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Hastings MH, Brancaccio M, Gonzalez-Aponte MF, Herzog ED. Circadian Rhythms and Astrocytes: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly. Annu Rev Neurosci 2023; 46:123-143. [PMID: 36854316 PMCID: PMC10381027 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-neuro-100322-112249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
This review explores the interface between circadian timekeeping and the regulation of brain function by astrocytes. Although astrocytes regulate neuronal activity across many time domains, their cell-autonomous circadian clocks exert a particular role in controlling longer-term oscillations of brain function: the maintenance of sleep states and the circadian ordering of sleep and wakefulness. This is most evident in the central circadian pacemaker, the suprachiasmatic nucleus, where the molecular clock of astrocytes suffices to drive daily cycles of neuronal activity and behavior. In Alzheimer's disease, sleep impairments accompany cognitive decline. In mouse models of the disease, circadian disturbances accelerate astroglial activation and other brain pathologies, suggesting that daily functions in astrocytes protect neuronal homeostasis. In brain cancer, treatment in the morning has been associated with prolonged survival, and gliomas have daily rhythms in gene expression and drug sensitivity. Thus, circadian time is fast becoming critical to elucidating reciprocal astrocytic-neuronal interactions in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H Hastings
- Division of Neurobiology, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom;
| | - Marco Brancaccio
- UK Dementia Research Institute and Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria F Gonzalez-Aponte
- Department of Biology, Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA;
| | - Erik D Herzog
- Department of Biology, Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA;
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2
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Circadian disruption and sleep disorders in neurodegeneration. Transl Neurodegener 2023; 12:8. [PMID: 36782262 PMCID: PMC9926748 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-023-00340-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruptions of circadian rhythms and sleep cycles are common among neurodegenerative diseases and can occur at multiple levels. Accumulating evidence reveals a bidirectional relationship between disruptions of circadian rhythms and sleep cycles and neurodegenerative diseases. Circadian disruption and sleep disorders aggravate neurodegeneration and neurodegenerative diseases can in turn disrupt circadian rhythms and sleep. Importantly, circadian disruption and various sleep disorders can increase the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, harnessing the circadian biology findings from preclinical and translational research in neurodegenerative diseases is of importance for reducing risk of neurodegeneration and improving symptoms and quality of life of individuals with neurodegenerative disorders via approaches that normalize circadian in the context of precision medicine. In this review, we discuss the implications of circadian disruption and sleep disorders in neurodegenerative diseases by summarizing evidence from both human and animal studies, focusing on the bidirectional links of sleep and circadian rhythms with prevalent forms of neurodegeneration. These findings provide valuable insights into the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and suggest a promising role of circadian-based interventions.
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3
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Regensburger M, Rasul Chaudhry S, Yasin H, Zhao Y, Stadlbauer A, Buchfelder M, Kinfe T. Emerging roles of leptin in Parkinson's disease: Chronic inflammation, neuroprotection and more? Brain Behav Immun 2023; 107:53-61. [PMID: 36150585 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing body of experimental evidence implicates a relationship between immunometabolic deterioration and the progression of Parkinson's disease (PD) with a dysregulation of central and peripheral neuroinflammatory networks mediated by circulating adipokines, in particular leptin. We screened the current literature on the role of adipokines in PD. Hence, we searched known databases (PubMed, MEDLINE/OVID) and reviewed original and review articles using the following terms: "leptin/ObR", "Parkinson's disease", "immune-metabolism", "biomarkers" and "neuroinflammation". Focusing on leptin, we summarize and discuss the existing in vivo and in vitro evidence on how adipokines may be protective against neurodegeneration, but at the same time contribute to the progression of PD. These components of the adipose brain axis represent a hitherto underestimated pathway to study systemic influences on dopaminergic degeneration. In addition, we give a comprehensive update on the potential of adjunctive therapeutics in PD targeting leptin, leptin-receptors, and associated pathways. Further experimental and clinical trials are needed to elucidate the mechanisms of action and the value of central and peripheral adipose-immune-metabolism molecular phenotyping in order to develop and validate the differential roles of different adipokines as potential therapeutic target for PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Regensburger
- Department of Molecular Neurology, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU), Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; Center for Rare Diseases Erlangen (ZSEER), University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Shafqat Rasul Chaudhry
- Obaid Noor Institute of Medical Sciences (ONIMS), Mianwali, Pakistan; Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hammad Yasin
- Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Yining Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU), Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Stadlbauer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU), Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Buchfelder
- Department of Neurosurgery, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU), Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Kinfe
- Division of Functional Neurosurgery and Stereotaxy, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU), Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
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4
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Hunt J, Coulson EJ, Rajnarayanan R, Oster H, Videnovic A, Rawashdeh O. Sleep and circadian rhythms in Parkinson's disease and preclinical models. Mol Neurodegener 2022; 17:2. [PMID: 35000606 PMCID: PMC8744293 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-021-00504-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of animals as models of human physiology is, and has been for many years, an indispensable tool for understanding the mechanisms of human disease. In Parkinson's disease, various mouse models form the cornerstone of these investigations. Early models were developed to reflect the traditional histological features and motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. However, it is important that models accurately encompass important facets of the disease to allow for comprehensive mechanistic understanding and translational significance. Circadian rhythm and sleep issues are tightly correlated to Parkinson's disease, and often arise prior to the presentation of typical motor deficits. It is essential that models used to understand Parkinson's disease reflect these dysfunctions in circadian rhythms and sleep, both to facilitate investigations into mechanistic interplay between sleep and disease, and to assist in the development of circadian rhythm-facing therapeutic treatments. This review describes the extent to which various genetically- and neurotoxically-induced murine models of Parkinson's reflect the sleep and circadian abnormalities of Parkinson's disease observed in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Hunt
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Elizabeth J. Coulson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Henrik Oster
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Aleksandar Videnovic
- Movement Disorders Unit and Division of Sleep Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Oliver Rawashdeh
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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5
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Verugina NI, Levin OS, Lyashenko EA. [Neuroendocrine and metabolic impairments in patients with Parkinson's disease]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2020; 120:67-73. [PMID: 33205933 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202012010267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
ABSRACT Neuroendocrine and neurometabolic disorders, although occasionally noted in Parkinson's disease (PD), existed in the shadow of motor and non-motor symptoms (hypokinesia, rigidity, tremor, depression, constipation, etc.). In recent years, they are increasingly being diagnosed and are the subject of special research. These include, in particular, disorders of carbohydrate metabolism, changes in body weight, metabolic disorders in bone tissue, secretion, as well as the secretion of neurohormones, such as melatonin. They are associated with other non-motor symptoms, negatively affect patients' general condition and quality of life, but can be treatable. At the same time, treatment of neuroendocrine and neurometabolic disorders can favorably influence the rate of progression of the disease as a whole. This review discusses the pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical consequences, as well as pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches to the treatment of neuroendocrine and neurometabolic disorders arising in PD, which have been relatively rarely covered in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- N I Verugina
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - O S Levin
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - E A Lyashenko
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
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Kessler K, Hornemann S, Rudovich N, Weber D, Grune T, Kramer A, Pfeiffer AFH, Pivovarova-Ramich O. Saliva Samples as A Tool to Study the Effect of Meal Timing on Metabolic And Inflammatory Biomarkers. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020340. [PMID: 32013045 PMCID: PMC7071228 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Meal timing affects metabolic regulation in humans. Most studies use blood samples for their investigations. Saliva, although easily available and non-invasive, seems to be rarely used for chrononutritional studies. In this pilot study, we tested if saliva samples could be used to study the effect of timing of carbohydrate and fat intake on metabolic rhythms. In this cross-over trial, 29 nonobese men were randomized to two isocaloric 4-week diets: (1) carbohydrate-rich meals until 13:30 and high-fat meals between 16:30 and 22:00 or (2) the inverse order of meals. Stimulated saliva samples were collected every 4 h for 24 h at the end of each intervention, and levels of hormones and inflammatory biomarkers were assessed in saliva and blood. Cortisol, melatonin, resistin, adiponectin, interleukin-6 and MCP-1 demonstrated distinct diurnal variations, mirroring daytime reports in blood and showing significant correlations with blood levels. The rhythm patterns were similar for both diets, indicating that timing of carbohydrate and fat intake has a minimal effect on metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers in saliva. Our study revealed that saliva is a promising tool for the non-invasive assessment of metabolic rhythms in chrononutritional studies, but standardisation of sample collection is needed in out-of-lab studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Kessler
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (K.K.); (S.H.); (N.R.); (A.F.H.P.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany;
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité University of Medicine, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- Biomineral Research Group, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK
| | - Silke Hornemann
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (K.K.); (S.H.); (N.R.); (A.F.H.P.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany;
| | - Natalia Rudovich
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (K.K.); (S.H.); (N.R.); (A.F.H.P.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany;
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité University of Medicine, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Spital Bülach, 8180 Bülach, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Weber
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany;
- NutriAct-Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany;
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany;
- NutriAct-Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 10785 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Nutrition, University of Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Achim Kramer
- Laboratory of Chronobiology, Institute for Medical Immunology, Charité University of Medicine, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Andreas F. H. Pfeiffer
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (K.K.); (S.H.); (N.R.); (A.F.H.P.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany;
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité University of Medicine, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Olga Pivovarova-Ramich
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (K.K.); (S.H.); (N.R.); (A.F.H.P.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany;
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité University of Medicine, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- Reseach Group Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Dept. of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
- Correspondence:
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7
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Fifel K, Videnovic A. Chronotherapies for Parkinson's disease. Prog Neurobiol 2019; 174:16-27. [PMID: 30658126 PMCID: PMC6377295 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second-most common progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Although the clinical diagnosis of PD is still based on its cardinal motor dysfunctions, several non-motor symptoms (NMS) have been established as integral part of the disease. Unlike motor disorders, development of therapies against NMS are still challenging and remain a critical unmet clinical need. During the last decade, several studies have characterised the molecular, physiological and behavioural alterations of the circadian system in PD patients. As a consequence, and given the ubiquitous nature of circadian rhythms in the entire organism, the biological clock has emerged as a potential therapeutic target to ease suffering from both motor and NMS in PD patients. Here we discuss the emerging field of using bright light, physical exercise and melatonin as chronotherapeutic tools to alleviate motor disorders, sleep/wake alterations, anxiety and depression in PD patients. We also highlight the potential of these readily available therapies to improve the general quality of life and wellbeing of PD patients. Finally, we provide specific data- and mechanisms-driven recommendations that might help improve the therapeutic benefit of light and physical exercise in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Fifel
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan; Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Neurophysiology unit, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, the Netherlands; Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute, Department of Chronobiology, 18 Avenue du Doyen Lépine, 69500, Bron, France; Laboratory of Pharmacology, Neurobiology and Behavior, Associated CNRST Unit (URAC-37), Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco.
| | - Aleksandar Videnovic
- Movement Disorders Unit and Division of Sleep Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 165 Cambridge Street, Suite 600, Boston, MA, 02446, USA
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8
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Ülker M, Kenangil G. The Relation of Circulating Levels of Leptin with Cognition in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease. Noro Psikiyatr Ars 2018; 55:211-214. [PMID: 30224865 PMCID: PMC6138232 DOI: 10.5152/npa.2017.16978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To investigate the relation of circulating levels of leptin with cognition in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. METHODS Thirty patients meeting the clinical diagnostic criteria for AD, and twenty-five healthy controls were enrolled into the study. At baseline, all patients underwent standing height, weight measurements, and waist circumference (in centimeters) using a standard scale. Body mass index (BMI) was then calculated as weight (in kilograms). A single 5-ml fasting blood sample was obtained from each patient. All subjects were evaluated by Turkish version of Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) and Global Deterioration Scale (GDS). RESULTS The mean age of patients and controls were 72.33±10.11 and 67.20±8.95, respectively. There was not any significant difference between age of the patients and the controls (p=0.054). Both patient and control groups consisted of mostly women (60% and 56% respectively). The mean waist circumferences (WC) of patients and controls were 95.46±10.87 and 97.76±10.07, respectively and was not statistically different (p=0.424). The mean serum leptin levels in patients and controls were 5.49±4.06 ng/dL 5.71±4.45 ng/dL, respectively. Leptin levels were not statistically different between patients and controls (p=0.84). The mean MMSE scores of AD patients and controls were 17±6.54 and 27.32±2.15 respectively, and AD patients had significantly lower MMSE scores than the controls (p=0.000). The mean BMI of patients and controls were 25.72±3.98 and 27.92±3.08 respectively. The BMI of controls were higher than patients and there was statistically significant difference between two groups (p=0.029). In the patient group, there were no correlations between leptin levels and age (p=0.067), BMI (p=0.098), WC (p=0.113), MMSE (p=0.203), CDR (p=0.519) and GDS (p=0.587). Similarly in control group leptin levels were not correlated with BMI (p=0.718), WC (p=0.755) and MMSE (p=0.859). CONCLUSION In the present study, we could not find any relation between blood leptin levels and cognition in AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Ülker
- Erenköy Mental and Neurological Diseases Hospital, Neurology Clinic, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülay Kenangil
- Erenköy Mental and Neurological Diseases Hospital, Neurology Clinic, İstanbul, Turkey
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9
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Mantovani S, Smith SS, Gordon R, O'Sullivan JD. An overview of sleep and circadian dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. J Sleep Res 2018; 27:e12673. [PMID: 29493044 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.12673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sleep and circadian alterations are amongst the very first symptoms experienced in Parkinson's disease, and sleep alterations are present in the majority of patients with overt clinical manifestation of Parkinson's disease. However, the magnitude of sleep and circadian dysfunction in Parkinson's disease, and its influence on the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease remains often unclear and a matter of debate. In particular, the confounding influences of dopaminergic therapy on sleep and circadian dysfunction are a major challenge, and need to be more carefully addressed in clinical studies. The scope of this narrative review is to summarise the current knowledge around both sleep and circadian alterations in Parkinson's disease. We provide an overview on the frequency of excessive daytime sleepiness, insomnia, restless legs, obstructive apnea and nocturia in Parkinson's disease, as well as addressing sleep structure, rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder and circadian features in Parkinson's disease. Sleep and circadian disorders have been linked to pathological conditions that are often co-morbid in Parkinson's disease, including cognitive decline, memory impairment and neurodegeneration. Therefore, targeting sleep and circadian alterations could be one of the earliest and most promising opportunities to slow disease progression. We hope that this review will contribute to advance the discussion and inform new research efforts to progress our knowledge in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Mantovani
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, QLD, Australia.,Wesley Medical Research, Auchenflower, QLD, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Simon S Smith
- Institute for Social Science Research (ISSR), The University of Queensland, Indooroopilly, Australia
| | - Richard Gordon
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, QLD, Australia.,Wesley Medical Research, Auchenflower, QLD, Australia
| | - John D O'Sullivan
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, QLD, Australia.,Wesley Medical Research, Auchenflower, QLD, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
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10
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Willis GL, Freelance CB. Emerging preclinical interest concerning the role of circadian function in Parkinson's disease. Brain Res 2017; 1678:203-213. [PMID: 28958865 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The importance of circadian function in the aetiology, progression and treatment of Parkinson's disease is a topic of increasing interest to the scientific and clinical community. While clinical studies on this theme are relatively new and limited in number there are many preclinical studies which explore possible circadian involvement in Parkinson's disease and speculate as to the mechanism by which clinical benefit can be derived by manipulating the circadian system. The present review explores the sequelae of circadian related studies from a historical perspective and reveals mechanisms that may be involved in the aetiology and progression of the disease. A systematic review of these studies also sets the stage for understanding the basic neuroscientific approaches which have been applied and provides new direction from which circadian function can be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory L Willis
- The Bronowski Institute of Behavioural Neuroscience, Coliban Medical Centre, 19 Jennings Street, Kyneton, Vic 3444, Australia.
| | - Christopher B Freelance
- The Bronowski Institute of Behavioural Neuroscience, Coliban Medical Centre, 19 Jennings Street, Kyneton, Vic 3444, Australia
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11
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La Morgia C, Ross-Cisneros FN, Sadun AA, Carelli V. Retinal Ganglion Cells and Circadian Rhythms in Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, and Beyond. Front Neurol 2017; 8:162. [PMID: 28522986 PMCID: PMC5415575 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing awareness on the role played by circadian rhythm abnormalities in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). The characterization of the circadian dysfunction parallels the mounting evidence that the hallmarks of neurodegeneration also affect the retina and frequently lead to loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and to different degrees of optic neuropathy. In the RGC population, there is the subgroup of cells intrinsically photosensitive and expressing the photopigment melanopsin [melanopsin-containing retinal ganglion cells (mRGCs)], which are now well known to drive the entrainment of circadian rhythms to the light–dark cycles. Thus, the correlation between the pathological changes affecting the retina and mRGCs with the circadian imbalance in these neurodegenerative diseases is now clearly emerging, pointing to the possibility that these patients might be amenable to and benefit from light therapy. Currently, this connection is better established for AD and PD, but the same scenario may apply to other neurodegenerative disorders, such as Huntington’s disease. This review highlights similarities and differences in the retinal/circadian rhythm axis in these neurodegenerative diseases posing a working frame for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara La Morgia
- IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy.,Neurology Unit, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Alfredo A Sadun
- Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Valerio Carelli
- IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy.,Neurology Unit, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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12
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De Pablo-Fernández E, Breen DP, Bouloux PM, Barker RA, Foltynie T, Warner TT. Neuroendocrine abnormalities in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2017; 88:176-185. [PMID: 27799297 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2016-314601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Neuroendocrine abnormalities are common in Parkinson's disease (PD) and include disruption of melatonin secretion, disturbances of glucose, insulin resistance and bone metabolism, and body weight changes. They have been associated with multiple non-motor symptoms in PD and have important clinical consequences, including therapeutics. Some of the underlying mechanisms have been implicated in the pathogenesis of PD and represent promising targets for the development of disease biomarkers and neuroprotective therapies. In this systems-based review, we describe clinically relevant neuroendocrine abnormalities in Parkinson's disease to highlight their role in overall phenotype. We discuss pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical implications, and pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions based on the current evidence. We also review recent advances in the field, focusing on the potential targets for development of neuroprotective drugs in Parkinson's disease and suggest future areas for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo De Pablo-Fernández
- Reta Lila Weston Institute of Neurological Studies, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.,Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - David P Breen
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Pierre M Bouloux
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology, Royal Free Campus, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Roger A Barker
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Thomas Foltynie
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Thomas T Warner
- Reta Lila Weston Institute of Neurological Studies, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.,Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
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13
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Letra L, Santana I. The Influence of Adipose Tissue on Brain Development, Cognition, and Risk of Neurodegenerative Disorders. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2017; 19:151-161. [PMID: 28933064 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-63260-5_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The brain is a highly metabolic organ and thus especially vulnerable to changes in peripheral metabolism, including those induced by obesity-associated adipose tissue dysfunction. In this context, it is likely that the development and maturation of neurocognitive circuits may also be affected and modulated by metabolic environmental factors, beginning in utero. It is currently recognized that maternal obesity, either pre-gestational or gestational, negatively influences fetal brain development and elevates the risk of cognitive impairment and neuropsychiatric disorders in the offspring. During infancy and adolescence, obesity remains a limiting factor for healthy neurodevelopment, especially affecting executive functions but also attention, visuospatial ability, and motor skills. In middle age, obesity seems to induce an accelerated brain aging and thus may increase the risk of age-related neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. In this chapter we review and discuss experimental and clinical evidence focusing on the influence of adipose tissue dysfunction on neurodevelopment and cognition across lifespan, as well as some possible mechanistic links, namely the role of the most well studied adipokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Letra
- Institute of Physiology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences-IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. .,Neurology Department, Centro Hospitalar do Baixo Vouga, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Isabel Santana
- Neurology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Videnovic A, Golombek D. Circadian Dysregulation in Parkinson's Disease. Neurobiol Sleep Circadian Rhythms 2017; 2:53-58. [PMID: 28713867 PMCID: PMC5509072 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbscr.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder that affects over one million individuals in the US alone. PD is characterized by a plethora of motor and non-motor manifestations, resulting from a progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and disbalance of several other neurotransmitters. A growing body of evidence points to significant alterations of the circadian system in PD. This is not surprising given the pivotal role that dopamine plays in circadian regulation as well as the role of circadian influences in dopamine metabolism. In this review we present basic and clinical investigations that examined the function of the circadian system in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Videnovic
- Movement Disorders Unit and Division of Sleep Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School, MGH Neurological Clinical Research Institute, 165 Cambridge Street, Suite 600, Boston, MA 02446, United States
| | - Diego Golombek
- Department of Science and Technology, National University of Quilmes/CONICET, R.S. Peña 352, 1876 Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Fifel K. Alterations of the circadian system in Parkinson's disease patients. Mov Disord 2016; 32:682-692. [PMID: 27859638 DOI: 10.1002/mds.26865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations of circadian rhythms are among the most debilitating non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's Disease (PD). Although a growing awareness towards these symptoms has occurred during the last decade, their underlying neuropathophysiology remains poorly understood and consequently no effective therapeutic strategies are available to alleviate these problems. Recent studies have investigated multiple circadian rhythms at different stages of PD. The advances made have allowed an accurate evaluation of the affected underlying pathways and mechanisms. Here I dissect, over disease progression, the relative causal contribution to health impairments in PD patients of dysfunctions in the different components of the neural network governing circadian rhythms. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms will provide not only a greater understanding of disease neuropathology, but also hold the promise for effective therapies. © 2016 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Fifel
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Kenangil G, Özdilek B. Serum Leptin Levels and Cognition in Parkinson's Disease Patients. Noro Psikiyatr Ars 2016; 53:241-244. [PMID: 28373801 DOI: 10.5152/npa.2016.11319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To investigate the relationship between serum leptin levels and cognition in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. METHODS Thirty patients with idiopathic PD and 30 healthy controls were enrolled. At baseline, all patients had their standing height, weight, and waist circumference measurements taken using a standard scale. Their body mass index was then calculated. A fasting blood of 5 ml was obtained from each patient in the morning. ELISA was used to analyze leptin concentrations. The severity of PD was evaluated using the Hoehn and Yahr scale, and the clinical status of patients was evaluated using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. The cognitive status of whole patients was evaluated using a validated form of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale in Turkey (MoCA-TR). RESULTS The mean ages of the patients and controls were 59.37±9.22 and 58.50±9.85 years, while the mean leptin levels were 4.13±3.61 and 3.12±2.43 ng/mL, respectively. Leptin levels did not differ between PD patients and the controls. PD patients had significantly lower MoCA-TR scores than the controls (p=0.028). MoCA-TR scores were not correlated to leptin levels in PD patients. CONCLUSION In this study, we could not find a relationship between blood leptin levels of PD patients and cognition as assessed by MoCA-TR. Larger longitudinal studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülay Kenangil
- Clinic of Neurology, Erenköy Research and Training Hospital for Neurologic and Psychiatric Disorders, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Betül Özdilek
- Clinic of Neurology, Erenköy Research and Training Hospital for Neurologic and Psychiatric Disorders, İstanbul, Turkey
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Nakamura T, Suzuki M, Okada A, Suzuki J, Hasegawa S, Koike H, Hirayama M, Katsuno M, Sobue G. Association of leptin with orthostatic blood pressure changes in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2016; 31:1417-21. [DOI: 10.1002/mds.26678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Nakamura
- Department of Neurology; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Nagoya University Hospital; Nagoya Japan
| | - Masashi Suzuki
- Department of Neurology; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - Akinori Okada
- Department of Neurology; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - Junichiro Suzuki
- Department of Neurology; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - Satoru Hasegawa
- Division of Neurogenetics; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - Haruki Koike
- Department of Neurology; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - Masaaki Hirayama
- Department of Neurology; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
- Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Sciences; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - Masahisa Katsuno
- Department of Neurology; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - Gen Sobue
- Department of Neurology; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
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Videnovic A, Willis GL. Circadian system - A novel diagnostic and therapeutic target in Parkinson's disease? Mov Disord 2016; 31:260-9. [PMID: 26826022 DOI: 10.1002/mds.26509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian system regulates biological rhythmicity in the human body. The role of the circadian system in neurological disorders is a theme that is attracting an increasing amount of interest from the scientific community. This has arisen, in part, from emerging evidence that disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD) are multifactorial with many features exhibiting diurnal fluctuations, thereby suggestive of circadian involvement. Although the importance of fluctuating motor and nonmotor manifestations in PD have been well acknowledged, the role of the circadian system has received little attention until recently. It is proposed that intervening with circadian function provides a novel research avenue down which new strategies for improving symptomatic treatment and slowing of the progressive degenerative process can be approached to lessen the burden of PD. In this article we review the literature describing existing circadian research in PD and its experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Videnovic
- Movement Disorders Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gregory L Willis
- The Bronowski Institute of Behavioural Neuroscience, Kyneton, Victoria, Australia
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The emerging role of adiponectin in cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1852:1887-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Rocha NP, Scalzo PL, Barbosa IG, de Sousa MS, Morato IB, Vieira ÉLM, Christo PP, Reis HJ, Teixeira AL. Circulating levels of adipokines in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol Sci 2014; 339:64-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2014.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Folch J, Pedrós I, Patraca I, Sureda F, Junyent F, Beas-Zarate C, Verdaguer E, Pallàs M, Auladell C, Camins A. Neuroprotective and anti-ageing role of leptin. J Mol Endocrinol 2012; 49:R149-56. [PMID: 22967480 DOI: 10.1530/jme-12-0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Leptin (Lep), an adipose-derived hormone, exerts very important functions in the body mainly on energy storage and availability. The physiological effects of Lep controlling the body weight and suppressing appetite are mediated by the long form of Lep receptor in the hypothalamus. Lep receptor activates several downstream molecules involved in key pathways related to cell survival such as STAT3, PI3K, MAPK, AMPK, CDK5 and GSK3β. Collectively, these pathways act in a coordinated manner and form a network that is fully involved in Lep physiological response. Although the major interest in Lep is related to its role in the regulation of energy balance, and since resistance to Lep affects is the primary risk factor for obesity, the interest on their effects on brain cognition and neuroprotection is increasing. Thus, Lep and Lep mimetic compounds now await and deserve systematic exploration as the orchestrator of protective responses in the nervous system. Moreover, Lep might promote the activation of a cognitive process that may retard or even partially reverse selected aspects of Alzheimer's disease or ageing memory loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaume Folch
- Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Institut de Biomedicina, Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Universitat de Barcelona, Nucli Universitari de Pedralbes, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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