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Pannico A, Modarelli GC, Stazi SR, Giaccone M, Romano R, Rouphael Y, Cirillo C. Foliar Nutrition Influences Yield, Nut Quality and Kernel Composition in Hazelnut cv Mortarella. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12112219. [PMID: 37299198 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In hazelnut, foliar nutrition is utilized globally to integrate microelement deficiencies and optimize their assimilation and effects on yield performances. Nevertheless, nut quality and kernel composition can be positively affected by foliar nutrition. Recently, several studies pointed out the need for increasing the sustainability of orchard nutrition by proposing the management of not only micronutrients, but also main components, such as nitrogen, through foliar spraying. In our study, different foliar fertilizers were used to understand the effectiveness of supporting hazelnut productivity and nut and kernel quality. Water was used as a control. Foliar fertilizations affected tree annual vegetative growth, improved kernel weight and decreased the incidence of blanks compared to the control. Differences in fat, protein, and carbohydrate concentration were also found among treatments, with increased fat concentrations and total polyphenols content in fertilized treatments. Foliar fertilization improved the oil composition of the kernels, though fatty acid composition responded differently to nutrients spray. Oleic acid concentration was promoted, while palmitic acid concentration was reduced in fertilized plants compared to control trees. Furthermore, CD and B trees were characterized by an increase in the ratio of unsaturated/saturated fatty acids compared to untreated trees. Finally, foliar spraying improved lipid stability compared to the control due to higher total polyphenol concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Pannico
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Rita Stazi
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Matteo Giaccone
- Institute for Mediterranean Agricultural and Forest Systems, ISAFOM, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Piazzale Enrico Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Raffaele Romano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Youssef Rouphael
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Chiara Cirillo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
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2
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Gonçalves B, Pinto T, Aires A, Morais MC, Bacelar E, Anjos R, Ferreira-Cardoso J, Oliveira I, Vilela A, Cosme F. Composition of Nuts and Their Potential Health Benefits-An Overview. Foods 2023; 12:942. [PMID: 36900459 PMCID: PMC10000569 DOI: 10.3390/foods12050942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The possibility that nut intake may defend human health is an interesting point of view and has been investigated worldwide. Consequently, nuts are commonly promoted as healthy. In recent decades, the number of investigations proposing a correlation between nut consumption and a decrease in the risk of key chronic diseases has continued to increase. Nuts are a source of intake of fiber, and dietary fiber is associated with a reduced occurrence of obesity and cardiovascular diseases. Nuts likewise provide minerals and vitamins to the diet and supply phytochemicals that function as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and phytoestrogens agents and other protective mechanisms. Therefore, the main goal of this overview is to summarize current information and to describe the utmost new investigation concerning the health benefits of certain nuts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berta Gonçalves
- CITAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Inov4Agro, Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-of-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Teresa Pinto
- CITAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Inov4Agro, Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-of-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Alfredo Aires
- CITAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Inov4Agro, Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-of-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Maria Cristina Morais
- CITAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Inov4Agro, Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-of-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Eunice Bacelar
- CITAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Inov4Agro, Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-of-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Rosário Anjos
- CITAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Inov4Agro, Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-of-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Jorge Ferreira-Cardoso
- CITAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Inov4Agro, Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-of-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ivo Oliveira
- CITAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Inov4Agro, Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-of-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Alice Vilela
- CQ-VR, Chemistry Research Centre—Vila Real, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Cosme
- CQ-VR, Chemistry Research Centre—Vila Real, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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3
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Cazzaniga E, Cavallini N, Giraudo A, Gavoci G, Geobaldo F, Pariani M, Ghirardello D, Zeppa G, Savorani F. Lipids in a Nutshell: Quick Determination of Lipid Content in Hazelnuts with NIR Spectroscopy. Foods 2022; 12:foods12010034. [PMID: 36613250 PMCID: PMC9818653 DOI: 10.3390/foods12010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hazelnuts (Corylus avellana L.) are among the most consumed dry fruits all over the world. Their commercial quality is defined, above all, by origin and dimension, as well as by lipid content. Evaluation of this parameter is currently performed with chemical methods, which are expensive, time consuming, and complex. In the present work, the near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, using both a benchtop research spectrometer and a retail handheld instrument, was evaluated in comparison with the traditional chemical approach. The lipid content of hazelnuts from different growing regions of origin (Italy, Chile, Turkey, Georgia, and Azerbaijan) was determined with two NIR instruments: a benchtop FT-NIR spectrometer (Multi Purpose Analyser-MPA, by Bruker), equipped with an integrating sphere and an optic fibre probe, and the pocket-sized, battery-powered SCiO molecular sensor (by Consumer Physics). The Randall/Soxtec method was used as the reference measurement of total lipid content. The collected NIR spectra were inspected through multivariate data analysis. First, a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) model was built to explore the information contained in the spectral datasets. Then, a Partial Least Square (PLS) regression model was developed to predict the percentage of lipid content. PCA showed samples distributions that could be linked to their total crude fat content determined with the Randall/Soxtec method, confirming that a trend related to the lipid content could be detected in the spectral data, based on their chemical profiles. PLS models performed better with the MPA instrument than SCiO, with the highest R2 of prediction (R2PRED = 0.897) achieved by MPA probe, while this parameter for SCiO was much lower (R2PRED = 0.550). Further analyses are necessary to evaluate if more acquisitions may lead to better performances when using the SCiO portable spectrometer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Cazzaniga
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Nicola Cavallini
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Giraudo
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Gentian Gavoci
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Geobaldo
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Mattia Pariani
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Via Leonardo da Vinci 44, Grugliasco, 10095 Turin, Italy
| | - Daniela Ghirardello
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Via Leonardo da Vinci 44, Grugliasco, 10095 Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Zeppa
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Via Leonardo da Vinci 44, Grugliasco, 10095 Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Savorani
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-011-0904562
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KÜÇÜK EE, SAĞLAM M, İÇ S. Farklı Sulama Yönetimlerinin Fındık (Corylus avellana L.) Bahçesinde Bazı Toprak Fiziksel ve Kimyasal Özelliklerine Etkileri. ULUSLARARASI TARIM VE YABAN HAYATI BILIMLERI DERGISI 2022. [DOI: 10.24180/ijaws.1195378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bu çalışma farklı sulama yönetimlerinin (Kontrol, % 70 sulama, % 100 sulama, %130 sulama) fındık bahçesi toprakları üzerine etkilerini araştırmak amacıyla Samsun ili Tekkeköy ilçesinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. İki yıl süreyle yürütülen sulama yönetimleri sonrasında iki farklı toprak derinliğinden (0-15 cm ve 15-30 cm) bozulmuş ve bozulmamış toprak örnekleri alınmıştır. Bozulmuş toprak örneklerinde tekstür bileşenleri (kil, silt ve kum içeriği), tarla kapasitesi (TK), daimi solma noktası (DSN), pH, elektriksel iletkenlik (EC) ve toplam azot (NT) ve bozulmamış toprak örneklerinde de hacim ağırlığı (HA) belirlenmiştir. Yarayışlı su içeriği (YSİ), makroporozite (MakP) ve havalanma kapasitesine (HK) ait değerler ise bozulmuş ve bozulmamış toprak örneklerinde toprak su tutma ile ilişkili gerçekleştirilen analiz sonuçları kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda daimi solma noktası, yarayışlı su içeriği, hacim ağırlığı, pH, elektriksel iletkenlik ve toplam azot üzerine toprak derinliklerinin etkileri ve silt içeriği, kum içeriği, tarla kapasitesi, daimi solma noktası, yarayışlı su içeriği, hacim ağırlığı, havalanma kapasitesi ve pH üzerine de sulama yönetimlerinin etkileri istatistiksel olarak önemli bulunmuştur. Hacim ağırlığı ve pH üzerine toprak derinliği x sulama yönetimi (D x SY) interaksiyonun etkileri önemli bulunurken, kil içeriği ve makroporozite üzerine herhangi bir uygulamanın etkisi önemli bulunmamıştır. Fındık bahçesi topraklarında toprak derinliği ve sulama yönetimlerinin etkilerine bağlı olarak hacim ağırlığının bitki kök gelişimini etkileyebilecek seviyede artmış olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, % 100 sulama yönetiminin Kontrol uygulamasına benzer etkilerinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. %100 sulama yönetimi bitki kök gelişimine karşı daha az mekaniksel direnç yaratarak bitki kök bölgesinde daha yüksek bir havalanma kapasitesi sağlarken %130 sulama yönetimi havalanma kapasitesinin en fazla azaldığı uygulama olmuştur.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Serkan İÇ
- Karadeniz Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü
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5
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Tercan E, Dengiz O, Özkan B, Dereli MA, Öztekin YB. Geographic information system-assisted site quality assessment for hazelnut cultivation using multi-criteria decision analysis in the Black Sea region, Turkey. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:35908-35933. [PMID: 35060033 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18127-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Developing land suitability models for strategically critical agricultural products to expand sustainable agricultural policies and sensitive agriculture management has become a significant trend. This study aims to improve a unique land suitability model for hazelnut cultivation by applying the criteria set (7 main criteria, 35 sub-criteria) including qualitative and quantitative reasons, integrated fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, inverse distance weighting, multi-criteria decision analysis, geographic information system, and weighted linear combination approaches. The model developed in the present study was applied and tested in Ünye District of Ordu Province, where hazelnut production in the Eastern Black Sea region of Turkey is an important economic activity. While 71.17% of the study area is classified as very highly suitable, highly suitable, and moderately suitable, 28.83% of the study area has marginally suitable and unsuitable properties for hazelnut cultivation. Generally, it was determined that the coastal parts of the study area were the most suitable areas for hazelnut growing. The hazelnut land suitability model's two main criteria impacting the final score values are climatic and topographic conditions, respectively. Heavy metal pollution and physical, chemical, and fertility conditions related to soil properties followed these, respectively. The first ten sub-criteria with the highest weight value were determined as elevation, annual average temperature, annual average precipitation, aspect, annual average relative humidity, nickel (pollution), slope, annual average maximum temperature, lead (pollution), and soil depth, respectively. Existing hazelnut cultivation areas were used to test the model. Of the existing cultivation areas, 75.59% coincided with the very highly suitable, highly suitable, and moderately suitable classes presented in this study, while 17.15% were in marginally suitable and 7.26% in unsuitable classes. The study results reveal that the hazelnut land suitability model developed is suitable in mild climate conditions. Using this model as a general transition model will be beneficial to test it in areas containing similar climatic conditions and various soil properties. This study will create a rational background in ensuring the sustainable food production system and security, agricultural land use planning, strategic planning and management of the hazelnut plant, increasing agricultural productivity and income, and the ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Tercan
- Department of Survey, Project and Environment, General Directorate of Highways, 13th Region, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Orhan Dengiz
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Barış Özkan
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ali Dereli
- Department of Geomatics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Yeşim Benal Öztekin
- Department of Agricultural Machinery and Technologies Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
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6
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Caporaso N, Genovese A, Pérez‐Jiménez MA, Olivero‐David R, Sacchi R. Impact of Olive Harvesting Date on Virgin Olive Oil Volatile Composition in Four Spanish Varieties. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.202000350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Caporaso
- Department of Agriculture University of Naples Federico II Via Università 100 Portici 80055 Italy
- Division of Food Sciences University of Nottinghamm, Sutton Bonington Campus Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD UK
| | - Alessandro Genovese
- Department of Agriculture University of Naples Federico II Via Università 100 Portici 80055 Italy
| | - Maria Angeles Pérez‐Jiménez
- Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDRA) Carretera Nacional 2, km 38,200 Alcalá de Henares Madrid 28800 Spain
| | - Raul Olivero‐David
- Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDRA) Carretera Nacional 2, km 38,200 Alcalá de Henares Madrid 28800 Spain
| | - Raffaele Sacchi
- Department of Agriculture University of Naples Federico II Via Università 100 Portici 80055 Italy
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Miele NA, Armini V, Troccoli AM, Puleo S, Paduano A, Sacchi R, Cavella S. Sensory evaluation and volatile compounds of an alternative ready-to-use therapeutic food for malnourished children. J Food Sci 2020; 85:1265-1273. [PMID: 32249412 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ready-to-use therapeutic foods (RUTFs) are special foods used to encourage rapid weight gain in 5-year-old malnourished children, avoiding hospitalization. The factors affecting sensory characteristics and acceptability of RUTFs have been not adequately described. The aim of this work was to evaluate both the sensory properties and volatile compounds of four alternative RUTFs, varying in soy and sorghum, icing sugar, and oil content. Nine nonoral sensory attributes were evaluated by nine selected and trained assessors. The perceived intensity of five oral sensory attributes and the overall liking were assessed by 100 adult consumers. The volatile compounds were extracted and concentrated by solid phase microextraction and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. RUTF formulations significantly differed for graininess between fingers (size of granules) (P = 0.007), viscosity (P = 0.013), adhesiveness to the spoon (P < 0.044), and meltability (P = 0.005), but in consumers' opinion, they differed only for difficulty in swallowing, intensity of global odor, flavor, and sweetness. A positive correlation between overall liking and sweetness was found. Volatile compounds arising from lipid oxidation (hexanal and octanoic acid) were positively correlated with global odor and flavor. These attributes negatively affected the overall liking and were mainly contained in one out of the four formulations. Sensory and instrumental characterization identified key attributes for this kind of food, such as difficulty in swallowing, global odor, and sweetness, suggesting how to formulate an alternative RUTF to be used for a future clinical trial on malnourished children. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Starting from the world's need to fight child malnutrition, the present study tried to characterize alternative ready-to-use therapeutic foods (RUTFs), special foods used to encourage rapid weight gain in 5-year-old malnourished children, from several points of view, such as acceptability, stability, technological, and overall quality. Results obtained will be an aid to setup the technological conditions and scale-up parameters for local productions of RUTFs to be tested in real trials on malnourished children. Indeed, key sensory attributes that drive consumer acceptance for this special food, such as sweetness and difficulty in swallowing, came out from the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta A Miele
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Unit of Food Science and Technology, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, 80055, Italy.,Center of Food Innovation and Development in the Food Industry, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, 80055, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Armini
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Unit of Food Science and Technology, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, 80055, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Troccoli
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Unit of Food Science and Technology, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, 80055, Italy
| | - Sharon Puleo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Unit of Food Science and Technology, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, 80055, Italy
| | - Antonello Paduano
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, 70126, Italy
| | - Raffaele Sacchi
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Unit of Food Science and Technology, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, 80055, Italy
| | - Silvana Cavella
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Unit of Food Science and Technology, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, 80055, Italy.,Center of Food Innovation and Development in the Food Industry, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, 80055, Italy
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Giacometti J, Milin Č, Giacometti F, Ciganj Z. Characterisation of Monovarietal Olive Oils Obtained from Croatian cvs. Drobnica and Buza during the Ripening Period. Foods 2018; 7:foods7110188. [PMID: 30428616 PMCID: PMC6262327 DOI: 10.3390/foods7110188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was the monitoring of the chemical composition of olive oil at different ripening stages to determine the appropriate harvesting time during any given crop season in the northern Adriatic region. For this purpose, from September to November, two Croatian olive cultivars (Drobnica and Buza) were taken from two different olive orchards and for the respective olive oils, prepared on a laboratory scale, the major saponifiable, unsaponifiable and phenolic compounds were determined. Based on the chemical analyses performed, the optimal harvesting time has been set in October for both cultivars. Buza had a higher oleic acid, but lower total sterols, squalene and total alkanols. Compared to the local cultivars, the studied cultivars had a high total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity and concentrations of total phenols correlated with α-tocopherol in oil samples taken during the ripening progress. Finally, trace minerals detected in Buza and Drobnica oil differed, which can be an indicator of oxidative stability and authenticity of oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasminka Giacometti
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Radmile Matejčić 2, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
| | - Čedomila Milin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
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Caporaso N, Whitworth MB, Fowler MS, Fisk ID. Hyperspectral imaging for non-destructive prediction of fermentation index, polyphenol content and antioxidant activity in single cocoa beans. Food Chem 2018; 258:343-351. [PMID: 29655743 PMCID: PMC5914545 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the current work was to use hyperspectral imaging (HSI) in the spectral range 1000-2500 nm to quantitatively predict fermentation index (FI), total polyphenols (TP) and antioxidant activity (AA) of individual dry fermented cocoa beans scanned on a single seed basis, in a non-destructive manner. Seventeen cocoa bean batches were obtained and 10 cocoa beans were used from each batch. PLS regression models were built on 170 samples. The developed HSI predictive models were able to quantify three quality-related parameters with sufficient performance for screening purposes, with external validation R2 of 0.50 (RMSEP = 0.27, RPD = 1.40), 0.70 (RMSEP = 34.1 mg ferulic acid g-1, RPD = 1.77) and 0.74 (60.0 mmol Trolog kg-1, RPD = 1.91) for FI, TP and AA, respectively. The calibrations were subsequently applied at a single bean and pixel level, so that the distribution was visualised within and between single seeds (chemical images). HSI is thus suggested as a promising approach to estimate cocoa bean composition rapidly and non-destructively, thus offering a valid tool for food inspection and quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Caporaso
- Division of Food Sciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, LE12 5RD, UK; Campden BRI, Chipping Campden, Gloucestershire GL55 6LD, UK
| | | | | | - Ian D Fisk
- Division of Food Sciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, LE12 5RD, UK.
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10
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Non-destructive analysis of sucrose, caffeine and trigonelline on single green coffee beans by hyperspectral imaging. Food Res Int 2017; 106:193-203. [PMID: 29579918 PMCID: PMC5886291 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a novel technology for the food sector that enables rapid non-contact analysis of food materials. HSI was applied for the first time to whole green coffee beans, at a single seed level, for quantitative prediction of sucrose, caffeine and trigonelline content. In addition, the intra-bean distribution of coffee constituents was analysed in Arabica and Robusta coffees on a large sample set from 12 countries, using a total of 260 samples. Individual green coffee beans were scanned by reflectance HSI (980–2500 nm) and then the concentration of sucrose, caffeine and trigonelline analysed with a reference method (HPLC-MS). Quantitative prediction models were subsequently built using Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression. Large variations in sucrose, caffeine and trigonelline were found between different species and origin, but also within beans from the same batch. It was shown that estimation of sucrose content is possible for screening purposes (R2 = 0.65; prediction error of ~ 0.7% w/w coffee, with observed range of ~ 6.5%), while the performance of the PLS model was better for caffeine and trigonelline prediction (R2 = 0.85 and R2 = 0.82, respectively; prediction errors of 0.2 and 0.1%, on a range of 2.3 and 1.1% w/w coffee, respectively). The prediction error is acceptable mainly for laboratory applications, with the potential application to breeding programmes and for screening purposes for the food industry. The spatial distribution of coffee constituents was also successfully visualised for single beans and this enabled mapping of the analytes across the bean structure at single pixel level. NIR hyperspectral imaging was applied to green coffee beans on a single seed basis. Sucrose, caffeine and trigonelline were analysed from single beans using HPLC-MS. PLS regression models were built to quantify for the coffee constituents. Prediction models were applied to single pixels to visualise the compound distribution. HSI was shown to be useful for rapid non-destructive screening of single coffee beans.
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