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Mahmood T, Choi J, Ryoung Park K. Artificial Intelligence-based Classification of Pollen Grains Using Attention-guided Pollen Features Aggregation Network. JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY - COMPUTER AND INFORMATION SCIENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jksuci.2023.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Bakour M, Laaroussi H, Ousaaid D, El Ghouizi A, Es-Safi I, Mechchate H, Lyoussi B. Bee Bread as a Promising Source of Bioactive Molecules and Functional Properties: An Up-to-Date Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11020203. [PMID: 35203806 PMCID: PMC8868279 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11020203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bee bread is a natural product obtained from the fermentation of bee pollen mixed with bee saliva and flower nectar inside the honeycomb cells of a hive. Bee bread is considered a functional product, having several nutritional virtues and various bioactive molecules with curative or preventive effects. This paper aims to review current knowledge regarding the chemical composition and medicinal properties of bee bread, evaluated in vitro and in vivo, and to highlight the benefits of the diet supplementation of bee bread for human health. Bee bread extracts (distilled water, ethanol, methanol, diethyl ether, and ethyl acetate) have been proven to have antioxidant, antifungal, antibacterial, and antitumoral activities, and they can also inhibit α-amylase and angiotensin I-converting enzyme in vitro. More than 300 compounds have been identified in bee bread from different countries around the world, such as free amino acids, sugars, fatty acids, minerals, organic acids, polyphenols, and vitamins. In vivo studies have revealed the efficiency of bee bread in relieving several pathological cases, such as hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryem Bakour
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah, Fez 30000, Morocco; (M.B.); (H.L.); (D.O.); (A.E.G.); (B.L.)
| | - Hassan Laaroussi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah, Fez 30000, Morocco; (M.B.); (H.L.); (D.O.); (A.E.G.); (B.L.)
| | - Driss Ousaaid
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah, Fez 30000, Morocco; (M.B.); (H.L.); (D.O.); (A.E.G.); (B.L.)
| | - Asmae El Ghouizi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah, Fez 30000, Morocco; (M.B.); (H.L.); (D.O.); (A.E.G.); (B.L.)
| | - Imane Es-Safi
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Hamza Mechchate
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Badiaa Lyoussi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah, Fez 30000, Morocco; (M.B.); (H.L.); (D.O.); (A.E.G.); (B.L.)
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Khanzhina N, Filchenkov A, Minaeva N, Novoselova L, Petukhov M, Kharisova I, Pinaeva J, Zamorin G, Putin E, Zamyatina E, Shalyto A. Combating data incompetence in pollen images detection and classification for pollinosis prevention. Comput Biol Med 2022; 140:105064. [PMID: 34861642 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.105064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Automatic pollen images recognition is crucial for pollinosis symptoms prevention and treatment. The problem of pollen recognition can be efficiently solved using deep learning, however neural networks require tens of thousands of images to generalize. At the same time, the existing open pollen images datasets are very small. In this paper, we present a novel open pollen dataset annotated for both detection and classification tasks. Based on our dataset we study learning from a small data using different state-of-the-art approaches. For the detection task we propose to use our new Bayesian RetinaNet network, which models aleatoric uncertainty. We compare it with the baseline RetinaNet and demonstrate that our model allows for higher detection precision. For the classification task we compare the impact of pre-training on the synthetic images from generative adversarial networks (GANs) and metric-based few-shot learning. Namely, we pre-trained our small convolutional neural network and Siamese neural network classifiers on synthetic pollen images generated by two GANs: StyleGAN and Self-attention GAN. The best classifier is the convolutional neural network pre-trained on StyleGAN images. Our best models achieved 96.3% of mean average precision for the detection task and 97.7% of F1 measure for the classification task on 13 pollen plant species. We have implemented the best models in our pollen recognition web service, which is available for palynologists on request.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Khanzhina
- Machine Learning Lab, ITMO University, 49 Kronverksky Pr., Saint Petersburg, 197 101, Russia.
| | - Andrey Filchenkov
- Machine Learning Lab, ITMO University, 49 Kronverksky Pr., Saint Petersburg, 197 101, Russia
| | - Natalia Minaeva
- Perm State Medical University, 26 Petropavlovskaya St., Perm, 614 000, Russia
| | - Larisa Novoselova
- Perm State National Research University, 15 Bukireva St., Perm, 614 990, Russia
| | - Maxim Petukhov
- Machine Learning Lab, ITMO University, 49 Kronverksky Pr., Saint Petersburg, 197 101, Russia
| | - Irina Kharisova
- Perm State National Research University, 15 Bukireva St., Perm, 614 990, Russia
| | - Julia Pinaeva
- Perm State National Research University, 15 Bukireva St., Perm, 614 990, Russia
| | - Georgiy Zamorin
- Perm State National Research University, 15 Bukireva St., Perm, 614 990, Russia
| | - Evgeny Putin
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd, Pak Shek Kok, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Elena Zamyatina
- Perm State National Research University, 15 Bukireva St., Perm, 614 990, Russia; National Research University "Higher School of Economics", Faculty of Economics, Management, and Business Informatics, 38 Studencheskaya St., 614 070, Perm, Russia
| | - Anatoly Shalyto
- Machine Learning Lab, ITMO University, 49 Kronverksky Pr., Saint Petersburg, 197 101, Russia
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Pospiech M, Javůrková Z, Hrabec P, Štarha P, Ljasovská S, Bednář J, Tremlová B. Identification of pollen taxa by different microscopy techniques. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256808. [PMID: 34469471 PMCID: PMC8409677 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Melissopalynology is an important analytical method to identify botanical origin of honey. Pollen grain recognition is commonly performed by visual inspection by a trained person. An alternative method for visual inspection is automated pollen analysis based on the image analysis technique. Image analysis transfers visual information to mathematical descriptions. In this work, the suitability of three microscopic techniques for automatic analysis of pollen grains was studied. 2D and 3D morphological characteristics, textural and colour features, and extended depth of focus characteristics were used for the pollen discrimination. In this study, 7 botanical taxa and a total of 2482 pollen grains were evaluated. The highest correct classification rate of 93.05% was achieved using the phase contrast microscopy, followed by the dark field microscopy reaching 91.02%, and finally by the light field microscopy reaching 88.88%. The most significant discriminant characteristics were morphological (2D and 3D) and colour characteristics. Our results confirm the potential of using automatic pollen analysis to discriminate pollen taxa in honey. This work provides the basis for further research where the taxa dataset will be increased, and new descriptors will be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matej Pospiech
- Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, Department of Plant Origin Food Sciences, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeňka Javůrková
- Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, Department of Plant Origin Food Sciences, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
| | - Pavel Hrabec
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Statistics and Optimization, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Štarha
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Computer Graphics and Geometry, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Simona Ljasovská
- Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, Department of Plant Origin Food Sciences, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Bednář
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Statistics and Optimization, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Bohuslava Tremlová
- Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, Department of Plant Origin Food Sciences, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
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Spectroscopic Discrimination of Bee Pollen by Composition, Color, and Botanical Origin. Foods 2021; 10:foods10081682. [PMID: 34441459 PMCID: PMC8394765 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bee pollen samples were discriminated using vibrational spectroscopic methods by connecting with botanical sources, composition, and color. SEM and light microscope images of bee pollen loads were obtained and used to assess the botanical origin. Fourier transform (FT) mid- and near-infrared (FT-MIR, FT-NIR), and FT-Raman spectra of bee pollen samples (a set of randomly chosen loads can be defined as an independent sample) were measured and processed by principal component analysis (PCA). The CIE L*a*b* color space parameters were calculated from the image analysis. FT-MIR, FT-NIR, and FT-Raman spectra showed marked sensitivity to bee pollen composition. In addition, FT-Raman spectra indicated plant pigments as chemical markers of botanical origin. Furthermore, the fractionation of bee pollen was also performed, and composition of the fractions was characterized as well. The combination of imaging, spectroscopic, and statistical methods is a potent tool for bee pollen discrimination and thus may evaluate the quality and composition of this bee-keeping product.
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Sevillano V, Aznarte JL. Improving classification of pollen grain images of the POLEN23E dataset through three different applications of deep learning convolutional neural networks. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201807. [PMID: 30216353 PMCID: PMC6138340 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In palynology, the visual classification of pollen grains from different species is a hard task which is usually tackled by human operators using microscopes. Its complete automatization would save a high quantity of resources and provide valuable improvements especially for allergy-related information systems, but also for other application fields as paleoclimate reconstruction, quality control of honey based products, collection of evidences in criminal investigations or fabric dating and tracking. This paper presents three state-of-the-art deep learning classification methods applied to the recently published POLEN23E image dataset. The three methods make use of convolutional neural networks: the first one is strictly based on the idea of transfer learning, the second one is based on feature extraction and the third one represents a hybrid approach, combining transfer learning and feature extraction. The results from the three methods are indeed very good, reaching over 97% correct classification rates in images not previously seen by the models, where other authors reported around 70.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Sevillano
- Technical Superior School of Computer Engineering, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia – UNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - José L. Aznarte
- Artificial Intelligence Department, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia – UNED, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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del Pozo-Baños M, Ticay-Rivas JR, Alonso JB, Travieso CM. Features extraction techniques for pollen grain classification. Neurocomputing 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neucom.2014.05.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Marcos JV, Nava R, Cristóbal G, Redondo R, Escalante-Ramírez B, Bueno G, Déniz Ó, González-Porto A, Pardo C, Chung F, Rodríguez T. Automated pollen identification using microscopic imaging and texture analysis. Micron 2015; 68:36-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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