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Cao Y, Zheng H, Zhu Z, Yao L, Tian W, Cao L. Clinical and Genetic Spectrum in a Large Cohort of Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia. Mov Disord 2024; 39:651-662. [PMID: 38291924 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Next-generation sequencing-based molecular assessment has benefited the diagnosis of hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) subtypes. However, the clinical and genetic spectrum of HSP due to large fragment deletions/duplications has yet to be fully defined. OBJECTIVE We aim to better characterize the clinical phenotypes and genetic features of HSP and to provide new thoughts on diagnosis. METHODS Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed in patients with clinically suspected HSP, followed by multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) sequentially carried out for those with negative findings in known causative genes. Genotype-phenotype correlation analyses were conducted under specific genotypes. RESULTS We made a genetic diagnosis in 60% (162/270) of patients, of whom 48.9% (132/270) had 24 various subtypes due to point mutations (SPG4/SPG11/SPG35/SPG7/SPG10/SPG5/SPG3A/SPG2/SPG76/SPG30/SPG6/SPG9A/SPG12/SPG15/SPG17/SPG18/SPG26/SPG49/SPG55/SPG56/SPG57/SPG62/SPG78/SPG80). Thirty patients were found to have causative rearrangements by MLPA (11.1%), among which SPG4 was the most prevalent (73.3%), followed by SPG3A (16.7%), SPG6 (3.3%), SPG7 (3.3%), and SPG11 (3.3%). Clinical analysis showed that some symptoms were often related to specific subtypes, and rearrangement-related SPG3A patients seemingly had later onset. We observed a presumptive anticipation among SPG4 and SPG3A families due to rearrangement. CONCLUSIONS Based on the largest known Asian HSP cohort, including the largest subgroup of rearrangement-related pedigrees, we gain a comprehensive understanding of the clinical and genetic spectrum of HSP. We propose a diagnostic flowchart to sequentially detect the causative genes in practice. Large fragment mutations account for a considerable proportion of HSP, and thus, MLPA screening acts as a beneficial supplement to routine WES. © 2024 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Cao
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Neurological Rare Disease Biobank and Precision Diagnostic Technical Service Platform, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoran Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Zeyu Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Yao
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Suzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital of Anhui Province, Suzhou, China
| | - Wotu Tian
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Neurological Rare Disease Biobank and Precision Diagnostic Technical Service Platform, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Cao
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Neurological Rare Disease Biobank and Precision Diagnostic Technical Service Platform, Shanghai, China
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Janczyk M, Miller J. Generalisation of unpredictable action-effect features: Large individual differences with little on-average effect. Q J Exp Psychol (Hove) 2024; 77:898-908. [PMID: 37318231 PMCID: PMC10960317 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231184996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ideomotor theory suggests that selecting a response is achieved by anticipating the consequences of that response. Evidence for this is the response-effect compatibility (REC) effect, that is, responding tends to be faster when the (anticipated) predictable consequences of a response (the action effects) are compatible rather than incompatible with the response. The present experiments investigated the extent to which the consequences must be exactly versus categorically predictable. According to the latter, an abstraction from particular instances to the categories of dimensional overlap might take place. For participants in one group of Experiment 1, left-hand and right-hand responses produced compatible or incompatible action effects in perfectly predictable positions to the left or right of fixation, and a standard REC effect was observed. For participants in another group of Experiment 1, as well as in Experiments 2 and 3, the responses also produced action effects to the left or right of fixation, but the eccentricity of the action effects (and thus their precise location) was unpredictable. On average, the data from the latter groups suggest that there is little, if any, tendency for participants to abstract the critical left/right features from spatially somewhat unpredictable action effects and use them for action selection, although there were large individual differences in these groups. Thus, at least on average across participants, it appears that the spatial locations of action effects must be perfectly predictable for these effects to have a strong influence on the response time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Janczyk
- Department of Psychology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Jeff Miller
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Mechtenberg H, Giorio C, Myers EB. Pupil Dilation Reflects Perceptual Priorities During a Receptive Speech Task. Ear Hear 2024; 45:425-440. [PMID: 37882091 PMCID: PMC10868674 DOI: 10.1097/aud.0000000000001438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The listening demand incurred by speech perception fluctuates in normal conversation. At the acoustic-phonetic level, natural variation in pronunciation acts as speedbumps to accurate lexical selection. Any given utterance may be more or less phonetically ambiguous-a problem that must be resolved by the listener to choose the correct word. This becomes especially apparent when considering two common speech registers-clear and casual-that have characteristically different levels of phonetic ambiguity. Clear speech prioritizes intelligibility through hyperarticulation which results in less ambiguity at the phonetic level, while casual speech tends to have a more collapsed acoustic space. We hypothesized that listeners would invest greater cognitive resources while listening to casual speech to resolve the increased amount of phonetic ambiguity, as compared with clear speech. To this end, we used pupillometry as an online measure of listening effort during perception of clear and casual continuous speech in two background conditions: quiet and noise. DESIGN Forty-eight participants performed a probe detection task while listening to spoken, nonsensical sentences (masked and unmasked) while recording pupil size. Pupil size was modeled using growth curve analysis to capture the dynamics of the pupil response as the sentence unfolded. RESULTS Pupil size during listening was sensitive to the presence of noise and speech register (clear/casual). Unsurprisingly, listeners had overall larger pupil dilations during speech perception in noise, replicating earlier work. The pupil dilation pattern for clear and casual sentences was considerably more complex. Pupil dilation during clear speech trials was slightly larger than for casual speech, across quiet and noisy backgrounds. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that listener motivation could explain the larger pupil dilations to clearly spoken speech. We propose that, bounded by the context of this task, listeners devoted more resources to perceiving the speech signal with the greatest acoustic/phonetic fidelity. Further, we unexpectedly found systematic differences in pupil dilation preceding the onset of the spoken sentences. Together, these data demonstrate that the pupillary system is not merely reactive but also adaptive-sensitive to both task structure and listener motivation to maximize accurate perception in a limited resource system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Mechtenberg
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Cristal Giorio
- Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Emily B. Myers
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
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Rasmussen EB, Johannessen LEF, Rees G. Diagnosing by anticipation: Coordinating patient trajectories within and across social systems. Sociol Health Illn 2024; 46:152-170. [PMID: 36647286 DOI: 10.1111/1467-9566.13610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Anticipation is a fundamental aspect of social life and, following Weber, the hallmark of social action-it means trying to take others' responses to our actions into account when acting. In this article, we propose and argue the relevance of anticipation to the sociological study of diagnosis. To that end, we introduce and elaborate on the concept of diagnosing by anticipation. To diagnose by anticipation is to consider diagnoses as cultural objects imbued with meaning, to anticipate how others will respond to their meaning in situ and to adapt the choice of diagnosis to secure a desired outcome. Unlike prognosis, which seeks to predict the development of a disease, diagnosing by anticipation entails seeking to predict the development of a case and the effect of different diagnostic categories on its trajectory. Analytically, diagnosing by anticipation therefore involves a shift in diagnostic footing, from trying to identify what the case is a case of, to trying to identify which diagnosis will yield the desired case trajectory. This shift also implies a stronger focus on the mundane organisational work of operating diagnostic systems and coordinating case trajectories within and across social systems, to the benefit of the sociology of diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Børve Rasmussen
- Department of Social Work, Child Welfare and Social Policy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars E F Johannessen
- Department of Social Work, Child Welfare and Social Policy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gethin Rees
- School of Geography, Politics and Sociology, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Conde-Ripoll R, Muñoz D, Escudero-Tena A, Courel-Ibáñez J. Sequential Mapping of Game Patterns in Men and Women Professional Padel Players. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38412850 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2023-0484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study analyzed the sequences of actions in professional men and women padel players to identify common game patterns. METHODS The sample comprised 17,557 stroke-by-stroke actions (N = 1640 rallies) of the championship World Padel Tour. Multistep Markov chains were used to calculate the conditional probabilities of occurrence of actions during the rally. RESULTS Results revealed that men's and women's padel is mainly defined by 36 patterns constituting 55% and 63% of all actions in the game, respectively, with the 10 most common sequences accounting for 42% to 45% of the game. There were recurrent technical-tactical actions with specific offensive and defensive functions that were constantly reiterated during the rallies. In men, the use of smash, volley, bandeja, direct, back wall, back-wall lobs, and direct lobs followed a foreseeable pattern up to 8 lags, whereas women described predictable interactions for volley, bandeja, direct, lobs, and direct lobs up to 5 lags and for smash and back wall up to 4 lags. CONCLUSIONS The ability of padel players to recall these patterns and enhance their anticipation skills may potentially improve their performance. These findings contribute to a better knowledge of professional padel game dynamics while providing coaches and players with useful information to optimize training and decision-making strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diego Muñoz
- Sport Sciences Faculty, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
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Galka JM. Bohemia at the Pacific seabed: Archiving the future of deep-sea mining with the Interoceanmetal Joint Organization. Soc Stud Sci 2024:3063127231226423. [PMID: 38279692 DOI: 10.1177/03063127231226423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
This article uses historical and ethnographic methods to examine the primarily East-Central European Interoceanmetal Joint Organization (IOM). I ask how and why the IOM has survived as an institution since its inception in 1987, working especially with the personal archive of Vratislav Kubišta. Kubišta was a metallurgist and former Deputy Director General at IOM who after retirement sought to develop a local deep-sea mining museum. This is a story about the work that archives do, but even more about how institutions maintain archives. I draw on recent work in the history and anthropology of time and archival practice to situate IOM's history and Kubišta's collection in narratives of ruin, the unbuilt, and the experience of multiple temporalities within spaces of resource speculation and anticipation. I suggest that IOM's history highlights the contingencies of resources in the temporality of indefinite pause, their attendant data, and scientific labor and life under the shifting political, economic, and scientific circumstances of the ongoing not-yet. In broadening the history of what is once more a hotly contested potential resource, this account speaks to the claims of contemporary would-be seabed miners, who frequently frame the practice in terms of innovation, urgency, and novelty.
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Wallenius J, Kafantari E, Jhaveri E, Gorcenco S, Ameur A, Karremo C, Dobloug S, Karrman K, de Koning T, Ilinca A, Landqvist Waldö M, Arvidsson A, Persson S, Englund E, Ehrencrona H, Puschmann A. Exonic trinucleotide repeat expansions in ZFHX3 cause spinocerebellar ataxia type 4: A poly-glycine disease. Am J Hum Genet 2024; 111:82-95. [PMID: 38035881 PMCID: PMC10806739 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal-dominant ataxia with sensory and autonomic neuropathy is a highly specific combined phenotype that we described in two Swedish kindreds in 2014; its genetic cause had remained unknown. Here, we report the discovery of exonic GGC trinucleotide repeat expansions, encoding poly-glycine, in zinc finger homeobox 3 (ZFHX3) in these families. The expansions were identified in whole-genome datasets within genomic segments that all affected family members shared. Non-expanded alleles carried one or more interruptions within the repeat. We also found ZFHX3 repeat expansions in three additional families, all from the region of Skåne in southern Sweden. Individuals with expanded repeats developed balance and gait disturbances at 15 to 60 years of age and had sensory neuropathy and slow saccades. Anticipation was observed in all families and correlated with different repeat lengths determined through long-read sequencing in two family members. The most severely affected individuals had marked autonomic dysfunction, with severe orthostatism as the most disabling clinical feature. Neuropathology revealed p62-positive intracytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusions in neurons of the central and enteric nervous system, as well as alpha-synuclein positivity. ZFHX3 is located within the 16q22 locus, to which spinocerebellar ataxia type 4 (SCA4) repeatedly had been mapped; the clinical phenotype in our families corresponded well with the unique phenotype described in SCA4, and the original SCA4 kindred originated from Sweden. ZFHX3 has known functions in neuronal development and differentiation n both the central and peripheral nervous system. Our findings demonstrate that SCA4 is caused by repeat expansions in ZFHX3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Wallenius
- Neurology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, 222 42 Lund, Sweden
| | - Efthymia Kafantari
- Neurology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, 222 42 Lund, Sweden
| | - Emma Jhaveri
- Neurology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, 222 42 Lund, Sweden
| | - Sorina Gorcenco
- Neurology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, 222 42 Lund, Sweden
| | - Adam Ameur
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christin Karremo
- Neurology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, 222 42 Lund, Sweden
| | - Sigurd Dobloug
- Neurology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, 222 42 Lund, Sweden; Department of Neurology, Helsingborg General Hospital, 252 23 Helsingborg, Sweden
| | - Kristina Karrman
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 222 42 Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Genetics, Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Office for Medical Services, Region Skåne, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Tom de Koning
- Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Andreea Ilinca
- Neurology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, 222 42 Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Landqvist Waldö
- Division of Clinical Sciences Helsingborg, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Andreas Arvidsson
- Neurology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, 222 42 Lund, Sweden
| | - Staffan Persson
- Neurology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, 222 42 Lund, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Englund
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Office for Medical Services, Region Skåne, 221 85 Lund, Sweden; Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, 222 42 Lund, Sweden
| | - Hans Ehrencrona
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 222 42 Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Genetics, Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Office for Medical Services, Region Skåne, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Andreas Puschmann
- Neurology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, 222 42 Lund, Sweden; SciLifeLab National Research Infrastructure, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.
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Boggio A. Anticipation in the biosciences and the human right to science. J Law Biosci 2024; 11:lsae002. [PMID: 38380388 PMCID: PMC10877312 DOI: 10.1093/jlb/lsae002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Anticipation entails contemplating the beneficial and harmful impacts of scientific and technological progress. Anticipation has a long history in science, technology, and innovation policy partly due to future impacts of scientific progress being inescapable. The link between anticipation, an undertheorized concept, and human rights law is yet to be fully explored. This paper links anticipation to the rights to science, a lesser-studied human right codified in the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights. The paper argues that the normative content of the right includes anticipation entitlements and duties. Combining the entitlements and duties with anticipation typologies leads to identifying three forms of anticipation that governments (and, in some cases, scientists) must carry out: beneficial, responsible, and participatory anticipation. The paper concludes by identifying three ways in which further conceptual work can enrich human-rights-based anticipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Boggio
- Department of Politics, Law and Society, Bryant University, 1150 Douglas Pike, Smithfield, RI 02917, United States
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Renouf T, Lapoussin S, Peyronnin B, Toullier C, Hansotte C, Raynal PA. [Patient restraint in the emergency department: a daily challenge]. Soins 2024; 69:37-40. [PMID: 38296419 DOI: 10.1016/j.soin.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
The context of the emergency department particularly exposes professionals to situations where the question of restraint arises. This article describes the indications and modalities of physical restraint. Physical restraint should be considered as a last resort, and requires systematic ethical questioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Renouf
- Service d'accueil des urgences, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, 184 rue du Faubourg-Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Sandra Lapoussin
- Service d'accueil des urgences, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, 184 rue du Faubourg-Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Baptiste Peyronnin
- Service d'accueil des urgences, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, 184 rue du Faubourg-Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Cendrine Toullier
- Service d'accueil des urgences, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, 184 rue du Faubourg-Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Caroline Hansotte
- Service d'accueil des urgences, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, 184 rue du Faubourg-Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Alexis Raynal
- Service d'accueil des urgences, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, 184 rue du Faubourg-Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France.
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Aljonaieh K. Awake tracheal extubation, can be anticipated? case reports. Saudi J Anaesth 2024; 18:117-119. [PMID: 38313704 PMCID: PMC10833039 DOI: 10.4103/sja.sja_473_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Perioperative airway management is a crucial task for anesthesiologists. Several perioperatively techniques make it difficult to predict the appropriate time for tracheal extubation. The aim of this article is to report the successful anticipation of an appropriate time for awake tracheal extubation. Three cases were observed related to smooth recovery without airway complication following intentionally removing airway devices after specific time. These reports demonstrate the relationship between awake status and return of spontaneous breathing which may demonstrate a good recovery of different sites of central nervous system from anesthesia effects. Theoretically, the appropriate time for awake tracheal extubation can be anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Aljonaieh
- Department of Anaesthesiology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Wiernik PH, Dutcher JP. Families with non-Hodgkin lymphoma and plasma cell dyscrasias in their pedigrees. J Investig Med 2024; 72:26-31. [PMID: 37864488 DOI: 10.1177/10815589231210516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Although reports of familial clustering of hematologic malignancies have appeared for decades, the cause(s) of this uncommon occurrence is still not completely understood. Most modern investigations, however, support a genetic rather than an environmental exposure as a cause of this observation. Most pedigrees of families with familial hematologic malignancies demonstrate age of onset anticipation, with the disease diagnosed at an earlier age in successive generations. The cause of this phenomenon is clear in some familial neurologic disorders (trinucleotide repeat expansion) but not at all clear in familial hematologic malignancies. In preparation for molecular studies of familial clustering of hematologic malignancies, we have collected pedigrees on 738 families and have previously demonstrated anticipation in those with familial plasma cell myeloma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin lymphoma or non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Here we present data on 36 families with both plasma cell myeloma and NHL in their pedigrees and demonstrate strong evidence for anticipation in these families. We encourage all health care personnel to ask patients multiple times about family medical history and carefully take note of family histories from individuals with uncommon illnesses and to refer families with clustering of such illnesses for further investigation.
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Zamprogno G, Dietz E, Heimisch L, Russwinkel N. A hybrid computational approach to anticipate individuals in sequential problem solving. Front Artif Intell 2023; 6:1223251. [PMID: 38188590 PMCID: PMC10766757 DOI: 10.3389/frai.2023.1223251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Human-awareness is an ever more important requirement for AI systems that are designed to assist humans with daily physical interactions and problem solving. This is especially true for patients that need support to stay as independent as possible. To be human-aware, an AI should be able to anticipate the intentions of the individual humans it interacts with, in order to understand the difficulties and limitations they are facing and to adapt accordingly. While data-driven AI approaches have recently gained a lot of attention, more research is needed on assistive AI systems that can develop models of their partners' goals to offer proactive support without needing a lot of training trials for new problems. We propose an integrated AI system that can anticipate actions of individual humans to contribute to the foundations of trustworthy human-robot interaction. We test this in Tangram, which is an exemplary sequential problem solving task that requires dynamic decision making. In this task the sequences of steps to the goal might be variable and not known by the system. These are aspects that are also recognized as real world challenges for robotic systems. A hybrid approach based on the cognitive architecture ACT-R is presented that is not purely data-driven but includes cognitive principles, meaning heuristics that guide human decisions. Core of this Cognitive Tangram Solver (CTS) framework is an ACT-R cognitive model that simulates human problem solving behavior in action, recognizes possible dead ends and identifies ways forward. Based on this model, the CTS anticipates and adapts its predictions about the next action to take in any given situation. We executed an empirical study and collected data from 40 participants. The predictions made by CTS were evaluated with the participants' behavior, including comparative statistics as well as prediction accuracy. The model's anticipations compared to the human test data provide support for justifying further steps built upon our conceptual approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Zamprogno
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Airbus Central Research and Technology, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Linda Heimisch
- Department of Psychology and Ergonomics, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nele Russwinkel
- Department of Psychology and Ergonomics, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Group Human-Aware AI, Institut of information Systems, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Qian L, Gu Y, Zhai Q, Xue Z, Liu Y, Li S, Zeng Y, Sun R, Zhang Q, Cai X, Ge W, Dong Z, Gao H, Zhou Y, Zhu Y, Xu Y, Guo T. Multitissue Circadian Proteome Atlas of WT and Per1 -/-/Per2 -/- Mice. Mol Cell Proteomics 2023; 22:100675. [PMID: 37940002 PMCID: PMC10750102 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular basis of circadian rhythm, driven by core clock genes such as Per1/2, has been investigated on the transcriptome level, but not comprehensively on the proteome level. Here we quantified over 11,000 proteins expressed in eight types of tissues over 46 h with an interval of 2 h, using WT and Per1/Per2 double knockout mouse models. The multitissue circadian proteome landscape of WT mice shows tissue-specific patterns and reflects circadian anticipatory phenomena, which are less obvious on the transcript level. In most peripheral tissues of double knockout mice, reduced protein cyclers are identified when compared with those in WT mice. In addition, PER1/2 contributes to controlling the anticipation of the circadian rhythm, modulating tissue-specific cyclers as well as key pathways including nucleotide excision repair. Severe intertissue temporal dissonance of circadian proteome has been observed in the absence of Per1 and Per2. The γ-aminobutyric acid might modulate some of these temporally correlated cyclers in WT mice. Our study deepens our understanding of rhythmic proteins across multiple tissues and provides valuable insights into chronochemotherapy. The data are accessible at https://prot-rhythm.prottalks.com/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liujia Qian
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yue Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Suda Genomic Resource Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiaocheng Zhai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Suda Genomic Resource Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhangzhi Xue
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Youqi Liu
- Westlake Omics (Hangzhou) Biotechnology Co, Ltd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Sainan Li
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yizhun Zeng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Suda Genomic Resource Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiushi Zhang
- Westlake Omics (Hangzhou) Biotechnology Co, Ltd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xue Cai
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weigang Ge
- Westlake Omics (Hangzhou) Biotechnology Co, Ltd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhen Dong
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huanhuan Gao
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Ying Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Suda Genomic Resource Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Tiannan Guo
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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14
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Qin C, Michon F, Onuki Y, Ishishita Y, Otani K, Kawai K, Fries P, Gazzola V, Keysers C. Predictability alters information flow during action observation in human electrocorticographic activity. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113432. [PMID: 37963020 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The action observation network (AON) has been extensively studied using short, isolated motor acts. How activity in the network is altered when these isolated acts are embedded in meaningful sequences of actions remains poorly understood. Here we utilized intracranial electrocorticography to characterize how the exchange of information across key nodes of the AON-the precentral, supramarginal, and visual cortices-is affected by such embedding and the resulting predictability. We found more top-down beta oscillation from precentral to supramarginal contacts during the observation of predictable actions in meaningful sequences compared to the same actions in randomized, and hence less predictable, order. In addition, we find that expectations enabled by the embedding lead to a suppression of bottom-up visual responses in the high-gamma range in visual areas. These results, in line with predictive coding, inform how nodes of the AON integrate information to process the actions of others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyi Qin
- Social Brain Lab, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Art and Sciences, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Frederic Michon
- Social Brain Lab, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Art and Sciences, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yoshiyuki Onuki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Yohei Ishishita
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Keisuke Otani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Kensuke Kawai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Pascal Fries
- Ernst Strüngmann Institute (ESI) for Neuroscience in Cooperation with Max Planck Society, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Kapittelweg 29, 6525 EN Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Valeria Gazzola
- Social Brain Lab, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Art and Sciences, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands; University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychology, Brain & Cognition, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Christian Keysers
- Social Brain Lab, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Art and Sciences, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands; University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychology, Brain & Cognition, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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15
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Kalokerinos EK, Moeck EK, Rummens K, Meers K, Mestdagh M. Ready for the worst? Negative affect in anticipation of a stressor does not protect against affective reactivity. J Pers 2023; 91:1123-1139. [PMID: 36271680 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lay wisdom suggests feeling negative while awaiting an upcoming stressor-anticipatory negative affect-shields against the blow of the subsequent stressor. However, evidence is mixed, with different lines of research and theory indirectly suggesting that anticipatory negative affect is helpful, harmful, or has no effect on emotional outcomes. In two studies, we aimed to reconcile these competing views by examining the affective trajectory across hours, days, and months, separating affective reactivity and recovery. METHODS In Study 1, first-year students (N = 101) completed 9 days of experience sampling (10 surveys/day) as they received their first-semester exam grades, and a follow-up survey 5 months later. In Study 2, participants (N = 73) completed 2 days of experience sampling (60 surveys/day) before and after a Trier Social Stress Test. We investigated the association between anticipatory negative affect and the subsequent affective trajectory, investigating (1) reactivity immediately after the stressor, (2) recovery across hours (Study 2) and days (Study 1), and (3) recovery after 5 months (Study 1). RESULTS Across the two studies, feeling more negative in anticipation of a stressor was either associated with increased negative affective reactivity, or unassociated with affective outcomes. CONCLUSION These results run counter to the idea that being affectively ready for the worst has psychological benefits, suggesting that instead, anticipatory negative affect can come with affective costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise K Kalokerinos
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ella K Moeck
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Koen Rummens
- Institute for Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kristof Meers
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Merijn Mestdagh
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Imanaka K, Sugi T, Nakamoto H. Relationships between the magnitude of representational momentum and the spatial and temporal anticipatory judgments of opponent's kicks in taekwondo. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1193116. [PMID: 37809301 PMCID: PMC10551154 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1193116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
For successful actions in a fast, dynamic environment such as sports, a quick successful anticipation of a forthcoming environmental state is essential. However, the perceptual mechanisms involved in successful anticipation are not fully understood. This study examined the relationships between the magnitude of representational momentum (RM) as a forward displacement of the memory representation of the final position of a moving object (which implies that observers perceptually "see" a near future forthcoming dynamic environmental state) and the temporal and spatial anticipatory judgments of the opponent's high or middle kicks in taekwondo. Twenty-seven participants (university taekwondo club members and non-members) observed video clips of taekwondo kicks that vanished at one of 10 frame positions prior to the kick impact and performed three tasks consecutively: anticipatory coincidence timing (CT) with the arrival of kick impact, judgment of the kick type (high and middle kicks) by forced choice, and judgment of the vanishing frame position (measuring RM). Our results showed significant group effects for the number of correct kick-type judgments and the judgment threshold for kick-type choice (kick-typeJT), which was estimated in terms of individual psychometric function curves. A significant correlation was found between the magnitude of RM (estimated at kick-typeJT) and kick-typeJT, but not between the CT errors (estimated at kick-typeJT) and kick-typeJT. This indicates that the magnitude of RM may play an influential role in quick kick-type judgments, but not in coincidence timing while observing an opponent's kick motion. These findings suggest that subjective anticipatory perception or judgment of the future spatial state is vital to anticipatory actions under severe time constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuniyasu Imanaka
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Sugi
- Graduate School of Humanities [Psychology], Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nakamoto
- Faculty of Physical Education, National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, Kagoshima, Japan
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17
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Kraus J, Výborová E, Silani G. The effect of intranasal oxytocin on social reward processing in humans: a systematic review. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1244027. [PMID: 37779612 PMCID: PMC10536251 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1244027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the neurobiology of social reward processing is fundamental, holding promises for reducing maladaptive/dysfunctional social behaviors and boosting the benefits associated with a healthy social life. Current research shows that processing of social (vs. non-social) rewards may be driven by oxytocinergic signaling. However, studies in humans often led to mixed results. This review aimed to systematically summarize available experimental results that assessed the modulation of social reward processing by intranasal oxytocin (IN-OXY) administration in humans. The literature search yielded 385 results, of which 19 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. The effects of IN-OXY on subjective, behavioral, and (neuro)physiological output variables are discussed in relation to moderating variables-reward phase, reward type, onset and dosage, participants' sex/gender, and clinical condition. Results indicate that IN-OXY is mostly effective during the consumption ("liking") of social rewards. These effects are likely exerted by modulating the activity of the prefrontal cortex, insula, precuneus, anterior cingulate cortex, amygdala, and striatum. Finally, we provide suggestions for designing future oxytocin studies. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021278945, identifier CRD42021278945.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Kraus
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Eliška Výborová
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Giorgia Silani
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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18
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Drążyk D, Missal M. How Does Temporal Blurring Alter Movement Timing? eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0496-22.2023. [PMID: 37669857 PMCID: PMC10500974 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0496-22.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Subjective uncertainty arises because the estimation of the timing of an event into the future is error prone. This impact of stimulus-bound uncertainty on movement preparation has often been investigated using reaction time tasks where a warning stimulus (WS) predicts the occurrence of a "go" signal. The timing of the "go" signal can be chosen from a particular probability distribution with a given variance or uncertainty. It has been repeatedly shown that reaction times covary with the shape of the used "go" signal distribution. This is interpreted as evidence for temporal preparation. Moreover, the variance of the response time should always increase with the duration of the delay between the WS and the "go" signal. This increasing variance has been interpreted as a consequence of the temporal "blurring" of future events (scalar expectancy). The present paper tested the validity of the temporal "blurring" hypothesis in humans with a simple oculomotor reaction time task where subjective and stimulus-bound uncertainties were increased. Subjective uncertainty about the timing of a "go" signal was increased by lengthening the delay between the WS and the "go" signal. Objective uncertainty was altered by increasing the variance of "go" signal timing. Contrary to temporal blurring hypotheses, the study has shown that increasing the delay between events did not significantly increase movement timing variability. These results suggest that temporal blurring could not be a property of movement timing in an implicit timing context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Drążyk
- Institute of Neurosciences (IONS), Cognition and System (COSY), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels 1200, Belgium
| | - Marcus Missal
- Institute of Neurosciences (IONS), Cognition and System (COSY), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels 1200, Belgium
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McDonagh HDL, Broderick P, Monaghan K. Eye movement as a simple, cost-effective tool for people who stutter: A case study. S Afr J Commun Disord 2023; 70:e1-e13. [PMID: 37782243 PMCID: PMC10476227 DOI: 10.4102/sajcd.v70i1.968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Access to services remains the biggest barrier to helping the most vulnerable in the South African Stuttering Community. This novel stuttering therapy, harnessing an unconscious link between eye and tongue movement, may provide a new therapeutic approach, easily communicated and deliverable online. OBJECTIVES This study provides both objective and subjective assessments of the feasibility of this intervention. Assessment tools holistically address all components of stuttering in line with comprehensive treatment approaches: core behaviours, secondary behaviours, anticipation and reactions. METHOD On receipt of ethical approval, this single-subject case design recruited one adult (21-year-old) male with a developmental stutter (DS). The participant gave informed consent and completed four scheduled assessments: baseline, after 5-week training, 3 months post-intervention and 24 months post-completion. The study used objective assessment tools: Stuttering Severity Instrument-4 (SSI-4); Subjective-assessment tools: SSI-4 clinical use self-report tool (CUSR); Overall Assessment of Speaker's Experience of Stuttering (OASES-A); Premonitory Awareness in Stuttering (PAiS) and Self-Report Stuttering Severity* (SRSS) (*final assessment). RESULTS The participant's scores improved across all assessment measures, which may reflect a holistic improvement. The participant reported that the tool was very useful. There were no negative consequences. CONCLUSION This case report indicates that this innovative treatment may be feasible. No adverse effects were experienced, and the treatment only benefited the participant. The results justify the design of a pilot randomised feasibility clinical trial.Contribution: The results indicate that this is a needed breakthrough in stuttering therapy as the instructions can be easily translated into any language. It can also be delivered remotely reducing accessibility barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary D-L McDonagh
- Department of Health and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Science, Atlantic Technological University, Sligo.
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20
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Loiseau Taupin M, Romeas T, Juste L, Labbé DR. Exploring the effects of 3D-360°VR and 2D viewing modes on gaze behavior, head excursion, and workload during a boxing specific anticipation task. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1235984. [PMID: 37680243 PMCID: PMC10481868 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1235984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recent evidence has started to demonstrate that 360°VR, a type of VR that immerses a user within a 360° video, has advantages over two-dimensional (2D) video displays in the context of perceptual-cognitive evaluation and training. However, there is currently a lack of empirical evidence to explain how perceptual-cognitive strategies differ between these two paradigms when performing sports-related tasks. Thus, the objective of this study was to examine and compare the impact of different viewing conditions (e.g., 3D-360°VR and 2D video displays), on gaze behavior and head excursions in a boxing-specific anticipatory task. A secondary objective was to assess the workload associated with each viewing mode, including the level of presence experienced. Thirdly, an exploratory analysis was conducted to evaluate any potential sex differences. Methods Thirty-two novice participants (16 females) were recruited for this study. A total of 24 single-punch sequences were randomly presented using a standalone VR headset (Pico Neo 3 Pro Eye), with two different viewing modes: 3D-360°VR and 2D. Participants were instructed to respond to the punches with appropriate motor actions, aiming to avoid punches. Gaze behavior was recorded using a Tobii eyetracker embedded in the VR headset. Workload and presence were measured with the SIM-TLX questionnaire. Fixation duration, number of fixations, saccades, search rate and head excursions (roll, pitch, yaw) were analyzed using linear mixed models. Results The results revealed significant shorter fixation durations and more head excursions (roll, pitch) in 3D-360°VR, compared to the 2D viewing mode (ps < 0.05). The sense of presence was found to be much higher in the 3D-360°VR viewing mode (p < 0.05). No sex differences were observed. These results demonstrate that 360°VR elicited shorter fixation durations but mostly greater head excursions and immersion compared to a 2D projection in the context of a boxing-specific task. Discussion These findings contribute to the understanding of previous evidence supporting the possible advantages of using 360°VR over 2D for perceptual-cognitive evaluation and training purposes. Further validation studies that compare behaviors and performance in 360°VR with those in the real-world will be needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mildred Loiseau Taupin
- Laboratoire de recherche en imagerie et orthopédie, École de technologie supérieure, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Institut national du sport du Québec, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas Romeas
- Institut national du sport du Québec, Montréal, QC, Canada
- École d’optométrie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Lauryn Juste
- Laboratoire de recherche en imagerie et orthopédie, École de technologie supérieure, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - David R. Labbé
- Laboratoire de recherche en imagerie et orthopédie, École de technologie supérieure, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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21
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Billaut F, Demers MR, Hibbert A. Performance Kinetics During Repeated Sprints is Influenced by Knowledge of Task Endpoint and Associated Peripheral Fatigue. Int J Exerc Sci 2023; 16:987-998. [PMID: 37649870 PMCID: PMC10464754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of exercise intensity allows an athlete to perform an exercise in the fastest possible time while avoiding debilitating neuromuscular fatigue development. This phenomenon is less studied during intermittent activities. To investigate anticipatory and real-time regulation of motor output and neuromuscular fatigue during repeated-sprint exercise, twelve males randomly performed one (S1), two (S2), four (S4) and six (S6) sets of five 5-s cycling sprints. Mechanical work and electromyographic activity were assessed during sprints. Potentiated quadriceps twitch force (ΔQtw,pot) and central activation ratio (QCAR) were quantified from response to supra-maximal magnetic femoral nerve stimulation pre-vs post-exercise. Compared with S1, mechanical work developed in the first sprint and in the entire first set was reduced in S6 (-7.8% and -5.1%, respectively, P < 0.05). Work developed in the last set was similar in S4 and S6 (P = 0.82). Similar results were observed for EMG activity. The QCAR was also more reduced in S4 (-5.8%, P < 0.05) and S6 (-8.3%, P < 0.05) than in S1. However, ΔQtw,pot was not significantly different across all trials (-33.1% to -41.9%, P = 0.46). Perceived exhaustion increased across sprints to reach a maximal and similar level in S2, S4 and S6 (all 19.2, P < 0.01 vs S1). These results suggest that the regulation of performance, exerted at the beginning and continuously during repeated sprints, is based on the task endpoint, presumably to avoid excessive peripheral muscle and associated conscious overwhelming sensations.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Billaut
- Département de kinésiologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, CANADA
| | | | - Andrew Hibbert
- Institute for Health & Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, AUSTRALIA
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22
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Secco Faquin B, Teixeira LA, Coelho Candido CR, Boari Coelho D, Bayeux Dascal J, Alves Okazaki VH. Prediction of ball direction in soccer penalty through kinematic analysis of the kicker. J Sports Sci 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37409691 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2023.2232679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
The penalty kick is a crucial opportunity to score and determine the outcome of a soccer match or championship. Anticipating the direction of the ball is key for goalkeepers to enhance their defensive capabilities, considering the ball's swift travel time. However, it remains unclear which kinematic cues from the kicker can predict the ball's direction. This study aimed to identify the variables that predict the ball's direction during a soccer penalty kick. Twenty U19 soccer players executed penalty kicks towards four targets positioned in the goal, while kinematic analysis was conducted using a 3D motion analysis system. Logistic regression analysis revealed that trunk rotation in the transverse plane (towards the goal - left; or slightly to the right - right) served as the primary predictor of the ball's horizontal direction at 250 and 150 ms before the kicking foot made contact. Additionally, the height of the kicking foot in the sagittal plane solely predicted the vertical direction at the moment of contact. This information, encompassing trunk rotation and kicking foot height, can be employed in perceptual training to enhance decision-making and the implementation of feints during penalty kicks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Secco Faquin
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
- Physical Education and Sport Center, Federal Institute of São Paulo, Sertãozinho, Brazil
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23
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Taylor OG. The policy landscape and challenges of disaster risk financing: navigating risk and uncertainty. Disasters 2023; 47:745-765. [PMID: 36039928 PMCID: PMC10947032 DOI: 10.1111/disa.12560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A more anticipatory, pre-agreed response is a shared goal of many in the disaster management and humanitarian communities. This paper considers the emerging policy landscape of disaster risk financing (DRF), which is taken here to include mechanisms that allow agencies to act in advance of disasters occurring, as well as those that aim to respond earlier to disasters which have already happened. What they both have in common is no longer waiting for needs to become apparent before responding; however, this creates a challenge for practitioners because of the potential for acting erroneously. This paper provides a more cohesive way of understanding approaches in this policy area through the shared challenge of decision-making under the condition of uncertainty. Drawing on expert interviews and science and technology studies theory, it sets out some recommendations on how practitioners can navigate risk and uncertainty better within DRF and in a more nuanced way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia G. Taylor
- Lecturer, Department of GeographyUniversity of SussexUnited Kingdom
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Benson S, Labrenz F, Kotulla S, Brotte L, Rödder P, Tebbe B, Theysohn N, Engler H, Elsenbruch S. Amplified gut feelings under inflammation and depressed mood: A randomized fMRI trial on interoceptive pain in healthy volunteers. Brain Behav Immun 2023:S0889-1591(23)00147-2. [PMID: 37302437 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation and depressed mood constitute clinically relevant vulnerability factors for enhanced interoceptive sensitivity and chronic visceral pain, but their putative interaction remains untested in human mechanistic studies. We tested interaction effects of acute systemic inflammation and sad mood on the expectation and experience of visceral pain by combining experimental endotoxemia with a mood induction paradigm. METHODS The double-blind, placebo-controlled, balanced crossover fMRI-trial in N=39 healthy male and female volunteers involved 2 study days with either intravenous administration of low-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 0.4ng/kg body weight; inflammation condition) or saline (placebo condition). On each study, day two scanning sessions were conducted in an experimentally induced negative (i.e., sad) and in a neutral mood state, accomplished in balanced order. As a model of visceral pain, rectal distensions were implemented, which were initially calibrated to be moderately painful. In all sessions, an identical series of visceral pain stimuli was accomplished, signaled by predictive visual conditioning cues to assess pain anticipation. We assessed neural activation during the expectation and experience of visceral pain, along with unpleasantness ratings in a condition combining an inflammatory state with sad mood and in control conditions. All statistical analyses were accomplished using sex as covariate. RESULTS LPS administration led to an acute systemic inflammatory response (inflammation X time interaction effects for TNF-α, IL-6, and sickness symptoms, all p<.001). The mood paradigm effectively induced distinct mood states (mood X time interaction, p<.001), with greater sadness in the negative mood conditions (both p<.001) but no difference between LPS and saline conditions. Significant main and interaction effects of inflammation and negative mood were observed for pain unpleasantness (all p<.05). During cued pain anticipation, a significant inflammation X mood interaction emerged for activation of the bilateral caudate nucleus and right hippocampus (all pFWE<.05). Main effects of both inflammation and mood were observed in multiple regions, including insula, midcingulate cortex, prefrontal gyri, and hippocampus for inflammation, and midcingulate, caudate, and thalamus for mood (all pFWE<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Results support an interplay of inflammation and sad mood on striatal and hippocampal circuitry engaged during visceral pain anticipation as well as on pain experience. This may reflect a nocebo mechanism, which may contribute to altered perception and interpretation of bodily signals. At the interface of affective neuroscience and the gut-brain axis, concurrent inflammation and negative mood may be vulnerability factors for chronic visceral pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Benson
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, Center for Translational and Behavioral Neuroscience, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Institute for Medical Education, University Hospital Essen, Center for Translational and Behavioral Neuroscience, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Franziska Labrenz
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Ruhr University Bochum
| | - Simone Kotulla
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, Center for Translational and Behavioral Neuroscience, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lisa Brotte
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, Center for Translational and Behavioral Neuroscience, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Department of Neurology, Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Philipp Rödder
- Department of Trauma, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Bastian Tebbe
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Nina Theysohn
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Harald Engler
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, Center for Translational and Behavioral Neuroscience, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sigrid Elsenbruch
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Ruhr University Bochum; Department of Neurology, Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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McLoughlin EJM, Broadbent DP, Kinrade NP, Coughlan EK, Bishop DT. Factors affecting decision-making in Gaelic Football: a focus group approach. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1142508. [PMID: 37359881 PMCID: PMC10285487 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1142508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Research examining decision-making in sports has predominantly used experimental approaches that fail to provide a holistic understanding of the various factors that impact the decision-making process. The current study aimed to explore the decision-making processes of Senior (expert) and Academy (near-expert) Gaelic Football players using a focus group approach. Methods Four focus groups were conducted; two with Senior players (n = 5; n = 6) and two with U17 Academy players (n = 5; n = 6). In each focus group, short video clips of Senior Gaelic football games were played, and the action was paused at key moments. The group then discussed the options available to the player in possession, the decision they would make in that situation, and importantly, what factors influenced the final decision. Thematic analysis was used to identify themes that emerged from the focus groups. Results and discussion Four primary themes emerged that affected the decision-making process. Three themes were related to information sources, namely, pre-match context (coach tactics and instructions, match importance, and opposition status), current match context (score and time remaining), and visual information (player positioning and field space, and visual search strategy), and the fourth theme related to individual differences (self-efficacy, risk propensity, perceived pressure, physical characteristics, action capabilities, fatigue) that moderated the decision-making process. Compared to the near-expert Academy players, the expert Senior players displayed a more sophisticated understanding of the various sources of information and were able to integrate them in a more complex manner to make projections regarding future scenarios. For both groups, the decision-making process was moderated by individual differences. A schematic has been developed based on the study findings in an attempt to illustrate the hypothesized decision-making process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Jane M. McLoughlin
- Division of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David P. Broadbent
- Division of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Sport Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
| | - Noel P. Kinrade
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Edward K. Coughlan
- Department of Sport, Leisure and Childhood Studies, Munster Technological University, Cork, Ireland
| | - Daniel T. Bishop
- Division of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom
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Ballif E. Anticipatory Regimes in Pregnancy: Cross-Fertilising Reproduction and Parenting Culture Studies. Sociology 2023; 57:476-492. [PMID: 37266457 PMCID: PMC10230590 DOI: 10.1177/00380385221107492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Despite attempts at highlighting continuities across the reproductive process from conception to childcare, reproduction and parenting still tend to be studied as a collection of separate objects. This article contributes to the cross-fertilisation of reproductive and parenting culture studies by first introducing anticipation as a transversal analytical lens. A conceptual framework for the analysis of anticipatory regimes in reproduction is introduced with a focus on subjectification effects and future images. Second, the importance of pregnancy as a connector between reproduction and parenting is highlighted. These propositions are fleshed out with reference to an ethnography of pregnancy care in Switzerland. The results demonstrate that pregnant women are expected to act as anticipating agents and that foetuses are treated as future children. Future images reveal how prenatal care reproduces gender norms. Analysing anticipatory regimes contributes to discussions of power relations in prenatal care, the stratification of reproduction and challenges to reproductive justice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmée Ballif
- Edmée Ballif, Thomas Coram Research Unit (TCRU),
Social Research Institute IOE, UCL’s Faculty of Education and Society, University College
London, 27–28 Woburn Square, London, WC1H 0AA, UK.
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Dorato M. Commentary: Physical time within human time. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1110386. [PMID: 37303923 PMCID: PMC10250734 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1110386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
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Baga M, Rizzi S, Spagnoli C, Frattini D, Pisani F, Fusco C. A Novel Family with Demyelinating Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Caused by a Mutation in the PMP2 Gene: A Case Series of Nine Patients and a Brief Review of the Literature. Children (Basel) 2023; 10:children10050901. [PMID: 37238449 DOI: 10.3390/children10050901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) is a group of inherited peripheral neuropathies characterized by wide genotypic and phenotypic variability. The onset is typically in childhood, and the most frequent clinical manifestations are predominantly distal muscle weakness, hypoesthesia, foot deformity (pes cavus) and areflexia. In the long term, complications such as muscle-tendon retractions, extremity deformities, muscle atrophy and pain may occur. Among CMT1, demyelinating and autosomal dominant forms, CMT1G is determined by mutations in the PMP2 myelin protein. RESULTS Starting from the index case, we performed a clinical, electrophysiological, neuroradiological and genetic evaluation of all family members for three generations; we identified p.Ile50del in PMP2 in all the nine affected members. They presented a typical clinical phenotype, with childhood-onset variable severity between generations and a chronic demyelinating sensory-motor polyneuropathy on the electrophysiologic examination; the progression was slow to very slow and predominant in the lower limbs. Our study reports a relatively large sample of patients, members of the same family, with CMT1G by PMP2, which is a rare form of demyelinating CMT, highlighting the genetic variability of the CMT family instead of the overlapping clinical phenotypes within demyelinating forms. To date, only supportive and preventive measures for the most severe complications are available; therefore, we believe that early diagnosis (clinical, electrophysiological and genetic) allows access to specialist follow-up and therapies, thereby improving the quality of life of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Baga
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Department of Pediatrics, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42100 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Susanna Rizzi
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Department of Pediatrics, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42100 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Carlotta Spagnoli
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Department of Pediatrics, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42100 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Daniele Frattini
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Department of Pediatrics, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42100 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Francesco Pisani
- Child Neuropsychiatric Unit, Human Neuroscience Department, Sapienza University of Rome, 00100 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Fusco
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Department of Pediatrics, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42100 Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Nelson JP, Selin CL. Seven open questions in the futures of human genome editing. Futures 2023; 149:103138. [PMID: 37484876 PMCID: PMC10358607 DOI: 10.1016/j.futures.2023.103138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Scholarly discussion around the governance of human genome editing (HGE) recognizes that development and application of HGE techniques could result in unexpected societal outcomes. However, it contains few to no methodological models for how to anticipate, prepare for, or shape such outcomes. This article presents early-stage results from research guided by anticipatory governance, a framework for broad expert and public consideration of innovation processes and purposes. We present and discuss key themes emerging from a set of future-oriented interviews with genome editing practitioners and experts, designed to inform broadly scoped deliberations about plausible futures of HGE. We articulate our results as seven "open questions," the answers to which will be important components of HGE's eventual shape and outcomes. Some themes are perennial in studies of science and society, and others are more novel to HGE. Each helps to reframe HGE beyond a simple comparison of risk and benefit. Such reframing opens up new and important terrain for discussion among policymakers, academics, scientists, and publics. We suggest that discussion framed around broad and reflexive questions like those presented here will help governance efforts to better acknowledge and flexibly respond to the uncertainty and complexities of HGE developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P. Nelson
- School for the Future of Innovation in Society, Arizona State University, 1120 South Cady Mall, Tempe, Arizona 85287-5603
| | - Cynthia L. Selin
- School for the Future of Innovation in Society/Consortium for Science, Policy & Outcomes, Arizona State University, 1120 South Cady Mall, Tempe, Arizona 85287-5603
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Yu X, Desrivières S. Altered anticipatory brain responses in eating disorders: A neuroimaging meta-analysis. Eur Eat Disord Rev 2023; 31:363-376. [PMID: 36639902 PMCID: PMC10947459 DOI: 10.1002/erv.2967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Functional neuroimaging studies have found differential neural activation patterns during anticipation-related paradigms in participants with eating disorders (EDs) compared to controls. However, publications reported conflicting results on the directionality and location of the abnormal activations. There is an urgent need to integrate our existing knowledge of anticipation, both rewarding and aversive, to elucidate these differences. METHOD We conducted an activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis to quantitatively review functional neuroimaging studies that evaluated differences between brain correlates of anticipation in participants with and without disordered eating. PubMed, Web of Sciences, PsycINFO, Medline and EMBASE were searched for studies published up to November 2022. Exploratory sub-analyses to check for differences between reward and non-reward anticipation among all anticipation paradigms. RESULTS Twenty-one references met the inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. The meta-analysis across anticipation all tasks identified a significant hyperactivation cluster in the right putamen in participants with disordered eating (n = 17 experiments) and a significant hypoactivation cluster in the left inferior parietal lobule (n = 13 experiments), in participants with disordered eating compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS These findings and sub-analyses of reward- and non-reward-related cues suggest potential pathophysiological mechanisms underlying anticipatory responses to rewarding and aversive cues in ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyang Yu
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry CentreInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry CentreInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
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Abstract
Selective attention comprises essential infrastructural functions supporting cognition-anticipating, prioritizing, selecting, routing, integrating, and preparing signals to guide adaptive behavior. Most studies have examined its consequences, systems, and mechanisms in a static way, but attention is at the confluence of multiple sources of flux. The world advances, we operate within it, our minds change, and all resulting signals progress through multiple pathways within the dynamic networks of our brains. Our aim in this review is to raise awareness of and interest in three important facets of how timing impacts our understanding of attention. These include the challenges posed to attention by the timing of neural processing and psychological functions, the opportunities conferred to attention by various temporal structures in the environment, and how tracking the time courses of neural and behavioral modulations with continuous measures yields surprising insights into the workings and principles of attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna C Nobre
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK; Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK.
| | - Freek van Ede
- Institute for Brain and Behavior Amsterdam, Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1081BT, the Netherlands.
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Ohgami Y, Kotani Y, Yoshida N, Akai H, Kunimatsu A, Kiryu S, Inoue Y. The contralateral effects of anticipated stimuli on brain activity measured by ERP and fMRI. Psychophysiology 2023; 60:e14189. [PMID: 36166644 PMCID: PMC10077996 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined the effects of unilateral stimulus presentation on the right hemisphere preponderance of the stimulus-preceding negativity (SPN) in the event-related potential (ERP) experiment, and aimed to elucidate whether unilateral stimulus presentation affected activations in the bilateral anterior insula in the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment. Separate fMRI and ERP experiments were conducted using visual and auditory stimuli by manipulating the position of stimulus presentation (left side or right side) with the time estimation task. The ERP experiment revealed a significant right hemisphere preponderance during left stimulation and no laterality during the right stimulation. The fMRI experiment revealed that the left anterior insula was activated only in the right stimulation of auditory and visual stimuli whereas the right anterior insula was activated by both left and right stimulations. The visual condition retained a contralateral dominance, but the auditory condition showed a right hemisphere dominance in a localized area. The results of this study indicate that the SPN reflects perceptual anticipation, and also that the anterior insula is involved in its occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimi Ohgami
- Institute for Liberal Arts, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasunori Kotani
- Institute for Liberal Arts, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobukiyo Yoshida
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Akai
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Kunimatsu
- Department of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shigeru Kiryu
- Department of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yusuke Inoue
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
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Best LG, Duffy KA, George AM, Ganguly A, Kalish JM. Familial Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome in a multigenerational family: Forty years of careful phenotyping. Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:348-356. [PMID: 36322462 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Beckwith-Wiedemann Spectrum (BWSp) is an overgrowth and cancer predisposition disorder characterized by a wide spectrum of phenotypic manifestations including macroglossia, abdominal wall defects, neonatal hypoglycemia, and predisposition to embryonal tumors. In 1981, Best and Hoekstra reported four patients with BWSp in a single family which suggested autosomal dominant inheritance, but standard clinical testing for BWSp was not available during this time. Meticulous phenotyping of this family has occurred over the past 40 years of follow-up with additional family members being identified and samples collected for genetic testing. Genetic testing revealed a pathogenic mutation in CDKN1C, consistent with the most common cause of familial BWSp. CDKN1C mutations account for just 5% of sporadic cases of BWSp. Here, we report the variable presentation of BWSp across the individuals affected by the CDKN1C mutation and other extended family members spanning multiple generations, all examined by the same physician. Additional phenotypes thought to be atypical in patients with BWSp were reported which included cardiac abnormalities. The incidence of tumors was documented in extended family members and included rhabdomyosarcoma, astrocytoma, and thyroid carcinoma, which have previously been reported in patients with BWSp. These observations suggest that in addition to the inheritance of the CDKN1C variant, there are modifying factors in this family driving the phenotypic spectrum observed. Alternative theories are suggested to explain the etiology of clinical variability including diffused mosaicism, anticipation, and the presence of additional variants tracking in the family. This study highlights the necessity of long-term follow-up in patients with BWSp and consideration of individual familial characteristics in the context of phenotype and/or (epi)genotype associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyle G Best
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Kelly A Duffy
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew M George
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Arupa Ganguly
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jennifer M Kalish
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Abstract
Flexible behavior requires guidance not only by sensations that are available immediately but also by relevant mental contents carried forward through working memory. Therefore, selective-attention functions that modulate the contents of working memory to guide behavior (inside-out) are just as important as those operating on sensory signals to generate internal contents (outside-in). We review the burgeoning literature on selective attention in the inside-out direction and underscore its functional, flexible, and future-focused nature. We discuss in turn the purpose (why), targets (what), sources (when), and mechanisms (how) of selective attention inside working memory, using visual working memory as a model. We show how the study of internal selective attention brings new insights concerning the core cognitive processes of attention and working memory and how considering selective attention and working memory together paves the way for a rich and integrated understanding of how mind serves behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freek van Ede
- Institute for Brain and Behavior Amsterdam, and Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands;
| | - Anna C Nobre
- Departments of Experimental Psychology and Psychiatry, Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, and Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom;
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Tanis D, Calalo JA, Cashaback JGA, Kurtzer IL. Accuracy and effort costs together lead to temporal asynchrony of multiple motor commands. J Neurophysiol 2023; 129:1-6. [PMID: 36448693 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00435.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The timing of motor commands is critical for task performance. A well-known example is rapidly raising the arm while standing upright. Here, reaction forces from the arm movement to the body are countered by leg and trunk muscle activity starting before any sensory feedback from the perturbation and often before the onset of arm muscle activity. Despite decades of research on the patterns, modifiability, and neural basis of these "anticipatory postural adjustments," it remains unclear why asynchronous motor commands occur. Simple accuracy considerations appear unlikely since temporally advanced motor commands displace the body from its initial position. Effort is a credible and overlooked factor that has successfully explained coordination patterns of many behaviors including gait and reaching. We provide the first use of optimal control to address this question. Feedforward commands were applied to a body mass mechanically linked to a rapidly moving limb mass. We determined the feedforward actions with the lowest cost according to an explicit criterion, accuracy alone versus accuracy + effort. Accuracy costs alone led to synchronous activation of the body and limb controllers. Adding effort to the cost resulted in body commands preceding limb commands. This sequence takes advantage of the body's momentum in one direction to counter the limb's reaction force in the opposite direction, allowing a lower peak command and lower integral. With a combined accuracy + effort cost, temporal advancement was further impacted by various task goals and plant dynamics, replicating previous findings and suggesting further studies using optimal control principles.NEW & NOTEWORTHY An important goal in the fields of sensorimotor neuroscience and biomechanics is to explain the timing of different muscles during behavior. Here, we propose that energy and accuracy considerations underlie the asynchronous onset of postural and arm muscles during rapid movement. Our novel model-based framework replicates a broad range of observations across varying task demands and plant dynamics and offers a new perspective to study motor timing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Tanis
- Department of Biomedical Science, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, New York
| | - Jan A Calalo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware
| | | | - Isaac L Kurtzer
- Department of Biomedical Science, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, New York
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Yang Z, Diaz GJ, Fajen BR, Bailey R, Ororbia AG. A neural active inference model of perceptual-motor learning. Front Comput Neurosci 2023; 17:1099593. [PMID: 36890967 PMCID: PMC9986490 DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2023.1099593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The active inference framework (AIF) is a promising new computational framework grounded in contemporary neuroscience that can produce human-like behavior through reward-based learning. In this study, we test the ability for the AIF to capture the role of anticipation in the visual guidance of action in humans through the systematic investigation of a visual-motor task that has been well-explored-that of intercepting a target moving over a ground plane. Previous research demonstrated that humans performing this task resorted to anticipatory changes in speed intended to compensate for semi-predictable changes in target speed later in the approach. To capture this behavior, our proposed "neural" AIF agent uses artificial neural networks to select actions on the basis of a very short term prediction of the information about the task environment that these actions would reveal along with a long-term estimate of the resulting cumulative expected free energy. Systematic variation revealed that anticipatory behavior emerged only when required by limitations on the agent's movement capabilities, and only when the agent was able to estimate accumulated free energy over sufficiently long durations into the future. In addition, we present a novel formulation of the prior mapping function that maps a multi-dimensional world-state to a uni-dimensional distribution of free-energy/reward. Together, these results demonstrate the use of AIF as a plausible model of anticipatory visually guided behavior in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhuo Yang
- Golisano College of Computing and Information Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Gabriel J Diaz
- Chester F. Carlson Center for Imaging Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Brett R Fajen
- Department of Cognitive Science, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - Reynold Bailey
- Golisano College of Computing and Information Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Alexander G Ororbia
- Golisano College of Computing and Information Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, United States
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Meredith Weiss S, Marshall PJ. Anticipation across modalities in children and adults: Relating anticipatory alpha rhythm lateralization, reaction time, and executive function. Dev Sci 2023; 26:e13277. [PMID: 35616474 PMCID: PMC10078525 DOI: 10.1111/desc.13277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The development of the ability to anticipate-as manifested by preparatory actions and neural activation related to the expectation of an upcoming stimulus-may play a key role in the ontogeny of cognitive skills more broadly. This preregistered study examined anticipatory brain potentials and behavioral responses (reaction time; RT) to anticipated target stimuli in relation to individual differences in the ability to use goals to direct action (as indexed by measures of executive function; EF). A cross-sectional investigation was conducted in 40 adults (aged 18-25 years) and 40 children (aged 6-8 years) to examine the association of changes in the amplitude of modality-specific alpha-range rhythms in the electroencephalogram (EEG) during anticipation of lateralized visual, tactile, or auditory stimuli with inter- and intraindividual variation in RT and EF. Children and adults exhibited contralateral anticipatory reductions in the mu rhythm and the visual alpha rhythm for tactile and visual anticipation, respectively, indicating modality and spatially specific attention allocation. Variability in within-subject anticipatory alpha lateralization (the difference between contralateral and ipsilateral alpha power) was related to single-trial RT. This relation was more prominent in adults than in children, and was not apparent for auditory stimuli. Multilevel models indicated that interindividual differences in anticipatory mu rhythm lateralization contributed to the significant association with variability in EF, but this was not the case for visual or auditory alpha rhythms. Exploratory microstate analyses were undertaken to cluster global field power (GFP) into a distribution-free temporal analysis examining developmental differences across samples and in relation to RT and EF. Anticipation is suggested as a developmental bridge construct connecting neuroscience, behavior, and cognition, with anticipatory EEG oscillations being discussed as quantifiable and potentially malleable indicators of stimulus prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Staci Meredith Weiss
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter J Marshall
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Kontou TG, Roach GD, Sargent C. Mild to Moderate Sleep Restriction Does Not Affect the Cortisol Awakening Response in Healthy Adult Males. Clocks Sleep 2022; 4:722-34. [PMID: 36547105 DOI: 10.3390/clockssleep4040054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The cortisol awakening response (CAR) is a distinct rise in cortisol that occurs upon awakening that is thought to contribute to arousal, energy boosting, and anticipation. There is some evidence to suggest that inadequate sleep may alter the CAR, but the relationship between sleep duration and CAR has not been systematically examined. Healthy males (n = 111; age: 23.0 ± 3.6 yrs) spent 10 consecutive days/nights in a sleep laboratory. After a baseline night (9 h time in bed), participants spent either 5 h (n = 19), 6 h (n = 23), 7 h (n = 16), 8 h (n = 27), or 9 h (n = 26) in bed for seven nights, followed by a 9 h recovery sleep. The saliva samples for cortisol assay were collected at 08:00 h, 08:30 h and 08:45 h at baseline, on experimental days 2 and 5 and on the recovery day. The primary dependent variables were the cortisol concentration at awakening (08:00 h) and the cortisol area under the curve (AUC). There was no effect of time in bed on either the cortisol concentration at awakening or cortisol AUC. In all the time in bed conditions, the cortisol AUC tended to be higher at baseline and lower on experimental day 5. Five consecutive nights of mild to moderate sleep restriction does not appear to affect the CAR in healthy male adults.
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Zhao J, Gu Q, Zhao S, Mao J. Effects of video-based training on anticipation and decision-making in football players: A systematic review. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:945067. [PMID: 36438631 PMCID: PMC9686440 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.945067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The training of athletes' anticipation and decision-making skills has received increasing attention from researchers, who developed and implemented training programs to achieve this. Video-based training (VBT) has become a popular method in anticipation and decision-making skills training. However, little is known about the benefits of implementing VBT in soccer. This systematic review considered the results of studies on VBT aiming to develop decision-making and anticipation skills in football players, and analyzed its effects. Literature published up to March 2022 was systematically searched on the scientific electronic databases Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, SportDiscus, and Google Scholar. In total, 5,749 articles were identified. After screening the records according to the set exclusion and inclusion criteria, ten articles were considered eligible, including six longitudinal studies and four acute studies. Eight of the ten included studies (80%) showed that VBT group performance in anticipation or decision-making skills was significantly better at post-test than at pre-test, as evidenced by improvements in response accuracy (RA), response times (RT), mean distance scores (MDS) and passing decision-making performance. In six studies that included the no video-based training (NVBT) group, results showed that athletes in the VBT group performed better in anticipation or decision-making skills than in the NVBT group, as evidenced by improvements in RA and RT performance. The studies used different methods for VBT, both explicit and implicit training effectively improved participants' anticipation and decision-making skills. In addition, the implementation of the "first-person" perspective (i.e., the player's perspective) and virtual reality (VR) improved the presentation of video stimuli, effectively improving anticipation and decision-making. The findings of this review suggest that VBT is beneficial in developing anticipation and decision-making judgments in football players. However, some findings were inconsistent with previous studies due to differences in intervention duration and experimental protocols, and further studies are needed. Furthermore, future research should actively seek to design appropriate retention tests and transfer tests to truly understand the benefits of VBT for athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- College of Sports Engineering and Information Technology, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Gu
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuo Zhao
- Shandong Football Management Center, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Mao
- College of Sports Engineering and Information Technology, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
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Amoah RK, Sullivan-Bolyai S, Pagano-Therrien J. Ubiety in nursing practice: Making each patient the star of the minute. Nurs Forum 2022; 57:1354-1364. [PMID: 36308314 DOI: 10.1111/nuf.12820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nurses work in a fast-paced environment with increased expectations and distractions. Ubiety is a new concept that describes how nurses care for one patient at a time amid distractions. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of exemplar registered nurses (Daisy Award nurse nominees) in practicing ubiety when caring for patients in an acute care setting. Qualitative data was collected through semistructured interviews and analyzed. "Making each patient the star of the minute" emerged as the main theme and included five subthemes which highlight how nurses practice ubiety: (1) anticipating and managing distractions, (2) putting my whole self in, (3) nurse self-preservation, (4) my nursing identity, and (5) favorable practice environment. Results of this study highlight the importance of developing skills to anticipate patient care needs and supporting individual self-preservation strategies for nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita K Amoah
- Tan Chingfen Graduate School of Nursing, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Susan Sullivan-Bolyai
- Tan Chingfen Graduate School of Nursing, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jesica Pagano-Therrien
- Tan Chingfen Graduate School of Nursing, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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Suchanecki L, Goutaudier N. Childbirth as an anticipated trauma during pregnancy: pretraumatic stress symptoms in primiparous women. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2022:1-13. [PMID: 36266766 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2022.2137118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Women can develop anticipated traumatic reactions related to the forthcoming delivery through "pretraumatic stress" symptoms. The present study aims at: a) exploring the frequency of probable pretraumatic stress disorder in primiparous pregnant women, b) evidencing associated features of pretraumatic stress symptoms and c) exploring which specific components of antenatal anxiety are associated with pretraumatic stress symptoms. METHODS A sample of 100 primiparous pregnant women completed an online questionnaire assessing pretraumatic stress, fear of childbirth, depressive and anxiety symptoms. Socio-demographic and pregnancy-related data were also gathered. RESULTS 8 % of women met all criteria for probable pretraumatic stress disorder. Increased depressive symptoms (ß = 0.48, p< .05), childbirth concerns (ß = 0.47, p< .05) and worry about self (ß = 0.74; p< .05) were associated with the intensity of pretraumatic stress disorder symptoms. CONCLUSION This study contributes to the very limited literature on pretraumatic stress symptoms. Thus, it is noteworthy that pretraumatic stress is not a reactivation of a former postpartum PTSD or associated with a prior negative experience of childbirth. Future studies conducted on primiparous women with no history of traumatic exposure could allow to provide additional evidences of the existence of anticipated traumatic reactions of childbirth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Suchanecki
- Department of Psychology, Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l'Apprentissage -UMR CNRS 7295, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Nelly Goutaudier
- Department of Psychology, Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l'Apprentissage -UMR CNRS 7295, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
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Bierbach D, Gómez-Nava L, Francisco FA, Lukas J, Musiolek L, Hafner VV, Landgraf T, Romanczuk P, Krause J. Live fish learn to anticipate the movement of a fish-like robot . Bioinspir Biomim 2022; 17:065007. [PMID: 36044889 DOI: 10.1088/1748-3190/ac8e3e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The ability of an individual to predict the outcome of the actions of others and to change their own behavior adaptively is called anticipation. There are many examples from mammalian species-including humans-that show anticipatory abilities in a social context, however, it is not clear to what extent fishes can anticipate the actions of their interaction partners or what the underlying mechanisms are for that anticipation. To answer these questions, we let live guppies (Poecilia reticulata) interact repeatedly with an open-loop (noninteractive) biomimetic robot that has previously been shown to be an accepted conspecific. The robot always performed the same zigzag trajectory in the experimental tank that ended in one of the corners, giving the live fish the opportunity to learn both the location of the final destination as well as the specific turning movement of the robot over three consecutive trials. The live fish's reactions were categorized into a global anticipation, which we defined as relative time to reach the robot's final corner, and a local anticipation which was the relative time and location of the live fish's turns relative to robofish turns. As a proxy for global anticipation, we found that live fish in the last trial reached the robot's destination corner significantly earlier than the robot. Overall, more than 50% of all fish arrived at the destination before the robot. This is more than a random walk model would predict and significantly more compared to all other equidistant, yet unvisited, corners. As a proxy for local anticipation, we found fish change their turning behavior in response to the robot over the course of the trials. Initially, the fish would turn after the robot, which was reversed in the end, as they began to turn slightly before the robot in the final trial. Our results indicate that live fish are able to anticipate predictably behaving social partners both in regard to final movement locations as well as movement dynamics. Given that fish have been found to exhibit consistent behavioral differences, anticipation in fish could have evolved as a mechanism to adapt to different social interaction partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bierbach
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Thaer-Institute, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
- Excellence Cluster 'Science of Intelligence', Technische Universität Berlin, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Luis Gómez-Nava
- Excellence Cluster 'Science of Intelligence', Technische Universität Berlin, 10587 Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Theoretical Biology, Department of Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Fritz A Francisco
- Excellence Cluster 'Science of Intelligence', Technische Universität Berlin, 10587 Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Theoretical Biology, Department of Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Juliane Lukas
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Thaer-Institute, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lea Musiolek
- Excellence Cluster 'Science of Intelligence', Technische Universität Berlin, 10587 Berlin, Germany
- Adaptive Systems Group, Department of Computer Science, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany
| | - Verena V Hafner
- Excellence Cluster 'Science of Intelligence', Technische Universität Berlin, 10587 Berlin, Germany
- Adaptive Systems Group, Department of Computer Science, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany
| | - Tim Landgraf
- Excellence Cluster 'Science of Intelligence', Technische Universität Berlin, 10587 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pawel Romanczuk
- Excellence Cluster 'Science of Intelligence', Technische Universität Berlin, 10587 Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Theoretical Biology, Department of Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Krause
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Thaer-Institute, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
- Excellence Cluster 'Science of Intelligence', Technische Universität Berlin, 10587 Berlin, Germany
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Thomas JL, Broadbent DP, Gredin NV, Fawver BJ, Williams AM. Skill-Based Differences in the Detection and Utilization of Opponent Action Preferences Following Increasing Exposure and Changes in Tendencies. J Sport Exerc Psychol 2022; 44:370-381. [PMID: 36041730 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2021-0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We examined skill-based differences in the detection and utilization of contextual information over a period of increasing exposure to an opponent's action preferences in soccer. Moreover, we investigated the ability of athletes to adapt to changes in these action preferences over time. In an initial detection phase, the attacking opponent demonstrated a proclivity to either pass or dribble, with these preferences being reversed in a subsequent adaptation phase of the same length. Skilled soccer players showed superior anticipation accuracy across both phases compared with less-skilled counterparts. The skilled participants significantly enhanced their performance over both phases, despite a significant drop in performance immediately following the change in opponent action preferences. In contrast, the less-skilled group only improved over the detection phase. Gaze data revealed that the skilled participants fixated more on kinematically relevant areas, compared with the less-skilled group, and increased the time spent fixating the player "off the ball" following greater volumes of exposure. Our novel findings elaborate on how skilled performers use both action preferences and motion information to anticipate an opponent's impending actions in sport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Thomas
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT,USA
- Real Salt Lake, Salt Lake City, UT,USA
| | - David P Broadbent
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Division of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge,United Kingdom
| | - N Viktor Gredin
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad,Sweden
| | - Bradley J Fawver
- U.S. Army Medical Research Directorate-West, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Tacoma, WA,USA
| | - A Mark Williams
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT,USA
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Daspe MÈ, Arbel R, Rasmussen HF, Margolin G. Dating Aggression and Observed Behaviors in a Nonconflictual Situation: The Role of Negative Anticipation. J Interpers Violence 2022; 37:NP18215-NP18237. [PMID: 34344216 PMCID: PMC9554276 DOI: 10.1177/08862605211035877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Past observational studies highlight meaningful behavioral differences between aggressive and nonaggressive couples during conflict interactions. However, research is needed on how aggressive couples communicate in other, nonconflictual interactional contexts. This study investigates how dating partners' perpetration of physical aggression relates to observed behaviors during a laboratory-based discussion during which dating couples planned a date together. We also investigated whether negative anticipation of the upcoming discussion influences dating partners' observed behaviors. Results showed that perpetration of dating aggression from one partner is linked to more negative behaviors from the other partner during the discussion. This association, however, is moderated by negative anticipation of the discussion; the link between aggression from one's partner and negative behaviors is significant at high levels (+1 SD) but not at low levels (-1 SD)of negative anticipation. One's own dating aggression also relates to fewer positive behaviors during the discussion. Findings suggest that couple aggression spills over to and potentially degrades the discussion of even nonthreatening, potentially enjoyable communications. Results also underscore negative anticipation of an interaction as a potential risky process that increases the likelihood of antagonistic exchanges between partners. The discussion addresses putative pathways between partner aggression and generalized communication patterns, and potential bi-directional effects with negative anticipation. We also discuss practical implications and targets of intervention to counteract the establishment of problematic communication dynamics in young couples.
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Manelis A, Halchenko YO, Satz S, Ragozzino R, Iyengar S, Swartz HA, Levine MD. The interaction between depression diagnosis and BMI is related to altered activation pattern in the right inferior frontal gyrus and anterior cingulate cortex during food anticipation. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2695. [PMID: 35962573 PMCID: PMC9480896 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression and overweight/obesity often cooccur but the underlying neural mechanisms for this bidirectional link are not well understood. METHODS In this functional magnetic resonance imaging study, we scanned 54 individuals diagnosed with depressive disorders (DD) and 48 healthy controls (HC) to examine how diagnostic status moderates the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and brain activation during anticipation and pleasantness rating of food versus nonfood stimuli. RESULTS We found a significant BMI-by-diagnosis interaction effect on activation in the right inferior frontal gyrus (RIFG) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) during food versus nonfood anticipation (p < .0125). Brain activation in these regions was greater in HC with higher BMI than in HC with lower BMI. Individuals with DD showed an opposite pattern of activation. Structural equation modeling revealed that the relationship between BMI, activation in the RIFG and ACC, and participants' desire to eat food items shown in the experiment depended on the diagnostic status. CONCLUSIONS Considering that food anticipation is an important component of appetitive behavior and that the RIFG and ACC are involved in emotion regulation, response inhibition and conflict monitoring necessary to control this behavior, we propose that future clinical trials targeting weight loss in DD should investigate whether adequate mental preparation positively affects subsequent food consumption behaviors in these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Manelis
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvania
| | - YO Halchenko
- Department of Psychological and Brain SciencesDartmouth CollegeHanoverNew Hampshire
| | - S Satz
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvania
| | - R Ragozzino
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvania
| | - S Iyengar
- Department of StatisticsUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvania
| | - HA Swartz
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvania
| | - MD Levine
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvania
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Jackson ES, Dravida S, Zhang X, Noah JA, Gracco V, Hirsch J. Activation in Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Underlies Stuttering Anticipation. Neurobiol Lang (Camb) 2022; 3:469-494. [PMID: 37216062 PMCID: PMC10158639 DOI: 10.1162/nol_a_00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
People who stutter learn to anticipate many of their overt stuttering events. Despite the critical role of anticipation, particularly how responses to anticipation shape stuttering behaviors, the neural bases associated with anticipation are unknown. We used a novel approach to identify anticipated and unanticipated words, which were produced by 22 adult stutterers in a delayed-response task while hemodynamic activity was measured using functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Twenty-two control participants were included such that each individualized set of anticipated and unanticipated words was produced by one stutterer and one control participant. We conducted an analysis on the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (R-DLPFC) based on converging lines of evidence from the stuttering and cognitive control literatures. We also assessed connectivity between the R-DLPFC and right supramarginal gyrus (R-SMG), two key nodes of the frontoparietal network (FPN), to assess the role of cognitive control, and particularly error-likelihood monitoring, in stuttering anticipation. All analyses focused on the five-second anticipation phase preceding the go signal to produce speech. The results indicate that anticipated words are associated with elevated activation in the R-DLPFC, and that compared to non-stutterers, stutterers exhibit greater activity in the R-DLPFC, irrespective of anticipation. Further, anticipated words are associated with reduced connectivity between the R-DLPFC and R-SMG. These findings highlight the potential roles of the R-DLPFC and the greater FPN as a neural substrate of stuttering anticipation. The results also support previous accounts of error-likelihood monitoring and action-stopping in stuttering anticipation. Overall, this work offers numerous directions for future research with clinical implications for targeted neuromodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric S. Jackson
- Department of Communicative Sciences and Disorders, New York University, New York, USA
| | - Swethasri Dravida
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Xian Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - J. Adam Noah
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Vincent Gracco
- Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, USA
- McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Joy Hirsch
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
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Urueña S. Anticipation and modal power: Opening up and closing down the momentum of sociotechnical systems. Soc Stud Sci 2022; 52:3063127221111469. [PMID: 35934971 DOI: 10.1177/03063127221111469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Within STS, there are three approaches to the creation and mobilization of futures: descriptive, normative, and interventive. Visions, expectations, and imaginaries are currently seen as anticipatory artifacts that close down the momentum of sociotechnical systems and, as such, are objects of critical scrutiny. At the same time, interventive techniques engaging with future representations are considered to be useful anticipatory instruments for opening up ranges of envisaged alternatives. This article reviews STS advances concerning the performativity of both de facto and interventive anticipatory practices in shaping the momentum of sociotechnical systems in light of the phenomenon of modal power: the modulation dynamics of what actors deem to be (im)plausible and/or (un)desirable. The diverse attempts of STS scholars and practitioners to understand, critique, and engage with the politics of opening up and closing down the momentum of sociotechnical systems require engaging with the creation, mobilization, and execution of modal power. The heuristics presented here are intended to be useful in framing and recognizing the political-epistemic radicality that the creation and mobilization of sociotechnical futures holds in the constitution of our sociotechnical orders as well as the role that the attribution of (im)plausibility or (un)desirability plays in such processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Urueña
- University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
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Timutsa DR, Mendelevich VD. Peculiarities of personality adaption to psychological traumas in neurotic disorders. J Popul Ther Clin Pharmacol 2022; 29:e80-e86. [PMID: 36196941 DOI: 10.47750/jptcp.2022.942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM It is known that anticipatory processes play a leading role in the regulation of behavior. These processes act as a leading mechanism of the link in the mental regulation of behavior and activity. Violation of processes anticipates to a mismatch in the work of the adaption system, and, as a result, to maladaptive behavior. However, many issues related to the detection of anticipation disorders in various manifestations of diseases have been insufficiently studied. The features of individual prognosis depending on diseases are studied here. MATERIALS AND METHODS As part of the work, 29 people were examined, of which 25 (86.2%) were women and 4 (13.8%) were men with a diagnosis of "adaptive reaction disorder" from the ICD-10 section "Neurotic and stress-related disorders" (F43.2) at the age of 20-65 years. Clinical-psychopathological and experimental-psychological research methods were applied (V.D. Mendelevich's test of anticipation, L.A. Regush's "Ability to predict" test, Lazarus' coping test, clinical questionnaire for the identification and evaluation of neurotic states). Statistical analysis was carried out using the program "IBM SPSS Statistics 25." The Shapiro-Wilk criterion, Pearson's chi-squared test, Fisher's exact criterion, Student's t-criterion, Mann-Whitney U criterion, Kruskal-Wallis H criterion, Pearson correlation, Spearman's correlation, and diagrams (columnar and span) were used. RESULTS The presence of solvency in general anticipation reduced the severity of coping strategies «distancing» (P = 0.048, r = -0.371) and «escape - avoiding» (P = 0.048, r = -0.370), also personal-situational anticipatory consistency reduced severity of «escape - avoiding» (P = 0.017, r = -0.438). CONCLUSION The anticipatory abilities and coping strategies in disorder of adaptive reactions were correlated. Patients with developed anticipation abilities are less likely to use no constructive coping strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina R Timutsa
- Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Kazan State Medical University Kazan, Kazan, Russian federation;
| | - Vladimir D Mendelevich
- Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Kazan State Medical University Kazan, Kazan, Russian federation
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Wingrove J, O'Daly O, De Lara Rubio A, Hill S, Swedroska M, Forbes B, Amiel S, Zelaya F. The influence of insulin on anticipation and consummatory reward to food intake: A functional imaging study on healthy normal weight and overweight subjects employing intranasal insulin delivery. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 43:5432-5451. [PMID: 35860945 PMCID: PMC9704782 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant responses within homeostatic, hedonic and cognitive systems contribute to poor appetite control in those with an overweight phenotype. The hedonic system incorporates limbic and meso-limbic regions involved in learning and reward processing, as well as cortical regions involved in motivation, decision making and gustatory processing. Equally important within this complex, multifaceted framework are the cognitive systems involved in inhibitory control and valuation of food choices. Regions within these systems display insulin receptors and pharmacologically increasing central insulin concentrations using intranasal administration (IN-INS) has been shown to significantly reduce appealing food cue responsiveness and also food intake. In this work we describe a placebo-controlled crossover pharmacological functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study that looks at how IN-INS (160 IU) affects anticipatory and consummatory responses to sweet stimuli and importantly how these responses differ between healthy normal weight and overweight male individuals. This work shows that age matched normal weight and overweight (not obese) individuals respond similarly to both the anticipation and receipt of sweet stimuli under placebo conditions. However, increased central insulin concentrations produce marked differences between groups when anticipating sweet stimuli within the prefrontal cortex and midbrain as well as observed differences in the amygdala during consummatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jed Wingrove
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and Neuroscience King's College LondonLondonUK,Centre for Obesity Research, Department of MedicineUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Owen O'Daly
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and Neuroscience King's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Alfonso De Lara Rubio
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and Neuroscience King's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Simon Hill
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and Neuroscience King's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Magda Swedroska
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Ben Forbes
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Stephanie Amiel
- Diabetes Research Group, Weston Education CentreKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Fernando Zelaya
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and Neuroscience King's College LondonLondonUK
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He JL, Hirst RJ, Puri R, Coxon J, Byblow W, Hinder M, Skippen P, Matzke D, Heathcote A, Wadsley CG, Silk T, Hyde C, Parmar D, Pedapati E, Gilbert DL, Huddleston DA, Mostofsky S, Leunissen I, MacDonald HJ, Chowdhury NS, Gretton M, Nikitenko T, Zandbelt B, Strickland L, Puts NAJ. OSARI, an Open-Source Anticipated Response Inhibition Task. Behav Res Methods 2022; 54:1530-1540. [PMID: 34751923 PMCID: PMC9170665 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-021-01680-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The stop-signal paradigm has become ubiquitous in investigations of inhibitory control. Tasks inspired by the paradigm, referred to as stop-signal tasks, require participants to make responses on go trials and to inhibit those responses when presented with a stop-signal on stop trials. Currently, the most popular version of the stop-signal task is the 'choice-reaction' variant, where participants make choice responses, but must inhibit those responses when presented with a stop-signal. An alternative to the choice-reaction variant of the stop-signal task is the 'anticipated response inhibition' task. In anticipated response inhibition tasks, participants are required to make a planned response that coincides with a predictably timed event (such as lifting a finger from a computer key to stop a filling bar at a predefined target). Anticipated response inhibition tasks have some advantages over the more traditional choice-reaction stop-signal tasks and are becoming increasingly popular. However, currently, there are no openly available versions of the anticipated response inhibition task, limiting potential uptake. Here, we present an open-source, free, and ready-to-use version of the anticipated response inhibition task, which we refer to as the OSARI (the Open-Source Anticipated Response Inhibition) task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason L He
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, Camberwell, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
| | - Rebecca J Hirst
- The Drug research University of Tasmania Group, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Trinity College School of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rohan Puri
- Open Science Tools (PsychoPy) lab, School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - James Coxon
- Sensorimotor Neuroscience and Ageing Research Group, School of Psychological Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Winston Byblow
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mark Hinder
- Open Science Tools (PsychoPy) lab, School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Patrick Skippen
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Movement Neuroscience Laboratory, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Dora Matzke
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andrew Heathcote
- Department of Psychology, Psychological Methods, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Corey G Wadsley
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tim Silk
- School of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Christian Hyde
- School of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Dinisha Parmar
- School of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Ernest Pedapati
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Donald L Gilbert
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David A Huddleston
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stewart Mostofsky
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Center for Autism and Related Disorders, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Inge Leunissen
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Hayley J MacDonald
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6229, ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nahian S Chowdhury
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Movement Neuroscience Laboratory, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Matthew Gretton
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Tess Nikitenko
- Open Science Tools (PsychoPy) lab, School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Bram Zandbelt
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition & Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Luke Strickland
- Future of Work Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Nicolaas A J Puts
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, Camberwell, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, UK
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