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Migration and Enrichment Behaviors of Ca and Mg Elements during Cooling and Crystallization of Boron-Bearing Titanium Slag Melt. CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst11080888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic rutile was prepared from titanium slag melt with low energy consumption and a small amount of additive (B2O3) in our previous work. The modification mechanism of titanium slag was not clear enough. The migration and enrichment behaviors of Ca and Mg elements during cooling and crystallization of boron-bearing titanium slag melt were characterized by XRF, FESEM, EMPA, and XPS. Results show that when additive (B2O3) is added, Ti elements are migrated and enriched in the area to generate rutile, while Ca, Mg, and B elements are migrated and enriched in another area to generate borate. With the additive (B2O3) amount increased, Ca and Mg element migration is complete and more thorough. Additive (B2O3) promotes rutile formation and inhibits the formation of anosovite during cooling and crystallization of titanium slag melt. With the additive (B2O3) amount increasing from 0% to 6%, the proportion of Ti3+ in the modified titanium slag reduces from 9.15% to 0%, and the proportion of Ti4+ increases from 90.85% to 100% under the same cooling and crystallization condition. The result will lay the foundation for the efficient preparation of synthetic rutile by adding B2O3 to the titanium slag melt.
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Corrosion Behavior of GH4169 Alloy under Alternating Oxidation at 900 °C and Solution Immersion. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12091503. [PMID: 31072033 PMCID: PMC6540258 DOI: 10.3390/ma12091503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, the corrosion behavior of GH4169 superalloy under alternating oxidation (at 900 °C) and solution immersion (in 3.5% NaCl solution, 30 ± 1 °C) has been studied by SEM, XRD, XPS, and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). The results show that the alternating environment increases the corrosion rate of GH4169. The reaction of NaCl and Cr2O3 generates various volatile and soluble corrosion products, such as Na2Cr2O7, CrCl3, Cl2, and Na2CrO4, at a high temperature. The destruction of the protective Cr2O3 film leads to the increase of defects in the oxide scale, promoting the formation of oxides, such as NiO and Fe2O3, and changes the composition and structure of the oxide film. After repeated iterations, the mixed oxides will result in the spalling of the oxide film because they can reduce the fracture toughness of the corrosion scale. Therefore, the corrosion is comprehensively intensified.
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Li P, Wang W, Gong S, Lv F, Huang H, Luo M, Yang Y, Yang C, Zhou J, Qian C, Wang B, Wang Q, Guo S. Hydrogenated Na 2Ti 3O 7 Epitaxially Grown on Flexible N-Doped Carbon Sponge for Potassium-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:37974-37980. [PMID: 30207451 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b11354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
With its inherent zig-zag layered structure and open framework, Na2Ti3O7 (NTO) is a promising anode material for potassium-ion batteries (KIBs). However, its poor electronic conductivity caused by large band gap (∼3.7 eV) usually leads to low-performance KIBs. In this work, we synthesize the fluff-like hydrogenated Na2Ti3O7 (HNTO) nanowires grown on N-doped carbon sponge (CS) as a binder-free and current-collector-free flexible anode for KIBs (denoted as HNTO/CS). High-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electron spin-resonance spectroscopy (ESR) confirm the existence of Ti-OHs and O vacancies in HNTO. The first-principles calculation discloses that both Ti-OHs and O vacancies are equivalent to n-type doping because they can shift the Fermi level up to the conduction band, thus leading to a higher electronic conductivity and better performance for KIBs. In addition, the N-doped CS can further reinforce the conductivity and avoid the aggregation of HNTO nanowires during cycling. As a result, the as-made HNTO/CS can deliver a capacity of 107.8 mAh g-1 at 100 mA g-1 after 20 cycles, and keep the capacity of 90.9% and 82.5% after 200 and 1555 cycles, respectively, much better than the samples without hydrogenation treatment or N-doped CS and reported KTi xO y-based materials. Our work highlights the importance of hydrogenation treatment and N-doped CS in enhancing the electrochemical property for KIBs.
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Sreekanth TVM, Shim JJ, Lee YR. Degradation of organic pollutants by bio-inspired rectangular and hexagonal titanium dioxide nanostructures. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 169:90-95. [PMID: 28297682 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Dyes are used in textile, printing, leather, pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries. Dyes add color and pattern to materials. The presence of even very low concentration of dyes/dyes degradation products in effluent is highly toxic to humans and aquatic organisms. It is important to remove these dye degradation pollutants from the industrial effluents before their disposal. In recent years nanoparticles have been used for the removal of dyes from industrial waste water. Titanium dioxide nanostructures (TiO2 NS) were synthesized via a one-step facile green process. The formation of TiO2 NS was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. Anatase (~76%) and rutile (~24%) phases were present, as determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to study the surface oxidation states of the TiO2 NS. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) images revealed that the samples had hexagonal and rectangular morphologies, with diameters of ~24-32nm. The TiO2 NS were used to evaluate the photocatalytic activities of methylene blue (MB) and malachite green (MG) dyes under UV light and in dark conditions. After 60min of UV irradiation, nearly 71% of the MB and 78% of the MG was decolorized in the presence of as-synthesized TiO2 NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- T V M Sreekanth
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Jin Shim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Rok Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
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Zha R, Chen M, Shi T, Nadimicherla R, Jiang T, Zhang Z, Zhang M. Double dimensionally ordered nanostructures: toward a multifunctional reinforcing nanohybrid for epoxy resin. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra26365h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multifunctional intercalation between a monodisperse 0D nano-TiO2 ball cactus and 2D layered MMT and their synergistic impacts to the epoxy matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhua Zha
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- P. R. China
| | - Ming Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- P. R. China
| | - Tuo Shi
- Laboratory of Solid State Ionics
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
| | - Reddeppa Nadimicherla
- Laboratory of Solid State Ionics
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
| | - Tongwu Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- P. R. China
| | - Zongwen Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- P. R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center for Energy-Saving Building Materials
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- P. R. China
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Lee JB, Chae OB, Chae S, Ryu JH, Oh SM. Amorphous Vanadium Titanates as a Negative Electrode for Lithium-ion Batteries. J ELECTROCHEM SCI TE 2016. [DOI: 10.5229/jecst.2016.7.4.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Lee JB, Chae OB, Chae S, Ryu JH, Oh SM. Amorphous Vanadium Titanates as a Negative Electrode for Lithium-ion Batteries. J ELECTROCHEM SCI TE 2016. [DOI: 10.33961/jecst.2016.7.4.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abstract
Nanostructured TiO2 particles with different morphologies obtained by a universal method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhua Zha
- Laboratory of Solid State Ionics
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- P.R. China
| | - Reddeppa Nadimicherla
- Laboratory of Solid State Ionics
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- P.R. China
| | - Xin Guo
- Laboratory of Solid State Ionics
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- P.R. China
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Acevedo-Peña P, González F, González G, González I. The effect of anatase crystal orientation on the photoelectrochemical performance of anodic TiO2 nanotubes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:26213-20. [PMID: 25363536 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp03930k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
TiO2 nanotube films were prepared by anodizing Ti plates in ethylene glycol based electrolytes containing variable concentrations of ammonium fluoride and water. The morphology, optical and semiconducting properties, as well as the composition of TiO2 films were shown to be dependent on the anodizing bath composition. Among different film properties, only the preferential orientation of anatase crystals, quantified with the texture coefficient of the (004) plane, TC(004), showed the same dependence of photoelectrochemical performance on the electrolyte composition. The increased value of TC(004) was related to anatase crystals piling up in the [001] direction (normal to the plane of the Ti substrate), forming a fiber like texture structure along the tube that facilitates the transport of photogenerated electrons toward the conducting substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Próspero Acevedo-Peña
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186. Col. Vicentina, 09340, Ciudad de México, D.F., Mexico.
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Zhang T, Isobe S, Wang Y, Hashimoto N, Ohnuki S. A Homogeneous Metal Oxide Catalyst Enhanced Solid-Solid Reaction in the Hydrogen Desorption of a Lithium-Hydrogen-Nitrogen System. ChemCatChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201301068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Acevedo-Peña P, Lartundo-Rojas L, González I. Effect of water and fluoride content on morphology and barrier layer properties of TiO2 nanotubes grown in ethylene glycol-based electrolytes. J Solid State Electrochem 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-013-2212-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Karthick S, Prabakar K, Subramania A, Hong JT, Jang JJ, Kim HJ. Formation of anatase TiO2 nanoparticles by simple polymer gel technique and their properties. POWDER TECHNOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2010.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Na HJ, Lee JW, Lee WK, Lim JH, Park HG, Kim BY, Hwang JY, Han JM, Seo DS. Titanium dioxide surface modification via ion-beam bombardment for vertical alignment of nematic liquid crystal. OPTICS LETTERS 2010; 35:1151-1153. [PMID: 20410949 DOI: 10.1364/ol.35.001151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We introduce the characteristics of the titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) inorganic film deposited by rf magnetron sputtering for liquid crystal display applications. The TiO(2) films demonstrated vertical alignment (VA) of the liquid crystals (LCs) obtained by using ion-beam (IB) bombardment. As observed by using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the chemical structure of the TiO(2) was changed by IB bombardment, altering the Ti-O bonding of the Ti 2p spectra to lower intensity levels. Breaking Ti-O bonding by IB bombardment created pretilt angles between the TiO(2) film and LC molecules. The better voltage-transmittance characteristics of the VA LCDs based on TiO(2) film were measured and compared with the same characteristics of polyimide film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jae Na
- Information Display Device Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University,262 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
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Kunze J, Ghicov A, Hildebrand H, Macak JM, Traveira L, Schmuki P. Challenges in the Surface Analytical Characterisation of Anodic TiO2Films – a Review. Z PHYS CHEM 2005. [DOI: 10.1524/zpch.2005.219.11.1561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Rivière JC, Netzer FP, Rosina G. Characterization of the annealed CoTi (110) surface and its interaction with molecular oxygen at room temperature. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 1992. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.740180507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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