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Jiang X, Wu H, Xiao A, Huang Y, Yu X, Chang L. Recent Advances in Bioelectronics for Localized Drug Delivery. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2301068. [PMID: 37759393 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The last decade has witnessed remarkable advancements in bioelectronics, ushering in a new era of wearable and implantable devices for drug delivery. By utilizing miniaturized system design and/or flexible materials, bioelectronics illustrates ideal integration with target organs and tissues, making them ideal platforms for localized drug delivery. Furthermore, the development of electrically assisted drug delivery systems has enhanced the efficiency and safety of therapeutic administration, particularly for the macromolecules that encounter additional challenges in penetrating biological barriers. In this review, a concise overview of recent progress in bioelectronic devices for in vivo localized drug delivery, with highlights on the latest trends in device design, working principles, and their corresponding functionalities, is provided. The reported systems based on their targeted delivery locations as wearable systems, ingestible systems, and implantable systems are categorized. Each category is introduced in detail by highlighting the special requirements for devices and the corresponding solutions. The remaining challenges in this field and future directions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Jiang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Han Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ao Xiao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ya Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Xinge Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Lingqian Chang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
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Albanese K, Morris PT, Read de Alaniz J, Bates CM, Hawker CJ. Controlled-Radical Polymerization of α-Lipoic Acid: A General Route to Degradable Vinyl Copolymers. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:22728-22734. [PMID: 37813389 PMCID: PMC10591472 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Here, we present the synthesis and characterization of statistical and block copolymers containing α-lipoic acid (LA) using reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization. LA, a readily available nutritional supplement, undergoes efficient radical ring-opening copolymerization with vinyl monomers in a controlled manner with predictable molecular weights and low molar-mass dispersities. Because lipoic acid diads present in the resulting copolymers include disulfide bonds, these materials efficiently and rapidly degrade when exposed to mild reducing agents such as tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (Mn = 56 → 3.6 kg mol-1). This scalable and versatile polymerization method affords a facile way to synthesize degradable polymers with controlled architectures, molecular weights, and molar-mass dispersities from α-lipoic acid, a commercially available and renewable monomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin
R. Albanese
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Materials Research Laboratory, Materials Department, and Department of
Chemical Engineering, University of California,
Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Parker T. Morris
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Materials Research Laboratory, Materials Department, and Department of
Chemical Engineering, University of California,
Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Javier Read de Alaniz
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Materials Research Laboratory, Materials Department, and Department of
Chemical Engineering, University of California,
Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Christopher M. Bates
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Materials Research Laboratory, Materials Department, and Department of
Chemical Engineering, University of California,
Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Craig J. Hawker
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Materials Research Laboratory, Materials Department, and Department of
Chemical Engineering, University of California,
Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106, United States
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Wu Z, Wang L, Fan Y. Effect of static tensile stress on enzymatic degradation of poly(glycerol sebacate). J Biomed Mater Res A 2023; 111:1513-1524. [PMID: 37070726 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Poly(glycerol sebacate) (PGS) is an excellent scaffold material in tissue engineering due to good biocompatibility and tunable mechanical properties. The degradation properties of PGS have been primarily explored in static phosphate buffer solution or enzyme solution. It is vital to understand how the tensile stress affect the degradation rate. In this study, PGS was synthetized by melt polycondensation and its properties were characterized. Then an in vitro degradation device which could provide different constant tensile stresses was carefully designed and established, and the enzymatic degradation of PGS was tested under 0-150 kPa at 37°C. It was found that holes of PGS surface arranged almost parallel to each other and perpendicular to the direction of tensile stresses at 100 kPa and 150 kPa after 2-4 days degradation. After 8 days degradation, the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of PGS at 150 kPa was 0.28 MPa and the elastic modulus was 1.11 MPa, while the UTS of PGS was 0.44 MPa and the elastic modulus was 1.63 MPa before degradation, both of them have significant differences. Hence, the tensile stress and degradation time were proportional to the appear time and size of holes, leading to the decrease of mass loss, UTS and elastic modulus. The relationship between stress and PGS degradation rates was quantitatively described through our degradation experiments, providing guidance for suitable PGS applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zebin Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China
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Shapiro AJ, O'Dea RM, Li SC, Ajah JC, Bass GF, Epps TH. Engineering Innovations, Challenges, and Opportunities for Lignocellulosic Biorefineries: Leveraging Biobased Polymer Production. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2023; 14:109-140. [PMID: 37040783 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-101121-084152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Alternative polymer feedstocks are highly desirable to address environmental, social, and security concerns associated with petrochemical-based materials. Lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) has emerged as one critical feedstock in this regard because it is an abundant and ubiquitous renewable resource. LCB can be deconstructed to generate valuable fuels, chemicals, and small molecules/oligomers that are amenable to modification and polymerization. However, the diversity of LCB complicates the evaluation of biorefinery concepts in areas including process scale-up, production outputs, plant economics, and life-cycle management. We discuss aspects of current LCB biorefinery research with a focus on the major process stages, including feedstock selection, fractionation/deconstruction, and characterization, along with product purification, functionalization, and polymerization to manufacture valuable macromolecular materials. We highlight opportunities to valorize underutilized and complex feedstocks, leverage advanced characterization techniques to predict and manage biorefinery outputs, and increase the fraction of biomass converted into valuable products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison J Shapiro
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA; , , , , ,
| | - Robert M O'Dea
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA; , , , , ,
| | - Sonia C Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA; , , , , ,
| | - Jamael C Ajah
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA; , , , , ,
| | - Garrett F Bass
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA; , , , , ,
| | - Thomas H Epps
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA; , , , , ,
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Center for Research in Soft Matter and Polymers (CRiSP), University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
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Rezvova MA, Klyshnikov KY, Gritskevich AA, Ovcharenko EA. Polymeric Heart Valves Will Displace Mechanical and Tissue Heart Valves: A New Era for the Medical Devices. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043963. [PMID: 36835389 PMCID: PMC9967268 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of a novel artificial heart valve with outstanding durability and safety has remained a challenge since the first mechanical heart valve entered the market 65 years ago. Recent progress in high-molecular compounds opened new horizons in overcoming major drawbacks of mechanical and tissue heart valves (dysfunction and failure, tissue degradation, calcification, high immunogenic potential, and high risk of thrombosis), providing new insights into the development of an ideal artificial heart valve. Polymeric heart valves can best mimic the tissue-level mechanical behavior of the native valves. This review summarizes the evolution of polymeric heart valves and the state-of-the-art approaches to their development, fabrication, and manufacturing. The review discusses the biocompatibility and durability testing of previously investigated polymeric materials and presents the most recent developments, including the first human clinical trials of LifePolymer. New promising functional polymers, nanocomposite biomaterials, and valve designs are discussed in terms of their potential application in the development of an ideal polymeric heart valve. The superiority and inferiority of nanocomposite and hybrid materials to non-modified polymers are reported. The review proposes several concepts potentially suitable to address the above-mentioned challenges arising in the R&D of polymeric heart valves from the properties, structure, and surface of polymeric materials. Additive manufacturing, nanotechnology, anisotropy control, machine learning, and advanced modeling tools have given the green light to set new directions for polymeric heart valves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. Rezvova
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Kirill Y. Klyshnikov
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia
| | | | - Evgeny A. Ovcharenko
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia
- Correspondence:
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Zhu J, Luo X, Li X. Ring-Opening Polymerization of Trimethylene Carbonate with Phosphazene Organocatalyst. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030720. [PMID: 36772021 PMCID: PMC9921643 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aliphatic polycarbonate (APC) compounds are an important class of biodegradable materials with excellent biocompatibility, good biodegradability, and low toxicity, and the study of these compounds and their modification products aims to obtain biodegradable materials with better performance. In this context, the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of trimethylene carbonate (TMC) from a low nucleophilic organic superbase of phosphazene (t-BuP4) as a catalyst and benzyl alcohol (BnOH) as an initiator at room temperature was carefully studied to prepare poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) which is one of the most studied APC. 1H NMR and SEC measurements clearly demonstrate the presence of a benzyloxy group at the α-terminus of the obtained PTMC homopolymers while investigation of the polymerization kinetics confirms the controlled/living nature of t-BuP4-catalyzed ROP of TMC. On the basis of this, the block copolymerization of TMC and δ-valerolactone (VL)/ε-caprolactone (CL) was successfully carried out to give PTMC-b-PCL and PTMC-b-PVL copolymers. Furthermore, PTMC with terminal functionality was also prepared with the organocatalytic ROP of TMC through functional initiators. We believe that the present ROP system is a robust, highly efficient, and practical strategy for producing excellent biocompatible and biodegradable PTMC-based materials.
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Xu J, Xiao W, Zhang S, Dong Z, Lei C. Synthesis and characterization of polyurethane with poly(ether-ester) diols soft segments consisted by ether and ester linkages in one repeating unit. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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