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Rahimnejad M, Makkar H, Dal-Fabbro R, Malda J, Sriram G, Bottino MC. Biofabrication Strategies for Oral Soft Tissue Regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2304537. [PMID: 38529835 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Gingival recession, a prevalent condition affecting the gum tissues, is characterized by the exposure of tooth root surfaces due to the displacement of the gingival margin. This review explores conventional treatments, highlighting their limitations and the quest for innovative alternatives. Importantly, it emphasizes the critical considerations in gingival tissue engineering leveraging on cells, biomaterials, and signaling factors. Successful tissue-engineered gingival constructs hinge on strategic choices such as cell sources, scaffold design, mechanical properties, and growth factor delivery. Unveiling advancements in recent biofabrication technologies like 3D bioprinting, electrospinning, and microfluidic organ-on-chip systems, this review elucidates their precise control over cell arrangement, biomaterials, and signaling cues. These technologies empower the recapitulation of microphysiological features, enabling the development of gingival constructs that closely emulate the anatomical, physiological, and functional characteristics of native gingival tissues. The review explores diverse engineering strategies aiming at the biofabrication of realistic tissue-engineered gingival grafts. Further, the parallels between the skin and gingival tissues are highlighted, exploring the potential transfer of biofabrication approaches from skin tissue regeneration to gingival tissue engineering. To conclude, the exploration of innovative biofabrication technologies for gingival tissues and inspiration drawn from skin tissue engineering look forward to a transformative era in regenerative dentistry with improved clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Rahimnejad
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Hardik Makkar
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119085, Singapore
| | - Renan Dal-Fabbro
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jos Malda
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584, The Netherlands
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584, The Netherlands
| | - Gopu Sriram
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119085, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Additive Manufacturing (AM.NUS), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
| | - Marco C Bottino
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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Akay S, Yaghmur A. Recent Advances in Antibacterial Coatings to Combat Orthopedic Implant-Associated Infections. Molecules 2024; 29:1172. [PMID: 38474684 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Implant-associated infections (IAIs) represent a major health burden due to the complex structural features of biofilms and their inherent tolerance to antimicrobial agents and the immune system. Thus, the viable options to eradicate biofilms embedded on medical implants are surgical operations and long-term and repeated antibiotic courses. Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in the development of robust and reliable strategies for prevention and treatment of IAIs. In particular, it seems promising to develop materials with anti-biofouling and antibacterial properties for combating IAIs on implants. In this contribution, we exclusively focus on recent advances in the development of modified and functionalized implant surfaces for inhibiting bacterial attachment and eventually biofilm formation on orthopedic implants. Further, we highlight recent progress in the development of antibacterial coatings (including self-assembled nanocoatings) for preventing biofilm formation on orthopedic implants. Among the recently introduced approaches for development of efficient and durable antibacterial coatings, we focus on the use of safe and biocompatible materials with excellent antibacterial activities for local delivery of combinatorial antimicrobial agents for preventing and treating IAIs and overcoming antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seref Akay
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anan Yaghmur
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Hussain B, Simm R, Bueno J, Giannettou S, Naemi AO, Lyngstadaas SP, Haugen HJ. Biofouling on titanium implants: a novel formulation of poloxamer and peroxide for in situ removal of pellicle and multi-species oral biofilm. Regen Biomater 2024; 11:rbae014. [PMID: 38435376 PMCID: PMC10907064 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbae014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Eradicating biofouling from implant surfaces is essential in treating peri-implant infections, as it directly addresses the microbial source for infection and inflammation around dental implants. This controlled laboratory study examines the effectiveness of the four commercially available debridement solutions '(EDTA (Prefgel®), NaOCl (Perisolv®), H2O2 (Sigma-Aldrich) and Chlorhexidine (GUM® Paroex®))' in removing the acquired pellicle, preventing pellicle re-formation and removing of a multi-species oral biofilm growing on a titanium implant surface, and compare the results with the effect of a novel formulation of a peroxide-activated 'Poloxamer gel (Nubone® Clean)'. Evaluation of pellicle removal and re-formation was conducted using scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to assess the surface morphology, elemental composition and chemical surface composition. Hydrophilicity was assessed through contact angle measurements. The multi-species biofilm model included Streptococcus oralis, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, reflecting the natural oral microbiome's complexity. Biofilm biomass was quantified using safranin staining, biofilm viability was evaluated using confocal laser scanning microscopy, and SEM was used for morphological analyses of the biofilm. Results indicated that while no single agent completely eradicated the biofilm, the 'Poloxamer gel' activated with 'H2O2' exhibited promising results. It minimized re-contamination of the pellicle by significantly lowering the contact angle, indicating enhanced hydrophilicity. This combination also showed a notable reduction in carbon contaminants, suggesting the effective removal of organic residues from the titanium surface, in addition to effectively reducing viable bacterial counts. In conclusion, the 'Poloxamer gel + H2O2' combination emerged as a promising chemical decontamination strategy for peri-implant diseases. It underlines the importance of tailoring treatment methods to the unique microbial challenges in peri-implant diseases and the necessity of combining chemical decontaminating strategies with established mechanical cleaning procedures for optimal management of peri-implant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badra Hussain
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Roger Simm
- Institute of Oral Biology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jaime Bueno
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Section of the Postgraduate program in Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University, Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Savvas Giannettou
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Håvard Jostein Haugen
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Mishra G, Kharbanda OP, Chaudhry R, Duggal R. A pattern of microbiological colonization of orthodontic miniscrew implants. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2023; 164:554-566. [PMID: 37204351 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2023.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Current orthodontic literature reveals a lack of studies on bacterial colonization of orthodontic miniscrew implants (MSI) and their role in the stability of MSI. This study aimed to determine the pattern of microbiological colonization of miniscrew implants in 2 major age groups, to compare it with the microbial flora of gingival sulci in the same group of patients and to compare microbial flora in successful and failed miniscrews. METHODS The study involved 102 MSI placed in 32 orthodontic subjects in 2 age groups: (1) aged ≤14 years and (2) aged >14 years. Gingival and peri-mini implant crevicular fluid samples were collected using sterile paper points (International Organization for Standardization no. 35) >3 months and processed by conventional microbiologic culture and biochemical techniques. A microbiologist characterized and identified the bacteria, and the results were subjected to statistical analysis. RESULTS Initial colonization was reported within 24 hours, with Streptococci being the dominant colonizer. The relative proportion of anaerobic bacteria over aerobic bacteria increased over time in peri-mini implant crevicular fluid. Group 1 had greater Citrobacter (P = 0.036) and Parvimonas micra (P = 0.016) colonizing MSI than group 2. Failed MSI showed a significantly higher presence of Parvimonas micra (P = 0.008) in group 1 and Staphylococci (P = 0.008), Enterococci (P = 0.011), and Parvimonas micra (P <0.001) in group 2. CONCLUSIONS Microbial colonization around MSI is established within 24 hours. Compared to gingival crevicular fluid, peri-mini implant crevicular fluid is colonized by a higher proportion of Staphylococci, facultative enteric commensals and anaerobic cocci. The failed miniscrews showed a higher proportion of Staphylococci, Enterobacter, and Parvimonas micra, suggesting their possible role in the stability of MSI. The bacterial profile of MSI varies with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyanda Mishra
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Deformities, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Om Prakash Kharbanda
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Deformities, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Rama Chaudhry
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ritu Duggal
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Deformities, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Wang Z, Li B, Cai Q, Li X, Yin Z, Li B, Li Z, Meng W. Advances and Prospects in Antibacterial-Osteogenic Multifunctional Dental Implant Surface. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:921338. [PMID: 35685091 PMCID: PMC9171039 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.921338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, dental implantation has become the preferred protocol for restoring dentition defects. Being the direct contact between implant and bone interface, osseointegration is the basis for implant exerting physiological functions. Nevertheless, biological complications such as insufficient bone volume, poor osseointegration, and postoperative infection can lead to implant failure. Emerging antibacterial-osteogenic multifunctional implant surfaces were designed to make up for these shortcomings both during the stage of forming osseointegration and in the long term of supporting the superstructure. In this mini-review, we summarized the recent antibacterial-osteogenic modifications of the dental implant surface. The effects of these modifications on biological performance like soft tissue integration, bone osteogenesis, and immune response were discussed. In addition, the clinical findings and prospects of emerging antibacterial-osteogenic implant materials were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Wang
- Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering, Changchun, China
| | - Baosheng Li
- Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qing Cai
- Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhaoyi Yin
- Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Birong Li
- Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Weiyan Meng
- Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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