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Li SZ, Shen F, Xu T, Yang Y, Zhou LL, Bai GH, Sheng HS. A rare case report of infratentorial cisternal angiolipoma with review of literature. Childs Nerv Syst 2024; 40:549-553. [PMID: 37552306 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-023-06099-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Angiolipomas are slow-growing benign mesenchymal-derived tumors consisting of mature adipocytes and thin-walled blood vessels. While the majority of angiolipomas are found in subcutaneous tissues, rarely there are case reports of intracranial lesions. We present a case of cisternal angiolipoma in a 10-year-old female. She presented with vague symptoms like dizziness without neurological deficits and radiological evaluation confirmed a left-sided infratentorial cisternal partially enhancing mass. She underwent craniotomy and had complete resection of the mass, which was histologically composed of mature adipocytes and blood vessels, consistent with angiolipoma. A review of the literature found only 18 cases of intracranial angiolipoma ever reported with our case representing the first case of infratentorial cisternal region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Ze Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fang Shen
- Department of Surgery, Box Hill Hospital Eastern Health, VIC, Australia
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ling-Li Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Guang-Hui Bai
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Han-Song Sheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
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2
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Wilkins R, Zan E, Leonardi O, Patel KN, Jacobson AS, Jour G, Liu CZ, Zhou F. Case Report: Giant Thyroid Angiolipoma-Challenging Clinical Diagnosis and Novel Genetic Alterations. Head Neck Pathol 2023; 17:246-252. [PMID: 36255668 PMCID: PMC10063725 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-022-01500-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A 64-year-old man presented with a 7.8 cm lipomatous thyroid mass discovered on magnetic resonance imaging. METHODS After two non-diagnostic fine needle aspirations (FNAs) were performed, computed tomography (CT) revealed features concerning for malignancy including central necrosis and infiltrative borders. A third FNA was still non-diagnostic. Total thyroidectomy was performed. RESULTS Upon pathologic examination, the final diagnosis was primary thyroid angiolipoma. The lesion contained central fat necrosis with ischemic features, attributable to the FNAs. CONCLUSION Ours is the third published case report of this rare entity. To date, no lipomatous thyroid tumor has undergone extensive genomic testing. Next-generation sequencing of our case revealed multiple genetic alterations, supporting the concept of angiolipomas being true neoplasms. Whereas the two previously reported cases in the literature were radiographically much smaller and appeared indolent, the large tumor in our case exhibited radiographic features concerning for liposarcoma, which belied the benign final pathologic diagnosis. Our case demonstrates that conservative surgical management (partial thyroidectomy) may be considered for lipomatous thyroid tumors, with further interventions to be determined only after final pathologic diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reid Wilkins
- Department of Pathology, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elcin Zan
- Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Olga Leonardi
- Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kepal N Patel
- Department of Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adam S Jacobson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - George Jour
- Department of Pathology, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cheng Z Liu
- Department of Pathology, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fang Zhou
- Department of Pathology, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
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3
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Angiolipoma: a review of 778 lesions in 344 patients. Skeletal Radiol 2023; 52:541-552. [PMID: 35668116 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-022-04075-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiolipomas are benign subcutaneous nodules that are commonly multifocal and easily overlooked by those not familiar with their appearance. The objective of this study was to identify the spectrum of the clinical and imaging features of this lesion, to include MR, CT, and US features. METHODS A retrospective review of our institutional pathology database for biopsy-proven cases of angiolipoma between January 1, 2019, through December 31, 2021, was done. We identified 334 patients who underwent surgical resection of 788 individual lesions. MR imaging studies were available in 43 cases, CT in 39 cases, and ultrasound imaging in 72 cases. Clinical features (patient age, gender, surgical indication, number of lesions) were reviewed. Imaging feature analysis included the anatomic location, content of fat, vascularity, and modality-specific imaging features. RESULTS All 778 angiolipomas were located in the subcutaneous tissues (median size, 2.4 cm, range 0.4-7.7 cm), with over 51% located in the upper extremity. The most common presentation was a symptomatic mass or slowly growing symptomatic mass. Imaging showed a subcutaneous lesion with a lobulated bean shape, which typically abutted the skin. Intralesional fat was identified in 85% of lesions on CT and MRI. Vessels were commonly seen on CT and MR, with enhancement best seen on MR. On US, lesions were heterogeneous and mildly hyperechoic, most often with no identifiable vascularity. CONCLUSION Angiolipomas typically have characteristic imaging features. Awareness of this diagnosis and the spectrum of its imaging features is important and can facilitate a definitive diagnosis.
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Test yourself: soft tissue mass in elbow. Skeletal Radiol 2023; 52:1427-1429. [PMID: 36800002 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-023-04303-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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5
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Anderson WJ, Fletcher CDM. Mesenchymal lesions of the breast. Histopathology 2023; 82:83-94. [PMID: 36482275 DOI: 10.1111/his.14810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal lesions of the breast are a heterogeneous range of entities with diverse clinical, histological, and molecular features, as well as biological behaviour. Their morphologic overlap with non-mesenchymal lesions (such as metaplastic carcinoma and phyllodes tumour) and relative rarity also pose significant diagnostic challenges. In this review, we summarize the salient features of selected mesenchymal lesions of the breast, emphasizing those that are the most common and problematic. Vascular, fibroblastic/myofibroblastic, adipocytic, and smooth muscle lesions are each covered with regard to their clinicopathological features and differential diagnosis, while recent advances and the role of immunohistochemistry and molecular tests are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Anderson
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christopher D M Fletcher
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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6
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Cooke M, Kazanietz MG. Overarching roles of diacylglycerol signaling in cancer development and antitumor immunity. Sci Signal 2022; 15:eabo0264. [PMID: 35412850 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abo0264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Diacylglycerol (DAG) is a lipid second messenger that is generated in response to extracellular stimuli and channels intracellular signals that affect mammalian cell proliferation, survival, and motility. DAG exerts a myriad of biological functions through protein kinase C (PKC) and other effectors, such as protein kinase D (PKD) isozymes and small GTPase-regulating proteins (such as RasGRPs). Imbalances in the fine-tuned homeostasis between DAG generation by phospholipase C (PLC) enzymes and termination by DAG kinases (DGKs), as well as dysregulation in the activity or abundance of DAG effectors, have been widely associated with tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis. DAG is also a key orchestrator of T cell function and thus plays a major role in tumor immunosurveillance. In addition, DAG pathways shape the tumor ecosystem by arbitrating the complex, dynamic interaction between cancer cells and the immune landscape, hence representing powerful modifiers of immune checkpoint and adoptive T cell-directed immunotherapy. Exploiting the wide spectrum of DAG signals from an integrated perspective could underscore meaningful advances in targeted cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Cooke
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Medicine, Einstein Medical Center Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19141, USA
| | - Marcelo G Kazanietz
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Jo VY, Demicco EG. Update from the 5th Edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck Tumors: Soft Tissue Tumors. Head Neck Pathol 2022; 16:87-100. [PMID: 35312984 PMCID: PMC9018918 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-022-01425-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The fifth (5th) edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Head and Neck Tumors introduces a new chapter dedicated to soft tissue neoplasms commonly affecting the head and neck. While the diversity, rarity, and wide anatomic range of soft tissue tumors precludes a discussion of all entities that may be found in the head and neck, the addition of this new chapter to the head and neck "blue book" aims to provide a more comprehensive and uniform reference text, including updated diagnostic criteria, of mesenchymal tumor types frequently (or exclusively) arising at head and neck sites. Since publication of the previous edition in 2017, there have been numerous advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of many soft tissue tumors which have facilitated refinements in tumor classification, identification of novel entities, development of diagnostic markers, and improved prognostication. This review will provide a focused discussion of the soft tissue tumors included in the 5th edition WHO Head and Neck classification, with an emphasis on updates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vickie Y Jo
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Elizabeth G Demicco
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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8
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Thway K. What’s new in adipocytic neoplasia? Histopathology 2021; 80:76-97. [DOI: 10.1111/his.14548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Khin Thway
- Sarcoma Unit Royal Marsden Hospital London UK
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9
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Wang L, Tang Y, Yin H, Hu S. 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT uptake in multiple angiolipomas caused by PSMA expression in capillaries: a case report. Transl Androl Urol 2021; 10:991-996. [PMID: 33718100 PMCID: PMC7947451 DOI: 10.21037/tau-20-1099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that was originally cloned in the membrane of prostate gland epithelial cells. It has been confirmed to be highly expressed in prostate cancer cells, and in some non-prostatic tissues, including the brain and some benign lesions. PSMA-based imaging has been extensively used for the assessment of prostate carcinoma. The high uptake of PSMA imaging in these non-prostate cancer lesions may lead to some misdiagnosis. It is of important clinical significance to explore the possible causes of high PSMA uptake in these lesions. Here, we present a case of a 77-year-old man with prostate carcinoma who underwent a whole-body 18F-PSMA-1007 positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scan for staging. The results of the scan showed intense tracer uptake in both the prostatic bed and in multiple subcutaneous lesions. The subcutaneous lesions were later found to be angiolipomas by histopathological examination. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated strong positive cytoplasmic PSMA staining in lesional prostate cancer cells in prostate carcinoma, and mild-to-moderate positive cytoplasmic capillary PSMA staining in angiolipoma fatty density nodules. Our case report therefore demonstrated that 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT uptake in multiple angiolipomas was caused by PSMA expression in capillaries, and further knowledge of PSMA expression in benign lesions may be critical to minimize false-positive findings with 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Wang
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yongxiang Tang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongling Yin
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuo Hu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Biological Nanotechnology of National Health Commission, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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10
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Anderson WJ, Doyle LA. Updates from the 2020 World Health Organization Classification of Soft Tissue and Bone Tumours. Histopathology 2021; 78:644-657. [PMID: 33438273 DOI: 10.1111/his.14265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The fifth edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of soft tissue and bone tumours was published in May 2020. This 'Blue Book', which is also available digitally for the first time, incorporates an array of new information on these tumours, amassed in the 7 years since the previous edition. Major advances in molecular characterisation have driven further refinements in classification and the development of ancillary diagnostic tests, and have improved our understanding of disease pathogenesis. Several new entities are also included. This review summarises the main changes introduced in the 2020 WHO classification for each subcategory of soft tissue and bone tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Anderson
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leona A Doyle
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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11
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Tyagi K, Roy A. Evaluating the current status of protein kinase C (PKC)-protein kinase D (PKD) signalling axis as a novel therapeutic target in ovarian cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1875:188496. [PMID: 33383102 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer, especially high grade serous ovarian cancer is one of the most lethal gynaecological malignancies with high relapse rate and patient death. Notwithstanding development of several targeted treatment and immunotherapeutic approaches, researchers fail to turn ovarian cancer into a manageable disease. Protein kinase C (PKC) and protein kinase D (PKD) are families of evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinases that can be activated by a plethora of extracellular stimuli such as hormones, growth factors and G-protein coupled receptor agonists. Recent literature suggests that a signalling cascade initiated by these two protein kinases regulates a battery of cellular and physiological processes involved in tumorigenesis including cell proliferation, migration, invasion and angiogenesis. In an urgent need to discover novel therapeutic interventions against a deadly pathology like ovarian cancer, we have discussed the status quo of PKC/PKD signalling axis in context of this disease. Additionally, apart from discussing the structural properties and activation mechanisms of PKC/PKD, we have provided a comprehensive review of the recent reports on tumor promoting functions of PKC isoforms and discussed the potential of PKC/PKD signalling axis as a novel target in this lethal pathology. Furthermore, in this review, we have discussed the significance of several recent clinical trials and development of small molecule inhibitors that target PKC/PKD signalling axis in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Tyagi
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201303, India
| | - Adhiraj Roy
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201303, India.
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12
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Saggini A, Santonja C, Nájera L, Palmedo G, Kutzner H. Frequent activating PIK3CA mutations in sporadic angiolipoma. J Cutan Pathol 2020; 48:211-216. [PMID: 32662895 DOI: 10.1111/cup.13809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiolipoma (AL) is considered as a lipoma variant that is characterized by the combination of mature adipocytes and capillary blood vessels diffusely distributed within the tumor. With the exception of recurrent PRKD2 mutations of uncertain pathogenetic significance, the genetic abnormalities of ALs are unknown, in the absence of any of the specific chromosomal aberrations described in other lipoma variants. METHODS Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded blocks of 13 conventional ALs and 5 cellular ALs from 17 individuals were retrieved and analyzed for mutations in exons 9 and 20 of PIK3CA by polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing. RESULTS Activating PIK3CA mutations were identified in 14 tumors (78%). All PIK3CA-mutated samples carried the same exon 9 mutation, c.1634A>C (p.E545A). No mutation was detected in exon 20 of PIK3CA. No significant difference between PIK3CA-mutated and wild-type samples appeared to exist based on age, gender, and location of the tumor. All 5 cellular ALs carried the p.E545A PIK3CA mutation. CONCLUSION The high frequency of the p.E545A PIK3CA mutation in both conventional and cellular ALs suggests that activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway plays a key role in AL pathogenesis and reinforces the concept that cellular AL should be regarded as a variant of AL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos Santonja
- Department of Pathology, Jiménez Díaz Foundation University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Nájera
- Department of Pathology, Puerta de Hierro University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
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Saba KH, Cornmark L, Hofvander J, Magnusson L, Nilsson J, van den Bos H, Spierings DC, Foijer F, Staaf J, Brosjö O, Sumathi VP, Lam SW, Szuhai K, Bovée JV, Kovac M, Baumhoer D, Styring E, Nord KH. Loss of NF2 defines a genetic subgroup of non-FOS-rearranged osteoblastoma. JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY CLINICAL RESEARCH 2020; 6:231-237. [PMID: 32542935 PMCID: PMC7578308 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Osteoblastoma is a locally aggressive tumour of bone. Until recently, its underlying genetic features were largely unknown. During the past two years, reports have demonstrated that acquired structural variations affect the transcription factor FOS in a high proportion of cases. These rearrangements modify the terminal exon of the gene and are believed to stabilise both the FOS transcript and the encoded protein, resulting in high expression levels. Here, we applied in‐depth genetic analyses to a series of 29 osteoblastomas, including five classified as epithelioid osteoblastoma. We found recurrent homozygous deletions of the NF2 gene in three of the five epithelioid cases and in one conventional osteoblastoma. These events were mutually exclusive from FOS mutations. Structural variations were determined by deep whole genome sequencing and the number of FOS‐rearranged cases was less than previously reported (10/23, 43%). One conventional osteoblastoma displayed a novel mechanism of FOS upregulation; bringing the entire FOS gene under the control of the WNT5A enhancer that is itself activated by FOS. Taken together, we show that NF2 loss characterises a subgroup of osteoblastomas, distinct from FOS‐rearranged cases. Both NF2 and FOS are involved in regulating bone homeostasis, thereby providing a mechanistic link to the excessive bone growth of osteoblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim H Saba
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Louise Cornmark
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jakob Hofvander
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Linda Magnusson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jenny Nilsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hilda van den Bos
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Diana Cj Spierings
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Floris Foijer
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Staaf
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Otte Brosjö
- Department of Orthopedics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vaiyapuri P Sumathi
- Department of Musculoskeletal Pathology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Suk Wai Lam
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Judith Vmg Bovée
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Michal Kovac
- Bone Tumour Reference Centre at the Institute of Pathology, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Baumhoer
- Bone Tumour Reference Centre at the Institute of Pathology, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Emelie Styring
- Department of Orthopedics, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karolin H Nord
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Spinal angiolipoma: Presentation of two cases and review of the literature for the years 2012–2017. Neurocirugia (Astur) 2020; 31:76-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neucir.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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15
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Köster J, Arbajian E, Viklund B, Isaksson A, Hofvander J, Haglund F, Bauer H, Magnusson L, Mandahl N, Mertens F. Genomic and transcriptomic features of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: Unusual chromosomal origin of the COL1A1-PDGFB fusion gene and synergistic effects of amplified regions in tumor development. Cancer Genet 2019; 241:34-41. [PMID: 31870844 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2019.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans family of tumors (DPFT) comprises cutaneous soft tissue neoplasms associated with aberrant PDGFBR signaling, typically through a COL1A1-PDGFB fusion. The aim of the present study was to obtain a better understanding of the chromosomal origin of this fusion and to assess the spectrum of secondary mutations at the chromosome and nucleotide levels. We thus investigated 42 tumor samples from 35 patients using chromosome banding, fluorescence in situ hybridization, single nucleotide polymorphism arrays, and/or massively parallel sequencing (gene panel, whole exome and transcriptome sequencing) methods. We confirmed the age-associated differences in the origin of the COL1A1-PDGFB fusion and could show that it in most cases must arise after DNA synthesis, i.e., in the S or G2 phase of the cell cycle. Whereas there was a non-random pattern of secondary chromosomal rearrangements, single nucleotide variants seem to have little impact on tumor progression. No clear genomic differences between low-grade and high-grade DPFT were found, but the number of chromosomes and chromosomal imbalances as well as the frequency of 9p deletions all tended to be greater among the latter. Gene expression profiling of tumors with COL1A1-PDGFB fusions associated with unbalanced translocations or ring chromosomes identified several transcriptionally up-regulated genes in the amplified regions of chromosomes 17 and 22, including TBX2, PRKCA, MSI2, SOX9, SOX10, and PRAME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Köster
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Genetics and Pathology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Elsa Arbajian
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Björn Viklund
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Anders Isaksson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Jakob Hofvander
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Felix Haglund
- Department of Pathology and Cytology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Henrik Bauer
- Department of Orthopedics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linda Magnusson
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Nils Mandahl
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Mertens
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Genetics and Pathology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Lund, Sweden
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Abstract
Adipocytic neoplasms include a diversity of both benign tumors (lipomas) and malignancies (liposarcomas), and each tumor type is characterized by its own unique molecular alterations driving tumorigenesis. Work over the past 30 years has established the diagnostic utility of several of these characteristic molecular alterations (e.g. MDM2 amplification in well- and dedifferentiated liposarcoma, FUS/EWSR1-DDIT3 gene fusions in myxoid liposarcoma, RB1 loss in spindle cell/pleomorphic lipoma). More recent studies have focused on additional molecular alterations which may have therapeutic or prognostic impact. This review will summarize several of the important molecular findings in adipocytic tumors that have been described over the past 10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth G Demicco
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Clinicopathologic analysis and subclassification of benign lipomatous lesions of the colon. Virchows Arch 2018; 474:309-313. [DOI: 10.1007/s00428-018-2489-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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18
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Magnusson L, Hansen N, Saba KH, Nilsson J, Fioretos T, Rissler P, Nord KH. Loss of the tumour suppressor gene AIP mediates the browning of human brown fat tumours. J Pathol 2017; 243:160-164. [PMID: 28722204 DOI: 10.1002/path.4945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Human brown fat tumours (hibernomas) show concomitant loss of the tumour suppressor genes MEN1 and AIP. We hypothesized that the brown fat phenotype is attributable to these mutations. Accordingly, in this study, we demonstrate that silencing of AIP in human brown preadipocytic and white fat cell lines results in the induction of the brown fat marker UCP1. In human adipocytic tumours, loss of MEN1 was found both in white (one of 51 lipomas) and in brown fat tumours. In contrast, concurrent loss of AIP was always accompanied by a brown fat morphology. We conclude that this white-to-brown phenotype switch in brown fat tumours is mediated by the loss of AIP. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Magnusson
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Nils Hansen
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karim H Saba
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jenny Nilsson
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Thoas Fioretos
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Pehr Rissler
- Department of Pathology, Skåne University and Regional Laboratories, Sweden
| | - Karolin H Nord
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Roy A, Ye J, Deng F, Wang QJ. Protein kinase D signaling in cancer: A friend or foe? Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2017; 1868:283-294. [PMID: 28577984 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinase D is a family of evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinases that belongs to the Ca++/Calmodulin-dependent kinase superfamily. Signal transduction pathways mediated by PKD can be triggered by a variety of stimuli including G protein-coupled receptor agonists, growth factors, hormones, and cellular stresses. The regulatory mechanisms and physiological roles of PKD have been well documented including cell proliferation, survival, migration, angiogenesis, regulation of gene expression, and protein/membrane trafficking. However, its precise roles in disease progression, especially in cancer, remain elusive. A plethora of studies documented the cell- and tissue-specific expressions and functions of PKD in various cancer-associated biological processes, while the causes of the differential effects of PKD have not been thoroughly investigated. In this review, we have discussed the structural-functional properties, activation mechanisms, signaling pathways and physiological functions of PKD in the context of human cancer. Additionally, we have provided a comprehensive review of the reported tumor promoting or tumor suppressive functions of PKD in several major cancer types and discussed the discrepancies that have been raised on PKD as a major regulator of malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adhiraj Roy
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Deng
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiming Jane Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
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