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Irakli M, Skendi A, Bouloumpasi E, Christaki S, Biliaderis CG, Chatzopoulou P. Sustainable Recovery of Phenolic Compounds from Distilled Rosemary By-Product Using Green Extraction Methods: Optimization, Comparison, and Antioxidant Activity. Molecules 2023; 28:6669. [PMID: 37764444 PMCID: PMC10537096 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rosemary solid distillation waste (SWR), a by-product of the essential oil industry, represents an important source of phenolic antioxidants. Green technologies such as ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), and accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) of phenolic compounds from SWR were optimized as valorization routes to maximize yield, rosmarinic acid (RMA), carnosol (CARO) and carnosic acid (CARA) contents. Response surface methodology was used in this context, with ethanol concentration (X1), extraction temperature (X2), and time (X3) being the independent variables. A second-order polynomial model was fitted to the data, and multiple regression analysis and analysis of variance were used to determine model fitness and optimal conditions. Ethanol concentration was the most influential extraction parameter, affecting phenolic compounds, while the influence of other parameters was moderate. The optimized conditions were as follows: X1: 67.4, 80.0, and 59.0%, X2: 70, 51, and 125 °C, and X3: 15, 10, and 7 min for MAE, UAE, and ASE, respectively. A comparison of optimized MAE, UAE, and ASE with conventional Soxhlet extraction techniques indicated that ASE provided a higher extraction yield and content of phenolic compounds. However, UAE represented the best process from an environmental point of view, allowing an improved extraction of phenolics from SWR with high energy efficiency and low energy costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Irakli
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization—Dimitra, Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.); (E.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Adriana Skendi
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization—Dimitra, Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.); (E.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Elisavet Bouloumpasi
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization—Dimitra, Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.); (E.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Stamatia Christaki
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization—Dimitra, Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.); (E.B.); (S.C.)
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Costas G. Biliaderis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Paschalina Chatzopoulou
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization—Dimitra, Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.); (E.B.); (S.C.)
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Fuchs LK, Holland AH, Ludlow RA, Coates RJ, Armstrong H, Pickett JA, Harwood JL, Scofield S. Genetic Manipulation of Biosynthetic Pathways in Mint. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:928178. [PMID: 35774811 PMCID: PMC9237610 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.928178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the study of aromatic plants has seen an increase, with great interest from industrial, academic, and pharmaceutical industries. Among plants attracting increased attention are the Mentha spp. (mint), members of the Lamiaceae family. Mint essential oils comprise a diverse class of molecules known as terpenoids/isoprenoids, organic chemicals that are among the most diverse class of naturally plant derived compounds. The terpenoid profile of several Mentha spp. is dominated by menthol, a cyclic monoterpene with some remarkable biological properties that make it useful in the pharmaceutical, medical, cosmetic, and cleaning product industries. As the global market for Mentha essential oils increases, the desire to improve oil composition and yield follows. The monoterpenoid biosynthesis pathway is well characterised so metabolic engineering attempts have been made to facilitate this improvement. This review focuses on the Mentha spp. and attempts at altering the carbon flux through the biosynthetic pathways to increase the yield and enhance the composition of the essential oil. This includes manipulation of endogenous and heterologous biosynthetic enzymes through overexpression and RNAi suppression. Genes involved in the MEP pathway, the menthol and carvone biosynthetic pathways and transcription factors known to affect secondary metabolism will be discussed along with non-metabolic engineering approaches including environmental factors and the use of plant growth regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenz K. Fuchs
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Ryan J. Coates
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Harvey Armstrong
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - John A. Pickett
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - John L. Harwood
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Scofield
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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Supasatyankul B, Saisriyoot M, Klinkesorn U, Rattanaporn K, Sae-Tan S. Extraction of Phenolic and Flavonoid Compounds from Mung Bean ( Vigna radiata L.) Seed Coat by Pressurized Liquid Extraction. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27072085. [PMID: 35408481 PMCID: PMC9000423 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Mung bean seed coat (MBC) is a by-product of the mung bean processing industry. It contains a large number of phenolic compounds with therapeutic anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and antioxidant properties. This research aimed to investigate the optimum conditions for phenolic and flavonoid extraction from MBC by pressurized liquid extraction (PLE). Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to study the effects of temperature (80-160 °C), pressure (1200-1800 psi) and ethanol concentration (5-95%) on total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) scavenging activity (ABTS). Scale-up extraction was also performed. The optimum conditions for extraction were 160 °C, 1300 psi and 50% ethanol. Under optimum conditions, the TPC was 55.27 ± 1.14 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g MBC, TFC was 34.04 ± 0.72 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/g MBC and ABTS scavenging activity was 195.05 ± 2.29 mg trolox equivalent (TE)/g MBC. The TFC and ABTS scavenging activity of the extracts obtained at the pilot scale (10 L) was not significantly different from the laboratory scale, while TPC was significantly increased. The freeze-dried MBC extract contained vitexin and isovitexin 130.53 ± 17.89, 21.21 ± 3.22 mg/g extract, respectively. In conclusion, PLE was able to extract phenolics, flavonoids with ABTS scavenging activity from MBC with the prospect for future scale-up for food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benya Supasatyankul
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (B.S.); (U.K.)
| | - Maythee Saisriyoot
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Utai Klinkesorn
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (B.S.); (U.K.)
| | - Kittipong Rattanaporn
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Sudathip Sae-Tan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (B.S.); (U.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-2562-5037
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Irakli M, Skendi A, Bouloumpasi E, Chatzopoulou P, Biliaderis CG. LC-MS Identification and Quantification of Phenolic Compounds in Solid Residues from the Essential Oil Industry. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10122016. [PMID: 34943119 PMCID: PMC8698398 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10122016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant solid residues obtained from the essential oil industry represent a rich source of phenolic compounds with bioactive properties to be used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. A selective and sensitive liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of phenolic compounds in solid residues of the Lamiaceae family plants. A total of 48 compounds can be separated within 35 min by using the Poroshell-120 EC-C18 column, and a gradient mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile with flow rate of 0.5 mL/min; salicylic acid was used as internal standard. The calibration curves showed good linearity in the tested concentration range for each analyte (R2 > 0.9921), while recoveries ranged from 70.1% to 115.0% with an intra-day and inter-day precision of less than 6.63% and 15.00%, respectively. Based on the retention behavior, as well as absorption and mass spectra, 17 phenolic acids, 19 flavonoids and 2 phenolic diterpenes were identified and quantified in the solid residues obtained by distillation of six aromatic plants: oregano, rosemary, sage, satureja, lemon balm, and spearmint. The method constitutes an accurate analytical and quality control tool for the simultaneous quantitation of phenolics present in solid waste residues from the essential oil industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Irakli
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization, Demeter, Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources Institute, P.O. Box 60458, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.); (E.B.); (P.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-231-047-1544
| | - Adriana Skendi
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization, Demeter, Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources Institute, P.O. Box 60458, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.); (E.B.); (P.C.)
- Department of Food Science and Technology, International Hellenic University, P.O. Box 141, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Elisavet Bouloumpasi
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization, Demeter, Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources Institute, P.O. Box 60458, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.); (E.B.); (P.C.)
| | - Paschalina Chatzopoulou
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization, Demeter, Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources Institute, P.O. Box 60458, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.); (E.B.); (P.C.)
| | - Costas G. Biliaderis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, P.O. Box 235, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
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Extraction Processes Affect the Composition and Bioavailability of Flavones from Lamiaceae Plants: A Comprehensive Review. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9091675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lamiaceae plants are a widespread family of herbaceous plants with around 245 plant genera and nearly 22,576 species distributed in the world. Some of the most representative and widely studied Lamiaceae plants belong to the Ocimum, Origanum, Salvia, and Thymus genera. These plants are a rich source of bioactive molecules such as terpenes, flavonoids, and phenolic acids. In this sense, there is a subgroup of flavonoids classified as flavones. Flavones have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-diabetic potential; thus, efficient extraction techniques from their original plant matrixes have been developed. Currently, conventional extraction methods involving organic solvents are no longer recommended due to their environmental consequences, and new environmentally friendly techniques have been developed. Moreover, once extracted, the bioactivity of flavones is highly linked to their bioavailability, which is often neglected. This review aims to comprehensively gather recent information (2011–2021) regarding extraction techniques and their important relationship with the bioavailability of flavones from Lamiaceae plants including Salvia, Ocimum, Thymus, and Origanum.
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Triaux Z, Petitjean H, Marchioni E, Steyer D, Marcic C. Comparison of Headspace, Hydrodistillation and Pressurized Liquid Extraction of Terpenes and Terpenoids from Food Matrices—Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934821030151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Makaremi S, Ganji A, Ghazavi A, Mosayebi G. Inhibition of tumor growth in CT-26 colorectal cancer-bearing mice with alcoholic extracts of Curcuma longa and Rosmarinus officinalis. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.101006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Recent developments for the analysis and the extraction of bioactive compounds from Rosmarinus officinalis and medicinal plants of the Lamiaceae family. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.116158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kinross AD, Hageman KJ, Doucette WJ, Foster AL. Comparison of Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE) and Energized Dispersive Guided Extraction (EDGE) for the analysis of pesticides in leaves. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1627:461414. [PMID: 32823112 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Various techniques have been evaluated for the extraction and cleanup of pesticides from environmental samples. In this work, a Selective Pressurized Liquid Extraction (SPLE) method for pesticides was developed using a Thermo Fisher Scientific Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE) system. This instrument was compared to the newly introduced (2017) extraction instrument, the Energized Dispersive Guided Extraction (EDGE) system, which combines Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE) and dispersive Solid Phase Extraction (dSPE). We first optimized the SPLE method using the ASE instrument for pesticide extraction from alfalfa leaves using layers of Florisil and graphitized carbon black (GCB) downstream of the leaf homogenate in the extraction cell (Layered ASE method). We then compared results obtained for alfalfa and citrus leaves with the Layered ASE method to those from a method in which the leaf homogenate and sorbents were mixed (Mixed ASE method) and to similar methods modified for use with EDGE (Layered EDGE and Mixed EDGE methods). The ASE and EDGE methods led to clear, colorless extracts with low residual lipid weight. No significant differences in residual lipid masses were observed between the methods. The UV-Vis spectra showed that Florisil removed a significant quantity of the light-absorbing chemicals, but that GCB was required to produce colorless extracts. Recoveries of spiked analytes into leaf homogenates were generally similar among methods, but in several cases, significantly higher recoveries were observed in ASE extracts. Nonetheless, no significant differences were observed among pesticide concentrations in field samples when calculated with the isotope dilution method in which labelled surrogates were added to samples before extraction. The extraction time with the ASE methods was ~45 minutes, which was ~4.5 times longer than with the EDGE methods. The EDGE methods used ~10 mL more solvent than the ASE methods. Based on these results, the EDGE is an acceptable extraction instrument and, for most compounds, the EDGE had a similar extraction efficiency to the ASE methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlie D Kinross
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, United States
| | - Kimberly J Hageman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, United States.
| | - William J Doucette
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Utah State University, United States
| | - Alexandria L Foster
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, United States
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Farooq S, Shah MA, Siddiqui MW, Dar BN, Mir SA, Ali A. Recent trends in extraction techniques of anthocyanins from plant materials. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00598-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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11
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Pavlić B, Teslić N, Zengin G, Đurović S, Rakić D, Cvetanović A, Gunes AK, Zeković Z. Antioxidant and enzyme-inhibitory activity of peppermint extracts and essential oils obtained by conventional and emerging extraction techniques. Food Chem 2020; 338:127724. [PMID: 32795878 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Peppermint is widely used medicinal plant with distinguished bioactive potential, therefore, the aim of present work was to develop novel peppermint extracts with high activity by application of traditional and emerging separation techniques. Conventional hydrodistillation and microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MWHD) were applied for recovery of essential oil (EO), while organic solvent extraction using Soxhlet apparatus, microwave-assisted and ultrasound-assisted process and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) were applied for non-selective recovery of peppermint lipophilic extracts. Extracts were characterized in terms of terpenoids profile with special emphasis on content of major compounds (mentol, menthone, isomenthol and eucalyptol). Antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, FRAP, chelating and phosphomolybdenum assay) and enzyme-inhibitory assays (acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, amylase and glucosidase inhibition) were used for screening of peppermint bioactivity. MWHD was recognized as alternative for traditional process in EO recovery, while SFE extracts were useful for green production of solvent-free peppermint extracts rich in terpenoids and other lipophilic bioactives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branimir Pavlić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology, Blvd. cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nemanja Teslić
- University of Novi Sad, Institute of Food Technology, Blvd. cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk Unviersity, Campus, Konya 42130, Turkey
| | - Saša Đurović
- University of Belgrade, Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12/V, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dušan Rakić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology, Blvd. cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Cvetanović
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology, Blvd. cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - A K Gunes
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk Unviersity, Campus, Konya 42130, Turkey
| | - Zoran Zeković
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology, Blvd. cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
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Cortés-Diéguez S, Otero-Cerviño C, Rodeiro-Mougán H, Feijóo-Mateo JA. Quantitative Descriptive Analysis of Traditional Herbal and Coffee Liqueurs made with Grape Marc Spirit (Orujo). Foods 2020; 9:E753. [PMID: 32517163 PMCID: PMC7353547 DOI: 10.3390/foods9060753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Orujo is a recognized traditional grape marc distillate from Galicia (NW of Spain). It is also employed as an alcohol base to elaborate coffee and herbal liqueurs and spirits. In this manuscript, quantitative descriptive analysis was applied to obtain the most important sensory terms that describe these traditional beverages. Thirteen trained panelists developed a complete sensory lexicon. Sixteen sensory descriptors (four in appearance, five in aroma, four in mouth, and three in aftertaste) were defined, valuated, and scored with the corresponding references, after elimination of hedonic, synonymous, and non-pertinent attributes according to statistical methods. The panelists evaluated a total of 464 samples in order to define their sensory profile. Panel performance was investigated showing good discriminatory ability, repeatability, and reproducibility. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was also applied to identify the sensory descriptors that better discriminate the samples. The results obtained showed the importance of including new terms (orujo, chocolate-cocoa, floral, bitter, and astringent) in the tasting sheet, mainly in the case of coffee liqueurs to improve their sensory profile. The results of this study were useful for the development and implementation of an important tool for the corresponding regulating council in the sensory characterization and qualification of Galician liqueurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Cortés-Diéguez
- Laboratory of Agro-food Biotechnology, CITI-Tecnópole, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, University of Vigo, 32900 Ourense, Spain
| | - Carmen Otero-Cerviño
- CRIIGG of Spirits and Traditionally Liquours from Galicia, Pazo de Quián, 15881 Sergude Boqueixón—A Coruña, Spain; (C.O.-C.); (H.R.-M.); (J.A.F.-M.)
| | - Hixinio Rodeiro-Mougán
- CRIIGG of Spirits and Traditionally Liquours from Galicia, Pazo de Quián, 15881 Sergude Boqueixón—A Coruña, Spain; (C.O.-C.); (H.R.-M.); (J.A.F.-M.)
| | - José Antonio Feijóo-Mateo
- CRIIGG of Spirits and Traditionally Liquours from Galicia, Pazo de Quián, 15881 Sergude Boqueixón—A Coruña, Spain; (C.O.-C.); (H.R.-M.); (J.A.F.-M.)
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Phytochemical constituents, advanced extraction technologies and techno-functional properties of selected Mediterranean plants for use in meat products. A comprehensive review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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14
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Hirondart M, Rombaut N, Fabiano-Tixier AS, Bily A, Chemat F. Comparison between Pressurized Liquid Extraction and Conventional Soxhlet Extraction for Rosemary Antioxidants, Yield, Composition, and Environmental Footprint. Foods 2020; 9:E584. [PMID: 32380668 PMCID: PMC7278715 DOI: 10.3390/foods9050584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, "green analytical chemistry" challenges are to develop techniques which reduce the environmental impact not only in term of analysis but also in the sample preparation step. Within this objective, pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) was investigated to determine the initial composition of key antioxidants contained in rosemary leaves: Rosmarinic acid (RA), carnosic acid (CA), and carnosol (CO). An experimental design was applied to identify an optimized PLE set of extraction parameters: A temperature of 183 °C, a pressure of 130 bar, and an extraction duration of 3 min enabled recovering rosemary antioxidants. PLE was further compared to conventional Soxhlet extraction (CSE) in term of global processing time, energy used, solvent recovery, raw material used, accuracy, reproducibility, and robustness to extract quantitatively RA, CA, and CO from rosemary leaves. A statistical comparison of the two extraction procedure (PLE and CSE) was achieved and showed no significant difference between the two procedures in terms of RA, CA, and CO extraction. To complete the study showing that the use of PLE is an advantageous alternative to CSE, the eco-footprint of the PLE process was evaluated. Results demonstrate that it is a rapid, clean, and environmentally friendly extraction technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Hirondart
- Avignon University, INRAE, UMR408, GREEN Team Extraction, F-84000 Avignon, France; (M.H.); (N.R.); (A.S.F.-T.)
- ORTESA, LabCom Naturex-Avignon University, F-84000 Avignon, France;
| | - Natacha Rombaut
- Avignon University, INRAE, UMR408, GREEN Team Extraction, F-84000 Avignon, France; (M.H.); (N.R.); (A.S.F.-T.)
- ORTESA, LabCom Naturex-Avignon University, F-84000 Avignon, France;
| | - Anne Sylvie Fabiano-Tixier
- Avignon University, INRAE, UMR408, GREEN Team Extraction, F-84000 Avignon, France; (M.H.); (N.R.); (A.S.F.-T.)
- ORTESA, LabCom Naturex-Avignon University, F-84000 Avignon, France;
| | - Antoine Bily
- ORTESA, LabCom Naturex-Avignon University, F-84000 Avignon, France;
- Naturex-Givaudan, 250 rue Pierre Bayle, BP 81218, CEDEX 9, F-84911 Avignon, France
| | - Farid Chemat
- Avignon University, INRAE, UMR408, GREEN Team Extraction, F-84000 Avignon, France; (M.H.); (N.R.); (A.S.F.-T.)
- ORTESA, LabCom Naturex-Avignon University, F-84000 Avignon, France;
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Stojićević AS, Pastor FT, Gorjanović SŽ, Šolević Knudsen TM, Antić MP. Modification of DC polarographic antioxidant assay—Application to aromatic plants and their active principles. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mališa P. Antić
- Faculty of Agriculture University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia
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16
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Research Advances of Purple Sweet Potato Anthocyanins: Extraction, Identification, Stability, Bioactivity, Application, and Biotransformation. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24213816. [PMID: 31652733 PMCID: PMC6864833 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purple sweet potato anthocyanins are kinds of natural anthocyanin red pigments extracted from the root or stem of purple sweet potato. They are stable and have the functions of anti-oxidation, anti-mutation, anti-tumor, liver protection, hypoglycemia, and anti-inflammation, which confer them a good application prospect. Nevertheless, there is not a comprehensive review of purple sweet potato anthocyanins so far. The extraction, structural characterization, stability, functional activity, application in the food, cosmetics, medicine, and other industries of anthocyanins from purple sweet potato, together with their biotransformation in vitro or by gut microorganism are reviewed in this paper, which provides a reference for further development and utilization of anthocyanins.
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17
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Yi X, Shi S, Wang P, Chen Y, Lu Q, Wang T, Zhou X, Zhong G. Characterizing potential repelling volatiles for "push-pull" strategy against stem borer: a case study in Chilo auricilius. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:751. [PMID: 31623553 PMCID: PMC6796385 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6112-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Massive techniques have been evaluated for developing different pest control methods to minimize fertilizer and pesticide inputs. As “push-pull” strategy utilizes generally non-toxic chemicals to manipulate behaviors of insects, such strategy is considered to be environmentally friendly. “Push-pull” strategy has been extraordinarily effective in controlling stem borers, and the identification of new “pushing” or “pull” components against stem borers could be significantly helpful. Results In this study, the results of field trapping assay and behavioral assay showed the larvae of C.auricilius, one kind of stem borers, could be deterred by rice plant under tilling stage, its main host crop. The profiles of volatiles were compared between rice plants under two different developmental stages, and α-pinene was identified as a key differential component. The repelling activity of α-pinene against C.auricilius was confirmed by Y-tube olfactometer. For illuminating the olfactory recognition mechanism, transcriptome analysis was carried out, and 13 chemosensory proteins (CSPs) were identified in larvae and 19 CSPs were identified in adult of C.auriciliu, which was reported for the first time in this insect. Among these identified CSPs, 4 CSPs were significantly regulated by α-pinene treatment, and CSP8 showed good binding affinity with α-pinene in vitro. Conclusions Overall, C.auricilius could be repelled by rice plant at tilling stage, and our results highlighted α-pinene as a key component in inducing repelling activity at this specific stage and confirmed the roles of some candidate chemosensory elements in this chemo-sensing process. The results in this study could provide valuable information for chemosensory mechanism of C.auricilius and for identification of “push” agent against rice stem borers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yi
- Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Song Shi
- Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Peidan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yaoyao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qiqi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofan Zhou
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Guohua Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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18
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Morris J, Gonzales CB, De La Chapa JJ, Cabang AB, Fountzilas C, Patel M, Orozco S, Wargovich MJ. The Highly Pure Neem Leaf Extract, SCNE, Inhibits Tumorigenesis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma via Disruption of Pro-tumor Inflammatory Cytokines and Cell Signaling. Front Oncol 2019; 9:890. [PMID: 31572681 PMCID: PMC6753233 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a deadly disease that comprises 60% of all head and neck squamous cell cancers. The leaves of the Neem tree (Azadirachta indica) have been used in traditional Ayurvedic medicine for centuries to treat numerous oral maladies and are known to have significant anti-inflammatory properties. We hypothesize that a highly pure super critical CO2 Neem leaf extract (SCNE) prevents initiation and progression of OSCC via downregulation of intra-tumor pro-inflammatory pathways, which promote tumorigenesis. Hence, we investigated the anticancer effects of SCNE using in vitro and in vivo platforms. OSCC cell lines (SCC4, Cal27, and HSC3) were treated with SCNE while inflammation, proliferation, and migration were analyzed over time. SCNE treatment significantly inhibited OSCC cell proliferation and migration and reduced MMP activity in vitro, suggesting its potential to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis. The preventive effects of SCNE in ectopic xenograft and 4NQO-1 (4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide) carcinogen-induced mouse models of OSCC were also evaluated. Indeed, xenografted nude mice showed significant reduction of OSCC tumor volumes. Likewise, SCNE significantly reduced the incidence of tongue dysplasia in the 4NQO-1 OSCC initiation model. In both OSCC animal models, SCNE significantly depressed circulating pro-cancer inflammatory cytokines (host and tumor-secreted) including NFkB, COX2, IL-1, IL-6, TNFα, and IFNγ. In addition, we demonstrate that SCNE downregulates STAT3 and AKT expression and activity in vitro. We also demonstrate that the primary active component, nimbolide (NIM), has significant anticancer activity in established OSCC xenografts. Lastly, we show that SCNE induces an M1 phenotype in tumor associated macrophages (TAMS) in vivo. Taken together, these data strongly support SCNE as means of preventing OSCC via downregulation of pro-cancer inflammatory cascades and NIM as a potential new therapy for existing OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Morris
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Cara B Gonzales
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Jorge J De La Chapa
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - April B Cabang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Christos Fountzilas
- Department of Medicine, GI Medical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Mandakini Patel
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Stephanie Orozco
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Michael J Wargovich
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
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19
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Zerajić S, Savić-Gajić I, Savić I, Nikolić G. The optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of total flavonoids from pot marigold (Calendulae officinalis L.) flowers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.5937/savteh1901010z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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20
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Tyśkiewicz K, Konkol M, Rój E. The Application of Supercritical Fluid Extraction in Phenolic Compounds Isolation from Natural Plant Materials. Molecules 2018; 23:E2625. [PMID: 30322098 PMCID: PMC6222308 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The separation of phenolic compounds by supercritical fluid extraction has been widely studied throughout the last two decades. This is evidenced by a number of publications and articles. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) has become thus the effective method of separating the mentioned group of compounds. On the other hand, SFE is a beneficial approach in plant waste materials utilization and reduction of environmental burdens caused by the wastes. The aim of the study is to gather and systematize available information on the phenolic compounds separation that have been reported so far as well as to evaluate whether there is one optimal supercritical fluid extraction method for the phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Tyśkiewicz
- Supercritical Extraction Department, New Chemical Syntheses Institute, Al. Tysiąclecia Państwa Polskiego 13A, 24-110 Puławy, Poland.
| | - Marcin Konkol
- Supercritical Extraction Department, New Chemical Syntheses Institute, Al. Tysiąclecia Państwa Polskiego 13A, 24-110 Puławy, Poland.
| | - Edward Rój
- Supercritical Extraction Department, New Chemical Syntheses Institute, Al. Tysiąclecia Państwa Polskiego 13A, 24-110 Puławy, Poland.
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21
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Effect of emergent non-thermal extraction technologies on bioactive individual compounds profile from different plant materials. Food Res Int 2018; 115:177-190. [PMID: 30599930 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Extraction is the first step for isolation and purification of interesting bioactive compounds, by mixing of the plant material with an adequate solvent. Those bioactive compounds are, usually, secondary metabolites, such as phenolic acids and flavonoids which are present in closed insoluble structures, making its extraction a challenge. There are many different traditional extraction methods, such as Soxhlet, heat reflux, and maceration. Nevertheless, due to several disadvantages, they are being replaced by new methods, using emergent technologies, such as high hydrostatic pressure, ultrasounds, pulsed electric fields, and supercritical fluids. The use of novel technologies allows enhancing mass transfer rates, increasing cell permeability as well as increasing secondary metabolite diffusion, leading to higher extraction yields, fewer impurities on the final extract, extractions at room temperature with thermo-sensitive structures preservation, use of different non-organic solvents, low energy consumption, short operation time, and have no significant or lower effect on the structure of bioactive compounds. This paper aims to review the effect of the main emergent extraction technologies (high hydrostatic pressure, pulsed electric fields, ultrasounds, and supercritical fluid assisted) on the individual profile of bioactive compounds from plant material.
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22
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Sharma S, Hansen LD, Hansen JØ, Mydland LT, Horn SJ, Øverland M, Eijsink VGH, Vuoristo KS. Microbial Protein Produced from Brown Seaweed and Spruce Wood as a Feed Ingredient. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:8328-8335. [PMID: 30004220 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The conversion of nonedible biomass to protein for use in feed is an attractive strategy toward improved sustainability in aquaculture. We have studied the possibility to produce protein-rich yeast Candida utilis on a medium consisting of enzymatically hydrolyzed sulphite-pulped spruce wood, mainly providing glucose, and enzymatically hydrolyzed brown seaweed, supplemented with ammonium sulfate. The results show that this blend constitutes a complete fermentation medium that enables good growth rates and cell yields. Results from a salmon feeding trial showed that the yeast can replace parts of a traditional fishmeal diet without harmful effects, although the apparent protein digestibility coefficient for the yeast was suboptimal. While further optimization of both the fermentation process and downstream processing is needed, the present proof-of-concept study shows a path to the production of microbial protein based on a simple, local and sustainable fermentation medium.
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23
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Xu CC, Wang B, Pu YQ, Tao JS, Zhang T. Advances in extraction and analysis of phenolic compounds from plant materials. Chin J Nat Med 2018; 15:721-731. [PMID: 29103457 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(17)30103-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds, the most abundant secondary metabolites in plants, have received more and more attention in recent years because of their distinct bioactivities. This review summarizes different types of phenolic compounds and their extraction and analytical methods used in the recent reports, involving 59 phenolic compounds from 52 kinds of plants. The extraction methods include solid-liquid extraction, ultrasound-assisted extractions, microwave-assisted extractions, supercritical fluid extraction, and other methods. The analysis methods include spectrophotometry, gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, and near-infrared spectroscopy. After illustrating the specific conditions of the analytical methods, the advantages and disadvantages of each method are also summarized, pointing out their respective suitability. This review provides valuable reference for identification and/or quantification of phenolic compounds from natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong-Cong Xu
- Experiment Center of Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Experiment Center of Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yi-Qiong Pu
- Experiment Center of Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Jian-Sheng Tao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Experiment Center of Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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24
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Zhan N, Guo F, Tian Q, Yang ZP, Rao Z. Screening and Quantification of Organic Pollutants in Soil Using Comprehensive Two-dimensional Gas Chromatography with Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry. ANAL LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2017.1367798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhan
- National Research Center for Geoanalysis, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Guo
- National Research Center for Geoanalysis, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Tian
- National Research Center for Geoanalysis, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi Peng Yang
- National Research Center for Geoanalysis, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhu Rao
- National Research Center for Geoanalysis, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, China
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25
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Guo X, Cui M, Deng M, Liu X, Huang X, Zhang X, Luo L. Molecular differentiation of five Cinnamomum camphora chemotypes using desorption atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry of raw leaves. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46579. [PMID: 28425482 PMCID: PMC5397862 DOI: 10.1038/srep46579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Five chemotypes, the isoborneol-type, camphora-type, cineole-type, linalool-type and borneol-type of Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl have been identified at the molecular level based on the multivariate analysis of mass spectral fingerprints recorded from a total of 750 raw leaf samples (i.e., 150 leaves equally collected for each chemotype) using desorption atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (DAPCI-MS). Both volatile and semi-volatile metabolites of the fresh leaves of C. camphora were simultaneously detected by DAPCI-MS without any sample pretreatment, reducing the analysis time from half a day using conventional methods (e.g., GC-MS) down to 30 s. The pattern recognition results obtained using principal component analysis (PCA) was cross-checked by cluster analysis (CA), showing that the difference visualized by the DAPCI-MS spectral fingerprints was validated with 100% accuracy. The study demonstrates that DAPCI-MS meets the challenging requirements for accurate differentiation of all the five chemotypes of C. camphora leaves, motivating more advanced application of DAPCI-MS in plant science and forestry studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiali Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Meng Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Min Deng
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Xingxing Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Xueyong Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Xinglei Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China Institute of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China
| | - Liping Luo
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
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26
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Cirlini M, Mena P, Tassotti M, Herrlinger KA, Nieman KM, Dall'Asta C, Del Rio D. Phenolic and Volatile Composition of a Dry Spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) Extract. Molecules 2016; 21:E1007. [PMID: 27527127 PMCID: PMC6274304 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21081007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present paper reports a complete mass spectrometric characterization of both the phenolic and volatile fractions of a dried spearmint extract. Phenolic compounds were analysed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS(n)) and a total of 66 compounds were tentatively identified, being the widest phenolic characterisation of spearmint to date. The analysis suggests that the extract is composed of rosmarinic acid and its derivatives (230.5 ± 13.5 mg/g) with smaller amounts of salvianolic acids, caffeoylquinic acids, hydroxybenzoic acids, hydroxycinnamic acids, flavones, and flavanones. Head space solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique, that was applied to characterize the volatile fraction of spearmint, identified molecules belonging to different chemical classes, such as p-cymene, isopiperitone, and piperitone, dihydroedulan II, menthone, p-cymen-8-ol, and β-linalool. This comprehensive phytochemical analysis can be useful to test the authenticity of this product rich in rosmarinic acid and other phenolics, and when assessing its biological properties. It may also be applied to other plant-derived food extracts and beverages containing a broad range of phytochemical compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Cirlini
- Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Parma 43125, Italy.
| | - Pedro Mena
- Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Parma 43125, Italy.
| | - Michele Tassotti
- Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Parma 43125, Italy.
| | | | - Kristin M Nieman
- Kemin Foods, L.C., 2100 Maury Street, Des Moines, IA 50317, USA.
| | - Chiara Dall'Asta
- Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Parma 43125, Italy.
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Kemin Foods, L.C., 2100 Maury Street, Des Moines, IA 50317, USA.
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27
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Cai Z, Qu Z, Lan Y, Zhao S, Ma X, Wan Q, Jing P, Li P. Conventional, ultrasound-assisted, and accelerated-solvent extractions of anthocyanins from purple sweet potatoes. Food Chem 2015; 197:266-72. [PMID: 26616949 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.10.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Purple sweet potatoes (PSPs) are rich in anthocyanins. In this study, we investigated the extraction efficiency of anthocyanins from PSPs using conventional extraction (CE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and accelerated-solvent extraction (ASE). Additionally, the effects of these extraction methods on antioxidant activity and anthocyanin composition of PSP extracts were evaluated. In order of decreasing extraction efficiency, the extraction methods were ASE>UAE>CE for anthocyanins (218-244 mg/100 g DW) and CE>UAE>ASE for total phenolics (631-955 mg/100 g DW) and flavonoids (28-40 mg/100 g DW). Antioxidant activities of PSP extracts were CE≈UAE>ASE for ORAC (766-1091 mg TE/100 g DW) and ASE>CE≈UAE for FRAP (1299-1705 mg TE/100 g DW). Twelve anthocyanins were identified. ASE extracts contained more diacyl anthocyanins and less nonacyl and monoacyl anthocyanins than CE and ASE extracts (P<0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Cai
- Research Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, Key Lab of Urban Agriculture (South), Bor S. Luh Food Safety Research Center, School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ziqian Qu
- Research Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, Key Lab of Urban Agriculture (South), Bor S. Luh Food Safety Research Center, School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yu Lan
- Hainan Yedao Group Co. Ltd., Hainan 570105, China
| | - Shujuan Zhao
- Research Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, Key Lab of Urban Agriculture (South), Bor S. Luh Food Safety Research Center, School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaohua Ma
- Hainan Yedao Group Co. Ltd., Hainan 570105, China
| | - Qiang Wan
- Research Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, Key Lab of Urban Agriculture (South), Bor S. Luh Food Safety Research Center, School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Pu Jing
- Research Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, Key Lab of Urban Agriculture (South), Bor S. Luh Food Safety Research Center, School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Pingfan Li
- Guangdong Industry Technical College, Guangdong 510300, China
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28
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Zhang T, Zhang A, Qiu S, Yang S, Wang X. Current Trends and Innovations in Bioanalytical Techniques of Metabolomics. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2015; 46:342-51. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2015.1079475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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29
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Scognamiglio M, D'Abrosca B, Esposito A, Fiorentino A. Chemical Composition and Seasonality of Aromatic Mediterranean Plant Species by NMR-Based Metabolomics. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2015; 2015:258570. [PMID: 25785229 PMCID: PMC4345260 DOI: 10.1155/2015/258570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
An NMR-based metabolomic approach has been applied to analyse seven aromatic Mediterranean plant species used in traditional cuisine. Based on the ethnobotanical use of these plants, the approach has been employed in order to study the metabolic changes during different seasons. Primary and secondary metabolites have been detected and quantified. Flavonoids (apigenin, quercetin, and kaempferol derivatives) and phenylpropanoid derivatives (e.g., chlorogenic and rosmarinic acid) are the main identified polyphenols. The richness in these metabolites could explain the biological properties ascribed to these plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Scognamiglio
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Brigida D'Abrosca
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Assunta Esposito
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Antonio Fiorentino
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
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