Hami LS, Green C, Leshinsky N, Markham E, Miller K, Craig S. GMP production and testing of Xcellerated T Cells for the treatment of patients with CLL.
Cytotherapy 2005;
6:554-62. [PMID:
15764021 DOI:
10.1080/14653240410005348]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Pre-clinical studies suggest Xcellerated T Cells have the potential to produce a potent anti-tumor effect, restore broad immune function and reduce the risk of infectious complications in patients with CLL. Unlike other cancer settings, T cells constitute only a small fraction of CLL patients' PBMC. To generate large numbers of Xcellerated T Cells of high purity from CLL patients' PBMC, a reproducible, streamlined and cost-effective good manufacturing process (GMP) is required.
METHODS
The 10-L volume Wave Bioreactor-based Xcellerate III Process using Xcyte Dynabeads in a single custom 20-L Cellbag container was adapted, qualified and implemented for GMP operations.
RESULTS
For n=17 CLL patients, starting with approximately 1.34 x 10(9) CD3+ T cells at 6.8+/-7.5% purity in the PBMC leukapheresis products, using the 10-L volume Wave Bioreactor-based Xcellerate III Process, it was feasible to manufacture 137.0+/-34.3 x 10(9) Xcellerated T Cells at 98.5+/-1.0% CD3+ T-cell purity. An average 400-fold clearance of malignant B cells was documented during the manufacturing process. The Xcellerated T Cells produced from the Xcellerate III Process exhibited high in vitro biologic activity and have their T-cell receptor repertoire restored to a normal diversity. In-process T-cell activation was reproducibly robust, as measured by increase in cell size, up-regulation of CD25 and CD154 expression and the secretion of IL-2, IFN-gamma and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha.
DISCUSSION
A low-volume, high-yield bioreactor-based process has been developed, qualified and implemented for the reproducible, GMP manufacture of high purity, biologically active Xcellerated T Cells for the treatment of CLL patients in clinical trials.
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