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Choudhary AG, Awathale SN, Dudhabhate BB, Pawar N, Jadhav G, Upadhya MA, Khedkar T, Gadhikar YA, Sakharkar AJ, Subhedar NK, Kokare DM. Response of nitrergic system in the brain of rat conditioned to intracranial self-stimulation. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 38445395 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The role of nitrergic system in modulating the action of psychostimulants on reward processing is well established. However, the relevant anatomical underpinnings and scope of the involved interactions with mesolimbic dopaminergic system have not been clarified. Using immunohistochemistry, we track the changes in neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) containing cell groups in the animals conditioned to intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) via an electrode implanted in the lateral hypothalamus-medial forebrain bundle (LH-MFB) area. An increase in the nNOS immunoreactivity was noticed in the cells and fibers in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and nucleus accumbens shell (AcbSh), the primary loci of the reward system. In addition, nNOS was up-regulated in the nucleus accumbens core (AcbC), vertical limb of diagonal band (VDB), locus coeruleus (LC), lateral hypothalamus (LH), superficial gray layer (SuG) of the superior colliculus, and periaqueductal gray (PAG). The brain tissue fragments drawn from these areas showed a change in nNOS mRNA expression, but in opposite direction. Intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of nNOS inhibitor, 7-nitroindazole (7-NI) showed decreased lever press activity in a dose-dependent manner in ICSS task. While an increase in the dopamine (DA) and 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) efflux was noted in the microdialysates collected from the AcbSh of ICSS rats, pre-administration of 7-NI (icv route) attenuated the response. The study identifies nitrergic centers that probably mediate sensory, cognitive, and motor components of the goal-directed behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit G Choudhary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, India
| | - Sanjay N Awathale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, India
| | - Biru B Dudhabhate
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, India
| | - Namrata Pawar
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Gouri Jadhav
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Manoj A Upadhya
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, India
| | - Trupti Khedkar
- Department of Zoology, Nabira Mahavidyalay, Katol, India
| | - Yashashree A Gadhikar
- Department of Zoology, Government Vidarbha Institute of Science and Humanities, Amravati, India
| | - Amul J Sakharkar
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | | | - Dadasaheb M Kokare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, India
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2
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Giri S, Mehta R, Mallick BN. REM Sleep Loss-Induced Elevated Noradrenaline Plays a Significant Role in Neurodegeneration: Synthesis of Findings to Propose a Possible Mechanism of Action from Molecule to Patho-Physiological Changes. Brain Sci 2023; 14:8. [PMID: 38275513 PMCID: PMC10813190 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Wear and tear are natural processes for all living and non-living bodies. All living cells and organisms are metabolically active to generate energy for their routine needs, including for survival. In the process, the cells are exposed to oxidative load, metabolic waste, and bye-products. In an organ, the living non-neuronal cells divide and replenish the lost or damaged cells; however, as neuronal cells normally do not divide, they need special feature(s) for their protection, survival, and sustenance for normal functioning of the brain. The neurons grow and branch as axons and dendrites, which contribute to the formation of synapses with near and far neurons, the basic scaffold for complex brain functions. It is necessary that one or more basic and instinct physiological process(es) (functions) is likely to contribute to the protection of the neurons and maintenance of the synapses. It is known that rapid eye movement sleep (REMS), an autonomic instinct behavior, maintains brain functioning including learning and memory and its loss causes dysfunctions. In this review we correlate the role of REMS and its loss in synaptogenesis, memory consolidation, and neuronal degeneration. Further, as a mechanism of action, we will show that REMS maintains noradrenaline (NA) at a low level, which protects neurons from oxidative damage and maintains neuronal growth and synaptogenesis. However, upon REMS loss, the level of NA increases, which withdraws protection and causes apoptosis and loss of synapses and neurons. We propose that the latter possibly causes REMS loss associated neurodegenerative diseases and associated symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shatrunjai Giri
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur 303007, India;
| | - Rachna Mehta
- Amity Institute of Neuropsychology & Neurosciences, Amity University, Noida 201301, India;
| | - Birendra Nath Mallick
- Amity Institute of Neuropsychology & Neurosciences, Amity University, Noida 201301, India;
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3
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Jadhav G, Dudhabhate BB, Kokare DM, Sakharkar AJ. Gut Microbiota Regulates Epigenetic Remodelling in the Amygdala: A Role in Repeated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (rMTBI)-Induced Anxiety. Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s12035-023-03697-x. [PMID: 37872356 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03697-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota serves in the development and maintenance of phenotype. However, the underlying mechanisms are still in its infancy. The current study shows epigenetic remodelling in the brain as a causal mechanism in the gut microbiota-brain axis. Like in trauma patients, gut dysbiosis and anxiety were comorbid in adult male Wistar rats subjected to repeated mild traumatic brain injuries (rMTBI). rMTBI caused epigenetic dysregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) expression in the amygdala, owing to the formation of transcriptional co-repressor complex due to dynamic interaction between histone deacetylase and DNA methylation modification at the Bdnf gene promoter. The probiosis after faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from healthy naïve rats or by administration of single strain probiotic (SSP), Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG), recuperated rMTBI-induced anxiety. Concurrently, LGG infusion or naïve FMT also dislodged rMTBI-induced co-repressor complex resulting in the normalization of Bdnf expression and neuronal plasticity as measured by Golgi-Cox staining. Furthermore, sodium butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid, produced neurobehavioural effects similar to naïve FMT or LGG administration. Interestingly, the gut microbiota from rMTBI-exposed rats per se was able to provoke anxiety in naïve rats in parallel with BDNF deficits. Therefore, gut microbiota seems to be causally linked with the chromatin remodelling necessary for neuroadaptations via neuronal plasticity which drives experience-dependent behavioural manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gouri Jadhav
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411 007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Biru B Dudhabhate
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, 440 033, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dadasaheb M Kokare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, 440 033, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amul J Sakharkar
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411 007, Maharashtra, India.
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Chen Y, Li W. Rapid eye movement sleep contributes to the formation of new axonal varicosities in mouse cerebellar parallel fibers after motor training. Neurosci Lett 2023; 810:137349. [PMID: 37327855 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Synaptic structural plasticity is essential for the development, learning and memory. It is well established that sleep plays important roles in synaptic plasticity after motor learning. In cerebellar cortex, parallel fibers of granule cells make excitatory synapses to the dendrites of Purkinje cells. However, the synaptic structural dynamics between parallel and Purkinje cells after motor training and the function of sleep in cerebellar synaptic plasticity remain unclear. Here, we used two-photon microscopy to examine presynaptic axonal structural dynamics at parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapses and investigated the effect of REM sleep in synaptic plasticity of mouse cerebellar cortex following motor training. We found that motor training induces higher formation of new axonal varicosities in cerebellar parallel fibers. Our results also indicate that calcium activities of granule cells significantly increase during REM sleep, and REM sleep deprivation prevents motor training-induced formation of axonal varicosities in parallel fibers, suggesting that higher calcium activity of granule cells was crucial for promoting newly formed axonal varicosities after motor training. Together, these findings reveal the effect of motor training on parallel fiber presynaptic structural modification and the important role of REM sleep in synaptic plasticity in cerebellar cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China; School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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5
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Lyons LC, Vanrobaeys Y, Abel T. Sleep and memory: The impact of sleep deprivation on transcription, translational control, and protein synthesis in the brain. J Neurochem 2023; 166:24-46. [PMID: 36802068 PMCID: PMC10919414 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
In countries around the world, sleep deprivation represents a widespread problem affecting school-age children, teenagers, and adults. Acute sleep deprivation and more chronic sleep restriction adversely affect individual health, impairing memory and cognitive performance as well as increasing the risk and progression of numerous diseases. In mammals, the hippocampus and hippocampus-dependent memory are vulnerable to the effects of acute sleep deprivation. Sleep deprivation induces changes in molecular signaling, gene expression and may cause changes in dendritic structure in neurons. Genome wide studies have shown that acute sleep deprivation alters gene transcription, although the pool of genes affected varies between brain regions. More recently, advances in research have drawn attention to differences in gene regulation between the level of the transcriptome compared with the pool of mRNA associated with ribosomes for protein translation following sleep deprivation. Thus, in addition to transcriptional changes, sleep deprivation also affects downstream processes to alter protein translation. In this review, we focus on the multiple levels through which acute sleep deprivation impacts gene regulation, highlighting potential post-transcriptional and translational processes that may be affected by sleep deprivation. Understanding the multiple levels of gene regulation impacted by sleep deprivation is essential for future development of therapeutics that may mitigate the effects of sleep loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa C Lyons
- Program in Neuroscience, Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Yann Vanrobaeys
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Ted Abel
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Chen P, Ban W, Wang W, You Y, Yang Z. The Devastating Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Memory: Lessons from Rodent Models. Clocks Sleep 2023; 5:276-294. [PMID: 37218868 DOI: 10.3390/clockssleep5020022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In this narrative review article, we discuss the role of sleep deprivation (SD) in memory processing in rodent models. Numerous studies have examined the effects of SD on memory, with the majority showing that sleep disorders negatively affect memory. Currently, a consensus has not been established on which damage mechanism is the most appropriate. This critical issue in the neuroscience of sleep remains largely unknown. This review article aims to elucidate the mechanisms that underlie the damaging effects of SD on memory. It also proposes a scientific solution that might explain some findings. We have chosen to summarize literature that is both representative and comprehensive, as well as innovative in its approach. We examined the effects of SD on memory, including synaptic plasticity, neuritis, oxidative stress, and neurotransmitters. Results provide valuable insights into the mechanisms by which SD impairs memory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinqiu Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Weikang Ban
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wenyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Yuyang You
- School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhihong Yang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
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Pittner K, Rasmussen J, Lim MM, Gilmore JH, Styner M, Entringer S, Wadhwa PD, Buss C. Sleep across the first year of life is prospectively associated with brain volume in 12-months old infants. Neurobiol Sleep Circadian Rhythms 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbscr.2023.100091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
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Bolsius YG, Heckman PRA, Paraciani C, Wilhelm S, Raven F, Meijer EL, Kas MJH, Ramirez S, Meerlo P, Havekes R. Recovering object-location memories after sleep deprivation-induced amnesia. Curr Biol 2023; 33:298-308.e5. [PMID: 36577400 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
It is well established that sleep deprivation after learning impairs hippocampal memory processes and can cause amnesia. It is unknown, however, whether sleep deprivation leads to the loss of information or merely the suboptimal storage of information that is difficult to retrieve. Here, we show that hippocampal object-location memories formed under sleep deprivation conditions can be successfully retrieved multiple days following training, using optogenetic dentate gyrus (DG) memory engram activation or treatment with the clinically approved phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor roflumilast. Moreover, the combination of optogenetic DG memory engram activation and roflumilast treatment, 2 days following training and sleep deprivation, made the memory more persistently accessible for retrieval even several days later (i.e., without further optogenetic or pharmacological manipulation). Altogether, our studies in mice demonstrate that sleep deprivation does not necessarily cause memory loss but instead leads to the suboptimal storage of information that cannot be retrieved without drug treatment or optogenetic stimulation. Furthermore, our findings suggest that object-location memories, consolidated under sleep deprivation conditions and thought to be lost, can be made accessible again several days after the learning and sleep deprivation episode, using the clinically approved PDE4 inhibitor roflumilast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youri G Bolsius
- Neurobiology Expertise Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Pim R A Heckman
- Neurobiology Expertise Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Camilla Paraciani
- Neurobiology Expertise Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sophia Wilhelm
- Neurobiology Expertise Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Frank Raven
- Neurobiology Expertise Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Elroy L Meijer
- Neurobiology Expertise Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Martien J H Kas
- Neurobiology Expertise Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Steve Ramirez
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, The Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Peter Meerlo
- Neurobiology Expertise Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Robbert Havekes
- Neurobiology Expertise Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Lin JH, Chen XH, Wu Y, Cao YB, Chen HJ, Huang NX. Altered isotropic volume fraction in gray matter after sleep deprivation and its association with visuospatial memory: A neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging study. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1144802. [PMID: 37034160 PMCID: PMC10076534 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1144802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) studies have revealed microstructural abnormalities in white matter resulting from sleep deprivation (SD). This study aimed to adopt neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) to investigate the effect of SD on gray matter (GM) microstructural properties and its association to visuospatial memory (VSM). Methods Twenty-four healthy women underwent two sessions of dMRI scanning and visuospatial ability assessment by Complex Figure Test (CFT), once during rested wakefulness (RW) and once after 24 h of SD. We calculated NODDI metrics, including intracellular volume fraction (ICVF), orientation dispersion index (ODI), and isotropic volume fraction (ISO). Differences in NODDI-related metrics between RW and SD were determined using a voxel-wise paired t-test. We identified an association between NODDI metrics and CFT results using Spearman's correlation coefficient. Results Sleep deprivation worsened subjects' performance in the delayed-CFT trial. We observed no significant difference in ICVF and ODI between RW and SD. After SD, subjects showed decreases in ISO, primarily in the prefrontal cortex and temporal lobe, while exhibiting ISO increases in the anterior and posterior cerebellar lobe and cerebellar vermis. Furthermore, ISO change in the left superior, middle and inferior frontal gyrus was significantly correlated with completion time change in delayed-CFT trial performance. Conclusion Our results suggested that SD hardly affected the density and spatial organization of neurites in GM, but the extra-neurite water molecule diffusion process was affected (perhaps resulting from neuroinflammation), which contributed to VSM dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hui Lin
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xu-Hui Chen
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ye Wu
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun-Bin Cao
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hua-Jun Chen
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hua-Jun Chen,
| | - Nao-Xin Huang
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Nao-Xin Huang,
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Zamore Z, Veasey SC. Neural consequences of chronic sleep disruption. Trends Neurosci 2022; 45:678-691. [PMID: 35691776 PMCID: PMC9388586 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies in both humans and animal models call into question the completeness of recovery after chronic sleep disruption. Studies in humans have identified cognitive domains particularly vulnerable to delayed or incomplete recovery after chronic sleep disruption, including sustained vigilance and episodic memory. These findings, in turn, provide a focus for animal model studies to critically test the lasting impact of sleep loss on the brain. Here, we summarize the human response to sleep disruption and then discuss recent findings in animal models examining recovery responses in circuits pertinent to vigilance and memory. We then propose pathways of injury common to various forms of sleep disruption and consider the implications of this injury in aging and in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Zamore
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sigrid C Veasey
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Huang B, Sun B, Yang R, Liang S, Li X, Guo Y, Meng Q, Fu Y, Li W, Zhao P, Gong M, Shi Y, Song L, Wang S, Yuan F, Shi H. Long-lasting effects of postweaning sleep deprivation on cognitive function and social behaviors in adult mice. Neuropharmacology 2022; 215:109164. [PMID: 35716724 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Sleep deprivation (SD) has adverse effects on physical and mental health. Recently increasing attention has been given to SD in the early-life stage. However, the effects and mechanisms of postweaning SD on cognitive function and social behaviors are still unclear. In this study, SD was conducted in mice from postnatal Day 21 (PND21) to PND42, 6 h a day. Meanwhile, changes in body weight, food and water intake were continuously monitored. Behavioral tests were carried out in adulthood of mice. The levels of serum corticosterone, the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and the anti-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-10 (IL-10), vasopressin (VP) and oxytocin (OT) were measured by ELISA. Golgi staining was used to calculate neural dendritic spine density in the dorsal hippocampus (dHPC) CA1 region and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). We found that postweaning SD increased the food intake and the weight of female mice. Behavioral results showed that postweaning SD caused cognitive impairment and lowered social dominance in adult male mice but not in female mice. ELISA results showed that SD increased the levels of serum corticosterone, VP and OT in male mice and serum OT in female mice. Golgi staining analysis showed that SD decreased neural dendritic spine density in the dHPC in male mice. These results suggest that postweaning SD has a long-term effect on social dominance and cognitive function in male mice, which may provide a new insight into the role of SD in regulating cognitive function and social behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boya Huang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medicinal University, 050017, China
| | - Binhuang Sun
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medicinal University, 050017, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medicinal University, 050017, China
| | - Shihao Liang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medicinal University, 050017, China
| | - Xinrui Li
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medicinal University, 050017, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medicinal University, 050017, China
| | - Qian Meng
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medicinal University, 050017, China
| | - Yaling Fu
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medicinal University, 050017, China
| | - Wenshuya Li
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Penghui Zhao
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Miao Gong
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medicinal University, 050017, China
| | - Yun Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medicinal University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Li Song
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medicinal University, 050017, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medicinal University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medicinal University, 050017, China
| | - Fang Yuan
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medicinal University, 050017, China
| | - Haishui Shi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Hebei Medicinal University, 050017, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medicinal University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
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Bolsius YG, Meerlo P, Kas MJ, Abel T, Havekes R. Sleep deprivation reduces the density of individual spine subtypes in a branch-specific fashion in CA1 neurons. J Sleep Res 2022; 31:e13438. [PMID: 34263991 PMCID: PMC8760357 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Sleep deprivation has a negative impact on hippocampus-dependent memory, which is thought to depend on cellular plasticity. We previously found that 5 h of sleep deprivation robustly decreases dendritic spine density in the CA1 area of the hippocampus in adult male mice. However, recent work by others suggests that sleep deprivation increases the density of certain spine types on specific dendritic branches. Based on these recent findings and our previous work, we conducted a more in-depth analysis of different spine types on branches 1, 2 and 5 of both apical and basal dendrites to assess whether 5 h of sleep deprivation may have previously unrecognized spine-type and branch-specific effects. This analysis shows no spine-type specific changes on branch 1 and 2 of apical dendrites after sleep deprivation. In contrast, sleep deprivation decreases the number of mushroom and branched spines on branch 5. Likewise, sleep deprivation reduces thin, mushroom and filopodia spine density on branch 5 of the basal dendrites, without affecting spines on branch 1 and 2. Our findings indicate that sleep deprivation leads to local branch-specific reduction in the density of individual spine types, and that local effects might not reflect the overall impact of sleep deprivation on CA1 structural plasticity. Moreover, our analysis underscores that focusing on a subset of dendritic branches may lead to potential misinterpretation of the overall impact of, in this case, sleep deprivation on structural plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youri G Bolsius
- Neurobiology expertise group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Meerlo
- Neurobiology expertise group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ted Abel
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Robbert Havekes
- Neurobiology expertise group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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13
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Awathale SN, Waghade AM, Kawade HM, Jadhav G, Choudhary AG, Sagarkar S, Sakharkar AJ, Subhedar NK, Kokare DM. Neuroplastic Changes in the Superior Colliculus and Hippocampus in Self-rewarding Paradigm: Importance of Visual Cues. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 59:890-915. [PMID: 34797522 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02597-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Coincident excitation via different sensory modalities encoding objects of positive salience is known to facilitate learning and memory. With a view to dissect the contribution of visual cues in inducing adaptive neural changes, we monitored the lever press activity of a rat conditioned to self-administer sweet food pellets in the presence/absence of light cues. Application of light cues facilitated learning and consolidation of long-term memory. The superior colliculus (SC) of rats trained on light cue showed increased neuronal activity, dendritic branching, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein and mRNA expression. Concomitantly, the hippocampus showed augmented neurogenesis as well as BDNF protein and mRNA expression. While intra-SC administration of U0126 (inhibitor of ERK 1/2 and long-term memory) impaired memory formation, lidocaine (local anaesthetic) hindered memory recall. The light cue-dependent sweet food pellet self-administration was coupled with increased efflux of dopamine (DA) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) in the nucleus accumbens shell (AcbSh). In conditioned rats, pharmacological inhibition of glutamatergic signalling in dentate gyrus (DG) reduced lever press activity, as well as DA and DOPAC secretion in the AcbSh. We suggest that the neuroplastic changes in the SC and hippocampus might represent memory engrams sculpted by visual cues encoding reward information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay N Awathale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, 440 033, India
| | - Akash M Waghade
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, 440 033, India
| | - Harish M Kawade
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, 440 033, India
| | - Gouri Jadhav
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411 007, India
| | - Amit G Choudhary
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411 008, India
| | - Sneha Sagarkar
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411 007, India
| | - Amul J Sakharkar
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411 007, India
| | - Nishikant K Subhedar
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411 008, India
| | - Dadasaheb M Kokare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, 440 033, India.
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14
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Pei W, Meng F, Deng Q, Zhang B, Gu Y, Jiao B, Xu H, Tan J, Zhou X, Li Z, He G, Ruan J, Ding Y. Electroacupuncture promotes the survival and synaptic plasticity of hippocampal neurons and improvement of sleep deprivation-induced spatial memory impairment. CNS Neurosci Ther 2021; 27:1472-1482. [PMID: 34623740 PMCID: PMC8611786 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims This study aimed to investigate whether electroacupuncture (EA) promotes the survival and synaptic plasticity of hippocampal neurons by activating brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tyrosine receptor kinase (TrkB)/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (Erk) signaling, thereby improving spatial memory deficits in rats under SD. Methods In vivo, Morris water maze (MWM) was used to detect the effect of EA on learning and memory, at the same time Western blotting (WB), immunofluorescence (IF), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to explore the plasticity of hippocampal neurons and synapses, and the expression of BDNF/TrkB/Erk signaling. In vitro, cultured hippocampal neurons were treated with exogenous BDNF and the TrkB inhibitor K252a to confirm the relationship between BDNF/TrkB/Erk signaling and synaptic plasticity. Results Our results showed that EA mitigated the loss of hippocampal neurons and synapses, stimulated hippocampal neurogenesis, and improved learning and memory of rats under SD accompanied by upregulation of BDNF and increased phosphorylation of TrkB and Erk. In cultured hippocampal neurons, exogenous BDNF enhanced the expression of synaptic proteins, the frequency of the postsynaptic currents, and the phosphorylation of TrkB and Erk; these effects were reversed by treatment with K252a. Conclusions Electroacupuncture alleviates SD‐induced spatial memory impairment by promoting hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity via activation of BDNF/TrkB/Erk signaling, which provided evidence for EA as a therapeutic strategy for countering the adverse effects of SD on cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Pei
- Department of Acupuncture, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fanqi Meng
- Department of Acupuncture, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingwen Deng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baobao Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Gu
- Guangzhou Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Boyu Jiao
- Department of Acupuncture, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoyu Xu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiuqing Tan
- Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Acupuncture, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiling Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guanheng He
- Department of Acupuncture, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingwen Ruan
- Department of Acupuncture, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Ding
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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15
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LSD1-BDNF activity in lateral hypothalamus-medial forebrain bundle area is essential for reward seeking behavior. Prog Neurobiol 2021; 202:102048. [PMID: 33798614 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2021.102048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Reward induces activity-dependant gene expression and synaptic plasticity-related changes. Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1 (LSD1), a key enzyme driving histone modifications, regulates transcription in neural circuits of memory and emotional behavior. Herein, we focus on the role of LSD1 in modulating the expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), the master regulator of synaptic plasticity, in the lateral hypothalamus-medial forebrain bundle (LH-MFB) circuit during positive reinforcement. Rats, trained for intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) via an electrode-cannula assembly in the LH-MFB area, were assayed for lever press activity, epigenetic parameters and dendritic sprouting. LSD1 expression and markers of synaptic plasticity like BDNF and dendritic arborization in the LH, showed distinct increase in conditioned animals. H3K4me2 levels at Bdnf IV and Bdnf IX promoters were increased in ICSS-conditioned rats, but H3K9me2 was decreased. While intra LH-MFB treatment with pan Lsd1 siRNA inhibited lever press activity, analyses of LH tissue showed reduction in BDNF expression and levels of H3K4me2 and H3K9me2. However, co-administration of BDNF peptide restored lever press activity mitigated by Lsd1 siRNA. BDNF expression in LH, driven by LSD1 via histone demethylation, may play an important role in reshaping the reward pathway and hold the key to decode the molecular basis of addiction.
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16
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Renormalizing synapses in sleep: The clock is ticking. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 191:114533. [PMID: 33771494 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sleep has been hypothesized to renormalize synapses potentiated in wakefulness. This is proposed to lead to a net reduction in synaptic strength after sleep in brain areas like the cortex and hippocampus. Biological clocks, however, exert independent effects on these synapses that may explain some of the reported differences after wake and sleep. These include changes in synaptic morphology, molecules and efficacy. In this commentary, I discuss why no firm conclusions should be drawn concerning the role of sleep in synaptic renormalization until the role of circadian rhythms are isolated and determined.
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17
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Post-learning micro- and macro-structural neuroplasticity changes with time and sleep. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 191:114369. [PMID: 33338474 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Neuroplasticity refers to the fact that our brain can partially modify both structure and function to adequately respond to novel environmental stimulations. Neuroplasticity mechanisms are not only operating during the acquisition of novel information (i.e., online) but also during the offline periods that take place after the end of the actual learning episode. Structural brain changes as a consequence of learning have been consistently demonstrated on the long term using non-invasive neuroimaging methods, but short-term changes remained more elusive. Fortunately, the swift development of advanced MR methods over the last decade now allows tracking fine-grained cerebral changes on short timescales beyond gross volumetric modifications stretching over several days or weeks. Besides a mere effect of time, post-learning sleep mechanisms have been shown to play an important role in memory consolidation and promote long-lasting changes in neural networks. Sleep was shown to contribute to structural modifications over weeks of prolonged training, but studies evidencing more rapid post-training sleep structural effects linked to memory consolidation are still scarce in human. On the other hand, animal studies convincingly show how sleep might modulate synaptic microstructure. We aim here at reviewing the literature establishing a link between different types of training/learning and the resulting structural changes, with an emphasis on the role of post-training sleep and time in tuning these modifications. Open questions are raised such as the role of post-learning sleep in macrostructural changes, the links between different MR structural measurement-related modifications and the underlying microstructural brain processes, and bidirectional influences between structural and functional brain changes.
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18
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Jasinska M, Woznicka O, Jasek-Gajda E, Lis GJ, Pyza E, Litwin JA. Circadian Changes of Dendritic Spine Geometry in Mouse Barrel Cortex. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:578881. [PMID: 33117123 PMCID: PMC7550732 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.578881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian rhythmicity changes the density and shape of dendritic spines in mouse somatosensory barrel cortex, influencing their stability and maturation. In this study, we analyzed the main geometric parameters of dendritic spines reflecting the strength of synapses located on these spines under light/dark (12:12) and constant darkness conditions, in order to distinguish between endogenously regulated and light-driven parameters. Using morphological analysis of serial electron micrographs, as well as three-dimensional reconstructions, we found that the light induces elongation of single-synapse spine necks and increases in the diameter of double-synapse spine necks, increasing and decreasing the isolation of synapses from the parent dendrite, respectively. During the subjective night of constant darkness, we observed an enlargement of postsynaptic density area in inhibitory synapses and an increase in the number of polyribosomes inside double-synapse spines. The results show that both endogenous effect (circadian clock/locomotor activity) and light affect the morphological parameters of single- and double-synapse spines in the somatosensory cortex: light reduces the efficiency of excitatory synapses on single-synapse spines, increases the effect of synaptic transmission in double-synapse spines, and additionally masks the endogenous clock-driven enlargement of inhibitory synapses located on double-synapse spines. This indicates a special role of double-synapse spines and their inhibitory synapses in the regulation of synaptic transmission during both circadian and diurnal cycles in the mouse somatosensory cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Jasinska
- Department of Histology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Olga Woznicka
- Department of Cell Biology and Imaging, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Jasek-Gajda
- Department of Histology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Grzegorz J Lis
- Department of Histology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Pyza
- Department of Cell Biology and Imaging, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jan A Litwin
- Department of Histology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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19
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Sun J, Zhao R, Yang X, Deng H, Zhu Y, Chen Y, Yuan K, Xi Y, Yin H, Qin W. Alteration of Brain Gray Matter Density After 24 h of Sleep Deprivation in Healthy Adults. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:754. [PMID: 32903801 PMCID: PMC7438917 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that one night of acute sleep deprivation (SD) could induce brain structural changes at the synaptic and neuronal levels in animal studies, and could lead to white matter microstructure and cortical thickness change in human neuroimaging studies. In this study, we focused on changes of brain gray matter density (GMD) after one night of acute SD, which has not been explored previously. Twenty-three normal young participants completed the experiment. Each participant underwent twice T1-weighted structural image scanning with one at 08:00 after normal sleep [resting wakeful (RW)] and the other at 08:00 after 24 h of SD. Using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis by FSL-VBM software, we compared GMD between RW and SD. In addition, the gray matter volume (GMV) and cortical thickness (CT) were also calculated based on volumetric and surface measures with FreeSurfer software. The psychomotor vigilance test (PVT) and the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) were performed and evaluated for correlation analysis with GMD, GMV, and CT of the significant regions. Our results showed that the GMD in the right frontal pole (FP), right superior frontal gyrus (SFG), and right middle frontal gyrus significantly increased and GMV and CT in the right temporal pole (TP) significantly decreased after 24 h of acute SD. SD-induced changes in GMD in the right middle frontal gyrus were positively correlated with the changes of KSS scores (Spearman’s correlation r = 0.625, p = 0.0014, Bonferroni correction with p < 0.05/25). Taken together, our findings suggested that one night of acute SD could induce substantial brain structure changes and the alterations in GMD in the right middle frontal gyrus (MFG) might be implicated in sleepiness after SD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- School of Electronics and Information, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuejuan Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hui Deng
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuanqiang Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kai Yuan
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yibin Xi
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong Yin
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Qin
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
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20
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Erfanizadeh M, Noorafshan A, Namavar MR, Karbalay-Doust S, Talaei-Khozani T. Curcumin prevents neuronal loss and structural changes in the superior cervical (sympathetic) ganglion induced by chronic sleep deprivation, in the rat model. Biol Res 2020; 53:31. [PMID: 32650839 PMCID: PMC7350621 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-020-00300-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In modern societies, sleep deprivation is a serious health problem. This problem could be induced by a variety of reasons, including lifestyle habits or neurological disorders. Chronic sleep deprivation (CSD) could have complex biological consequences, such as changes in neural autonomic control, increased oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses. The superior cervical ganglion (SCG) is an important sympathetic component of the autonomic nervous system. CSD can lead to a wide range of neurological consequences in SCG, which mainly supply innervations to circadian system and other structures. As the active component of Curcuma longa, curcumin possesses many therapeutic properties; including neuroprotective. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of CSD on the SCG histomorphometrical changes and the protective effect of curcumin in preventing these changes. Methods Thirty-six male rats were randomly assigned to the control, curcumin, CSD, CSD + curcumin, grid floor control, and grid floor + curcumin groups. The CSD was induced by a modified multiple platform apparatus for 21 days and animals were sacrificed at the end of CSD or treatment, and their SCGs removed for stereological and TUNEL evaluations and also spatial arrangement of neurons in this structure. Results Concerning stereological findings, CSD significantly reduced the volume of SCG and its total number of neurons and satellite glial cells in comparison with the control animals (P < 0.05). Treatment of CSD with curcumin prevented these decreases. Furthermore, TUNEL evaluation showed significant apoptosis in the SCG cells in the CSD group, and treatment with curcumin significantly decreased this apoptosis (P < 0.01). This decrease in apoptosis was observed in all control groups that received curcumin. CSD also changed the spatial arrangement of ganglionic neurons into a random pattern, whereas treatment with curcumin preserved its regular pattern. Conclusions CSD could potentially induce neuronal loss and structural changes including random spatial distribution in the SCG neurons. Deleterious effects of sleep deprivation could be prevented by the oral administration of curcumin. Furthermore, the consumption of curcumin in a healthy person might lead to a reduction of cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboobeh Erfanizadeh
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Noorafshan
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. .,Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Centre, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 71348-45794, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Namavar
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. .,Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Centre, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 71348-45794, Shiraz, Iran. .,Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 71348-45794, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Saied Karbalay-Doust
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Centre, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 71348-45794, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Tahereh Talaei-Khozani
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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21
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Abstract
Sleep-dependent synaptic plasticity is crucial for optimal cognition. However, establishing the direction of synaptic plasticity during sleep has been particularly challenging since data in support of both synaptic potentiation and depotentiation have been reported. This review focuses on structural synaptic plasticity across sleep and wake and summarizes recent developments in the use of 3-dimensional electron microscopy as applied to this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Bellesi
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, BS8 1TD Bristol, UK
| | - Luisa de Vivo
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, BS8 1TD Bristol, UK
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22
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Impact of sleep disturbances on neurodegeneration: Insight from studies in animal models. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 139:104820. [PMID: 32087293 PMCID: PMC7593848 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.104820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic short sleep or extended wake periods are commonly observed in most industrialized countries. Previously neurobehavioral impairment following sleep loss was considered to be a readily reversible occurrence, normalized upon recovery sleep. Recent clinical studies suggest that chronic short sleep and sleep disruption may be risk factors for neurodegeneration. Animal models have been instrumental in determining whether disturbed sleep can injure the brain. We now understand that repeated periods of extended wakefulness across the typical sleep period and/or sleep fragmentation can have lasting effects on neurogenesis and select populations of neurons and glia. Here we provide a comprehensive overview of the advancements made using animal models of sleep loss to understand the extent and mechanisms of chronic short sleep induced neural injury.
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23
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Sun L, Zhou H, Cichon J, Yang G. Experience and sleep-dependent synaptic plasticity: from structure to activity. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2020; 375:20190234. [PMID: 32248786 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptic plasticity is important for learning and memory. With increasing evidence linking sleep states to changes in synaptic strength, an emerging view is that sleep promotes learning and memory by facilitating experience-induced synaptic plasticity. In this review, we summarize the recent progress on the function of sleep in regulating cortical synaptic plasticity. Specifically, we outline the electroencephalogram signatures of sleep states (e.g. slow-wave sleep, rapid eye movement sleep, spindles), sleep state-dependent changes in gene and synaptic protein expression, synaptic morphology, and neuronal and network activity. We highlight studies showing that post-experience sleep potentiates experience-induced synaptic changes and discuss the potential mechanisms that may link sleep-related brain activity to synaptic structural remodelling. We conclude that both synapse formation or strengthening and elimination or weakening occur across sleep. This sleep-dependent synaptic plasticity plays an important role in neuronal circuit refinement during development and after learning, while sleep disorders may contribute to or exacerbate the development of common neurological diseases. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Memory reactivation: replaying events past, present and future'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph Cichon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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24
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Christensen J, Yamakawa GR, Salberg S, Wang M, Kolb B, Mychasiuk R. Caffeine consumption during development alters spine density and recovery from repetitive mild traumatic brain injury in young adult rats. Synapse 2019; 74:e22142. [PMID: 31705690 DOI: 10.1002/syn.22142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Caffeine is the most commonly used psychostimulant throughout the world, with its consumption being especially prevalent among adolescents and young adults, as over 75% of this group consumes caffeine daily. Similarly, the adolescent and young adult age group exhibit the highest incidence of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Given that both caffeine consumption and mild TBI (mTBI) are more prevalent among the late adolescent/young adult age group and that changes in dendritic spine morphology during this developmental period are poorly understood, this study sought to examine the effects of caffeine consumption during late adolescence/early adulthood on recovery from repetitive mTBI (RmTBI). The study specifically focused on changes to neuronal dendritic morphology as synaptic changes likely underlie long-term behavioral outcomes. The results demonstrate that during young adulthood caffeine consumption differentially affects the RmTBI outcomes of males and females, where the effects of caffeine and RmTBI were often additive in males while being equally detrimental, but rarely additive, in females. In general, caffeine and RmTBI induced the greatest impairments in males on cognitive and motor tasks whereas in females the most significant detriments were on pain-related tasks. Both caffeine and RmTBI increased spine density in the Cg3 (medial prefrontal cortex [mPFC]), AID (orbitofrontal cortex [OFC]), and nucleus accumbens (NAc), which is proposed to reflect an impairment in the normal pruning processes. Overall, despite caffeine's neuroprotective abilities among other age groups, this study offers concerning results regarding the detrimental effects of caffeine and RmTBI, in isolation, and especially in combination, in this susceptible population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennaya Christensen
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Glenn R Yamakawa
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sabrina Salberg
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Melinda Wang
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Bryan Kolb
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Richelle Mychasiuk
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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25
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Cao Y, Li Q, Liu L, Wu H, Huang F, Wang C, Lan Y, Zheng F, Xing F, Zhou Q, Li Q, Shi H, Zhang B, Wang Z, Wu X. Modafinil protects hippocampal neurons by suppressing excessive autophagy and apoptosis in mice with sleep deprivation. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:1282-1297. [PMID: 30767208 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Sleep deprivation compromises learning and memory in both humans and animals, and can be reversed by administration of modafinil, a drug promoting wakefulness. Dysfunctional autophagy increases activation of apoptotic cascades, ultimately leading to increased neuronal death, which can be alleviated by autophagy inhibitors. This study aimed to investigate the alleviative effect and mechanism of modafinil on the excessive autophagy occurring in the hippocampus of mice with deficiency of learning and memory induced by sleep deprivation. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The Morris water maze was used to assess the effects of modafinil on male C57BL/6Slac mice after 48-hr sleep deprivation. The HT-22 hippocampal neuronal cell line was also used. Nissl staining, transmission electron microscope, immunofluorescence, Western blot, transient transfection, and autophagy inducer were used to study the effect and mechanism of modafinil on hippocampal neurons with excessive autophagy and apoptosis. KEY RESULTS Modafinil improved learning and memory in sleep-deprived mice, associated with the inhibition of excessive autophage and apoptosis and an enhanced activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR/P70S6K signalling pathway in hippocampal neurons. These effects of modafinil were abolished by rapamycin. In addition, modafinil suppressed the aberrant autophagy and apoptosis induced by rapamycin and reactivated PI3K/Akt/mTOR/P70S6K signals in HT-22 cells. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These results suggested that modafinil alleviated impaired learning and memory of sleep-deprived mice potentially by suppressing excessive autophagy and apoptosis of hippocampal neurons. This novel mechanism may add to our knowledge of modafinil in the clinical treatment of impaired memory caused by sleep loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Cao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinglin Li
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of R&D of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Lulu Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Changhong Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunyi Lan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Faping Xing
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailian Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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26
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Kim YK, Nam KI, Song J. The Glymphatic System in Diabetes-Induced Dementia. Front Neurol 2018; 9:867. [PMID: 30429819 PMCID: PMC6220044 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The glymphatic system has emerged as an important player in central nervous system (CNS) diseases, by regulating the vasculature impairment, effectively controlling the clearance of toxic peptides, modulating activity of astrocytes, and being involved in the circulation of neurotransmitters in the brain. Recently, several studies have indicated decreased activity of the glymphatic pathway under diabetes conditions such as in insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. Furthermore, diabetes leads to the disruption of the blood-brain barrier and decrease of apolipoprotein E (APOE) expression and the secretion of norepinephrine in the brain, involving the impairment of the glymphatic pathway and ultimately resulting in cognitive decline. Considering the increased prevalence of diabetes-induced dementia worldwide, the relationship between the glymphatic pathway and diabetes-induced dementia should be investigated and the mechanisms underlying their relationship should be discussed to promote the development of an effective therapeutic approach in the near future. Here, we have reviewed recent evidence for the relationship between glymphatic pathway dysfunction and diabetes. We highlight that the enhancement of the glymphatic system function during sleep may be beneficial to the attenuation of neuropathology in diabetes-induced dementia. Moreover, we suggest that improving glymphatic system activity may be a potential therapeutic strategy for the prevention of diabetes-induced dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Kook Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Kwang Il Nam
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Juhyun Song
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea.,Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
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27
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Ionov ID, Pushinskaya II, Gorev NP, Frenkel DD. Cyclosomatostatin- and haloperidol-induced catalepsy in Wistar rats: Differential responsiveness to sleep deprivation. Neurosci Lett 2018; 684:72-77. [PMID: 29990558 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Total sleep deprivation (SD) has been found to mitigate motor dysfunctions in Parkinson's disease. Apparently, the similar sensitivity of an animal model for parkinsonism would support the model's validity. Recently, we described catalepsy induced in Wistar rats by somatostatin antagonist, cyclosomatostatin (cSST); this model simulates such a disease-associated abnormality as a fall in brain somatostatin levels. To evaluate the similarity between the cSST model and Parkinson's disease, we assessed here the responsiveness of cSST-induced catalepsy to 1-h and 3-h SD. In parallel, the influence of SD on catalepsy induced by a dopamine receptor antagonist, haloperidol, was examined. It was found that the short-term SD failed to influence cataleptic responses of both types (sleep deprived rats and undisturbed ones displayed a similar duration of immobility, p > 0.05). By contrast, 3-h SD suppressed (p < 0.01) cSST-induced catalepsy, however, enhanced (p < 0.01) cataleptic response to haloperidol. Thus, the anti-cataleptic effect of SD appears to be cSST-specific. These findings support the validity of the cSST-induced catalepsy in Wistar rats as a model for parkinsonian motor dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya D Ionov
- Centre on Theoretical Problems in Physical and Chemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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28
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Delorme JE, Kodoth V, Aton SJ. Sleep loss disrupts Arc expression in dentate gyrus neurons. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2018; 160:73-82. [PMID: 29635031 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Sleep loss affects many aspects of cognition, and memory consolidation processes occurring in the hippocampus seem particularly vulnerable to sleep loss. The immediate-early gene Arc plays an essential role in both synaptic plasticity and memory formation, and its expression is altered by sleep. Here, using a variety of techniques, we have characterized the effects of brief (3-h) periods of sleep vs. sleep deprivation (SD) on the expression of Arc mRNA and Arc protein in the mouse hippocampus and cortex. By comparing the relative abundance of mature Arc mRNA with unspliced pre-mRNA, we see evidence that during SD, increases in Arc across the cortex, but not hippocampus, reflect de novo transcription. Arc increases in the hippocampus during SD are not accompanied by changes in pre-mRNA levels, suggesting that increases in mRNA stability, not transcription, drives this change. Using in situ hybridization (together with behavioral observation to quantify sleep amounts), we find that in the dorsal hippocampus, SD minimally affects Arc mRNA expression, and decreases the number of dentate gyrus (DG) granule cells expressing Arc. This is in contrast to neighboring cortical areas, which show large increases in neuronal Arc expression after SD. Using immunohistochemistry, we find that Arc protein expression is also differentially affected in the cortex and DG with SD - while larger numbers of cortical neurons are Arc+, fewer DG granule cells are Arc+, relative to the same regions in sleeping mice. These data suggest that with regard to expression of plasticity-regulating genes, sleep (and SD) can have differential effects in hippocampal and cortical areas. This may provide a clue regarding the susceptibility of performance on hippocampus-dependent tasks to deficits following even brief periods of sleep loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E Delorme
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Varna Kodoth
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Sara J Aton
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.
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29
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A brief period of sleep deprivation causes spine loss in the dentate gyrus of mice. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2018; 160:83-90. [PMID: 29588221 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2018.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sleep and sleep loss have a profound impact on hippocampal function, leading to memory impairments. Modifications in the strength of synaptic connections directly influences neuronal communication, which is vital for normal brain function, as well as the processing and storage of information. In a recently published study, we found that as little as five hours of sleep deprivation impaired hippocampus-dependent memory consolidation, which was accompanied by a reduction in dendritic spine numbers in hippocampal area CA1. Surprisingly, loss of sleep did not alter the spine density of CA3 neurons. Although sleep deprivation has been reported to affect the function of the dentate gyrus, it is unclear whether a brief period of sleep deprivation impacts spine density in this region. Here, we investigated the impact of a brief period of sleep deprivation on dendritic structure in the dentate gyrus of the dorsal hippocampus. We found that five hours of sleep loss reduces spine density in the dentate gyrus with a prominent effect on branched spines. Interestingly, the inferior blade of the dentate gyrus seems to be more vulnerable in terms of spine loss than the superior blade. This decrease in spine density predominantly in the inferior blade of the dentate gyrus may contribute to the memory deficits observed after sleep loss, as structural reorganization of synaptic networks in this subregion is fundamental for cognitive processes.
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30
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Abstract
Traditional pharmacological treatments for depression have a delayed therapeutic onset, ranging from several weeks to months, and there is a high percentage of individuals who never respond to treatment. In contrast, ketamine produces rapid-onset antidepressant, anti-suicidal, and anti-anhedonic actions following a single administration to patients with depression. Proposed mechanisms of the antidepressant action of ketamine include N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) modulation, gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic interneuron disinhibition, and direct actions of its hydroxynorketamine (HNK) metabolites. Downstream actions include activation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), deactivation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 and eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2), enhanced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling, and activation of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid receptors (AMPARs). These putative mechanisms of ketamine action are not mutually exclusive and may complement each other to induce potentiation of excitatory synapses in affective-regulating brain circuits, which results in amelioration of depression symptoms. We review these proposed mechanisms of ketamine action in the context of how such mechanisms are informing the development of novel putative rapid-acting antidepressant drugs. Such drugs that have undergone pre-clinical, and in some cases clinical, testing include the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist scopolamine, GluN2B-NMDAR antagonists (i.e., CP-101,606, MK-0657), (2R,6R)-HNK, NMDAR glycine site modulators (i.e., 4-chlorokynurenine, pro-drug of the glycineB NMDAR antagonist 7-chlorokynurenic acid), NMDAR agonists [i.e., GLYX-13 (rapastinel)], metabotropic glutamate receptor 2/3 (mGluR2/3) antagonists, GABAA receptor modulators, and drugs acting on various serotonin receptor subtypes. These ongoing studies suggest that the future acute treatment of depression will typically occur within hours, rather than months, of treatment initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panos Zanos
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Rm. 934F MSTF, 685 W. Baltimore St., Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
| | - Scott M Thompson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, St. BRB 5-007, 655 W. Baltimore St., Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Ronald S Duman
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Carlos A Zarate
- Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Todd D Gould
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Rm. 936 MSTF, 685 W. Baltimore St., Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
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31
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Noorafshan A, Karimi F, Kamali AM, Karbalay-Doust S, Nami M. Could curcumin protect the dendritic trees of the CA1 neurons from shortening and shedding induced by chronic sleep restriction in rats? Life Sci 2018; 198:65-70. [PMID: 29455005 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the effect of chronic sleep restriction (CSR) with or without curcumin (CUR) treatment on dendritic lengths and spines of the CA1 hippocampus using the virtual space-ball method. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male rats were randomly submitted to nine groups, including distilled water, CUR (100 mg/kg/day), olive oil, CSR plus distilled water, CSR plus CUR, CSR plus olive oil, grid-floor plus distilled water, grid-floor plus CUR, and grid-floor plus olive oil groups. Sleep deficiency was imposed using the multi-platform box containing water for 18 h/day. In 21 days, animal's brains were prepared for stereological studies. RESULTS The mean dendrite length in CA1 neurons was reduced by 39% (p < 0.05) while the density of stubby, thin, and mushroom spines reduced by 38%, 33% and 32%, respectively (p < 0.01), in the CSR + distilled water group compared to the distilled water group. Yet, CUR treatment in CSR-rats was found to protect the declined dendritic length as well as loss of stubby and mushroom but not thin spines. CONCLUSION The estimated dendritic length using the virtual space-ball method revealed that chronic sleep restriction for 18 h/day over 21 days could induce shortening and shedding of the CA1 dendritic trees which could notably be protected by CUR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Noorafshan
- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Karimi
- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali-Mohammad Kamali
- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Neuroscience Laboratory, NSL (Brain, Cognition and Behavior), Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Students' research committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saied Karbalay-Doust
- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nami
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Neuroscience Laboratory, NSL (Brain, Cognition and Behavior), Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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32
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Restorative effects of curcumin on sleep-deprivation induced memory impairments and structural changes of the hippocampus in a rat model. Life Sci 2017; 189:63-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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33
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Frau R, Bini V, Soggiu A, Scheggi S, Pardu A, Fanni S, Roncada P, Puligheddu M, Marrosu F, Caruso D, Devoto P, Bortolato M. The Neurosteroidogenic Enzyme 5α-Reductase Mediates Psychotic-Like Complications of Sleep Deprivation. Neuropsychopharmacology 2017; 42:2196-2205. [PMID: 28102229 PMCID: PMC5603808 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2017.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Acute sleep deprivation (SD) can trigger or exacerbate psychosis- and mania-related symptoms; the neurobiological basis of these complications, however, remains elusive. Given the extensive involvement of neuroactive steroids in psychopathology, we hypothesized that the behavioral complications of SD may be contributed by 5α-reductase (5αR), the rate-limiting enzyme in the conversion of progesterone into the neurosteroid allopregnanolone. We first tested whether rats exposed to SD may exhibit brain-regional alterations in 5αR isoenzymes and neuroactive steroid levels; then, we assessed whether the behavioral and neuroendocrine alterations induced by SD may be differentially modulated by the administration of the 5αR inhibitor finasteride, as well as progesterone and allopregnanolone. SD selectively enhanced 5αR expression and activity, as well as AP levels, in the prefrontal cortex; furthermore, finasteride (10-100 mg/kg, IP) dose-dependently ameliorated PPI deficits, hyperactivity, and risk-taking behaviors, in a fashion akin to the antipsychotic haloperidol and the mood stabilizer lithium carbonate. Finally, PPI deficits were exacerbated by allopregnanolone (10 mg/kg, IP) and attenuated by progesterone (30 mg/kg, IP) in SD-subjected, but not control rats. Collectively, these results provide the first-ever evidence that 5αR mediates a number of psychosis- and mania-like complications of SD through imbalances in cortical levels of neuroactive steroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Frau
- Department of Biomedical Sciences,
Division of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, Monserrato,
Italy,Tourette Syndrome Center,
Monserrato, Italy,Sleep Medicine Center; University of
Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Valentina Bini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences,
Division of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, Monserrato,
Italy,Tourette Syndrome Center,
Monserrato, Italy
| | - Alessio Soggiu
- ‘L. Spallanzani’ Institute,
Proteomics Section—Department of Veterinary Sciences and Public Health,
University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Scheggi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental
Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy,Department of Pharmacology and
Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake
City, UT, USA
| | - Alessandra Pardu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences,
Division of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, Monserrato,
Italy
| | - Silvia Fanni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences,
Division of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, Monserrato,
Italy
| | - Paola Roncada
- ‘L. Spallanzani’ Institute,
Proteomics Section—Department of Veterinary Sciences and Public Health,
University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Puligheddu
- Tourette Syndrome Center,
Monserrato, Italy,Sleep Medicine Center; University of
Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy,Department of Public Health, Section of
Neurology, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Francesco Marrosu
- Tourette Syndrome Center,
Monserrato, Italy,Sleep Medicine Center; University of
Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy,Department of Public Health, Section of
Neurology, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Donatella Caruso
- Department of Pharmacological and
Biomolecular Sciences, Center of Excellence for Neurodegenerative Diseases,
University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Devoto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences,
Division of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, Monserrato,
Italy,Tourette Syndrome Center,
Monserrato, Italy,Sleep Medicine Center; University of
Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Marco Bortolato
- Department of Pharmacology and
Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake
City, UT, USA,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of
Pharmacy, University of Utah, Skaggs Hall, Room 3916, 30S 2000
E, Salt Lake City
84112, UT, USA, Tel: 801 587 3352, Fax:
801 585 5111, E-mail:
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Byun E, Kim J, Riegel B. Associations of Subjective Sleep Quality and Daytime Sleepiness With Cognitive Impairment in Adults and Elders With Heart Failure. Behav Sleep Med 2017; 15:302-317. [PMID: 27116617 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2015.1133418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the association of subjective nighttime sleep quality and daytime sleepiness with cognitive impairment in 105 adults (< 60 years old) and 167 elders (≥ 60 years old) with heart failure. Nighttime sleep quality and daytime sleepiness were measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Cognitive impairment was assessed using a neuropsychological battery measuring attention, memory, and processing speed. Multivariate logistic regression was used. In adults, daytime sleepiness was associated with cognitive impairment, whereas poor nighttime sleep quality was associated with cognitive impairment in elders. Age may play an important role in how sleep impacts cognition in persons with heart failure. Improving nighttime sleep quality and daytime sleepiness in this population may improve cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eeeseung Byun
- a Department of Family Health Care Nursing , University of California San Francisco School of Nursing , San Francisco , California
| | - Jinyoung Kim
- b School of Nursing , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania
| | - Barbara Riegel
- c Biobehavioral Health Sciences Department, School of Nursing , University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia , Pennsylvania
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35
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Sleep loss and structural plasticity. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2017; 44:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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36
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Raven F, Van der Zee EA, Meerlo P, Havekes R. The role of sleep in regulating structural plasticity and synaptic strength: Implications for memory and cognitive function. Sleep Med Rev 2017. [PMID: 28641933 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic spines are the major sites of synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. Alterations in the strength of synaptic connections directly affect the neuronal communication, which is crucial for brain function as well as the processing and storage of information. Sleep and sleep loss bidirectionally alter structural plasticity, by affecting spine numbers and morphology, which ultimately can affect the functional output of the brain in terms of alertness, cognition, and mood. Experimental data from studies in rodents suggest that sleep deprivation may impact structural plasticity in different ways. One of the current views, referred to as the synaptic homeostasis hypothesis, suggests that wake promotes synaptic potentiation whereas sleep facilitates synaptic downscaling. On the other hand, several studies have now shown that sleep deprivation can reduce spine density and attenuate synaptic efficacy in the hippocampus. These data are the basis for the view that sleep promotes hippocampal structural plasticity critical for memory formation. Altogether, the impact of sleep and sleep loss may vary between regions of the brain. A better understanding of the role that sleep plays in regulating structural plasticity may ultimately lead to novel therapeutic approaches for brain disorders that are accompanied by sleep disturbances and sleep loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Raven
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eddy A Van der Zee
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Meerlo
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Robbert Havekes
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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37
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Ramaker MJ, Dulawa SC. Identifying fast-onset antidepressants using rodent models. Mol Psychiatry 2017; 22:656-665. [PMID: 28322276 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide and a major contributor to the burden of suicide. A major limitation of classical antidepressants is that 2-4 weeks of continuous treatment is required to elicit therapeutic effects, prolonging the period of depression, disability and suicide risk. Therefore, the development of fast-onset antidepressants is crucial. Preclinical identification of fast-onset antidepressants requires animal models that can accurately predict the delay to therapeutic onset. Although several well-validated assay models exist that predict antidepressant potential, few thoroughly tested animal models exist that can detect therapeutic onset. In this review, we discuss and assess the validity of seven rodent models currently used to assess antidepressant onset: olfactory bulbectomy, chronic mild stress, chronic forced swim test, novelty-induced hypophagia (NIH), novelty-suppressed feeding (NSF), social defeat stress, and learned helplessness. We review the effects of classical antidepressants in these models, as well as six treatments that possess fast-onset antidepressant effects in the clinic: electroconvulsive shock therapy, sleep deprivation, ketamine, scopolamine, GLYX-13 and pindolol used in conjunction with classical antidepressants. We also discuss the effects of several compounds that have yet to be tested in humans but have fast-onset antidepressant-like effects in one or more of these antidepressant onset sensitive models. These compounds include selective serotonin (5-HT)2C receptor antagonists, a 5-HT4 receptor agonist, a 5-HT7 receptor antagonist, NMDA receptor antagonists, a TREK-1 receptor antagonist, mGluR antagonists and (2R,6R)-HNK. Finally, we provide recommendations for identifying fast-onset antidepressants using rodent behavioral models and molecular approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Ramaker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - S C Dulawa
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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The tired hippocampus: the molecular impact of sleep deprivation on hippocampal function. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2017; 44:13-19. [PMID: 28242433 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Memory consolidation, the process by which information is stored following training, consists of synaptic consolidation and systems consolidation. It is widely acknowledged that sleep deprivation has a profound effect on synaptic consolidation, particularly for memories that require the hippocampus. It is unclear, however, which of the many molecular changes associated with sleep deprivation directly contribute to memory deficits. In this review, we highlight recent studies showing that sleep deprivation impairs hippocampal cAMP and mTOR signaling, and ultimately causes spine loss in CA1 neurons in a cofilin-dependent fashion. Reversing these molecular alterations made memory consolidation resistant to the negative impact of sleep deprivation. Together, these studies have started to identify the molecular underpinnings by which sleep deprivation impairs synaptic consolidation.
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Barnes AK, Smith SB, Datta S. Beyond Emotional and Spatial Processes: Cognitive Dysfunction in a Depressive Phenotype Produced by Long Photoperiod Exposure. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170032. [PMID: 28060930 PMCID: PMC5218505 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive dysfunction in depression has recently been given more attention and legitimacy as a core symptom of the disorder. However, animal investigations of depression-related cognitive deficits have generally focused on emotional or spatial memory processing. Additionally, the relationship between the cognitive and affective disturbances that are present in depression remains obscure. Interestingly, sleep disruption is one aspect of depression that can be related both to cognition and affect, and may serve as a link between the two. Previous studies have correlated sleep disruption with negative mood and impaired cognition. The present study investigated whether a long photoperiod-induced depressive phenotype showed cognitive deficits, as measured by novel object recognition, and displayed a cognitive vulnerability to an acute period of total sleep deprivation. Adult male Wistar rats were subjected to a long photoperiod (21L:3D) or a normal photoperiod (12L:12D) condition. Our results indicate that our long photoperiod exposed animals showed behaviors in the forced swim test consistent with a depressive phenotype, and showed significant deficits in novel object recognition. Three hours of total sleep deprivation, however, did not significantly change novel object recognition in either group, but the trends suggest that the long photoperiod and normal photoperiod groups had different cognitive responses to total sleep deprivation. Collectively, these results underline the extent of cognitive dysfunction present in depression, and suggest that altered sleep plays a role in generating both the affective and cognitive symptoms of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail K. Barnes
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States of America
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States of America
| | - Summer B. Smith
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States of America
| | - Subimal Datta
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States of America
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States of America
- Program in Comparative and Experimental Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Achariyar TM, Li B, Peng W, Verghese PB, Shi Y, McConnell E, Benraiss A, Kasper T, Song W, Takano T, Holtzman DM, Nedergaard M, Deane R. Glymphatic distribution of CSF-derived apoE into brain is isoform specific and suppressed during sleep deprivation. Mol Neurodegener 2016; 11:74. [PMID: 27931262 PMCID: PMC5146863 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-016-0138-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Apolipoprotein E (apoE) is a major carrier of cholesterol and essential for synaptic plasticity. In brain, it’s expressed by many cells but highly expressed by the choroid plexus and the predominant apolipoprotein in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The role of apoE in the CSF is unclear. Recently, the glymphatic system was described as a clearance system whereby CSF and ISF (interstitial fluid) is exchanged via the peri-arterial space and convective flow of ISF clearance is mediated by aquaporin 4 (AQP4), a water channel. We reasoned that this system also serves to distribute essential molecules in CSF into brain. The aim was to establish whether apoE in CSF, secreted by the choroid plexus, is distributed into brain, and whether this distribution pattern was altered by sleep deprivation. Methods We used fluorescently labeled lipidated apoE isoforms, lenti-apoE3 delivered to the choroid plexus, immunohistochemistry to map apoE brain distribution, immunolabeled cells and proteins in brain, Western blot analysis and ELISA to determine apoE levels and radiolabeled molecules to quantify CSF inflow into brain and brain clearance in mice. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA or Student’s t- test. Results We show that the glymphatic fluid transporting system contributes to the delivery of choroid plexus/CSF-derived human apoE to neurons. CSF-delivered human apoE entered brain via the perivascular space of penetrating arteries and flows radially around arteries, but not veins, in an isoform specific manner (apoE2 > apoE3 > apoE4). Flow of apoE around arteries was facilitated by AQP4, a characteristic feature of the glymphatic system. ApoE3, delivered by lentivirus to the choroid plexus and ependymal layer but not to the parenchymal cells, was present in the CSF, penetrating arteries and neurons. The inflow of CSF, which contains apoE, into brain and its clearance from the interstitium were severely suppressed by sleep deprivation compared to the sleep state. Conclusions Thus, choroid plexus/CSF provides an additional source of apoE and the glymphatic fluid transporting system delivers it to brain via the periarterial space. By implication, failure in this essential physiological role of the glymphatic fluid flow and ISF clearance may also contribute to apoE isoform-specific disorders in the long term. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13024-016-0138-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiyagaragan M Achariyar
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Baoman Li
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.,Laboratory of Brain Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Metabolic Disease Research and Drug Development, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Weiguo Peng
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Philip B Verghese
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, and the Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Yang Shi
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, and the Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Evan McConnell
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Abdellatif Benraiss
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Division of Cell and Gene Therapy, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Tristan Kasper
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Wei Song
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Takahiro Takano
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - David M Holtzman
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, and the Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Maiken Nedergaard
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Rashid Deane
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
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Solis-Gaspar C, Vazquez-Roque RA, De Jesús Gómez-Villalobos M, Flores G. Cerebrolysin improves memory and ameliorates neuronal atrophy in spontaneously hypertensive, aged rats. Synapse 2016; 70:378-89. [DOI: 10.1002/syn.21912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Solis-Gaspar
- Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla; 14 Sur 6301, CP 72570, Puebla México
| | - Ruben A. Vazquez-Roque
- Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla; 14 Sur 6301, CP 72570, Puebla México
| | | | - Gonzalo Flores
- Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla; 14 Sur 6301, CP 72570, Puebla México
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Luo P, Chen C, Lu Y, Fu T, Lu Q, Xu X, Li C, He Z, Guo L. Baclofen ameliorates spatial working memory impairments induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion via up-regulation of HCN2 expression in the PFC in rats. Behav Brain Res 2016; 308:6-13. [PMID: 27085590 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) causes memory deficits and increases the risk of vascular dementia (VD) through several biologically plausible pathways. However, whether CCH causes prefrontal cortex (PFC)-dependent spatial working memory impairments and Baclofen, a GABAB receptor agonist, could ameliorate the impairments is still not clear especially the mechanisms underlying the process. In this study, rats were subjected to permanent bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries (two-vessel occlusion, 2VO) to induce CCH. Two weeks later, rats were treated with 25mg/kg Baclofen (intraperitioneal injection, i.p.) for 3 weeks. Spatial working memory was evaluated in a Morris water maze using a modified delayed matching-to-place (DMP) procedure. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to quantify the protein levels and protein localization. Our results showed that 2VO caused striking spatial working memory impairments, accompanied with a decreased HCN2 expression in PFC, but the protein levels of protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5, a neuron specific protein), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), synaptophysin (SYP), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), parvalbumin (PV) and HCN1 were not distinguishably changed as compared with sham-operated rats. Baclofen treatment significantly improved the spatial working memory impairments caused by 2VO, accompanied with a reversion of 2VO-induced down-regulation of HCN2. Furthermore, there was a co-localization of HCN2 subunits and parvalbumin-positive neurons in PFC. Therefore, HCN2 may target inhibitory interneurons that is implicated in working memory processes, which may be a possible mechanism of the up-regulation of HCN2 by Baclofen treatment that reliefs spatial working memory deficits in rats with CCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yun Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - TianLi Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Qing Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xulin Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Changjun Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhi He
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Medical School of China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China.
| | - Lianjun Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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Flores G, Flores-Gómez GD, de Jesús Gomez-Villalobos M. Neuronal changes after chronic high blood pressure in animal models and its implication for vascular dementia. Synapse 2016; 70:198-205. [DOI: 10.1002/syn.21887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Flores
- Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla. 14 Sur 6301; Puebla 72570 México
| | - Gabriel D. Flores-Gómez
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud; Licenciatura en Medicina. Universidad de las Américas Puebla; Puebla Cholula México
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Xie M, Li C, He C, Yang L, Tan G, Yan J, Wang J, Hu Z. Short-term sleep deprivation disrupts the molecular composition of ionotropic glutamate receptors in entorhinal cortex and impairs the rat spatial reference memory. Behav Brain Res 2015; 300:70-6. [PMID: 26455878 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies reported that sleep deprivation (SD) causes impairment in spatial cognitive performance. However, the molecular mechanisms affected by SD underlying this behavioral phenomenon remain elusive. Here, we focused on the entorhinal cortex (EC), the gateway of the hippocampus, and investigated how SD affected the subunit expression of AMPARs and NMDARs, the main ionotropic glutamategic receptors serving a pivotal role in spatial cognition. In EC, we found 4h SD remarkably reduced surface expression of GluA1, while there was an increase in the surface expression of GluA2 and GluA3. As for NMDARs, SD with short duration significantly reduced the surface expression levels of GluN1 and GluN2B without effect on the GluN2A. In parallel with the alterations in AMPARs and NMDARs, we found the 4h SD impaired rat spatial reference memory as assessed by Morris water maze task. Overall, these data indicate that brief SD differently affects the AMPAR and NMDAR subunit expressions in EC and might consequently disrupt the composition and functional properties of these receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilan Xie
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038 PR China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038 PR China
| | - Chao He
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038 PR China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038 PR China
| | - Gang Tan
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038 PR China
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038 PR China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038 PR China.
| | - Zhian Hu
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038 PR China.
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Scullin MK, Bliwise DL. Sleep, cognition, and normal aging: integrating a half century of multidisciplinary research. PERSPECTIVES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2015; 10:97-137. [PMID: 25620997 PMCID: PMC4302758 DOI: 10.1177/1745691614556680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 286] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sleep is implicated in cognitive functioning in young adults. With increasing age, there are substantial changes to sleep quantity and quality, including changes to slow-wave sleep, spindle density, and sleep continuity/fragmentation. A provocative question for the field of cognitive aging is whether such changes in sleep physiology affect cognition (e.g., memory consolidation). We review nearly a half century of research across seven diverse correlational and experimental domains that historically have had little crosstalk. Broadly speaking, sleep and cognitive functions are often related in advancing age, though the prevalence of null effects in healthy older adults (including correlations in the unexpected, negative direction) indicates that age may be an effect modifier of these associations. We interpret the literature as suggesting that maintaining good sleep quality, at least in young adulthood and middle age, promotes better cognitive functioning and serves to protect against age-related cognitive declines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael K Scullin
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine
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