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Wang YJ, Chen X, Yin Y, Zhou W, Zhou PF, Zeng LG, Hu CH, Yin GP. Hedscandines A-C, three undescribed indole alkaloids from Hedyotis scandens with their anti-MRSA activity. Phytochemistry 2024; 219:113988. [PMID: 38224846 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.113988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Hedscandines A-C (1-3), three undescribed indole alkaloids were isolated from Hedyotis scandens Roxb, a traditional Chinese medicine widely used in the treatment of respiratory ailments. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic data and electronic circular dichroism calculation. Hedscandine A (1), possessed a unique carbon skeleton with a 1,4-oxazonin-2(3H)-one core system and displayed a rapid bactericidal activity against MRSA with a MIC value of 16 μg/mL. Mechanistic studies showed that compound 1 could disrupt the integrity of bacterial cell membranes and thus lead to bacterial death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jun Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development and Utilization (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development and Utilization (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development and Utilization (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Pei-Fu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Guizhou Ethnic Medicine Resource Development and Utilization, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, School of Chinese Ethnic Medicine, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Ling-Gao Zeng
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Monitoring of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances, Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing, 401121, China
| | - Chang-Hua Hu
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development and Utilization (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Guo-Ping Yin
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development and Utilization (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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Huang Z, Wu D, Liu X, Liu Q, Han X, Wang W, Yang X. Indole alkaloids from endophytic fungus Robillarda sessilis and their antibacterial activity. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38299875 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2297853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Three undescribed indole alkaloids, fusarindoles F and G (1 and 2), and chlamydosporin B (3), together with five known compounds (4-8) were isolated from Robillarda sessilis. Their structures were elucidated based on NMR, UV, HRESIMS, and ECD calculation. Fusarindole F (1) own unusual asymmetric bis-indole structure. Compounds 5, 6, 7 exhibited moderate antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with a MIC value of 12.5 μg/mL. According to molecular docking experiment, the target proteins of compound 7 against methicillin-resistant S. aureus may be ELANE, MAOB and STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zediao Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Di Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Xueqiong Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Qingpei Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaole Han
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education & Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, P.R. China
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Torres-Rêgo M, Nogueira PCDN, Santos SPDD, Daniele-Silva A, Cavalcanti FF, Oliveira CIFBD, Rocha HAO, Fernandes-Pedrosa MDF, Silveira ER, Araújo RM. Isolation of indole alkaloids and a new norneolignan of hydroethanol extract from the stem barks of Aspidosperma nitidum Benth: Preclinical evaluation of safety and anti-inflammatory and healing properties. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 319:117076. [PMID: 37619858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Aspidosperma nitidum Benth (Apocynaceae) is a tree found in Brazil especially in the Amazonia region, known as "carapanaúba", being used by indigenous and cabloco population in folk medicine in the treatment of malaria, leprosy, rheumatism, cancer, diabetes and inflammatory disorders. However, there are no scientific reports, up to now, to evidence its popular use as anti-inflammatory and healing agent. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to isolate indole alkaloids, as well as investigate the safety, anti-inflammatory and healing properties of hydroethanol extract from the stem barks of Aspidosperma nitidum Benth (An). MATERIAL AND METHODS The compounds were isolated using diverse chromatographic methodologies and the structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic analyses. The safety was evaluated in vitro through 3-methyl-[4-5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay using murine fibroblast (3T3) and monkey kidney (Vero E6) cell lines and by the hemolytic assay, as well as, in vivo, through acute toxicity model, which the mice received a single dose of 2000 mg/kg of An, by intra-gastric (i.g.) route, and behavioral, hematological and biochemical parameters were evaluated. The anti-edematogenic effect was monitored through carrageenan-induced paw edema model, in which the rodents were treated with 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg of An by i. g., the percentage of edema (0-4 h), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β) levels were quantified. The anti-inflammatory activity was demonstrated through the zymosan-air-pouch model, in which the animals were treated with 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg of An by i. g, and the leukocytes number, MPO, total protein and cytokines levels were determined. In addition, the healing potential was evaluated through a skin wound model, in which the mice received 50, 100 and 200 mg/mL of An in wound area, and the wound skins were photographed and the area calculated. RESULTS In total, five compounds were isolated in the An, being a new 8,9-dinorneolignan glucoside and four known indole alkaloids. The MTT and hemolytic assays, in all concentrations of the extract, demonstrated not be cytotoxic. Acute toxicity model also evidenced no sign of toxicity or significant changes on the behavior, biochemical and hematological parameters after use of the extract. In the edematogenic model, the An reduced significantly the percentage of edema, as well as, the MPO and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels. The same form, An revealed to be efficient in decreasing the leukocytes migration (mainly polymorphonuclears), total proteins, MPO and cytokines concentrations in the zymosan-air-pouch assay. Moreover, the An revealed a healing effect, reducing the area of the skin wound. CONCLUSION Ours results evidence in the first time, the anti-inflammatory and healing property of An, justifying its use in traditional medicine. Moreover, include cytotoxicity in vitro and acute toxicity in vivo tests, which indicate the safety of use of the extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoela Torres-Rêgo
- Graduate Program of Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Senador Salgado Filho Avenue, 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal, 59072-970, Brazil; Laboratory of Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (Tecbiofar), College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias Street, S/N, Petrópolis, Natal, 59012-570, Brazil.
| | - Patrícia Coelho do Nascimento Nogueira
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Humberto Monte Street, S/N, Campus Pici, Pici, Fortaleza, 60021-970, Brazil.
| | - Sarah Pollyana Dias Dos Santos
- Graduate Program of Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Senador Salgado Filho Avenue, 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal, 59072-970, Brazil.
| | - Alessandra Daniele-Silva
- Laboratory of Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (Tecbiofar), College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias Street, S/N, Petrópolis, Natal, 59012-570, Brazil.
| | - Felipe França Cavalcanti
- Graduate Program of Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Senador Salgado Filho Avenue, 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal, 59072-970, Brazil; Laboratory of Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (Tecbiofar), College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias Street, S/N, Petrópolis, Natal, 59012-570, Brazil.
| | | | - Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Biopolymers, Department of Biochemistry, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Senador Salgado Filho Avenue, 3000, Lagoa Nova, 59072-970, Natal, Brazil.
| | - Matheus de Freitas Fernandes-Pedrosa
- Laboratory of Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (Tecbiofar), College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias Street, S/N, Petrópolis, Natal, 59012-570, Brazil.
| | - Edilberto Rocha Silveira
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Humberto Monte Street, S/N, Campus Pici, Pici, Fortaleza, 60021-970, Brazil.
| | - Renata Mendonça Araújo
- Graduate Program of Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Senador Salgado Filho Avenue, 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal, 59072-970, Brazil.
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Hu BY, Zhao YL, He YJ, Qin Y, Luo XD. Undescribed indole lactones from Alstonia scholaris protecting hepatic cell damage. Phytochemistry 2024; 217:113926. [PMID: 37981062 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Six previously undescribed rigidly monoterpenoid indole alkaloids, alstolactines F-K (1-6), were isolated from Alstonia scholaris. Among them, a pair of cage-like epimers, 1 and 2, featuring a rare 6/5/6/6/7 ring system, represent the first example of C5→C20-olide, while compound 3 possesses unique degraded C18 and C19. The structures of the isolates were established by multiple spectroscopic analyses, quantum computational chemistry methods, and X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, the expression levels of proteins including NLRP3, TLR4, P-p65, NF-ĸB, Notch-2, IL-18, P-p38, and p38 in LPS-induced human normal hepatocyte (LO2) cells could be significantly downregulated by compounds 1-6, which showed potent anti-inflammatory bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Yuan Hu
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650501, PR China
| | - Yun-Li Zhao
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650501, PR China
| | - Ying-Jie He
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650501, PR China
| | - Yan Qin
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650501, PR China
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650501, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming, 650201, PR China.
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Jiang HB, Shao SY, Wei YZ, Lin MB, Li S. Phenolic glycosides and indole alkaloids isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Clematis chinensis and their anti-inflammatory activity. Phytochemistry 2023; 215:113832. [PMID: 37598991 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Six undescribed compounds, including three phenolic glycosides (1-3) and three indole alkaloids (4-6), together with ten known alkaloids (7-16) and three known phenolic glycosides (17-19), were isolated from 70% EtOH aqueous extracts of the roots and rhizomes of Clematis chinensis Osbeck. The structures were elucidated by NMR, HRESIMS and X-ray diffraction spectroscopies. The anti-inflammatory activity of these compounds was evaluated, and twelve compounds showed significant inhibitory activity against TNF-α with an inhibition ratio from 47.87% to 94.70% at a dose of 10 μM. Compound 7 exhibited significant inhibitory activity against TNF-α and IL-6 with IC50 values of 3.99 μM and 2.24 μM, respectively. Compound 8 displayed potent anti-inflammatory activity against mouse ear edema induced by croton oil. A mechanistic study suggested that compounds 7 and 8 decreased the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway to reduce the secretion of inflammatory factors in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Bing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Yuan Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Zi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Bao Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.
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Islam F, Dehbia Z, Zehravi M, Das R, Sivakumar M, Krishnan K, Billah AAM, Bose B, Ghosh A, Paul S, Nainu F, Ahmad I, Emran TB. Indole alkaloids from marine resources: Understandings from therapeutic point of view to treat cancers. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 383:110682. [PMID: 37648047 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of mortality all over the world. Scientific investigation has demonstrated that disruptions in the process of autophagy are frequently interrelated with the emergence of cancer. Hence, scientists are seeking permanent solutions to counter the deadly disease. Indole alkaloids have been extensively studied and are acknowledged to exhibit several bioactivities. The current state of disease necessitates novel pharmacophores development. In recent decades, indole alkaloids have become increasingly significant in cancer treatment and are also used as adjuvants. A substantial amount of pharmacologically active molecules come from indole alkaloids, which are widely distributed in nature. Indole alkaloids derived from marine organisms show immense potential for therapeutic applications and seem highly effective in cancer treatment. A couple of experiments have been conducted preclinically to investigate the possibility of indole alkaloids in cancer treatment. Marine-derived indole alkaloids possess the ability to exhibit anticancer properties through diverse antiproliferative mechanisms. Certain indole alkaloids, including vincristine and vinblastine, were verified in clinical trials or are presently undergoing clinical assessments for preventing and treating cancer. Indole alkaloids from marine resources hold a significant functionality in identifying new antitumor agents. The current literature highlights recent advancements in indole alkaloids that appear to be anticancer agents and the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahadul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Zerrouki Dehbia
- Laboratory of Agro - Biotechnology and Nutrition in Semi-Arid Zones, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Ibn Khaldoun, Tiaret, Algeria
| | - Mehrukh Zehravi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Girls Section, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajib Das
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - M Sivakumar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital BIHER (DU), Chromepet, Chennai, 600044, India
| | - Karthickeyan Krishnan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Pallavaram, Chennai, 600117, India
| | - Abdul Ajeed Mohathasim Billah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Pharmacy, SRIHER (DU), Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bharadhan Bose
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Karpagam College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Avoy Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Shyamjit Paul
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Firzan Nainu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia
| | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School & Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
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Guo R, Shang JH, Ye RH, Zhao YL, Luo XD. Pharmacological investigation of indole alkaloids from Alstonia scholaris against chronic glomerulonephritis. Phytomedicine 2023; 118:154958. [PMID: 37453192 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As one of the most commonly used folk medicines in "Dai" ethno-medicine system, Alstonia scholaris (l.) R. Br. has also been used for treat "water related diseases", such as chronic kidney disease. However, few study was reported for it on the intervention of chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN). PURPOSE To investigate the effect and potential mechanism of indole alkaloids from A. scholaris leaves in ICR mice with adriamycin nephropathy, as well as providing experimental evidence for the further application. METHODS ICR Mice were selected for injections of adriamycin (ADR) to induce the CGN model and administered total alkaloids (TA) and four main alkaloids continuously for 42 and 28 days, respectively. The pharmacological effects were indicated by serum, urine, and renal pathological observations. The targets and pathways of indole alkaloids on CGN intervention were predicted using the network pharmacology approach, and the immortalized mice glomerular podocyte (MPC5) cells model stimulated by ADR was subsequently selected to further verify this by western blotting and RT-qPCR methods. RESULTS TA and four major compounds dramatically reduced the levels of urinary protein, serum urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine (CRE) in ADR - induced CGN mice, while increasing serum albumin (ALB) and total protein (TP) levels as well as ameliorating kidney damage. Moreover, four alkaloids effected on 33 major target proteins and 153 pathways in the CGN, among which, PI3K-Akt as the main pathway, an important pathway for kidney protection by network pharmacology prediction, and then the four target proteins - HRAS, CDK2, HSP90AA1, and KDR were screened. As a result, Val-and Epi can exert a protective effect on ADR-stimulated MPC5 cells injury at a concentration of 50 μM. Furthermore, the proteins and RNA expression of HRAS, HSP90AA1, and KDR were down-regulated, and CDK2 was up-regulated after the intervention of Val-and Epi, which were supported by Western blotting and RT-qPCR. Additionally, Val-and Epi inhibited ROS production in the MPC5 cells model. CONCLUSION This study is the first to confirm the potential therapeutic effect of alkaloids from A. scholaris on CGN. TA with major bioactive components (vallesamine and 19‑epi-scholaricine) could exert protective effects against the ADR-induced CGN by regulating four key proteins: HRAS, CDK2, HSP90AA1, and KDR of the PI3K-Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, PR China; Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Jian-Hua Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650201, PR China
| | - Rui-Han Ye
- Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Yun-Li Zhao
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650201, PR China.
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Rao QR, Rao JB, Zhao M. Chemical diversity and biological activities of specialized metabolites from the genus Chaetomium: 2013-2022. Phytochemistry 2023; 210:113653. [PMID: 36972807 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Chaetomium (Chaetomiaceae), a large fungal genus consisting of at least 400 species, has been acknowledged as a promising resource for the exploration of novel compounds with potential bioactivities. Over the past decades, emerging chemical and biological investigations have suggested the structural diversity and extensive potent bioactivity of the specialized metabolites in the Chaetomium species. To date, over 500 compounds with diverse chemical types have been isolated and identified from this genus, including azaphilones, cytochalasans, pyrones, alkaloids, diketopiperazines, anthraquinones, polyketides, and steroids. Biological research has indicated that these compounds possess a broad range of bioactivities, including antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory, phytotoxic, and plant growth inhibitory activities. This paper summarizes current knowledge referring to the chemical structure, biological activity, and pharmacologic potency of the specialized metabolites in the Chaetomium species from 2013 to 2022, which might provide insights for the exploration and utilization of bioactive compounds in this genus both in the scientific field and pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Ru Rao
- Laboratory of Metabolomics and Drug-Induced Liver Injury, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China; Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Bo Rao
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhao
- Laboratory of Metabolomics and Drug-Induced Liver Injury, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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Song J, Zhang B, Li M, Zhang J. The current scenario of naturally occurring indole alkaloids with anticancer potential. Fitoterapia 2023; 165:105430. [PMID: 36634875 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Naturally occurring indole alkaloids are ubiquitously present in nature and possess extensive biological properties and structural diversity. Mechanistically, naturally occurring indole alkaloids have the potential to inhibit cancer cell proliferation, arrest cell cycle and induce apoptosis. Accordingly, naturally occurring indole alkaloids exhibit promising activity against both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant cancers including multidrug-resistant forms. Therefore, naturally occurring indole alkaloids constitute an important source of anticancer drug leads and candidates. The goal of this review is to highlight the current scenario of naturally occurring indole alkaloids with anticancer potential, covering articles published from 2018 to present. The names, sources, and antiproliferative activity are discussed to continuously open up a map for the remarkable exploration of more effective candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntao Song
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Zibo 148 Hospital, Zibo 255300, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Emergency Department, People's Hospital of Zhoucun District, Zibo 255300, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, People's Hospital of Zhoucun District, Zibo 255300, China
| | - Jinbiao Zhang
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Zibo 148 Hospital, Zibo 255300, China.
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Sim DSY, Tang SY, Low YY, Lim SH, Kam TS. Vobasine, vincamine, voaphylline, tacaman, and iboga alkaloids from Tabernaemontana corymbosa. Phytochemistry 2022; 203:113384. [PMID: 36007666 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Thirteen indole alkaloids comprising six vobasine/sarpagine, one vincamine, two voaphylline, two tacaman, one iboga, and one corynantheine alkaloid, were isolated from the leaf extract of Tabernaemontana corymbosa (sample from Taiping, Perak, Malaysia). The structures of these alkaloids were determined based on analysis of the spectroscopic data (NMR and MS), and in the case of vincarudine, the absolute configuration was established by ECD and X-ray diffraction analysis. Vobasidine E represents the first vobasine-type alkaloid characterized by a contracted ring C and loss of the ethylidene/ethyl side chain. A possible biogenetic pathway from a perivine precursor, which was also present in the leaf extract, is presented. Differences in the new alkaloid content between the present and previous sample of the same plant (occurring in a different location) are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn Su-Yin Sim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Sin-Yee Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Yun-Yee Low
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Siew-Huah Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Toh-Seok Kam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.
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11
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Dey A, Roy D, Mohture VM, Ghorai M, Rahman MH, Anand U, Dewanjee S, Radha, Kumar M, Prasanth DA, Jha NK, Jha SK, Shekhawat MS, Pandey DK. Biotechnological interventions and indole alkaloid production in Rauvolfia serpentina. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:4867-4883. [PMID: 35819514 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12040-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Rauvolfia serpentina (L). Benth. ex Kurz. (Apocynaceae), commonly known as Sarpagandha or Indian snakeroot, has long been used in the traditional treatment of snakebites, hypertension, and mental illness. The plant is known to produce an array of indole alkaloids such as reserpine, ajmaline, amalicine, etc. which show immense pharmacological and biomedical significance. However, owing to its poor seed viability, lesser germination rate and overexploitation for several decades for its commercially important bioactive constituents, the plant has become endangered in its natural habitat. The present review comprehensively encompasses the various biotechnological tools employed in this endangered Ayurvedic plant for its in vitro propagation, role of plant growth regulators and additives in direct and indirect regeneration, somatic embryogenesis and synthetic seed production, secondary metabolite production in vitro, and assessment of clonal fidelity using molecular markers and genetic transformation. In addition, elicitation and other methods of optimization of its indole-alkaloids are also described herewith. KEY POINTS: • Latest literature on in vitro propagation of Rauvolfia serpentina • Biotechnological production and optimization of indole alkaloids • Clonal fidelity and transgenic studies in R. serpentina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India.
| | - Debleena Roy
- PG Department of Botany, Lady Brabourne College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Vikas Moreshwar Mohture
- Department of Botany, Rashtrapita Mahatma Gandhi Arts and Science College, Nagbhid, Maharashtra, India, 441205
| | - Mimosa Ghorai
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Md Habibur Rahman
- Department of Global Medical Science, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Gangwon-do, Wonju, 26426, Korea
| | - Uttpal Anand
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Radha
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR - Central Institute for Research On Cotton Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India
| | - Dorairaj Arvind Prasanth
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biosciences, Periyar University, Salem, 636011, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, India.,Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Mahipal S Shekhawat
- Plant Biotechnology Unit, Kanchi Mamunivar Government Institute for Postgraduate Studies and Research, Puducherry, 605 008, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology and Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
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12
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Mohseni M, Bahrami H, Farajmand B, Hosseini FS, Amanlou M, Salehabadi H. Indole alkaloids as potential candidates against COVID-19: an in silico study. J Mol Model 2022; 28:144. [PMID: 35546368 PMCID: PMC9094126 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05137-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 has recently grown to be pandemic all around the world. Therefore, efforts to find effective drugs for the treatment of COVID-19 are needed to improve humans’ life quality and survival. Since the main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 plays a crucial role in viral replication and transcription, the inhibition of this enzyme could be a promising and challenging therapeutic target to fight COVID-19. The present study aims to identify alkaloid compounds as new potential inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 Mpro by the hybrid modeling analyses. The docking-based virtual screening method assessed a collection of alkaloids extracted from over 500 medicinal plants and sponges. In order to validate the docking process, classical molecular dynamic simulations were applied on selected ligands, and the calculation of binding free energy was performed. Based on the proper interactions with the active site of the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro, low binding energy, few side effects, and the availability in the medicinal market, two indole alkaloids were found to be potential lead compounds that may serve as therapeutic options to treat COVID-19. This study paves the way for developing natural alkaloids as stronger potent antiviral agents against the SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Mohseni
- Department of Food and Drug Control, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Hamed Bahrami
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Bahman Farajmand
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Faezeh Sadat Hosseini
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Massoud Amanlou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hafezeh Salehabadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
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13
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Hosseini MJ, Mahmoodi N, Eskandari J, Bijani S, Yazdinezhad AR, Anoush M. Protective effects of Vinca herbaceous extract against scopolamine-induced behavioral disturbances and brain oxidative stress in rats. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09295. [PMID: 35520614 PMCID: PMC9061637 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethnopharmacological relevance Alzheimer's disease (AD) as the most common type of dementia, is affecting the life of many senior individuals around the world. Vinca herbacea Waldst. & Kit. (V. herbacea) as a middle east originated plant demonstrated antioxidant and antitumor effects. This plant traditionally used to treat diabetes and hypertension, but its mechanism remains unclear. Aim of the study In the present study, post-treatment effects of V. herbacea on learning and memory functions, antioxidant cellular defense and oxidative stress were investigated using the scopolamine rat model of AD. Materials and methods Wistar male rats (170-190 g) were administered Scopolamine, an anti-muscarinic drug, (2 mg/kg) for 10 days followed by V. herbacea extract (200, 300 and 400 mg/kg) and/or donepezil (DON; 1 mg/kg, which were administered before behavioral studies for 10 consecutive days. All the rats were then subjected to Morris water maze (MWM) task. Biochemical parameters of oxidative stress were quantified using the whole brain. Results Our data showed significant decrease performance in target quadrant in water maze task following administration of scopolamine (SCOP). Also, V. herbacea and DON, did not induce any neurotoxicity and hepatotoxic effects at the highest utilized doses in healthy rats. Treatment with V. herbacea extract (200&400 mg/kg) and DON improved memory performance significantly in comparison with AD rats. In addition, V. herbacea extract in AD rats exhibited a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PCO) levels and an increase in total antioxidant capacity (FRAP) and glutathione (GSH) amounts in brain and liver. Conclusion It seems that cholinergic deficits and oxidative stress are consistently associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The richness of V. herbacea in case of indole alkaloids and flavonoids confirms the potentials of this herb in management of oxidative stress, resorting synaptic acetylcholine level and improving cellular antioxidant resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mir-Jamal Hosseini
- Zanjan Applied Pharmacology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Niloofar Mahmoodi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Javad Eskandari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Soroush Bijani
- Zanjan Applied Pharmacology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Yazdinezhad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Anoush
- Zanjan Applied Pharmacology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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14
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Fan K, Ding CF, Deng SY, Gao W, Tan BY, Wu H, Guo Y, Song JF, Zhang LC, Zhang RP, Yu HF. Monoterpene indole N-oxide alkaloids from Tabernaemontana corymbosa and their antimicrobial activity. Fitoterapia 2022; 158:105178. [PMID: 35302006 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2022.105178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tabernaemontana corymbosa is a traditional folk medicine. In our research, six monoterpene indole N-oxide alkaloids and their parent alkaloids were obtained from the stem bark of T. corymbosa, including seven new alkaloids (1-7) and five known alkaloids (8-12). Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by extensive spectroscopy, quantum chemical calculations, and DP4+ probability analyses. The antimicrobial activity of the obtained compounds was evaluated, among which alkaloids 4, 8, 12 showed significant antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with an MIC value of 6.25 μg/mL, while alkaloids 11, 12 showed moderate antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis with an MIC value of 25 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Fan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Zoology & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Cai-Feng Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Zoology & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Shi-Yu Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Zoology & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Wen Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Zoology & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Bang-Yin Tan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Zoology & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Hao Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Zoology & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Ying Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Jing-Feng Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Zoology & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Lan-Chun Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Zoology & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, PR China.
| | - Rong-Ping Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Zoology & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, PR China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resources, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, PR China.
| | - Hao-Fei Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Zoology & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, PR China.
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15
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Adeyoju EO, Ajayi CO, Adepiti AO, Elujoba AA. Comparative in vivo antimalarial activities of aqueous and methanol extracts of MAMA powder - A herbal antimalarial preparation. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 283:114686. [PMID: 34571079 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The choice of extraction solvent is a significant consideration in ethnomedicine as optimal extraction could influence the bioactivity of the herbal medicinal product. AIM OF STUDY This study investigated the possible influence of the choice of solvents (methanol and water) for extracting MAMA Powder (MP) against Plasmodium berghei-infected mice to optimize its antimalarial activity and for developing other pharmaceutical dosage forms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Aqueous and methanol extracts of MP, obtained through the decoction and soxhlet methods, respectively, were subjected to liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) for their respective fingerprints. The antimalarial activities of the methanol and aqueous extracts (12.5-100 mg/kg) were evaluated orally using the chemosuppressive test model on chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. The methanol extract was subjected to the established infection and prophylactic antimalarial tests with chloroquine (10 mg/kg) and pyrimethamine (1.25 mg/kg) as positive controls, respectively. The aqueous extract was investigated in chloroquine-resistant P. berghei using the chemosuppressive (12.5-800 mg/kg) and established infection (25-400 mg/kg) antimalarial models. RESULTS The LC-MS fingerprints of both aqueous and methanol extracts revealed similar indole alkaloid contents. Chemosuppressive activity of the aqueous extract (75.3%) was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the methanol extract (67.6%). In the chloroquine-resistant P. berghei infection experiments, the aqueous extract (400 mg/kg) exhibited significant parasite clearance (72%). CONCLUSION The study concluded that the water extract with higher antimalarial activity could be optimized for chloroquine-resistant malaria and can thus facilitate the production of liquid and solid dosage forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel O Adeyoju
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.
| | - Clement O Ajayi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.
| | - Awodayo O Adepiti
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.
| | - Anthony A Elujoba
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.
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16
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Chu C, Zang Y, Yang F, Zou Y, Li J, Liu EH, Yi T, Yan J, Tong S. A simple and sensitive preconcentration strategy by coupling salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction with online three-step stacking for the determination of potent anti-tumour compound vinblastine and its precursor in biological samples by capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1664:462794. [PMID: 34998026 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive capillary electrophoresis strategy was developed by combining salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction and online three-step stacking to detect trace quantities of antitumour indole alkaloids in complex biological samples. The proposed strategy fully exploits these two technologies such that extraction, online stacking and separation are combined in a fast and efficient manner. First, salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction was used to extract three indole alkaloids (vinblastine sulfate, catharanthine sulfate and vindoline) from complex biomasses. An appropriate volume of acetonitrile (ACN) was mixed with a faecal aqueous solution to precipitate proteins. The mixed solution was vortexed, followed by the addition of ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) to induce two-phase separation. Alkaloids were effectively extracted into the organic phase, which was then subjected to capillary electrophoresis (CE) analysis. The sensitivity of capillary electrophoresis was effectively improved by online three-step stacking. Good linearity of the calibration curve for each indole alkaloid was obtained in the concentration range of 0.1-1 μg/mL. Under optimal conditions, the sensitivity of ordinary injection was increased by up to 2366-fold, confirming the applicability of the proposed strategy for the sensitive determination of trace indole alkaloids in complex biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu Chu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China
| | - Yaping Zang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China
| | - Fei Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China
| | - Yanfang Zou
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China
| | - Jiaxu Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China
| | - E-Hu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Tao Yi
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, 999077, PR China
| | - Jizhong Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China.
| | - Shengqiang Tong
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China.
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17
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Feng J, Huang D, Yang Y, Chen J, Qiu S, Lv Z, Ma X, Li Y, Li R, Xiao Y, Chen W. Isatis indigotica: from (ethno) botany, biochemistry to synthetic biology. Mol Hortic 2021; 1:17. [PMID: 37789475 PMCID: PMC8668392 DOI: 10.1186/s43897-021-00021-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Isatis indigotica Fort. (Chinese woad) is a species with an ancient and well-documented history as an indigo dye and medicinal plant. It is often confused with Isatis tinctoria L. (European woad), a medicinal plant in Europe. Here, the differences between I. indigotica and I. tinctoria are systematically described. The usage development history, clinical applications and pharmacological activities, and chemical components of I. indigotica are also summarized. Lignans, indole alkaloids, and their corresponding derivatives have been identified as the major active ingredients of I. indigotica and are associated with anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and other health-promoting activities. Notable progress has been made in understanding the biosynthetic pathway and regulation mechanism of lignans and indole alkaloids in I. indigotica, the results from which should facilitate the process of targeted metabolic engineering or synthetic biology. Moreover, multiple biotechnology methods such as polyploid breeding and genetic engineering have been used with I. indigotica to result in, for example, greater yields, higher levels of bioactive component accumulation, and enhanced stress tolerance to salt, drought, and insects. Some issues require additional analyses, and suggestions for future research on I. indigotica are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxian Feng
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Doudou Huang
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yingbo Yang
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Jiangsu, 222001, Lianyungang, China
| | - Junfeng Chen
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Shi Qiu
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zongyou Lv
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xueqi Ma
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yuanyu Li
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Rongrong Li
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Wansheng Chen
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- Medical Guarantee Center, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China.
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18
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Mitra S, Prova SR, Sultana SA, Das R, Nainu F, Emran TB, Tareq AM, Uddin MS, Alqahtani AM, Dhama K, Simal-Gandara J. Therapeutic potential of indole alkaloids in respiratory diseases: A comprehensive review. Phytomedicine 2021; 90:153649. [PMID: 34325978 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indole alkaloids are very promising for potential therapeutic purposes and appear to be particularly effective against respiratory diseases. Several experimental studies have been performed, both in vivo and in vitro, to evaluate the effectiveness of indole alkaloids for the management of respiratory disorders, including asthma, emphysema, tuberculosis, cancer, and pulmonary fibrosis. PURPOSE The fundamental objective of this review was to summarize the in-depth therapeutic potential of indole alkaloids against various respiratory disorders. STUDY DESIGN In addition to describing the therapeutic potential, this review also evaluates the toxicity of these alkaloids, which have been utilized for therapeutic benefits but have demonstrated toxic consequences. Some indole alkaloids, including scholaricine, 19-epischolaricine, vallesamine, and picrinine, which are derived from the plant Alstonia scholaris, have shown toxic effects in non-rodent models. METHODS This review also discusses clinical studies exploring the therapeutic efficacy of indole alkaloids, which have confirmed the promising benefits observed in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS The indole alkaloidal compounds have shown efficacy in subjects with respiratory diseases. CONCLUSION The available data established both preclinical and clinical studies confirm the potential of indole alkaloids to treat the respiratory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Shajuthi Rahman Prova
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Sifat Ara Sultana
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Rajib Das
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Firzan Nainu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi 90245, Indonesia
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh.
| | - Abu Montakim Tareq
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh; Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Ali M Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain.
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Monsalve-Escudero LM, Loaiza-Cano V, Pájaro-González Y, Oliveros-Díaz AF, Diaz-Castillo F, Quiñones W, Robledo S, Martinez-Gutierrez M. Indole alkaloids inhibit zika and chikungunya virus infection in different cell lines. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:216. [PMID: 34454481 PMCID: PMC8397866 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03386-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, an increase in the occurrence of illnesses caused by two clinically- important arboviruses has been reported: Zika virus (ZIKV) and Chikungunya virus (CHIKV). There is no licensed antiviral treatment for either of the two abovementioned viruses. Bearing in mind that the antiviral effect of indole alkaloids has been reported for other arboviral models, the present study proposed to evaluate the antiviral in vitro and in silico effects of four indole alkaloids on infections by these two viruses in different cell lines. METHODS The antiviral effects of voacangine (VOAC), voacangine-7-hydroxyindolenine (VOAC-OH), rupicoline and 3-oxo voacangine (OXO-VOAC) were evaluated in Vero, U937 and A549 cells using different experimental strategies (Pre, Trans, Post and combined treatment). Viral infection was quantified by different methodologies, including infectious viral particles by plating, viral genome by RT-qPCR, and viral protein by cell ELISA. Moreover, molecular docking was used to evaluate the possible interactions between structural and nonstructural viral proteins and the compounds. The results obtained from the antiviral strategies for each experimental condition were compared in all cases with the untreated controls. Statistically significant differences were identified using a parametric Student's t-test. In all cases, p values below 0.05 (p < 0.05) were considered statistically significant. RESULTS In the pre-treatment strategy in Vero cells, VOAC and VOAC-OH inhibited both viral models and OXO-VOAC inhibited only ZIKV; in U937 cells infected with CHIKV/Col, only VOAC-OH inhibited infection, but none of the compounds had activity in A549 cells; in U937 cells and A549 cells infected with ZIKV/Col, the three compounds that were effective in Vero cells also had antiviral activity. In the trans-treatment strategy, only VOAC-OH was virucidal against ZIKV/Col. In the post-treatment strategy, only rupicoline was effective in the CHIKV/Col model in Vero and A549 cells, whereas VOAC and VOAC-OH inhibited ZIKV infection in all three cell lines. In the combined strategy, VOAC, VOAC-OH and rupicoline inhibited CHIKV/Col and ZIKV/Col, but only rupicoline improved the antiviral effect of ZIKV/Col-infected cultures with respect to the individual strategies. Molecular docking showed that all the compounds had favorable binding energies with the structural proteins E2 and NSP2 (CHIKV) and E and NS5 (ZIKV). CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrates that indole alkaloids are promising antiviral drugs in the process of ZIKV and CHIKV infection; however, the mechanisms of action evaluated in this study would indicate that the effect is different in each viral model and, in turn, dependent on the cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Milena Monsalve-Escudero
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Animales-GRICA. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Vanessa Loaiza-Cano
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Animales-GRICA. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Yina Pájaro-González
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Fitoquímicas y Farmacológicas de la Universidad de Cartagena - LIFFUC, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia.,Grupo de Investigación en Farmacia Asistencial y Farmacología, Universidad del Atlántico, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Andrés Felipe Oliveros-Díaz
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Fitoquímicas y Farmacológicas de la Universidad de Cartagena - LIFFUC, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Fredyc Diaz-Castillo
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Fitoquímicas y Farmacológicas de la Universidad de Cartagena - LIFFUC, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Wiston Quiñones
- Grupo de Química Orgánica de Productos Naturales. Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Sara Robledo
- Programa de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales-PECET, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Marlen Martinez-Gutierrez
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Animales-GRICA. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
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20
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Song F, Bian Y, Liu J, Li Z, Zhao L, Fang J, Lai Y, Zhou M. Indole Alkaloids, Synthetic Dimers and Hybrids with Potential In Vivo Anticancer Activity. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:377-403. [PMID: 32901583 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200908162311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Indole, a heterocyclic organic compound, is one of the most promising heterocycles found in natural and synthetic sources since its derivatives possess fascinating structural diversity and various therapeutic properties. Indole alkaloids, synthetic dimers and hybrids could act on diverse targets in cancer cells, and consequently, possess potential antiproliferative effects on various cancers both in vitro and in vivo. Vinblastine, midostaurin, and anlotinib as the representative of indole alkaloids, synthetic dimers and hybrids respectively, have already been clinically applied to treat many types of cancers, demonstrating indole alkaloids, synthetic dimers and hybrids are useful scaffolds for the development of novel anticancer agents. Covering articles published between 2010 and 2020, this review emphasizes the recent development of indole alkaloids, synthetic dimers and hybrids with potential in vivo therapeutic application for cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Song
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, Shandong, China
| | - Yunqiang Bian
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenghua Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, Shandong, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, Shandong, China
| | - Junman Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, Shandong, China
| | - Yonghong Lai
- School of Life Sciences, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, Shandong, China
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21
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Yahyazadeh M, Jerz G, Winterhalter P, Selmar D. The complexity of sound quantification of specialized metabolite biosynthesis: The stress related impact on the alkaloid content of Catharanthus roseus. Phytochemistry 2021; 187:112774. [PMID: 33930669 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants grown under stress conditions reveal higher concentrations of relevant specialized metabolites than well-watered plants, putatively due to an enhanced biosynthesis. Yet, stress also reduced the biomass gain. Accordingly, the concentration increase in comparison to control plants could also be due to lesser biomass employed as the reference value, whereas the rate of biosynthesis may remain unchanged. For an unequivocal proof that stress indeed enhances the biosynthesis, the total amount of the substances per plant has to be determined. In this study, we investigated the stress-induced impact on the alkaloids accumulated in Catharanthus roseus and quantified both, the changes in concentration and in the entire amount of alkaloids. At any time, all Catharanthus roseus plants grown under drought stress exhibited a markedly higher alkaloid concentration compared to the well-watered controls. However, by calculating the entire alkaloid content per plant, a corresponding increment occurred only within the first two weeks of drought stress. Thereafter, no significant differences among drought treatments and control were detected. Finally, within the last week, the alkaloid content per plant decreased markedly, although there was a meaningfully higher concentration of alkaloids in the drought-stressed plants. In contrast, when plants had been exposed to high salt concentrations, the alkaloid concentrations were quite the same in stressed and control plants. The related total contents were significantly lower in plants exposed to salt stress. These results display that both phenomena, an increased rate of biosynthesis and lesser reference values, i.e., the biomass, contribute to the stress-related increase in the concentration of natural product. Moreover, it has to be considered that the enhancement of biosynthesis could be due to either an "active" up-regulation of biosynthetic capacity or a "passive" shift caused by the over-reduced status as a result of the stress-induced stomatal closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Yahyazadeh
- Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran; Institute of Plant Biology, TU Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstr. 4, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Gerold Jerz
- Institute of Food Chemistry, TU Braunschweig, Schleinitzstr. 20, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Peter Winterhalter
- Institute of Food Chemistry, TU Braunschweig, Schleinitzstr. 20, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dirk Selmar
- Institute of Plant Biology, TU Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstr. 4, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany.
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22
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Zhu Y, Zhao J, Luo L, Gao Y, Bao H, Li P, Zhang H. Research progress of indole compounds with potential antidiabetic activity. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 223:113665. [PMID: 34192642 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
New types of antidiabetic agents are continually needed with diabetes becoming the epidemic in the world. Indole alkaloids play an important role in natural products owing to their variable structures and versatile biological activities like anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities, which are a promising source of novel antidiabetic drugs discovery. The synthesized indole derivatives possess similar properties to natural indole alkaloids. In the last two decades, more and more indole derivatives have been designed and synthesized for searching their bioactivities. This present review describes comprehensive structures of indole compounds with the potential antidiabetic activity including natural indole alkaloids and the synthetic indole derivatives based on the structure classification, summarizes their approaches isolated from natural sources or by synthetic methods, and discusses the antidiabetic effects and the mechanisms of action. Furthermore, this review also provides briefly synthetic procedures of some important indole derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jinran Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Longbiao Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yang Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - He Bao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Hailong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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23
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Wang Z, Jiang Y, Xin X, An F. Bioactive indole alkaloids from insect derived endophytic Aspergillus lentulus. Fitoterapia 2021; 153:104973. [PMID: 34157376 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2021.104973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
As part of our program to discover new bioactive agents from endophytic fungi, three new indole alkaloids (1-2, 4) along with twelve known compounds were isolated from an inset derived endophytic strain Aspergillus lentulus. Their structures were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses of 1D/2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS data. The absolute configurations were confirmed by ECD calculation using Time-dependent Density functional theory (TD-DFT) at the B3LYP/6-31 + g (d, p) level and Rh2(OCOCF3)4-induced ECD experiments. Compounds 2, 4, 5, 13 and 15 exhibited moderate cytotoxic effects on A549 cell line with IC50 in the range of 17.92-48.29 μM. Compounds 1, 2 and 13-15 displayed the anti-bacterial activity against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola with MIC values ranging from 25 to 100 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiujuan Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Faliang An
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China.
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Ashrafian H, Zadeh EH, Tajbakhsh M, Majid N, Srivastava GN, Khan RH. Discovery of a tetracyclic indole alkaloid that postpones fibrillation of hen egg white lysozyme protein. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:1939-1947. [PMID: 34097957 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Protein aggregation, such as amyloid fibril formation, is molecular hallmark of many neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Prion disease. Indole alkaloids are well-known as the compounds having the ability to inhibit protein fibrillation. In this study, we experimentally and computationally have investigated the anti-amyloid property of a derivative of a synthesized tetracyclic indole alkaloid (TCIA), possessing capable functional groups. The fibrillation reaction of Hen White Egg Lysozyme (HEWL) was performed in absence and presence of the indole alkaloid. For quantitative analysis, we used Thioflovin T binding assay which showed ~50% reduction in fibril formation in the presence of 20 μM TCIA. Using TEM imaging, we observed a significant morphological change in our model protein in the presence of TCIA. In addition, we exploited FT-IR assay by which Amide I peak's shifting toward lower wavenumber was clearly observed. Using Molecular Docking, the interaction of the inhibitor (TCIA) with the protein's amyloidogenic region was modeled. Also, different biophysical parameters were calculated by Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation. Various biochemical assays, conformational change, and hydrophobicity exposure of the protein during amyloid formation indicated that the compound assists HEWL to keep its native structure via destabilizing β-sheet structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Ashrafian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Biochemistry Lab, Chemistry department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | | | - Nabeela Majid
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202 002, India
| | - Gopal N Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rizwan Hassan Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202 002, India.
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Taylor SC, Weinreb SM. Chemistry of the chippiine/dippinine/tronocarpine class of indole alkaloids. Alkaloids Chem Biol 2021; 85:177-222. [PMID: 33663753 DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
The chippiines/dippinines/tronocarpine are a family of biologically and structurally interesting polycyclic tryptamine-derived indole alkaloids isolated from the leaf and bark extracts of plants belonging to the Tabernaemontana genus. To date, 14 members of this family have been isolated and characterized. This review discusses the isolation, structure determination, biological activity, and proposed biosynthesis of these metabolites. In addition, synthetic studies on the alkaloids are described including approaches to tronocarpine and dippinine B core intermediates and total syntheses of (+)-dippinine B and (+)-tronocarpine.
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26
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Zhao YL, Pu SB, Qi Y, Wu BF, Shang JH, Liu YP, Hu D, Luo XD. Pharmacological effects of indole alkaloids from Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. on pulmonary fibrosis in vivo. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 267:113506. [PMID: 33148433 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. (Apocynaceae) is a Dai folk medicine for the treatment of lung diseases in China. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study investigated the anti-pulmonary fibrosis effects of total alkaloids (TA) and the potential active ingredients and its possible mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS After intratracheal instillation of bleomycin (BLM, 5 mg/kg), mice were divided into ten groups, and orally treated with the corresponding samples once daily for 28 days. The effect of indole alkaloids was determined through analysis of cytokines, as well as histopathological examinations and gene expressions. RESULTS Severe lung fibrosis was observed in the BLM-treated mice on day 28. However, the administration of TA significantly ameliorated the pathological changes in the lungs, decreased the content of Krebs von den Lungen-6, lactate dehydrogenase, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), hydroxyproline, type I collagen, and malonaldehyde, and enhanced the activity of superoxide dismutase in the serum and lung tissues. In addition, the enhanced TGF-β and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) expressions in BLM-induced mice were obviously weakened by indole alkaloids, as well as the ratio of matrix metalloproteinase-1 to tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 was decreased. Moreover, picrinine and scholaricine yielded markedly better values in the aforementioned indices than those in other samples, indicating that they may be the active ingredients of alkaloids. CONCLUSIONS TA exerted protective effects against BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis by reducing collagen deposition through TGF-β/MMP-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China
| | - Shi-Biao Pu
- Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, PR China
| | - Yan Qi
- Yunnan Provincial Hospital of TCM, Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650021, PR China
| | - Bai-Fen Wu
- Yunnan University of Business Management, Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650500, PR China
| | - Jian-Hua Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China
| | - Ya-Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China
| | - Di Hu
- Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, PR China
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China.
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Xie WZ, Yang HX, Li ZH, Feng T, Liu JK. Indole alkaloids from Ophiorrhiza cantoniensis with immunosuppressive activity. Fitoterapia 2021; 148:104777. [PMID: 33238199 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Three new indole alkaloids, ophiorrhines C-D (1-3), together with one known analogue, have been isolated from the plant of Ophiorrhiza cantoniensis Hace. The structures of the new alkaloids with the absolute configurations were elucidated by means of spectroscopic methods, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and calculated nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) with DP4+ analysis. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited certain activity to Con-A induced T cell proliferation, and 1 exhibited good inhibition on LPS-induced B cell proliferation with an IC50 value of 8.7 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Zhe Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hui-Xiang Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zheng-Hui Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Tao Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ji-Kai Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
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28
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Xie QJ, Zhang WY, Wu ZL, Xu MT, He QF, Huang XJ, Che CT, Wang Y, Ye WC. Alkaloid constituents from the fruits of Flueggea virosa. Chin J Nat Med 2020; 18:385-392. [PMID: 32451096 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(20)30045-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Three new indole alkaloids, flueindolines A-C (1-3), along with nine known alkaloids (4-12), were isolated from the fruits of Flueggea virosa (Roxb. ex Willd.) Voigt. Compounds 1 and 2 are two new fused tricyclic indole alkaloids possessing an unusual pyrido[1, 2-a]indole framework, and 3 presents a rare spiro (pyrrolizidinyl-oxindole) backbone. Their structures with absolute configurations were elucidated by means of comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, chemical calculation, as well as X-ray crystallography. Chiral resolution and absolute configuration determination of the known compounds 4, 10, and 11 were reported for the first time. The hypothetical biogenetical pathways of 1-3 were herein also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Jie Xie
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wei-Yan Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhen-Long Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ming-Tao Xu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qi-Fang He
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Huang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chun-Tao Che
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago 60612, United States
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Qi-Yue Y, Ting Z, Ya-Nan H, Sheng-Jie H, Xuan D, Li H, Chun-Guang X. From natural dye to herbal medicine: a systematic review of chemical constituents, pharmacological effects and clinical applications of indigo naturalis. Chin Med 2020; 15:127. [PMID: 33317592 PMCID: PMC7734464 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00406-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Indigo naturalis is a blue dye in ancient, as well as an extensive used traditional Chinese medicine. It has a wide spectrum of pharmacological properties and can be used to treat numerous ailments such as leukemia, psoriasis, and ulcerative colitis. This article aims to expand our understanding of indigo naturalis in terms of its chemical constituents, pharmacological action and clinical applications. Methods We searched PubMed, web of science, CNKI, Google academic, Elsevier and other databases with the key words of “Indigo naturalis”, and reviewed and sorted out the modern research of indigo naturalis based on our research results. Results We outlined the traditional manufacturing process, chemical composition and quality control of indigo naturalis, systematically reviewed traditional applictions, pharmacological activities and mechanism of indigo naturalis, and summarized its clinical trials about treatment of psoriasis, leukemia and ulcerative colitis. Conclusions Indigo naturalis has a variety of pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, immunomodulatory and so on. It has very good clinical effect on psoriasis, leukemia and ulcerative colitis. However, it should be noted that long-term use of indigo naturalis may produce some reversible adverse reactions. In summarize, indigo naturalis is an extremely important drug with great value and potential.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Qi-Yue
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shierqiao Road, Chengdu, 610075, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhang Ting
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - He Ya-Nan
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Huang Sheng-Jie
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Deng Xuan
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China. .,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1188 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Xie Chun-Guang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shierqiao Road, Chengdu, 610075, People's Republic of China.
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Liu Y, Jiang HB, Liu Y, Algradi AM, Naseem A, Zhou YY, She X, Li-Li, Yang BY, Kuang HX. New indole alkaloids from the seeds of Datura metel L. Fitoterapia 2020; 146:104726. [PMID: 32946946 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Four new indole alkaloids, daturametelindoles A-D (1-4) were isolated from the EtOAc soluble partition of the ethanol extract of the Datura metel seeds. The structures of the new compounds were determined based on spectroscopic evidence, including their 1D- and 2D-NMR spectra and mass spectrometry. In particular, compounds 1-4 were all racemes, confirmed by the optical rotations and CD spectra. Unfortunately, the chiral monomers were not obtained due to the amount, but the developments of their chiral separation and chiral resolution were completed. All isolated compounds were evaluated for cytotoxic effects against human gastric adenocarcinoma cells (SGC-7901), human hepatoma (Hepg2), and human breast cancer (MCF-7).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Hai-Bing Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Adnan Mohammed Algradi
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Anam Naseem
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Xian She
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Li-Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drug ability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, China
| | - Bing-You Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China.
| | - Hai-Xue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China.
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Zhao YL, Yang ZF, Wu BF, Shang JH, Liu YP, Wang XH, Luo XD. Indole alkaloids from leaves of Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. protect against emphysema in mice. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 259:112949. [PMID: 32387234 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. (Apocynaceae) is a medicinal plant in China traditionally used to treat pulmonary diseases, including bronchitis, whooping cough, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. AIM OF THE STUDY To provide experimental data supporting clinical adaptation of total indole alkaloids ( TA) from A. scholaris leaves for treating emphysema. MATERIALS AND METHODS An emphysema model was induced by a single intratracheal instillation of porcine pancreatic elastase followed by administration of TA and four main alkaloid components (scholaricine, 19-epischolaricine, vallesamine, and picrinine) for 30 consecutive days. Cytokine levels, histopathological parameters and protein expression in lung tissues were examined. RESULTS Administering the TA, picrinine, scholaricine, 19-epischolaricine and vallesamine for 30 days effectively inhibited inflammatory cell accumulation and invasion in the lung tissue and relieved pulmonary tissue injury. Oxygen saturation was enhanced, and interleukin (IL)-1β, monocyte-chemo attractive peptide 1, IL-11, matrix metalloproteinase-12, transforming growth factor-β and vascular endothelial growth factor levels were significantly reduced, likely by suppressing overactivation of alveolar macrophages and pulmonary fibrosis. The elastin content was markedly elevated, and fibronectin was reduced. Bcl-2 expression was significantly increased, and nuclear factor-κB and β-catenin levels were decreased. CONCLUSIONS TA can be potentially used as an effective novel drug for pulmonary emphysema and exerts its effects through not only inhibiting inflammation of the airway wall and airflow resistance but also promoting lung elastic recoil and protease/anti-protease balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China
| | - Zi-Feng Yang
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, PR China
| | - Bai-Fen Wu
- Yunnan University of Business Management, Yunnan Province, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Hua Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China
| | - Ya-Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China
| | - Xin-Hua Wang
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China.
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Lima JA, R Costa TW, da Fonseca ACC, do Amaral RF, Nascimento MDDSB, Santos-Filho OA, de Miranda ALP, Ferreira Neto DC, Lima FRS, Hamerski L, Tinoco LW. Geissoschizoline, a promising alkaloid for Alzheimer's disease: Inhibition of human cholinesterases, anti-inflammatory effects and molecular docking. Bioorg Chem 2020; 104:104215. [PMID: 32920358 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Due to the lack of effective pharmacotherapy options to treats Alzheimer's disease, new strategies have been approached in the search for multi-target molecules as therapeutic options. In this work, four indole alkaloids, geissoschizoline, geissoschizone, geissospermine, and 3',4',5',6'-tetradehydrogeissospermine were isolated from Geissospermum vellosii (Pao pereira) and evaluated for their anticholinesterase activities. While geissospermine inhibited only butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), the other alkaloids behaved as non-selective inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and BChE. In cell viability tests, only geissoschizoline was not cytotoxic. Therefore, geissoschizoline actions were also evaluated in human cholinesterases, where it was twice as potent inhibitor of hBChE (IC50 = 10.21 ± 0.01 µM) than hAChE (IC50 = 20.40 ± 0.93 µM). On enzyme kinetic studies, geissoschizoline presented a mixed-type inhibition mechanism for both enzymes. Molecular docking studies pointed interactions of geissoschizoline with active site and peripheral anionic site of hAChE and hBChE, indicating a dual site inhibitor profile. Moreover, geissoschizoline also played a promising anti-inflammatory role, reducing microglial release of NO and TNF-α at a concentration (1 μM) ten and twenty times lower than the IC50 values of hBChE and hAChE inhibition, respectively. These actions give geissoschizoline a strong neuroprotective character. In addition, the ability to inhibit hAChE and hBChE, with approximate inhibitory potencies, accredits this alkaloid for therapeutic use in the moderate to severe phase of AD. Thus, geissoschizoline emerges as a possible multi-target prototype that can be very useful in preventing neurodegeneration and restore neurotransmission.
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Yeap JSY, Tan CH, Yong KT, Lim KH, Lim SH, Low YY, Kam TS. Macroline, talpinine, and sarpagine alkaloids from Alstonia penangiana. An NMR-based method for differentiating between A. penangiana and A. macrophylla. Phytochemistry 2020; 176:112391. [PMID: 32387883 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fourteen previously undescribed alkaloids comprising two N-1-hydroxymethylmacroline alkaloids, one talpinine-type oxindole acetal, a pair of equilibrating talpinine-type oxindole hemiacetals, eight oxidized derivatives of sarpagine- and akuammiline-type indole alkaloids, in addition to alstochalotine a diastereomer of gelsochalotine recently isolated from Gelsemium elegans, were isolated from the leaf and stem-bark extracts of Alstonia penangiana. The structures and relative configurations of these alkaloids were established using NMR, MS, and in one instance, confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. An NMR-based method is described as a useful chemotaxonomic tool for differentiating between A. penangiana and A. macrophylla. Several of the alkaloids isolated showed appreciable growth inhibitory effects when tested against a number of human cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Soon-Yee Yeap
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chun-Hoe Tan
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kien-Thai Yong
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kuan-Hon Lim
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siew-Huah Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yun-Yee Low
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Toh-Seok Kam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Zhao YL, Su M, Shang JH, Wang X, Bao GL, Ma J, Sun QD, Yuan F, Wang JK, Luo XD. Acute and Sub-chronic Toxicity of Indole Alkaloids Extract from Leaves of Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. in Beagle Dogs. Nat Prod Bioprospect 2020; 10:209-220. [PMID: 32524465 PMCID: PMC7367998 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-020-00246-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br., an evergreen tropical plant rich in indole alkaloids with significant physiological activity, is traditionally used to treat respiratory diseases in China. This study was conducted to establish the toxicity profile of the alkaloid extract (TA) of A. scholaris leaves in non-rodents. After oral administration of a single dose (4 g/kg.bw), a number of transient symptoms, such as unsteady gait, drooling, emesis, and reddening of peri-oral mucosa, were observed, but no treatment-related mortality. A sub-chronic toxicity study with a range of doses of TA (20, 60 and 120 mg/kg.bw) was conducted for a 13-week treatment period, followed by 4-week recovery observation. Except for emesis and drooling in majority of animals in 120 mg/kg.bw treatment group, no clinical changes were observed in TA-treated animals. Data from electrocardiography, bone marrow, urine, fecal, hematology and clinical chemistry analyses were comparable between TA-treated and control animals. No significant differences in the relative organ weights and histopathological characteristics were evident between the TA-treated and control groups. Accordingly, the non-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) of TA was established as 120 mg/kg.bw. Our results add further knowledge to the safety database for indole alkaloid extracts from A. scholaris with potential utility as novel drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Su
- Yunnan Institute of Medical Material, Kunming, 650111, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Hua Shang
- Yunnan Institute of Medical Material, Kunming, 650111, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Wang
- Yunnan Institute of Medical Material, Kunming, 650111, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Lei Bao
- Yunnan Institute of Medical Material, Kunming, 650111, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Ma
- Yunnan Institute of Medical Material, Kunming, 650111, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Di Sun
- Jiangsu Nhwa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Xuzhou, 221009, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Yuan
- Yunnan Institute of Medical Material, Kunming, 650111, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Kun Wang
- Yunnan Institute of Medical Material, Kunming, 650111, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China.
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Lee CL, Wang CM, Kuo YH, Yen HR, Song YC, Chou YL, Chen CJ. IL-17A inhibitions of indole alkaloids from traditional Chinese medicine Qing Dai. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 255:112772. [PMID: 32194230 PMCID: PMC7156250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Qing Dai, a famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is prepared by a traditional fermentation process with the aerial part of Strobilanthes cusia. Currently, this TCM could treat various clinical inflammatory diseases, such as ulcerative colitis and psoriasis, however, the bioactive components of Qing Dai are unknown clearly. AIM OF THE STUDY To isolate and identify the anti-IL-17A components of Qing Dai. MATERIALS AND METHODS Silica, RP-18 gels, and size exclusion resin were used for column chromatography to isolate the pure compounds. The structures of isolates were elucidated by NMR, MS, UV, IR spectra, and optical rotation. IL-17A protein and gene expressions were also evaluated in the Th17 cell model and luciferase reporter assay, respectively. RESULTS Two indole alkaloids, including one new indigodole D and cephalandole B, were isolated from Qing Dai. Indigodole D could inhibit IL-17A protein production during the Th17 polarization (EC50: 2.16 μg/mL) or after the polarization (EC50: 5.99 μg/mL) without cytotoxicity toward Th17 cells. Cephalandole B did not inhibit the IL-17A protein secretion. Nevertheless, both isolates notably inhibited IL-17A gene expression, especially cephalandole B, in a dose-dependent manner in Jukat cells with IL-17A luciferase reporter. CONCLUSIONS Indole alkaloids, indigodoles A, C, D, tryptanthrin, and indirubin could contribute to anti-IL 17A properties of Qing Dai. The possible biogenetic mechanisms of above-mentioned indoles were also speculated in this investigation for further promising anti-IL-17 lead drugs development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Lin Lee
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan; Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Ming Wang
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Yueh-Hsiung Kuo
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan.
| | - Hung-Rong Yen
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan; Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Chyi Song
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Lun Chou
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Chao-Jung Chen
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan.
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Zhang D, Ruan D, Li J, Chen Z, Zhu W, Guo F, Chen K, Li Y, Wang R. Four undescribed sulfur-containing indole alkaloids with nitric oxide inhibitory activities from Isatis tinctoria L. roots. Phytochemistry 2020; 174:112337. [PMID: 32163787 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Four undescribed sulfur-containing indole alkaloids, isatisindigoticanines H, I and isatindigosides F, G along with three known analogues were obtained from Isatis tinctoria L. roots. Isatisindigoticanines H and I contained an unusual 1-(thiazol-4-yl)butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol moiety while isatindigosides F and G possessed a new 3-[3-(1H-indole-2-yl)azet-2-yl]-1H-indole skeleton. The putative biosynthetic pathways of isatisindigoticanines H, I and isatindigosides F, G are proposed. The isolated compounds showed nitric oxide inhibitory effects with IC50 values ranging from 4.3 to 70.3 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Deqing Ruan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyi Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoqiang Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiliang Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Fujiang Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaixian Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China.
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Paciaroni NG, Norwood VM, Ratnayake R, Luesch H, Huigens RW. Yohimbine as a Starting Point to Access Diverse Natural Product-Like Agents with Re-programmed Activities against Cancer-Relevant GPCR Targets. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115546. [PMID: 32616180 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute the largest protein superfamily in the human genome. GPCRs play key roles in mediating a wide variety of physiological events including proliferation and cancer metastasis. Given the major roles that GPCRs play in mediating cancer growth, they present promising targets for small molecule therapeutics. One of the principal goals of our lab is to identify complex natural products (NPs) suitable for ring distortion, or the dramatic altering of the inherently complex architectures of NPs, to rapidly generate an array of compounds with diverse molecular skeletal systems. The overarching goal of our ring distortion approach is to re-program the biological activity of select natural products and identify new compounds of importance to the treatment of disease, such as cancer. Described herein are the results from biological screens of diverse small molecules derived from the indole alkaloid yohimbine against a panel of GPCRs involved in various diseases. Several analogues displayed highly differential antagonistic activities across the GPCRs tested. We highlight the re-programmed profile of one analogue, Y7g, which exhibited selective antagonistic activities against AVPR2 (IC50 = 459 nM) and OXTR (IC50 = 1.16 µM). The activity profile of Y7g could correlate its HIF-dependent anti-cancer activity to its GPCR antagonism since these receptors are known to be upregulated in hypoxic cellular environments. Our findings demonstrate that the ring distortion of yohimbine can lead to the identification of new compounds capable of interacting with distinct cancer-relevant targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas G Paciaroni
- University of Florida, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy, 1345 Center Dr., Gainesville, FL 32610, United States
| | - Verrill M Norwood
- University of Florida, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy, 1345 Center Dr., Gainesville, FL 32610, United States
| | - Ranjala Ratnayake
- University of Florida, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy, 1345 Center Dr., Gainesville, FL 32610, United States
| | - Hendrik Luesch
- University of Florida, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy, 1345 Center Dr., Gainesville, FL 32610, United States.
| | - Robert W Huigens
- University of Florida, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy, 1345 Center Dr., Gainesville, FL 32610, United States.
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Zhao YL, Su M, Shang JH, Wang X, Njateng GSS, Bao GL, Ma J, Sun QD, Yuan F, Wang JK, Luo XD. Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Indole Alkaloids from Leaves of Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. in Mice and Rats. Nat Prod Bioprospect 2020; 10:77-88. [PMID: 32236848 PMCID: PMC7176796 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-020-00237-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. (Apocynaceae) is an evergreen tree that has been used to treat lung diseases. In this study, the toxicity profile of indole alkaloids from leaves of A. scholaris was investigated. In acute toxicity tests, mice were administered total alkaloids (TA) and five indole alkaloids. In a chronic toxicity test, rats were continuously administered TA (50, 100, and 300 mg/kg bw) for 13 weeks, followed by a 4-week recovery. A single administration of TA affected the behavior of mice, and at 12.8 g/kg bw, prone position, shortness of breath, wheezing, and convulsion were observed. The half-lethal dose (LD50) in mice was 5.48 g/kg bw, almost 2740 times the clinical dose in humans. Among the five indole alkaloids, the maximum tolerance dose in mice ranged from 0.75 to 4 g/kg bw. The TA-treated rats did not die and showed no adverse effects or dose-dependent changes in weight or food and water consumption, despite fluctuations in hematological and biochemical parameters compared with historical data. Furthermore, both gross and histopathological observations revealed no abnormalities in any organ. With daily oral administration to rats, the non-observed-adverse-effect-level of TA was 100 mg/kg bw. The results indicate that TA is safe for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Su
- Yunnan Institute of Medical Material, Kunming, 650111, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Hua Shang
- Yunnan Institute of Medical Material, Kunming, 650111, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Wang
- Yunnan Institute of Medical Material, Kunming, 650111, People's Republic of China
| | - Guy Sedar Singor Njateng
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Antimicrobial Substances, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Guang-Lei Bao
- Yunnan Institute of Medical Material, Kunming, 650111, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Ma
- Yunnan Institute of Medical Material, Kunming, 650111, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Di Sun
- Jiangsu Nhwa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Xuzhou, 221009, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Yuan
- Yunnan Institute of Medical Material, Kunming, 650111, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Kun Wang
- Yunnan Institute of Medical Material, Kunming, 650111, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China.
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Rosales PF, Bordin GS, Gower AE, Moura S. Indole alkaloids: 2012 until now, highlighting the new chemical structures and biological activities. Fitoterapia 2020; 143:104558. [PMID: 32198108 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Indole alkaloids have attracted attention because of their therapeutic properties, being anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, antitumoural, antioxidant and antimicrobial. These compounds present a wide structural diversity, which is directly related to the genera of the producing plants, as well as the biological activities. Indole alkaloids have attracted attention over the last decade because of this combination of bioactivity and structural diversity. Therefore, this review presented recent (2012-2018) advances in alkaloids, focusing on new compounds, extraction methods and biological activities. As such, approximately 70 articles were identified, which showed 261 new compounds produced by plants of the families Apocynaceae, Rubiaceae, Annonaceae and Loganiaceae. In addition, different extraction methods were identified, and the structures of the new compounds were analysed. In addition to indole molecules, there were mono-indole-, di-indole-, vinblastine-, vimblastine-, gelsedine-, geissospermidine-, koumine-, geissospermidine-, iboga-, perakine-, corynanthe-, vincamine-, ajmaline-, aspidorpema-, strychnos-type, β-carboline alkaloids and indole alkaloid glucosides. The reported biological activities are mainly anticancer, antibacterial, antimalarial, antifungal, antiparasitic, and antiviral, as well as anti-acetylcholinesterase and anti-butyrylcolinesterase properties. This review serves as a guide for those wishing to find the most recently identified alkaloid structures and their associated activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Fagundes Rosales
- LBIOP - Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural and Synthetics Products, Technology Department, Biotechnology Institute, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil; IFRS -Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul, Campus Bento Gonçalves, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Sandri Bordin
- LBIOP - Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural and Synthetics Products, Technology Department, Biotechnology Institute, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Adriana Escalona Gower
- LBIOP - Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural and Synthetics Products, Technology Department, Biotechnology Institute, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Sidnei Moura
- LBIOP - Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural and Synthetics Products, Technology Department, Biotechnology Institute, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil.
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Xie TZ, Zhao YL, He JJ, Zhao LX, Wei X, Liu YP, Luo XD. Monoterpenoid indole alkaloids from the stems of Kopsia officinalis. Fitoterapia 2020; 143:104547. [PMID: 32173419 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Five new indole alkaloids, kopsiofficines H-L (1-5), along with fourteen known alkaloids (6-19) were isolated from the stems of Kopsia officinalis. Their structures were elucidated by extensive NMR, mass spectroscopic analyses and comparison to the reported data. All the isolated compounds were evaluated their anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting IL-1β, PGE2 and TNF-α secretion in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 cells. Compounds 2, 3, 6, 7, 11, 12, 15, and 17 show significant anti-inflammatory activities. These results demonstrate pharmacodynamic substance basis of these folkloric claims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Zhen Xie
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China
| | - Yun-Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China
| | - Jun-Jie He
- Lanzhou University of Technolog, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Li-Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
| | - Xin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China
| | - Ya-Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China; Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China.
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Abouzeid S, Hijazin T, Lewerenz L, Hänsch R, Selmar D. The genuine localization of indole alkaloids in Vinca minor and Catharanthus roseus. Phytochemistry 2019; 168:112110. [PMID: 31494345 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.112110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Based on the occurrence of indole alkaloids in so-called "chloroform leaf surface extracts", it was previously deduced that these alkaloids are present in the cuticle at the leaf surface of Catharanthus roseus and Vinca minor. As no symplastic markers were found in these extracts this deduction seemed to be sound. However, since chloroform is known to destroy biomembranes very rapidly, these data have to be judged with scepticism. We reanalyzed the alleged apoplastic localization of indole alkaloids by employing slightly acidic aqueous surface extracts and comparing the corresponding alkaloid patterns with those of aqueous total leaf extracts. Whereas in the "chloroform leaf surface extracts" all alkaloids are present in the same manner as in the total leaf extracts, no alkaloids occur in the aqueous leaf surface extracts. These results clearly show that chloroform had rapidly destroyed cell integrity, and the related extracts also contain the alkaloids genuinely accumulated within the protoplasm. The related decompartmentation was verified by the massively enhanced concentration of amino acids in aqueous surface extracts of chloroform treated leaves. Furthermore, the chloroform-induced cell disintegration was vividly visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopical analyses, which clearly displayed a strong decrease in the chlorophyll fluorescence in chloroform treated leaves. These findings unequivocally display that the indole alkaloids are not located in the apoplastic space, but exclusively are present symplastically within the cells of V. minor and C. roseus leaves. Accordingly, we have to presume that also other leaf surface extracts employing organic solvents have to be re-investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Abouzeid
- Institute for Plant Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnsstr. 4, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany; Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Tahani Hijazin
- Institute for Plant Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnsstr. 4, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Laura Lewerenz
- Institute for Plant Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnsstr. 4, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Robert Hänsch
- Institute for Plant Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstr. 1, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dirk Selmar
- Institute for Plant Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnsstr. 4, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany.
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Pergher D, Picolotto A, Rosales PF, Machado KG, Cerbaro AF, França RT, Salvador M, Roesch-Ely M, Tasso L, Figueiredo JG, Moura S. Antinociceptive and antioxidant effects of extract enriched with active indole alkaloids from leaves of Tabernaemontana catharinensis A. DC. J Ethnopharmacol 2019; 239:111863. [PMID: 30974203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.111863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ethnopharmacological knowledge is important for the identification of active compounds from natural products. Pain may have different aetiologies with complex mechanisms. Tabernaemontana catharinensis A. DC. is well known for indole alkaloids, being used empirically in folk medicine, with antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory as well as antiofidic actions among others. AIM OF THE STUDY This work aims to evaluate the antinociceptive and antioxidant effect in mice of the alkaloids extract from leaves of Tabernaemontana catharinensis A. DC. (AITc). MATERIALS AND METHODS The AITc was produced by ultrasound and acid-base extraction, and the chemical composition was evaluated by high resolution mass spectrometry. Male mice (Mus musculus), Swiss, were used for in vivo tests. The AITc was administrated at doses of 1.0, 5.0, and 10.0 mg/kg in acetic acid model, formalin, tail-immersion, hot plate, and open field tests, and compared to saline, morphine, or diazepam controls, depending on the test. The toxicological, biochemical, haemogram and antioxidant effect were evaluated in mouse organs such as liver, brain, kidneys, spleen and stomach. RESULTS In total, 10 compounds were identified in the AITc, being from the indole alkaloids from the ibogan and corynanthean classes. The extract in doses ranging from 5.0 to 10.0 mg/kg showed an antinociceptive effect for acetic acid, inhibiting by 47.7% and 61.6%. In the same line, reductions of 47.1% (first phase) and 43.6% (second phase) were observed for the 5.0 mg/kg dose in the formalin test. However, tail-immersion and hot plate tests did not show considerable modifications in the latency period, while in the open field test there was an inhibition of only 5.1%. It was observed no differences in NO levels and total antioxidant status of the mice in any of the studie tissues. CONCLUSIONS The results justify the use of this plant in traditional medicine. in vivo tests indicate that these compounds possess central and peripheral mechanisms of action. This is study that reports the nociceptive action of these alkaloids, also including toxicity tests, which are intended to guarantee the safety of use of extracts of this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dáfiner Pergher
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural and Synthetic Products, University of Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Aline Picolotto
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural and Synthetic Products, University of Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Pauline Fagundes Rosales
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural and Synthetic Products, University of Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Keilla Gomes Machado
- Laboratory of Genomics, Proteomics and DNA Repair, University of Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mirian Salvador
- Laboratory of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants, University of Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mariana Roesch-Ely
- Laboratory of Genomics, Proteomics and DNA Repair, University of Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Leandro Tasso
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, University of Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jozi Godoy Figueiredo
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural and Synthetic Products, University of Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Sidnei Moura
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural and Synthetic Products, University of Caxias do Sul, Brazil.
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Lee CL, Wang CM, Hu HC, Yen HR, Song YC, Yu SJ, Chen CJ, Li WC, Wu YC. Indole alkaloids indigodoles A-C from aerial parts of Strobilanthes cusia in the traditional Chinese medicine Qing Dai have anti-IL-17 properties. Phytochemistry 2019; 162:39-46. [PMID: 30852259 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Qing Dai (Naturalis Indigo) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used as a topical agent in moderate psoriasis, targeting interleukin-17 (IL-17). In this study, it was prepared from the aerial parts of Strobilanthes cusia. Three undescribed indole alkaloid derivatives, indigodoles A-C, along with seven known compounds were isolated from this preparation of Qing Dai and their structures were elucidated from spectroscopic data, including NMR, MS, UV, IR, optical rotation, and CD. As well, most compounds were tested against IL-17. Indigodole C and tryptanthrin could significantly inhibit IL-17 production of Th17 cells. In addition, indigodole A and indirubin showed notably anti-IL-17 gene expression in dose-dependent effects without cytotoxicities toward Th17 and Jurkat cells, respectively. Overall, our studies indicate that the aforementioned indole alkaloids could contribute to anti-IL 17 properties of Qing Dai.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Lin Lee
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan; Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Ming Wang
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chun Hu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Rong Yen
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan; Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chyi Song
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Jie Yu
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Jung Chen
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chu Li
- Sheng Chang Pharmaceutical Company, Taoyuan, 32050, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Chang Wu
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
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Amelia P, Nugroho AE, Hirasawa Y, Kaneda T, Tougan T, Horii T, Morita H. Two new sarpagine-type indole alkaloids and antimalarial activity of 16-demethoxycarbonylvoacamine from Tabernaemontana macrocarpa Jack. J Nat Med 2019; 73:820-5. [PMID: 31140017 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-019-01317-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Two new sarpagine-type indole alkaloids (1 and 2), together with five known alkaloids; 12-methoxy-4-methylvoachalotine (3), 16-demethoxycarbonylvoacamine (4), isositsirikine (5), affinisine (6), affinine (7), were isolated from the bark of Tabernaemontana macrocarpa Jack. The structures of these alkaloids were determined based on spectroscopic data, chemical correlation, and comparison with the literature. 16-Demethoxycarbonylvoacamine (4) showed antiplasmodial activities against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 and cytotoxic activities against human cell line, HepG2 cells.
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Yu X, Müller WEG, Guo Z, Lin W, Zou K, Liu Z, Proksch P. Indole alkaloids from the coprophilous fungus Aphanoascus fulvescens. Fitoterapia 2019; 136:104168. [PMID: 31075487 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The Ascomycete fungus Aphanoascus fulvescens isolated from goose dung was investigated for its secondary metabolites, yielding five new indole alkaloids okaramines V-Z (1-5) and eleven known derivatives (6-16). Their structures were determined by 1D, 2D NMR spectra and HRMS data. Compounds 6, 8, 11 and 12 showed significant to moderate cytotoxicity against the mouse lymphoma cell line L5178Y with IC50 values ranging from 4.0 to 14.7 μM. Preliminary structure-activity relationships are discussed.
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Abouzeid S, Beutling U, Selmar D. Stress-induced modification of indole alkaloids:Phytomodificines as a new category of specialized metabolites. Phytochemistry 2019; 159:102-107. [PMID: 30605851 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on the elucidation of the stress-induced reverse changes of major indole alkaloids in Vinca minor, primarily on the postulated conversion of vincamine and vincadifformine to yield 9-methoxyvincamine, minovincine, and minovincinine, respectively. By applying the P450 enzyme inhibitors, naproxen and resveratrol, it was shown that the oxidative reaction involved in the postulated conversion of vincamine and vincadifformine is catalyzed by cytochrome P450 enzymes. In combination with the identification of 9-hydroxyvincamine as a postulated intermediate, this result confirms that the observed stress-induced reverse changes in the alkaloid pattern are caused by modifications of the alkaloids which regularly accumulate in the healthy Vinca minor plants. Up to now, just two main types of defense compounds are distinguished: phytoalexins, which are synthesized de novo from primary metabolites and phytoanticipins, which are constitutively present in plants - either intrinsically active or are activated after cell death by hydrolysis or oxidation of the precursors. In contrast, the results presented in this paper demonstrate that indole alkaloids, representing typical phytoanticipins, are just slightly modified in response to a stress-related elicitation. Accordingly, these modified alkaloids neither represent classical phytoalexins (being synthesized de novo), nor can they be classified as phytoanticipins, since modification does not occur postmortem. Consequently, we propose a new category for these modified alkaloids that we call phytomodificines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Abouzeid
- Institute for Plant Biology, TU Braunschweig, Mendelssohnsstr. 4, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany; Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Ulrike Beutling
- Department of Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dirk Selmar
- Institute for Plant Biology, TU Braunschweig, Mendelssohnsstr. 4, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany.
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Mohana Kumara P, Uma Shaanker R, Pradeep T. UPLC and ESI-MS analysis of metabolites of Rauvolfia tetraphylla L. and their spatial localization using desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) mass spectrometric imaging. Phytochemistry 2019; 159:20-29. [PMID: 30562679 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Rauvolfia tetraphylla L. (family Apocynaceae), often referred to as the wild snakeroot plant, is an important medicinal plant and produces a number of indole alkaloids in its seeds and roots. The plant is often used as a substitute for Ravuolfia serpentine (L.) Benth. ex Kurz known commonly as the Indian snakeroot plant or sarphagandha in the preparation of Ayurvedic formulations for a range of diseases including hypertension. In this study, we examine the spatial localization of the various indole alkaloids in developing fruits and plants of R. tetraphylla using desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI). A semi-quantitative analysis of the various indole alkaloids was performed using UPLC-ESI/MS. DESI-MS images showed that the distribution of ajmalcine, yohimbine, demethyl serpentine and mitoridine are largely localized in the fruit coat while that for ajmaline is restricted to mesocarp of the fruit. At a whole plant level, the ESI-MS intensities of many of the ions were highest in the roots and lesser in the shoot region. Within the root tissue, except sarpagine and ajmalcine, all other indole alkaloids occurred in the epidermal and cortex tissues. In leaves, only serpentine, ajmalcine, reserpiline and yohimbine were present. Serpentine was restricted to the petiolar region of leaves. Principal component analysis based on the presence of the indole alkaloids, clearly separated the four tissues (stem, leaves, root and fruits) into distinct clusters. In summary, the DESI-MSI results indicated a clear tissue localization of the various indole alkaloids, in fruits, leaves and roots of R. tetraphylla. While it is not clear of how such localization is attained, we discuss the possible pathways of indole alkaloid biosynthesis and translocation during fruit and seedling development in R. tetraphylla. We also briefly discuss the functional significance of the spatial patterns in distribution of metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Mohana Kumara
- DST Unit of Nanoscience and Thematic Unit of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India; Center for Ayurveda Biology and Holistic Nutrition, The University of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology (TDU), Bengaluru, 560064, India.
| | - R Uma Shaanker
- School of Ecology and Conservation, Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru, 560065, India
| | - T Pradeep
- DST Unit of Nanoscience and Thematic Unit of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India.
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de Almeida VL, Silva CG, Silva AF, Campana PRV, Foubert K, Lopes JCD, Pieters L. Aspidosperma species: A review of their chemistry and biological activities. J Ethnopharmacol 2019; 231:125-140. [PMID: 30395977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Species of Aspidosperma are known popularly as "peroba, guatambu, carapanaúba, pau-pereiro" and "quina". The genus can be found in the Americas, mainly between Mexico and Argentina. Many species of Aspidosperma are used by the population in treating cardiovascular diseases, malaria, fever, diabetes and rheumatism. The phytochemical aspects of the species of the genus Aspidosperma have been studied extensively. The monoterpene indole alkaloids are the main secondary metabolites in Aspidosperma species, and about 250 of them have been isolated showing a considerable structural diversity. Several of them have showed some important pharmacological activities. Aspidosperma subincanum Mart. and Aspidosperma tomentosum Mart. (Apocynaceae) are Brazilian species widely used by the population to treat diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia. The pharmacological activities of both species have been investigated and the biological properties described can be related to their isolated indole alkaloids. However, more pharmacological studies are needed in order to justify the use of these species in folk medicine. In this review, we present reports mainly focused on chemical and biological studies and their relationship with the ethnopharmacological use of both Aspidosperma species. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this review is to present their ethnopharmacological use as correlated to their biological activities as described for the extracts and isolated compounds from Aspidosperma subincanum Mart. and Aspidosperma tomentosum Mart. In addition, some aspects related to the biosynthetic pathways are discussed, also NMR assignments and some synthesis information about indole alkaloids from both Aspidosperma species are included. MATERIAL AND METHODS The bibliographic search was made in theses and dissertations using some databases such as NDLTD (Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations), OATD (Open Access Theses and Dissertations) and Google Scholar. More data were gathered from books, Brazilian journals and articles available on electronic databases such as, Google Scholar, PubChem, Scifinder, Web of Science, SciELO, PubMed and Science Direct. Additionally, the Google Patents and Espacenet Patent Search (EPO) were also consulted. The keywords Aspidosperma, A. subincanum, A. tomentosum, indole alkaloids were used in the research. The languages were restricted to Portuguese, English and Spanish and references were selected according to their relevance. RESULTS A. subincanum Mart. and A. tomentosum Mart. (Apocynaceae) are Brazilian species widely used by the population to treat a few diseases. Extracts and isolated compounds of both species have shown antitumor and antimalarial activities. The antitumor activity of isolated compounds has been extensively studied. However, the antiplasmodial activity needs to be investigated further as well as the anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperlipidemic and anorexigenic activities. From A. subincanum twenty-one indole alkaloids were isolated and some of them have been extensively studied. From the leaves and bark of A. tomentosum four alkaloids and one flavonoid were isolated. Furthermore, CG-MS analysis of seeds, branches, leaves and arils identified nine indole alkaloids. Stemmadenine has been proposed as a precursor of indole alkaloids obtained from some species of Aspidosperma. Many of the biosynthetic steps have been characterized at the enzymatic level and appropriate genes have been identified, however, other steps have yet to be investigated and they are still controversial. Some isolated alkaloids from A. subincanum and A. tomentosum were identified only by mass spectrometry. In many cases, their NMR data was either not available or was incomplete. The described meta-analysis of the available NMR data revealed that the chemical shifts belonging to the indole ring might be used to characterize this class of alkaloids within complex matrices such as plant extracts. The biological activities and the structural complexity of these compounds have stimulated the interest of many groups into their synthesis. In this review, some information about the synthesis of indole alkaloids and their derivatives was presented. CONCLUSIONS A. subincanum and A. tomentosum are used by the population of Brazil to treat many diseases. A few biological activities described for the extracts and isolated compounds of both species are in agreement with the ethnopharmacological use for others species of Aspidosperma, such as, antimalarial, the treatment of diabetes and other illnesses. These species are sources of leading compounds which can be used for developing new drugs. In addition, other biological activities reported and suggested by ethnopharmacological data have yet to be investigated and could be an interesting area in the search for new bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Lúcia de Almeida
- Serviço de Fitoquímica e Prospecção Farmacêutica, Divisão de Ciência e Inovação, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Gontijo Silva
- Serviço de Fitoquímica e Prospecção Farmacêutica, Divisão de Ciência e Inovação, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Andréia Fonseca Silva
- Herbário PAMG, Departamento de Pesquisa, Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Kenn Foubert
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Júlio César Dias Lopes
- Chemoinformatics group (NEQUIM), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luc Pieters
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
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Mason JD, Weinreb SM. The Alstoscholarisine Alkaloids: Isolation, Structure Determination, Biogenesis, Biological Evaluation, and Synthesis. Alkaloids Chem Biol 2018; 81:115-150. [PMID: 30685049 DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The alstoscholarisines are a small family of biologically and structurally interesting polycyclic monoterpenoid indole alkaloids isolated from the leaf extracts of Alstonia scholaris. The alkaloids can be divided into three different subtypes based upon their structures and putative biogenesis: (1) (-)-alstoscholarisines A-E, (2) (+)-alstoscholarisine G, and (3) (+)-alstoscholarisines H-J. This review discusses the isolation, structure determination, biological activity, and proposed biosynthesis of these metabolites. In addition, synthetic studies on the alkaloids are described including total syntheses of racemic alstoscholarisines A-E, a total synthesis of (-)-alstoscholarisine A, and a synthesis of racemic alstoscholarisine H.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy D Mason
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Steven M Weinreb
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States.
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50
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Zhao YL, Yang ZF, Shang JH, Huang WY, Wang B, Wei X, Khan A, Yuan ZW, Liu YP, Wang YF, Wang XH, Luo XD. Effects of indole alkaloids from leaf of Alstonia scholaris on post-infectious cough in mice. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 218:69-75. [PMID: 29496577 PMCID: PMC7126965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Leaf of Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. (Apocynaceae), a wide used ethic-medicine in many Asia and Africa counties, has also been recorded as the common traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of illnesses in respiratory system by Dai people. AIM OF THE STUDY To provide experimental data of clinical adaption of total indole alkaloids (TA) from leaf of A. scholaris for treating post-infectious cough in phase II clinical trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS To model post-infectious cough, all animals except control group were instilled intra-tracheal with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (80 μg/50 µL/mouse), followed by subsequent exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) for 30 min per day for a total of 30 days. Mice were orally given TA at dose of 10, 25, 50 mg/kg, and four main alkaloids (Sch: scholaricine, Epi: 19-epischolaricine, Val: vallesamine, Pic: picrinine) once daily. Cellular infiltration was assessed in the broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the serum was determined, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the serum and homogenate were examined. Finally, histopathological examination in the lungs was assessed by H. E. staining. RESULTS After administration of TA and four major alkaloids respectively, the symptoms of cough in mice were obviously attenuated. Total white blood cells (WBC) and neutrophils (NEU) amounts in BALF were reduced obviously and the pathological damage of lung was also attenuated. There was also significant reduction in IL-6, CRP, MDA and a marked improvement in SOD. CONCLUSIONS The efficacy of indole alkaloids against post-infectious cough (PIC) was shown in the down-regulation of inflammatory cells, cytokines, and the balance of antioxidants. What's more, the pharmacological effects of TA were better than single indole alkaloid, which might be related to the synergic effect of four major alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Zi-Feng Yang
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Jian-Hua Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Wan-Yi Huang
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Bei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Afsar Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; Department of Chemistry, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Zhi-Wei Yuan
- Second Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Ya-Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yi-Fen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xin-Hua Wang
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.
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