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Ma X, Fernández FM. Advances in mass spectrometry imaging for spatial cancer metabolomics. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2024; 43:235-268. [PMID: 36065601 PMCID: PMC9986357 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS) has become a central technique in cancer research. The ability to analyze various types of biomolecules in complex biological matrices makes it well suited for understanding biochemical alterations associated with disease progression. Different biological samples, including serum, urine, saliva, and tissues have been successfully analyzed using mass spectrometry. In particular, spatial metabolomics using MS imaging (MSI) allows the direct visualization of metabolite distributions in tissues, thus enabling in-depth understanding of cancer-associated biochemical changes within specific structures. In recent years, MSI studies have been increasingly used to uncover metabolic reprogramming associated with cancer development, enabling the discovery of key biomarkers with potential for cancer diagnostics. In this review, we aim to cover the basic principles of MSI experiments for the nonspecialists, including fundamentals, the sample preparation process, the evolution of the mass spectrometry techniques used, and data analysis strategies. We also review MSI advances associated with cancer research in the last 5 years, including spatial lipidomics and glycomics, the adoption of three-dimensional and multimodal imaging MSI approaches, and the implementation of artificial intelligence/machine learning in MSI-based cancer studies. The adoption of MSI in clinical research and for single-cell metabolomics is also discussed. Spatially resolved studies on other small molecule metabolites such as amino acids, polyamines, and nucleotides/nucleosides will not be discussed in the context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ma
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Facundo M Fernández
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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2
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Chen Y, Xie Y, Li L, Wang Z, Yang L. Advances in mass spectrometry imaging for toxicological analysis and safety evaluation of pharmaceuticals. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022:e21807. [PMID: 36146929 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Safety issues caused by pharmaceuticals have frequently occurred worldwide, posing a tremendous threat to human health. As an essential part of drug development, the toxicological analysis and safety evaluation is of great significance. In addition, the risk of pharmaceuticals accumulation in the environment and the monitoring of the toxicity from natural medicines have also received ongoing concerns. Due to a lack of spatial distribution information provided by common analytical methods, analyses that provide spatial dimensions could serve as complementary safety evaluation methods for better prediction and evaluation of drug toxicity. With advances in technical solutions and software algorithms, mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has received increasing attention as a popular analytical tool that enables the simultaneous implementation of qualitative, quantitative, and localization without complex sample pretreatment and labeling steps. In recent years, MSI has become more attractive, powerful, and sensitive and has been applied in several scientific fields that can meet the safety assessment requirements. This review aims to cover a detailed summary of the various MSI technologies utilized in the biomedical and pharmaceutical area, including technical principles, advantages, current status, and future trends. Representative applications and developments in the safety-related issues of different pharmaceuticals and natural medicines are also described to provide a reference for pharmaceutical research, improve rational clinical medicine use, and ensure public safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Chen
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqiao Xie
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Linnan Li
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Yang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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3
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Castellanos A, Gomer RH, Fernandez-Lima F. Submicron 3-D mass spectrometry imaging reveals an asymmetric molecular distribution on chemotaxing cells. F1000Res 2022; 11:1017. [PMID: 36845326 PMCID: PMC9947426 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.124273.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dictyostelium discoideum is a ~10 µm diameter unicellular eukaryote that lives on soil surfaces. When starved, D. discoideum cells aggregate into streams of cells in a process called chemotaxis. In this report, we studied D. discoideum cells during chemotaxis using 3D - mass spectrometry imaging (3D-MSI). Methods: The 3D-MSI consisted of the sequential generation of 2D molecular maps using burst alignment coupled to delayed extraction time-of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) combined with a soft sputtering beam to access the different layers. Results: Molecular maps with sub-cellular high spatial resolution (~300 nm) indicated the presence of ions at m/z = 221 and 236 at the front and sides, but reduced levels at the back, of cells moving toward of aggregation streams. The 3D-MSI also detected an ion at m/z = 240 at the edges and back, but reduced levels at the front, of aggregating cells. Other ions showed an even distribution across the cells. Conclusions: Together, these results demonstrate the utility of sub-micron MSI to study eukaryotic chemotaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Castellanos
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, 33199, USA
| | - Richard H Gomer
- Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843-3474, USA
| | - Francisco Fernandez-Lima
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, 33199, USA
- Biomolecular Science Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, 33199, USA
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4
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Yu CC, Seki T, Wang Y, Bonn M, Nagata Y. Polarization-Dependent Sum-Frequency Generation Spectroscopy for Ångstrom-Scale Depth Profiling of Molecules at Interfaces. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:226001. [PMID: 35714258 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.226001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The three-dimensional spatial distribution of molecules at soft matter interfaces is crucial for processes ranging from membrane biophysics to atmospheric chemistry. While several techniques can access surface composition, obtaining information on the depth distribution is challenging. We develop a noninvasive, polarization-resolved, surface-specific sum-frequency generation spectroscopy providing quantitative depth information. We demonstrate the technique on formic acid molecules at the air-water interface. With increasing molar fraction from 2.5% to 10%, the formic acid molecules shift, on average, ∼0.9 Å into the bulk. The consistency with the simulation data manifests that the technique allows for probing the Ångstrom-scale depth profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Chieh Yu
- Molecular Spectroscopy Department, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Takakazu Seki
- Molecular Spectroscopy Department, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Yongkang Wang
- Molecular Spectroscopy Department, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Molecular Spectroscopy Department, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Yuki Nagata
- Molecular Spectroscopy Department, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
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5
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Zhao C, Cai Z. Three-dimensional quantitative mass spectrometry imaging in complex system: From subcellular to whole organism. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022; 41:469-487. [PMID: 33300181 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has been applied for label-free three-dimensional (3D) imaging from position array across the whole organism, which provides high-dimensional quantitative data of inorganic or organic compounds that may play an important role in the regulation of cellular signaling, including metals, metabolites, lipids, drugs, peptides, and proteins. While MSI is suitable for investigation of the spatial distribution of molecules, it has a limitation with visualization and quantification of multiple molecules. 3D-MSI, however, can be applied toward exploring metabolic pathway as well as the interactions of lipid-protein, protein-protein, and metal-protein in complex systems from subcellular to the whole organism through an untargeted methodology. In this review, we highlight the methods and applications of MS-based 3D imaging to address the complexity of molecular interaction from nano- to micrometer lateral resolution, with particular focus on: (a) common and hybrid 3D-MSI techniques; (b) quantitative MSI methodology, including the methods using a stable isotope labeling internal standard (SILIS) and SILIS-free approaches with tissue extinction coefficient or virtual calibration; (c) reconstruction of the 3D organ; (d) application of 3D-MSI for biomarker screening and environmental toxicological research. 3D-MSI quantitative analysis provides accurate spatial information and quantitative variation of biomolecules, which may be valuable for the exploration of the molecular mechanism of the disease progresses and toxicological assessment of environmental pollutants in the whole organism. Additionally, we also discuss the challenges and perspectives on the future of 3D quantitative MSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Noun M, Akoumeh R, Abbas I. Cell and Tissue Imaging by TOF-SIMS and MALDI-TOF: An Overview for Biological and Pharmaceutical Analysis. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2022; 28:1-26. [PMID: 34809729 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927621013593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The potential of mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has been demonstrated in cell and tissue research since 1970. MSI can reveal the spatial distribution of a wide range of atomic and molecular ions detected from biological sample surfaces, it is a powerful and valuable technique used to monitor and detect diverse chemical and biological compounds, such as drugs, lipids, proteins, and DNA. MSI techniques, notably matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) and time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), witnessed a dramatic upsurge in studying and investigating biological samples especially, cells and tissue sections. This advancement is attributed to the submicron lateral resolution, the high sensitivity, the good precision, and the accurate chemical specificity, which make these techniques suitable for decoding and understanding complex mechanisms of certain diseases, as well as monitoring the spatial distribution of specific elements, and compounds. While the application of both techniques for the analysis of cells and tissues is thoroughly discussed, a briefing of MALDI-TOF and TOF-SIMS basis and the adequate sampling before analysis are briefly covered. The importance of MALDI-TOF and TOF-SIMS as diagnostic tools and robust analytical techniques in the medicinal, pharmaceutical, and toxicology fields is highlighted through representative published studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manale Noun
- Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission - NCSR, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rayane Akoumeh
- Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission - NCSR, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Imane Abbas
- Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission - NCSR, Beirut, Lebanon
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7
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Guo W, Kanski M, Liu W, Gołuński M, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Cheng C, Du Y, Postawa Z, Wei WD, Zhu Z. Three-Dimensional Mass Spectrometric Imaging of Biological Structures Using a Vacuum-Compatible Microfluidic Device. Anal Chem 2020; 92:13785-13793. [PMID: 32872776 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) molecular imaging of biological structures is important for a wide range of research. In recent decades, secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) has been recognized as a powerful technique for both two-dimensional and 3D molecular imaging. Sample fixations (e.g., chemical fixation and cryogenic fixation methods) are necessary to adapt biological samples to the vacuum condition in the SIMS chamber, which has been demonstrated to be nontrivial and less controllable, thus limiting the wider application of SIMS on 3D molecular analysis of biological samples. Our group recently developed in situ liquid SIMS that offers great opportunities for the molecular study of various liquids and liquid interfaces. In this work, we demonstrate that a further development of the vacuum-compatible microfluidic device used in in situ liquid SIMS provides a convenient freeze-fixation of biological samples and leads to more controllable and convenient 3D molecular imaging. The special design of this new vacuum-compatible liquid chamber allows an easy determination of sputter rates of ice, which is critical for calibrating the depth scale of frozen biological samples. Sputter yield of a 20 keV Ar1800+ ion on ice has been determined as 1500 (±8%) water molecules per Ar1800+ ion, consistent with our results from molecular dynamics simulations. Moreover, using the information of ice sputter yield, we successfully conduct 3D molecular imaging of frozen homogenized milk and observe network structures of interesting organic and inorganic species. Taken together, our results will significantly benefit various research fields relying on 3D molecular imaging of biological structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiao Guo
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Michal Kanski
- Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, S. Lojasiewicza 11, Kraków 31-007, Poland
| | - Wen Liu
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Mikołaj Gołuński
- Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, S. Lojasiewicza 11, Kraków 31-007, Poland
| | - Yadong Zhou
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Yining Wang
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Cuixia Cheng
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Yingge Du
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Zbigniew Postawa
- Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, S. Lojasiewicza 11, Kraków 31-007, Poland
| | - Wei David Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Zihua Zhu
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
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8
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Alexandrov T. Spatial Metabolomics and Imaging Mass Spectrometry in the Age of Artificial Intelligence. Annu Rev Biomed Data Sci 2020; 3:61-87. [PMID: 34056560 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biodatasci-011420-031537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Spatial metabolomics is an emerging field of omics research that has enabled localizing metabolites, lipids, and drugs in tissue sections, a feat considered impossible just two decades ago. Spatial metabolomics and its enabling technology-imaging mass spectrometry-generate big hyper-spectral imaging data that have motivated the development of tailored computational methods at the intersection of computational metabolomics and image analysis. Experimental and computational developments have recently opened doors to applications of spatial metabolomics in life sciences and biomedicine. At the same time, these advances have coincided with a rapid evolution in machine learning, deep learning, and artificial intelligence, which are transforming our everyday life and promise to revolutionize biology and healthcare. Here, we introduce spatial metabolomics through the eyes of a computational scientist, review the outstanding challenges, provide a look into the future, and discuss opportunities granted by the ongoing convergence of human and artificial intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore Alexandrov
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
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9
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Han J, Permentier H, Bischoff R, Groothuis G, Casini A, Horvatovich P. Imaging of protein distribution in tissues using mass spectrometry: An interdisciplinary challenge. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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10
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Fu T, Della-Negra S, Touboul D, Brunelle A. Internal Energy Distribution of Secondary Ions Under Argon and Bismuth Cluster Bombardments: "Soft" Versus "Hard" Desorption-Ionization Process. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2019; 30:321-328. [PMID: 30421360 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-2090-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The emission/ionization process under massive argon cluster bombardment was investigated by measuring the internal energy distributions of a series of benzylpyridinium ions. Argon clusters with kinetic energies between 10 and 20 keV and cluster sizes ranging from 500 to 10,000 were used to establish the influence of their size, energy, and velocity on the internal energy distribution of the secondary ions. It is shown that the internal energy distribution of secondary ions principally depends on the energy per atom or the velocity of the cluster ion beam (E/n ∝ v2). Under low energy per atom (E/n ˂ 10 eV), the mean internal energy and fragmentation yield increase rapidly with the incident energy of individual constituents. Beyond 10 eV/atom impact (up to 40 eV/atom), the internal energy reaches a plateau and remains constant. Results were compared with those generated from bismuth cluster impacts for which the mean internal energies correspond well to the plateau values for argon clusters. However, a significant difference was found between argon and bismuth clusters concerning the damage or disappearance cross section. A 20 times smaller disappearance cross section was measured under 20 keV Ar2000+ impact compared to 25 keV Bi5+ bombardment, thus quantitatively showing the low damage effect of large argon clusters for almost the same molecular ion yield. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Fu
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, UMR 8608, IN2P3-CNRS, Université University Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 15 rue Georges Clémenceau, 91406, Orsay, France
| | - Serge Della-Negra
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, UMR 8608, IN2P3-CNRS, Université University Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 15 rue Georges Clémenceau, 91406, Orsay, France
| | - David Touboul
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Alain Brunelle
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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11
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Vaysse PM, Heeren RMA, Porta T, Balluff B. Mass spectrometry imaging for clinical research - latest developments, applications, and current limitations. Analyst 2018. [PMID: 28642940 DOI: 10.1039/c7an00565b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry is being used in many clinical research areas ranging from toxicology to personalized medicine. Of all the mass spectrometry techniques, mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), in particular, has continuously grown towards clinical acceptance. Significant technological and methodological improvements have contributed to enhance the performance of MSI recently, pushing the limits of throughput, spatial resolution, and sensitivity. This has stimulated the spread of MSI usage across various biomedical research areas such as oncology, neurological disorders, cardiology, and rheumatology, just to name a few. After highlighting the latest major developments and applications touching all aspects of translational research (i.e. from early pre-clinical to clinical research), we will discuss the present challenges in translational research performed with MSI: data management and analysis, molecular coverage and identification capabilities, and finally, reproducibility across multiple research centers, which is the largest remaining obstacle in moving MSI towards clinical routine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Maxence Vaysse
- Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging (M4I) institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Ron M A Heeren
- Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging (M4I) institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Tiffany Porta
- Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging (M4I) institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Benjamin Balluff
- Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging (M4I) institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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12
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Alnajeebi AM, Vickerman JC, Lockyer NP. The influence of polyatomic primary ion chemistry on matrix effects in secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2018; 32:1962-1970. [PMID: 30133034 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The application of mass spectrometry imaging techniques to determine two- (2D) and three- (3D) dimensional chemical distribution ideally provides uniform, high sensitivity to multiple components and reliable quantification. These criteria are typically not met due to variations in sensitivity due to the chemistry of the analyte and surrounding surface chemistry. Here we explore the influence of projectile beam chemistry and sample chemistry in time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). To the authors' knowledge this is the first time the combined effects of projectile chemistry and sample environment on the quantitative determination of mixed samples have been systematically studied. METHODS Secondary ion yields of lipid and amino acid mixtures were measured under 20 keV C60 , Arn , and (H2 O)n cluster ion bombardment (n = 2000 or 4000) using TOF-SIMS. Ion suppression/enhancement effects were studied in dry sample films and in trehalose and water ice matrices. RESULTS The extent of the matrix effects and the secondary ion yield were found to depend on the chemistry of the primary ion beam and (for C60 , Arn ) on the nature of the sample matrix. Under (H2 O)n bombardment the sample matrix had negligible effect on the analysis. CONCLUSIONS Compared with C60 and Arn , water-containing cluster projectiles enhanced the sensitivity of TOF-SIMS determination of the chosen analytes and reduced the effect of signal suppression/enhancement in multicomponent samples and in different sample matrices. One possible explanation for this is that the (H2 O)4000 projectile initiates on impact a nanoscale matrix environment that is very similar to that in frozen-hydrated samples in terms of the resulting ionisation effects. The competition between analytes for protons and the effect of the sample matrix are reduced with water-containing cluster projectiles. These chemically reactive projectile beams have improved characteristics for quantitative chemical imaging by TOF-SIMS compared with their non-reactive counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afnan M Alnajeebi
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess St, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Rd, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - John C Vickerman
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess St, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
- School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Oxford Rd, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Nicholas P Lockyer
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess St, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Rd, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
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13
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Fu T, Touboul D, Della-Negra S, Houël E, Amusant N, Duplais C, Fisher GL, Brunelle A. Tandem Mass Spectrometry Imaging and in Situ Characterization of Bioactive Wood Metabolites in Amazonian Tree Species Sextonia rubra. Anal Chem 2018; 90:7535-7543. [PMID: 29856602 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Driven by a necessity for confident molecular identification at high spatial resolution, a new time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) tandem mass spectrometry (tandem MS) imaging instrument has been recently developed. In this paper, the superior MS/MS spectrometry and imaging capability of this new tool is shown for natural product study. For the first time, via in situ analysis of the bioactive metabolites rubrynolide and rubrenolide in Amazonian tree species Sextonia rubra (Lauraceae), we were able both to analyze and to image by tandem MS the molecular products of natural biosynthesis. Despite the low abundance of the metabolites in the wood sample(s), efficient MS/MS analysis of these γ-lactone compounds was achieved, providing high confidence in the identification and localization. In addition, tandem MS imaging minimized the mass interferences and revealed specific localization of these metabolites primarily in the ray parenchyma cells but also in certain oil cells and, further, revealed the presence of previously unidentified γ-lactone, paving the way for future studies in biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Fu
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles , CNRS UPR 2301, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , Avenue de la Terrasse , 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette , France.,Institut de Physique Nucléaire , UMR 8608, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , 91406 Orsay , France
| | - David Touboul
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles , CNRS UPR 2301, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , Avenue de la Terrasse , 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette , France
| | - Serge Della-Negra
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire , UMR 8608, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , 91406 Orsay , France
| | - Emeline Houël
- CNRS, UMR EcoFoG, AgroParisTech, Cirad, INRA, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane , 97300 Cayenne , France
| | - Nadine Amusant
- Cirad, UMR EcoFoG, AgroParisTech, CNRS, INRA, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane , 97310 Kourou , France
| | - Christophe Duplais
- CNRS, UMR EcoFoG, AgroParisTech, Cirad, INRA, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane , 97300 Cayenne , France
| | - Gregory L Fisher
- Physical Electronics , Chanhassen , Minnesota 55317 , United States
| | - Alain Brunelle
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles , CNRS UPR 2301, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , Avenue de la Terrasse , 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette , France
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14
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Lee J, Jung SB, Terlier T, Lee KB, Lee Y. Molecular identification of Asian lacquers from different trees using Py-GC/MS and ToF-SIMS. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.6460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Lee
- Advanced Analysis Center; Korea Institute of Science & Technology; Seoul 02792 South Korea
| | - Se-Bi Jung
- Advanced Analysis Center; Korea Institute of Science & Technology; Seoul 02792 South Korea
- Department of Chemistry; Korea University; Seoul 02841 South Korea
| | - Tanguy Terlier
- Advanced Analysis Center; Korea Institute of Science & Technology; Seoul 02792 South Korea
| | - Kang-Bong Lee
- Green City Technology Institute; Korea Institute of Science & Technology; Seoul 02792 South Korea
| | - Yeonhee Lee
- Advanced Analysis Center; Korea Institute of Science & Technology; Seoul 02792 South Korea
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15
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Liu S, Zheng W, Wu K, Lin Y, Jia F, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Luo Q, Zhao Y, Wang F. Correlated mass spectrometry and confocal microscopy imaging verifies the dual-targeting action of an organoruthenium anticancer complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 53:4136-4139. [PMID: 28352881 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc01503h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
An addressable single cell imaging strategy combining ToF-SIMS and confocal fluorescence microscopy imaging has been developed, and sucessfully applied to visualize the subcellular distribution of an organoruthenium anticancer complex, [(η6-benzene)Ru(N,N-L)Cl]+ (1; L: 4-anilinoquinazoline ligand), showing its accumulation in both cell membrane and nuclei, and verifying its dual-targeting feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyan Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Kui Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Yu Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Feifei Jia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Yang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Zhaoying Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Qun Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yao Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Fuyi Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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16
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Wang L, Yan L, Liu J, Chen C, Zhao Y. Quantification of Nanomaterial/Nanomedicine Trafficking in Vivo. Anal Chem 2017; 90:589-614. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liming Wang
- CAS
Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety,
Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liang Yan
- CAS
Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety,
Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Liu
- The
College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Chunying Chen
- CAS
Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety,
CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS
Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety,
Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS
Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety,
CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
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17
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Paine MRL, Kooijman PC, Fisher GL, Heeren RMA, Fernández FM, Ellis SR. Visualizing molecular distributions for biomaterials applications with mass spectrometry imaging: a review. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:7444-7460. [PMID: 32264222 DOI: 10.1039/c7tb01100h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a rapidly emerging field that is continually finding applications in new and exciting areas. The ability of MSI to measure the spatial distribution of molecules at or near the surface of complex substrates makes it an ideal candidate for many applications, including those in the sphere of materials chemistry. Continual development and optimization of both ionization sources and analyzer technologies have resulted in a wide array of MSI tools available, both commercially available and custom-built, with each configuration possessing inherent strengths and limitations. Despite the unique potential of MSI over other chemical imaging methods, their potential and application to (bio)materials science remains in our view a largely underexplored avenue. This review will discuss these techniques enabling high parallel molecular detection, focusing on those with reported uses in (bio)materials chemistry applications and highlighted with select applications. Different technologies are presented in three main sections; secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) imaging, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) MSI, and emerging MSI technologies with potential for biomaterial analysis. The first two sections (SIMS and MALDI) discuss well-established methods that are continually evolving both in technological advancements and in experimental versatility. In the third section, relatively new and versatile technologies capable of performing measurements under ambient conditions will be introduced, with reported applications in materials chemistry or potential applications discussed. The aim of this review is to provide a concise resource for those interested in utilizing MSI for applications such as biomimetic materials, biological/synthetic material interfaces, polymer formulation and bulk property characterization, as well as the spatial and chemical distributions of nanoparticles, or any other molecular imaging application requiring broad chemical speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin R L Paine
- M4I, The Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6229 ER, The Netherlands.
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18
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Cai L, Xia MC, Wang Z, Zhao YB, Li Z, Zhang S, Zhang X. Chemical Visualization of Sweat Pores in Fingerprints Using GO-Enhanced TOF-SIMS. Anal Chem 2017; 89:8372-8376. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lesi Cai
- Department
of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and
Instrumentation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng-Chan Xia
- Department
of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and
Instrumentation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaoying Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and
Instrumentation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ya-Bin Zhao
- Department
of Forensic Science, People’s Security University of China, Beijing, 100038, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhanping Li
- Department
of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and
Instrumentation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sichun Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and
Instrumentation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinrong Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and
Instrumentation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People’s Republic of China
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19
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Laux P, Riebeling C, Booth AM, Brain JD, Brunner J, Cerrillo C, Creutzenberg O, Estrela-Lopis I, Gebel T, Johanson G, Jungnickel H, Kock H, Tentschert J, Tlili A, Schäffer A, Sips AJAM, Yokel RA, Luch A. Biokinetics of Nanomaterials: the Role of Biopersistence. NANOIMPACT 2017; 6:69-80. [PMID: 29057373 PMCID: PMC5645051 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology risk management strategies and environmental regulations continue to rely on hazard and exposure assessment protocols developed for bulk materials, including larger size particles, while commercial application of nanomaterials (NMs) increases. In order to support and corroborate risk assessment of NMs for workers, consumers, and the environment it is crucial to establish the impact of biopersistence of NMs at realistic doses. In the future, such data will allow a more refined future categorization of NMs. Despite many experiments on NM characterization and numerous in vitro and in vivo studies, several questions remain unanswered including the influence of biopersistence on the toxicity of NMs. It is unclear which criteria to apply to characterize a NM as biopersistent. Detection and quantification of NMs, especially determination of their state, i.e., dissolution, aggregation, and agglomeration within biological matrices and other environments are still challenging tasks; moreover mechanisms of nanoparticle (NP) translocation and persistence remain critical gaps. This review summarizes the current understanding of NM biokinetics focusing on determinants of biopersistence. Thorough particle characterization in different exposure scenarios and biological matrices requires use of suitable analytical methods and is a prerequisite to understand biopersistence and for the development of appropriate dosimetry. Analytical tools that potentially can facilitate elucidation of key NM characteristics, such as ion beam microscopy (IBM) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), are discussed in relation to their potential to advance the understanding of biopersistent NM kinetics. We conclude that a major requirement for future nanosafety research is the development and application of analytical tools to characterize NPs in different exposure scenarios and biological matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Laux
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Chemical and Product Safety, Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Riebeling
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Chemical and Product Safety, Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andy M Booth
- SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, Trondheim N-7465, Norway
| | - Joseph D Brain
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Josephine Brunner
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Chemical and Product Safety, Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Otto Creutzenberg
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Department of Inhalation Toxicology, Nikolai Fuchs Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Irina Estrela-Lopis
- Institute of Medical Physics & Biophysics, Leipzig University, Härtelstraße 16, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Gebel
- German Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Friedrich-Henkel-Weg 1-25, 44149 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Gunnar Johanson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Harald Jungnickel
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Chemical and Product Safety, Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Heiko Kock
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Department of Inhalation Toxicology, Nikolai Fuchs Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jutta Tentschert
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Chemical and Product Safety, Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ahmed Tlili
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Schäffer
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Adriënne J A M Sips
- National Institute for Public Health & the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Robert A Yokel
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Andreas Luch
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Chemical and Product Safety, Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
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20
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Arentz G, Mittal P, Zhang C, Ho YY, Briggs M, Winderbaum L, Hoffmann MK, Hoffmann P. Applications of Mass Spectrometry Imaging to Cancer. Adv Cancer Res 2017; 134:27-66. [PMID: 28110654 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pathologists play an essential role in the diagnosis and prognosis of benign and cancerous tumors. Clinicians provide tissue samples, for example, from a biopsy, which are then processed and thin sections are placed onto glass slides, followed by staining of the tissue with visible dyes. Upon processing and microscopic examination, a pathology report is provided, which relies on the pathologist's interpretation of the phenotypical presentation of the tissue. Targeted analysis of single proteins provide further insight and together with clinical data these results influence clinical decision making. Recent developments in mass spectrometry facilitate the collection of molecular information about such tissue specimens. These relatively new techniques generate label-free mass spectra across tissue sections providing nonbiased, nontargeted molecular information. At each pixel with spatial coordinates (x/y) a mass spectrum is acquired. The acquired mass spectrums can be visualized as intensity maps displaying the distribution of single m/z values of interest. Based on the sample preparation, proteins, peptides, lipids, small molecules, or glycans can be analyzed. The generated intensity maps/images allow new insights into tumor tissues. The technique has the ability to detect and characterize tumor cells and their environment in a spatial context and combined with histological staining, can be used to aid pathologists and clinicians in the diagnosis and management of cancer. Moreover, such data may help classify patients to aid therapy decisions and predict outcomes. The novel complementary mass spectrometry-based methods described in this chapter will contribute to the transformation of pathology services around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Arentz
- Adelaide Proteomics Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - P Mittal
- Adelaide Proteomics Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - C Zhang
- Adelaide Proteomics Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Y-Y Ho
- Adelaide Proteomics Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - M Briggs
- Adelaide Proteomics Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; ARC Centre for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - L Winderbaum
- Adelaide Proteomics Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - M K Hoffmann
- Adelaide Proteomics Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - P Hoffmann
- Adelaide Proteomics Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
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21
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Spatial Metabolite Profiling by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 965:291-321. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-47656-8_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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22
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Adams KJ, DeBord JD, Fernandez-Lima F. Lipid specific molecular ion emission as a function of the primary ion characteristics in TOF-SIMS. JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. B, NANOTECHNOLOGY & MICROELECTRONICS : MATERIALS, PROCESSING, MEASUREMENT, & PHENOMENA : JVST B 2016; 34:051804. [PMID: 27648391 PMCID: PMC5001976 DOI: 10.1116/1.4961461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, the emission characteristics of lipids as a function of the primary ion cluster size and energy were studied using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). Characteristic fragmentation patterns for common lipids are described, and changes in secondary ion (SI) yields using various primary ion beams are reported. In particular, emission characteristics were studied for pairs of small polyatomic and nanoparticle primary ion beams (e.g., Bi3+ versus Ar1000+ and Au3+ versus Au400+4) based on the secondary ion yield of characteristic fragment and intact molecular ions as a function of the lipid class. Detailed descriptions of the fragmentation patterns are shown for positive and negative mode TOF-SIMS. Results demonstrate that the lipid structure largely dictates the spectral presence of molecular and/or fragment ions in each ionization mode due to the localization of the charge carrier (head group or fatty acid chain). Our results suggest that the larger the energy per atom for small polyatomic projectiles (Bi3+ and Au3+), the larger the SI yield; in the case of nanoparticle projectiles, the SI increase with primary ion energy (200-500 keV range) for Au400+4 and with the decrease of the energy per atom (10-40 eV/atom range) for Arn=500-2000+ clusters. The secondary ion yield of the molecular ion of lipids from a single standard or from a mixture of lipids does not significantly change with the primary ion identity in the positive ion mode TOF-SIMS and slightly decreases in the negative ion mode TOF-SIMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendra J Adams
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University , Miami, Florida 33199
| | - John Daniel DeBord
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University , Miami, Florida 33199
| | - Francisco Fernandez-Lima
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University , Miami, Florida 33199 and Biomolecular Science Institute, Florida International University , Miami, Florida 33199
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23
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Evaluation of biomolecular distributions in rat brain tissues by means of ToF-SIMS using a continuous beam of Ar clusters. Biointerphases 2016; 11:02A307. [PMID: 26746166 DOI: 10.1116/1.4939251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) provides detailed chemical structure information and high spatial resolution images. Therefore, ToF-SIMS is useful for studying biological phenomena such as ischemia. In this study, in order to evaluate cerebral microinfarction, the distribution of biomolecules generated by ischemia was measured with ToF-SIMS. ToF-SIMS data sets were analyzed by means of multivariate analysis for interpreting complex samples containing unknown information and to obtain biomolecular mapping indicated by fragment ions from the target biomolecules. Using conventional ToF-SIMS (primary ion source: Bi cluster ion), it is difficult to detect secondary ions beyond approximately 1000 u. Moreover, the intensity of secondary ions related to biomolecules is not always high enough for imaging because of low concentration even if the masses are lower than 1000 u. However, for the observation of biomolecular distributions in tissues, it is important to detect low amounts of biological molecules from a particular area of tissue. Rat brain tissue samples were measured with ToF-SIMS (J105, Ionoptika, Ltd., Chandlers Ford, UK), using a continuous beam of Ar clusters as a primary ion source. ToF-SIMS with Ar clusters efficiently detects secondary ions related to biomolecules and larger molecules. Molecules detected by ToF-SIMS were examined by analyzing ToF-SIMS data using multivariate analysis. Microspheres (45 μm diameter) were injected into the rat unilateral internal carotid artery (MS rat) to cause cerebral microinfarction. The rat brain was sliced and then measured with ToF-SIMS. The brain samples of a normal rat and the MS rat were examined to find specific secondary ions related to important biomolecules, and then the difference between them was investigated. Finally, specific secondary ions were found around vessels incorporating microspheres in the MS rat. The results suggest that important biomolecules related to cerebral microinfarction can be detected by ToF-SIMS.
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Abstract
Plant-omics is rapidly becoming an important field of study in the scientific community due to the urgent need to address many of the most important questions facing humanity today with regard to agriculture, medicine, biofuels, environmental decontamination, ecological sustainability, etc. High-performance mass spectrometry is a dominant tool for interrogating the metabolomes, peptidomes, and proteomes of a diversity of plant species under various conditions, revealing key insights into the functions and mechanisms of plant biochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Gemperline
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Caitlin Keller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Lingjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States.,School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
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25
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Abstract
During the last decade, lateral and temporal localization of drug compounds and their metabolites have been demonstrated and dynamically developed using MS imaging. The pharmaceutical industry has recognized the potential of the technology that provides simultaneous distribution and quantitative data. In this review, we present the latest technological achievements and summarize applications of drug imaging focusing on studies about metabolites by MALDI-MS imaging. We also introduce potential areas with pharmaceutical applications that are currently under exploration, including pharmacological, toxicological characterizations and metabolic enzyme localization in comparison with drug and metabolite distribution.
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26
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Boughton BA, Thinagaran D, Sarabia D, Bacic A, Roessner U. Mass spectrometry imaging for plant biology: a review. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2015; 15:445-488. [PMID: 27340381 PMCID: PMC4870303 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-015-9440-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a developing technique to measure the spatio-temporal distribution of many biomolecules in tissues. Over the preceding decade, MSI has been adopted by plant biologists and applied in a broad range of areas, including primary metabolism, natural products, plant defense, plant responses to abiotic and biotic stress, plant lipids and the developing field of spatial metabolomics. This review covers recent advances in plant-based MSI, general aspects of instrumentation, analytical approaches, sample preparation and the current trends in respective plant research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berin A. Boughton
- />Metabolomics Australia, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Dinaiz Thinagaran
- />School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Daniel Sarabia
- />School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Antony Bacic
- />School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
- />ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
- />Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Ute Roessner
- />School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
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27
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Seah MP, Havelund R, Shard AG, Gilmore IS. Sputtering Yields for Mixtures of Organic Materials Using Argon Gas Cluster Ions. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:13433-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b06713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. P. Seah
- Analytical Science Division, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
| | - R. Havelund
- Analytical Science Division, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
| | - A. G. Shard
- Analytical Science Division, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
| | - I. S. Gilmore
- Analytical Science Division, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
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28
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Philipp P, Angerer TB, Sämfors S, Blenkinsopp P, Fletcher JS, Wirtz T. Significant enhancement of negative secondary ion yields by cluster ion bombardment combined with cesium flooding. Anal Chem 2015; 87:10025-32. [PMID: 26378890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b02635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), the beneficial effect of cesium implantation or flooding on the enhancement of negative secondary ion yields has been investigated in detail for various semiconductor and metal samples. All results have been obtained for monatomic ion bombardment. Recent progress in SIMS is based to a large extent on the development and use of cluster primary ions. In this work we show that the enhancement of negative secondary ions induced by the combination of ion bombardment with simultaneous cesium flooding is valid not only for monatomic ion bombardment but also for cluster primary ions. Experiments carried out using C60+ and Ar4000+ bombardment on silicon show that yields of negative secondary silicon ions can be optimized in the same way as by Ga+ and Cs+ bombardment. Both for monatomic and cluster ion bombardment, the optimization does not depend on the primary ion species. Hence, it can be assumed that the silicon results are also valid for other cluster primary ions and that results obtained for monatomic ion bombardment on other semiconductor and metal samples are also valid for cluster ion bombardment. In SIMS, cluster primary ions are also largely used for the analysis of organic matter. For polycarbonate, our results show that Ar4000+ bombardment combined with cesium flooding enhances secondary ion signals by a factor of 6. This can be attributed to the removal of charging effects and/or reduced fragmentation, but no major influence on ionization processes can be observed. The use of cesium flooding for the imaging of cells was also investigated and a significant enhancement of secondary ion yields was observed. Hence, cesium flooding has also a vast potential for SIMS analyses with cluster ion bombardment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Philipp
- Advanced Instrumentation for Ion Nano-Analytics (AINA), MRT Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST) , L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Tina B Angerer
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg , SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sanna Sämfors
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology , SE-412 90 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - John S Fletcher
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg , SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology , SE-412 90 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tom Wirtz
- Advanced Instrumentation for Ion Nano-Analytics (AINA), MRT Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST) , L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
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29
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Sumner LW, Lei Z, Nikolau BJ, Saito K. Modern plant metabolomics: advanced natural product gene discoveries, improved technologies, and future prospects. Nat Prod Rep 2015; 32:212-29. [PMID: 25342293 DOI: 10.1039/c4np00072b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Plant metabolomics has matured and modern plant metabolomics has accelerated gene discoveries and the elucidation of a variety of plant natural product biosynthetic pathways. This review covers the approximate period of 2000 to 2014, and highlights specific examples of the discovery and characterization of novel genes and enzymes associated with the biosynthesis of natural products such as flavonoids, glucosinolates, terpenoids, and alkaloids. Additional examples of the integration of metabolomics with genome-based functional characterizations of plant natural products that are important to modern pharmaceutical technology are also reviewed. This article also provides a substantial review of recent technical advances in mass spectrometry imaging, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, integrated LC-MS-SPE-NMR for metabolite identifications, and X-ray crystallography of microgram quantities for structural determinations. The review closes with a discussion on the future prospects of metabolomics related to crop species and herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lloyd W Sumner
- The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Plant Biology Division, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, OK, USA.
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30
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Vanbellingen QP, Elie N, Eller MJ, Della-Negra S, Touboul D, Brunelle A. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging of biological samples with delayed extraction for high mass and high spatial resolutions. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2015; 29:1187-95. [PMID: 26395603 PMCID: PMC5033000 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE In Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), pulsed and focused primary ion beams enable mass spectrometry imaging, a method which is particularly useful to map various small molecules such as lipids at the surface of biological samples. When using TOF-SIMS instruments, the focusing modes of the primary ion beam delivered by liquid metal ion guns can provide either a mass resolution of several thousand or a sub-µm lateral resolution, but the combination of both is generally not possible. METHODS With a TOF-SIMS setup, a delayed extraction applied to secondary ions has been studied extensively on rat cerebellum sections in order to compensate for the effect of long primary ion bunches. RESULTS The use of a delayed extraction has been proven to be an efficient solution leading to unique features, i.e. a mass resolution up to 10000 at m/z 385.4 combined with a lateral resolution of about 400 nm. Simulations of ion trajectories confirm the experimental determination of optimal delayed extraction and allow understanding of the behavior of ions as a function of their mass-to-charge ratio. CONCLUSIONS Although the use of a delayed extraction has been well known for many years and is very popular in MALDI, it is much less used in TOF-SIMS. Its full characterization now enables secondary ion images to be recorded in a single run with a submicron spatial resolution and with a mass resolution of several thousand. This improvement is very useful when analyzing lipids on tissue sections, or rare, precious, or very small size samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin P Vanbellingen
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS-ICSN UPR2301, Université Paris-Sud, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Nicolas Elie
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS-ICSN UPR2301, Université Paris-Sud, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Michael J Eller
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, UMR8608, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 91406, Orsay, France
| | - Serge Della-Negra
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, UMR8608, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 91406, Orsay, France
| | - David Touboul
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS-ICSN UPR2301, Université Paris-Sud, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Alain Brunelle
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS-ICSN UPR2301, Université Paris-Sud, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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31
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Time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry of bone-Impact of sample preparation and measurement conditions. Biointerphases 2015; 11:02A302. [PMID: 26253108 DOI: 10.1116/1.4928211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) enables the simultaneous detection of organic and inorganic ions and fragments with high mass and spatial resolution. Due to recent technical developments, ToF-SIMS has been increasingly applied in the life sciences where sample preparation plays an eminent role for the quality of the analytical results. This paper focusses on sample preparation of bone tissue and its impact on ToF-SIMS analysis. The analysis of bone is important for the understanding of bone diseases and the development of replacement materials and new drugs for the cure of diseased bone. The main purpose of this paper is to find out which preparation process is best suited for ToF-SIMS analysis of bone tissue in order to obtain reliable and reproducible analytical results. The influence of the embedding process on the different components of bone is evaluated using principal component analysis. It is shown that epoxy resin as well as methacrylate based plastics (Epon and Technovit) as embedding materials do not infiltrate the mineralized tissue and that cut sections are better suited for the ToF-SIMS analysis than ground sections. In case of ground samples, a resin layer is smeared over the sample surface due to the polishing step and overlap of peaks is found. Beside some signals of fatty acids in the negative ion mode, the analysis of native, not embedded samples does not provide any advantage. The influence of bismuth bombardment and O2 flooding on the signal intensity of organic and inorganic fragments due to the variation of the ionization probability is additionally discussed. As C60 sputtering has to be applied to remove the smeared resin layer, its effect especially on the organic fragments of the bone is analyzed and described herein.
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32
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Cobice DF, Goodwin RJA, Andren PE, Nilsson A, Mackay CL, Andrew R. Future technology insight: mass spectrometry imaging as a tool in drug research and development. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:3266-83. [PMID: 25766375 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In pharmaceutical research, understanding the biodistribution, accumulation and metabolism of drugs in tissue plays a key role during drug discovery and development. In particular, information regarding pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and transport properties of compounds in tissues is crucial during early screening. Historically, the abundance and distribution of drugs have been assessed by well-established techniques such as quantitative whole-body autoradiography (WBA) or tissue homogenization with LC/MS analysis. However, WBA does not distinguish active drug from its metabolites and LC/MS, while highly sensitive, does not report spatial distribution. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) can discriminate drug and its metabolites and endogenous compounds, while simultaneously reporting their distribution. MSI data are influencing drug development and currently used in investigational studies in areas such as compound toxicity. In in vivo studies MSI results may soon be used to support new drug regulatory applications, although clinical trial MSI data will take longer to be validated for incorporation into submissions. We review the current and future applications of MSI, focussing on applications for drug discovery and development, with examples to highlight the impact of this promising technique in early drug screening. Recent sample preparation and analysis methods that enable effective MSI, including quantitative analysis of drugs from tissue sections will be summarized and key aspects of methodological protocols to increase the effectiveness of MSI analysis for previously undetectable targets addressed. These examples highlight how MSI has become a powerful tool in drug research and development and offers great potential in streamlining the drug discovery process.
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Affiliation(s)
- D F Cobice
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - R J A Goodwin
- Drug Metabolism and Distribution, Mass Spectrometry Imaging, AstraZeneca R&D, Macclesfield, UK
| | - P E Andren
- Biomolecular Imaging and Proteomics, National Center for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - A Nilsson
- Biomolecular Imaging and Proteomics, National Center for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - C L Mackay
- SIRCAMS, School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - R Andrew
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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33
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Ahn SH, Park KM, Moon JH, Lee SH, Kim MS. Acquisition of the depth profiles and reproducible mass spectra in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization of inhomogeneous samples. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2015; 29:745-752. [PMID: 26406489 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE In our previous analysis of the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) spectra of peptides, we treated their depth profiles in solid samples as homogeneous. Here, we wanted to determine if the reproducible MALDI spectra and linear calibration curves reported previously would be obtained even when the depth profiles were inhomogeneous. METHODS We derived a formula relating shot-number-dependent ion abundance data in temperature-controlled MALDI with the analyte depth profile in a solid sample. We prepared samples containing peptides, amino acids, and serotonin in α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid matrix by vacuum-drying and micro-spotting methods, recorded their MALDI spectra, and analyzed them with the aforementioned formula. RESULTS For the samples prepared by vacuum-drying, the analyte depth profiles were inhomogeneous and maximized at the sample surface. Although the MALDI spectra changed as the shot continued, their sum over the entire set of spectra acquired from a spot was reproducible. Similarly, a high-quality calibration curve could be obtained with the spectral data summed over the entire set. Depth profiles were homogeneous for samples prepared by micro-spotting. CONCLUSIONS A method has been developed to obtain a reproducible MALDI spectrum and a linear calibration curve for an analyte with an inhomogeneous depth profile in a solid sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hee Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, Korea
| | - Kyung Man Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, Korea
| | - Jeong Hee Moon
- Medical Proteomics Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, 305-806, Korea
| | - Seong Hoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, Korea
| | - Myung Soo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, Korea
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34
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Gamble LJ, Graham DJ, Bluestein B, Whitehead NP, Hockenbery D, Morrish F, Porter P. ToF-SIMS of tissues: "lessons learned" from mice and women. Biointerphases 2015; 10:019008. [PMID: 25708638 PMCID: PMC4327923 DOI: 10.1116/1.4907860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to image cells and tissues with chemical and molecular specificity could greatly expand our understanding of biological processes. The subcellular resolution mass spectral imaging capability of time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) has the potential to acquire chemically detailed images. However, the complexities of biological systems combined with the sensitivity of ToF-SIMS require careful planning of experimental methods. Tissue sample preparation methods of formalin fixation followed by paraffin embedding (FFPE) and OCT embedding are compared. Results show that the FFPE can potentially be used as a tissue sample preparation protocol for ToF-SIMS analysis if a cluster ion pre-sputter is used prior to analysis and if nonlipid related tissue features are the features of interest. In contrast, embedding tissue in OCT minimizes contamination and maintains lipid signals. Various data acquisition methodologies and analysis options are discussed and compared using mouse breast and diaphragm muscle tissue. Methodologies for acquiring ToF-SIMS 2D images are highlighted along with applications of multivariate analysis to better identify specific features in a tissue sections when compared to H&E images of serial sections. Identification of tissue features is necessary for researchers to visualize a molecular map that correlates with specific biological features or functions. Finally, lessons learned from sample preparation, data acquisition, and data analysis methods developed using mouse models are applied to a preliminary analysis of human breast tumor tissue sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara J Gamble
- Department of Bioengineering, Molecular Engineering and Sciences Building, University of Washington, Box 351653, Seattle, Washington 98195-1653
| | - Daniel J Graham
- Department of Bioengineering, Molecular Engineering and Sciences Building, University of Washington, Box 351653, Seattle, Washington 98195-1653
| | - Blake Bluestein
- Department of Bioengineering, Molecular Engineering and Sciences Building, University of Washington, Box 351653, Seattle, Washington 98195-1653
| | - Nicholas P Whitehead
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Box 357290, Seattle, Washington 98195-1653
| | - David Hockenbery
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109
| | | | - Peggy Porter
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109
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35
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Quantitative analysis of lipids with argon gas cluster ion beam secondary ion mass spectrometry. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.5518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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36
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Fujii M, Kusakari M, Matsuda K, Man N, Seki T, Aoki T, Matsuo J. Lipid compounds analysis with MeV-SIMS apparatus for biological applications. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.5524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Fujii
- Quantum Science and Engineering Center; Kyoto University; Gokasho Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Masakazu Kusakari
- Department of Nuclear Engineering; Kyoto University; Gokasho Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Matsuda
- Surface Analysis Laboratories; Toray Research Center, Inc.; 3-7, Sonoyama 3-chome Otsu Shiga 520-8567 Japan
| | - Naoki Man
- Surface Analysis Laboratories; Toray Research Center, Inc.; 3-7, Sonoyama 3-chome Otsu Shiga 520-8567 Japan
| | - Toshio Seki
- Department of Nuclear Engineering; Kyoto University; Gokasho Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Takaaki Aoki
- Department of Electronic Science and Engineering; Kyoto University; Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Jiro Matsuo
- Quantum Science and Engineering Center; Kyoto University; Gokasho Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
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37
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Berrueta Razo I, Sheraz S, Henderson A, Lockyer NP, Vickerman JC. Comparing C
60
+
and (H
2
O)
n
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clusters for mouse brain tissue analysis. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.5597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irma Berrueta Razo
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB) The University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Sadia Sheraz
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB) The University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Alex Henderson
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB) The University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Nicholas P. Lockyer
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB) The University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - John C. Vickerman
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB) The University of Manchester Manchester UK
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38
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Challenges and recent advances in mass spectrometric imaging of neurotransmitters. Bioanalysis 2014; 6:525-40. [PMID: 24568355 DOI: 10.4155/bio.13.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometric imaging (MSI) is a powerful tool that grants the ability to investigate a broad mass range of molecules, from small molecules to large proteins, by creating detailed distribution maps of selected compounds. To date, MSI has demonstrated its versatility in the study of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides of different classes toward investigation of neurobiological functions and diseases. These studies have provided significant insight in neurobiology over the years and current technical advances are facilitating further improvements in this field. Herein, we briefly review new MSI studies of neurotransmitters, focusing specifically on the challenges and recent advances of MSI of neurotransmitters.
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39
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DeBord JD, Smith DF, Anderton CR, Heeren RMA, Paša-Tolić L, Gomer RH, Fernandez-Lima FA. Secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging of Dictyostelium discoideum aggregation streams. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99319. [PMID: 24911189 PMCID: PMC4049834 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
High resolution imaging mass spectrometry could become a valuable tool for cell and developmental biology, but both, high spatial and mass spectral resolution are needed to enable this. In this report, we employed Bi3 bombardment time-of-flight (Bi3 ToF-SIMS) and C60 bombardment Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance secondary ion mass spectrometry (C60 FTICR-SIMS) to image Dictyostelium discoideum aggregation streams. Nearly 300 lipid species were identified from the aggregation streams. High resolution mass spectrometry imaging (FTICR-SIMS) enabled the generation of multiple molecular ion maps at the nominal mass level and provided good coverage for fatty acyls, prenol lipids, and sterol lipids. The comparison of Bi3 ToF-SIMS and C60 FTICR-SIMS suggested that while the first provides fast, high spatial resolution molecular ion images, the chemical complexity of biological samples warrants the use of high resolution analyzers for accurate ion identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Daniel DeBord
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Donald F. Smith
- FOM Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher R. Anderton
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States of America
| | - Ron M. A. Heeren
- FOM Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ljiljana Paša-Tolić
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States of America
| | - Richard H. Gomer
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Francisco A. Fernandez-Lima
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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40
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Weidmann S, Zenobi R. High-mass MALDI-MS using ion conversion dynode detectors: influence of the conversion voltage on sensitivity and spectral quality. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2014; 25:950-954. [PMID: 24683015 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-014-0867-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
With the development of special ion conversion dynode (ICD) detectors for high-mass matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS), the mass-to-charge ratio is no longer a limiting factor. Although these detectors have been successfully used in the past, there is lack of understanding of the basic processes in the detector. We present a systematic study to investigate the performance of such an ICD detector and separate the contributions of the MALDI process from the ones of the ion-to-secondary ion and the secondary ion-to-electron conversions. The performance was evaluated as a function of the voltages applied to the conversion dynodes and the sample amount utilized, and we found that the detector reflects the MALDI process correctly: limitations such as sensitivity or deviations from the expected signal intensity ratios originate from the MALDI process itself and not from the detector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Weidmann
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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41
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Tian H, Fletcher JS, Thuret R, Henderson A, Papalopulu N, Vickerman JC, Lockyer NP. Spatiotemporal lipid profiling during early embryo development of Xenopus laevis using dynamic ToF-SIMS imaging. J Lipid Res 2014; 55:1970-80. [PMID: 24852167 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d048660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) imaging has been used for the direct analysis of single intact Xenopus laevis embryo surfaces, locating multiple lipids during fertilization and the early embryo development stages with subcellular lateral resolution (∼4 μm). The method avoids the complicated sample preparation for lipid analysis of the embryos, which requires selective chemical extraction of a pool of samples and chromatographic separation, while preserving the spatial distribution of biological species. The results show ToF-SIMS is capable of profiling multiple components (e.g., glycerophosphocholine, SM, cholesterol, vitamin E, diacylglycerol, and triacylglycerol) in a single X. laevis embryo. We observe lipid remodeling during fertilization and early embryo development via time course sampling. The study also reveals the lipid distribution on the gamete fusion site. The methodology used in the study opens the possibility of studying developmental biology using high resolution imaging MS and of understanding the functional role of the biological molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Tian
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - John S Fletcher
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Raphael Thuret
- Faculty of Life Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Alex Henderson
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Nancy Papalopulu
- Faculty of Life Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - John C Vickerman
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Nicholas P Lockyer
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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42
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Distribution study of atorvastatin and its metabolites in rat tissues using combined information from UHPLC/MS and MALDI-Orbitrap-MS imaging. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:4601-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-7880-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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43
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Fujii M, Nakagawa S, Matsuda K, Man N, Seki T, Aoki T, Matsuo J. Study on the detection limits of a new argon gas cluster ion beam secondary ion mass spectrometry apparatus using lipid compound samples. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2014; 28:917-920. [PMID: 24623696 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Ar gas cluster ion beam secondary ion mass spectrometry (Ar-GCIB SIMS) has been developed as one of the most powerful tools used for analyzing complex biological materials because of its distinctively high secondary ion yield of large organic molecules. However, for the practical analysis of minor components in complex biological materials, the sensitivity of the technique is still insufficient. METHODS The detection limits of our original Ar-GCIB SIMS apparatus were investigated by measuring lipid compound samples in positive ion mode. The samples were mixtures of 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (C44 H88 NO8 P, DSPC) and 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (C40 H80 NO8 P, DPPC). The primary ions were accelerated with 10 keV and the mean cluster size was 1500. The secondary [M+H](+) ions emitted from the sample were analyzed using an orthogonal acceleration time-of-flight mass spectrometer (oa-TOF-MS). In addition, the isotope abundance ratio and the ratio of the [M+H](+) ion signal to the fragment ion signal acquired with Ar-GCIB SIMS were compared with those obtained with conventional Bi cluster SIMS. RESULTS Secondary [M+H](+) ions and some characteristic fragment ions were clearly observed with high quantitative accuracy in the mass spectra acquired with Ar-GCIB SIMS. The results were clearly better than those obtained with conventional Bi cluster SIMS. CONCLUSIONS The detection limit of Ar-GCIB SIMS was found to be below 0.1% and was much lower than that of conventional Bi cluster SIMS because of the high [M+H](+) ion yield and the low background. The results suggested that the new Ar-GCIB SIMS apparatus has the capability to acquire valuable information on complex biological materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Fujii
- Quantum Science and Engineering Center, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
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44
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Kraft ML, Klitzing HA. Imaging lipids with secondary ion mass spectrometry. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2014; 1841:1108-19. [PMID: 24657337 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This review discusses the application of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) and magnetic sector SIMS with high lateral resolution performed on a Cameca NanoSIMS 50(L) to imaging lipids. The similarities between the two SIMS approaches and the differences that impart them with complementary strengths are described, and various strategies for sample preparation and to optimize the quality of the SIMS data are presented. Recent reports that demonstrate the new insight into lipid biochemistry that can be acquired with SIMS are also highlighted. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Tools to study lipid functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary L Kraft
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Haley A Klitzing
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Takeuchi M, Hayashi K, Imanaka K, Ryuto H, Takaoka GH. Low fragment polyatomic molecular ion source by using permanent magnets. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2014; 85:02A502. [PMID: 24593425 DOI: 10.1063/1.4826328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Electron-ionization-type polyatomic molecular ion source with low fragment was developed by using a pair of ring-shaped Sm-Co magnets. The magnets were placed forward and backward side of ionization part to confine electrons extracted from a thermionic cathode. Calculated electron trajectory of the developed ion source was 20 times longer than that of an ordinary outer filament configuration that has no magnetic confinement. Mass spectra of the molecular ions generated from n-tetradecane (C14H30) gas exhibited 4 times larger intensity than that of the ordinary configuration in a range of mass/charge from 93 to 210 u. This indicates that suppression of fragment ion was obtained by increase of low energy electrons resulted from the electron confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuaki Takeuchi
- Photonics and Electronics Science and Engineering Center, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kyouhei Hayashi
- Photonics and Electronics Science and Engineering Center, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kousuke Imanaka
- Photonics and Electronics Science and Engineering Center, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Ryuto
- Photonics and Electronics Science and Engineering Center, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Gikan H Takaoka
- Photonics and Electronics Science and Engineering Center, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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Abstract
Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) is capable of providing detailed atomic and molecular characterization of the surface chemistry of (bio)molecular samples. It is one of a range of mass spectrometry imaging techniques that combine the high sensitivity and specificity of mass spectrometry with the capability to view the distribution of analytes within solid samples. The technique is particularly suited to the detection and imaging of small molecules such as lipids and other metabolites. A limit of detection in the ppm range and spatial resolution <1 μm can be obtained. Recent progress in instrumental developments, including new cluster ion beams, the implementation of tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), and the application of multivariate data analysis protocols promise further advances. This chapter presents a brief overview of the technique and methodology of SIMS using exemplar studies of biological cells and tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas P Lockyer
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Shih CJ, Chen PY, Liaw CC, Lai YM, Yang YL. Bringing microbial interactions to light using imaging mass spectrometry. Nat Prod Rep 2014; 31:739-55. [DOI: 10.1039/c3np70091g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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48
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Ovchinnikova OS, Kjoller K, Hurst GB, Pelletier DA, Van Berkel GJ. Atomic force microscope controlled topographical imaging and proximal probe thermal desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging. Anal Chem 2013; 86:1083-90. [PMID: 24377265 DOI: 10.1021/ac4026576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports on the development of a hybrid atmospheric pressure atomic force microscopy/mass spectrometry imaging system utilizing nanothermal analysis probes for thermal desorption surface sampling with subsequent atmospheric pressure chemical ionization and mass analysis. The basic instrumental setup and the general operation of the system were discussed, and optimized performance metrics were presented. The ability to correlate topographic images of a surface with atomic force microscopy and a mass spectral chemical image of the same surface, utilizing the same probe without moving the sample from the system, was demonstrated. Co-registered mass spectral chemical images and atomic force microscopy topographical images were obtained from inked patterns on paper as well as from a living bacterial colony on an agar gel. Spatial resolution of the topography images based on pixel size (0.2 μm × 0.8 μm) was better than the resolution of the mass spectral images (2.5 μm × 2.0 μm), which were limited by current mass spectral data acquisition rate and system detection levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga S Ovchinnikova
- Organic and Biological Mass Spectrometry Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6131
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49
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Weidmann S, Mikutis G, Barylyuk K, Zenobi R. Mass discrimination in high-mass MALDI-MS. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2013; 24:1396-1404. [PMID: 23836380 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-013-0686-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In high-mass matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS), the accessible m/z range is limited by the detector used. Therefore, special high-mass detectors based on ion conversion dynodes (ICDs) have been developed. Recently, we have found that mass bias may exist when such ICD detectors are used [Weidmann et al., Anal. Chem. 85(6), 3425-3432 (2013)]. In this contribution, the mass-dependent response of an ICD detector was systematically studied, the response factors for proteins with molecular weights from 35.9 to 129.9 kDa were determined, and the reasons for mass bias were identified. Compared with commonly employed microchannel plate detectors, we found that the mass discrimination is less pronounced, although ions with higher masses are weakly favored when using an ICD detector. The relative response was found to depend on the laser power used for MALDI; low-mass ions are discriminated against with higher laser power. The effect of mutual ion suppression in dependence of the proteins used and their molar ratio is shown. Mixtures consisting of protein oligomers that only differ in mass show less mass discrimination than mixtures consisting of different proteins with similar masses. Furthermore, mass discrimination increases for molar ratios far from 1. Finally, we present clear guidelines that help to choose the experimental parameters such that the response measured matches the actual molar fraction as closely as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Weidmann
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology) Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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50
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Trimpin S, Wang B, Lietz CB, Marshall DD, Richards AL, Inutan ED. New ionization processes and applications for use in mass spectrometry. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2013; 48:409-29. [DOI: 10.3109/10409238.2013.806887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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