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Liu J, Du YQ, Li CJ, Li L, Chen FY, Yang JZ, Chen NH, Zhang DM. Alkaloids from the stems of Clausena lansium and their neuroprotective activity. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra06753d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Eight new alkaloid derivatives (1–5), including three pairs of enantiomers, were obtained from Clausena lansium, and showed moderate neuroprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100050
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Qian Du
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100050
- People's Republic of China
| | - Chuang-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100050
- People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100050
- People's Republic of China
| | - Fang-You Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100050
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Zhi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100050
- People's Republic of China
| | - Nai-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100050
- People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100050
- People's Republic of China
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Lúcio ASSC, Almeida JRGDS, da-Cunha EVL, Tavares JF, Barbosa Filho JM. Alkaloids of the Annonaceae: Occurrence and a Compilation of Their Biological Activities. THE ALKALOIDS: CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2015; 74:233-409. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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Zhang DB, Yang ZD, Xue PH, Zhi KK, Shi Y, Wang MG. Two new cyclic dipeptides from Rhinocladiella sp. lgt-3, a fungal endophyte isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. Nat Prod Res 2014; 28:1760-4. [PMID: 25115794 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.945176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Two new cyclic dipeptides, rhinocladin A (1) and rhinocladin B (2), were isolated from a fungal endophyte (Rhinocladiella sp. lgt-3) of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. Their structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectra. The monoamine oxidase inhibitory activity of 1 and 2 was also evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Bo Zhang
- a School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology , Lanzhou , 730050 , P.R. China
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Malebo HM, Jonker SA, Waibel R, Nkunya MHH. Diprenylated Indole Alkaloids from Fruits of Hexalobus monopetalus. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2014; 4:101-105. [PMID: 24859178 PMCID: PMC4004831 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-014-0010-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
New hexalobine type alkaloid, 5-(2″,3″-epoxy-3″-methylbutyl)-3-(3'-hydroxy-3'-methyl-1'-acetyloxy-but-2'-yl)indole (1) alongside the known hexalobines 3-(2',3'-dihydroxy-3'-methylbutyl)-5-(3″-methylcrotonoyl) indole (2), 3,5-hexalobine C (3) and 3,5-hexalobine D (4) were isolated from fruits of Hexalobus monopetalus. Compounds 3 and 4 exhibited antifungal activity against Candida albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamisi M. Malebo
- Department of Traditional Medicine Research, National Institute for Medical Research, P.O. Box 9653, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Stephan A. Jonker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35061, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Reiner Waibel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Erlangen, Schuhstrasse 19, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mayunga H. H. Nkunya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35061, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
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Satou R, Izumikawa M, Katsuyama Y, Matsui M, Takagi M, Shin-ya K, Ohnishi Y. Isolation, structural elucidation and biosynthesis of 3-hydroxy-6-dimethylallylindolin-2-one, a novel prenylated indole derivative from Actinoplanes missouriensis. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2013; 67:231-6. [DOI: 10.1038/ja.2013.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Yu X, Liu Y, Xie X, Zheng XD, Li SM. Biochemical characterization of indole prenyltransferases: filling the last gap of prenylation positions by a 5-dimethylallyltryptophan synthase from Aspergillus clavatus. J Biol Chem 2011; 287:1371-80. [PMID: 22123822 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.317982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The putative prenyltransferase gene ACLA_031240 belonging to the dimethylallyltryptophan synthase superfamily was identified in the genome sequence of Aspergillus clavatus and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The soluble His-tagged protein EAW08391 was purified to near homogeneity and used for biochemical investigation with diverse aromatic substrates in the presence of different prenyl diphosphates. It has shown that in the presence of dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP), the recombinant enzyme accepted very well simple indole derivatives with L-tryptophan as the best substrate. Product formation was also observed for tryptophan-containing cyclic dipeptides but with much lower conversion yields. In contrast, no product formation was detected in the reaction mixtures of L-tryptophan with geranyl or farnesyl diphosphate. Structure elucidation of the enzyme products by NMR and MS analyses proved unequivocally the highly regiospecific regular prenylation at C-5 of the indole nucleus of the simple indole derivatives. EAW08391 was therefore termed 5-dimethylallyltryptophan synthase, and it filled the last gap in the toolbox of indole prenyltransferases regarding their prenylation positions. K(m) values of 5-dimethylallyltryptophan synthase were determined for L-tryptophan and DMAPP at 34 and 76 μM, respectively. Average turnover number (k(cat)) at 1.1 s(-1) was calculated from kinetic data of L-tryptophan and DMAPP. Catalytic efficiencies of 5-dimethylallyltryptophan synthase for L-tryptophan at 25,588 s(-1)·M(-1) and for other 11 simple indole derivatives up to 1538 s(-1)·M(-1) provided evidence for its potential usage as a catalyst for chemoenzymatic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Yu
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Deutschhausstrasse 17A, 35037 Marburg, Germany
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Masi S, Gustafsson E, Saint Jalme M, Narat V, Todd A, Bomsel MC, Krief S. Unusual feeding behavior in wild great apes, a window to understand origins of self-medication in humans: role of sociality and physiology on learning process. Physiol Behav 2011; 105:337-49. [PMID: 21888922 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Revised: 08/04/2011] [Accepted: 08/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Certain toxic plants are beneficial for health if small amounts are ingested infrequently and in a specific context of illness. Among our closest living relatives, chimpanzees are found to consume plants with pharmacological properties. Providing insight on the origins of human self-medication, this study investigates the role social systems and physiology (namely gut specialization) play on learning mechanisms involved in the consumption of unusual and potentially bioactive foods by two great ape species. We collected data from a community of 41-44 wild chimpanzees in Uganda (11 months, 2008), and a group of 11-13 wild western gorillas in Central African Republic (10 months, 2008-2009). During feeding, we recorded food consumed, its availability, and social interactions (including observers watching conspecifics and the observers' subsequent activity). Unusual food consumption in chimpanzees was twice higher than in gorillas. Additionally chimpanzees relied more on social information with vertical knowledge transmission on unusual foods by continually acquiring information during their life through mostly observing the fittest (pre-senescent) adults. In contrast, in gorillas observational learning primarily occurred between related immatures, showing instead the importance of horizontal knowledge transmission. As chimpanzees' guts are physiologically less specialized than gorillas (more capable of detoxifying harmful compounds), unusual-food consumption may be more risky for chimpanzees and linked to reasons other than nutrition (like self-medication). Our results show that differences in sociality and physiology between the two species may influence mechanisms that discriminate between plants for nutrition and plants with potential therapeutic dietary components. We conclude that self-medication may have appeared in our ancestors in association with high social tolerance and lack of herbivorous gut specialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelly Masi
- Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Département Hommes, Natures, Sociétés UMR 7206 Éco-anthropologie et Ethnobiologie, CP 135, 43 rue Buffon, 75 005 Paris, France.
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8
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Biochemical characterization of a novel indole prenyltransferase from Streptomyces sp. SN-593. J Bacteriol 2010; 192:2839-51. [PMID: 20348259 DOI: 10.1128/jb.01557-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome sequencing of Streptomyces species has highlighted numerous potential genes of secondary metabolite biosynthesis. The mining of cryptic genes is important for exploring chemical diversity. Here we report the metabolite-guided genome mining and functional characterization of a cryptic gene by biochemical studies. Based on systematic purification of metabolites from Streptomyces sp. SN-593, we isolated a novel compound, 6-dimethylallylindole (DMAI)-3-carbaldehyde. Although many 6-DMAI compounds have been isolated from a variety of organisms, an enzyme catalyzing the transfer of a dimethylallyl group to the C-6 indole ring has not been reported so far. A homology search using known prenyltransferase sequences against the draft sequence of the Streptomyces sp. SN-593 genome revealed the iptA gene. The IptA protein showed 27% amino acid identity to cyanobacterial LtxC, which catalyzes the transfer of a geranyl group to (-)-indolactam V. A BLAST search against IptA revealed much-more-similar homologs at the amino acid level than LtxC, namely, SAML0654 (60%) from Streptomyces ambofaciens ATCC 23877 and SCO7467 (58%) from S. coelicolor A3(2). Phylogenetic analysis showed that IptA was distinct from bacterial aromatic prenyltransferases and fungal indole prenyltransferases. Detailed kinetic analyses of IptA showed the highest catalytic efficiency (6.13 min(-1) microM(-1)) for L-Trp in the presence of dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP), suggesting that the enzyme is a 6-dimethylallyl-L-Trp synthase (6-DMATS). Substrate specificity analyses of IptA revealed promiscuity for indole derivatives, and its reaction products were identified as novel 6-DMAI compounds. Moreover, DeltaiptA mutants abolished the production of 6-DMAI-3-carbaldehyde as well as 6-dimethylallyl-L-Trp, suggesting that the iptA gene is involved in the production of 6-DMAI-3-carbaldehyde.
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Abstract
6-(3-Methyl-but-2-enyl)-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one, annonidine F [3-[6-(3-methyl-but-2-enyl)-1H-indolyl]-6-(3-methyl-but-2-enyl)-1H-indole], 1H-indole-5-carbaldehyde, 6-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-1H-indole, 6-(3-methyl-buta-1,3-dienyl)-1H-indole, 6-(4-oxo-but-2-enyl)-1H-indole and 3-geranylindole were isolated from Monodora angolensis (Annonaceae) while 3-(1,1-dimethyl-but-2-enyl)-5-(3-methyl-but-2-enyl)-1H-indole (caulidine A), 4-[3-(1,1-dimethyl-but-2-enyl)-1H-indol-5-yl]-but-3-en-2-one (caulidine B), 5-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-1H-indole and 5-(3-methylbuta-1,3-dienyl)-1H-indole were obtained from Isolona cauliflora (Annonaceae); structural determination by spectroscopic analysis. Some of the prenylindoles had antifungal and antimalarial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayunga H H Nkunya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Dar es Salaam, PO Box 35061, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
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Abstract
The recent media hype over school shootings has led to demands for methods of identifying school shooters before they act. Despite the fact that schools remain one of the safest places for youths to be, schools are beginning to adopt identification systems to determine which students could be future killers. The methods used to accomplish this not only are unproven but are inherently limited in usefulness and often do more harm than good for both the children and the school setting. The authors' goals in the present article are to place school shootings in perspective relative to other risks of violence that children face and to provide a reasonable and scientifically defensible approach to improving the safety of schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- E P Mulvey
- Law and Psychiatry Program, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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Lengua LJ, Sadowski CA, Friedrich WN, Fisher J. Rationally and empirically derived dimensions of children's symptomatology: Expert ratings and confirmatory factor analyses of the CBCL. J Consult Clin Psychol 2001. [DOI: 10.1037/0022-006x.69.4.683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Nkunya MHH, Jonker SA, Mdee LK, Waibel R, Achenbach H. New Diprenylated Indoles fromAsteranthe Asterias(Annonaceae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1080/10575639608043581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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