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Rey V, Tornín J, Alba-Linares JJ, Robledo C, Murillo D, Rodríguez A, Gallego B, Huergo C, Viera C, Braña A, Astudillo A, Heymann D, Szuhai K, Bovée JVMG, Fernández AF, Fraga MF, Alonso J, Rodríguez R. A personalized medicine approach identifies enasidenib as an efficient treatment for IDH2 mutant chondrosarcoma. EBioMedicine 2024; 102:105090. [PMID: 38547578 PMCID: PMC10990714 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcomas represent an extensive group of malignant diseases affecting mesodermal tissues. Among sarcomas, the clinical management of chondrosarcomas remains a complex challenge, as high-grade tumours do not respond to current therapies. Mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1 and 2 genes are among the most common mutations detected in chondrosarcomas and may represent a therapeutic opportunity. The presence of mutated IDH (mIDH) enzymes results in the accumulation of the oncometabolite 2-HG leading to molecular alterations that contribute to drive tumour growth. METHODS We developed a personalized medicine strategy based on the targeted NGS/Sanger sequencing of sarcoma samples (n = 6) and the use of matched patient-derived cell lines as a drug-testing platform. The anti-tumour potential of IDH mutations found in two chondrosarcoma cases was analysed in vitro, in vivo and molecularly (transcriptomic and DNA methylation analyses). FINDINGS We treated several chondrosarcoma models with specific mIDH1/2 inhibitors. Among these treatments, only the mIDH2 inhibitor enasidenib was able to decrease 2-HG levels and efficiently reduce the viability of mIDH2 chondrosarcoma cells. Importantly, oral administration of enasidenib in xenografted mice resulted in a complete abrogation of tumour growth. Enasidenib induced a profound remodelling of the transcriptomic landscape not associated to changes in the 5 mC methylation levels and its anti-tumour effects were associated with the repression of proliferative pathways such as those controlled by E2F factors. INTERPRETATION Overall, this work provides preclinical evidence for the use of enasidenib to treat mIDH2 chondrosarcomas. FUNDING Supported by the Spanish Research Agency/FEDER (grants PID2022-142020OB-I00; PID2019-106666RB-I00), the ISC III/FEDER (PI20CIII/00020; DTS18CIII/00005; CB16/12/00390; CB06/07/1009; CB19/07/00057); the GEIS group (GEIS-62); and the PCTI (Asturias)/FEDER (IDI/2021/000027).
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Rey
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, 33011, Oviedo, Spain; CIBER en oncología (CIBERONC), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Tornín
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan Jose Alba-Linares
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, 33011, Oviedo, Spain; Cancer Epigenetics and Nanomedicine Laboratory, Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN-CSIC), El Entrego, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Robledo
- Unidad de Tumores Sólidos Infantiles, Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Raras (IIER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dzohara Murillo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Aida Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Borja Gallego
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Carmen Huergo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, 33011, Oviedo, Spain; CIBER en oncología (CIBERONC), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Viera
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Alejandro Braña
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, 33011, Oviedo, Spain; Department of Traumatology, University Hospital of Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Aurora Astudillo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, 33011, Oviedo, Spain; Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Dominique Heymann
- Nantes Université, CNRS, US2B, UMR 6286, 44000, Nantes, France; Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Tumor Heterogeneity and Precision Medicine Lab. Université de Nantes, 44805, Saint-Herblain, France; Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Judith V M G Bovée
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Agustín F Fernández
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, 33011, Oviedo, Spain; Cancer Epigenetics and Nanomedicine Laboratory, Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN-CSIC), El Entrego, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario F Fraga
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, 33011, Oviedo, Spain; Cancer Epigenetics and Nanomedicine Laboratory, Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN-CSIC), El Entrego, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Alonso
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Tumores Sólidos Infantiles, Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Raras (IIER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220, Madrid, Spain
| | - René Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, 33011, Oviedo, Spain; CIBER en oncología (CIBERONC), 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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2
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Nurieva W, Ivanova E, Chehab S, Singh P, Reichlmeir M, Szuhai K, Auburger GWJ, Skarnes WC, Ivics Z. Generation of four gene-edited human induced pluripotent stem cell lines with mutations in the ATM gene to model Ataxia-Telangiectasia. Stem Cell Res 2023; 73:103247. [PMID: 37976651 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2023.103247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Ataxia-Telangiectasia (A-T) is an autosomal recessive multi-system disorder caused by mutations in the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene, resulting, among other symptoms, in neurological dysfunction. ATM is known to be a master controller of signal transduction for DNA damage response, with additional functions that are poorly understood. CRISPR/Cas9 technology was used to introduce biallelic mutations at selected sites of the ATM gene in human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). This panel of hiPSCs with nonsense and missense mutations in ATM can help understand the molecular basis of A-T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasifa Nurieva
- Division of Hematology, Gene and Cell Therapy, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany.
| | - Elena Ivanova
- Division of Hematology, Gene and Cell Therapy, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Sanabel Chehab
- Division of Hematology, Gene and Cell Therapy, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Parth Singh
- Division of Hematology, Gene and Cell Therapy, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Marina Reichlmeir
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Clinic of Neurology, Experimental Neurology, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Netherlands
| | - Georg W J Auburger
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Clinic of Neurology, Experimental Neurology, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Zoltán Ivics
- Division of Hematology, Gene and Cell Therapy, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany.
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3
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Luk SJ, Schoppmeyer R, Ijsselsteijn ME, Somarakis A, Acem I, Remst DFG, Cox DT, van Bergen CAM, Briaire-de Bruijn I, Grönloh MLB, van der Meer WJ, Hawinkels LJAC, Koning RI, Bos E, Bovée JVMG, de Miranda NFCC, Szuhai K, van Buul JD, Falkenburg JHF, Heemskerk MHM. VISTA Expression on Cancer-Associated Endothelium Selectively Prevents T-cell Extravasation. Cancer Immunol Res 2023; 11:1480-1492. [PMID: 37695550 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-22-0759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Cancers evade T-cell immunity by several mechanisms such as secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines, down regulation of antigen presentation machinery, upregulation of immune checkpoint molecules, and exclusion of T cells from tumor tissues. The distribution and function of immune checkpoint molecules on tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating leukocytes is well established, but less is known about their impact on intratumoral endothelial cells. Here, we demonstrated that V-domain Ig suppressor of T-cell activation (VISTA), a PD-L1 homolog, was highly expressed on endothelial cells in synovial sarcoma, subsets of different carcinomas, and immune-privileged tissues. We created an ex vivo model of the human vasculature and demonstrated that expression of VISTA on endothelial cells selectively prevented T-cell transmigration over endothelial layers under physiologic flow conditions, whereas it does not affect migration of other immune cell types. Furthermore, endothelial VISTA correlated with reduced infiltration of T cells and poor prognosis in metastatic synovial sarcoma. In endothelial cells, we detected VISTA on the plasma membrane and in recycling endosomes, and its expression was upregulated by cancer cell-secreted factors in a VEGF-A-dependent manner. Our study reveals that endothelial VISTA is upregulated by cancer-secreted factors and that it regulates T-cell accessibility to cancer and healthy tissues. This newly identified mechanism should be considered when using immunotherapeutic approaches aimed at unleashing T cell-mediated cancer immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sietse J Luk
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rouven Schoppmeyer
- Molecular Cell Biology Lab, Department of Molecular Hematology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, Molecular Cytology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Antonios Somarakis
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ibtissam Acem
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Oncological and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dennis F G Remst
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Daan T Cox
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Max L B Grönloh
- Molecular Cell Biology Lab, Department of Molecular Hematology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, Molecular Cytology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Werner J van der Meer
- Molecular Cell Biology Lab, Department of Molecular Hematology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, Molecular Cytology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lukas J A C Hawinkels
- Department of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Roman I Koning
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Erik Bos
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Judith V M G Bovée
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jaap D van Buul
- Molecular Cell Biology Lab, Department of Molecular Hematology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, Molecular Cytology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Mirjam H M Heemskerk
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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4
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Lipplaa A, Meijer D, van de Sande MAJ, Gelderblom H, Bovée JVMG, Mei H, Szuhai K. A novel colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) translocation involving human endogenous retroviral element in a tenosynovial giant cell tumor. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2023; 62:223-230. [PMID: 36504457 PMCID: PMC10108088 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.23116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tenosynovial giant cell tumors (TSGCTs) are rare tumors arising in tendons or the synoviae of joints and bursae. The localized type is benign while the diffuse type shows expansive growth leading to greater morbidity and is therefore considered locally aggressive. Typical recurrent chromosomal aberrations are found in the majority of TSCGT and the CSF1 gene is frequently involved. In this article, we describe a newly identified gene fusion mediated by an inversion in a case of diffuse TSGCT. Multicolor-fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) molecular karyotyping identified a pericentric inversion of chromosome 1 in 7 out of 17 analyzed cells 46,XX,inv(1)(p13.3q24.3) [7]/46,XX [10], and with interphase FISH the involvement the CSF1 locus was detected. After performing transcriptome sequencing analysis for fusion detection, only one out of five fusion gene algorithms detected a fusion involving the CSF1 gene product. The resulting chimera fuses a sequence from a human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) gene to CSF1 Exon 6 on chromosome 1, abrogating the regulatory element of the 3' untranslated region of the CSF1 gene. This new translocation involving Exon 6 of the CSF1 gene fused to 1q24.1, supports the hypothesis that a mutated CSF1 protein is likely to play a vital role in the pathogenesis of TSGCT. The role of the HERV partner identified as a translocation partner, however, remains unclear. Our data add to the complexity of involved translocation partners in TSGCT and point to the potential difficulty of identifying fusion partners in tumor diagnostics using transcriptome sequencing when HERV or other repeat elements are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Lipplaa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Debora Meijer
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Leiden Center for Computational Oncology, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Hans Gelderblom
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Judith V M G Bovée
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hailiang Mei
- Sequencing Analysis Support Core, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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5
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Ouboter LF, Barnhoorn MC, Verspaget HW, Plug L, Pool ES, Szuhai K, Hawinkels LJ, van Pel M, Zwaginga JJ, Roelen D, Koning F, Pascutti MF, van der Meulen-de Jong A. Local administration of mesenchymal stromal cells is safe and modulates the immune compartment in ulcerative proctitis. JCI Insight 2023; 8:167402. [PMID: 36951952 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.167402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to their immunoregulatory and tissue regenerative features, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a promising novel tool for the management of ulcerative proctitis (UP). Here we report on a phase IIa clinical study to evaluate the impact of local MSC therapy in UP. METHODS Thirteen refractory UP patients, with endoscopic Mayo score (EMS) 2 or 3, were included. Seven patients received 20-40 x 106 allogeneic MSCs (cohort 1), while six patients received 40-80 x 106 MSCs (cohort 2). Adverse events (AEs) were assessed at baseline and week 2, 6, 12, and 24. Clinical, endoscopic, and biochemical parameters were assessed at baseline, week 2 and 6. Furthermore, we evaluated the engraftment of MSCs, presence of donor-specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies (DSAs), and we determined the impact of MSC therapy on the local immune compartment. RESULTS No serious AEs were observed. The clinical Mayo score was significantly improved at week 2 and 6, and the EMS was significantly improved at week 6, compared to baseline. At week 6, donor MSCs were still detectable in rectum biopsies of 4/9 patients and DSAs against both HLA-class I and -class II were found. Mass cytometry showed a reduction of activated CD8+ T cells and CD16+ monocytes and an enrichment in mononuclear phagocytes and natural killer cells in biopsies after local MSC therapy. CONCLUSION Local administration of allogeneic MSCs is safe, tolerable, and feasible for treatment of refractory UP and shows encouraging signs of clinical efficacy and modulation of local immune responses. This sets the stage for larger clinical trials. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrialsregister.eu, EudraCT: 2017-003524-75, Dutch Trial register: NTR7205. FUNDING ECCO grant 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura F Ouboter
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Marieke C Barnhoorn
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Hein W Verspaget
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Leonie Plug
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Emma S Pool
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Lukas Jac Hawinkels
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Melissa van Pel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jaap Jan Zwaginga
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Dave Roelen
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Frits Koning
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - M Fernanda Pascutti
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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6
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Ong SLM, Gomes IP, Baelde HJ, Passador-Santos F, de Andrade BAB, Briaire-de Bruijn IH, Cavalcante IL, Schreuder WH, Cleton-Jansen AM, Cleven AHG, Szuhai K, Gomes CC, Bovée JVMG. No NFATC2 fusion in simple bone cyst of the jaw. Histopathology 2023. [PMID: 36939112 DOI: 10.1111/his.14905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Simple Bone Cysts (SBCs) predominantly occur in long bones and 59% harbour NFATC2 rearrangements. Jaw SBC is rare and was previously referred to as traumatic bone cyst. It can rarely occur in association with cemento-osseous dysplasia (COD). To determine whether jaw SBCs represent the same entity as SBC of the long bones, or if they have a different molecular signature, we collected 48 jaw SBC cases of 47 patients to assess NFATC2 rearrangement. METHODS AND RESULTS Out of the 48 cases, 36 could be used for fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH), of which nine (two of which associated with COD) were successful using an NFATC2 split probe. The remaining cases failed to show adequate FISH signals. All nine cases lacked NFATC2 rearrangement and five of these showed no detectable gene fusions using Archer FusionPlex. CONCLUSION In our study, NFATC2 rearrangement is absent in solitary jaw SBC (n = 7) and COD-associated SBC (n = 2). Our findings suggest that SBC presenting in the jaw is molecularly different from SBC in long bones. Future molecular studies may confirm the absence of clonal molecular aberrations in SBC of the jaw which would support a non-neoplastic, reactive origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheena L M Ong
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Isadora P Gomes
- Department of Pathology, Biological Science Institute (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Hans J Baelde
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Bruno A B de Andrade
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Israel L Cavalcante
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Willem H Schreuder
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Head and Neck Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center/Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Arjen H G Cleven
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Carolina C Gomes
- Department of Pathology, Biological Science Institute (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Judith V M G Bovée
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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7
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Cleven AHG, Szuhai K, van IJzendoorn DGP, Groen E, Baelde H, Schreuder WH, Briaire-de Bruijn IH, van der Meeren SW, Kleijwegt MC, Furth WR, Kroon HM, Suurmeijer AJH, Savci-Heijink DC, Baumhoer D, Bovée JVMG. Psammomatoid Ossifying Fibroma Is Defined by SATB2 Rearrangement. Mod Pathol 2023; 36:100013. [PMID: 36788065 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2022.100013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Psammomatoid ossifying fibroma (PsOF), also known as juvenile PsOF, is a benign fibro-osseous neoplasm predominantly affecting the extragnathic bones, particularly the frontal and ethmoid bones, with a preference for adolescents and young adults. The clinical and morphologic features of PsOF may overlap with those of other fibro-osseous lesions, and additional molecular markers would help increase diagnostic accuracy. Because identical chromosomal breakpoints at bands Xq26 and 2q33 have been described in 3 cases of PsOF located in the orbita, we aimed to identify the exact genes involved in these chromosomal breakpoints and determine their frequency in PsOF using transcriptome sequencing and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). We performed whole RNA transcriptome sequencing on frozen tissue in 2 PsOF index cases and identified a fusion transcript involving SATB2, located on chromosome 2q33.1, and AL513487.1, located on chromosome Xq26, in one of the cases. The fusion was validated using reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and SATB2 FISH. The fusion lead to a truncated protein product losing most of the functional domains. Subsequently, we analyzed an additional 24 juvenile PsOFs, 8 juvenile trabecular ossifying fibromas (JTOFs), and 11 cemento-ossifying fibromas (COFs) for SATB2 using FISH and found evidence of SATB2 gene rearrangements in 58% (7 of 12) of the evaluable PsOF cases but not in any of the evaluable JTOF (n = 7) and COF (n = 7) cases. A combination of SATB2 immunofluorescence and a 2-color SATB2 FISH in our index case revealed that most tumor cells harboring the rearrangement lacked SATB2 expression. Using immunohistochemistry, 65% of PsOF, 100% of JTOF, and 100% of COF cases showed moderate or strong staining for SATB2. In these cases, we observed a mosaic pattern of expression with >25% of the spindle cells in between the bone matrix, with osteoblasts and osteocytes being positive for SATB2. Interestingly, 35% (8 of 23) of PsOFs, in contrast to JTOFs and COFs, showed SATB2 expression in <5% of cells. To our knowledge, this is the first report that shows the involvement of SATB2 in the development of a neoplastic lesion. In this study, we have showed that SATB2 rearrangement is a recurrent molecular alteration that appears to be highly specific for PsOF. Our findings support that PsOF is not only morphologically and clinically but also genetically distinct from JTOF and COF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjen H G Cleven
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - David G P van IJzendoorn
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Eline Groen
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Baelde
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Willem H Schreuder
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Head and Neck Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center/Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Stijn W van der Meeren
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten C Kleijwegt
- Department Head and Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter R Furth
- Department of Neurosurgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Herman M Kroon
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Albert J H Suurmeijer
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Daniel Baumhoer
- Bone Tumour Reference Centre, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Judith V M G Bovée
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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8
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Toland AMS, Lam SW, Varma S, Wang A, Howitt BE, Kunder CA, Kerr DA, Szuhai K, Bovée JVMG, Charville GW. GRM1 Immunohistochemistry Distinguishes Chondromyxoid Fibroma From its Histologic Mimics. Am J Surg Pathol 2022; 46:1407-1414. [PMID: 35650682 PMCID: PMC9481662 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Chondromyxoid fibroma (CMF) is a rare benign bone neoplasm that manifests histologically as a lobular proliferation of stellate to spindle-shaped cells in a myxoid background, exhibiting morphologic overlap with other cartilaginous and myxoid tumors of bone. CMF is characterized by recurrent genetic rearrangements that place the glutamate receptor gene GRM1 under the regulatory control of a constitutively active promoter, leading to increased gene expression. Here, we explore the diagnostic utility of GRM1 immunohistochemistry as a surrogate marker for GRM1 rearrangement using a commercially available monoclonal antibody in a study of 230 tumors, including 30 CMF cases represented by 35 specimens. GRM1 was positive by immunohistochemistry in 97% of CMF specimens (34/35), exhibiting moderate to strong staining in more than 50% of neoplastic cells; staining was diffuse (>95% of cells) in 25 specimens (71%). Among the 9 CMF specimens with documented exposure to acid decalcification, 4 (44%) exhibited diffuse immunoreactivity (>95%) for GRM1, whereas all 15 CMF specimens (100%) with lack of exposure to decalcification reagents were diffusely immunoreactive ( P =0.003). High GRM1 expression at the RNA level was previously observed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in 9 CMF cases that were also positive by immunohistochemistry; low GRM1 expression was observed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in the single case of CMF that was negative by immunohistochemistry. GRM1 immunohistochemistry was negative (<5%) in histologic mimics of CMF, including conventional chondrosarcoma, enchondroma, chondroblastoma, clear cell chondrosarcoma, giant cell tumor of the bone, fibrous dysplasia, chondroblastic osteosarcoma, myoepithelial tumor, primary aneurysmal bone cyst, brown tumor, phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor, CMF-like osteosarcoma, and extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma. These results indicate that GRM1 immunohistochemistry may have utility in distinguishing CMF from its histologic mimics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angus M. S. Toland
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Suk Wai Lam
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sushama Varma
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Aihui Wang
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Brooke E. Howitt
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Christian A. Kunder
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Darcy A. Kerr
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Gregory W. Charville
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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9
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Ong SLM, Baelde HJ, van IJzendoorn DGP, Bovée JVMG, Szuhai K. Identification of stable housekeeping genes for induced pluripotent stem cells and -derived endothelial cells for drug testing. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16160. [PMID: 36171445 PMCID: PMC9519970 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20435-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There are no validated housekeeping genes in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) and derived endothelial iPSC (iPSC-EC). Thus a comparison of gene expression levels is less reliable, especially during drug treatments. Here, we utilized transcriptome sequencing data of iPSC and iPSC-EC with or without CRISPR-Cas9 induced translocation to identify a panel of 15 candidate housekeeping genes. For comparison, five commonly used housekeeping genes (B2M, GAPDH, GUSB, HMBS, and HPRT1) were included in the study. The panel of 20 candidate genes were investigated for their stability as reference genes. This panel was analyzed and ranked based on stability using five algorithms, delta-Ct, bestkeeper, geNorm, Normfinder, and Reffinder. Based on the comprehensive ranking of Reffinder, the stability of the top two genes—RPL36AL and TMBIM6, and the bottom two genes—UBA1 and B2M, were further studied in iPSC-EC with and without genetic manipulation, and after treatment with telatinib. Using quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), it was shown that gene expression of the top two housekeeping genes, RPL36AL and TMBIM6, remained stable during drug treatment. We identified a panel of housekeeping genes that could be utilized in various conditions using iPSC and iPSC-derived endothelial cells as well as genetically modified iPSC for drug treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheena L M Ong
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hans J Baelde
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Judith V M G Bovée
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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10
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Heijkants RC, Teunisse AFAS, de Jong D, Glinkina K, Mei H, Kielbasa SM, Szuhai K, Jochemsen AG. MDMX Regulates Transcriptional Activity of p53 and FOXO Proteins to Stimulate Proliferation of Melanoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184482. [PMID: 36139642 PMCID: PMC9496676 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary We have investigated the transcriptional changes occurring in uveal and cutaneous melanoma cell lines upon depletion of MDMX (aka:MDM4). Computational analyses of the mRNAs/genes affected upon MDMX depletion determined that many were containing a p53-bindingsite, but even more contained a FOX recognition site(s). Since connections between MDM2 and FOXO1 had already been published, we investigated whether indeed a subset of the MDMX-regulated genes are dependent on FOXO1/FOXO3 expression. Indeed, a number of such target genes, i.e., PIK3IP1, MXD4 and ZMAT3, were found to be FOXO target genes in our cell models. Some of these genes were recently identified as indirect p53-target genes, and their expression was found to be regulated by RFX7 transcription factor, which was found activated upon pharmacological activation of p53, e.g., by Nutlin-3. However, a clear involvement of RFX7 in our model could not be established, but an interplay between FOXO and RFX7 factors seems evident. Abstract The tumor suppressor protein p53 has an important role in cell-fate determination. In cancer cells, the activity of p53 is frequently repressed by high levels of MDMX and/or MDM2. MDM2 is a ubiquitin ligase whose activity results in ubiquitin- and proteasome-dependent p53 degradation, while MDMX inhibits p53-activated transcription by shielding the p53 transactivation domain. Interestingly, the oncogenic functions of MDMX appear to be more wide-spread than inhibition of p53. The present study aimed to elucidate the MDMX-controlled transcriptome. Therefore, we depleted MDMX with four distinct shRNAs from a high MDMX expressing uveal melanoma cell line and determined the effect on the transcriptome by RNAseq. Biological function analyses indicate the inhibition of the cell cycle regulatory genes and stimulation of cell death activating genes upon MDMX depletion. Although the inhibition of p53 activity clearly contributes to the transcription regulation controlled by MDMX, it appeared that the transcriptional regulation of multiple genes did not only rely on p53 expression. Analysis of gene regulatory networks indicated a role for Forkhead box (FOX) transcription factors. Depletion of FOXO proteins partly prevented the transcriptional changes upon MDMX depletion. Furthermore, depletion of FOXO proteins relatively diminished the growth inhibition upon MDMX knockdown, although the knockdown of the FOXO transcription factors also reduces cell growth. In conclusion, the p53-independent oncogenic functions of MDMX could be partially explained by its regulation of FOXO activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renier C. Heijkants
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Amina F. A. S. Teunisse
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle de Jong
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kseniya Glinkina
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hailiang Mei
- Sequencing Analysis Support Core, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Szymon M. Kielbasa
- Sequencing Analysis Support Core, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Aart G. Jochemsen
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
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11
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Tasca F, Brescia M, Wang Q, Liu J, Janssen JM, Szuhai K, Gonçalves MAFV. Large-scale genome editing based on high-capacity adenovectors and CRISPR-Cas9 nucleases rescues full-length dystrophin synthesis in DMD muscle cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:7761-7782. [PMID: 35776127 PMCID: PMC9303392 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted chromosomal insertion of large genetic payloads in human cells leverages and broadens synthetic biology and genetic therapy efforts. Yet, obtaining large-scale gene knock-ins remains particularly challenging especially in hard-to-transfect stem and progenitor cells. Here, fully viral gene-deleted adenovector particles (AdVPs) are investigated as sources of optimized high-specificity CRISPR-Cas9 nucleases and donor DNA constructs tailored for targeted insertion of full-length dystrophin expression units (up to 14.8-kb) through homologous recombination (HR) or homology-mediated end joining (HMEJ). In muscle progenitor cells, donors prone to HMEJ yielded higher CRISPR-Cas9-dependent genome editing frequencies than HR donors, with values ranging between 6% and 34%. In contrast, AdVP transduction of HR and HMEJ substrates in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) resulted in similar CRISPR-Cas9-dependent genome editing levels. Notably, when compared to regular iPSCs, in p53 knockdown iPSCs, CRISPR-Cas9-dependent genome editing frequencies increased up to 6.7-fold specifically when transducing HMEJ donor constructs. Finally, single DNA molecule analysis by molecular combing confirmed that AdVP-based genome editing achieves long-term complementation of DMD-causing mutations through the site-specific insertion of full-length dystrophin expression units. In conclusion, AdVPs are a robust and flexible platform for installing large genomic edits in human cells and p53 inhibition fosters HMEJ-based genome editing in iPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Tasca
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marcella Brescia
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Josephine M Janssen
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Manuel A F V Gonçalves
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
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12
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Spierenburg G, van der Heijden L, van Langevelde K, Szuhai K, Bovée JVGM, van de Sande MAJ, Gelderblom H. Tenosynovial giant cell tumors (TGCT): molecular biology, drug targets and non-surgical pharmacological approaches. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:333-345. [PMID: 35443852 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2067040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TGCT) is a mono-articular, benign or locally aggressive and often debilitating neoplasm. Systemic therapies are becoming part of the multimodal armamentarium when surgery alone will not confer improvements. Since TGCT is characterized by colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF1) rearrangements, the most studied molecular pathway is the CSF1 and CSF1 receptor (CSF1R) axis. Inhibiting CSF1-CSF1R interaction often yields considerable radiological and clinical responses; however, adverse events may cause treatment discontinuation because of an unfavorable risk-benefit ratio in benign disease. Only Pexidartinib is approved by the US FDA; however, the European Medicines Agency has not approved it due to uncertainties on the risk-benefit ratio. Thus, there is a need for safer and effective therapies. AREAS COVERED Light is shed on disease mechanisms and potential drug targets. The safety and efficacy of different systemic therapies are evaluated. EXPERT OPINION The CSF1-CSF1R axis is the principal drug target; however, the effect of CSF1R inhibition on angiogenesis and the role of macrophages, which are essential in the postoperative course, needs further elucidation. Systemic therapies have a promising role in treating mainly diffuse-type, TGCT patients who are not expected to clinically improve from surgery. Future drug development should focus on targeting neoplastic TGCT cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geert Spierenburg
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lizz van der Heijden
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Judith V G M Bovée
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Hans Gelderblom
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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13
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Franceschini N, Gaeta R, Krimpenfort P, Briaire-de Bruijn I, Kruisselbrink AB, Szuhai K, Palubeckaitė I, Cleton-Jansen AM, Bovée JVMG. A murine mesenchymal stem cell model for initiating events in osteosarcomagenesis points to CDK4/CDK6 inhibition as a therapeutic target. J Transl Med 2022; 102:391-400. [PMID: 34921235 PMCID: PMC8964417 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-021-00709-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a high-grade bone-forming neoplasm, with a complex genome. Tumours frequently show chromothripsis, many deletions, translocations and copy number alterations. Alterations in the p53 or Rb pathway are the most common genetic alterations identified in osteosarcoma. Using spontaneously transformed murine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) which formed sarcoma after subcutaneous injection into mice, it was previously demonstrated that p53 is most often involved in the transformation towards sarcomas with complex genomics, including osteosarcoma. In the current study, not only loss of p53 but also loss of p16Ink4a is shown to be a driver of osteosarcomagenesis: murine MSCs with deficient p15Ink4b, p16Ink4a, or p19Arf transform earlier compared to wild-type murine MSCs. Furthermore, in a panel of nine spontaneously transformed murine MSCs, alterations in p15Ink4b, p16Ink4a, or p19Arf were observed in eight out of nine cases. Alterations in the Rb/p16 pathway could indicate that osteosarcoma cells are vulnerable to CDK4/CDK6 inhibitor treatment. Indeed, using two-dimensional (n = 7) and three-dimensional (n = 3) cultures of human osteosarcoma cell lines, it was shown that osteosarcoma cells with defective p16INK4A are sensitive to the CDK4/CDK6 inhibitor palbociclib after 72-hour treatment. A tissue microarray analysis of 109 primary tumour biopsies revealed a subset of patients (20-23%) with intact Rb, but defective p16 or overexpression of CDK4 and/or CDK6. These patients might benefit from CDK4/CDK6 inhibition, therefore our results are promising and might be translated to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasja Franceschini
- grid.10419.3d0000000089452978Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Raffaele Gaeta
- grid.5395.a0000 0004 1757 3729Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paul Krimpenfort
- grid.430814.a0000 0001 0674 1393Division of Molecular Genetics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inge Briaire-de Bruijn
- grid.10419.3d0000000089452978Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alwine B. Kruisselbrink
- grid.10419.3d0000000089452978Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- grid.10419.3d0000000089452978Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ieva Palubeckaitė
- grid.10419.3d0000000089452978Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anne-Marie Cleton-Jansen
- grid.10419.3d0000000089452978Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Judith V. M. G. Bovée
- grid.10419.3d0000000089452978Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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14
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Ong SL, Lam SW, van den Akker BE, Kroon HM, Briaire-de Bruijn IH, Cleven AH, Savci-Heijink DC, Cleton-Jansen AM, Baumhoer D, Szuhai K, Bovée JV. Expanding the Spectrum of EWSR1-NFATC2-rearranged Benign Tumors: A Common Genomic Abnormality in Vascular Malformation/Hemangioma and Simple Bone Cyst. Am J Surg Pathol 2021; 45:1669-1681. [PMID: 34081036 PMCID: PMC8598111 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A simple bone cyst (SBC) is a cystic bone lesion predominantly affecting young males. The cyst is lined by a fibrous membrane and filled with serosanguinous fluid. EWSR1/FUS-NFATC2 rearrangements were recently identified in SBC. We here report exactly the same rearrangement in 3 lesions diagnosed as vascular malformations of 2 elderly patients. In total, through Archer FusionPlex, fluorescence in situ hybridization and/or reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction the EWSR1-NFATC2 rearrangement was identified in 6 of 9 SBC, 3 of 12 benign vascular tumors, and none of 5 aneurysmal bone cyst lacking USP6 fusion. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization, it was apparent that amplification of the fusion, as seen in EWSR1-NFATC2 round cell sarcomas, was absent, and that in the vascular tumors the fusion was present both in the lining cells as well as in the surrounding spindle cells. Of note, not all of the spaces in the vascular malformations were lined by endothelial cells. Aggrecan was positive in all cases but was not specific. NKX2-2 and NKX3-1 staining were negative in all cases. Thus, even though the overlap between the 2 entities is limited to the presence of few thick-walled cysts lacking endothelial lining in the benign vascular malformations, the spectrum of benign tumors containing NFATC2 fusions should be expanded and contains not only SBC in the young, but also vascular malformation/hemangioma in elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Daniel Baumhoer
- Department of Medical Genetics and Pathology, Bone Tumor Reference Center, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden
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15
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Fan X, Moustakas I, Torrens-Juaneda V, Lei Q, Hamer G, Louwe LA, Pilgram GSK, Szuhai K, Matorras R, Eguizabal C, van der Westerlaken L, Mei H, Chuva de Sousa Lopes SM. Transcriptional progression during meiotic prophase I reveals sex-specific features and X chromosome dynamics in human fetal female germline. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009773. [PMID: 34499650 PMCID: PMC8428764 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
During gametogenesis in mammals, meiosis ensures the production of haploid gametes. The timing and length of meiosis to produce female and male gametes differ considerably. In contrast to males, meiotic prophase I in females initiates during development. Hence, the knowledge regarding progression through meiotic prophase I is mainly focused on human male spermatogenesis and female oocyte maturation during adulthood. Therefore, it remains unclear how the different stages of meiotic prophase I between human oogenesis and spermatogenesis compare. Analysis of single-cell transcriptomics data from human fetal germ cells (FGC) allowed us to identify the molecular signatures of female meiotic prophase I stages leptotene, zygotene, pachytene and diplotene. We have compared those between male and female germ cells in similar stages of meiotic prophase I and revealed conserved and specific features between sexes. We identified not only key players involved in the process of meiosis, but also highlighted the molecular components that could be responsible for changes in cellular morphology that occur during this developmental period, when the female FGC acquire their typical (sex-specific) oocyte shape as well as sex-differences in the regulation of DNA methylation. Analysis of X-linked expression between sexes during meiotic prophase I suggested a transient X-linked enrichment during female pachytene, that contrasts with the meiotic sex chromosome inactivation in males. Our study of the events that take place during meiotic prophase I provide a better understanding not only of female meiosis during development, but also highlights biomarkers that can be used to study infertility and offers insights in germline sex dimorphism in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Fan
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ioannis Moustakas
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Sequencing Analysis Support Core, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Vanessa Torrens-Juaneda
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Qijing Lei
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Geert Hamer
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Leoni A. Louwe
- Department of Gynaecology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gonneke S. K. Pilgram
- Department of Gynaecology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Roberto Matorras
- IVIRMA, IVI Bilbao, Bilbao, Spain; Human Reproduction Unit, Cruces University Hospital, Bilbao, Spain; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Basque Country University, Spain; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Cristina Eguizabal
- Cell Therapy, Stem Cells and Tissues Group, Basque Centre for Blood Transfusion and Human Tissues, Galdakao, Spain
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cell Therapy, Stem Cells and Tissues Group, Barakaldo, Spain
| | | | - Hailiang Mei
- Sequencing Analysis Support Core, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Susana M. Chuva de Sousa Lopes
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The group of vascular tumors contains many different entities, and is considered difficult by pathologists, as they often have overlapping histological characteristics. Chromosomal translocations have been identified in ~20% of mesenchymal tumors and are considered the drivers of tumor formation. Many translocations have been discovered over the past decade through next-generation sequencing. This technological advancement has also revealed several recurrent gene fusions in vascular tumors. AREAS COVERED This review will discuss the various vascular tumors for which recurrent gene fusions have been identified. The gene fusions and the presumed molecular mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis are shown, and potential implications for targeted therapies discussed. The identification of these gene fusions in vascular tumors has improved diagnostic accuracy, especially since several of these fusions can be easily detected using surrogate immunohistochemical markers. EXPERT OPINION The identification of gene fusions in a subset of vascular tumors over the past decade has improved diagnostic accuracy, and has provided the pathologists with novel diagnostic tools to accurately diagnose these often difficult tumors. Moreover, the increased understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms can guide the development of targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheena L M Ong
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Judith V M G Bovée
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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17
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Mremi A, Pyuza JJ, Ahmad B, Andongolile AA, Sadiq A, Yahaya JJ, Szuhai K, Hogendoorn PCW. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma of bone of the femur and humerus: a case report and review of the literature. Oxf Med Case Reports 2021; 2021:omab024. [PMID: 33959300 PMCID: PMC8082228 DOI: 10.1093/omcr/omab024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphoma of bone is a rare neoplasm composed of malignant lymphoid cells, producing a tumefactive lesion within bone. We report a 13-year-old male who presented with progressively increasing swellings at the right shoulder and right mid-thigh for one month. Radiological images revealed lytic destructive lesions associated with soft tissue masses in both sites and a pathological fracture on the right humerus. The patient had no significant medical history. Histological, immunohistochemical and fluorescent in-situ hybridization assessment of biopsies from the lesions confirmed the diagnosis of primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of bone. Unfortunately, due to coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak, the patient was unable to follow-up treatment and died shortly after establishment of the diagnosis. Delay in diagnosis and treatment is of serious concern when it comes to improve the prognosis of patients with this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Mremi
- Department of Pathology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania.,Faculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Jeremia J Pyuza
- Department of Pathology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania.,Faculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Bilal Ahmad
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Alice A Andongolile
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Adnan Sadiq
- Faculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania.,Department of Radiology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - James J Yahaya
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, The University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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18
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Franceschini N, Verbruggen B, Tryfonidou MA, Kruisselbrink AB, Baelde H, de Visser KE, Szuhai K, Cleton-Jansen AM, Bovée JVMG. Transformed Canine and Murine Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Model for Sarcoma with Complex Genomics. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13051126. [PMID: 33807947 PMCID: PMC7961539 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13051126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Sarcomas are rare cancers of mesenchymal origin, the majority of which are characterized by many copy number alterations, amplifications, or deletions. Because of these complex genomics, it is notoriously difficult to identify driver events of malignant transformation. In this study, we show that murine and canine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be used to model spontaneous malignant transformation towards sarcomas with complex genomics. We show that these MSCs have an abnormal karyotype, many structural variants, and point mutations at whole genome sequencing analysis, and form sarcomas after injection into mice. Our cross-species analysis reveals that p53 loss is an early event in sarcomagenesis, and it was shown that MSCs with a knock-out in Trp53 transform earlier compared to wild-type MSCs. Our study points to the importance of p53 loss in the transformation process towards sarcomas with complex genomics. Abstract Sarcomas are rare mesenchymal tumors with a broad histological spectrum, but they can be divided into two groups based on molecular pathology: sarcomas with simple or complex genomics. Tumors with complex genomics can have aneuploidy and copy number gains and losses, which hampers the detection of early, initiating events in tumorigenesis. Often, no benign precursors are known, which is why good models are essential. The mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) is the presumed cell of origin of sarcoma. In this study, MSCs of murine and canine origin are used as a model to identify driver events for sarcomas with complex genomic alterations as they transform spontaneously after long-term culture. All transformed murine but not canine MSCs formed sarcomas after subcutaneous injection in mice. Using whole genome sequencing, spontaneously transformed murine and canine MSCs displayed a complex karyotype with aneuploidy, point mutations, structural variants, inter-chromosomal translocations, and copy number gains and losses. Cross-species analysis revealed that point mutations in Tp53/Trp53 are common in transformed murine and canine MSCs. Murine MSCs with a cre-recombinase induced deletion of exon 2–10 of Trp53 transformed earlier compared to wild-type murine MSCs, confirming the contribution of loss of p53 to spontaneous transformation. Our comparative approach using transformed murine and canine MSCs points to a crucial role for p53 loss in the formation of sarcomas with complex genomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasja Franceschini
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (N.F.); (B.V.); (A.B.K.); (H.B.); (A.-M.C.-J.)
| | - Bas Verbruggen
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (N.F.); (B.V.); (A.B.K.); (H.B.); (A.-M.C.-J.)
| | - Marianna A. Tryfonidou
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Alwine B. Kruisselbrink
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (N.F.); (B.V.); (A.B.K.); (H.B.); (A.-M.C.-J.)
| | - Hans Baelde
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (N.F.); (B.V.); (A.B.K.); (H.B.); (A.-M.C.-J.)
| | - Karin E. de Visser
- Division of Tumour Biology & Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Oncode Institute, Office Jaarbeurs Innovation Mile (JIM), Jaarbeursplein 6, 3521 AL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Anne-Marie Cleton-Jansen
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (N.F.); (B.V.); (A.B.K.); (H.B.); (A.-M.C.-J.)
| | - Judith V. M. G. Bovée
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (N.F.); (B.V.); (A.B.K.); (H.B.); (A.-M.C.-J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-715266622
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19
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van IJzendoorn DGP, Salvatori DCF, Cao X, van den Hil F, Briaire-de Bruijn IH, de Jong D, Mei H, Mummery CL, Szuhai K, Bovée JVMG, Orlova VV. Vascular Tumor Recapitulated in Endothelial Cells from hiPSCs Engineered to Express the SERPINE1-FOSB Translocation. Cell Rep Med 2020; 1:100153. [PMID: 33377124 PMCID: PMC7762773 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chromosomal translocations are prevalent among soft tissue tumors, including those of the vasculature such as pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma (PHE). PHE shows endothelial cell (EC) features and has a tumor-specific t(7;19)(q22;q13) SERPINE1-FOSB translocation, but is difficult to study as no primary tumor cell lines have yet been derived. Here, we engineer the PHE chromosomal translocation into human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) using CRISPR/Cas9 and differentiate these into ECs (hiPSC-ECs) to address this. Comparison of parental with PHE hiPSC-ECs shows (1) elevated expression of FOSB, (2) higher proliferation and more tube formation but lower endothelial barrier function, (3) invasive growth and abnormal vessel formation in mice after transplantation, and (4) specific transcriptome alterations reflecting PHE and indicating PI3K-Akt and MAPK signaling pathways as possible therapeutic targets. The modified hiPSC-ECs thus recapitulate functional features of PHE and demonstrate how these translocation models can be used to understand tumorigenic mechanisms and identify therapeutic targets. SERPINE1-FOSB translocation in hiPSC to model the vascular tumor PHE CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene targeting to engineer hiPSCSERPINE1-FOSB hiPSC-ECsSERPINE1-FOSB show increased FOSB expression Functional features of PHE recapitulated by hiPSC-ECsSERPINE1-FOSB
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela C F Salvatori
- Central Laboratory Animal Facility, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Xu Cao
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Francijna van den Hil
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Danielle de Jong
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hailiang Mei
- Sequencing Analysis Support Core, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Christine L Mummery
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Judith V M G Bovée
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Valeria V Orlova
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
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20
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de Groot S, Röttgering B, Gelderblom H, Pijl H, Szuhai K, Kroep JR. Unraveling the Resistance of IGF-Pathway Inhibition in Ewing Sarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123568. [PMID: 33260481 PMCID: PMC7759976 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) is a receptor commonly overexpressed and overactivated in a variety of cancers, including Ewing sarcoma, and promotes cell growth and survival. After promising results with targeting and inhibiting the receptor in vitro, multiple different IGF1R targeting compounds have been clinically tried but showed limited efficacy. Here we discuss several possible resistance mechanisms which could explain why IGF1R targeting fails in the clinic and discuss possible ways to overcome these resistances. Abstract Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) inhibitors are effective in preclinical studies, but so far, no convincing benefit in clinical studies has been observed, except in some rare cases of sustained response in Ewing sarcoma patients. The mechanism of resistance is unknown, but several hypotheses are proposed. In this review, multiple possible mechanisms of resistance to IGF-targeted therapies are discussed, including activated insulin signaling, pituitary-driven feedback loops through growth hormone (GH) secretion and autocrine loops. Additionally, the outcomes of clinical trials of IGF1-targeted therapies are discussed, as well as strategies to overcome the possible resistance mechanisms. In conclusion, lowering the plasma insulin levels or blocking its activity could provide an additional target in cancer therapy in combination with IGF1 inhibition. Furthermore, because Ewing sarcoma cells predominantly express the insulin receptor A (IRA) and healthy tissue insulin receptor B (IRB), it may be possible to synthesize a specific IRA inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie de Groot
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (S.d.G.); (H.G.)
| | - Bas Röttgering
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Hans Gelderblom
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (S.d.G.); (H.G.)
| | - Hanno Pijl
- Department of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands;
- Correspondence: (K.S.); (J.R.K.); Tel.: +31-715266922 (K.S.); +31-715263464 (J.R.K.)
| | - Judith R. Kroep
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (S.d.G.); (H.G.)
- Correspondence: (K.S.); (J.R.K.); Tel.: +31-715266922 (K.S.); +31-715263464 (J.R.K.)
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21
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Roche ME, Lin Z, Whitaker-Menezes D, Zhan T, Szuhai K, Bovee JVMG, Abraham JA, Jiang W, Martinez-Outschoorn U, Basu-Mallick A. Translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane complex subunit 20 (TOMM20) facilitates cancer aggressiveness and therapeutic resistance in chondrosarcoma. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165962. [PMID: 32920118 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma is the second most common primary bone malignancy, representing one fourth of all primary bone sarcomas. It is typically resistant to radiation and chemotherapy treatments. However, the molecular mechanisms that contribute to cancer aggressiveness in chondrosarcomas remain poorly characterized. Here, we studied the role of mitochondrial transporters in chondrosarcoma aggressiveness including chemotherapy resistance. Histological grade along with stage are the most important prognostic biomarkers in chondrosarcoma. We found that high-grade human chondrosarcoma tumors have higher expression of the mitochondrial protein, translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane complex subunit 20 (TOMM20), compared to low-grade tumors. TOMM20 overexpression in human chondrosarcoma cells induces chondrosarcoma tumor growth in vivo. TOMM20 drives proliferation, resistance to apoptosis and chemotherapy resistance. Also, TOMM20 induces markers of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metabolic reprogramming in these mesenchymal tumors. In conclusion, TOMM20 drives chondrosarcoma aggressiveness and resistance to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Roche
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Zhao Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Diana Whitaker-Menezes
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Tingting Zhan
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Biostatistics, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University, the Netherlands
| | | | - John A Abraham
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Ubaldo Martinez-Outschoorn
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA.
| | - Atrayee Basu-Mallick
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA.
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22
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Saba KH, Cornmark L, Hofvander J, Magnusson L, Nilsson J, van den Bos H, Spierings DC, Foijer F, Staaf J, Brosjö O, Sumathi VP, Lam SW, Szuhai K, Bovée JV, Kovac M, Baumhoer D, Styring E, Nord KH. Loss of NF2 defines a genetic subgroup of non-FOS-rearranged osteoblastoma. J Pathol Clin Res 2020; 6:231-237. [PMID: 32542935 PMCID: PMC7578308 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Osteoblastoma is a locally aggressive tumour of bone. Until recently, its underlying genetic features were largely unknown. During the past two years, reports have demonstrated that acquired structural variations affect the transcription factor FOS in a high proportion of cases. These rearrangements modify the terminal exon of the gene and are believed to stabilise both the FOS transcript and the encoded protein, resulting in high expression levels. Here, we applied in‐depth genetic analyses to a series of 29 osteoblastomas, including five classified as epithelioid osteoblastoma. We found recurrent homozygous deletions of the NF2 gene in three of the five epithelioid cases and in one conventional osteoblastoma. These events were mutually exclusive from FOS mutations. Structural variations were determined by deep whole genome sequencing and the number of FOS‐rearranged cases was less than previously reported (10/23, 43%). One conventional osteoblastoma displayed a novel mechanism of FOS upregulation; bringing the entire FOS gene under the control of the WNT5A enhancer that is itself activated by FOS. Taken together, we show that NF2 loss characterises a subgroup of osteoblastomas, distinct from FOS‐rearranged cases. Both NF2 and FOS are involved in regulating bone homeostasis, thereby providing a mechanistic link to the excessive bone growth of osteoblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim H Saba
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Louise Cornmark
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jakob Hofvander
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Linda Magnusson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jenny Nilsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hilda van den Bos
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Diana Cj Spierings
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Floris Foijer
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Staaf
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Otte Brosjö
- Department of Orthopedics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vaiyapuri P Sumathi
- Department of Musculoskeletal Pathology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Suk Wai Lam
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Judith Vmg Bovée
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Michal Kovac
- Bone Tumour Reference Centre at the Institute of Pathology, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Baumhoer
- Bone Tumour Reference Centre at the Institute of Pathology, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Emelie Styring
- Department of Orthopedics, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karolin H Nord
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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23
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Chen X, Tasca F, Wang Q, Liu J, Janssen JM, Brescia MD, Bellin M, Szuhai K, Kenrick J, Frock RL, Gonçalves MAFV. Expanding the editable genome and CRISPR-Cas9 versatility using DNA cutting-free gene targeting based on in trans paired nicking. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:974-995. [PMID: 31799604 PMCID: PMC6954423 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz1121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome editing typically involves recombination between donor nucleic acids and acceptor genomic sequences subjected to double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs) made by programmable nucleases (e.g. CRISPR-Cas9). Yet, nucleases yield off-target mutations and, most pervasively, unpredictable target allele disruptions. Remarkably, to date, the untoward phenotypic consequences of disrupting allelic and non-allelic (e.g. pseudogene) sequences have received scant scrutiny and, crucially, remain to be addressed. Here, we demonstrate that gene-edited cells can lose fitness as a result of DSBs at allelic and non-allelic target sites and report that simultaneous single-stranded DNA break formation at donor and acceptor DNA by CRISPR-Cas9 nickases (in trans paired nicking) mostly overcomes such disruptive genotype-phenotype associations. Moreover, in trans paired nicking gene editing can efficiently and precisely add large DNA segments into essential and multiple-copy genomic sites. As shown herein by genotyping assays and high-throughput genome-wide sequencing of DNA translocations, this is achieved while circumventing most allelic and non-allelic mutations and chromosomal rearrangements characteristic of nuclease-dependent procedures. Our work demonstrates that in trans paired nicking retains target protein dosages in gene-edited cell populations and expands gene editing to chromosomal tracts previously not possible to modify seamlessly due to their recurrence in the genome or essentiality for cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Chen
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Francesca Tasca
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Qian Wang
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jin Liu
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Josephine M Janssen
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marcella D Brescia
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Milena Bellin
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Josefin Kenrick
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Division of Radiation and Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, 269 Campus Dr. Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Richard L Frock
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Division of Radiation and Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, 269 Campus Dr. Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Manuel A F V Gonçalves
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
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24
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Lam SW, Cleven AHG, Kroon HM, Briaire-de Bruijn IH, Szuhai K, Bovée JVMG. Utility of FOS as diagnostic marker for osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma. Virchows Arch 2019; 476:455-463. [PMID: 31768625 PMCID: PMC7085481 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-019-02684-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma are bone-forming tumors shown to harbor FOS (87%) and FOSB (3%) rearrangements. The aim was to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of FOS and FOSB in these tumors in comparison to other bone tumors, to evaluate the influence of decalcification, and to correlate immunohistochemical findings with the underlying genetic alteration using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Immunohistochemistry using whole sections was performed on osteoid osteoma (n=23), osteoblastoma (n=22), osteoblastoma-like osteosarcoma (n=3), reactive (n=3), and proliferative (n=11) bone lesions. Immunoreactivity in giant cell tumor of bone (n=74), aneurysmal bone cyst (n=6), chondromyxoid fibroma (n=20), osteosarcoma (n=85), chondroblastoma (n=17), and clear cell chondrosarcoma (n=20) was assessed using tissue micro arrays. Strong nuclear expression of FOS in > 50% of the tumor cells was observed in all osteoid osteomas (22/22), in 57% of osteoblastomas (12/21) and in 3/197 control cases. FOS immunoreactivity disappeared after > 3 days decalcification. FOS rearrangements were present in 94% of osteoid osteomas and osteoblastomas, with a concordance of 86% between FISH and immunohistochemistry. Two osteoblastomas (5%) were positive for FOSB, as opposed to 8/177 control cases. Additional FISH revealed no FOSB rearrangements in these cases. To conclude, in short decalcified biopsies, FOS immunohistochemistry can be used to diagnose osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma, as overexpression is seen in the majority, being rare in their mimics. FOS immunohistochemistry should not be used after long decalcification. Moreover, low level of focal expression found in other lesions and tissues might cause diagnostic problems, in which case FISH could be employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk Wai Lam
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333, ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Arjen H G Cleven
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333, ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Herman M Kroon
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333, ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Inge H Briaire-de Bruijn
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333, ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333, ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Judith V M G Bovée
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333, ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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25
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Venneker S, Szuhai K, Hogendoorn PCW, Bovée JVMG. Mutation-driven epigenetic alterations as a defining hallmark of central cartilaginous tumours, giant cell tumour of bone and chondroblastoma. Virchows Arch 2019; 476:135-146. [PMID: 31728625 PMCID: PMC6968983 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-019-02699-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recently, specific driver mutations were identified in chondroblastoma, giant cell tumour of bone and central cartilaginous tumours (specifically enchondroma and central chondrosarcoma), sharing the ability to induce genome-wide epigenetic alterations. In chondroblastoma and giant cell tumour of bone, the neoplastic mononuclear stromal-like cells frequently harbour specific point mutations in the genes encoding for histone H3.3 (H3F3A and H3F3B). The identification of these driver mutations has led to development of novel diagnostic tools to distinguish between chondroblastoma, giant cell tumour of bone and other giant cell containing tumours. From a biological perspective, these mutations induce several global and local alterations of the histone modification marks. Similar observations are made for central cartilaginous tumours, which frequently harbour specific point mutations in the metabolic enzymes IDH1 or IDH2. Besides an altered methylation pattern on histones, IDH mutations also induce a global DNA hypermethylation phenotype. In all of these tumour types, the mutation-driven epigenetic alterations lead to a highly altered transcriptome, resulting for instance in alterations in differentiation. These genomic alterations have diagnostic impact. Further research is needed to identify the genes and signalling pathways that are affected by the epigenetic alterations, which will hopefully lead to a better understanding of the biological mechanism underlying tumourigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne Venneker
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Judith V M G Bovée
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Lam SW, van IJzendoorn DG, Cleton-Jansen AM, Szuhai K, Bovée JV. Molecular Pathology of Bone Tumors. J Mol Diagn 2019; 21:171-182. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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van IJzendoorn DGP, Szuhai K, Briaire-de Bruijn IH, Kostine M, Kuijjer ML, Bovée JVMG. Machine learning analysis of gene expression data reveals novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and identifies therapeutic targets for soft tissue sarcomas. PLoS Comput Biol 2019; 15:e1006826. [PMID: 30785874 PMCID: PMC6398862 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on morphology it is often challenging to distinguish between the many different soft tissue sarcoma subtypes. Moreover, outcome of disease is highly variable even between patients with the same disease. Machine learning on transcriptome sequencing data could be a valuable new tool to understand differences between and within entities. Here we used machine learning analysis to identify novel diagnostic and prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for soft tissue sarcomas. Gene expression data was used from the Cancer Genome Atlas, the Genotype-Tissue Expression project and the French Sarcoma Group. We identified three groups of tumors that overlap in their molecular profiles as seen with unsupervised t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding clustering and a deep neural network. The three groups corresponded to subtypes that are morphologically overlapping. Using a random forest algorithm, we identified novel diagnostic markers for soft tissue sarcoma that distinguished between synovial sarcoma and MPNST, and that we validated using qRT-PCR in an independent series. Next, we identified prognostic genes that are strong predictors of disease outcome when used in a k-nearest neighbor algorithm. The prognostic genes were further validated in expression data from the French Sarcoma Group. One of these, HMMR, was validated in an independent series of leiomyosarcomas using immunohistochemistry on tissue micro array as a prognostic gene for disease-free interval. Furthermore, reconstruction of regulatory networks combined with data from the Connectivity Map showed, amongst others, that HDAC inhibitors could be a potential effective therapy for multiple soft tissue sarcoma subtypes. A viability assay with two HDAC inhibitors confirmed that both leiomyosarcoma and synovial sarcoma are sensitive to HDAC inhibition. In this study we identified novel diagnostic markers, prognostic markers and therapeutic leads from multiple soft tissue sarcoma gene expression datasets. Thus, machine learning algorithms are powerful new tools to improve our understanding of rare tumor entities. Soft-tissue sarcomas are a group of rare cancers that can be challenging to diagnose and treat. The morphology of the different soft-tissue sarcoma subtypes can overlap and the prognosis differs significantly between, and also within, the different subtypes. Moreover, targeted therapies are often not available. In this study we used transcriptome sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas, containing 206 soft-tissue sarcoma samples which we analyzed using different machine learning algorithms to gain novel insights. When possible, we verified our findings in independent datasets or in cell lines. First, we found that both synovial sarcomas and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors show the largest overlap with normal tissue derived from the nervous system. This link with neural differentiation for synovial sarcoma was not well established until now. Second, genes were identified whose expression could be used to differentiate between the different soft-tissue sarcomas where the morphology overlaps. Third, novel prognostic genes were identified for separate subtypes. One gene, HMMR, which we found as a strong prognostic gene for leiomyosarcoma, was verified with immunohistochemistry on samples from our archives. Last, using a network analysis new potential therapies were identified. HDAC inhibitors were identified as a potential strong therapy for sarcomas, including leiomyosarcomas, which we verified in cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marie Kostine
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke L. Kuijjer
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail: (MLK); (JVMGB)
| | - Judith V. M. G. Bovée
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- * E-mail: (MLK); (JVMGB)
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Bastidas Torres AN, Cats D, Mei H, Szuhai K, Willemze R, Vermeer MH, Tensen CP. Genomic analysis reveals recurrent deletion of JAK-STAT signaling inhibitors HNRNPK and SOCS1 in mycosis fungoides. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2018; 57:653-664. [PMID: 30144205 PMCID: PMC6282857 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). Causative genetic alterations in MF are unknown. The low recurrence of pathogenic small-scale mutations (ie, nucleotide substitutions, indels) in the disease, calls for the study of additional aspects of MF genetics. Here, we investigated structural genomic alterations in tumor-stage MF by integrating whole-genome sequencing and RNA-sequencing. Multiple genes with roles in cell physiology (n = 113) and metabolism (n = 92) were found to be impacted by genomic rearrangements, including 47 genes currently implicated in cancer. Fusion transcripts involving genes of interest such as DOT1L, KDM6A, LIFR, TP53, and TP63 were also observed. Additionally, we identified recurrent deletions of genes involved in cell cycle control, chromatin regulation, the JAK-STAT pathway, and the PI-3-K pathway. Remarkably, many of these deletions result from genomic rearrangements. Deletion of tumor suppressors HNRNPK and SOCS1 were the most frequent genetic alterations in MF after deletion of CDKN2A. Notably, SOCS1 deletion could be detected in early-stage MF. In agreement with the observed genomic alterations, transcriptome analysis revealed up-regulation of the cell cycle, JAK-STAT, PI-3-K and developmental pathways. Our results position inactivation of HNRNPK and SOCS1 as potential driver events in MF development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Davy Cats
- Sequencing Analysis Support Core, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hailiang Mei
- Sequencing Analysis Support Core, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rein Willemze
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten H Vermeer
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis P Tensen
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Luk SJ, van der Steen DM, Hagedoorn RS, Jordanova ES, Schilham MW, Bovée JV, Cleven AH, Falkenburg JF, Szuhai K, Heemskerk MH. PRAME and HLA Class I expression patterns make synovial sarcoma a suitable target for PRAME specific T-cell receptor gene therapy. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1507600. [PMID: 30524904 PMCID: PMC6279314 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1507600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Synovial sarcoma expresses multiple cancer testis antigens that could potentially be targeted by T-cell receptor (TCR) gene therapy. In this study we investigated whether PRAME-TCR-gene therapy could be an effective treatment for synovial sarcoma by investigating the potential of PRAME-specific T-cells to recognize sarcoma cells and by evaluating the expression patterns of PRAME and HLA class I (HLA-I) in synovial sarcoma tumor samples. All PRAME expressing sarcoma cell lines, including 2 primary synovial sarcoma cell cultures (passage < 3), were efficiently recognized by PRAME-specific T-cells. mRNA FISH demonstrated that PRAME was expressed in all synovial sarcoma samples, mostly in an homogeneous pattern. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated low HLA-I baseline expression in synovial sarcoma, but its expression was elevated in specific areas of the tumors, especially in biphasic components of biphasic synovial sarcoma. In 5/11 biphasic synovial sarcoma patients and in 1/17 monophasic synovial sarcoma patients, elevated HLA-I on tumor cells was correlated with infiltration of T-cells in these specific areas. In conclusion, low-baseline expression of HLA-I in synovial sarcoma is elevated in biphasic areas and in areas with densely infiltrating T-cells, which, in combination with homogeneous and high PRAME expression, makes synovial sarcoma potentially a suitable candidate for PRAME-specific TCR-gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sietse J Luk
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk M van der Steen
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Renate S Hagedoorn
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ekaterina S Jordanova
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Center for Gynecological Oncology Amsterdam, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marco W Schilham
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Judith Vmg Bovée
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Arjen Hg Cleven
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mirjam Hm Heemskerk
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Torres AB, Cats D, Mei H, Szuhai K, Willemze R, Vermeer M, Tensen C. Genomic analysis reveals recurrent deletion of HNRNPK and SOCS1 in mycosis fungoides. Eur J Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2018.07.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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31
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Lam SW, Cleton-Jansen AM, Cleven AHG, Ruano D, van Wezel T, Szuhai K, Bovée JVMG. Molecular Analysis of Gene Fusions in Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors by Anchored Multiplex PCR-Based Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing. J Mol Diagn 2018; 20:653-663. [PMID: 30139549 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular assays for translocation detection in bone and soft tissue tumors have gradually been incorporated into routine diagnostics. However, conventional methods such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and reverse transcriptase-PCR come with several drawbacks. In this study, the applicability of a novel technique termed anchored multiplex PCR (AMP) for next-generation sequencing (NGS), using the Archer FusionPlex Sarcoma kit, aimed at 26 genes, was evaluated and compared with FISH and reverse transcriptase-PCR. In case of discrepant results, further analysis occurred with a third independent technique. Eighty-one samples were subjected to AMP-based targeted NGS, and 86% (n = 70) were successfully conducted and were either fusion positive (n = 48) or fusion negative, but met all criteria for good quality (n = 22). A concordance of 90% was found between NGS and conventional techniques. AMP-based targeted NGS showed superior results, as in four cases reverse transcriptase-PCR and FISH were false negative. Moreover, because the assay targets one partner of a gene fusion, novel or rare fusion partners can be identified. Indeed, it revealed COL1A1 and SEC31A as novel fusion partners for USP6 in nodular fasciitis. Despite the fact that fusions involving genes outside the selectively captured region cannot be detected and false-negative results due to poor quality samples can be encountered, this method has demonstrated excellent diagnostic utility for translocation detection in sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk Wai Lam
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Arjen H G Cleven
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Dina Ruano
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tom van Wezel
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Judith V M G Bovée
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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van der Wal S, de Korne CM, Sand LGL, van Willigen DM, Hogendoorn PCW, Szuhai K, van Leeuwen FWB, Buckle T. Cover Feature: Bioorthogonally Applicable Fluorescence Deactivation Strategy for Receptor Kinetics Study and Theranostic Pretargeting Approaches (ChemBioChem 16/2018). Chembiochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steffen van der Wal
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory; Department of Radiology; Leiden University Medical Center; Albinusdreef 2 2333 ZA Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Clarize M. de Korne
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory; Department of Radiology; Leiden University Medical Center; Albinusdreef 2 2333 ZA Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Laurens G. L. Sand
- Department of Pathology; Leiden University Medical Center; Albinusdreef 2 2333 ZA Leiden The Netherlands
- Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cell Therapy; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; 262 Danny Thomas Place Memphis TN 38105 USA
| | - Danny M. van Willigen
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory; Department of Radiology; Leiden University Medical Center; Albinusdreef 2 2333 ZA Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Pancras C. W. Hogendoorn
- Department of Pathology; Leiden University Medical Center; Albinusdreef 2 2333 ZA Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology; Leiden University Medical Center; Albinusdreef 2 2333 ZA Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Fijs W. B. van Leeuwen
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory; Department of Radiology; Leiden University Medical Center; Albinusdreef 2 2333 ZA Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Tessa Buckle
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory; Department of Radiology; Leiden University Medical Center; Albinusdreef 2 2333 ZA Leiden The Netherlands
- Division of Molecular Pathology; Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital (NKI-AvL); Plesmanlaan 121 1066 CX Amsterdam The Netherlands
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IJzendoorn DGV, Hil FVD, Szuhai K, Bovée JV, Orlova VV. Abstract 3108: Modeling translocation driven tumors with human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) using CRISPR-Cas9: Pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma as a proof of principle. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-3108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Within the group of vascular tumors balanced chromosomal translocations often drive tumorigenesis. For pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma (PHE) no cell line is available, therefore to model this tumor of endothelial origin, we induced a t(7;19)(q22;q13) chromosomal translocation leading to a SERPINE1-FOSB gene fusion in “healthy” human induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (hiPSCs). The hiPSC line was derived using Sendai virus (SeV)-based reprogramming and has been fully characterized. To create a model for PHE we used CRISPR-Cas9 to induce double-stranded breaks in SERPINE1 and FOSB. Using a repair template we introduced a removable neomycin resistance cassette to facilitate selection of cells with translocation. Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) showed that the wild-type allele of both SERPINE1 and FOSB was mutated in 50% of the cells, and 12% of cells had SERPINE1-FOSB translocations. Screening of single cell-derived clones resulted in 2 clones harboring the correct chromosomal translocation out of 73 screened colonies. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using dual-fusion probes confirmed presence of translocation in hiPSCs. Next, isogenic “healthy” and SERPINE1-FOSB targeted hiPSC clones were used to derive endothelial cells (ECs). SERPINE1-FOSB fusion had no effect on differentiation efficiency of ECs from hiPSCs. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) confirmed comparable expression of endothelial-specific markers, such as Ve-cadherin, PECAM1, and VEGFR2. Interestingly, expression of CD105 and VEGFR3 that were shown to be elevated in tumor associated endothelial cells were increased in ECs derived from SERPINE1-FOSB targeted hiPSCs compared with ECs derived from “healthy” hiPSCs. Functional assessment of hiPSC-derived ECs showed increased proliferation, tube formation and a decrease in endothelial barrier function in the presence of a SERPINE1-FOSB fusion. Real-time PCR confirmed elevated expression of FOSB (5.9 log2 fold), CD105 (1.9 log2 fold), as well as known pro-angiogenic and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as VEGF (2.2 log2 fold), IL6 (1.2 log2 fold) and IL8 (2.9 log2 fold). In summary, we demonstrate SERPINE1-FOSB translocation can be introduced into hiPSCs. Importantly, hiPSC-derived ECs that harbor the SERPINE1-FOSB translocation display abnormal tumor endothelium-like phenotype and therefore could serve as an excellent model to study the pathogenesis of PHE. This method could also be potentially interesting to introduce other translocation-driven tumors where no cell lines are available for the discovery of novel targeted therapy and deeper understanding of tumorigenesis.
Citation Format: David G. van IJzendoorn, Francijna van den Hil, Karoly Szuhai, Judith V. Bovée, Valeria V. Orlova. Modeling translocation driven tumors with human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) using CRISPR-Cas9: Pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma as a proof of principle [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3108.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karoly Szuhai
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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van der Wal S, de Korne CM, Sand LGL, van Willigen DM, Hogendoorn PCW, Szuhai K, van Leeuwen FWB, Buckle T. Bioorthogonally Applicable Fluorescence Deactivation Strategy for Receptor Kinetics Study and Theranostic Pretargeting Approaches. Chembiochem 2018; 19:1758-1765. [PMID: 29863301 PMCID: PMC6120557 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The availability of a receptor for theranostic pretargeting approaches was assessed by use of a new click-chemistry-based deactivatable fluorescence-quenching concept. The efficacy was evaluated in a cell-based model system featuring both membranous (available) and internalized (unavailable) receptor fractions of the clinically relevant receptor chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4). Proof of concept was achieved with a deactivatable tracer consisting of a CXCR4-specific peptide functionalized with a Cy5 dye bearing a chemoselective azide handle (N3 -Cy5-AcTZ14011). Treatment with a Cy7 quencher dye (Cy7-DBCO) resulted in optically silent Cy7-[click]-Cy5-AcTZ14011. In situ, a >90 % FRET-based reduction of the signal intensity of N3 -Cy5-AcTZ14011 [KD =(222.4±25.2) nm] was seen within minutes after quencher addition. In cells, discrimination between the membranous and the internalized receptor fraction could be achieved through quantitative assessment of quenching/internalization kinetics. Similar evaluation of an activatable tracer variant based on the same targeting moiety (Cy5-S-S-Cy3-AcTZ14011) was unsuccessful in vitro. As such, using the described deactivatable approach to screen membrane receptors and their applicability in receptor-(pre-)targeted theranostics can become straightforward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen van der Wal
- Interventional Molecular Imaging LaboratoryDepartment of RadiologyLeiden University Medical CenterAlbinusdreef 22333 ZALeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Clarize M. de Korne
- Interventional Molecular Imaging LaboratoryDepartment of RadiologyLeiden University Medical CenterAlbinusdreef 22333 ZALeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Laurens G. L. Sand
- Department of PathologyLeiden University Medical CenterAlbinusdreef 22333 ZALeidenThe Netherlands
- Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cell TherapySt. Jude Children's Research Hospital262 Danny Thomas PlaceMemphisTN38105USA
| | - Danny M. van Willigen
- Interventional Molecular Imaging LaboratoryDepartment of RadiologyLeiden University Medical CenterAlbinusdreef 22333 ZALeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Pancras C. W. Hogendoorn
- Department of PathologyLeiden University Medical CenterAlbinusdreef 22333 ZALeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Molecular Cell BiologyLeiden University Medical CenterAlbinusdreef 22333 ZALeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Fijs W. B. van Leeuwen
- Interventional Molecular Imaging LaboratoryDepartment of RadiologyLeiden University Medical CenterAlbinusdreef 22333 ZALeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Tessa Buckle
- Interventional Molecular Imaging LaboratoryDepartment of RadiologyLeiden University Medical CenterAlbinusdreef 22333 ZALeidenThe Netherlands
- Division of Molecular PathologyNetherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital (NKI-AvL)Plesmanlaan 1211066 CXAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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Abstract
An interesting multiple tumor case is described in which 4 different kinds of tumors were diagnosed in the same patient at autopsy and histopathologic examination. The tumors were the following: 1) prolactinoma of the anterior pituitary lobe; 2) basal cell carcinoma of the nose; 3) adenocarcinoma of the colon sigmoideum; 4) multiple oncocytomas (oncocytomatosis) in the kidneys. Immunohistochemical investigation for p53 revealed a strong intranuclear positivity in the colonic carcinoma cells as a result of the overexpression of a possible mutant type of the protein. The other 3 tumors were negative with the p53-specific DO-7 antibody, therefore, no point mutation was thought to be present in the p53 gene of the tumor cells. The immunohistochemical and anamnestic data suggested that this is not a hereditary syndrome, and there is no common pathogenesis of these tumors. Its rarity is interesting in our case because of the coincidence of 4 different unrelated tumors and the absence of anamnestic data for familial accumulation or predisposition for multiple tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tornóczky
- Department of Pathology, University Medical School of Pécs, Hungary
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van Balen P, van der Zouwen B, Kruisselbrink AB, Eefting M, Szuhai K, Jordanova ES, Falkenburg JHF, Jedema I. Tissue Damage Caused by Myeloablative, but Not Non-Myeloablative, Conditioning before Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation Results in Dermal Macrophage Recruitment without Active T-Cell Interaction. Front Immunol 2018. [PMID: 29535719 PMCID: PMC5835032 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Conditioning regimens preceding allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) can cause tissue damage and acceleration of the development of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). T-cell-depleted alloSCT with postponed donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) may reduce GVHD, because tissue injury can be restored at the time of DLI. In this study, we investigated the presence of tissue injury and inflammation in skin during the period of hematologic recovery and immune reconstitution after alloSCT. Methods Skin biopsies were immunohistochemically stained for HLA class II, CD1a, CD11c, CD40, CD54, CD68, CD86, CD206, CD3, and CD8. HLA class II-expressing cells were characterized as activated T-cells, antigen-presenting cells (APCs), or tissue repairing macrophages. In sex-mismatched patient and donor couples, origin of cells was determined by multiplex analysis combining XY-FISH and fluorescent immunohistochemistry. Results No inflammatory environment due to pretransplant conditioning was detected at the time of alloSCT, irrespective of the conditioning regimen. An increase in HLA class II-positive macrophages and CD3 T-cells was observed 12–24 weeks after myeloablative alloSCT, but these macrophages did not show signs of interaction with the co-localized T-cells. In contrast, during GVHD, an increase in HLA class II-expressing cells coinciding with T-cell interaction was observed, resulting in an overt inflammatory reaction with the presence of activated APC, activated donor T-cells, and localized upregulation of HLA class II expression on epidermal cells. In the absence of GVHD, patient derived macrophages were gradually replaced by donor-derived macrophages although patient-derived macrophages were detectable even 24 weeks after alloSCT. Conclusion Conditioning regimens cause tissue damage in the skin, but this does not result in a local increase of activated APC. In contrast to the inflamed situation in GVHD, when interaction takes place between activated APC and donor T-cells, the tissue damage caused by myeloablative alloSCT results in dermal recruitment of HLA class II-positive tissue repairing macrophages co-existing with increased numbers of patient- and donor-derived T-cells, but without signs of specific interaction and initiation of an immune response. Thus, the local skin damage caused by the conditioning regimen appears to be insufficient as single factor to provoke GVHD induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter van Balen
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Alwine B Kruisselbrink
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Matthijs Eefting
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Ekaterina S Jordanova
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Center for Gynaecologic Oncology Amsterdam, VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - J H F Falkenburg
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Inge Jedema
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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van IJzendoorn DGP, Sleijfer S, Gelderblom H, Eskens FALM, van Leenders GJLH, Szuhai K, Bovée JVMG. Telatinib Is an Effective Targeted Therapy for Pseudomyogenic Hemangioendothelioma. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:2678-2687. [PMID: 29511030 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-3512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma (PHE) is an extremely rare locally aggressive neoplasm with endothelial differentiation, which often presents with multiple lesions. These tumors have characteristic SERPINE1-FOSB fusions. We report a 17 years old patient with advanced unresectable PHE with a durable complete remission to the multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor telatinib. The aim of this study was to generate an in vitro model for PHE, to study the functional consequences of SERPINE1-FOSB in endothelial cells, and its interaction with telatinib, to biologically substantiate the complete response to telatinib.Experimental Design: As the fusion results in overexpression of a truncated form of FOSB, we overexpressed truncated FOSB in normal endothelial cells.Results: Truncated FOSB significantly affected tumor growth in three-dimensional (3D) on matrigel with increased and sustained sprouting. Moreover, truncated FOSB acted as an active transcription factor capable to regulate its own transcription, as well as to upregulate PDGFRA and FLT1 expression (four-fold). Telatinib decreased proliferation and tumor growth in 3D and induced apoptosis. As expected, telatinib blocked VEGF signaling as phosphorylation of ERK was abolished. Interestingly, in FOSB overexpressing cells, telatinib specifically affected PDGFRA, FLT1, and FLT4 signaling and downregulated SERPINE1, thereby affecting the self-regulation of the fusion gene.Conclusions: We provide a biological substantiation of a complete clinical remission that was seen in a patient with PHE, showing that telatinib indirectly interferes with the self-regulated expression of the fusion product. Thus, telatinib or any other currently available VEGFR1-4/PDGFRA inhibitor could be a highly specific treatment option for patients with multifocal unresectable PHE. Clin Cancer Res; 24(11); 2678-87. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefan Sleijfer
- Department of Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Gelderblom
- Department of Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ferry A L M Eskens
- Department of Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Judith V M G Bovée
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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38
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van IJzendoorn DGP, Forghany Z, Liebelt F, Vertegaal AC, Jochemsen AG, Bovée JVMG, Szuhai K, Baker DA. Functional analyses of a human vascular tumor FOS variant identify a novel degradation mechanism and a link to tumorigenesis. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:21282-21290. [PMID: 29150442 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.c117.815845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelioid hemangioma is a locally aggressive vascular neoplasm, found in bones and soft tissue, whose cause is currently unknown, but may involve oncogene activation. FOS is one of the earliest viral oncogenes to be characterized, and normal cellular FOS forms part of the activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factor complex, which plays a pivotal role in cell growth, differentiation, and survival as well as the DNA damage response. Despite this, a causal link between aberrant FOS function and naturally occurring tumors has not yet been established. Here, we describe a thorough molecular and biochemical analysis of a mutant FOS protein we identified in these vascular tumors. The mutant protein lacks a highly conserved helix consisting of the C-terminal four amino acids of FOS, which we show is indispensable for fast, ubiquitin-independent FOS degradation via the 20S proteasome. Our work reveals that FOS stimulates endothelial sprouting and that perturbation of normal FOS degradation could account for the abnormal vessel growth typical of epithelioid hemangioma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first functional characterization of mutant FOS proteins found in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zary Forghany
- Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Frauke Liebelt
- Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alfred C Vertegaal
- Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Aart G Jochemsen
- Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Karoly Szuhai
- Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - David A Baker
- Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
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39
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Roost MS, Slieker RC, Bialecka M, van Iperen L, Gomes Fernandes MM, He N, Suchiman HED, Szuhai K, Carlotti F, de Koning EJP, Mummery CL, Heijmans BT, Chuva de Sousa Lopes SM. DNA methylation and transcriptional trajectories during human development and reprogramming of isogenic pluripotent stem cells. Nat Commun 2017; 8:908. [PMID: 29030611 PMCID: PMC5640655 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01077-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Determining cell identity and maturation status of differentiated pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) requires knowledge of the transcriptional and epigenetic trajectory of organs during development. Here, we generate a transcriptional and DNA methylation atlas covering 21 organs during human fetal development. Analysis of multiple isogenic organ sets shows that organ-specific DNA methylation patterns are highly dynamic between week 9 (W9) and W22 of gestation. We investigate the impact of reprogramming on organ-specific DNA methylation by generating human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) lines from six isogenic organs. All isogenic hiPSCs acquire DNA methylation patterns comparable to existing hPSCs. However, hiPSCs derived from fetal brain retain brain-specific DNA methylation marks that seem sufficient to confer higher propensity to differentiate to neural derivatives. This systematic analysis of human fetal organs during development and associated isogenic hiPSC lines provides insights in the role of DNA methylation in lineage commitment and epigenetic reprogramming in humans.While DNA methylation and gene expression data are widely available for animal models, comprehensive data from human development is rarer. Here, the authors generated transcriptional and DNA methylation data from 21 organs during human development and 6 isogenic induced pluripotent stem cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias S Roost
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Roderick C Slieker
- Molecular Epidemiology Section, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Monika Bialecka
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth van Iperen
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maria M Gomes Fernandes
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nannan He
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - H Eka D Suchiman
- Molecular Epidemiology Section, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Françoise Carlotti
- Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eelco J P de Koning
- Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Hubrecht Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Christine L Mummery
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan T Heijmans
- Molecular Epidemiology Section, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Susana M Chuva de Sousa Lopes
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands. .,Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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40
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Takaki T, Montagner M, Serres MP, Le Berre M, Russell M, Collinson L, Szuhai K, Howell M, Boulton SJ, Sahai E, Petronczki M. Actomyosin drives cancer cell nuclear dysmorphia and threatens genome stability. Nat Commun 2017; 8:16013. [PMID: 28737169 PMCID: PMC5527285 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms16013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Altered nuclear shape is a defining feature of cancer cells. The mechanisms underlying nuclear dysmorphia in cancer remain poorly understood. Here we identify PPP1R12A and PPP1CB, two subunits of the myosin phosphatase complex that antagonizes actomyosin contractility, as proteins safeguarding nuclear integrity. Loss of PPP1R12A or PPP1CB causes nuclear fragmentation, nuclear envelope rupture, nuclear compartment breakdown and genome instability. Pharmacological or genetic inhibition of actomyosin contractility restores nuclear architecture and genome integrity in cells lacking PPP1R12A or PPP1CB. We detect actin filaments at nuclear envelope rupture sites and define the Rho-ROCK pathway as the driver of nuclear damage. Lamin A protects nuclei from the impact of actomyosin activity. Blocking contractility increases nuclear circularity in cultured cancer cells and suppresses deformations of xenograft nuclei in vivo. We conclude that actomyosin contractility is a major determinant of nuclear shape and that unrestrained contractility causes nuclear dysmorphia, nuclear envelope rupture and genome instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tohru Takaki
- Cell Division and Aneuploidy Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, Clare Hall Laboratories, South Mimms, Hertfordshire EN6 3LD, UK
- DSB Repair Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Marco Montagner
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Murielle P. Serres
- Cell Division and Aneuploidy Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, Clare Hall Laboratories, South Mimms, Hertfordshire EN6 3LD, UK
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, UCL, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Maël Le Berre
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Matt Russell
- Electron Microscopy Group, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Lucy Collinson
- Electron Microscopy Group, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, LUMC, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Howell
- High Throughput Screening Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Simon J. Boulton
- DSB Repair Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Erik Sahai
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Mark Petronczki
- Cell Division and Aneuploidy Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, Clare Hall Laboratories, South Mimms, Hertfordshire EN6 3LD, UK
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Dr Boehringer Gasse 5-11, A-1121 Vienna, Austria
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41
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Gezgin G, Luk SJ, Cao J, Dogrusöz M, van der Steen DM, Hagedoorn RS, Krijgsman D, van der Velden PA, Field MG, Luyten GPM, Szuhai K, Harbour JW, Jordanova ES, Heemskerk MHM, Jager MJ. PRAME as a Potential Target for Immunotherapy in Metastatic Uveal Melanoma. JAMA Ophthalmol 2017; 135:541-549. [PMID: 28448663 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2017.0729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Importance Uveal melanoma (UM) is an intraocular primary malignant neoplasm that often gives rise to metastatic disease for which there are no effective therapies. A substantial proportion of UMs express the cancer-testis antigen PRAME (preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma), which can potentially be targeted by adoptive T-cell therapy. Objective To determine whether there may be a rationale for PRAME-directed T-cell therapy for metastatic UM. Design, Setting, and Participants An experimental study using a retrospective cohort of 64 patients with UM (median follow-up, 62 months) was conducted from January 8, 2015, to November 20, 2016, at the Leiden University Medical Center. Clinical, histopathologic, and genetic parameters were compared between 64 PRAME-positive and PRAME-negative UMs. HLA class I restricted, PRAME-specific T cells were stimulated with UM cell lines to measure their antigen-specific reactivity against these cell lines, which were analyzed for PRAME expression by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Uveal melanoma metastases from 16 unrelated patients were assessed for PRAME expression by messenger RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization and for HLA class I expression by immunofluorescence staining. Main Outcomes and Measures Interferon γ production for antigen-specific reactivity and detection of PRAME and HLA class I expression in primary and metastatic UM. Results Of the 64 patients in the study (31 women and 33 men; mean [SD] age at the time of enucleation, 60.6 [15.6] years), PRAME expression was negative in 35 primary UMs and positive in 29 primary UMs. Positive PRAME expression was associated with a high largest basal diameter (15.0 vs 12.0 mm; P = .005), ciliary body involvement (59% vs 26%; P = .008), and amplification of chromosome 8q (66% vs 23%; P = .002). PRAME-specific T cells reacted against 4 of 7 UM cell lines, demonstrating that T-cell reactivity correlated with PRAME expression. Metastatic UM samples were positive for PRAME messenger RNA in 11 of 16 patients and for HLA class I in 10 of 16 patients, with 8 of 16 patients demonstrating coexpression of both PRAME and HLA class I. Conclusions and Relevance PRAME is expressed in many primary and metastatic UMs, and about half of the metastatic UMs coexpress PRAME and HLA class I. The finding that PRAME-specific T cells in this study reacted against PRAME-positive UM cell lines suggests a potential role for PRAME-directed immunotherapy for selected patients with metastatic UM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülçin Gezgin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sietse J Luk
- Department of Haematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jinfeng Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands3Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mehmet Dogrusöz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Dirk M van der Steen
- Department of Haematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Renate S Hagedoorn
- Department of Haematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Daniëlle Krijgsman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Matthew G Field
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Gregorius P M Luyten
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - J William Harbour
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Ekaterina S Jordanova
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands7Center for Gynecological Oncology Amsterdam, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mirjam H M Heemskerk
- Department of Haematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Martine J Jager
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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42
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Abstract
Recent molecular investigations of chordoma show common expression of various receptor tyrosine kinases and activation of downstream signaling pathways contributing to tumor growth and progression. The transcription factor brachyury (also known as T) is important in notochord differentiation, and germline duplication of the gene is often found in familial chordomas. Nuclear expression of brachyury is consistent in chordoma and in benign notochordal cell tumor. Based on the molecular evidence, targeting of several kinds of molecular agents has been attempted for the treatment of uncontrolled chordomas and achieved partial response or stable condition in many cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiko Yamaguchi
- Department of Pathology, Koshigaya Hospital, Dokkyo Medical University, 2-1-50 Minami-Koshigaya, Koshigaya, Saitama 343-8555, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Imada
- Department of Pathology, Koshigaya Hospital, Dokkyo Medical University, 2-1-50 Minami-Koshigaya, Koshigaya, Saitama 343-8555, Japan
| | - Shun Iida
- Department of Pathology, Koshigaya Hospital, Dokkyo Medical University, 2-1-50 Minami-Koshigaya, Koshigaya, Saitama 343-8555, Japan
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box: 9600, Post Zone: R-01-P, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands
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43
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Lorenz S, Barøy T, Sun J, Nome T, Vodák D, Bryne JC, Håkelien AM, Fernandez-Cuesta L, Möhlendick B, Rieder H, Szuhai K, Zaikova O, Ahlquist TC, Thomassen GOS, Skotheim RI, Lothe RA, Tarpey PS, Campbell P, Flanagan A, Myklebost O, Meza-Zepeda LA. Unscrambling the genomic chaos of osteosarcoma reveals extensive transcript fusion, recurrent rearrangements and frequent novel TP53 aberrations. Oncotarget 2017; 7:5273-88. [PMID: 26672768 PMCID: PMC4868685 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to many other sarcoma subtypes, the chaotic karyotypes of osteosarcoma have precluded the identification of pathognomonic translocations. We here report hundreds of genomic rearrangements in osteosarcoma cell lines, showing clear characteristics of microhomology-mediated break-induced replication (MMBIR) and end-joining repair (MMEJ) mechanisms. However, at RNA level, the majority of the fused transcripts did not correspond to genomic rearrangements, suggesting the involvement of trans-splicing, which was further supported by typical trans-splicing characteristics. By combining genomic and transcriptomic analysis, certain recurrent rearrangements were identified and further validated in patient biopsies, including a PMP22-ELOVL5 gene fusion, genomic structural variations affecting RB1, MTAP/CDKN2A and MDM2, and, most frequently, rearrangements involving TP53. Most cell lines (7/11) and a large fraction of tumor samples (10/25) showed TP53 rearrangements, in addition to somatic point mutations (6 patient samples, 1 cell line) and MDM2 amplifications (2 patient samples, 2 cell lines). The resulting inactivation of p53 was demonstrated by a deficiency of the radiation-induced DNA damage response. Thus, TP53 rearrangements are the major mechanism of p53 inactivation in osteosarcoma. Together with active MMBIR and MMEJ, this inactivation probably contributes to the exceptional chromosomal instability in these tumors. Although rampant rearrangements appear to be a phenotype of osteosarcomas, we demonstrate that among the huge number of probable passenger rearrangements, specific recurrent, possibly oncogenic, events are present. For the first time the genomic chaos of osteosarcoma is characterized so thoroughly and delivered new insights in mechanisms involved in osteosarcoma development and may contribute to new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Lorenz
- Department of Tumor Biology, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian Cancer Genomics Consortium, Norway
| | - Tale Barøy
- Department of Tumor Biology, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jinchang Sun
- Genomics Core Facility, Department of Core Facilities, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian Cancer Genomics Consortium, Norway
| | - Torfinn Nome
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer research, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Daniel Vodák
- Department of Tumor Biology, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan-Christian Bryne
- Department of Tumor Biology, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Genomics Core Facility, Department of Core Facilities, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne-Mari Håkelien
- Department of Tumor Biology, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lynnette Fernandez-Cuesta
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Genetic Cancer Susceptibility Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Birte Möhlendick
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Harald Rieder
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Olga Zaikova
- Clinic for Cancer, Surgery and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Terje C Ahlquist
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer research, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gard O S Thomassen
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer research, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rolf I Skotheim
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer research, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ragnhild A Lothe
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer research, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Adrienne Flanagan
- Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Middlesex, UK.,UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ola Myklebost
- Department of Tumor Biology, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian Cancer Genomics Consortium, Norway
| | - Leonardo A Meza-Zepeda
- Department of Tumor Biology, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Genomics Core Facility, Department of Core Facilities, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian Cancer Genomics Consortium, Norway
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He N, van Iperen L, de Jong D, Szuhai K, Helmerhorst FM, van der Westerlaken LAJ, Chuva de Sousa Lopes SM. Human Extravillous Trophoblasts Penetrate Decidual Veins and Lymphatics before Remodeling Spiral Arteries during Early Pregnancy. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169849. [PMID: 28081266 PMCID: PMC5230788 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, the defective invasion of the maternal endometrium by fetal extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) can lead to insufficient perfusion of the placenta, resulting in pregnancy complications that can put both mother and baby at risk. To study the invasion of maternal endometrium between (W)5.5–12 weeks of gestation by EVTs, we combined fluorescence in situ hybridization, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry to determine the presence of (male) EVTs in the vasculature of the maternal decidua. We observed that interstitial mononuclear EVTs directly entered decidual veins and lymphatics from W5.5. This invasion of decidual veins and lymphatics occurred long before endovascular EVTs remodelled decidual spiral arteries. This unexpected early entrance of interstitial mononuclear EVTs in the maternal circulation does not seem to contribute to the materno-placental vascular connection directly, but rather to establish (and expand) the materno-fetal interface through an alternative vascular route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan He
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth van Iperen
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle de Jong
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Frans M. Helmerhorst
- Department of Gynaecology, Division of Reproductive Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Susana M. Chuva de Sousa Lopes
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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45
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Kovar H, Amatruda J, Brunet E, Burdach S, Cidre-Aranaz F, de Alava E, Dirksen U, van der Ent W, Grohar P, Grünewald TGP, Helman L, Houghton P, Iljin K, Korsching E, Ladanyi M, Lawlor E, Lessnick S, Ludwig J, Meltzer P, Metzler M, Mora J, Moriggl R, Nakamura T, Papamarkou T, Radic Sarikas B, Rédini F, Richter GHS, Rossig C, Schadler K, Schäfer BW, Scotlandi K, Sheffield NC, Shelat A, Snaar-Jagalska E, Sorensen P, Stegmaier K, Stewart E, Sweet-Cordero A, Szuhai K, Tirado OM, Tirode F, Toretsky J, Tsafou K, Üren A, Zinovyev A, Delattre O. The second European interdisciplinary Ewing sarcoma research summit--A joint effort to deconstructing the multiple layers of a complex disease. Oncotarget 2017; 7:8613-24. [PMID: 26802024 PMCID: PMC4890991 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite multimodal treatment, long term outcome for patients with Ewing sarcoma is still poor. The second “European interdisciplinary Ewing sarcoma research summit” assembled a large group of scientific experts in the field to discuss their latest unpublished findings on the way to the identification of novel therapeutic targets and strategies. Ewing sarcoma is characterized by a quiet genome with presence of an EWSR1-ETS gene rearrangement as the only and defining genetic aberration. RNA-sequencing of recently described Ewing-like sarcomas with variant translocations identified them as biologically distinct diseases. Various presentations adressed mechanisms of EWS-ETS fusion protein activities with a focus on EWS-FLI1. Data were presented shedding light on the molecular underpinnings of genetic permissiveness to this disease uncovering interaction of EWS-FLI1 with recently discovered susceptibility loci. Epigenetic context as a consequence of the interaction between the oncoprotein, cell type, developmental stage, and tissue microenvironment emerged as dominant theme in the discussion of the molecular pathogenesis and inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity of Ewing sarcoma, and the difficulty to generate animal models faithfully recapitulating the human disease. The problem of preclinical development of biologically targeted therapeutics was discussed and promising perspectives were offered from the study of novel in vitro models. Finally, it was concluded that in order to facilitate rapid pre-clinical and clinical development of novel therapies in Ewing sarcoma, the community needs a platform to maintain knowledge of unpublished results, systems and models used in drug testing and to continue the open dialogue initiated at the first two Ewing sarcoma summits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heinrich Kovar
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Pediatrics, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - James Amatruda
- Departments of Pediatrics, Molecular Biology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Erika Brunet
- Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, INSERM U1154, CNRS 7196, Paris, France
| | - Stefan Burdach
- Children's Cancer Research Center and Department of Pediatrics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University and Comprehensive Cancer Center Munich (CCCM), Munich, Germany
| | - Florencia Cidre-Aranaz
- Unidad de Tumores Sólidos Infantiles, Área de Genética Humana, Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique de Alava
- Institute of Biomedicine of Sevilla (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital /CSIC/University de Sevilla, Department of Pathology, Seville, Spain
| | - Uta Dirksen
- University Children´s Hospital Muenster, Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Muenster, Germany
| | - Wietske van der Ent
- INSERM U830, Laboratoire de Génétique et Biologie des Cancers, Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Grohar
- Van Andel Institute, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology and Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Thomas G P Grünewald
- Laboratory for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology of the LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lee Helman
- Center for Cancer Rearch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MA, USA
| | - Peter Houghton
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Kristiina Iljin
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Espoo, Finland
| | - Eberhard Korsching
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Marc Ladanyi
- Department of Pathology and Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth Lawlor
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Stephen Lessnick
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Nationwide Children's Hospital, and the Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Joseph Ludwig
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paul Meltzer
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Markus Metzler
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jaume Mora
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Sant Joan de Déu Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Richard Moriggl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine and Medical University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Takuro Nakamura
- Division of Carcinogenesis, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Branka Radic Sarikas
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Guenther H S Richter
- Children's Cancer Research Center and Department of Pediatrics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University and Comprehensive Cancer Center Munich (CCCM), Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Rossig
- University Children´s Hospital Muenster, Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Muenster, Germany
| | - Keri Schadler
- Department of Pediatrics Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Beat W Schäfer
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Experimental Oncology Lab, Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nathan C Sheffield
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anang Shelat
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis,TN, USA
| | | | - Poul Sorensen
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kimberly Stegmaier
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Stewart
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Alejandro Sweet-Cordero
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Oscar M Tirado
- Sarcoma Research Group, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Franck Tirode
- INSERM U830, Laboratoire de Génétique et Biologie des Cancers, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Jeffrey Toretsky
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kalliopi Tsafou
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Aykut Üren
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Andrei Zinovyev
- INSERM U830, Laboratoire de Génétique et Biologie des Cancers, Institut Curie, Paris, France.,INSERM, U900, Paris, France.,Ecole des Mines ParisTech, Fontainbleau, France
| | - Olivier Delattre
- INSERM U830, Laboratoire de Génétique et Biologie des Cancers, Institut Curie, Paris, France
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46
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van de Ven RA, de Groot JS, Park D, van Domselaar R, de Jong D, Szuhai K, van der Wall E, Rueda OM, Ali HR, Caldas C, van Diest PJ, Hetzer MW, Sahai E, Derksen PW. p120-catenin prevents multinucleation through control of MKLP1-dependent RhoA activity during cytokinesis. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13874. [PMID: 28004812 PMCID: PMC5192218 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Spatiotemporal activation of RhoA and actomyosin contraction underpins cellular adhesion and division. Loss of cell-cell adhesion and chromosomal instability are cardinal events that drive tumour progression. Here, we show that p120-catenin (p120) not only controls cell-cell adhesion, but also acts as a critical regulator of cytokinesis. We find that p120 regulates actomyosin contractility through concomitant binding to RhoA and the centralspindlin component MKLP1, independent of cadherin association. In anaphase, p120 is enriched at the cleavage furrow where it binds MKLP1 to spatially control RhoA GTPase cycling. Binding of p120 to MKLP1 during cytokinesis depends on the N-terminal coiled-coil domain of p120 isoform 1A. Importantly, clinical data show that loss of p120 expression is a common event in breast cancer that strongly correlates with multinucleation and adverse patient survival. In summary, our study identifies p120 loss as a driver event of chromosomal instability in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A.H. van de Ven
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jolien S. de Groot
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle Park
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, 44 Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Robert van Domselaar
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle de Jong
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Elsken van der Wall
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Oscar M. Rueda
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - H. Raza Ali
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul J. van Diest
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martin W. Hetzer
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Erik Sahai
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, 44 Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Patrick W.B. Derksen
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
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47
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Vojcek Á, Pajor G, Alpár D, Mátics R, Pótó L, Szuhai K, Pajor L. Conserved hierarchical gain of chromosome 4 is an independent prognostic factor in high hyperdiploid pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leuk Res 2016; 52:28-33. [PMID: 27870946 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High hyperdiploid (HeH) pre-B pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-pALL) is known to be heterogeneous by prognosis, but the stratification principals according to conventional cytogenetic analysis (CCA) are equivocal. PROCEDURE Untreated bone marrow samples of 214 B-pALL patients were previously classified according to the modal numbers (iMN8) based on the gains of the chromosomes 4, 6, 10, 14, 17, 18, 21, and X as revealed by consecutive and correlated 2×4 color interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization, and at least five years of follow up data were analyzed. RESULTS Data from 48 of the 53 HeH (iMN8>50) B-pALL patients indicated that among the age, gender, WBC, and iMN8 parameters, only the last was significantly associated with overall survival (pOS), which allowed the cases to be classified as iMN8 51-54 (75%) and iMN8 ≥ 55 (95%). Among the specific chromosomal gains of +4, +4/+6, +4/+17 and +4/+18, the first exhibited the most significance in terms of beneficial outcomes. The better prognostic group according to the iMN8 was associated with a significantly reduced complexity of the subclonal landscape. However, iMN8 did not prove to be an independent variable but was instead overridden by isolated trisomy of chromosome 4. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that the better outcomes in the HeH B-pALL group arose from the gain of a specific chromosome that always ranks at the same position in the sequential acquisition of the affected chromosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - R Mátics
- Department of Translational Medicine
| | - L Pótó
- Department of Bioanalysis of the University of Pécs Medical Center, Pécs, Hungary
| | - K Szuhai
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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48
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de Jong Y, van Maldegem AM, Marino-Enriquez A, de Jong D, Suijker J, Briaire-de Bruijn IH, Kruisselbrink AB, Cleton-Jansen AM, Szuhai K, Gelderblom H, Fletcher JA, Bovée JVMG. Inhibition of Bcl-2 family members sensitizes mesenchymal chondrosarcoma to conventional chemotherapy: report on a novel mesenchymal chondrosarcoma cell line. J Transl Med 2016; 96:1128-37. [PMID: 27617402 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2016.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal chondrosarcomas are rare and highly aggressive sarcomas occurring in bone and soft tissue, with poor overall survival. Bcl-2 expression was previously shown to be upregulated in mesenchymal chondrosarcomas. We here report on a newly derived mesenchymal chondrosarcoma cell line, MCS170, in which we investigated treatment with the BH3 mimetic ABT-737 alone or in combination with conventional chemotherapy as a possible new therapeutic strategy. The presence of the characteristic HEY1-NCOA2 fusion was confirmed in the MCS170 cell line using FISH, RT-PCR, and sequencing. The MCS170 cell line was treated with ABT-737 alone or in combination with doxorubicin or cisplatin. Cell viability and proliferation was determined using WST-1 viability assays and the xCELLigence system. Expression of Bcl-2 family members was studied using immunohistochemistry. Apoptosis was determined using the caspase-glo 3/7 assay and western blot for PARP cleavage. The MCS170 cell line was sensitive to doxorubicin treatment with an IC50 of 0.09 μM after 72 h, but more resistant to cisplatin treatment with an IC50 of 4.5 μM after 72 h. Cells showed little sensitivity toward ABT-737 with an IC50 of 1.8 μM after 72 h. Combination treatments demonstrated ABT-737 synergism with cisplatin as well as doxorubicin as shown by induction of apoptosis and reduction in cell proliferation. Restoration of the apoptotic machinery by inhibition of Bcl-2 family members sensitizes MCS170 mesenchymal chondrosarcoma cells to conventional chemotherapy. This indicates that combining the inhibition of Bcl-2 family members with conventional chemotherapy can be a possible therapeutic strategy for patients with mesenchymal chondrosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne de Jong
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Adrian Marino-Enriquez
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Danielle de Jong
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Johnny Suijker
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Gelderblom
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan A Fletcher
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Judith V M G Bovée
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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49
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Sand LGL, Berghuis D, Szuhai K, Hogendoorn PCW. Expression of CCL21 in Ewing sarcoma shows an inverse correlation with metastases and is a candidate target for immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2016; 65:995-1002. [PMID: 27369431 PMCID: PMC4956712 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-016-1862-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma is an aggressive neoplasm predominantly occurring in adolescents and has a poor prognosis when metastasized. For patients with metastatic disease in particular, immunotherapy has been proposed as possible beneficial additive therapy. CCL21 activation-based immunotherapy was successful in preclinical studies in other tumor types; therefore, we investigated CCL21 expression in Ewing sarcoma as potential target for immunotherapy. The CCL21 RNA expression was determined in 21 Ewing sarcoma cell lines and 18 primary therapy-naive Ewing sarcoma samples. In the tumor samples, this was correlated with the number and CD4+/CD8+ ratio of infiltrating T cells and clinical parameters. Higher RNA expression levels of CCL21 significantly correlated with a lower CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio (P = 0.009), good chemotherapeutic response (P = 0.01) and improved outcome (P < 0.001). In patients with metastases, CCL21 expression was significantly lower than in patients without (P < 0.0005). CCL21 expression was significantly higher in Ewing sarcoma tissue samples compared to cell lines (P < 0.01), implying the involvement of a stromal factor. Protein expression analysis of CCL21 and its receptor CCR7 in 24 therapy-naïve tumors showed that there was no expression in all bar one Ewing sarcoma cells. In conclusion, CCL21 is expressed in clinical Ewing sarcoma samples by nontumor-infiltrating immune cells. The observed positive correlation with survival implies that CCL21 might be a potential prognostic marker for Ewing sarcoma and marks the potential of CCL21 immunotherapy for use in Ewing sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurens G L Sand
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Dagmar Berghuis
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Pancras C W Hogendoorn
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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50
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Gomes Fernandes M, Dries R, Roost MS, Semrau S, de Melo Bernardo A, Davis RP, Ramakrishnan R, Szuhai K, Maas E, Umans L, Abon Escalona V, Salvatori D, Deforce D, Van Criekinge W, Huylebroeck D, Mummery C, Zwijsen A, de Sousa Lopes SMC. BMP-SMAD Signaling Regulates Lineage Priming, but Is Dispensable for Self-Renewal in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2015; 6:85-94. [PMID: 26711875 PMCID: PMC4720007 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2015.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Naive mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) are in a metastable state and fluctuate between inner cell mass- and epiblast-like phenotypes. Here, we show transient activation of the BMP-SMAD signaling pathway in mESCs containing a BMP-SMAD responsive reporter transgene. Activation of the BMP-SMAD reporter transgene in naive mESCs correlated with lower levels of genomic DNA methylation, high expression of 5-methylcytosine hydroxylases Tet1/2 and low levels of DNA methyltransferases Dnmt3a/b. Moreover, naive mESCs, in which the BMP-SMAD reporter transgene was activated, showed higher resistance to differentiation. Using double Smad1;Smad5 knockout mESCs, we showed that BMP-SMAD signaling is dispensable for self-renewal in both naive and ground state. These mutant mESCs were still pluripotent, but they exhibited higher levels of DNA methylation than their wild-type counterparts and had a higher propensity to differentiate. We showed that BMP-SMAD signaling modulates lineage priming in mESCs, by transiently regulating the enzymatic machinery responsible for DNA methylation. BMP-SMAD signaling in mESCs is more prominent in naive than ground state BMP-SMAD signaling is dispensable for pluripotency in mESCs BMP-SMAD signaling facilitates lineage priming in mESCs BMP-SMAD signaling regulates Dnmt3b and hence levels of DNA methylation
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gomes Fernandes
- Department Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, the Netherlands
| | - Ruben Dries
- Department Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Celgen), KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 CN, the Netherlands
| | - Matthias S Roost
- Department Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, the Netherlands
| | - Stefan Semrau
- Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 CA, the Netherlands
| | - Ana de Melo Bernardo
- Department Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, the Netherlands
| | - Richard P Davis
- Department Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, the Netherlands
| | - Ramprasad Ramakrishnan
- Department Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, the Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, the Netherlands
| | - Elke Maas
- Department Human Genetics, VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Lieve Umans
- Department Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Celgen), KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 CN, the Netherlands; Department Human Genetics, VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Vanesa Abon Escalona
- Department Human Genetics, VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Daniela Salvatori
- Department Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, the Netherlands; Center Laboratory Animal Facility, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, the Netherlands
| | - Dieter Deforce
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Wim Van Criekinge
- Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bio-informatics, Faculty Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Danny Huylebroeck
- Department Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Celgen), KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 CN, the Netherlands
| | - Christine Mummery
- Department Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, the Netherlands
| | - An Zwijsen
- Department Human Genetics, VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Susana M Chuva de Sousa Lopes
- Department Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, the Netherlands; Department Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent 9000, Belgium.
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