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van der Zwet JCG, Cordo' V, Canté-Barrett K, Meijerink JPP. Multi-omic approaches to improve outcome for T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients. Adv Biol Regul 2019; 74:100647. [PMID: 31523030 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2019.100647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, tremendous progress in curative treatment has been made for T-ALL patients using high-intensive, risk-adapted multi-agent chemotherapy. Further treatment intensification to improve the cure rate is not feasible as it will increase the number of toxic deaths. Hence, about 20% of pediatric patients relapse and often die due to acquired therapy resistance. Personalized medicine is of utmost importance to further increase cure rates and is achieved by targeting specific initiation, maintenance or resistance mechanisms of the disease. Genomic sequencing has revealed mutations that characterize genetic subtypes of many cancers including T-ALL. However, leukemia may have various activated pathways that are not accompanied by the presence of mutations. Therefore, screening for mutations alone is not sufficient to identify all molecular targets and leukemic dependencies for therapeutic inhibition. We review the extent of the driving type A and the secondary type B genomic mutations in pediatric T-ALL that may be targeted by specific inhibitors. Additionally, we review the need for additional screening methods on the transcriptional and protein levels. An integrated 'multi-omic' screening will identify potential targets and biomarkers to establish significant progress in future individualized treatment of T-ALL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Valentina Cordo'
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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2
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Labots M, Van der Mijn JC, Dekker H, Ruijter R, Pham TV, Van der Vliet HJ, Van der Hoeven JJM, Meijer GA, Verheul HMW. Selection of Protein Kinase Inhibitors Based on Tumor Tissue Kinase Activity Profiles in Patients with Refractory Solid Malignancies: An Interventional Molecular Profiling Study. Oncologist 2018; 23:1135-e118. [PMID: 30018133 PMCID: PMC6263134 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2018-0263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lessons Learned. Clinically applicable tools are needed for treatment selection and repurposing of available protein kinase inhibitors (PKIs) in patients with advanced solid tumors refractory to standard treatment. Using a tyrosine kinase peptide substrate microarray, observed inhibitory activity in vitro could not sufficiently predict clinical benefit of treatment with the selected PKI.
Background. This exploratory molecular profiling study determined the feasibility and benefit of the selection of protein kinase inhibitors (PKIs) based on kinase activity profiling in patients with refractory solid malignancies. Methods. Adult patients with biopsy‐accessible refractory solid tumors were eligible. Per patient, the inhibitory potency of sunitinib, dasatinib, erlotinib, sorafenib, everolimus, and lapatinib was determined in tumor lysates from fresh biopsies using a tyrosine kinase peptide substrate microarray. The most active PKI in this in vitro assay was selected for treatment. Results. Thirteen patients were enrolled in the feasibility part and underwent tumor biopsy. Of 12 patients in whom kinase activity profiling was performed, 11 started treatment with a selected PKI: dasatinib in 8, sunitinib in 2, and erlotinib in 1 patient(s). Eight patients were evaluable for response. One patient had stable disease (SD) >4 months on sunitinib; one patient had SD at 6 weeks but progressive disease (PD) at 12 weeks. The remaining patients had PD after 6 weeks of treatment. Conclusion. Kinase inhibition profiles of multiple PKIs can be reliably determined using fresh tumor biopsies from patients with refractory solid tumors. However, the current in vitro microarray selection approach insufficiently predicted clinical benefit of PKI treatment in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariette Labots
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes C Van der Mijn
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henk Dekker
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rita Ruijter
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thang V Pham
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hans J Van der Vliet
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Gerrit A Meijer
- Department of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henk M W Verheul
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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3
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Therapeutic Targeting of mTOR in T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: An Update. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071878. [PMID: 29949919 PMCID: PMC6073309 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive blood malignancy that arises from the clonal expansion of transformed T-cell precursors. Although T-ALL prognosis has significantly improved due to the development of intensive chemotherapeutic protocols, primary drug-resistant and relapsed patients still display a dismal outcome. In addition, lifelong irreversible late effects from conventional therapy are a growing problem for leukemia survivors. Therefore, novel targeted therapies are required to improve the prognosis of high-risk patients. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is the kinase subunit of two structurally and functionally distinct multiprotein complexes, which are referred to as mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTORC2. These two complexes regulate a variety of physiological cellular processes including protein, lipid, and nucleotide synthesis, as well as autophagy in response to external cues. However, mTOR activity is frequently deregulated in cancer, where it plays a key oncogenetic role driving tumor cell proliferation, survival, metabolic transformation, and metastatic potential. Promising preclinical studies using mTOR inhibitors have demonstrated efficacy in many human cancer types, including T-ALL. Here, we highlight our current knowledge of mTOR signaling and inhibitors in T-ALL, with an emphasis on emerging evidence of the superior efficacy of combinations consisting of mTOR inhibitors and either traditional or targeted therapeutics.
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Simioni C, Martelli AM, Zauli G, Vitale M, McCubrey JA, Capitani S, Neri LM. Targeting the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling pathway in B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia: An update. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:6440-6454. [PMID: 29667769 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Despite considerable progress in treatment protocols, B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) displays a poor prognosis in about 15-20% of pediatric cases and about 60% of adult patients. In addition, life-long irreversible late effects from chemo- and radiation therapy, including secondary malignancies, are a growing problem for leukemia survivors. Targeted therapy holds promising perspectives for cancer treatment as it may be more effective and have fewer side effects than conventional therapies. The phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is a key regulatory cascade which controls proliferation, survival and drug-resistance of cancer cells, and it is frequently upregulated in the different subtypes of B-ALL, where it plays important roles in the pathophysiology, maintenance and progression of the disease. Moreover, activation of this signaling cascade portends a poorer prognosis in both pediatric and adult B-ALL patients. Promising preclinical data on PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitors have documented their anticancer activity in B-ALL and some of these novel drugs have entered clinical trials as they could lead to a longer event-free survival and reduce therapy-associated toxicity for patients with B-ALL. This review highlights the current status of PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitors in B-ALL, with an emphasis on emerging evidence of the superior efficacy of synergistic combinations involving the use of traditional chemotherapeutics or other novel, targeted agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Simioni
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alberto M Martelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgio Zauli
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marco Vitale
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.,CoreLab, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - James A McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Silvano Capitani
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luca M Neri
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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5
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Technological advances for interrogating the human kinome. Biochem Soc Trans 2017; 45:65-77. [PMID: 28202660 DOI: 10.1042/bst20160163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing appreciation among researchers and clinicians of the value of investigating biology and pathobiology at the level of cellular kinase (kinome) activity. Kinome analysis provides valuable opportunity to gain insights into complex biology (including disease pathology), identify biomarkers of critical phenotypes (including disease prognosis and evaluation of therapeutic efficacy), and identify targets for therapeutic intervention through kinase inhibitors. The growing interest in kinome analysis has fueled efforts to develop and optimize technologies that enable characterization of phosphorylation-mediated signaling events in a cost-effective, high-throughput manner. In this review, we highlight recent advances to the central technologies currently available for kinome profiling and offer our perspectives on the key challenges remaining to be addressed.
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Faa G, Messana I, Fanos V, Cabras T, Manconi B, Vento G, Iavarone F, Martelli C, Desiderio C, Castagnola M. Proteomics applied to pediatric medicine: opportunities and challenges. Expert Rev Proteomics 2016; 13:883-94. [DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2016.1221764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Peppelenbosch MP, Frijns N, Fuhler G. Systems medicine approaches for peptide array-based protein kinase profiling: progress and prospects. Expert Rev Proteomics 2016; 13:571-8. [PMID: 27241729 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2016.1187564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pharmacological manipulation of signalling pathways is becoming an increasingly important avenue for the rational clinical management of disease but is hampered by a lack of technologies that allow the generation of comprehensive descriptions of cellular signalling. AREAS COVERED Herein, the authors discuss the potential of peptide array-based kinome profiling for evaluating cellular signalling in the context of drug discovery. Expert commentary: Genomic and proteomic approaches have been of significant value to our elucidation of the molecular mechanisms that govern physiology. However, an equally, if not more important goal, is to define those proteins that participate in signalling pathways that ultimately control cell fate, especially kinases. Traditional genetic and biochemical approaches can certainly provide answers here, but for technical and practical reasons, are typically pursued one gene or pathway at a time. A more comprehensive approach is one in which peptide arrays of kinase-specific substrates are incubated with cell lysates and (33)P-ATP generating comprehensive descriptions, or where arrays are interrogated with phosphospecific antibodies. Both approaches allow analysis of cellular signalling without a priori assumptions to possibly influenced pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gwenny Fuhler
- c Erasmus MC , Erasmus MC Cancer Institute , Rotterdam , Zuid-Holland, CA , Netherlands
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8
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van der Sligte NE, Kampen KR, ter Elst A, Scherpen FJG, Meeuwsen-de Boer TGJ, Guryev V, van Leeuwen FN, Kornblau SM, de Bont ESJM. Essential role for cyclic-AMP responsive element binding protein 1 (CREB) in the survival of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Oncotarget 2016; 6:14970-81. [PMID: 26008971 PMCID: PMC4558129 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) relapse remains a leading cause of cancer related death in children, therefore, new therapeutic options are needed. Recently, we showed that a peptide derived from Cyclic-AMP Responsive Element Binding Protein (CREB) was highly phosphorylated in pediatric leukemias. In this study, we determined CREB phosphorylation and mRNA levels showing that CREB expression was significantly higher in ALL compared to normal bone marrow (phosphorylation: P < 0.0001, mRNA: P = 0.004). High CREB and phospho-CREB expression was correlated with a lower median overall survival in a cohort of 140 adult ALL patients. ShRNA mediated knockdown of CREB in ALL cell lines blocked leukemic cell growth by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Gene expression array analysis showed downregulation of CREB target genes regulating cell proliferation and glucose metabolism and upregulation of apoptosis inducing genes. Similar to CREB knockdown, the CREB inhibitor KG-501 decreased leukemic cell viability and induced apoptosis in ALL cell lines, as well as primary T-ALL samples, with cases showing high phospho-CREB levels being more sensitive than those with lower phospho-CREB levels. Together, these in vitro findings support an important role for CREB in the survival of ALL cells and identify this transcription factor as a potential target for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi E van der Sligte
- Division of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kim R Kampen
- Division of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Arja ter Elst
- Division of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frank J G Scherpen
- Division of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tiny G J Meeuwsen-de Boer
- Division of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Victor Guryev
- European Research Institute for The Biology of Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frank N van Leeuwen
- Laboratory of Pediatric Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Steven M Kornblau
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Eveline S J M de Bont
- Division of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Tuettenberg A, Hahn SA, Mazur J, Gerhold-Ay A, Scholma J, Marg I, Ulges A, Satoh K, Bopp T, Joore J, Jonuleit H. Kinome Profiling of Regulatory T Cells: A Closer Look into a Complex Intracellular Network. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149193. [PMID: 26881744 PMCID: PMC4755507 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Treg) are essential for T cell homeostasis and maintenance of peripheral tolerance. They prevent activation of auto-reactive T effector cells (Teff) in the context of autoimmunity and allergy. Otherwise, Treg also inhibit effective immune responses against tumors. Besides a number of Treg-associated molecules such as Foxp3, CTLA-4 or GARP, known to play critical roles in Treg differentiation, activation and function, the involvement of additional regulatory elements is suggested. Herein, kinase activities seem to play an important role in Treg fine tuning. Nevertheless, our knowledge regarding the complex intracellular signaling pathways controlling phenotype and function of Treg is still limited and based on single kinase cascades so far. To gain a more comprehensive insight into the pathways determining Treg function we performed kinome profiling using a phosphorylation-based kinome array in human Treg at different activation stages compared to Teff. Here we have determined intriguing quantitative differences in both populations. Resting and activated Treg showed an altered pattern of CD28-dependent kinases as well as of those involved in cell cycle progression. Additionally, significant up-regulation of distinct kinases such as EGFR or CK2 in activated Treg but not in Teff not only resemble data we obtained in previous studies in the murine system but also suggest that those specific molecular activation patterns can be used for definition of the activation and functional state of human Treg. Taken together, detailed investigation of kinome profiles opens the possibility to identify novel molecular mechanisms for a better understanding of Treg biology but also for development of effective immunotherapies against unwanted T cell responses in allergy, autoimmunity and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Tuettenberg
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Susanne A. Hahn
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Johanna Mazur
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Aslihan Gerhold-Ay
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jetse Scholma
- Department of Developmental Bioengineering, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Iris Marg
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alexander Ulges
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kazuki Satoh
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tobias Bopp
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jos Joore
- Pepscope BV, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Helmut Jonuleit
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
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Lauretta R, Lanzolla G, Vici P, Mariani L, Moretti C, Appetecchia M. Insulin-Sensitizers, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Gynaecological Cancer Risk. Int J Endocrinol 2016; 2016:8671762. [PMID: 27725832 PMCID: PMC5048026 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8671762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical, early phase clinical trials and epidemiological evidence support the potential role of insulin-sensitizers in cancer prevention and treatment. Insulin-sensitizers improve the metabolic and hormonal profile in PCOS patients and may also act as anticancer agents, especially in cancers associated with hyperinsulinemia and oestrogen dependent cancers. Several lines of evidence support the protection against cancer exerted by dietary inositol, in particular inositol hexaphosphate. Metformin, thiazolidinediones, and myoinositol postreceptor signaling may exhibit direct inhibitory effects on cancer cell growth. AMPK, the main molecular target of metformin, is emerging as a target for cancer prevention and treatment. PCOS may be correlated to an increased risk for developing ovarian and endometrial cancer (up to threefold). Several studies have demonstrated an increase in mortality rate from ovarian cancer among overweight/obese PCOS women compared with normal weight women. Long-term use of metformin has been associated with lower rates of ovarian cancer. Considering the evidence supporting a higher risk of gynaecological cancer in PCOS women, we discuss the potential use of insulin-sensitizers as a potential tool for chemoprevention, hypothesizing a possible rationale through which insulin-sensitizers may inhibit tumourigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Lauretta
- Unit of Endocrinology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Lanzolla
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Systems' Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Section of Reproductive Endocrinology, Fatebenefratelli Hospital “San Giovanni Calibita” Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Vici
- Division of Medical Oncology B, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Luciano Mariani
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, HPV-Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Costanzo Moretti
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Systems' Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Section of Reproductive Endocrinology, Fatebenefratelli Hospital “San Giovanni Calibita” Rome, Italy
| | - Marialuisa Appetecchia
- Unit of Endocrinology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
- *Marialuisa Appetecchia:
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van der Sligte NE, Kampen KR, de Bont ESJM. Can kinomics and proteomics bridge the gap between pediatric cancers and newly designed kinase inhibitors? Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:3589-98. [PMID: 26321002 PMCID: PMC4565869 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-2019-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of kinase inhibitors in cancer medicine has transformed chronic myeloid leukemia from a fatal disease into a leukemia subtype with a favorable prognosis by interfering with the constitutively active kinase BCR-ABL. This success story has resulted in the development of multiple kinase inhibitors. We are currently facing significant limitations in implementing these kinase inhibitors into the clinic for the treatment of pediatric malignancies. As many hallmarks of cancer are known to be regulated by intracellular protein signaling networks, we suggest focusing on these networks to improve the implementation of kinase inhibitors. This viewpoint will provide a short overview of currently used strategies for the implementation of kinase inhibitors as well as reasons why kinase inhibitors have unfortunately not yet been widely used for the treatment of pediatric cancers. We argue that by using a future personalized medicine strategy combining kinomics, proteomics, and drug screen approaches, the gap between pediatric cancers and the use of kinase inhibitors may be bridged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi E van der Sligte
- Division of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kim R Kampen
- Division of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eveline S J M de Bont
- Division of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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12
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van der Sligte NE, Scherpen FJG, Ter Elst A, Guryev V, van Leeuwen FN, de Bont ESJM. Effect of IKZF1 deletions on signal transduction pathways in Philadelphia chromosome negative pediatric B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL). Exp Hematol Oncol 2015; 4:23. [PMID: 26269779 PMCID: PMC4534008 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-015-0017-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background IKZF1 deletions are an unfavorable prognostic factor in children with Philadelphia chromosome positive (Ph+) as well as negative (Ph−) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Although IKZF1 deletions occur in 10–15% of Ph− ALL cases, effects of IKZF1 deletions on signaling pathways in this group have not been extensively studied. Therefore, in this study we aimed to study the effect of IKZF1 deletions on active signal transduction pathways. Methods Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) was used to determine IKZF1 deletions and other copy number alterations in 109 pediatric B-Cell Precursor ALL (BCP-ALL) patients. Kinase activity profiling of 45 primary Ph− BCP-ALL patients (31 IKZF1 wild type patients and 14 patients harboring an IKZF1 alteration) and western blot analysis of 14 pediatric BCP-ALL samples was performed to determine active signal transduction pathways. Results Unsupervised hierarchical cluster analysis of kinome profiles of 45 pediatric Ph− ALL cases showed no clustering based on IKZF1 status. Comparing the phosphorylation intensities of peptides associated with signaling pathways known to be involved in BCP-ALL maintenance, we did not observe differences between the two groups. Western blot analysis of 14 pediatric BCP-ALL samples showed large variations in phosphorylation levels between the different ALL samples, independent of IKZF1 status. Conclusions Based on these results we conclude that, although IKZF1 deletions appear to be an important clinical prognostic factor, we were unable to identify a unique IKZF1 dependent protein expression signature in pediatric Ph− ALL and consequently no specific targets for future therapy of Ph−IKZF1 deleted BCP-ALL could be identified. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40164-015-0017-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi E van der Sligte
- Division of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frank J G Scherpen
- Division of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Arja Ter Elst
- Division of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Victor Guryev
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frank N van Leeuwen
- Laboratory of Pediatric Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eveline S J M de Bont
- Division of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
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