1
|
Grossmann L. Sustainable media feedstocks for cellular agriculture. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 73:108367. [PMID: 38679340 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2024.108367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The global food system is shifting towards cellular agriculture, a second domestication marked by cultivating microorganisms and tissues for sustainable food production. This involves tissue engineering, precision fermentation, and microbial biomass fermentation to establish food value chains independent of traditional agriculture. However, these techniques rely on growth media sourced from agricultural, chemical (fossil fuels), and mining supply chains, raising concerns about land use competition, emissions, and resource depletion. Fermentable sugars, nitrogen, and phosphates are key ingredients derived from starch crops, energy-intensive fossil fuel based processes, and finite phosphorus resources, respectively. This review explores sustainable alternatives to reduce land use and emissions associated with cellular agriculture media ingredients. Sustainable alternatives to first generation sugars (lignocellulosic substrates, sidestreams, and gaseous feedstocks), sustainable nitrogen sources (sidestreams, green ammonia, biological nitrogen fixation), and efficient use of phosphates are reviewed. Especially cellulosic sugars, gaseous chemoautotrophic feedstocks, green ammonia, and phosphate recycling are the most promising technologies but economic constraints hinder large-scale adoption, necessitating more efficient processes and cost reduction. Collaborative efforts are vital for a biotechnological future grounded in sustainable feedstocks, mitigating competition with agricultural land and emissions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lutz Grossmann
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang C, Wu X, Chen J, Zhou J. Novel fungal alternative proteins from Penicillium limosum for enhancing structural and functional properties of plant-based meat analogues. Food Chem 2024; 444:138627. [PMID: 38330605 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Fungal proteins are excellent novel protein resources due to their high nutritional value and biological activity. In this study, a non-toxic strain of Penicillium limosum with a high biomass yield, protein, and essential amino acid contents, was isolated from wheat Qu (solid-state fermentation starter culture). Pea protein isolate (PPI) and P. limosum mycelial protein powder were extruded to prepare high-moisture meat analogues (HMMA), and their structural and functional properties were evaluated. Compared with 100% PPI, the addition of 5% mycoprotein enhanced the viscosity, gelling properties, chewiness, fibrous degree and in vitro protein digestibility (68.65%) of HMMA. Protein aggregates formed during high temperature extrusion, which increased the oil absorption capacity of HMMA (5% MY substitution). Conversely, their water absorption capacity indices were reduced by 5%. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the functional application of novel fungal alternative proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changtai Zhang
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu Y, Aimutis WR, Drake M. Dairy, Plant, and Novel Proteins: Scientific and Technological Aspects. Foods 2024; 13:1010. [PMID: 38611316 PMCID: PMC11011482 DOI: 10.3390/foods13071010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Alternative proteins have gained popularity as consumers look for foods that are healthy, nutritious, and sustainable. Plant proteins, precision fermentation-derived proteins, cell-cultured proteins, algal proteins, and mycoproteins are the major types of alternative proteins that have emerged in recent years. This review addresses the major alternative-protein categories and reviews their definitions, current market statuses, production methods, and regulations in different countries, safety assessments, nutrition statuses, functionalities and applications, and, finally, sensory properties and consumer perception. Knowledge relative to traditional dairy proteins is also addressed. Opportunities and challenges associated with these proteins are also discussed. Future research directions are proposed to better understand these technologies and to develop consumer-acceptable final products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaozheng Liu
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; (Y.L.); (W.R.A.)
| | - William R. Aimutis
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; (Y.L.); (W.R.A.)
- North Carolina Food Innovation Lab, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - MaryAnne Drake
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; (Y.L.); (W.R.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hashempour‐Baltork F, Jannat B, Dadgarnejad M, Mirza Alizadeh A, Khosravi‐Darani K, Hosseini H. Mycoprotein as chicken meat substitute in nugget formulation: Physicochemical and sensorial characterization. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:4289-4295. [PMID: 37457149 PMCID: PMC10345705 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to replace chicken breast by mycoprotein in nuggets and optimizing the sensory and technological properties. In the first step of the study, 14 formulations were prepared by mixture design to evaluate the impact of three binding agents (as independent variables): soy protein isolate, phosphate, and carrageenan on sensory properties. Then, the optimized formulation of mycoprotein nugget (with higher acceptability) was characterized and compared to chicken nugget (control) from texture, color, and physicochemical aspects. The texture attributes including hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, and chewiness of the optimized sample (1.37 kg, 0.70 mm, 0.56, and 0.53 kg.mm) had no significant difference (p > .05) compared to control. Based on the results, optimized sample had a lower lightness and yellowness (a*, b*, and L* were 3.06, 18.62, and 59.23, respectively) rather than the similar value of the control (2.20, 21.27, and 79.10, respectively), which indicated carrageenan did not lead to any significant impact (p > .05) on the color. Also, mycoprotein nugget showed 33% lower cooking loss in comparison to control. Moisture, protein, lipid, and ash in optimized sample were 57.9 ± 1.9, 24.1 ± 1.0, 13.2 ± 1.2, and 2.1 ± 0.5, respectively. Investigation on physicochemical properties shows an acceptable characterization in optimized sample in comparison to control. The results of this study present an opportunity to produce nonmeat nuggets with similar texture and acceptable sensory and technological characteristics by using mycoprotein as meat alternative. The production of mycoprotein is eco-friendly, not dependent on climate (flood and drought) and landscape limitation, which is an important aspect in meat alternatives in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fataneh Hashempour‐Baltork
- Halal Research Center of IRI, Iran Food and Drug AdministrationMinistry of Health and Medical EducationTehranIran
| | - Behrooz Jannat
- Halal Research Center of IRI, Iran Food and Drug AdministrationMinistry of Health and Medical EducationTehranIran
| | - Manouchehr Dadgarnejad
- Halal Research Center of IRI, Iran Food and Drug AdministrationMinistry of Health and Medical EducationTehranIran
| | - Adel Mirza Alizadeh
- Department of Food Safety and Hygiene, School of Public HealthZanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjanIran
| | - Kianoush Khosravi‐Darani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research InstituteShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Hedayat Hosseini
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research InstituteShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kobayashi Y, El-Wali M, Guðmundsson H, Guðmundsdóttir EE, Friðjónsson ÓH, Karlsson EN, Roitto M, Tuomisto HL. Life-cycle assessment of yeast-based single-cell protein production with oat processing side-stream. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 873:162318. [PMID: 36805067 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Production of fish meal and plant-based feed proteins continues to increase to meet the growing demand for seafood, leading to impacts on marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Microbial proteins such as single-cell proteins (SCPs) have been introduced as feed alternatives since they can replace current fish feed ingredients, e.g., soybean, which are associated with negative environmental impacts. Microbial protein production also enables utilization of grain processing side-streams as feedstock sources. This study assesses the environmental impacts of yeast-based SCP using oat side-stream as feedstock (OS-SCP). Life-cycle assessment with a cradle-to-gate approach was used to quantify global warming, freshwater eutrophication, marine eutrophication, terrestrial acidification, land use, and water consumption of OS-SCP production in Finland. Dried and wet side-streams of oat were compared with each other to identify differences in energy consumption and transportation effects. Sensitivity analysis was performed to examine the difference in impacts at various locations and fermentation times. Benchmarking was used to evaluate the environmental impacts of OS-SCP and other feed products, including both conventional and novel protein products. Results highlight the importance of energy sources in quantifying the environmental performance of OS-SCP production. OS-SCP produced with dried side-streams resulted in higher global warming (16.3 %) and water consumption (7.5 %) than OS-SCP produced from wet side-streams, reflecting the energy and water requirements for the drying process. Compared with conventional products, such as soy protein concentrates, OS-SCP resulted in 61 % less land use, while exacerbating the environmental impacts in all the other categories. OS-SCP had more impact on global warming (205-754 %), water consumption (166-1401 %), freshwater eutrophication (118-333 %), and terrestrial acidification (85-340 %) than other novel products, including yeast protein concentrate, methanotrophic bacterial SCP, and insect meal, while lowering global warming (11 %) and freshwater eutrophication (20 %) compared with dry microalgae biomass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Kobayashi
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, 27, 00014, University of Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), 4, 00014, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mohammad El-Wali
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, 27, 00014, University of Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), 4, 00014, University of Helsinki, Finland.
| | | | | | | | | | - Marja Roitto
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, 27, 00014, University of Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), 4, 00014, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna L Tuomisto
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, 27, 00014, University of Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), 4, 00014, University of Helsinki, Finland; Natural Resources Institute Finland, 2, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ayimbila F, Keawsompong S. Nutritional Quality and Biological Application of Mushroom Protein as a Novel Protein Alternative. Curr Nutr Rep 2023:10.1007/s13668-023-00468-x. [PMID: 37032416 PMCID: PMC10088739 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-023-00468-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Global concerns about population growth, economic, and nutritional transitions and health have led to the search for a low-cost protein alternative to animal origins. This review provides an overview of the viability of exploring mushroom protein as a future protein alternative considering the nutritional value, quality, digestibility, and biological benefits. RECENT FINDINGS Plant proteins are commonly used as alternatives to animal proteins, but the majority of them are low in quality due to a lack of one or more essential amino acids. Edible mushroom proteins usually have a complete essential amino acid profile, meet dietary requirements, and provide economic advantages over animal and plant sources. Mushroom proteins may provide health advantages by eliciting antioxidant, antitumor, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), inhibitory and antimicrobial properties over animal proteins. Protein concentrates, hydrolysates, and peptides from mushrooms are being used to improve human health. Also, edible mushrooms can be used to fortify traditional food to increase protein value and functional qualities. These characteristics highlight mushroom proteins as inexpensive, high-quality proteins that can be used as a meat alternative, as pharmaceuticals, and as treatments to alleviate malnutrition. Edible mushroom proteins are high in quality, low in cost, widely available, and meet environmental and social requirements, making them suitable as sustainable alternative proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francis Ayimbila
- Specialized Research Units: Prebiotics and Probiotics for Health, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
- Center for Advanced Studies for Agriculture and Food, KU Institute of Advanced Studies, Kasetsart University (CASAF, NRU-KU), Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Suttipun Keawsompong
- Specialized Research Units: Prebiotics and Probiotics for Health, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
- Center for Advanced Studies for Agriculture and Food, KU Institute of Advanced Studies, Kasetsart University (CASAF, NRU-KU), Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang K, Zang M, Wang S, Zhang Z, Li D, Li X. Development of meat analogs: Focus on the current status and challenges of regulatory legislation. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:1006-1029. [PMID: 36582054 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Population growth and the rising enthusiasm for meat consumption in developing countries have increased the global demand for animal protein. The limited increase in traditional meat production, which results in high resource consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and zoonotic diseases, has affected the sustainable supply of meat protein. The technological development and commercialization of meat analogs derived from plant and microbial proteins provide a strategy for solving the abovementioned problems. However, before these innovative foods are marketed, they should comply with regulations and standards to ensure food safety and consumer rights. This review briefly summarizes the global development status and challenges of plant- and fungi-based meat analog products. It focuses on the current status, characteristics, and disputes in the regulations and standards worldwide for plant- and fungi-based meat analogs and proposes suggestions for perfecting the regulatory system from the perspective of ensuring safety and supporting innovation. Although plant- and fungi-based meat analogs have had a history of safe usage as foods for a certain period around the world, the nomenclature and product standards are uncertain, which affects product innovation and global sales. Regulatory authorities should promptly formulate and revise regulations or standards to clarify the naming of meat analogs and product standards, especially the use of animal-derived ingredients and limits of nutrients (e.g., protein, fat, vitamins, and minerals) to continuously introduce start-up products to the market.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaihua Zhang
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing, China
- Beijing Academy of Food Science, Beijing, China
| | - Mingwu Zang
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing, China
- Beijing Academy of Food Science, Beijing, China
| | - Shouwei Wang
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing, China
- Beijing Academy of Food Science, Beijing, China
| | - Zheqi Zhang
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing, China
- Beijing Academy of Food Science, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Li
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing, China
- Beijing Academy of Food Science, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoman Li
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing, China
- Beijing Academy of Food Science, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ribeiro GO, Rodrigues LDAP, dos Santos TBS, Alves JPS, Oliveira RS, Nery TBR, Barbosa JDV, Soares MBP. Innovations and developments in single cell protein: Bibliometric review and patents analysis. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1093464. [PMID: 36741879 PMCID: PMC9897208 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1093464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Global demand for food products derived from alternative proteins and produced through sustainable technological routes is increasing. Evaluation of research progress, main trends and developments in the field are valuable to identify evolutionary nuances. Methods In this study, a bibliometric analysis and search of patents on alternative proteins from fermentation processes was carried out using the Web of Science and Derwent World Patents Index™ databases, using the keywords and Boolean operators "fermentation" AND "single cell protein" OR "single-cell protein." The dataset was processed and graphics generated using the bibliometric software VOSviewer and OriginPro 8.1. Results The analysis performed recovered a total of 360 articles, of which 271 were research articles, 49 literature review articles and 40 publications distributed in different categories, such as reprint, proceedings paper, meeting abstract among others. In addition, 397 patents related to the field were identified, with China being the country with the largest number of publications and patents deposits. While this topic is largely interdisciplinary, the majority of work is in the area of Biotechnology Applied Microbiology, which boasts the largest number of publications. The area with the most patent filings is the food sector, with particular emphasis on the fields of biochemistry, beverages, microbiology, enzymology and genetic engineering. Among these patents, 110 are active, with industries or companies being the largest depositors. Keyword analysis revealed that the area of study involving single cell protein has included investigation into types of microorganisms, fermentation, and substrates (showing a strong trend in the use of agro-industrial by-products) as well as optimization of production processes. Conclusion This bibliometric analysis provided important information, challenges, and trends on this relevant subject.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gislane Oliveira Ribeiro
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Alternative Protein Competence Center, University Center SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Leticia de Alencar Pereira Rodrigues
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Alternative Protein Competence Center, University Center SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil,SENAI Institute of Innovation (ISI) in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil,*Correspondence: Leticia de Alencar Pereira Rodrigues, ✉
| | | | - João Pedro Santos Alves
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Alternative Protein Competence Center, University Center SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Roseane Santos Oliveira
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Alternative Protein Competence Center, University Center SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Barreto Rocha Nery
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Alternative Protein Competence Center, University Center SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Josiane Dantas Viana Barbosa
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Alternative Protein Competence Center, University Center SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil,SENAI Institute of Innovation (ISI) in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Milena Botelho Pereira Soares
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Alternative Protein Competence Center, University Center SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil,SENAI Institute of Innovation (ISI) in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil,Gonçalo Moniz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil,Milena Botelho Pereira Soares,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
This chapter reviews the uses of processed fungal cells as protein-rich foods in substitution to meat. Yeasts, mushrooms, and filamentous fungi have long been part of the human diet, improving the nutritional quality and taste of different foods. Recently, because of the populational growth and environmental impact caused by animal farming, the use of animal-derived protein has been raising concerns in public and scientific debates. Fungal biomass represents a nutritious, safe meat alternative that can help society in the reduction of greenhouse gases emissions and improve public health. Additionally, it provides all essential amino acids and has an interesting fatty acid profile. Current research is involved in finding new strains with improved efficiency, the investigation of new substrates (especially agro-industrial wastes) to reduce the environmental impact, and the development of new formulations to use mycoprotein in different dishes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro F Souza Filho
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Chemical Engineering Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
López-Martínez MI, Miguel M, Garcés-Rimón M. Protein and Sport: Alternative Sources and Strategies for Bioactive and Sustainable Sports Nutrition. Front Nutr 2022; 9:926043. [PMID: 35782926 PMCID: PMC9247391 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.926043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrition and sport play an important role in achieving a healthy lifestyle. In addition to the intake of nutrients derived from the normal diet, some sport disciplines require the consumption of supplements that contribute positively to improved athletic performance. Protein intake is important for many aspects related to health, and current evidence suggests that some athletes require increased amounts of this nutrient. On the other hand, society's demand for more environmentally friendly products, focus on the search for alternative food sources more sustainable. This review aims to summarize the latest research on novel strategies and sources for greener and functional supplementation in sport nutrition. Alternative protein sources such as insects, plants or mycoproteins have proven to be an interesting substrate due to their high added value in terms of bioactivity and sustainability. Protein hydrolysis has proven to be a very useful technology to revalue by-products, such as collagen, by producing bioactive peptides beneficial on athletes performance and sport-related complications. In addition, it has been observed that certain amino acids from plant sources, as citrulline or theanine, can have an ergogenic effect for this target population. Finally, the future perspectives of protein supplementation in sports nutrition are discussed. In summary, protein supplementation in sports nutrition is a very promising field of research, whose future perspective lies with the search for alternatives with greater bioactive potential and more sustainable than conventional sources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel I. López-Martínez
- Departamento de Bioactividad y Análisis de Alimenos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Miguel
- Departamento de Bioactividad y Análisis de Alimenos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Marta Miguel
| | - Marta Garcés-Rimón
- Grupo de Investigación en Biotecnología Alimentaria, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
A review on mycoprotein: History, nutritional composition, production methods, and health benefits. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
12
|
Zhou P, Zhang L, Ding H, Gao X, Chen Y, Li D. Optimization of culture conditions of screened Galactomyces candidum for the production of single cell protein from biogas slurry. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
13
|
The Effect of Probiotics on Various Diseases and their Therapeutic Role: An Update Review. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.15.3.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotic bacteria play a critical and functional role in clinical and nutritional applications. In the present study, the ability of various probiotics and their metabolites in the prevention and treatment of different diseases, infections and disorders was reviewed. The issues that were noticed are included: Fibrocystic, diabetes, acne, colon cancer, cardiovascular, urinary tract infections, atopic eczema syndrome, food allergies and obesity. Enhancement in using drug treatment has led to the appearance of drug-resistance concern, thus probiotics can be a suitable choice. This review focuses on the effect of probiotic bacteria and their metabolites on immune-boosting, prevention and treatment of these diseases. For this purpose, after a short glance at each disease, infection and disorder, the mechanism of probiotic action and recent studies about that disease are reviewed. It could be recommended that probiotics consumption, perhaps from birth to all stages of life, would be effective in the life-long, development of health effects and disease treatments.
Collapse
|
14
|
Szepe KJ, Dyer PS, Johnson RI, Salter AM, Avery SV. Influence of environmental and genetic factors on food protein quality: current knowledge and future directions. Curr Opin Food Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
15
|
Hadi J, Brightwell G. Safety of Alternative Proteins: Technological, Environmental and Regulatory Aspects of Cultured Meat, Plant-Based Meat, Insect Protein and Single-Cell Protein. Foods 2021; 10:1226. [PMID: 34071292 PMCID: PMC8230205 DOI: 10.3390/foods10061226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Food security and environmental issues have become global crises that need transformative solutions. As livestock production is becoming less sustainable, alternative sources of proteins are urgently required. These include cultured meat, plant-based meat, insect protein and single-cell protein. Here, we describe the food safety aspects of these novel protein sources, in terms of their technological backgrounds, environmental impacts and the necessary regulatory framework for future mass-scale production. Briefly, cultured meat grown in fetal bovine serum-based media can be exposed to viruses or infectious prion, in addition to other safety risks associated with the use of genetic engineering. Plant-based meat may contain allergens, anti-nutrients and thermally induced carcinogens. Microbiological risks and allergens are the primary concerns associated with insect protein. Single-cell protein sources are divided into microalgae, fungi and bacteria, all of which have specific food safety risks that include toxins, allergens and high ribonucleic acid (RNA) contents. The environmental impacts of these alternative proteins can mainly be attributed to the production of growth substrates or during cultivation. Legislations related to novel food or genetic modification are the relevant regulatory framework to ensure the safety of alternative proteins. Lastly, additional studies on the food safety aspects of alternative proteins are urgently needed for providing relevant food governing authorities with sufficient data to oversee that the technological progress in this area is balanced with robust safety standards.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Hadi
- AgResearch Ltd., Hopkirk Research Institute, Cnr University Ave and Library Road, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand;
| | - Gale Brightwell
- AgResearch Ltd., Hopkirk Research Institute, Cnr University Ave and Library Road, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand;
- New Zealand Food Safety Science and Research Centre, Massey University Manawatu (Turitea), Tennent Drive, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Valorization and upgrading of the nutritional value of seaweed and seaweed waste using the marine fungi Paradendryphiella salina to produce mycoprotein. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.102135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
17
|
Barros de Medeiros VP, da Costa WKA, da Silva RT, Pimentel TC, Magnani M. Microalgae as source of functional ingredients in new-generation foods: challenges, technological effects, biological activity, and regulatory issues. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:4929-4950. [PMID: 33544001 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1879729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae feasibility as food ingredients or source of nutrients and/or bioactive compounds and their health effects have been widely studied. This review aims to provide an overview of the use of microalgae biomass in food products, the technological effects of its incorporation, and their use as a source of health-promoting bioactive compounds. In addition, it presents the regulatory aspects of commercialization and consumption, and the main trends and market challenges Microalgae have stood out as sources of nutritional compounds (polysaccharides, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and dietary fiber) and biologically active compounds (asthaxanthin, β-carotene, omega-3 fatty acids). The consumption of microalgae biomass proved to have several health effects, such as hypoglycemic activity, gastroprotective and anti-steatotic properties, improvements in neurobehavioral and cognitive dysfunction, and hypolipidemic properties. Its addition to food products can improve the nutritional value, aroma profile, and technological properties, with important alterations on the syneresis of yogurts, meltability in cheeses, overrun values and melting point in ice creams, physical properties and mechanical characteristics in crisps, and texture, cooking and color characteristics in pastas. However, more studies are needed to prove the health effects in humans, expand the market size, reduce the cost of production, and tighter constraints related to regulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Priscila Barros de Medeiros
- Laboratory of Microbial Processes in Foods, Department of Food Engineering, Technology Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Whyara Karoline Almeida da Costa
- Laboratory of Microbial Processes in Foods, Department of Food Engineering, Technology Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Ruthchelly Tavares da Silva
- Laboratory of Microbial Processes in Foods, Department of Food Engineering, Technology Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | | | - Marciane Magnani
- Laboratory of Microbial Processes in Foods, Department of Food Engineering, Technology Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|