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Skowron MA, Petzsch P, Hardt K, Wagner N, Beier M, Stepanow S, Drechsler M, Rieder H, Köhrer K, Niegisch G, Hoffmann MJ, Schulz WA. Distinctive mutational spectrum and karyotype disruption in long-term cisplatin-treated urothelial carcinoma cell lines. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14476. [PMID: 31597922 PMCID: PMC6785536 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50891-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The DNA-damaging compound cisplatin is broadly employed for cancer chemotherapy. The mutagenic effects of cisplatin on cancer cell genomes are poorly studied and might even contribute to drug resistance. We have therefore analyzed mutations and chromosomal alterations in four cisplatin-resistant bladder cancer cell lines (LTTs) by whole-exome-sequencing and array-CGH. 720–7479 genes in the LTTs contained point mutations, with a characteristic mutational signature. Only 53 genes were mutated in all LTTs, including the presumed cisplatin exporter ATP7B. Chromosomal alterations were characterized by segmented deletions and gains leading to severely altered karyotypes. The few chromosomal changes shared among LTTs included gains involving the anti-apoptotic BCL2L1 gene and losses involving the NRF2 regulator KEAP1. Overall, the extent of genomic changes paralleled cisplatin treatment concentrations. In conclusion, bladder cancer cell lines selected for cisplatin-resistance contain abundant and characteristic drug-induced genomic changes. Cisplatin treatment may therefore generate novel tumor genomes during patient treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaretha A Skowron
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karin Hardt
- Institute for Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nicholas Wagner
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Manfred Beier
- Institute for Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefanie Stepanow
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias Drechsler
- Institute for Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Harald Rieder
- Institute for Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Günter Niegisch
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michèle J Hoffmann
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfgang A Schulz
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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2
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Stratmann JA, von Rose AB, Koschade S, Wendelin K, Köhler F, Heinsch M, Schiller K, Haferlach C, Wattad M, Rieder H, Serve H, Gökbuget N, Steffen B. Clinical and genetic characterization of de novo double-hit B cell precursor leukemia/lymphoma. Ann Hematol 2019; 98:647-656. [PMID: 30613837 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-018-03590-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The 2016 revised World Health Organization (WHO) classification of lymphoid neoplasms included the category of high-grade B cell lymphomas (HGBLs) with combined MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements (double-hit, DH). However, the clinical features of B cell precursor leukemia (BCP-ALL) that harbor DH genetics remain widely unknown. We performed a retrospective analysis of the German Multicenter Study Group for Adult ALL registry and a literature search for de novo DH-BCP-ALLs. We identified 6 patients in the GMALL registry and 11 patients published in the literature between 1983 and June 2018. Patients of all ages (range, 15-86 years) are affected. There is a high incidence of meningeal disease and other extramedullary disease manifestations. Current treatment approaches are mainly ALL-based and are sufficient to induce first complete remissions, but progression-free survival is only 4.0 months (95% CI, 1.5-6.5 months) and all patients succumb to their disease, once relapsed, with a median survival of 5.0 months (95% CI, 3.1-6.9 months), despite intensive salvage and targeted therapy approaches. Of all patients, only two that attained an initial complete remission were alive at data cutoff. In all cases, the BCL2 gene was rearranged to be in proximity to the IGH locus, whereas MYC had various translocation partners juxtaposed. There was no significant survival difference between IG and non-IG translocation partners (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.33-3.2; p = 0.89). In conclusion, de novo DH-BCP-ALL is an aggressive B cell malignancy with deleterious outcome. Physicians have to be aware of this rare disease subset due to the atypical clinical behavior and especially because latest classification systems do not cover this sub-entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan A Stratmann
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University of Frankfurt, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Aaron Becker von Rose
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University of Frankfurt, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sebastian Koschade
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University of Frankfurt, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Knut Wendelin
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Paracelsus Medical University, Prof.-Ernst-Nathan-Str. 1, 90419, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Friedemann Köhler
- Department of. Internal Medicine II, Schwarzwald-Baar Clinic Villingen-Schwenningen, Klinikstr. 11, 78052, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - Michael Heinsch
- Department of Internal Medicine II, St Johannes Hospital, An der Abtei 7-11, 47166, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Kilian Schiller
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Haferlach
- Munich Leukemia Laboratory (MLL), Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Mohamed Wattad
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Essen-Werden, Pattbergstraße 1-3, 45239, Essen, Germany
| | - Harald Rieder
- Institute for Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hubert Serve
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University of Frankfurt, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nicola Gökbuget
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University of Frankfurt, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Björn Steffen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University of Frankfurt, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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3
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Urch L, Rieder H, Slade S, Davies J, Sargeant G. Remodelling holistic care: a service improvement project to develop a Ward Therapist role. Physiotherapy 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2018.11.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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4
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Lorenz S, Barøy T, Sun J, Nome T, Vodák D, Bryne JC, Håkelien AM, Fernandez-Cuesta L, Möhlendick B, Rieder H, Szuhai K, Zaikova O, Ahlquist TC, Thomassen GOS, Skotheim RI, Lothe RA, Tarpey PS, Campbell P, Flanagan A, Myklebost O, Meza-Zepeda LA. Unscrambling the genomic chaos of osteosarcoma reveals extensive transcript fusion, recurrent rearrangements and frequent novel TP53 aberrations. Oncotarget 2017; 7:5273-88. [PMID: 26672768 PMCID: PMC4868685 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to many other sarcoma subtypes, the chaotic karyotypes of osteosarcoma have precluded the identification of pathognomonic translocations. We here report hundreds of genomic rearrangements in osteosarcoma cell lines, showing clear characteristics of microhomology-mediated break-induced replication (MMBIR) and end-joining repair (MMEJ) mechanisms. However, at RNA level, the majority of the fused transcripts did not correspond to genomic rearrangements, suggesting the involvement of trans-splicing, which was further supported by typical trans-splicing characteristics. By combining genomic and transcriptomic analysis, certain recurrent rearrangements were identified and further validated in patient biopsies, including a PMP22-ELOVL5 gene fusion, genomic structural variations affecting RB1, MTAP/CDKN2A and MDM2, and, most frequently, rearrangements involving TP53. Most cell lines (7/11) and a large fraction of tumor samples (10/25) showed TP53 rearrangements, in addition to somatic point mutations (6 patient samples, 1 cell line) and MDM2 amplifications (2 patient samples, 2 cell lines). The resulting inactivation of p53 was demonstrated by a deficiency of the radiation-induced DNA damage response. Thus, TP53 rearrangements are the major mechanism of p53 inactivation in osteosarcoma. Together with active MMBIR and MMEJ, this inactivation probably contributes to the exceptional chromosomal instability in these tumors. Although rampant rearrangements appear to be a phenotype of osteosarcomas, we demonstrate that among the huge number of probable passenger rearrangements, specific recurrent, possibly oncogenic, events are present. For the first time the genomic chaos of osteosarcoma is characterized so thoroughly and delivered new insights in mechanisms involved in osteosarcoma development and may contribute to new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Lorenz
- Department of Tumor Biology, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian Cancer Genomics Consortium, Norway
| | - Tale Barøy
- Department of Tumor Biology, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jinchang Sun
- Genomics Core Facility, Department of Core Facilities, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian Cancer Genomics Consortium, Norway
| | - Torfinn Nome
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer research, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Daniel Vodák
- Department of Tumor Biology, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan-Christian Bryne
- Department of Tumor Biology, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Genomics Core Facility, Department of Core Facilities, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne-Mari Håkelien
- Department of Tumor Biology, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lynnette Fernandez-Cuesta
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Genetic Cancer Susceptibility Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Birte Möhlendick
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Harald Rieder
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Olga Zaikova
- Clinic for Cancer, Surgery and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Terje C Ahlquist
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer research, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gard O S Thomassen
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer research, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rolf I Skotheim
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer research, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ragnhild A Lothe
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer research, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Adrienne Flanagan
- Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Middlesex, UK.,UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ola Myklebost
- Department of Tumor Biology, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian Cancer Genomics Consortium, Norway
| | - Leonardo A Meza-Zepeda
- Department of Tumor Biology, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Genomics Core Facility, Department of Core Facilities, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian Cancer Genomics Consortium, Norway
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5
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Hoffmann MJ, Koutsogiannouli E, Skowron MA, Pinkerneil M, Niegisch G, Brandt A, Stepanow S, Rieder H, Schulz WA. The New Immortalized Uroepithelial Cell Line HBLAK Contains Defined Genetic Aberrations Typical of Early Stage Urothelial Tumors. Bladder Cancer 2016; 2:449-463. [PMID: 28035326 PMCID: PMC5181672 DOI: 10.3233/blc-160065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background: Cell culture models of normal urothelial cells are important for studying differentiation, disease mechanisms and anticancer drug development. Beyond primary cultures with their limitations in lifespan, interindividual heterogeneity and supply, few conditionally immortalized cell lines with limited applicability due to partial transformation or impaired differentiation capacity are available. We describe characteristics of the new spontaneously immortalized cell line HBLAK derived from a primary culture of uroepithelial cells. Objective: To characterize utility and limitations of HBLAK cells as an urothelial cell culture model. Methods: Differentiation markers were investigated by immunofluorescence and RT-PCR, genetic changes by standard karyotyping, array-CGH, PCR, RT-PCR and exome sequencing; expression of p53 and p21 by Western blotting. Results: HBLAK cells proliferated for >50 passages without senescing. They expressed cytokeratins of basal urothelial cells. Terminal differentiation markers appeared only after induction of differentiation by specific protocols. The karyotype was stable, with few chromosomal changes, especially gains of chromosomes 5 and 20 and a chromosome 9p21 deletion resulting in p16INK4A loss. A C228T TERT promoter mutation was present, but no other mutation typical of urothelial carcinoma. TP53 was wild-type and the cell cycle was arrested in response to genomic stress. Conclusions: HBLAK cells retain some differentiation potential and respond to cytotoxic agents similar to normal urothelial cells, but contain genetic changes contributing to immortalization in urothelial tumors. HBLAK may be valuable for evaluating the tumor specificity of novel cancer drugs, but may also be applied as an urothelial in vitro carcinogenesis model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michèle J Hoffmann
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf , Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Margaretha A Skowron
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf , Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maria Pinkerneil
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf , Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Günter Niegisch
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf , Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Artur Brandt
- Institute for Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf , Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefanie Stepanow
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf , Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Harald Rieder
- Institute for Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf , Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfgang A Schulz
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf , Düsseldorf, Germany
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6
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Braunholz D, Obieglo C, Parenti I, Pozojevic J, Eckhold J, Reiz B, Braenne I, Wendt KS, Watrin E, Vodopiutz J, Rieder H, Gillessen-Kaesbach G, Kaiser FJ. Hidden Mutations in Cornelia de Lange Syndrome Limitations of Sanger Sequencing in Molecular Diagnostics. Hum Mutat 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/humu.22755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Braunholz
- Sektion für Funktionelle Genetik am Institut für Humangenetik Lübeck; Universität zu Lübeck; Lübeck Germany
| | - Carolin Obieglo
- Sektion für Funktionelle Genetik am Institut für Humangenetik Lübeck; Universität zu Lübeck; Lübeck Germany
| | - Ilaria Parenti
- Sektion für Funktionelle Genetik am Institut für Humangenetik Lübeck; Universität zu Lübeck; Lübeck Germany
- Department of Health Sciences; Medical Genetics; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - Jelena Pozojevic
- Sektion für Funktionelle Genetik am Institut für Humangenetik Lübeck; Universität zu Lübeck; Lübeck Germany
| | - Juliane Eckhold
- Sektion für Funktionelle Genetik am Institut für Humangenetik Lübeck; Universität zu Lübeck; Lübeck Germany
| | - Benedikt Reiz
- Institut für integrative und experimentelle Genomik; Universität zu Lübeck; Lübeck Germany
| | - Ingrid Braenne
- Institut für integrative und experimentelle Genomik; Universität zu Lübeck; Lübeck Germany
| | - Kerstin S. Wendt
- Department of Cell Biology; Erasmus MC; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Erwan Watrin
- Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes; Faculté de Médecine; Rennes France
| | - Julia Vodopiutz
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Harald Rieder
- Institut für Humangenetik und Anthropologie; Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf; Düsseldorf Germany
| | | | - Frank J. Kaiser
- Sektion für Funktionelle Genetik am Institut für Humangenetik Lübeck; Universität zu Lübeck; Lübeck Germany
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7
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Braunholz D, Obieglo C, Parenti I, Pozojevic J, Eckhold J, Reiz B, Braenne I, Wendt KS, Watrin E, Vodopiutz J, Rieder H, Gillessen-Kaesbach G, Kaiser FJ. Hidden mutations in Cornelia de Lange syndrome limitations of sanger sequencing in molecular diagnostics. Hum Mutat 2014; 36:26-9. [PMID: 25196272 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a well-characterized developmental disorder. The genetic cause of CdLS is a mutation in one of five associated genes (NIPBL, SMC1A, SMC3, RAD21, and HDAC8) accounting for about 70% of cases. To improve our current molecular diagnostic and to analyze some of CdLS candidate genes, we developed and established a gene panel approach. Because recent data indicate a high frequency of mosaic NIPBL mutations that were not detected by conventional sequencing approaches of blood DNA, we started to collect buccal mucosa (BM) samples of our patients that were negative for mutations in the known CdLS genes. Here, we report the identification of three mosaic NIPBL mutations by our high-coverage gene panel sequencing approach that were undetected by classical Sanger sequencing analysis of BM DNA. All mutations were confirmed by the use of highly sensitive SNaPshot fragment analysis using DNA from BM, urine, and fibroblast samples. In blood samples, we could not detect the respective mutation. Finally, in fibroblast samples from all three patients, Sanger sequencing could identify all the mutations. Thus, our study highlights the need for highly sensitive technologies in molecular diagnostic of CdLS to improve genetic diagnosis and counseling of patients and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Braunholz
- Sektion für Funktionelle Genetik am Institut für Humangenetik Lübeck, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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8
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Binder V, Bartenhagen C, Okpanyi V, Gombert M, Moehlendick B, Behrens B, Klein HU, Rieder H, Ida Krell PF, Dugas M, Stoecklein NH, Borkhardt A. A new workflow for whole-genome sequencing of single human cells. Hum Mutat 2014; 35:1260-70. [PMID: 25066732 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Unbiased amplification of the whole-genome amplification (WGA) of single cells is crucial to study cancer evolution and genetic heterogeneity, but is challenging due to the high complexity of the human genome. Here, we present a new workflow combining an efficient adapter-linker PCR-based WGA method with second-generation sequencing. This approach allows comparison of single cells at base pair resolution. Amplification recovered up to 74% of the human genome. Copy-number variants and loss of heterozygosity detected in single cell genomes showed concordance of up to 99% to pooled genomic DNA. Allele frequencies of mutations could be determined accurately due to an allele dropout rate of only 2%, clearly demonstrating the low bias of our PCR-based WGA approach. Sequencing with paired-end reads allowed genome-wide analysis of structural variants. By direct comparison to other WGA methods, we further endorse its suitability to analyze genetic heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Binder
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
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9
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Rieder H, Bukatsch F. Notizen: Über den Einfluß von 2.4-Dinitrophenol auf das Leuchten von Leuchtbakterien. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-1956-9-1025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Rieder
- Botanisches Institut der Universität München
| | - F. Bukatsch
- Botanisches Institut der Universität München
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10
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Weilandt M, Koch A, Rieder H, Deenen R, Schwender H, Niegisch G, Schulz WA. Target genes of recurrent chromosomal amplification and deletion in urothelial carcinoma. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2014; 11:141-153. [PMID: 24969694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is characterized by multiple recurrent chromosomal changes on a background of increasing genomic instability. To define target genes of recurrent deletions and amplifications, we explored which gene alterations are common in UC, in two recently established cell lines, BC44 and BC61. MATERIALS AND METHODS Genes located in regions of gain or deletion in the cell lines were identified by array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH). Six published microarray datasets were analyzed for genes differentially expressed between urothelial tumor vs. normal tissues. Gene expression and chromosomal changes were compared in BC61 cells. RESULTS The cell lines share homozygous deletions at 9p21 around CDKN2A and amplifications at 11q13.2 around CCND1. In both cell lines 11 genes were commonly lost and 115 gained. Across UC in general, 230 genes were expressed stronger and 349 weaker; a subset displaying corresponding genetic changes in the cell lines. The commonly affected subset contains well-investigated genes like E2F1 and CCNE1, but also several genes not yet sufficiently investigated in UC. DISCUSSION Our approach highlights genes involved in cell cycle regulation, apoptosis and signal transduction as commonly deregulated across UC. Nevertheless, many chromosomal regions undergoing recurrent changes harbor several commonly deregulated genes that may act jointly in UC development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merlin Weilandt
- Urologische Klinik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Annemarie Koch
- Urologische Klinik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Harald Rieder
- Institut für Humangenetik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - René Deenen
- Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Holger Schwender
- Lehrstuhl für Mathematische Optimierung, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Günter Niegisch
- Urologische Klinik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfgang A Schulz
- Urologische Klinik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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11
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Türkmen S, Timmermann B, Bartels G, Gröger D, Meyer C, Schwartz S, Haferlach C, Rieder H, Gökbuget N, Hoelzer D, Marschalek R, Burmeister T. Involvement of theMLLgene in adult T-lymphoblastic leukemia. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2012; 51:1114-24. [DOI: 10.1002/gcc.21996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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12
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Koch A, Hatina J, Rieder H, Seifert HH, Huckenbeck W, Jankowiak F, Florl AR, Stoehr R, Schulz WA. Discovery of TP53 splice variants in two novel papillary urothelial cancer cell lines. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2012; 35:243-57. [PMID: 22669776 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-012-0082-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using a novel cell culture technique, we established two new cell lines, BC44 and BC61, from papillary urothelial carcinoma and analyzed them for genetic changes typical of this tumor type. METHODS AND RESULTS Karyotyping revealed aneuploid karyotypes with loss of chromosome 9 and rearranged chromosome 5p. Molecular analysis showed CDKN2A deletions but wild-type PIK3CA. BC61 contained a G372C FGFR3 mutation. TP53 was not mutated in either cell line and BC61 expressed normal full-length protein. In contrast, BC44 exclusively expressed cytoplasmic and nuclear p53Δ40 and 133 isoforms from the alternative promoter P2 as revealed by Western blotting, immunocytochemistry and PCR. The only discernible difference in TP53 in BC44 was homozygosity for the deletion allele of the rs17878362 polymorphism in the P2 promoter. Expression of p53 isoforms was also detected in a few other urothelial carcinoma cell lines and tumor cultures and in 4 out of 28 carcinoma tissues. CONCLUSION In urothelial cancers, TP53 is typically inactivated by mutations in one allele and loss of the wildtype allele and more frequently in invasive compared to papillary carcinomas. We show that some urothelial carcinomas may predominantly or exclusively express isoforms which are not detected by commonly used antibodies to epitopes located in the p53 TA amino-terminal region. Expression of these isoforms may constitute a further mode of p53 inactivation in urothelial carcinoma. Our findings raise the question to which extent this mechanism may compromise wildtype p53 function in papillary tumors in particular, where point mutations in the gene are rare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie Koch
- Urologische Klinik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
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13
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Weihs P, Staiger H, Tinz B, Batchvarova E, Rieder H, Vuilleumier L, Maturilli M, Jendritzky G. The uncertainty of UTCI due to uncertainties in the determination of radiation fluxes derived from measured and observed meteorological data. Int J Biometeorol 2012; 56:537-555. [PMID: 21347585 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-011-0416-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2010] [Revised: 01/28/2011] [Accepted: 01/31/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigate the determination accuracy of the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI). We study especially the UTCI uncertainties due to uncertainties in radiation fluxes, whose impacts on UTCI are evaluated via the mean radiant temperature (Tmrt). We assume "normal conditions", which means that usual meteorological information and data are available but no special additional measurements. First, the uncertainty arising only from the measurement uncertainties of the meteorological data is determined. Here, simulations show that uncertainties between 0.4 and 2 K due to the uncertainty of just one of the meteorological input parameters may be expected. We then analyse the determination accuracy when not all radiation data are available and modelling of the missing data is required. Since radiative transfer models require a lot of information that is usually not available, we concentrate only on the determination accuracy achievable with empirical models. The simulations show that uncertainties in the calculation of the diffuse irradiance may lead to Tmrt uncertainties of up to ±2.9 K. If long-wave radiation is missing, we may expect an uncertainty of ±2 K. If modelling of diffuse radiation and of longwave radiation is used for the calculation of Tmrt, we may then expect a determination uncertainty of ±3 K. If all radiative fluxes are modelled based on synoptic observation, the uncertainty in Tmrt is ±5.9 K. Because Tmrt is only one of the four input data required in the calculation of UTCI, the uncertainty in UTCI due to the uncertainty in radiation fluxes is less than ±2 K. The UTCI uncertainties due to uncertainties of the four meteorological input values are not larger than the 6 K reference intervals of the UTCI scale, which means that UTCI may only be wrong by one UTCI scale. This uncertainty may, however, be critical at the two temperature extremes, i.e. under extreme hot or extreme cold conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Weihs
- Institute of Meteorology, University of Applied life Sciences and Natural Resources, Vienna, Austria.
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14
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Kroenlein H, Schwartz S, Reinhardt R, Rieder H, Molkentin M, Gökbuget N, Hoelzer D, Thiel E, Burmeister T. Molecular analysis of the t(2;8)/MYC-IGK translocation in high-grade lymphoma/leukemia by long-distance inverse PCR. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2011; 51:290-9. [PMID: 22120970 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.21915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2011] [Revised: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Burkitt lymphoma and a subset of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas are characterized by chromosomal alterations affecting the MYC oncogene on 8q24. In most cases MYC is found juxtaposed to the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) gene locus. Translocations to the immunoglobulin kappa (IGK) gene locus on 2p11 are observed in around 5-10% of cases. Little data exist on the molecular mechanisms leading to this aberration. The chromosomal breakpoints on chromosome 8 have been found dispersed over a large area 3' of MYC. In order to obtain a better understanding of this chromosomal translocation we developed a long-distance inverse (LDI) PCR method for the identification of chromosomal translocations affecting the IGK locus. We investigated a number of cytogenetically mostly uncharacterized high-grade lymphoma samples and identified a MYC-IGK juxtaposition in seven patients and three t(2;8)-positive cell lines. The chromosomal breakpoints were molecularly characterized and analyzed. The linear distance of the breakpoints on chromosome 8 to MYC ranged from some 100 bp to more than 0.5 MB. The reciprocal translocated allele could be characterized in the majority of cases. This study represents the largest series of t(2;8)-positive cases analyzed so far. The LDI PCR method developed here should also be useful for the analysis of chromosomal translocations affecting the IGK locus in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Kroenlein
- Charité, CBF, Med. Klinik für Hämatologie, Onkologie, Berlin, Germany
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15
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Lange C, Rieder H, Sester M, Milburn H, Kampmann B, Migliori GB, Solovic I. Diagnosis of tuberculosis in patients with psoriasis: the need for a modified approach. Eur Respir J 2011. [DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00041811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Rieder H. Rontgenologische Und Besonders Rontgen-Kinematographische Beobachtungen Bei Or-Ganischer Stenose Der Pars Superior Duodeni. Acta Radiol 2010. [DOI: 10.3109/00016922609138280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Hehlmann R, Grimwade D, Simonsson B, Apperley J, Baccarani M, Barbui T, Barosi G, Bassan R, Béné MC, Berger U, Büchner T, Burnett A, Cross NCP, de Witte TJM, Döhner H, Dombret H, Einsele H, Engelich G, Foà R, Fonatsch C, Gökbuget N, Gluckman E, Gratwohl A, Guilhot F, Haferlach C, Haferlach T, Hallek M, Hasford J, Hochhaus A, Hoelzer D, Kiladjian JJ, Labar B, Ljungman P, Mansmann U, Niederwieser D, Ossenkoppele G, Ribera JM, Rieder H, Serve H, Schrotz-King P, Sanz MA, Saussele S. The European LeukemiaNet: achievements and perspectives. Haematologica 2010; 96:156-62. [PMID: 21048032 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2010.032979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The only way to cure leukemia is by cooperative research. To optimize research, the European LeukemiaNet integrates 105 national leukemia trial groups and networks, 105 interdisciplinary partner groups and about 1,000 leukemia specialists from 175 institutions. They care for tens of thousands of leukemia patients in 33 countries across Europe. Their ultimate goal is to cure leukemia. Since its inception in 2002, the European LeukemiaNet has steadily expanded and has unified leukemia research across Europe. The European LeukemiaNet grew from two major roots: 1) the German Competence Network on Acute and Chronic Leukemias; and 2) the collaboration of European Investigators on Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. The European LeukemiaNet has improved leukemia research and management across Europe. Its concept has led to funding by the European Commission as a network of excellence. Other sources (European Science Foundation; European LeukemiaNet-Foundation) will take over when the support of the European Commission ends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rüdiger Hehlmann
- Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim der Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
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18
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Hable R, Ruckdeschel P, Rieder H. Optimal robust influence functions in semiparametric regression. J Stat Plan Inference 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jspi.2009.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Weinspach S, Siepermann M, Schaper J, Sarikaya-Seiwert S, Rieder H, Gerigk M, Höhn T, Laws HJ. Intracranial Hemorrhage in a Female Leading to the Diagnosis of Severe Hemophilia A and Turner Syndrome. Klin Padiatr 2009; 221:167-71. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1220701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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20
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Fischer L, Gökbuget N, Schwartz S, Burmeister T, Rieder H, Brüggemann M, Hoelzer D, Thiel E. CD56 expression in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia is associated with non-thymic phenotype and resistance to induction therapy but no inferior survival after risk-adapted therapy. Haematologica 2008; 94:224-9. [PMID: 19109214 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.13543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expression of CD56 has been associated with poor prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia and aggressive lymphoma. DESIGN AND METHODS We analyzed the impact of CD56 expression in a cohort of 452 newly diagnosed adult T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) patients; clinical data were available for 306 patients. Treatment was according to the GMALL study protocols 06/99 and 07/03 stipulating stratification into standard (thymic T-ALL) and high risk (pre- and mature T-ALL) groups. RESULTS CD56 expression was detected in 63/452 (13.9%) patients. CD56(+) T-ALL were predominantly of non-thymic (pre-T 35%, mature 41%) immunophenotypic subtypes, whereas 53% of the CD56(-) cases were thymic T-ALL (p=0.00002). CD13, CD33, CD34 and HLA-DR were significantly more frequently expressed. A clonal T-cell receptor rearrangement was detected in 22/23 CD56(+) ALL. No major clinical differences were observed at presentation. Treatment of CD56(+) ALL resulted in a lower rate of complete remissions (70% vs. 88%) (p=0.001) and a higher rate of resistant disease (21% vs. 8%) (p=0.004). CD56 expression had no significant influence on overall (48% vs. 59%) and disease free survival (67% vs. 57%) at three years. CONCLUSIONS CD56 is expressed on a subset of adult T-ALL with distinct immunophenotypical features and higher resistance to therapy. Most CD56(+) ALL were treated in the high-risk arm of the GMALL study protocols owing to their non-thymic phenotype. Thus after risk adapted treatment a prognostic impact of CD56 expression was not detectable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Fischer
- Charité Campus Benjamin Franklin, Medizinische Klinik III, Berlin.
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21
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Hatina J, Huckenbeck W, Rieder H, Seifert HH, Schulz WA. [Bladder carcinoma cell lines as models of the pathobiology of bladder cancer. Review of the literature and establishment of a new progression series]. Urologe A 2008; 47:724-34. [PMID: 18398596 DOI: 10.1007/s00120-008-1687-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumour cell lines represent valuable preclinical models to decipher underlying biology and identify potential therapy targets and pharmacologically useful compounds. Approximately 50 human bladder cancer cell lines have been established to date, mainly from invasive and metastatic tumours. Two of these, namely T24 and 253J, were experimentally further developed into progression series. These models have provided important insights into later tumour progression events and metastatic dissemination. Only a few cell lines are available as models of non-invasive papillary bladder cancer and no progression series have yet been established. MATERIAL AND METHODS During the course of establishing a doxorubicin-resistant variant cell line of the human papillary bladder carcinoma cell line BFTC-905, a unique cell colony was identified, apparently involving cells with divergent growth patterns. Subsequent subculturing yielded three daughter cell lines, BFTC-905-compact, BFTC-905-diffuse und BFTC-905-diffuse M. Their fundamental characterization included basic cell morphology, cell membrane expression of E-Cadherin, karyotype analysis, invasion and colony forming capacity in soft agar. The clonal origin of the newly established daughter cell lines was assessed by means of molecular genetic methods. RESULTS We could identify important differences in multiple transformation related traits among the cell lines of the BFTC-905 progression series. Both diffuse cell lines (BFTC-905-diffuse und BFTC-905-diffuse M) differed from the BFTC-905-compact cell line by growing in a less organized,"diffuse" manner, which involved colonies of cells exhibiting apparently normal cell-to-cell adhesion as well as individual cells outside of them. This diminution of the cell-to-cell adhesion was accompanied by a corresponding decrease of membranous E-Cadherin. The BFTC-905-diffuse M cell line displayed a dramatic increase in the overall chromosome number, resulting in a hypertetraploid karyotype. At the same time, this cell line, as the only one in the progression series, acquired the ability to grow independent of anchorage in soft agar. All three cell lines remained noninvasive. Allelic distribution of highly polymorphic DNA-markers in the cell lines of the BFTC-905 progression series provided unequivocal evidence of their common origin. CONCLUSION The newly established BFTC-905 progression series manifests two aspects of the early progression of non-invasive bladder carcinoma, not exhibited by any other progression series published so far, namely dynamic changes in the expression of E-Cadherin and a complex karyotypic evolution. It may thus contribute important insights into further understanding of the pathobiology of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hatina
- Forschungslabor der Urologischen Klinik, Universitätsklinikum, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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22
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Burmeister T, Schwartz S, Taubald A, Jost E, Lipp T, Schneller F, Diedrich H, Thomssen H, Mey UJ, Eucker J, Rieder H, Gokbuget N, Hoelzer D, Thiel E. Atypical BCR-ABL mRNA transcripts in adult Acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Haematologica 2007; 92:1699-702. [DOI: 10.3324/haematol.11737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Earl J, Yan L, Vitone LJ, Risk J, Kemp SJ, McFaul C, Neoptolemos JP, Greenhalf W, Kress R, Sina-Frey M, Hahn SA, Rieder H, Bartsch DK. Evaluation of the 4q32-34 locus in European familial pancreatic cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007; 15:1948-55. [PMID: 17035404 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-06-0376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Familial pancreatic cancer (FPC) describes a group of families where the inheritance of pancreatic cancer is consistent with an autosomal-dominant mode of inheritance. The 4q32-34 region has been previously identified as a potential locus for FPC in a large American family. METHODS The region was allelotyped in 231 individuals from 77 European families using nine microsatellite markers, and haplotyping was possible in 191 individuals from 41 families. Families were selected based on at least two affected first-degree relatives with no other cancer syndromes. RESULTS Linkage to most of the locus was excluded based on LOD scores less than -2.0. Eight families were excluded from linkage to 4q32-34 based on haplotypes not segregating with the disease compared with a predicted six to seven families. Two groups of families were identified, which seem to share common alleles within the minimal disease-associated region of 4q32-34, one group with an apparently earlier age of cancer death than the other pancreatic cancer families. Four genes were identified with potential tumor suppressor roles within the locus in regions that could not be excluded based on the LOD score. These were HMGB2, PPID, MORF4, and SPOCK3. DNA sequence analysis of exons of these genes in affected individuals and in pancreatic cancer cell lines did not reveal any mutations. CONCLUSION This locus is unlikely to harbor a FPC gene in the majority of our European families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Earl
- Division of Surgery and Oncology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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25
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Abstract
Zusammenfassung
Das duktale Adenokarzinom des Pankreas hat eine äußerst ungünstige Prognose, weil es meist erst in fortgeschrittenen Tumorstadien diagnostiziert wird. Das familiäre Pankreaskarzinom ist ein etabliertes Tumorprädispositionssyndrom, das bei etwa 3% der Pankreaskarzinompatienten beobachtet wird. Die Familienanamnese bei Pankreaskarzinompatienten ist ein wertvolles Instrument, um Personen mit einem erhöhten Risiko für ein Pankreaskarzinom zu identifizieren. Dies ist über die Kombination von Familienanamnese, Mutationssuche in Tumorprädispositionsgenen und die Analyse exogener Risikofaktoren möglich. Bei Hochrisikopersonen könnten invasive Methoden zur Erkennung von Frühstadien eingesetzt und somit eine kurative Pankreatektomie ermöglicht werden. In aktuell laufenden prospektiven Studien wird geprüft, ob auf der Basis klinisch-genetischer Kriterien definierte Hochrisikopatienten von einer Früherkennung des Pankreaskarzinoms profitieren.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Rieder
- Aff1 grid.14778.3d 0000000089227789 Institut für Humangenetik und Anthropologie Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Düsseldorf Deutschland
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Seifert HH, Meyer A, Cronauer MV, Hatina J, Müller M, Rieder H, Hoffmann MJ, Ackermann R, Schulz WA. A new and reliable culture system for superficial low-grade urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. World J Urol 2007; 25:297-302. [PMID: 17440731 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-007-0166-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2007] [Accepted: 03/08/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Several bladder cancer culture systems have been developed in recent years. However, reports about successful primary cultures of superficial urothelial carcinomas (UC) are sparse. Based on the specific growth requirements of UC described previously, we developed a new and reliable culture system for superficial low-grade UC. Between November 2002 and April 2006, 64 primary cultures of bladder cancer specimens were performed. After incubating the specimens overnight in 0.1% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid solution, tumour cells could easily be separated from the submucosal tissue. Subsequently, cells were seeded in a low-calcium culture medium supplemented with 1% serum, growth factors, non-essential amino acids and glycine. The malignant origin of the cultured cells was demonstrated by spectral karyotyping. Overall culture success rate leading to a homogenous tumour cell population without fibroblast contamination was 63%. Culture success could be remarkably enhanced by the addition of glycine to the culture medium. Interestingly, 86.4% of pTa tumours were cultured successfully compared to only 50% of the pT1 and 38% of advanced stage tumours, respectively. G1 and G2 tumours grew significantly better than G3 tumours (86, 73 and 41%, respectively). Up to three passages of low-grade UC primary cultures were possible. We describe a new and reliable culture system, which is highly successful for primary culture and passage of low-grade UC of the bladder. Therefore, this culture system can widely be used for functional experiments on early stage bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Helge Seifert
- Department of Urology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Gratias S, Rieder H, Ullmann R, Klein-Hitpass L, Schneider S, Bölöni R, Kappler M, Lohmann DR. Allelic Loss in a Minimal Region on Chromosome 16q24 Is Associated with Vitreous Seeding of Retinoblastoma. Cancer Res 2007; 67:408-16. [PMID: 17210724 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-06-1317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In addition to RB1 gene mutations, retinoblastomas frequently show gains of 1q and 6p and losses of 16q. To identify suppressor genes on 16q, we analyzed 22 short tandem repeat loci in 58 patients with known RB1 mutations. A subset of tumors was also investigated by conventional and matrix comparative genomic hybridization. In 40 of 58 (69%) tumors, we found no loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at any 16q marker. LOH was detected in 18 of 58 (31%) tumors, including five with allelic imbalance at some markers. In one tumor LOH was only observed at 16q24. As the parental origin of allele loss was unbiased, an imprinted locus is unlikely to be involved. Analysis of gene expression by microarray hybridization and quantitative RT real-time PCR did not identify a candidate suppressor in 16q24. Cadherin 13 (CDH13), CBFA2T3, and WFDC1, which are candidate suppressors in other tumor entities with 16q24 loss, did not show loss of expression. In addition, mutation and methylation analysis showed no somatic alteration of CDH13. Results in all tumors with chromosome 16 alterations define a single minimal deleted region of 5.7 Mb in the telomeric part of 16q24 with the centromeric boundary defined by retention of heterozygosity for a single nucleotide variant in exon 10 of CDH13 (Mb 82.7). Interestingly, clinical presentation of tumors with and without 16q alterations was distinct. Specifically, almost all retinoblastomas with 16q24 loss showed diffuse intraocular seeding. This suggests that genetic alterations in the minimal deleted region are associated with impaired cell-to-cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Gratias
- Institut für Humangenetik, Institut für Zellbiologie, and Augenklinik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, D-45122 Essen, Germany
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Haferlach C, Rieder H, Lillington DM, Dastugue N, Hagemeijer A, Harbott J, Stilgenbauer S, Knuutila S, Johansson B, Fonatsch C. Proposals for standardized protocols for cytogenetic analyses of acute leukemias, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, chronic myeloproliferative disorders, and myelodysplastic syndromes. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2007; 46:494-9. [PMID: 17311250 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.20433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of cytogenetic characterization based on chromosome banding analyses and fluorescence in situ hybridization on clinical decision making has increased dramatically during recent years. Therefore, laboratory techniques have to be optimized to provide reliable results for optimal patient care. In addition, quick and correct results save time and money by preventing unnecessary additional diagnostics and suboptimal treatment approaches. It was our aim to present proposals for standardized protocols to improve the diagnosis, and hence the treatment outcome, of hematologic malignancies.
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MESH Headings
- Acute Disease
- Chromosome Aberrations
- Cytogenetic Analysis/methods
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Humans
- Karyotyping
- Leukemia/diagnosis
- Leukemia/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes/diagnosis
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes/genetics
- Myeloproliferative Disorders/diagnosis
- Myeloproliferative Disorders/genetics
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Abstract
The NUP214-ABL1 fusion gene in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) has recently been identified as a possible target for imatinib and related tyrosine kinase inhibitors, but exact data regarding the prognostic impact and frequency of the several putative NUP214-ABL1 mRNA transcripts are still missing. We investigated 279 adult patients with T-ALL treated within the framework of the GMALL 5/93 and 6/99 therapy trials for NUP214-ABL1 by using a novel multiplex real-time, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Eleven (3.9%) patients were NUP214-ABL1 positive, and 5 different transcripts were observed; 8 patients had a thymic immunophenotype, 1 had an early T-cell immunophenotype, and 2 had a mature T-cell immunophenotype. NUP214-ABL1-positive and -negative patients did not differ significantly in their major clinical features. In contrast to previous reports suggesting an adverse clinical course for NUP214-ABL1-positive patients, no significant difference in overall survival was observed. Based on the results, we have established and tested a novel PCR method for simplified detection of the NUP214-ABL1 fusion gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Burmeister
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Medizinische Klinik III, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200 Berlin, Germany.
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Bartsch DK, Krysewski K, Sina-Frey M, Fendrich V, Rieder H, Langer P, Kress R, Schneider M, Hahn SA, Slater EP. Low Frequency of CHEK2 Mutations in Familial Pancreatic Cancer. Fam Cancer 2006; 5:305-8. [PMID: 16858628 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-006-7850-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2005] [Accepted: 03/04/2006] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Familial pancreatic cancer (FPC) is a rare tumour syndrome and its underlying major gene defect is still unknown. Recently, CHEK2 has been identified as multi-organ cancer susceptibility gene associated with a predisposition to breast, prostate and colon cancer. Since these cancers also are associated with some FPC families, we have analysed 35 index patients of German FPC families for CHEK2 mutations. The CHEK2 * 1100delC mutation was found in 1 (3%) of 35 FPC families. Given the low expected mutation rate of up to 1.4% for CHEK2 * 1100delC in the European population our data are suggestive for possible contribution of CHEK2 mutations to a small subset of FPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Detlef K Bartsch
- Department of Surgery, Städtische Kliniken Bielefeld-Mitte, Teutoburgerstrasse 50, D-33604, Bielefeld, Germany.
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31
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies of anticipation in familial pancreatic cancer have been small and subject to ascertainment bias. Our aim was to determine evidence for anticipation in a large number of European families. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 1223 individuals at risk from 106 families (264 affected individuals) were investigated. Generation G3 was defined as the latest generation that included any individual aged over 39 years; preceding generations were then defined as G2 and G1. RESULTS With 80 affected child-parent pairs, the children died a median (interquartile range) of 10 (7, 14) years earlier. The median (interquartile range) age of death from pancreatic cancer was 70 (59, 77), 64 (57, 69), and 49 (44, 56) years for G1, G2, and G3, respectively. These indications of anticipation could be the result of bias. Truncation of Kaplan-Meier analysis to a 60 year period to correct for follow up time bias and a matched test statistic indicated significant anticipation (p=0.002 and p<0.001). To minimise bias further, an iterative analysis to predict cancer numbers was developed. No single risk category could be applied that accurately predicted cancer cases in every generation. Using three risk categories (low with no pancreatic cancer in earlier generations, high with a single earlier generation, and very high where two preceding generations were affected), incidence was estimated without significant error. Anticipation was independent of smoking. CONCLUSION This study provides the first strong evidence for anticipation in familial pancreatic cancer and must be considered in genetic counselling and the commencement of secondary screening for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- C D McFaul
- Division of Surgery and Oncology, University of Liverpool L69 3GA, UK
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32
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Bartsch DK, Fendrich V, Slater EP, Sina-Frey M, Rieder H, Greenhalf W, Chaloupka B, Hahn SA, Neoptolemos JP, Kress R. RNASEL germline variants are associated with pancreatic cancer. Int J Cancer 2006; 117:718-22. [PMID: 15981205 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.21254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The RNASEL (encoding ribonuclease L) gene Glu265X mutation has been implicated in familial prostate cancer, and an association between the RNASEL Arg462Gln variant and sporadic and familial prostate cancer, has also been suggested. Because prostate cancer occurs in some familial pancreatic cancer families, we evaluated the role of the RNASEL gene variants Glu265X and Arg462Gln in the etiology of pancreatic cancer. Exon 2 of the RNASEL gene was directly sequenced in the germline of 36 familial and 75 sporadic pancreatic cancer patients and in 108 controls. The Glu265X mutation was identified in one (2.8%) familial and one (1.3%) sporadic pancreatic cancer case, but not in any of the controls. Arg462Gln variants were identified in 61 (56%) controls and in 55 (73%) sporadic pancreatic cancer cases with 8 (7%) and 12 (16%) homozygotes, respectively (p = 0.009). For homozygous carriers the increased risk for pancreatic cancer was 3.5 (odds ratio [OR] = 3.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11-11.46, p = 0.03). The population attributable fraction (PAF) was 38.7% (95% CI = 0.08-0.80). In familial pancreatic cancer no association between Arg462Gln genotypes and pancreatic cancer risk was evident. In sporadic pancreatic cancer there were no significant differences between Arg462Gln genotypes regarding clinical characteristics. In familial pancreatic cancer, however, patients with Arg462Gln variants had more aggressive tumors with more high grade cancers (OR = 15.40, p = 0.009) and more distant metastases (OR = 7.00, p = 0.04) than patients with the wild-type genotype. Our results suggest that RNASEL variants Glu265X and Arg462Gln may contribute to the tumorigenesis of sporadic and familial pancreatic cancer, which has to be proven in large scale studies.
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33
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Gleissner B, Goekbuget N, Rieder H, Arnold R, Schwartz S, Diedrich H, Schoch C, Heinze B, Fonatsch C, Bartram CR, Hoelzer D, Thiel E. CD10- pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a distinct high-risk subgroup of adult ALL associated with a high frequency of MLL aberrations: results of the German Multicenter Trials for Adult ALL (GMALL). Blood 2005; 106:4054-6. [PMID: 16123216 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2005-05-1866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunophenotyping disclosed CD10 negativity in 70 of 2408 cases of B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), although other criteria followed classification of pre-B ALL (eg, cytoplasmic immunoglobulin positivity). These blasts showed high myeloid antigen expression (60% CD65 positivity) and reacted with antibody 7.1 in 95% of the cases. MLL-AF4 fusion transcripts or an 11q23/MLL rearrangement or both were evident in 46 of 56 samples (82%). Although 83% of the patients achieved complete remission, the remission duration remained remarkably low: 141 days for MLL rearrangement-positive and 245 days for MLL rearrangement-negative CD10(-) pre-B ALL. Thus, the overall survival probability 3 years after diagnosis was 0.34 +/- 0.20 SE in MLL-rearrangement-negative versus 0.12 +/- 0.06 SE in MLL rearrangement-positive CD10- pre-B ALL. Our data identify CD10- cytoplasmic immunoglobulin-positive pre-B ALL as a rare (2.2%) but distinct immuno-subtype of adult ALL that is characterized by a high MLL rearrangement rate and a worse outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Gleissner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200 Berlin, Germany.
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34
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Grasemann C, Gratias S, Stephan H, Schüler A, Schramm A, Klein-Hitpass L, Rieder H, Schneider S, Kappes F, Eggert A, Lohmann DR. Gains and overexpression identify DEK and E2F3 as targets of chromosome 6p gains in retinoblastoma. Oncogene 2005; 24:6441-9. [PMID: 16007192 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1208792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2005] [Revised: 04/18/2005] [Accepted: 04/22/2005] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The paediatric eye tumour retinoblastoma is initiated by inactivation of RB1, a tumour suppressor on chromosome 13q. In addition to RB1 loss, many retinoblastomas show other genetic alterations including gains on chromosomes 6p21-pter and 1q31-q32. Recently, the minimal region of gains on chromosome 6 was narrowed to band p22. We examined genomic gains and expression changes in primary retinoblastomas to identify potential target genes in 6p22. Quantitative multiplex PCR detected copy numbers > or = 3 in 25 (33%) tumours and no gains in 31 of 76 (40%) tumours. The remaining 20 (26%) samples showed gains only at some loci, most often including E2F3 and DEK in 6p22.3. Analysis of RNA from 21 primary retinoblastomas showed that expression levels of these and some other genes in 6p22 correspond to DNA gains. However, KIF 13A, a reported candidate oncogene on 6p, was expressed at low levels or absent. Clinical manifestation of tumours with gains at all 6p22 loci was distinct in that distribution of age at diagnosis was markedly shifted to older age compared to tumours with no or partial gains. In summary, our results suggest that DEK and E2F3 are potential targets of 6p gains in retinoblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Grasemann
- University Children's Hospital of Essen, Universitätsklinikum Essen, D-45122 Essen, Germany
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35
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Burmeister T, Schwartz S, Horst HA, Rieder H, Gökbuget N, Hoelzer D, Thiel E. Molecular heterogeneity of sporadic adult Burkitt-type leukemia/lymphoma as revealed by PCR and cytogenetics: correlation with morphology, immunology and clinical features. Leukemia 2005; 19:1391-8. [PMID: 15973450 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2403847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Chromosomal translocations involving the MYC oncogene are a hallmark of Burkitt lymphoma but they are only found in a varying frequency in mature Burkitt-type acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). We have investigated samples of 56 sporadic Burkitt leukemia/lymphoma patients for the translocations t(8;14)(q24;q32), t(2;8)(p11;q24) and t(8;22)(q24;q11). Long PCR was used for detecting the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) translocation and cytogenetics and/or fluorescence in situ hybridization for detecting the 'variant' MYC translocations. A total of 29 samples (51.8%) were t(8;14)-positive by long PCR. Approximately one-third had a chromosomal breakpoint in the IgH joining region while the others had breakpoints in the IgH switch regions. Among them were two cases with a previously unreported MYC translocation into the IgE switch region. Long PCR was more reliable compared to conventional cytogenetics for detecting the t(8;14). Epstein-Barr virus was detected in high copy number in two (3.6%) t(8;14)-positive cases by real-time quantitative PCR. Human herpesvirus 8 was not detected in any case by nested PCR. A typical L3 or L3-compatible cytomorphology was highly predictive (>80%) but not specific of a MYC translocation. A total of 34 patients were treated according to the GMALL B-ALL therapy protocols and there was no significant difference in overall survival between patients with or without t(8;14).
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Affiliation(s)
- T Burmeister
- Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Medizinische Klinik III, Berlin, Germany.
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36
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Abstract
The average annual risk of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a calculated average from an observed prevalence of infection, approximating the incidence of infection. It has the potential to be informative about the extent of transmission in a community. Where serial surveys are available, secular trends in transmission might be ascertained. The prerequisite for calculating the average annual risk is the successful determination of the prevalence of infection. Difficulties arising with tuberculin skin-test surveys include logistical problems in sampling a representative portion of the population. Therefore, a compromise assesses the prevalence of infection among school children as an indicator of transmission in the community at large. The utilisation of tuberculin surveys is further compounded by the unpredictable specificity of the tuberculin skin test and, thus, the predictive value of a positive test result. Statistical approaches using mixture analysis may overcome this problem to some extent, but the experience is limited. Cytokine-derived assays, such as the interferon-gamma release assays, are promising in providing higher specificity, but they require venepuncture.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rieder
- Tuberculosis Division, International Union Against Tuberculosis amd Lung Disease, Paris, France.
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37
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Gratias S, Schüler A, Hitpass LK, Stephan H, Rieder H, Schneider S, Horsthemke B, Lohmann DR. Genomic gains on chromosome 1q in retinoblastoma: Consequences on gene expression and association with clinical manifestation. Int J Cancer 2005; 116:555-63. [PMID: 15825178 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.21051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Many retinoblastomas (Rbs) show genomic alterations in addition to mutational loss of both normal RB1 alleles. The most frequent of these changes are gains on chromosomes 1q and 6p and losses on 16q. To identify the genes targeted by gains on chromosome 1q, we used quantitative-multiplex PCR to determine DNA copy number changes in 76 primary tumors and 6 Rb cell lines. In addition, in 21 of these tumors, gene expression was analyzed by cDNA microarray hybridization. Increased copy numbers of loci on chromosome 1q were present in 34 (45%) primary tumors and in all 6 cell lines. Two regions of gain emerged, one in 1q32 and another in 1q21. Tumors with 1q gains showed higher RNA expression of several genes in these 2 regions. The clinical manifestation of tumors with and without gains was similar with regard to many aspects, including size, necrosis and calcification. However, the distribution of age at diagnosis was remarkably distinct, with earlier diagnosis in tumors without gains. This suggests that these tumors either are initiated earlier or grow faster than tumors with gains. This association with clinical manifestation indicates that gains on 1q are significant for the biology of Rb. The genes on 1q with copy number gains and overexpression are candidates that need to be tested for their individual contribution to the progression of Rb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Gratias
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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38
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Abstract
For statistical analyses in cancer cytogenetics, the genomic changes encoded by the karyotype must be translated into numerical codes. We developed a program, which extracts chromosomal gains and losses as well as breakpoints from the karyotype. The changes are compiled in tables according to the chromosome bands involved and/or depicted in projection to the respective chromosome ideogram. The data are ready to be integrated into further statistical analyses. The program may be run as desktop or Internet application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Hiller
- Institut für Klinische Genetik der Phillipps-Universität Marburg, Bahnhofstrasse 7, 35037 Marburg, Germany
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39
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Grützmann R, McFaul C, Bartsch DK, Sina-Frey M, Rieder H, Koch R, McCarthy E, Greenhalf W, Neoptolemos JP, Saeger HD, Pilarsky C. No evidence for germline mutations of the LKB1/STK11 gene in familial pancreatic carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2004; 214:63-8. [PMID: 15331174 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2004.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2004] [Revised: 05/25/2004] [Accepted: 06/01/2004] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Familial pancreatic cancer (FPC) (approximately 3% of all cases) has not been linked to defects in any specific gene. Germline inactivation of the gene LKB1/STK11 have been shown to cause Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) associated with a approximately 100-fold higher risk for the development of pancreatic cancer. We have analysed 39 index patients from European FPC families for mutations of LKB1/STK11 by sequencing of their DNA. No germline mutation was found within the complete coding region. Therefore, our results indicate that LKB1/STK11 is not altered in the germline of patients with hereditary pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Grützmann
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University of Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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40
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Bartsch DK, Kress R, Sina-Frey M, Grützmann R, Gerdes B, Pilarsky C, Heise JW, Schulte KM, Colombo-Benkmann M, Schleicher C, Witzigmann H, Pridöhl O, Ghadimi MB, Horstmann O, von Bernstorff W, Jochimsen L, Schmidt J, Eisold S, Estévéz-Schwarz L, Hahn SA, Schulmann K, Böck W, Gress TM, Zügel N, Breitschaft K, Prenzel K, Messmann H, Endlicher E, Schneider M, Ziegler A, Schmiegel W, Schäfer H, Rothmund M, Rieder H. Prevalence of familial pancreatic cancer in Germany. Int J Cancer 2004; 110:902-6. [PMID: 15170674 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.20210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Based on several case-control studies, it has been estimated that familial aggregation and genetic susceptibility play a role in up to 10% of patients with pancreatic cancer, although conclusive epidemiologic data are still lacking. Therefore, we evaluated the prevalence of familial pancreatic cancer and differences to its sporadic form in a prospective multicenter trial. A total of 479 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed, histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the pancreas were prospectively evaluated regarding medical and family history, treatment and pathology of the tumour. A family history for pancreatic cancer was confirmed whenever possible by reviewing the tumour specimens and medical reports. Statistical analysis was performed by calculating odds ratios, regression analysis with a logit-model and the Kaplan-Meier method. Twenty-three of 479 (prevalence 4.8%, 95% CI 3.1-7.1) patients reported at least 1 first-degree relative with pancreatic cancer. The familial aggregation could be confirmed by histology in 5 of 23 patients (1.1%, 95% CI 0.3-2.4), by medical records in 9 of 23 patients (1.9%, 95% CI 0.9-3.5) and by standardized interviews of first-degree relatives in 17 of 23 patients (3.5%, 95% CI 2.1-5.6), respectively. There were no statistical significant differences between familial and sporadic pancreatic cancer cases regarding sex ratio, age of onset, presence of diabetes mellitus and pancreatitis, tumour histology and stage, prognosis after palliative or curative treatment as well as associated tumours in index patients and families, respectively. The prevalence of familial pancreatic cancer in Germany is at most 3.5% (range 1.1-3.5%) depending on the mode of confirmation of the pancreatic carcinoma in relatives. This prevalence is lower than so far postulated in the literature. There were no significant clinical differences between the familial and sporadic form of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Detlef K Bartsch
- National Case Collection of Familial Pancreatic Cancer, Department of Surgery, Philipps-University Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany.
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41
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Nej K, Bartsch DK, Sina-Frey M, Rieder H, Hahn SA, Lubiński J. The NOD2 3020insC Mutation and The Risk of Familial Pancreatic Cancer? Hered Cancer Clin Pract 2004; 2:149-150. [PMID: 20233470 PMCID: PMC3835413 DOI: 10.1186/1897-4287-2-3-149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2004] [Accepted: 07/19/2004] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Nej
- Inter-University Unit of Molecular Biology, University of Szczecin and Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | | | - Harald Rieder
- Institute of Clinical Genetics, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Stephan A Hahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Langendreer, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jan Lubiński
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Szczecin, Poland
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42
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Hehlmann R, Berger U, Aul C, Büchner T, Döhner H, Ehninger G, Ganser A, Gökbuget N, Hoelzer D, Uberla K, Gassmann W, Ludwig WD, Rieder H, Kneba M, Hochhaus A, Reiter A, Hiddemann W, Ottmann OG, Germing U, Adelhard K, Dugas M, Dirschedl P, Messerer D, Böhme A, Harrison-Neu E, Griesshammer M, Kienast J, Kolb HJ, Ho AD, Hallek M, Neubauer A, Schlegelberger B, Niederwieser D, Heil G, Müller T, Hasford J. The German competence network ‘Acute and chronic leukemias’. Leukemia 2004; 18:665-9. [PMID: 15044925 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2403317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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43
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Hülskamp G, Wieczorek D, Rieder H, Louwen F, Hörnig-Franz I, Rickert CH, Horst J, Harms E, Rehder H. Raine syndrome: report of a family with three affected sibs and further delineation of the syndrome. Clin Dysmorphol 2004; 12:153-60. [PMID: 14564151 DOI: 10.1097/01.mcd.0000080413.95344.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We describe three affected sibs with Raine syndrome born to a consanguineous Turkish couple. Clinical findings and post-mortem assessment are presented. We have added previously unreported meso and severe telebrachyphalangy and urogenital anomalies to the clinical spectrum. Appositional new bone formation may be mistaken for fractures and callus formation--both prenatally by ultrasound and postnatally in radiographs. Further research is required to detect the underlying metabolic and molecular defects of this autosomal recessive syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Hülskamp
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinderheilkunde--Allgemeine Kinderheilkunde, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany.
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44
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Wassmann B, Pfeifer H, Scheuring UJ, Binckebanck A, Gökbuget N, Atta J, Brück P, Rieder H, Schoch C, Leimer L, Schwerdtfeger R, Ehninger G, Lipp T, Perz J, Stelljes M, Gschaidmeier H, Hoelzer D, Ottmann OG. Early prediction of response in patients with relapsed or refractory Philadelphia chromosome–positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ALL) treated with imatinib. Blood 2004; 103:1495-8. [PMID: 14576058 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2003-01-0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Imatinib has pronounced but brief antileukemic activity in advanced Philadelphia chromosome–positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ALL). We assessed the prognostic impact of pretreatment disease features and the early bone marrow (BM) response in 68 consecutive patients with Ph+ALL receiving imatinib salvage therapy. A complete hematologic or marrow response was achieved by 92% of patients with BM blasts below 5% on day 14, whereas 62.5% of patients with more than 5% BM blasts on day 14 were nonresponders. Similarly, time to progression (TTP) was superior in patients with a good day 14 response (5.2 versus 0.9 months; P < .0001). Prior complete remission of less than 6 months, white blood cell count of more than 10 × 109/L, circulating peripheral blood blasts at diagnosis, additional Philadelphia chromosomes, or at least 2 Bcr-Abl fusion signals were associated with significantly inferior remission rate and response duration. In patients without poor prognostic features, single-agent imatinib may be appropriate before transplant salvage therapy. Conversely, patients with clinically or cytogenetically defined poor-risk features are candidates for trials of upfront imatinib in combination with other agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Wassmann
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany
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45
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Rieder H, Bachmann I, Busch S, Schwartz S, Reckzeh B, Hoelzer D. Cell lineage assignment of cytogenetic findings in acute lymphoblastic leukemia using combined immunomagnetic cell separation and chromosome preparation. Haematologica 2003; 88:1317-20. [PMID: 14607762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) abnormal karyotypes frequently constitute a minor part of the dividing cells, and the origin of metaphases in normal diploid cases remains obscure. We used a combination of immunomagnetic cell separation and chromosome preparation (ICSCP) to focus on the metaphases of interest and to assign the chromosome findings to CD19+ or CD7+ leukemia cells.
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46
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Schwartz S, Rieder H, Schläger B, Burmeister T, Fischer L, Thiel E. Expression of the human homologue of rat NG2 in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia: close association with MLL rearrangement and a CD10(-)/CD24(-)/CD65s(+)/CD15(+) B-cell phenotype. Leukemia 2003; 17:1589-95. [PMID: 12886247 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2402989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The expression of the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan neuron-glial antigen 2 (NG2) has been demonstrated in association with rearrangement of the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene in acute leukemia, but the frequency of NG2 expression in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is yet unknown. We evaluated NG2 expression in 313 adult ALL patients by flow cytometry and simultaneously determined MLL rearrangement in 120 adult patients out of them with B-precursor ALL by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and fluorescence in situ hybridization. A total of 57% of pro-B ALL, 2% of common ALL and 20% of pre-B ALL were NG2 positive, but NG2 was absent in T-ALL and mature B-ALL. In B-precursor ALL, NG2 expression was significantly associated with a CD10(-)/CD34(-)/CD24(-)/CD65s(+)/CD15(+)/CD13(-)/CD33(-) phenotype and showed a sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of 0.89, 0.89, and 0.93 for MLL rearrangement, respectively. NG2 was positive in three patients without detectable MLL rearrangement and negative in eight patients with MLL-AF4 transcripts. However, NG2 predicted with a 100% accuracy MLL rearrangement among patients disclosing a CD65s(+) and/or CD15(+) immunophenotype. In summary, NG2 adds to a more precise identification of high-risk adult ALL and should therefore be included into diagnostic marker panels. As NG2 is negative in non-malignant hematopoietic cells, this novel antigen might also serve in future studies as a powerful marker in monitoring minimal residual disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schwartz
- Medizinische Klinik III, Hämatologie, Onkologie und Transfusionsmedizin, Klinikum Benjamin Franklin, Freie Universität, Berlin, Germany
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47
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Hahn SA, Greenhalf B, Ellis I, Sina-Frey M, Rieder H, Korte B, Gerdes B, Kress R, Ziegler A, Raeburn JA, Campra D, Grützmann R, Rehder H, Rothmund M, Schmiegel W, Neoptolemos JP, Bartsch DK. BRCA2 germline mutations in familial pancreatic carcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst 2003; 95:214-21. [PMID: 12569143 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/95.3.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although as many as 10% of pancreatic cancer cases may have an inherited component, familial pancreatic cancer has not been linked to defects in any specific gene. Some studies have shown that families with germline mutations in the breast cancer susceptibility gene BRCA2 have an increased risk of breast and ovarian cancers, as well as a modestly increased risk of pancreatic cancer. To study these relationships in more detail, we examined whether BRCA2 germline mutations are associated with familial pancreatic cancer. METHODS We identified 26 European families in which at least two first-degree relatives had a histologically confirmed diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. We sequenced genomic DNA isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from participating family members to identify germline mutations in BRCA2. RESULTS Three (12%, exact 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2% to 30%) families carried germline frameshift mutations in the BRCA2 gene that are predicted to result in a truncated BRCA2 protein. Two additional families harbored mutations previously designated as unclassified variants of BRCA2. Thus, 19% (exact 95% CI = 7% to 39%) of the families in our study had either a frameshift mutation or an unclassified variant of BRCA2. None of the families in our study met the criteria for familial breast or ovarian cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our data support an important role for BRCA2 germline mutations in a subpopulation of families with familial pancreatic cancer. BRCA2 mutation analysis should be included in molecular genetic testing and counseling strategies in families with at least two first-degree relatives affected with ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan A Hahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Knappschaftskrankenhaus University of Bochum, Germany
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Dugas M, Messerer D, Hasford J, Haferlach T, Heinze B, Ludwig W, Rieder H, Schoch R, Schwartz S, Thiel E. German multicenter study group for adult ALL (GMALL): recruitment in comparison to ALL incidence and its impact on study results. Ann Hematol 2003; 82:83-7. [PMID: 12601485 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-002-0585-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2002] [Accepted: 10/25/2002] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Due to eligibility criteria not all patients with the disease under investigation can be recruited for therapeutic studies. Thus, the external validity of study results cannot per se be taken for granted. The representativity of the admitted patients is the most relevant determinant for external validity and has to be assessed. As an example we examined the representativity of the patients recruited for the German multicenter study group for adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (GMALL). Lacking nationwide ALL incidence figures available in Germany, a methodology was developed to estimate incidence figures, too. All relevant study groups, hospitals, and diagnostic labs were asked to provide data about patients with ALL newly diagnosed between 1997 and 1998. A matching procedure was developed, as heterogeneous databases had to be pooled and checked for duplicates. Age- and sex-specific incidences of ALL were estimated and compared with the number of patients recruited for the GMALL in the same time period. The purpose was to develop a methodology for estimating incidence figures and evaluating the representativity of patients of the GMALL. The combination of various data sources allowed estimation of reliable incidence data for ALL in Germany. Comparisons with the incidence figures for ALL in other countries and crosschecks within Germany confirm our results. Sixty-two percent of all ALL patients in Germany were admitted to the GMALL study. The recruitment rate of more than 60% of the annual incidence of ALL to the GMALL suggests a high external validity as well as an impact of the study on the patterns of treatment and referral of ALL in adults in Germany. There is no selection bias of patients admitted to the GMALL compared to those patients not included in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dugas
- Institut für Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie, Universität München, Marchioninistr. 15, Germany.
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Bradtke J, Balz H, Fonatsch C, Heinze B, Jauch A, Mohr B, Schoch C, Rieder H. Computer aided analysis of additional chromosome aberrations in Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia using a simplified computer readable cytogenetic notation. BMC Bioinformatics 2003; 4:4. [PMID: 12549981 PMCID: PMC149348 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-4-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2002] [Accepted: 01/28/2003] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The analysis of complex cytogenetic databases of distinct leukaemia entities may help to detect rare recurring chromosome aberrations, minimal common regions of gains and losses, and also hot spots of genomic rearrangements. The patterns of the karyotype alterations may provide insights into the genetic pathways of disease progression. RESULTS We developed a simplified computer readable cytogenetic notation (SCCN) by which chromosome findings are normalised at a resolution of 400 bands. Lost or gained chromosomes or chromosome segments are specified in detail, and ranges of chromosome breakpoint assignments are recorded. Software modules were written to summarise the recorded chromosome changes with regard to the respective chromosome involvement. To assess the degree of karyotype alterations the ploidy levels and numbers of numerical and structural changes were recorded separately, and summarised in a complex karyotype aberration score (CKAS). The SCCN and CKAS were used to analyse the extend and the spectrum of additional chromosome aberrations in 94 patients with Philadelphia chromosome positive (Ph-positive) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and secondary chromosome anomalies. Dosage changes of chromosomal material represented 92.1% of all additional events. Recurring regions of chromosome losses were identified. Structural rearrangements affecting (peri)centromeric chromosome regions were recorded in 24.6% of the cases. CONCLUSIONS SCCN and CKAS provide unifying elements between karyotypes and computer processable data formats. They proved to be useful in the investigation of additional chromosome aberrations in Ph-positive ALL, and may represent a step towards full automation of the analysis of large and complex karyotype databases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jutta Bradtke
- Institute of Clinical Genetics, Philipps-University, Bahnhofstraβe 7, Marburg, 35037, Germany
| | - Harald Balz
- Institute of Clinical Genetics, Philipps-University, Bahnhofstraβe 7, Marburg, 35037, Germany
| | - Christa Fonatsch
- Institute for Medical Biology, University of Vienna, Währinger Straβe 10, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Barbara Heinze
- Clinic of Haematology and Oncology, University Hospital, Parkstr.11, Ulm, 89073, Germany
| | - Anna Jauch
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Brigitte Mohr
- Clinic of Haematology and Oncology, University Hospital, Fetscherstraβe 74, Dresden, 07307, Germany
| | - Claudia Schoch
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Munich, Marchionistraβe 15, Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - Harald Rieder
- Institute of Clinical Genetics, Philipps-University, Bahnhofstraβe 7, Marburg, 35037, Germany
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