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Kesting S, Gaser D, Queisser J, Götte M, von Luettichau I, Peters C, Oberhoffer-Fritz R, Gauß G. Availability and adaption of exercise programs in pediatric oncology during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond: a nationwide follow-up survey of providers in Germany. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1372261. [PMID: 38586153 PMCID: PMC10995395 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1372261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has presented major challenges to clinical practice and delivery of care programs throughout all health care systems. Exercise programs, that are implemented in most centers for pediatric oncology in Germany, are a relatively new care program however with high clinical impact and health benefits. Objective The impact and consequences of the pandemic on the delivery and availability of exercise programs in Germany for pediatric cancer patients and survivors are unknown. A national survey analyzed restrictions, challenges and novel approaches of exercise program delivery and scientific research. Method A two-stage online survey was distributed to providers of exercise programs (acute clinics, non-clinical institutions, rehabilitation facilities) via the established Network ActiveOncoKids. Data was collected during the pandemic in 2022 and 2023 using a combination of open and closed questions. Results In total, n = 27 (response rate: 82%) and n = 17 (response rate: 63%) providers participated in the first and second survey, respectively. Findings pointed out restrictions in 85% of all exercise programs in 2020 and 2021, with slight reductions in 2022. During pandemic, restrictions with major impact arose within exercise offers during follow-up and declined gradually. Whereas restrictions within the setting of acute therapy had medium or minor impact but persisted beyond. Delivery of provided exercise programs necessitated adaptions, including digital methods, supervised interventions from a distance and change of locations. Discussion The findings highlight the adaptability, the demand and the potential of exercise programs in pediatric oncology. We assume that exercise professionals have used the pandemic-related challenges to review and modify existing concepts and made adaptations according to local conditions and novel tools for the provision of exercise programs. Nevertheless, a conspicuous lack of exercise-related care has become evident in certain patients and survivors. Further expansion of programs is imperative to address and accommodate all pertinent needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Kesting
- Department of Pediatrics and Children's Cancer Research Centre, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department Health and Sport Sciences, Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Children’s Oncology Network Bavaria, KioNet, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dominik Gaser
- Department of Pediatrics and Children's Cancer Research Centre, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department Health and Sport Sciences, Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Children’s Oncology Network Bavaria, KioNet, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jennifer Queisser
- Department of Pediatrics and Children's Cancer Research Centre, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department Health and Sport Sciences, Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Miriam Götte
- Clinic of Pediatrics III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- West German Cancer Center Essen, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Irene von Luettichau
- Department of Pediatrics and Children's Cancer Research Centre, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Children’s Oncology Network Bavaria, KioNet, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christiane Peters
- Department Health and Sport Sciences, Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Renate Oberhoffer-Fritz
- Department Health and Sport Sciences, Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriele Gauß
- Clinic of Pediatrics III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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Sonoda Y, Tobita R, Ikeda Y, Taga T. Effect of Early Physical Therapy on Children of School Age With Hematological Cancer: A Quasi-Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. Pediatr Phys Ther 2024; 36:80-86. [PMID: 37816168 DOI: 10.1097/pep.0000000000001061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although physical therapy (PT) positively impacts exercise capacity and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in children with hematological cancers, the optimal time for intervention is unknown. We compared the effects of PT administered before and after initial cancer treatment on the exercise capacity and HRQOL of children with hematological cancer. METHODS The participants were allocated to early (before initiating treatment) and late PT (after initiating treatment) groups. We evaluated exercise capacity using the 6-min walking distance (6MWD) test and HRQOL using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory. RESULTS Thirteen school children (7-13 years) were included. The early PT cohort had significant improvements in Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory but not 6MWD scores from admission to the completion of initial treatment; however, both scores reduced significantly in the late PT cohort. CONCLUSIONS Early rather than late PT during hospitalization might prevent reduced exercise capacity and improve HRQOL in children with hematological cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuma Sonoda
- Advanced Research Center for Well-being (Dr Sonoda), Kobe University, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Rehabilitation Units (Mr Tobita), Shiga University of Medical Science Hospital, Otsu, Shiga, Japan; Department of Pediatrics (Drs Ikeda and Taga), Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
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Tao D, Awan-Scully R, Ash GI, Gu Y, Pei Z, Gao Y, Cole A, Supriya R, Sun Y, Xu R, Baker JS. Health policy considerations for combining exercise prescription into noncommunicable diseases treatment: a narrative literature review. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1219676. [PMID: 37849722 PMCID: PMC10577435 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1219676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives In this review, we aim to highlight the evidence base for the benefits of exercise in relation to the treatment of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), draw on the Health Triangular Policy Framework to outline the principal facilitators and barriers for implementing exercise in health policy, and make concrete suggestions for action. Methods Literature review and framework analysis were conducted to deal with the research questions. Results Exercise prescription is a safe solution for noncommunicable diseases prevention and treatment that enables physicians to provide and instruct patients how to apply exercise as an important aspect of disease treatment and management. Combining exercise prescription within routine care, in inpatient and outpatient settings, will improve patients' life quality and fitness levels. Conclusion Inserting exercise prescription into the healthcare system would improve population health status and healthy lifestyles. The suggestions outlined in this study need combined efforts from the medical profession, governments, and policymakers to facilitate practice into reality in the healthcare arena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Tao
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Research Academy of Medicine Combining Sports, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
- Department of Government and International Studies, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Roger Awan-Scully
- Department of Government and International Studies, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Garrett I. Ash
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
- Center for Pain, Research, Informatics, Medical Comorbidities and Education Center (PRIME), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Research Academy of Medicine Combining Sports, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhong Pei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Sports, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alistair Cole
- Department of Government and International Studies, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rashmi Supriya
- Department of Sports, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Sports, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rui Xu
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Julien S. Baker
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Research Academy of Medicine Combining Sports, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
- Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Belle FN, Schindera C, Ansari M, Armstrong GT, Beck‐Popovic M, Howell R, Leisenring WM, Meacham LR, Rössler J, Spycher BD, Tonorezos E, von der Weid NX, Yasui Y, Oeffinger KC, Kuehni CE. Risk factors for overweight and obesity after childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in North America and Switzerland: A comparison of two cohort studies. Cancer Med 2023; 12:20423-20436. [PMID: 37807946 PMCID: PMC10652345 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND After childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), sequelae include overweight and obesity, yet with conflicting evidence. We compared the prevalence of overweight and obesity between ≥5-year ALL survivors from the North American Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS) and the Swiss Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (SCCSS) and described risk factors. METHODS We included adult childhood ALL survivors diagnosed between 1976 and 1999. We matched CCSS participants (3:1) to SCCSS participants by sex and attained age. We calculated body mass index (BMI) from self-reported height and weight for 1287 CCSS and 429 SCCSS participants; we then compared those with siblings (2034) in North America and Switzerland (678) siblings. We assessed risk factors for overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2 ) and obesity (≥30 kg/m2 ) using multinomial regression. RESULTS We found overweight and obesity significantly more common among survivors in North America when compared with survivors in Switzerland [overweight: 30%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 27-32 vs. 24%, 21-29; obesity: 29%, 27-32 vs. 7%, 5-10] and siblings (overweight: 30%, 27-32 vs. 25%, 22-29; obesity: 24%, 22-26 vs. 6%, 4-8). Survivors in North America [odds ratio (OR) = 1.24, 1.01-1.53] and Switzerland (1.27, 0.74-2.21) were slightly more often obese than siblings. Among survivors, risk factors for obesity included residency in North America (5.8, 3.7-9.0); male (1.7, 1.3-2.3); attained age (≥45 years: 5.1, 2.4-10.8); Non-Hispanic Black (3.4, 1.6-7.0); low household income (2.3, 1.4-3.5); young age at diagnosis (1.6, 1.1-2.2). Cranial radiotherapy ≥18 Gray was only a risk factor for overweight (1.4, 1.0-1.8); steroids were not associated with overweight or obesity. Interaction tests found no evidence of difference in risk factors between cohorts. CONCLUSIONS Although treatment-related risk for overweight and obesity were similar between regions, higher prevalence among survivors in North America identifies important sociodemographic drivers for informing health policy and targeted intervention trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiën N. Belle
- Childhood Cancer Research Group, Institute of Social and Preventive MedicineUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté)University of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Christina Schindera
- Childhood Cancer Research Group, Institute of Social and Preventive MedicineUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
- Division of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, University Children's Hospital BaselUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Marc Ansari
- Division of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Department of Women, Child and Adolescent, University Geneva Hospitals, Cansearch Research platform for pediatric oncology and hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and ObstetricsUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Gregory T. Armstrong
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer ControlSt. Jude Children's Research HospitalTennesseeMemphisUSA
| | - Maja Beck‐Popovic
- Pediatric Hematology‐Oncology UnitUniversity Hospital (CHUV)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Rebecca Howell
- Department of Radiation PhysicsThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | | | - Lillian R. Meacham
- Aflac Cancer CenterChildren's Healthcare of Atlanta/Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Jochen Rössler
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital BernUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Ben D. Spycher
- Childhood Cancer Research Group, Institute of Social and Preventive MedicineUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Emily Tonorezos
- Division of Cancer Control and Population SciencesNational Cancer InstituteRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Nicolas X. von der Weid
- Division of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, University Children's Hospital BaselUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Yutaka Yasui
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer ControlSt. Jude Children's Research HospitalTennesseeMemphisUSA
| | - Kevin C. Oeffinger
- Department of MedicineDuke University and Duke Cancer InstituteDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Claudia E. Kuehni
- Childhood Cancer Research Group, Institute of Social and Preventive MedicineUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital BernUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
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Carniel CF, Rosin BM, de Souza BC, Raimundo RD. Pediatric oncohematological exercise program in hospital: clinical trial study protocol. Future Oncol 2023; 19:1385-1395. [PMID: 37497690 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2023-0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukemias are the most common types of hematological cancers in children, and negatively impact functional capacity. There is evidence in the literature that therapeutic exercises can have a positive impact on functions. The aim of this study is to evaluate functional capacity, muscle strength, fatigue and quality of life through the application of a protocol of therapeutic exercises during pediatric leukemia hospitalization. Children will be allocated into two groups: one will carry out a protocol of therapeutic exercises, while the other will undergo conventional respiratory physiotherapy. The protocol is approved by the ethics and research committee of the host institution (No. 5.439.594). Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journal articles and conferences. Clinical trial registration: RBR-8sxnfyd (https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia Freire Carniel
- Laboratório de Delineamento de Estudos e Escrita Científica, Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André, São Paulo, 09060-590, Brazil
| | - Beatriz M Rosin
- Laboratório de Delineamento de Estudos e Escrita Científica, Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André, São Paulo, 09060-590, Brazil
| | - Bruna Cunha de Souza
- Laboratório de Delineamento de Estudos e Escrita Científica, Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André, São Paulo, 09060-590, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Daminello Raimundo
- Laboratório de Delineamento de Estudos e Escrita Científica, Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André, São Paulo, 09060-590, Brazil
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Inpatient Physical Therapy After Orthopedic Lower Extremity Surgery in Children With Cerebral Palsy. Pediatr Phys Ther 2023; 35:57-64. [PMID: 36638029 DOI: 10.1097/pep.0000000000000970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To characterize and examine the variability in receipt of inpatient (IP) physical therapy after lower extremity (LE) orthopedic surgery for individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) across hospital-level (region, bed size) and individual characteristics (gender, age, race/ethnicity, insurance type, technology dependency, and surgical burden). METHODS We retrospectively analyzed physical therapy billing data of children with CP who had LE orthopedic surgery from October 1, 2015, through September 30, 2017, from the Pediatric Health Information Services (PHIS) database. RESULTS Seventy-five percent of individuals received IP physical therapy during the hospital stay. Individuals from the South and West and those who were technology dependent were less likely to receive IP therapy. Those at large hospitals, aged 11 to 14 years, and with a high surgical burden were more likely to receive therapy. CONCLUSIONS Results provide a starting point for future research on the discrepancies of acute physical therapy services in children diagnosed with CP. (Supplemental digital content video abstract available at: http://links.lww.com/PPT/A420).
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Götte M, Gauß G, Dirksen U, Driever PH, Basu O, Baumann FT, Wiskemann J, Boos J, Kesting SV. Multidisciplinary Network ActiveOncoKids guidelines for providing movement and exercise in pediatric oncology: Consensus-based recommendations. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2022; 69:e29953. [PMID: 36073842 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric cancer leads to reduced participation in exercise and only few patients comply with national physical activity recommendations. Physically inactive behavior hinders motor development and increases physical and psychological adverse effects of therapy and incidence of sequelae. Currently, there is neither nationwide coverage nor uniform level of knowledge regarding exercise promotion. The objective of the guideline is to facilitate qualified exercise interventions through standardized procedures in addition to regular physiotherapy and overall avoid physical inactivity in pediatric cancer patients. METHODS This guideline addresses the multidisciplinary treatment team and informs physiotherapists and decision-makers in tertiary care hospitals and health insurance companies. The requirements of the Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany were followed. Contents were based on best practice experience of experts, patient advocates, as well as on scientific evidence. RESULTS The guideline includes 11 recommendations. Recommendations 1-4 declare the relevance of implementing exercise interventions and address general framework conditions. Recommendations 5-11 focus on the design of exercise programs, prevention and safety issues, relative contraindications for specific training loads, and options to overcome barriers to exercise. CONCLUSION This guideline summarizes existing and established structures and evidence in the context of movement and exercise in pediatric oncology. It takes into consideration the rights, varying needs, and characteristics of children and adolescents as well as national and international experience in this field. In the future, relevant research gaps need to be addressed by high-quality intervention studies to provide the scientific background for a stronger evidence-based guideline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Götte
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Clinic for Pediatrics III, West German Cancer Centre, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Gabriele Gauß
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Clinic for Pediatrics III, West German Cancer Centre, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Uta Dirksen
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Clinic for Pediatrics III, West German Cancer Centre, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Pablo Hernáiz Driever
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Basu
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Clinic for Pediatrics III, West German Cancer Centre, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Freerk T Baumann
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Dusseldorf, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Joachim Wiskemann
- Working Group Exercise Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, University Clinic Heidelberg and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joachim Boos
- Faculty of Medicine, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sabine Verena Kesting
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics and Children's Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Grimshaw SL, Taylor NF, Conyers R, Shields N. Promoting positive physical activity behaviors for children and adolescents undergoing acute cancer treatment: Development of the CanMOVE intervention using the Behavior Change Wheel. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:980890. [PMID: 36313891 PMCID: PMC9607881 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.980890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing participation in physical activity has the potential to improve outcomes for children and adolescents with cancer during treatment and into survivorship. The aim of this study is to outline the theoretical process behind development of CanMOVE, a behavior change intervention designed to increase physical activity for children and adolescents with cancer. Study design This study followed a theoretical design process consistent with the Behavior Change Wheel to inform the design of a complex intervention. Materials and methods The three stages of the Behavior Change Wheel intervention design process include: (1) understanding physical activity behavior within the pediatric cancer setting, (2) identifying potential intervention functions, and (3) identifying appropriate behavior change and implementation strategies. Qualitative and behavior change literature relevant to the pediatric cancer treatment setting were used to inform each stage. Results An individualized and flexible approach to physical activity promotion that considers intrinsic factors specific to the child/adolescent and their environment is required. Fifteen behavioral change strategies were identified to form the intervention components of CanMOVE. Implementation strategies were identified to build motivation, opportunity and capacity toward increasing physical activity behaviors. Key intervention components of CanMOVE include standardized assessment and monitoring (physical activity, physical function, and health-related quality of life), provision of an activity monitor to both child/adolescent and parent, and one-on-one capacity building sessions with a healthcare professional. Capacity building sessions include education, goal setting, an active supervised physical activity session, barrier identification and problem solving, and action planning. Conclusion CanMOVE is a novel approach to physical activity promotion in the pediatric cancer treatment setting. The use of a theoretical intervention design process will aid evaluation and replication of CanMOVE when it is assessed for feasibility in a clinical setting. The design process utilized here can be used as a guide for future intervention development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L. Grimshaw
- School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicholas F. Taylor
- School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rachel Conyers
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nora Shields
- School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Kohler BE, Sandler CX, Baque E, Bradford NK, Trost SG. Therapeutic exercise interventions in pediatric survivors of brain cancer and other solid tumors: A scoping review. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:979292. [PMID: 36210932 PMCID: PMC9535626 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.979292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Improved survival rates for children with solid tumors presents an ongoing challenge of how to maximize quality of survivorship and effectively manage the short- and long-term complications of disease and treatment. To gain an understanding of the extent and nature of research pertaining to therapeutic exercise interventions and identify knowledge gaps, we conducted a scoping review of exercise training studies conducted in pediatric survivors of brain cancer and other solid tumors. Method A systematic literature search was performed across four electronic databases. Papers were selected for full-text review if they included participants treated for brain cancer or other solid tumors, with at least 50% of participants aged ≤ 21 years, evaluated an exercise intervention ≥2-weeks in duration, and were published in an English, peer-reviewed journal. We included the following quantitative study designs; randomized controlled trials, non-randomized trials, and single-arm pre-test-post-test. Results Of the 7,482 citations identified, 17 papers met the inclusion criteria (presenting findings from eleven studies). Two studies were randomized controlled trials, five studies were non-randomized controlled trials, and four studies were a single-arm pre-test post-test design. Average age of participants ranged from 7.3-15.5 years, and time since diagnosis ranged from 3 to 70 months. Five studies included participants with brain tumors exclusively, three studies included other solid tumors, and three studies included a mixed sample (brain and other solid tumors). A wide range of exercise modalities were employed, including cycle ergometry, resistance training, sport, yoga, and active gaming. The length of the exercise program ranged from 3-40 weeks and frequency from 3-11 sessions per week. Exercise session duration ranged from 15-180 min, with most studies reporting 30-90-min sessions. Adherence ranged from 77 to 100%, with none of the studies reporting adverse events. Studies reported improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness, functional strength, physical activity, and quality of life. Conclusions A small number of mostly low methodological quality studies have examined the effects of therapeutic exercise in pediatric survivors of solid tumors. Although limited, the extant literature supports the feasibility and safety of therapeutic exercise interventions for pediatric survivors of brain cancer and other solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke E. Kohler
- Faculty of Health at the Queensland Centre for Children's Health Research, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Carolina X. Sandler
- Sport and Exercise Science, School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- UNSW Fatigue Research Program, Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Emmah Baque
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia
| | - Natalie K. Bradford
- Faculty of Health at the Queensland Centre for Children's Health Research, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Cancer and Palliative Care Outcomes Centre, at Centre for Children's Health Research, Queensland University of Technology, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Stewart G. Trost
- Faculty of Health at the Queensland Centre for Children's Health Research, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Vyhlídal T, Dygrýn J, Pelclová J, Chmelík F. Movement behaviours in paediatric cancer survivors during recovery and school weeks. Front Oncol 2022; 12:971805. [PMID: 36172140 PMCID: PMC9510990 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.971805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Paediatric cancer survivors (PCS) are a high-risk population, who can suffer from late effects of their treatment, such as metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular conditions, secondary tumours. Optimal movement behaviours (e.g., limited sedentary behaviour [SB] and sufficient physical activity [PA]) can reduce the side effects or avoid late effects of their treatment. The aims of this study were to analyse movement behaviours and meeting the recommendation of 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) a day in Czech PCS, and to compare their movement behaviours during recovery and school weeks in relation to gender, age, and cancer type. Methods Twenty-six PCS aged 7-15 years in remission stage took part in the cross-sectional study. Movement behaviours were measured with Actigraph wGT3X+ accelerometers worn 24 hour/day for 20 consecutive days covering recovery week (13 days at recovery camp) and school week (7 days). Based on cancer types, the PCS were categorized into haematological malignancy or solid tumours group. Results In the PCS, movement behaviours differed between recovery and school weeks. During recovery week, the PCS showed less SB (451.8 vs. 552.3 min/day, p < 0.001) and spent more time on light PA (350.3 vs. 255.1 min/day, p < 0.001), moderate PA (73.2 vs. 37.4 min/day, p < 0.001), and vigorous PA (10.3 vs. 4.0 min/day p < 0.001) than during school week. The PA recommendation was met by 77% (n = 20) PCS during recovery week, but only by 15% (n = 4) individuals during school week. Conclusions The PCS recorded higher levels of PA and lower levels of SB during recovery week than during school week. If provided with appropriate conditions, PCS in the remission stage are able to reach the PA level recommended for the healthy population. Recovery week can be a suitable platform for gaining experience that PCS are able to meet the recommended PA level and could be an integral part of reconditioning and resocialization programmes for PCS after the completion of their treatment.
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Motor Functioning and Intelligence Quotient in Paediatric Survivors of a Fossa Posterior Tumor Following a Multidisciplinary Rehabilitation Program. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127083. [PMID: 35742337 PMCID: PMC9222681 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Short- and long-term consequences after treatment for childhood fossa posterior tumors are extensively reported in the literature; however, papers highlighting physical function throughout rehabilitation and its correlation with Intelligence Quotient (IQ) are sparse. This study aims to describe the physical functioning and IQ of these survivors, their progression during rehabilitation, and the association with histopathological tumor classification. Additionally, the correlation between gross motor functioning and cognitive functioning was investigated. METHODS This retrospective single-center cohort study included 56 children (35 (62.5%) males and 21 (37.5%) females, with an average age of 6.51 years (SD 4.13)) who followed a multidisciplinary program at the Child Rehabilitation Centre, Ghent University Hospital in the period from 2005 to 2020. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed with the use of non-parametric tests and linear regression to determine the relationship between gross motor functioning and IQ. RESULTS This report shows impaired motor and intelligence performance in children with a fossa posterior tumor. Although multidisciplinary rehabilitation is beneficial, it is not able to counteract the further decline of several motor skills and intelligence during oncological treatment, more specifically in children with a medulloblastoma. A correlation between gross motor function and total IQ was found. CONCLUSION Pediatric survivors of a fossa posterior tumor experience impaired physical and intellectual functions, with more decline during oncological treatment despite simultaneous multidisciplinary rehabilitation.
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Whole-body vibration training for inpatient children and adolescents receiving chemotherapy for first cancer diagnosis: an exploratory feasibility study. GERMAN JOURNAL OF EXERCISE AND SPORT RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12662-022-00820-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractWhole-body vibration (WBV) is a feasible and potentially beneficial exercise strategy for managing neuromuscular impairments like decreased strength or flexibility, mobility limitations and bone health in pediatric cancer survivors. However, as starting rehabilitation as early as possible is recommended to preserve physical function, this study investigated the feasibility of WBV for patients receiving cancer treatment for first cancer diagnosis. Eleven patients (various types of cancer, ages 7–17) participated in the supervised WBV intervention concomitant to acute cancer treatment, which involved chemotherapy. Training was implemented as part of a general exercise program and offered 3 days per week during hospitalization (warm-up, four progressive training exercises comprising 60–120 s, 21–27 Hz, 2 mm peak-to-peak-displacement). Feasibility, which was defined as the absence of WBV-related serious adverse events leading to study dropout, was primarily evaluated. Training documentation was additionally analyzed. As a main result, no serious adverse events leading to study dropout were reported. However, two incidents of bleeding (adverse events) were observed in patients with bleeding tendencies and low platelets (thrombocytes < 30,000/μL). After adjusting the platelet count threshold for WBV participation to 30,000/μL, no further incidents occurred. Moreover, due to WBV-related side effects like physical exhaustion, 11% of all training sessions had to be stopped and another 11% required reductions in the vibration load. Patients participated in 48% of the planned sessions. While main reasons for non-attendance were medical issues (35%), only few WBV sessions were missed, not completed or needed modifications due to motivational issues. Consequently, WBV seems to be feasible for inpatient pediatric patients receiving chemotherapy for first cancer diagnosis, given a sufficiently high platelet count of at least 30,000/μL. Although WBV tolerance and training motivation appear high, patient’s reduced medical condition during hospitalization can negatively impact training progression and attendance. Future research is required to confirm our findings on feasibility and to assess efficiency of WBV training for pediatric cancer patients receiving cancer treatment.
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13
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Kesting S, Weeber P, Schönfelder M, Pfluger A, Wackerhage H, von Luettichau I. A Bout of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) in Children and Adolescents during Acute Cancer Treatment-A Pilot Feasibility Study. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061468. [PMID: 35326619 PMCID: PMC8945900 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Low- and moderate-intensity exercise is safe and feasible during childhood cancer treatment. The feasibility of a bout of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in this population has not been analyzed to date. Pediatric cancer patients aged between 6 and 18 years were selected based on clinical conditions to perform ten sets of 15 s HIIT (>90% of estimated maximal heart rate (HRmax)) and 1 min active recovery on a bicycle ergometer within the first three chemotherapy courses. We assessed safety and feasibility criteria and the following parameters: perceived exertion rate, heart rate, and lactate and adrenaline concentrations. Out of 212 eligible patients, 11 patients aged 13.9 ± 3.6 years (n = 7 ♂) with lymphoma, leukemia, rhabdomyosarcoma, nephroblastoma, and synovial sarcoma completed the bout of HIIT without serious adverse events. During exercise, patients reached a BORG value maxima of 16 ± 1.2, and their heart rates rose from 78 ± 17 beats per minute (bpm) at rest to 178 ± 12 bpm after exercise (90 ± 6% estimated HRmax). The power-to-weight ratio was 2 ± 0.5 W/kg (watt per kilogram). Blood lactate concentrations increased from 1.09 ± 0.50 mmol/L (millimole per liter) at rest to 5.05 ± 1.88 mmol/L post-exercise. Our preliminary data suggest that HIIT is applicable only in a small number of childhood cancer patients. Individually adapted exercise protocols for patients with multiple impairments are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Kesting
- Kinderklinik München Schwabing, Department of Pediatrics and Children’s Cancer Research Center, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 80804 Munich, Germany; (P.W.); (I.v.L.)
- Chair of Preventive Pediatrics, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, Germany
- Pediatric Oncology Network Bavaria, KIONET Bavaria, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-89-3068-7411
| | - Peter Weeber
- Kinderklinik München Schwabing, Department of Pediatrics and Children’s Cancer Research Center, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 80804 Munich, Germany; (P.W.); (I.v.L.)
- Exercise Biology, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 80809 Munich, Germany; (M.S.); (A.P.)
| | - Martin Schönfelder
- Exercise Biology, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 80809 Munich, Germany; (M.S.); (A.P.)
| | - Anja Pfluger
- Exercise Biology, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 80809 Munich, Germany; (M.S.); (A.P.)
| | - Henning Wackerhage
- Pediatric Oncology Network Bavaria, KIONET Bavaria, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Irene von Luettichau
- Kinderklinik München Schwabing, Department of Pediatrics and Children’s Cancer Research Center, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 80804 Munich, Germany; (P.W.); (I.v.L.)
- Pediatric Oncology Network Bavaria, KIONET Bavaria, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
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14
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Gaser D, Peters C, Oberhoffer-Fritz R, Götte M, Feuchtinger T, Schmid I, Haller B, von Luettichau I, Kesting S. Effects of strength exercise interventions on activities of daily living, motor performance, and physical activity in children and adolescents with leukemia or non-Hodgkin lymphoma: Results from the randomized controlled ActiveADL Study. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:982996. [PMID: 36425395 PMCID: PMC9679409 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.982996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pediatric patients with cancer experience impairments in muscle strength and physical activity (PA) that may reduce autonomy during hospitalization. To determine the effects of strength exercise interventions on the accomplishment of activities of daily living (ADLs), motor performance, and PA in children with leukemia or non-Hodgkin lymphoma, we randomly allocated patients (4-18 years) immediately after diagnosis into two exercise groups. METHODS The intervention group (IG; n = 21) received a specific strength training combined with a standard care exercise program, whereas the control group (CG; n = 20) was provided standard care exercise program without any targeted muscle strengthening. After the baseline visit, participants were followed-up three times until intensive treatment cessation. We assessed physical function limitations using the Activities Scale for Kids© (ASK) and Functional ADL Screen. Secondary outcomes were PA levels using accelerometer and motor performance as measured by MOON-test (motor performance in pediatric oncology-test). RESULTS In both groups, ADL accomplishment had significantly increased (p < 0.05). However, no significant between-group differences for ASK outcome were noted. Motor performance was reduced in all motor abilities. CONCLUSIONS Both exercise interventions were effective to maintain ADLs and motor performance during intensive treatment. In comparison, regular strength exercise interventions in the course of therapy tended to be more beneficial with regards to muscular explosive and endurance strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Gaser
- Kinderklinik München Schwabing, Department of Pediatrics and Children's Cancer Research Centre, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Chair of Preventive Pediatrics, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Pediatric Oncology Network, KIONET Bavaria, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christiane Peters
- Chair of Preventive Pediatrics, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Renate Oberhoffer-Fritz
- Chair of Preventive Pediatrics, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Miriam Götte
- Clinic of Pediatrics III, Department of Hematology and Oncology, West German Cancer Centre Essen, University Hospital, Essen, Germany
| | - Tobias Feuchtinger
- Pediatric Oncology Network, KIONET Bavaria, Erlangen, Germany.,Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Irene Schmid
- Pediatric Oncology Network, KIONET Bavaria, Erlangen, Germany.,Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Haller
- Institute of AI and Informatics in Medicine, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Irene von Luettichau
- Kinderklinik München Schwabing, Department of Pediatrics and Children's Cancer Research Centre, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Pediatric Oncology Network, KIONET Bavaria, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sabine Kesting
- Kinderklinik München Schwabing, Department of Pediatrics and Children's Cancer Research Centre, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Chair of Preventive Pediatrics, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Pediatric Oncology Network, KIONET Bavaria, Erlangen, Germany
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15
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Bewegungsförderung während der kinderonkologischen Akuttherapie. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00112-021-01279-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Obwohl Studien zeigen, dass Bewegungsinterventionen während der stationären kinderonkologischen Akuttherapie sicher durchführbar sind und positive Effekte haben, fehlt es an einer flächendeckenden sporttherapeutischen Versorgung.
Ziel der Arbeit
Die vorliegende Publikation analysiert Daten zur Teilnahme, zu Hindernissen und zur Gestaltung eines stationären Sportprogramms mit den Zielen, Hinweise für die Etablierung weiterer Sportangebote zu generieren und die Bewegungsförderung während der pädiatrisch-onkologischen Akuttherapie zu verbessern.
Material und Methoden
Die Daten wurden zwischen September 2015 und August 2019 im Rahmen eines stationären Sportprogramms für onkologisch erkrankte Kinder und Jugendliche im Alter zwischen 2 und 22 Jahren erhoben.
Ergebnisse
In das Sportprogramm wurden 63 Kinder und Jugendliche für durchschnittlich 26 Wochen eingebunden. Die Teilnehmer*innen absolvierten 14,83 ± 12,25 von 28,17 ± 20,05 angebotenen Einheiten (Teilnahmequote: 56 %). Medizinische Gründe waren die häufigste Ursache, weshalb eine Trainingseinheit nicht wahrgenommen wurde. Nur 10 % der Einheiten wurden aus mangelnder Motivation abgelehnt. Die Dauer der Trainingseinheiten betrug ca. 25 min. Die Intensität lag im leichten bis moderaten Bereich.
Diskussion
Die Ergebnisse belegen das Interesse der Betroffenen an einem stationären Bewegungsangebot. Die Vielfalt der Trainingsinhalte unterstreicht die Bedeutung einer individuellen Adaptation der Sporttherapie. Gleichzeitig wird die Notwendigkeit eines „Minimalprogramms“ mit sehr leichten Intensitäten hervorgehoben. Optimierungsmöglichkeiten bestehen u. a. in einer höheren zeitlichen Flexibilität des Angebotes sowie der Ergänzung um ein selbstständiges Training mithilfe eines Bewegungsplanes.
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16
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Wurz A, McLaughlin E, Lategan C, Chamorro Viña C, Grimshaw SL, Hamari L, Götte M, Kesting S, Rossi F, van der Torre P, Guilcher GMT, McIntyre K, Culos-Reed SN. The international Pediatric Oncology Exercise Guidelines (iPOEG). Transl Behav Med 2021; 11:1915-1922. [PMID: 34037786 PMCID: PMC8604278 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibab028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) and exercise are safe and beneficial for children and
adolescents affected by cancer. Yet, this population is not active enough to
receive benefits. PA guideline and recommendation statements can support
individual behavior and practice change. The purpose of this project was to
develop the international Pediatric Oncology Exercise Guidelines (iPOEG),
comprised of guideline and recommendation statements, to promote PA among
children and adolescents affected by cancer. Guideline development procedures,
stakeholder engagement strategies, and the Delphi technique were used. Four
online surveys were distributed to the iPOEG network (n = 9
core team members, n = 122 expert consensus committee members).
Surveys included closed- and open-ended items informed by a literature synthesis
and an in-person meeting. Responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics
and content analysis. Consensus was defined as ≥ 80% agreement. Response
rates to online surveys ranged from 82% to 91%. The iPOEG network agreed on four
guideline and five recommendation statements, which highlight that movement is
important for all children and adolescents affected by cancer. These statements
are generic in nature as more research is still required to provide specific
guidance on the frequency, intensity, time, and type of PA for this population.
Nevertheless, the iPOEG statements represent available evidence and expert
opinion, collectively suggesting that it is time for children and adolescents
affected by cancer to move more. Physical activity is safe and beneficial for children and adolescents affected by
cancer. Yet, most are not active enough to receive benefits. Guideline and
recommendation statements can help change individual behavior and practice. To
develop such statements, guideline development procedures, stakeholder
engagement strategies, and the Delphi technique were used. Four online surveys
were distributed to an international network (n = 131 experts).
Surveys asked closed- and open-ended questions informed by a literature
synthesis and an in-person meeting. Findings from the online surveys resulted in
the international Pediatric Oncology Exercise Guidelines statements, which
highlight that it is time for children and adolescents affected by cancer to
move more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Wurz
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Emma McLaughlin
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Conné Lategan
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Carolina Chamorro Viña
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Kids Cancer Care Foundation of Alberta, Calgary, Canada
| | | | - Lotta Hamari
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Miriam Götte
- Clinic for Pediatrics III, Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sabine Kesting
- Kinderklinik München Schwabing, TUM School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Children's Cancer Research Center, TUM, Munich, Germany
| | - Francesca Rossi
- Rehabilitation Service, Public Health and Pediatric Sciences Department, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza-Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Patrick van der Torre
- Sport and Exercise Center, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gregory M T Guilcher
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Section of Oncology/Bone Marrow Transplant, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Canada
| | - Krista McIntyre
- Section of Oncology/Bone Marrow Transplant, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Canada
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17
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Gauß G, Beller R, Boos J, Däggelmann J, Stalf H, Wiskemann J, Götte M. Adverse Events During Supervised Exercise Interventions in Pediatric Oncology-A Nationwide Survey. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:682496. [PMID: 34490156 PMCID: PMC8417361 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.682496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Exercise interventions during and after treatment for pediatric cancer are associated with beneficial physical, psychological, and social effects. However, valid data about adverse events (AEs) of such interventions have rarely been evaluated. This retrospective study evaluates AEs that occurred during supervised oncological exercise programs for pediatric cancer patients and survivors. Methods: This Germany-wide study used a self-administered online survey focusing on general program characteristics and AEs retrospectively for 2019. The questionnaire included (a) basic data on the offered exercise program, (b) AEs with consequences (Grade 2-5) that occurred in 2019 during an exercise intervention, (c) number of Grade 1 AEs, (d) safety procedures as part of the exercise programs, and (e) possibility to give feedback and describe experience with AEs in free text. Results: Out of 26 eligible exercise programs, response rate of program leaders was 92.3% (n = 24). Representatives working for Universities (n = 6), rehabilitation clinics (n = 3), acute cancer clinics (n = 12), and activity camps (n = 3) participated. In total, 35,110 exercise interventions with varying duration were recorded for 2019. Six AEs with consequences (Grade 2-3) occurred during exercise interventions after cancer treatment resulting in an incidence of 17 per 100,000 exercise interventions (0.017%). No life-threatening consequences or death were reported and no serious AE occurred during acute cancer treatment. Grade 1 AE occurred with a frequency of 983, corresponding to an incidence of 2,800 per 100,000 interventions (2.8%). Most frequent Grade 1 AE were muscle soreness, circulatory problems, and abdominal pain. The most frequent preventive safety procedures at the institutions were regular breaks, consultations with the medical treatment team, and material selection with low injury potential. Conclusions: Supervised exercise interventions for pediatric cancer patients and survivors seem to be safe and AEs with consequences comparatively rare when compared to general childhood population data. Occurrence of grade 1 AEs was common, however, causality was probably not evident between AEs and the exercise intervention. Future research should standardize assessment of AEs in clinical practice and research, and prospectively register and evaluate AEs that occur in the context of exercise interventions in pediatric cancer patients and survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Gauß
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Pediatrics III, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ronja Beller
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Pediatrics III, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Joachim Boos
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Münster, Germany
| | - Julia Däggelmann
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute of Cardiology and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hannah Stalf
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Joachim Wiskemann
- Working Group Exercise Oncology Division of Medical Oncology, University Clinic Heidelberg and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Miriam Götte
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Pediatrics III, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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18
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Spreafico F, Barretta F, Murelli M, Chisari M, Gattuso G, Terenziani M, Ferrari A, Veneroni L, Meazza C, Massimino M. Positive Impact of Organized Physical Exercise on Quality of Life and Fatigue in Children and Adolescents With Cancer. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:627876. [PMID: 34164353 PMCID: PMC8215206 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.627876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cancer and its treatment can cause serious health issues that impair physical and mental well-being in children and adolescents. Exercise may be a valid strategy for managing some symptoms, including fatigue. In the light of our experience, we provide further justification for including exercise as part of routine childhood cancer care. Methods: Forty-four children and adolescents who had solid cancers not contraindicating their movement were invited to join an in-hospital 6-week supervised exercise program, and asked afterwards to complete validated quality of life and fatigue scales. The program consisted of personalized workout sessions of aerobic, resistance and flexibility exercises. The results obtained on the scales were compared between 21 patients who engaged in the exercise program (GYM group) and 23 who refused (No-GYM group), examining the different dimensions of health-related quality of life (physical, emotional, cognitive, social) and fatigue (general, sleep/rest, cognitive) in the two groups. Results: Being diagnosed with cancer initially prompted all but one of the respondents to drop-out of previous routine exercise or sports although their continuation had not been contraindicated. After 6 weeks of exercise, the GYM group's scores for quality of life and fatigue showed a statistically significant better perceived emotional functioning, and a trend toward a better social functioning than in the No-GYM group. Conclusion: We suggest that exercise improves the satisfaction of children and adolescents with cancer with their physical, mental and social functioning. We would emphasize the potential benefits of general practitioners discussing and recommending exercise for their young patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Spreafico
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Barretta
- Medical Statistics, Biometry and Bioinformatics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Murelli
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Chisari
- Palliative Care, Pain Therapy and Rehabilitation Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Gattuso
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Terenziani
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Ferrari
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Veneroni
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Meazza
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Maura Massimino
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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19
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Feasibility and Acceptability Findings of an Energy Balance Data Repository of Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults with Cancer. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9092879. [PMID: 32899945 PMCID: PMC7564246 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9092879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer patients suffer changes in energy balance (EB), the combination of energy intake (nutrition) and energy expenditure (physical activity (PA)), which may influence cancer-related morbidity, mortality, and quality of life. Significant gaps remain in our understanding of the frequency and magnitude of these EB changes. Herein, we report on the feasibility and acceptability of a longitudinal repository of EB outcomes in children, adolescents and young adults (AYA) with cancer along the cancer continuum to fill these gaps. This EB repository includes PA, nutrition, and physical function (PF) parameters. PA data were gathered through activity trackers. Nutritional data were gathered through food diaries and micronutrient labs. PF was assessed with validated objective and patient-reported measures. Feasibility was achieved with >50% enrollment of eligible patients (n = 80, Mage = 18.1 ± 7.5); 26 were children with cancer and 54 were AYAs with cancer. An 88.75% retention rate indicated acceptability. Despite COVID-19 disruptions, >50% of participants provided completed data for PA and micronutrient labs as of April 2020. Food diaries and PF data collection experienced disruptions. Methodological adaptations are in progress to minimize future disruptions. Overall, our findings demonstrate that prospective EB assessments are feasible and acceptable among children and AYAs with cancer.
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20
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Joffe L, Schadler KL, Shen W, Ladas EJ. Body Composition in Pediatric Solid Tumors: State of the Science and Future Directions. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2020; 2019:144-148. [PMID: 31532526 DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgz018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia (severe skeletal muscle wasting) and sarcopenic obesity (skeletal muscle wasting in the setting of excess fat) have been increasingly recognized as important prognostic indicators in adult oncology. Unfavorable changes in lean and adipose tissue masses manifest early in therapy and are associated with altered chemotherapy metabolism as well as increased treatment-related morbidity and mortality. Existing literature addresses the role of body composition in children with hematologic malignancies; however, data is lacking among solid tumor patients. Advances in imaging techniques for quantification of tissue compartments potentiate further investigation in this highly understudied area of pediatric oncology. The following review presents an in-depth discussion of body composition analysis and its potential role in the care of pediatric solid tumor patients. Integration of body tissue measurement into standard practice has broad clinical implications and may improve quality of life and treatment outcomes in this at-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenat Joffe
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant, Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Keri L Schadler
- Department of Pediatrics Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Wei Shen
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition, and MR Research Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Elena J Ladas
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant, Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
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21
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Children's physical activity behavior following a supervised physical activity program in pediatric oncology. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2020; 146:3037-3048. [PMID: 32583234 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03294-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The theory of planned behavior (TPB) model and its components have been applied to comprehend the adoption of physical activity along with informational and motivational parameters. Thus, the first aim of this exploratory study was to explore the evolution of children's physical activity levels over a supervised physical activity program. The second aim was to describe the evolution of TPB measures, self-reported fitness and self-esteem in the physical domain to better understand children's physical activity behavior over the course of the physical activity program. METHODS A total of 16 children (8 boys and 8 girls) with cancer answered psychosocial questionnaires before and after a supervised physical activity program to explore the TPB measures, self-reported fitness, self-esteem in the physical domain and their daily physical activities. RESULTS A significant increase of 13.8 min/day [95% CI (16.7; 10.8); p < 0.0001; d = 1.4] of daily MVLPA was observed between the time before (9.3 ± 9.1 min/day) and after (23.1 ± 10.8 min/day) the physical activity program. We found that the physical activity program positively impacted children's TPB measures (mean in attitude, identity, facilitating factors, self-confidence and intention) and MVLPA levels. The TPB model explained 36.2% of the variance in MVLPA by injunctive norms after the physical activity program. CONCLUSION This study highlighted the need to provide children with physical activity support as soon as the cancer is diagnosed and showed that children's physical activity behaviors were facilitated by familial support measured by injunctive norms.
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The impact of cancer on theory of planned behavior measures and physical activity levels during the first weeks following cancer diagnosis in children. Support Care Cancer 2020; 29:823-831. [PMID: 32495031 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-020-05541-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The theory of planned behavior (TPB) is used to document children's health behaviors linked to their physical activity. The TPB model and its components have been applied to comprehend the adoption of physical activity along informational and motivational parameters. Thus, this exploratory study aims to assess the evolution of children's physical activity levels (MVLPA) during the first weeks of their cancer, in addition to documenting the evolution of the TPB measures, self-reported fitness, and self-esteem in the physical domain to better understand children's physical activity behavior. METHODS A total of 16 children (8 boys and 8 girls) with cancer answered psychosocial questionnaires at the diagnosis of cancer (time 1) and at 6 to 8 weeks (time 2) to assess the TPB measures, self-reported fitness, self-esteem in the physical domain, and their daily physical activities. RESULTS A significant decrease of 41.2 min/days of daily MVLPA was observed between the time at cancer diagnosis (50.5 ± 32.8 min/days) and 6 to 8 weeks after the first interview (9.3 ± 9.1 min/days). We found that the time after the diagnosis of cancer negatively impacted children's TPB measures (mean in attitude, injunctive norms, identity, facilitating factors, self-confidence, and intention) and MVLPA levels. The TPB model explains 40% of the variance in MVLPA by the injunctive norms during the first weeks following cancer diagnosis in children. CONCLUSION The findings of this study highlight the negative impacts of cancer on children's TPB measures, self-reported fitness, and self-esteem in the physical domain and self-reported MVLPA levels over 4 to 6 weeks following the diagnosis. These findings help to better understand the effect of cancer diagnosis on children's physical activity behavior.
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The effect of exercise and motor interventions on physical activity and motor outcomes during and after medical intervention for children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A systematic review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2020; 152:103004. [PMID: 32580035 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.103004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) experience detrimental effects on motor function during and after chemotherapy. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the effect of exercise and motor interventions on physical activity and motor outcomes of children with ALL during and after chemotherapy. METHODS Ten databases were searched. Nineteen studies were included: 11 randomized clinical trials (RCT), 2 controlled clinical trials (CCT), and 6 cohort studies. RESULTS Participants included 508 children with ALL. Between-group results from RCTs and CCTs supported that exercise and motor intervention improved: fatigue during acute chemotherapy; physical activity, range of motion (ROM), strength, bone mineral density, aerobic capacity, and fatigue during maintenance chemotherapy; functional mobility, ROM, strength, and aerobic capacity during post-treatment survivorship; and participation, physical activity, ROM, strength, and coordination during multiple-phase interventions. CONCLUSION Low quality evidence supports the efficacy of motor and exercise interventions for children and adolescents with ALL.
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Kesting S, Weeber P, Schönfelder M, Renz BW, Wackerhage H, von Luettichau I. Exercise as a Potential Intervention to Modulate Cancer Outcomes in Children and Adults? Front Oncol 2020; 10:196. [PMID: 32154183 PMCID: PMC7047207 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise is recommended for the healthy population as it increases fitness and prevents diseases. Moreover, exercise is also applied as an adjunct therapy for patients with various chronic diseases including cancer. Childhood cancer is a rare, heterogeneous disease that differs from adult cancer. Improved therapeutic strategies have increased childhood cancer survival rates to above 80% in developed countries. Although this is higher than the average adult cancer survival rate of about 50%, therapy results often in substantial long-term side effects in childhood cancer survivors. Exercise in adult cancer patients has many beneficial effects and may slow down tumor progression and improve survival in some cancer types, suggesting that exercise may influence cancer cell behavior. In contrast to adults, there is not much data on general effects of exercise in children. Whilst it seems possible that exercise might delay cancer progression or improve survival in children as well, there is no reliable data yet to support this hypothesis. Depending on the type of cancer, animal studies of adult cancer types show that the exercise-induced increase of the catecholamines epinephrine and norepinephrine, have suppressive as well as promoting effects on cancer cells. The diverse effects of exercise in adult cancer patients require investigating whether these results can be achieved in children with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Kesting
- Kinderklinik München Schwabing, Department of Pediatrics and Children's Cancer Research Center, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Chair of Preventive Pediatrics, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Weeber
- Exercise Biology, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Schönfelder
- Exercise Biology, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard W Renz
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Hospital of the University Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich; and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Henning Wackerhage
- Exercise Biology, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Irene von Luettichau
- Kinderklinik München Schwabing, Department of Pediatrics and Children's Cancer Research Center, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Pugh G, Hough R, Gravestock H, Fisher A. The health behaviour status of teenage and young adult cancer patients and survivors in the United Kingdom. Support Care Cancer 2020; 28:767-777. [PMID: 31144171 PMCID: PMC6954124 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-019-04719-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The primary aim of this study was to investigate the health behaviour status of teenage and young adult (TYA) cancer patients and survivors; the secondary aim was to determine if TYA cancer patients and survivors health behaviour differs to general population controls. METHODS Two hundred sixty-seven young people with cancer (n =83 cancer patients receiving active treatment: n =174 cancer survivors, 57.1% >1 year since treatment completion) and 321 controls completed a health and lifestyle questionnaire which included validated measures of physical activity (PA) (Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire), diet (Dietary Instrument for Nutrition Education, DINE), smoking status, and alcohol consumption (AUDIT-C). RESULTS General population controls and cancer survivors were more likely to meet current (PA) recommendations (p <0.001) than TYA cancer patients undergoing treatment (54.8% vs 52.3% vs 30.1%, respectively). Less than 40% of young people with cancer and controls met fat intake, sugar intake, fibre intake or current fruit and vegetable recommendations. TYA cancer survivors were more likely to report binge drinking than controls (OR=3.26, 95% CI 2.12-5.02, p <0.001). Very few young people with in the study were current smokers. The majority of TYA cancer patients and survivors reported a desire to make positive changes to their health behaviour. CONCLUSION Consideration should be given to whether existing health behaviour change interventions which have demonstrated positive effects among the general TYA population could be adapted for young people with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Pugh
- Centre for Sports & Exercise Medicine, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Hospital, Bancroft Road, London, E1 4DG UK
- Department of Behavioural Science & Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - R. Hough
- Department of Haematology, University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | - H. Gravestock
- CLIC Sargent, No.1 Farriers Yard, L77-85 Fulham Palace Road, London, W6 8JA UK
| | - A. Fisher
- Department of Behavioural Science & Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT UK
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Keiser T, Gaser D, Peters C, Oberhoffer-Fritz R, Kesting S, von Luettichau I. Short-Term Consequences of Pediatric Anti-cancer Treatment Regarding Blood Pressure, Motor Performance, Physical Activity and Reintegration Into Sports Structures. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:463. [PMID: 32850561 PMCID: PMC7431623 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.00463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular diseases in childhood cancer survivors are known late sequelae following treatment. Arterial stiffness, pulse wave velocity (PWV) and central systolic blood pressure (cSBP) are potential predictors to assess the status of cardiovascular health. Frequent inpatient stays and reduced physical activity (PA) during treatment can lead to noticeable impairments regarding motor skills and physical performance. The present study examined parameters of cardiovascular health, motor performance and the status of integration into sports structures shortly after cessation of treatment. Methods: A cross-sectional, monocentric study was conducted from April to June 2019. Participants (6-18 yrs, mixed cancer entities) during maintenance therapy and follow-up care were recruited. Peripheral and central systolic/diastolic blood pressure (pSBP, pDBP, cSBP) and PWV were assessed using the Mobil-O-Graph®. The MOON test (MOtor performance in pediatric ONcology) was used to scale motor performance. PA levels and status of integration into sports structures were assessed with a questionnaire referring to the KiGGS study. All measured data were compared to published reference values. Results: Forty participants (11.3 ± 3.8 years, 50% female) were recruited 1.6 ± 1.8 years post-treatment. PSBP (z-score: 0.87 ± 0.67, p = 0.003), pDBP (0.83 ± 1.94, p = 0.033) and cSBP (≥8 years: 0.60 ± 1.29, p = 0.011) were significantly increased compared to reference values. PWV was also elevated, but not significantly. Motor performance was reduced in almost all motor abilities. Thirty-six percent of the examined group did not participate in physical education at school to the full extent. Only 17% reported 1 hour of daily moderate-to-vigorous PA as recommended for children and adolescents by the World Health Organization. Half of the participants were active sports club members before treatment, but one third did not resume their former membership. Conclusion: Increased cardiovascular parameters and impaired motor performance shortly after cessation of treatment, physical inactivity, and low rates of integration into regular sports programs highlight the support needed. Young cancer patients should receive early support in coping with physical limitations preferably soon after diagnosis. Motor deficits could be reduced by applying targeted interventions. Furthermore, a regular sports therapy program during in- and outpatient care could increase engagement in PA to possibly counteract risk factors and improve cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Keiser
- Department of Sports Medicine and Exercise, Justus-Liebig University Gießen, Gießen, Germany
| | - Dominik Gaser
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics and Children's Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christiane Peters
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Renate Oberhoffer-Fritz
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabine Kesting
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics and Children's Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Irene von Luettichau
- Department of Pediatrics and Children's Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Wurz A, Brunet J. Exploring the feasibility and acceptability of a mixed-methods pilot randomized controlled trial testing a 12-week physical activity intervention with adolescent and young adult cancer survivors. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2019; 5:154. [PMID: 31890266 PMCID: PMC6925485 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-019-0530-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors (i.e. individuals diagnosed with cancer between 15 and 39 years and who completed treatment) may benefit from physical activity. Yet, few researchers have explored the effects of physical activity on physical and psychological outcomes among AYA cancer survivors. A pilot study exploring the feasibility and acceptability of a physical activity intervention and proposed trial methods to inform a definitive randomized controlled trial (RCT) is therefore necessary to fill this gap. Methods A two-arm, mixed-methods pilot RCT was conducted. Participants were randomized to a wait-list control group or a 12-week physical activity intervention comprised of 4 weekly aerobic and strength training sessions (intervention group). Feasibility measures included: number of AYA cancer survivors referred/self-referred, eligible, and recruited, retention to the trial (i.e. assessment completion), adherence to the physical activity intervention, and percentage of missing data for baseline (week 0), mid- (week 6), and post-intervention assessments (week 12). The acceptability of trial methods (all participants) and the intervention (intervention group only) was assessed via qualitative interviews post-intervention. Results Over a 12-month period, 31 AYA cancer survivors were referred/self-referred and 16 were eligible and consented to participate. Retention to the trial was 94% and adherence to the physical activity intervention ranged from 50 to 92%. With the exception of the assessment of aerobic capacity and directly measured physical activity behaviour, there were no missing data. Participants generally reported being satisfied with the trial methods and intervention; however, issues related to delivery of the physical activity intervention were identified. Conclusions The methods and intervention piloted require modification and further pilot testing in advance of a definitive RCT. Recruitment strategies identifying a greater number of younger AYA cancer survivors who have different types of cancers and who lack motivation to participate in physical activity-based studies should be explored. Refining the assessments of directly measured physical activity behaviour and aerobic capacity and incorporating behavioural support into the intervention may improve feasibility and acceptability. This study highlights the value of doing pilot work and provides critically useful data that can be used to refine studies seeking to assess causation and optimize physical activity interventions for AYA cancer survivors. Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03016728. Registered January 11, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Wurz
- 1School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, 125 University Private, Montpetit Hall, Room 339, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6 N5 Canada.,2Present address: Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
| | - Jennifer Brunet
- 1School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, 125 University Private, Montpetit Hall, Room 339, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6 N5 Canada.,3Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario Canada.,4Institut du savoir Montfort, Hôpital Montfort, Ottawa, Ontario Canada
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28
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Hamari L, Järvelä LS, Lähteenmäki PM, Arola M, Axelin A, Vahlberg T, Salanterä S. The effect of an active video game intervention on physical activity, motor performance, and fatigue in children with cancer: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Res Notes 2019; 12:784. [PMID: 31783907 PMCID: PMC6884892 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4821-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the effect of active video games in promoting physical activity and motor performance, and reducing fatigue in children with cancer. A randomized controlled trial was conducted. The intervention included playing Nintendo Wii™Fit (Nintendo Co., Ltd., Kyoto, Japan) for 30 min/day for 8 weeks. Physical activity was estimated with accelerometers, physical activity diaries and questionnaires. Movement-ABC2 and PedsQL™ were used to examine motor performance and fatigue. Intervention experiences and fidelity were examined with an interview. Results Participants (n = 36 children with cancer, 3–16 years-old) were randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups. The median [min–max] accelerometer counts/h (500 [131–1130] vs 385 [116–1012], p = 0.63) and physical activity min/day (34 [0–150] vs 23 [0–260], p = 0.95) did not differ between the groups. Change between the pre-test and post-test regarding motor performance and fatigue was similar in both groups (motor performance p = 0.77; fatigue p = 1.00). Participants experienced playing active video games meaningful, but the intervention was not followed completely as instructed. Overall, the physical activity levels were low and one fourth of the children had or were at risk of having movement difficulties. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01748058 (October 15, 2012)
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotta Hamari
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland. .,Turku University Hospital, PL 52, 20521, Turku, Finland.
| | - Liisa S Järvelä
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital, PL 52, 20521, Turku, Finland
| | - Päivi M Lähteenmäki
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital, PL 52, 20521, Turku, Finland
| | - Mikko Arola
- Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, PL 2000, 33521, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anna Axelin
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland.,Turku University Hospital, PL 52, 20521, Turku, Finland
| | - Tero Vahlberg
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Sanna Salanterä
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland.,Turku University Hospital, PL 52, 20521, Turku, Finland
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Yildiz Kabak V, Cetinkaya DU, Kuskonmaz B, Cetin N, Duger T. Effects of multimodal exercise on clinical status and patient-reported outcomes in children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2019; 36:410-421. [PMID: 31530206 DOI: 10.1080/08880018.2019.1648619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
There are limited data available regarding effectiveness of exercise training in children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We aimed to investigate effects of multimodal exercise program on clinical status and patient-reported outcomes including pain, fatigue, depression, and quality of life (QOL) level of children and their parents' QOL level. Twenty-six children undergoing HSCT participated in this study. Clinical status, pain, fatigue, depression, and QOL level of children were assessed three times: before HSCT, at discharge, and one month later. For intervention group (IG, n = 15), multimodal exercise program was performed five days a week, throughout hospitalization and children were advised to continue exercise program at home. For control group (CG, n = 11), being active as much as possible was advised. The number of painful day and pain intensity was significantly lower in IG than in CG during hospitalization (p < .05). Depression level decreased in IG at the time points (p ˂ .05); however, there was no significantly difference between groups. The QOL level was higher in IG than CG only at control measurements (p ˂ .05). In addition, QOL level of the parents decreased in both groups (p ˂ .05). There was no statistically difference between groups in terms of other clinical variables. The multimodal supervised exercise program has positive effects on children's pain and QOL level. Exercise program was also well tolerated by children during hospitalization. In addition, QOL levels of the parents were also negatively affected during hospitalization, and interventions aiming to increase QOL level of the parents should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesile Yildiz Kabak
- Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Duygu Uckan Cetinkaya
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Baris Kuskonmaz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Nevin Cetin
- Ihsan Dogramaci Children Hospital, Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Tulin Duger
- Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
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Exercise during preoperative therapy increases tumor vascularity in pancreatic tumor patients. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13966. [PMID: 31562341 PMCID: PMC6765012 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49582-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of chemotherapy is reduced by dysfunctional tumor vasculature, which may limit chemotherapy delivery to tumors. Preclinical studies have shown that moderate aerobic exercise improves tumor vascular function and increases chemotherapy efficacy in mouse models, but the effect of exercise on human tumor vasculature has not yet been determined. Here, we demonstrate that exercise remodels the tumor vasculature, accelerates the regression, and delays the regrowth of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in a patient-derived xenograft mouse model treated with gemcitabine. By evaluating pancreatic adenocarcinoma specimens from patients treated with preoperative chemotherapy or chemoradiation therapy, we also demonstrate for the first time that tumor vascular remodeling occurs in association with exercise in humans. Future studies will evaluate whether exercise-induced vascular remodeling improves gemcitabine or other chemotherapy efficacy in patients, as this study evaluated only changes in tumor vascular structure.
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Spreafico F, Murelli M, Timmons BW, Massimino M, Barr R. Sport activities and exercise as part of routine cancer care in children and adolescents. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2019; 66:e27826. [PMID: 31115152 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.27826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The burden of morbidities affecting cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems, metabolism, and psychosocial health in young patients with cancer is high. It is alarming that patients and survivors of childhood cancer are less physically active than their healthy peers, since exercise may improve many of these conditions significantly and is associated with reduction in all-cause mortality in the general population. Systematic integration of exercise programing into cancer care remains an exception, above all in children. Pediatric oncologists may contribute to a culture shift towards educating patients and stakeholders on the benefit of exercise and sports for children and adolescents with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Spreafico
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Murelli
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Brian W Timmons
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maura Massimino
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Ronald Barr
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Wurz A, Daeggelmann J, Albinati N, Kronlund L, Chamorro-Viña C, Culos-Reed SN. Physical activity programs for children diagnosed with cancer: an international environmental scan. Support Care Cancer 2019; 27:1153-1162. [DOI: 10.1007/s00520-019-04669-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Whole-body vibration in children with disabilities demonstrates therapeutic potentials for pediatric cancer populations: a systematic review. Support Care Cancer 2018; 27:395-406. [PMID: 30368670 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-018-4506-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Low levels of physical activity often observed in pediatric oncology might be attributed to various functional deficits, especially those of the lower limbs as these affect gait, mobility, and, consequently, physical activity. In the past few years, whole-body vibration (WBV) has emerged as a new therapy modality for improving physical functioning. Although WBV is increasingly applied in children with disabilities, its impact on lower limb function in pediatric cancer patients and survivors has not yet been investigated. METHODS To establish whether there is evidence that WBV may be beneficial for pediatric cancer patients and survivors, this review summarizes current data on WBV studies among children with disabilities and extracts relevant information for the pediatric cancer population. Two independent reviewers performed a systematic literature search following the PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS Nine studies were included in the analysis. Results demonstrate that WBV is a safe, highly compliant, and effective approach in cohorts of children with disabilities. The largest effects of WBV were observed in lower extremity muscle mass and strength, balance control, gait, and walking ability. Furthermore, we were able to develop first recommendations for WBV protocols. CONCLUSIONS WBV seems to be feasible and effective for improving parameters that may be relevant to the pediatric cancer population. Efforts are needed to conduct first WBV interventions in children with cancer proving the effects. The developed recommendations for WBV protocols might help to implement these intervention studies.
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Nielsen MKF, Christensen JF, Frandsen TL, Thorsteinsson T, Andersen LB, Christensen KB, Nersting J, Faber M, Schmiegelow K, Larsen HB. Testing physical function in children undergoing intense cancer treatment-a RESPECT feasibility study. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2018; 65:e27100. [PMID: 29741279 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.27100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The physical function of children with cancer is reduced during treatment, which can compromise the quality of life and increase the risk of chronic medical conditions. The study, "REhabilitation, including Social and Physical activity and Education in Children and Teenagers with cancer" (Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01772862) examines the efficacy of multimodal rehabilitation strategies introduced at cancer diagnosis. This article addresses the feasibility of and obstacles to testing physical function in children with cancer. METHODS The intervention group comprised 46 males and 29 females aged 6-18 years (mean ± SD: 11.3 ± 3.1 years) diagnosed with cancer from January 2013 to April 2016. Testing at diagnosis and after 3 months included timed-up-and-go, sit-to-stand, flamingo balance, handgrip strength, and the bicycle ergometer cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). RESULTS Of the 75 children, 92% completed a minimum of one test; two children declined testing and four were later included. Completion was low for CPET (38/150, 25%) but was high for handgrip strength (122/150, 81%). Tumor location, treatment-related side effects, and proximity to chemotherapy administration were primary obstacles for testing physical function. Children with extracranial solid tumors and central nervous system tumors completed significantly fewer tests than those with leukemia and lymphoma. Children with leukemia demonstrated reduced lower extremity function, that is, 24% reduction at 3 months testing in timed-up-and-go (P = 0.005) and sit-to-stand (P = 0.002), in contrast with no reductions observed in the other diagnostic groups. CONCLUSION Children with cancer are generally motivated to participate in physical function tests. Future studies should address diagnosis specific obstacles and design testing modalities that facilitate physical function tests in this target group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin K F Nielsen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The Juliane Marie Center, University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark.,Faculty of Health Science, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper F Christensen
- Center for Inflammation and Metabolism/Center for Physical Activity (CIM/CFAS), University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas L Frandsen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The Juliane Marie Center, University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Troels Thorsteinsson
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The Juliane Marie Center, University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars B Andersen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School for Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School for Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Karl B Christensen
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jacob Nersting
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The Juliane Marie Center, University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marianne Faber
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The Juliane Marie Center, University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The Juliane Marie Center, University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark.,Faculty of Health Science, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne B Larsen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The Juliane Marie Center, University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
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35
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Götte M, Kesting SV, Gerss J, Rosenbaum D, Boos J. Feasibility and effects of a home-based intervention using activity trackers on achievement of individual goals, quality of life and motor performance in patients with paediatric cancer. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2018; 4:e000322. [PMID: 29765699 PMCID: PMC5950644 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2017-000322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Supervised exercise interventions during inpatient care are feasible. The objective was to evaluate the usability of activity trackers and centralised monitoring to conduct a home-based exercise intervention during cancer treatment. The primary endpoint and confirmatory analysis was achievement of individual goals for daily steps, compared (A) in the intervention group (IG) over time and (B) between the IG and control group (CG). Secondary endpoints included achievement of goals for active minutes and effects on motor performance and health-related quality of life (hrQoL). METHODS Forty patients treated for paediatric cancer (14.7±3.9 years) were included. The IG received a 6-8 week intervention during acute treatment (T1) and a 2-week intervention in transition to aftercare (T2). The CG only received the intervention at T2. Baseline tests to assess motor performance and physical activity were conducted prior to every intervention. RESULTS In the primary confirmatory analysis, the IG significantly improved achievement of individual step goals (p=0.04) whereas group analyses did not reveal significant differences. Achievement of active minutes remained low (p=0.23). IG scored higher in hrQoL than CG (p<0.01) and percentage of children scoring below normative value in strength tests was higher in CG. Of all participants, 94% rated the intervention as meaningful and 80% as motivational. CONCLUSIONS Results of this study indicate that this intervention for home stays with centralised supervision is feasible and leads to increased achievement of individual step goals. Despite the positive effects on hrQoL, further strategies are needed to increase positive effects on motor performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Götte
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department for Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sabine Verena Kesting
- Department for Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Sport and Health Science, Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Munich, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Joachim Gerss
- Institute of Biostatistics and Clinical Research, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Dieter Rosenbaum
- Institute of Experimental Musculoskeletal Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Joachim Boos
- Department for Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
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