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Gibler P, Gimble J, Hamel K, Rogers E, Henderson M, Wu X, Olesky S, Frazier T. Human Adipose-Derived Stromal/Stem Cell Culture and Analysis Methods for Adipose Tissue Modeling In Vitro: A Systematic Review. Cells 2021; 10:1378. [PMID: 34204869 PMCID: PMC8227575 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (hASC) are widely used for in vitro modeling of physiologically relevant human adipose tissue. These models are useful for the development of tissue constructs for soft tissue regeneration and 3-dimensional (3D) microphysiological systems (MPS) for drug discovery. In this systematic review, we report on the current state of hASC culture and assessment methods for adipose tissue engineering using 3D MPS. Our search efforts resulted in the identification of 184 independent records, of which 27 were determined to be most relevant to the goals of the present review. Our results demonstrate a lack of consensus on methods for hASC culture and assessment for the production of physiologically relevant in vitro models of human adipose tissue. Few studies have assessed the impact of different 3D culture conditions on hASC adipogenesis. Additionally, there has been a limited use of assays for characterizing the functionality of adipose tissue in vitro. Results from this study suggest the need for more standardized culture methods and further analysis on in vitro tissue functionality. These will be necessary to validate the utility of 3D MPS as an in vitro model to reduce, refine, and replace in vivo experiments in the drug discovery regulatory process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyton Gibler
- Obatala Sciences Inc., New Orleans, LA 70148, USA; (P.G.); (K.H.); (E.R.); (M.H.); (X.W.); (S.O.); (T.F.)
| | - Jeffrey Gimble
- Obatala Sciences Inc., New Orleans, LA 70148, USA; (P.G.); (K.H.); (E.R.); (M.H.); (X.W.); (S.O.); (T.F.)
- Department of Structural and Cell Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Katie Hamel
- Obatala Sciences Inc., New Orleans, LA 70148, USA; (P.G.); (K.H.); (E.R.); (M.H.); (X.W.); (S.O.); (T.F.)
| | - Emma Rogers
- Obatala Sciences Inc., New Orleans, LA 70148, USA; (P.G.); (K.H.); (E.R.); (M.H.); (X.W.); (S.O.); (T.F.)
| | - Michael Henderson
- Obatala Sciences Inc., New Orleans, LA 70148, USA; (P.G.); (K.H.); (E.R.); (M.H.); (X.W.); (S.O.); (T.F.)
| | - Xiying Wu
- Obatala Sciences Inc., New Orleans, LA 70148, USA; (P.G.); (K.H.); (E.R.); (M.H.); (X.W.); (S.O.); (T.F.)
| | - Spencer Olesky
- Obatala Sciences Inc., New Orleans, LA 70148, USA; (P.G.); (K.H.); (E.R.); (M.H.); (X.W.); (S.O.); (T.F.)
| | - Trivia Frazier
- Obatala Sciences Inc., New Orleans, LA 70148, USA; (P.G.); (K.H.); (E.R.); (M.H.); (X.W.); (S.O.); (T.F.)
- Department of Structural and Cell Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Lee S, Kim HS, Min BH, Kim BG, Kim SA, Nam H, Lee M, Kim M, Hwang HY, Leesong AI, Leesong MM, Kim JH, Shin JS. Enhancement of anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of adipose-derived human mesenchymal stem cells by making uniform spheroid on the new nano-patterned plates. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 552:164-169. [PMID: 33751933 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions; thus, several MSC products have been applied as cell therapy in clinical trials worldwide. Recent studies have demonstrated that MSC spheroids have superior anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions to a single cell suspension. Current methods to prepare MSC spheroids include hanging drop, concave microwell aggregation, spinner flask, and gravity circulation. However, all these methods have limitations such as low scalability, easy cell clumping, low viability, and irregular size distribution. Here, we present a nano-patterned culture plasticware named PAMcell™ 3D plate to overcome these limitations. Nano-sized silica particles (700 nm) coated with RGD peptide were arrayed into fusiform onto the PLGA film. This uniform array enabled the seeded MSCs to grow only on the silica particles, forming uniform-sized semi-spheroids within 48 h. These MSC spheroids have been shown to have enhanced stemness, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory functions, as revealed by the increased expression of stem cell markers (Oct4, Sox2, and Nanog), anti-inflammatory (IL-10, TSG6, and IDO), and immunomodulatory molecules (HGF, VEGF, CXCR4) both at mRNA and protein expression levels. Furthermore, these MSC spheroids demonstrated an increased palliative effect on glycemic control in a multiple low-dose streptozotocin-induced diabetes model compared with the same number of MSC single cell suspensions. Taken together, this study presents a new method to produce uniform-sized MSC spheroids with enhanced anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangho Lee
- R&D Center, YidoBio, Inc., 123 Beolmal-ro, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14056, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Sop Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, South Korea
| | - Byoung-Hoon Min
- R&D Center, YidoBio, Inc., 123 Beolmal-ro, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14056, South Korea
| | - Byoung Geun Kim
- R&D Center, YidoBio, Inc., 123 Beolmal-ro, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14056, South Korea
| | - Shin Ae Kim
- R&D Center, YidoBio, Inc., 123 Beolmal-ro, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14056, South Korea
| | - Hyeyoung Nam
- R&D Center, YidoBio, Inc., 123 Beolmal-ro, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14056, South Korea
| | - Minsuk Lee
- R&D Center, YidoBio, Inc., 123 Beolmal-ro, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14056, South Korea
| | - Minsun Kim
- R&D Center, YidoBio, Inc., 123 Beolmal-ro, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14056, South Korea
| | - Hye Yeon Hwang
- R&D Center, YidoBio, Inc., 123 Beolmal-ro, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14056, South Korea
| | - Alex Inkeun Leesong
- R&D Center, YidoBio, Inc., 123 Beolmal-ro, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14056, South Korea
| | | | - Jae-Ho Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, South Korea.
| | - Jun-Seop Shin
- R&D Center, YidoBio, Inc., 123 Beolmal-ro, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14056, South Korea.
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Park YS, Hwang JY, Jun Y, Jin YM, Kim G, Kim HY, Kim HS, Lee SH, Jo I. Scaffold-free parathyroid tissue engineering using tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Acta Biomater 2016; 35:215-27. [PMID: 26945633 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
To restore damaged parathyroid function, parathyroid tissue engineering is the best option. Previously, we reported that differentiated tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells (dTMSC) restore in vivo parathyroid function, but only if they are embedded in a scaffold. Because of the limited biocompatibility of Matrigel, however, here we developed a more clinically applicable, scaffold-free parathyroid regeneration system. Scaffold-free dTMSC spheroids were engineered in concave microwell plates made of polydimethylsiloxane in control culture medium for the first 7days and differentiation medium (containing activin A and sonic hedgehog) for next 7days. The size of dTMSC spheroids showed a gradual and significant decrease up to day 5, whereafter it decreased much less. Cells in dTMSC spheroids were highly viable (>80%). They expressed high levels of intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), the parathyroid secretory protein 1, and cell adhesion molecule, N-cadherin. Furthermore, dTMSC spheroids-implanted parathyroidectomized (PTX) rats revealed higher survival rates (50%) over a 3-month period with physiological levels of both serum iPTH (57.7-128.2pg/mL) and ionized calcium (0.70-1.15mmol/L), compared with PTX rats treated with either vehicle or undifferentiated TMSC spheroids. This is the first report of a scaffold-free, human stem cell-based parathyroid tissue engineering and represents a more clinically feasible strategy for hypoparathyroidism treatment than those requiring scaffolds. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Herein, we have for the first time developed a scaffold-free parathyroid tissue spheroids using differentiated tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells (dTMSC) to restore in vivo parathyroid cell functions. This new strategy is effective, even for long periods (3months), and is thus likely to be more feasible in clinic for hypoparathyroidism treatment. Development of TMSC spheroids may also provide a convenient and efficient scaffold-free platform for researchers investigating conditions involving abnormal calcium homeostasis, such as osteoporosis.
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Kuo YC, Hung SC, Hsu SH. The effect of elastic biodegradable polyurethane electrospun nanofibers on the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 122:414-422. [PMID: 25087022 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable polyurethane (PU) was synthesized based on using poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) as the soft segment. Fibers in different diameters (200-400nm, 600-800nm, and 1.4-1.6μm) were then made by electrospinning PU solution in N,N-dimethylacetamide and 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol. Human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in the form of single dispersed cells or aggregates were seeded on the electrospun meshes for evaluation of cell behavior. Differentiation experiments showed that hMSC aggregates on electrospun fibers had greater differentiation capacities than single cells. Besides, nanofibers of 200-400nm diameters significantly promoted the osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of hMSCs than fibers of the other diameters. The effect of substrate elasticity was further elucidated by comparing cell behaviors on the nanofibers of PCL-based PU and those of pure PCL. The more elastic PU nanofibers demonstrated more osteogenic and chondrogenic induction potential than PCL electrospun fibers. We suggested that the elastic nanofibers seeded with hMSC aggregates may be advantageous for cartilage and bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chia Kuo
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Hung
- Institute of Clinical Medicine and Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Medical Research & Education and Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Huang GS, Hsieh PS, Tseng CS, Hsu SH. The substrate-dependent regeneration capacity of mesenchymal stem cell spheroids derived on various biomaterial surfaces. Biomater Sci 2014; 2:1652-1660. [DOI: 10.1039/c4bm00053f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
ADSC spheroids derived on various biomaterials present different in vitro properties, which may explain their different efficacies in cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Shiang Huang
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pai-Shan Hsieh
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Shiow Tseng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- National Central University
- Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shan-hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei, Taiwan
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