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Triglia D, Gogan KM, Keane J, O’Sullivan MP. Glucose metabolism and its role in the maturation and migration of human CD1c + dendritic cells following exposure to BCG. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1113744. [PMID: 37475964 PMCID: PMC10354370 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1113744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Tuberculosis (TB) still kills over 1 million people annually. The only approved vaccine, BCG, prevents disseminated disease in children but shows low efficacy at preventing pulmonary TB. Myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) are promising targets for vaccines and immunotherapies to combat infectious diseases due to their essential role in linking innate and adaptive immune responses. DCs undergo metabolic reprogramming following exposure to TLR agonists, which is thought to be a prerequisite for a successful host response to infection. We hypothesized that metabolic rewiring also plays a vital role in the maturation and migration of DCs stimulated with BCG. Consequently, we investigated the role of glycolysis in the activation of primary human myeloid CD1c+ DCs in response to BCG. Methods/results We show that CD1c+ mDC mature and acquire a more energetic phenotype upon challenge with BCG. Pharmacological inhibition of glycolysis with 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) decreased cytokine secretion and altered cell surface expression of both CD40 and CCR7 on BCG-challenged, compared to untreated, mDCs. Furthermore, inhibition of glycolysis had differential effects on infected and uninfected bystander mDCs in BCG-challenged cultures. For example, CCR7 expression was increased by 2-DG treatment following challenge with BCG and this increase in expression was seen only in BCG-infected mDCs. Moreover, although 2-DG treatment inhibited CCR7-mediated migration of bystander CD1C+ DCs in a transwell assay, migration of BCG-infected cells proceeded independently of glycolysis. Discussion Our results provide the first evidence that glycolysis plays divergent roles in the maturation and migration of human CD1c+ mDC exposed to BCG, segregating with infection status. Further investigation of cellular metabolism in DC subsets will be required to determine whether glycolysis can be targeted to elicit better protective immunity against Mtb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Triglia
- TB Immunology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Karl M. Gogan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, St James Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joseph Keane
- TB Immunology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, St James Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mary P. O’Sullivan
- TB Immunology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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2
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Cui Y, Tang Y, Shao M, Zang X, Jiang Y, Cui Z, Dang G, Liu S. Mycobacterium tuberculosis protease Rv3090 is associated with late cell apoptosis and participates in organ injuries and mycobacterial dissemination in mice. Microb Pathog 2022; 173:105880. [PMID: 36402348 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Mtb can overcome macrophage intracellular killing and lead to persistent infections. The proteases of Mtb are critical virulence factors that participate in immune responses. We determined that Rv3090 is a cell wall-associated protease and a potential pathogenic factor. To characterize the role of Rv3090 in Mtb, recombinant Msg_Rv3090 and Msg_pAIN strains were constructed to infect macrophages and mice. Lactate dehydrogenase assays and flow cytometry results showed that Rv3090 induces late macrophage apoptosis. In vivo infection experiments indicated that Rv3090 could induce hepatocyte and lung cell apoptosis and cause pathological damage to the spleen, livers and lungs. Msg_Rv3090 specifically stimulated the secretion of inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. Overexpression of Rv3090 significantly promoted the survival of Msg in livers and lungs. Thus, Rv3090 protease triggered late cell apoptosis and contributed to the pathogenicity and dissemination of Mtb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NO.678, Haping Street, Harbin, 150069, PR China
| | - Yangyang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NO.678, Haping Street, Harbin, 150069, PR China
| | - Mingzhu Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NO.678, Haping Street, Harbin, 150069, PR China
| | - Xinxin Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NO.678, Haping Street, Harbin, 150069, PR China
| | - Yanyan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NO.678, Haping Street, Harbin, 150069, PR China
| | - Ziyin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NO.678, Haping Street, Harbin, 150069, PR China
| | - Guanghui Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NO.678, Haping Street, Harbin, 150069, PR China.
| | - Siguo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NO.678, Haping Street, Harbin, 150069, PR China.
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3
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Enriquez AB, Sia JK, Dkhar HK, Goh SL, Quezada M, Stallings KL, Rengarajan J. Mycobacterium tuberculosis impedes CD40-dependent notch signaling to restrict Th17 polarization during infection. iScience 2022; 25:104305. [PMID: 35586066 PMCID: PMC9108765 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Early Th17 responses are necessary to provide protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Mtb impedes Th17 polarization by restricting CD40 co-stimulatory pathway on dendritic cells (DCs). We previously demonstrated that engaging CD40 on DCs increased Th17 responses. However, the molecular mechanisms that contributed to Th17 polarization were unknown. Here, we identify the Notch ligand DLL4 as necessary for Th17 polarization and demonstrate that Mtb limits DLL4 on DCs to prevent optimal Th17 responses. Although Mtb infection induced only low levels of DLL4, engaging CD40 on DCs increased DLL4 expression. Antibody blockade of DLL4 on DCs reduced Th17 polarization in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we show that the Mtb Hip1 protease attenuates DLL4 expression on lung DCs by impeding CD40 signaling. Overall, our results demonstrate that Mtb impedes CD40-dependent DLL4 expression to restrict Th17 responses and identify the CD40-DLL4 pathways as targets for developing new Th17-inducing vaccines and adjuvants for tuberculosis. Mtb restricts Th17 responses by impairing CD40 signaling on dendritic cells Engaging CD40 on DCs increases Notch ligand Dll4 transcript and surface expression DLL4 is necessary for polarizing Th17 and multifunctional T cells in the lungs of mice Mtb impairs CD40/DLL4 pathway through the Hip1 serine protease immune evasion protein
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Beatriz Enriquez
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Jonathan Kevin Sia
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Hedwin Kitdorlang Dkhar
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Shu Ling Goh
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Melanie Quezada
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | | | - Jyothi Rengarajan
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Corresponding author
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4
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Yu F, Zhu X, Li Q, Xu W, Gao Y, Wen Y, Zhang Q, Dou J. Elevated IL-35 level and iTr35 subset increase the bacterial burden and lung lesions in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected mice. Open Life Sci 2022; 17:312-320. [PMID: 35434368 PMCID: PMC8974395 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between interleukin (IL)-35 level and IL-35-producing regulatory T cells (iTr35 subset) in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-infected mice. After the mice were injected with Mtb strain H37R via tail vein, the bacterial burden, lung lesions, and the impact of immune suppression on the infected mice were respectively assessed. The results, when compared with the control mice, showed that the mRNA expression levels of the p35 and Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 3 of IL-35 were significantly increased in the Mtb-infected mouse spleen at 4 or 8 weeks post-infection and their protein expression levels were concurrently increased in the lungs of the mice, especially in 8 week infected mice. In addition, the levels of serum IL-35 and the iTr35 subset in the spleen of mice were also increased in 4 or 8 weeks post-infection compared with the control mice. Importantly, the high bacterial burden and lung lesions and the low mouse weight were found at 8 week post-infection. Therefore, the mice infected with Mtb resulted in elevating IL-35 level and iTr35 subset and increasing bacterial burden and lung lesions. The findings from the study suggest IL-35 and iTr35 cells may exert an immune suppression role in chronic Mtb-infected mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangliu Yu
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College , Wuhu 241001 , PR China
| | - Xinying Zhu
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College , Wuhu 241001 , PR China
| | - Qingdeng Li
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College , Wuhu 241001 , PR China
| | - Wenqin Xu
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College , Wuhu 241001 , PR China
| | - Yunxing Gao
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College , Wuhu 241001 , PR China
| | - Yufeng Wen
- School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College , Wuhu 241001 , PR China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Center of Disease Control and Prevention , Wuhu , Anhui, 241001 , PR China
| | - Jun Dou
- Departments of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University , 87 Ding Jiaqiao Rd. , Nanjing 210009 , PR China
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5
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Enriquez AB, Izzo A, Miller SM, Stewart EL, Mahon RN, Frank DJ, Evans JT, Rengarajan J, Triccas JA. Advancing Adjuvants for Mycobacterium tuberculosis Therapeutics. Front Immunol 2021; 12:740117. [PMID: 34759923 PMCID: PMC8572789 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.740117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide due to a single infectious disease agent. BCG, the only licensed vaccine against TB, offers limited protection against pulmonary disease in children and adults. TB vaccine research has recently been reinvigorated by new data suggesting alternative administration of BCG induces protection and a subunit/adjuvant vaccine that provides close to 50% protection. These results demonstrate the need for generating adjuvants in order to develop the next generation of TB vaccines. However, development of TB-targeted adjuvants is lacking. To help meet this need, NIAID convened a workshop in 2020 titled “Advancing Vaccine Adjuvants for Mycobacterium tuberculosis Therapeutics”. In this review, we present the four areas identified in the workshop as necessary for advancing TB adjuvants: 1) correlates of protective immunity, 2) targeting specific immune cells, 3) immune evasion mechanisms, and 4) animal models. We will discuss each of these four areas in detail and summarize what is known and what we can advance on in order to help develop more efficacious TB vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana B Enriquez
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Angelo Izzo
- Tuberculosis Research Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shannon M Miller
- Center for Translational Medicine, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States.,Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
| | - Erica L Stewart
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Robert N Mahon
- Division of AIDS, Columbus Technologies & Services Inc., Contractor to National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Daniel J Frank
- Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jay T Evans
- Center for Translational Medicine, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States.,Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
| | - Jyothi Rengarajan
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - James A Triccas
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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6
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The double-sided effects of Mycobacterium Bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine. NPJ Vaccines 2021; 6:14. [PMID: 33495451 PMCID: PMC7835355 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-020-00278-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), the only vaccine proven to be effective against tuberculosis (TB), is the most commonly used vaccine globally. In addition to its effects on mycobacterial diseases, an increasing amount of epidemiological and experimental evidence accumulated since its introduction in 1921 has shown that BCG also exerts non-specific effects against a number of diseases, such as non-mycobacterial infections, allergies and certain malignancies. Recent Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has put BCG, a classic vaccine with significant non-specific protection, into the spotlight again. This literature review briefly covers the diverse facets of BCG vaccine, providing new perspectives in terms of specific and non-specific protection mechanisms of this old, multifaceted, and controversial vaccine.
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7
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Sharma AR, Batra G, Kumar M, Mishra A, Singla R, Singh A, Singh RS, Medhi B. BCG as a game-changer to prevent the infection and severity of COVID-19 pandemic? Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2020; 48:507-517. [PMID: 32653224 PMCID: PMC7332934 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The impact of COVID-19 is changing with country wise and depend on universal immunization policies. COVID-19 badly affects countries that did not have universal immunization policies or having them only for the selective population of countries (highly prominent population) like Italy, USA, UK, Netherland, etc. Universal immunization of BCG can provide great protection against the COVID-19 infection because the BCG vaccine gives broad protection against respiratory infections. BCG vaccine induces expressions of the gene that are involved in the antiviral innate immune response against viral infections with long-term maintenance of BCG vaccine-induced cellular immunity. COVID-19 cases are reported very much less in the countries with universal BCG vaccination policies such as India, Afghanistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Israel, Japan, etc. as compared to without BCG implemented countries such as the USA, Italy, Spain, Canada, UK, etc. BCG vaccine provides protection for 50–60 years of immunization, so the elderly population needs to be revaccinated with BCG. Several countries started clinical trials of the BCG vaccine for health care workers and elderly people. BCG can be uses as a prophylactic treatment until the availability of the COVID-19 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Sharma
- Post Graduate Institute for Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India; Department of Neurology, India
| | - G Batra
- Post Graduate Institute for Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India; Department of Neurology, India
| | - M Kumar
- Post Graduate Institute for Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India; Department of Pharmacology, India
| | - A Mishra
- Post Graduate Institute for Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India; Department of Pharmacology, India
| | - R Singla
- Post Graduate Institute for Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India; Department of Pharmacology, India
| | - A Singh
- Post Graduate Institute for Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India; Department of Pharmacology, India
| | - R S Singh
- Post Graduate Institute for Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India; Department of Pharmacology, India
| | - B Medhi
- Post Graduate Institute for Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India; Department of Pharmacology, India.
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8
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Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious global public health challenge that results in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. TB is caused by infection with the bacilli Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), which has evolved a wide variety of strategies in order to thrive within its host. Understanding the complex interactions between M. tuberculosis and host immunity can inform the rational design of better TB vaccines and therapeutics. This chapter covers innate and adaptive immunity against M. tuberculosis infection, including insights on bacterial immune evasion and subversion garnered from animal models of infection and human studies. In addition, this chapter discusses the immunology of the TB granuloma, TB diagnostics, and TB comorbidities. Finally, this chapter provides a broad overview of the current TB vaccine pipeline.
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Covián C, Fernández-Fierro A, Retamal-Díaz A, Díaz FE, Vasquez AE, Lay MK, Riedel CA, González PA, Bueno SM, Kalergis AM. BCG-Induced Cross-Protection and Development of Trained Immunity: Implication for Vaccine Design. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2806. [PMID: 31849980 PMCID: PMC6896902 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is a live attenuated tuberculosis vaccine that has the ability to induce non-specific cross-protection against pathogens that might be unrelated to the target disease. Vaccination with BCG reduces mortality in newborns and induces an improved innate immune response against microorganisms other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis, such as Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus. Innate immune cells, including monocytes and natural killer (NK) cells, contribute to this non-specific immune protection in a way that is independent of memory T or B cells. This phenomenon associated with a memory-like response in innate immune cells is known as "trained immunity." Epigenetic reprogramming through histone modification in the regulatory elements of particular genes has been reported as one of the mechanisms associated with the induction of trained immunity in both, humans and mice. Indeed, it has been shown that BCG vaccination induces changes in the methylation pattern of histones associated with specific genes in circulating monocytes leading to a "trained" state. Importantly, these modifications can lead to the expression and/or repression of genes that are related to increased protection against secondary infections after vaccination, with improved pathogen recognition and faster inflammatory responses. In this review, we discuss BCG-induced cross-protection and acquisition of trained immunity and potential heterologous effects of recombinant BCG vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Covián
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Recursos Biológicos, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Ayleen Fernández-Fierro
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Angello Retamal-Díaz
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fabián E Díaz
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Abel E Vasquez
- Sección de Biotecnología, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Providencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Margarita K Lay
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Recursos Biológicos, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Claudia A Riedel
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo A González
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Susan M Bueno
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexis M Kalergis
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Endocrinología, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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10
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Domingos-Pereira S, Sathiyanadan K, La Rosa S, Polák L, Chevalier MF, Martel P, Hojeij R, Derré L, Haefliger JA, Jichlinski P, Nardelli-Haefliger D. Intravesical Ty21a Vaccine Promotes Dendritic Cells and T Cell-Mediated Tumor Regression in the MB49 Bladder Cancer Model. Cancer Immunol Res 2019; 7:621-629. [PMID: 30696629 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-18-0671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical data show that intravesical instillation of Ty21a/Vivotif, a commercial vaccine against typhoid fever, is an effective alternative option to standard Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Here, we characterized the inflammatory effects of Ty21a on the bladder and investigated the immune mechanisms underlying tumor regression toward the use of this bacterial vaccine in NMIBC patients. MB49 bladder tumor-bearing mice had significantly improved survival after intravesical instillations of Ty21a doses of 106 to 108 colony-forming units. By IHC and morphology, both BCG and Ty21a instillations were associated with bladder inflammation, which was decreased with the use of low, but effective doses of Ty21a. Flow-cytometry analysis showed a significant infiltration of T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and myeloid cells, compared with controls, after a single dose of Ty21a, whereas this was only observed after multiple doses of BCG. The induced myeloid cells were predominantly neutrophils and Ly6C+CD103+ dendritic cells (DC), the latter being significantly more numerous after instillation of Ty21a than BCG. Ex vivo infection of human leukocytes with Ty21a, but not BCG, similarly significantly increased DC frequency. CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, but not NK cells nor neutrophils, were required for effective bladder tumor regression upon Ty21a treatment. Thus, the generation of antitumor adaptive immunity was identified as a key process underlying Ty21a-mediated treatment efficacy. Altogether, these results demonstrate mechanisms behind intravesical Ty21a therapy and suggest its potential as a safe and effective treatment for NMIBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karthik Sathiyanadan
- Department of Urology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stefano La Rosa
- Service of Clinical Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lenka Polák
- Department of Urology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mathieu F Chevalier
- Department of Urology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paul Martel
- Department of Urology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rim Hojeij
- Department of Urology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Derré
- Department of Urology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Patrice Jichlinski
- Department of Urology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
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