diameter of the basilar artery in nondiabetic and diabetic rats. However, topical application of superoxide dismutase partially restored nitric oxide synthase-dependent dilatation of the basilar artery in diabetic rats towards that observed in nondiabetic rats. Superoxide dismutase did not alter dilatation of the basilar artery in nondiabetic rats. These findings suggest that impaired nitric oxide synthase-dependent dilatation of the basilar artery during diabetes mellitus may be related, in part, to enhanced release of oxygen-derived free radicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W G Mayhan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha 68198, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mayhan WG, Didion SP, Patel KP. L-Arginine does not restore dilatation of the basilar artery during diabetes mellitus. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1996; 16:500-6. [PMID: 8621755 DOI: 10.1097/00004647-199605000-00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that administration of L-arginine, a substrate for the synthesis of nitric oxide, restores endothelium-dependent dilatation of the basilar artery during diabetes mellitus. We measured the diameter, of the basilar artery in vivo in nondiabetic and diabetic (streptozotocin; 50-60 mg/kg i.p.) rats in response to endothelium-dependent agonists (acetylcholine and bradykinin) and an endothelium-independent agonist (nitroglycerin) before and during application of L-arginine. Topical application of acetylcholine (1.0 and 10 muM) and bradykinin (1.0 and 10 microM) produced dilatation in nondiabetic rats of the basilar artery which was impaired in diabetic rats. Topical application of nitroglycerin (0.1 and 1.0 microM) produced similar dilatation of the basilar artery in nondiabetic and diabetic rats. Topical application of L-arginine (0.1 and 3 mM) did not enhance dilatation of the basilar artery in response to acetylcholine and bradykinin in diabetic rats. Thus, impairment of dilatation of the basilar artery in diabetic rats in response to acetylcholine and bradykinin appears to be related to a mechanism unrelated to the availability of L-arginine for nitric oxide synthase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W G Mayhan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|