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Baharara H, Ghasemi H, Samadi S, Roohshad B, Jomehzadeh V, Ravankhah Moghaddam K, Mohammadpour AH, Arasteh O. The effect of preconditioning agents on cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity of carbon monoxide poisoning in animal studies: a systematic review. Drug Chem Toxicol 2023; 46:256-270. [PMID: 35616381 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2021.2021931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is a common intoxication and many people die yearly due to CO poisoning and preconditioning agents attenuate brain and cardiac injury caused by intoxication. It is critical to fully understand the efficacy of new methods to directly target the toxic effect of CO, such as conditioning agents, which are currently under development. This study aims to systematically investigate current evidence from animal experiments and the effects of administration preconditions in acute and late phases after CO poisoning on cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity. METHODS Four databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science) were systematically searched without language restrictions, and hand searching was conducted until November 2021. We included studies that compare preconditioning agents with the control group after CO poisoning in animals. The SYRCLE RoB tool was used for risk of bias assessments. RESULTS Thirty-seven studies were included in the study. Erythropoietin, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF), hydrogen-rich saline, and N-butylphthalide (NBP) were found to have positive effects on reducing neurotoxicity and cardiotoxicity. As other preconditions have fewer studies, no valuable results can be deduced. Most of the studies were unclear for sources of bias. DISCUSSION Administration of the examined preconditioning agents including NBP, hydrogen-rich saline, and GCSF in acute and late phases could attenuate neurotoxicity and cardiotoxicity of CO poisoned animals. For a better understanding of mechanisms and activities, and finding new and effective preconditioning agents, further preclinical and clinical studies should be performed to analyze the effects of preconditioning agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Baharara
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hanieh Ghasemi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sara Samadi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bahar Roohshad
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Jomehzadeh
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Amir Hooshang Mohammadpour
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Omid Arasteh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Liu Z, Bian M, Pang L. LncRNA CRNDE binds hnRNPA1 to facilitate carbon monoxide poisoning-induced delayed encephalopathy via inhibiting UCHL5-mediated SMO deubiquitination. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:1097-1113. [PMID: 36648699 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01157-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning (DEACMP) is one of the most common complications following carbon monoxide intoxication. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) exert critical functions in numerous neurological disorders. We intended to investigate the role of CRNDE in DEACMP. The DEACMP model in rats and the oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model in PC-12 cells were established. Brain and cell injuries were assessed with H&E staining, Nissl staining, TUNEL and CCK8 assays, respectively. Related proteins and RNAs were quantified with western blot and qRT-PCR. The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) level was determined using MeRIP-qPCR and immunofluorescence. Loss and gain function studies were performed to investigate the biological function of CRNDE. The potential mechanisms between each factor were explored using RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA-pull down and co-immunoprecipitation. CRNDE was increased in the hippocampal tissues of DEACMP rats and in OGD/R-treated PC-12 cells, which was positively correlated to m6A modification. Knockdown of CRNDE reduced cell damage and elevated UCHL5 and SMO expressions in OGD/R-treated PC-12 cells. hnRNPA1 was upregulated in DEACMP. In addition, inhibiting hnRNPA1 prevented apoptosis in PC-12 cells subjected to OGD/R. hnRNPA1 bound to CRNDE and remained in the nucleus, which inhibited UCHL5 expression through the formation of CRNDE-hnRNPA1-mRNA complex. UCHL5 could inhibit SMO ubiquitination and suppress PC-12 cell apoptosis during OGD/R. CRNDE silencing blocked brain injury in DEACMP, while knocking down UCHL5 reversed these effects. CRNDE interacted with hnRNPA1 to facilitate DEACMP via inhibition of UCHL5-mediated SMO deubiquitination. CRNDE might be a latent therapeutic target for treating DEACMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuolong Liu
- Department of Emergency, the First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Road, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Bian
- Department of Respiratory, Qianwei Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130012, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Pang
- Department of Emergency, the First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Road, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China.
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Chen Y, Heng W, Hao M, Li L, Xu M, Li X. Therapeutic Effects of Naloxone Combined with Edaravone on Elderly Patients with Acute Cerebral Infarction. INT J PHARMACOL 2022. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2022.1568.1575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zhang JJ, Bi WK, Cheng YM, Yue AC, Song HP, Zhou XD, Bi MJ, Han W, Li Q. Early predictors of brain injury in patients with acute carbon monoxide poisoning and the neuroprotection of mild hypothermia. Am J Emerg Med 2022; 61:18-28. [PMID: 36029667 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2022.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning can cause serious neurological sequelae. However, there is neither effective treatment strategy nor reliable indicators to determine the prognosis of patients with CO poisoning. The present study aimed to observe the changes of neurological function score, disease severity score, cerebral oxygen utilization (O2UCc), bispectral (BIS) index and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) concentration, and to elucidate the clinical significance of these potential indicators and the neuroprotective effect of mild hypothermia on brain injury in patients with severe acute CO poisoning. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 277 patients with acute severe CO poisoning from 2013 to 2018 were enrolled in our hospital. Patients were divided into three groups according to their body temperature on the day of admission and their willingness to treat: a fever group (n = 78), a normal temperature group (NT group, n = 113), and a mild hypothermia group (MH group, n = 86). All patients were given hyperbaric oxygen therapy, while those in the MH group received additional mild hypothermia treatment. The severity of the disease, the neurobehavioral status, the incidence of delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning (DEACMP), and other indicators including BIS, O2UCc, NSE were further evaluated in all patients at given time-points. RESULTS Mild hypothermia therapy improved the prognosis of patients with CO poisoning, significantly decreased the value of O2UCc and NSE, and up-regulated BIS. The incidence of DEACMP at 6 months was 27% in the fever group, 23% in the NT group, and 8% in the MH group. The values of Glasgow-Pittsburgh coma scale (G-P score), BIS index and NSE were closely related to the occurrence of DEACMP, the cutoff values were 12.41, 52.17 and 35.20 ng/mL, and the sensitivity and specificity were 79.3%, 77.6%, 79.3% and 67.6%, 89.5%, 88.6% in the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Early mild hypothermia treatment could significantly reduce the severity of brain injury after CO poisoning, and might be further popularized in clinic. G-P scores, NSE and BIS index can be regarded as the prediction indicators in the occurrence and development of DEACMP. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION The study protocol was granted from Qingdao University Research Ethics Committee (Clinical trial registry and ethical approval number: QD81571283).
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Li ZK, Li CH, Yue AC, Song HP, Liu XH, Zhou XD, Bi MJ, Han W, Li Q. Therapeutic effect and molecular mechanism of Salvia Miltiorrhiza on rats with acute brain injury after carbon monoxide poisoning based on the strategy of internet pharmacology. Environ Toxicol 2022; 37:413-434. [PMID: 34761859 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of brain injury caused by carbon monoxide poisoning (COP) is very complex, and there is no exact and reliable treatment in clinic. In the present study, we screened the therapeutic target and related signal pathway of Salvia Miltiorrhiza for acute COP brain injury, and clarified the pharmacological mechanism of multicomponent, multitarget, and multisignal pathway in Salvia Miltiorrhiza by network pharmacology. To further verify the therapeutic effect of Salvia Miltiorrhiza on acute brain injury based on the results of network analysis, a total of 216 male healthy Sprague Dawley rats were collected in the present study and randomly assigned to a normal control group, a COP group and a Tanshinone IIA sulfonate treatment group (72 rats in each group). The rat model of acute severe COP was established by the secondary inhalation in a hyperbaric oxygen chamber. We found that Salvia Miltiorrhiza had multiple active components, and played a role in treating acute brain injury induced by COP through multiple targets and multiple pathways, among them, MAPK/ERK1/2 signaling pathway was one of the most important. COP can start apoptosis process, activate the MAPK/ERK1/2 signaling pathway, and promote the expression of VEGF-A protein and the formation of brain edema. Tanshinone IIA can effectively inhibit apoptosis, up-regulate the expressions of VEGF-A, P-MEK1/2 and P-ERK1/2 proteins, thereby protect endothelial cells, promote angiogenesis and microcirculation, and finally alleviate brain edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Kun Li
- Emergency department, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- School of Medicine, Institute of Integrated Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chun-Hua Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sami Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ao-Chun Yue
- School of Medicine, Institute of Integrated Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui-Ping Song
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xu-Han Liu
- Emergency department, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xu-Dong Zhou
- Emergency department, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ming-Jun Bi
- Physical Examination Centre, Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Han
- Emergency department, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qin Li
- Emergency department, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Liu Z, Meng H, Huang J, Kwangwari P, Ma K, Xiao B, Li L. Acute carbon monoxide poisoning with low saturation of carboxyhaemoglobin: a forensic retrospective study in Shanghai, China. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18554. [PMID: 34535720 PMCID: PMC8448847 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97436-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is a common cause of death, leading to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Features of the CO poisoning with low carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels remain to be characterized. This study collected a total of 307 CO poisoning cases from Shanghai Public Security Bureau, an official organization that handles the most complicated and life-threatening cases across Shanghai municipality in China, and regrouped these cases into three categories: group 1, 10% < COHb% < 30% (n = 58); group 2, 30% ≤ COHb% < 50% (n = 79); group 3, COHb% ≥ 50% (n = 170). Epidemiological, demographic, and forensic aspects of the CO poisoning cases, particularly those with low COHb levels, were analyzed. Our results showed that group 2 and 3 were mostly observed in younger victims (≤ 30 years), while group 1 equally distributed to all age groups (p = 0.03). All the CO poisoning from group 2 and 3 occurred in enclosed spaces, whereas cases from group 1 died additionally in outdoor spaces (p = 0.01). 81.03% of group 1 cases died in fire circumstances, while only 45.57% from group 2 and 30.59% from group 3 were fire-related (p = 0.00). Accordingly, group 1 was mostly related with fire burns, while group 2 or 3 were largely associated with gas leakage (p = 0.00). A combination with alcohol, but not other psychotropic drugs, associated with significant higher levels of blood COHb% in fire-unrelated (p = 0.021) but not fire-related cases (p = 0.23). Five extremely low COHb% (< 30%)-related poisoning deaths were negative of any cardiopulmonary pathology and psychoactive substances. In conclusion, CO poisoning with low COHb% significantly associates with fire circumstances and outdoor spaces and has no age preference. Further diagnostic markers mandates to be identified in order to avoid disputes in cases of extremely low COHb%-related poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Liu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 131 Dongan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hang Meng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Public Security Bureau, 803 North Zhongshan Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200083, China
| | - Juntian Huang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 131 Dongan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Pascal Kwangwari
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 131 Dongan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Kaijun Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Public Security Bureau, 803 North Zhongshan Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200083, China
| | - Bi Xiao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Public Security Bureau, 803 North Zhongshan Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200083, China.
| | - Liliang Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 131 Dongan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Zhou XD, Wang JL, Guo DD, Jiang WW, Li ZK, Wang L, Zou Y, Bi MJ, Li Q. Neuroprotective effect of targeted regulatory Nrf2 gene on rats with acute brain injury induced by carbon monoxide poisoning. Environ Toxicol 2021; 36:1742-1757. [PMID: 34032369 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been considered as an important cause of neurocyte damage induced by carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning; however, the precise mechanisms are not fully understood. The study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanism and the neuroprotective effect of targeted regulatory nuclear factor erythroid2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) gene on acute brain injury in CO poisoning rats. An acute CO poisoning rat model was established by CO inhalation in hyperbaric oxygen chamber and followed by the administration of Nrf2 gene-loaded lentivirus. Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨM), the levels of Nrf2, glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and cell apoptosis were determined in brain tissue in rats. We found that CO poisoning could decrease ΔΨm of cells, slightly increase the expressions of Nrf2 and GCLC at mRNA and protein levels, reduce CAT and GSH-Px, and thus initiate apoptosis process. The Nrf2 gene treatment could obviously enhance the expressions of Nrf2 at mRNA and protein levels, and increase the concentrations of CAT and GSH-Px, maintain the ΔΨm of cells in brain tissue, significantly inhibit cell apoptosis as compared with the CO poisoning group (p < .05). These findings suggest that CO poisoning could induce oxidative stress and impair mitochondrial function of cells in brain tissue. The administration of Nrf2 gene could notably strengthen the antioxidant capacity of cells through regulating the downstream genes of Nrf2/antioxidant responsive element signal pathway, and positively protect cells against brain injury induced by acute severe CO poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Dong Zhou
- Emergency Department, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing-Lin Wang
- Emergency Center, Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Da-Dong Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wen-Wen Jiang
- Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ze-Kun Li
- Emergency Department, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Li Wang
- Emergency Center, Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Yong Zou
- Emergency Center, Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Ming-Jun Bi
- Emergency Center, Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Qin Li
- Emergency Department, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Chen RJ, Lee YH, Chen TH, Chen YY, Yeh YL, Chang CP, Huang CC, Guo HR, Wang YJ. Carbon monoxide-triggered health effects: the important role of the inflammasome and its possible crosstalk with autophagy and exosomes. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:1141-1159. [PMID: 33554280 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-02976-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) has long been known as a "silent killer" because of its ability to bind hemoglobin (Hb), leading to reduced oxygen carrying capacity of Hb, which is the main cause of CO poisoning (COP) in humans. Emerging studies suggest that mitochondria is a key target of CO action that can impact key biological processes, including apoptosis, cellular proliferation, inflammation, and autophagy. Despite its toxicity at high concentrations, CO also exhibits cyto- and tissue-protective effects at low concentrations in animal models of organ injury and disease. Specifically, CO modulates the production of pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines and mediators by regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome. Given that human diseases are strongly associated with inflammation, a deep understanding of the exact mechanism is helpful for treatment. Autophagic factors and inflammasomes interact in various situations, including inflammatory disease, and exosomes might function as the bridge between the inflammasome and autophagy activation. Thus, the interplay among autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, exosomes, and the inflammasome may play pivotal roles in the health effects of CO. In this review, we summarize the latest research on the beneficial and toxic effects of CO and their underlying mechanisms, focusing on the important role of the inflammasome and its possible crosstalk with autophagy and exosomes. This knowledge may lead to the development of new therapies for inflammation-related diseases and is essential for the development of new therapeutic strategies and biomarkers of COP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Jane Chen
- Department of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Lee
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hao Chen
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ying Chen
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Yeh
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ping Chang
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Cheng Huang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Senior Services, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - How-Ran Guo
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan. .,Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Occupational Safety, Health and Medicine Research Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Jan Wang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Bi WK, Wang JL, Zhou XD, Li ZK, Jiang WW, Zhang SB, Zou Y, Bi MJ, Li Q. Clinical Characteristics of Visual Dysfunction in Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Patients. J Ophthalmol 2020; 2020:9537360. [PMID: 33029389 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9537360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of the present study was to analyze the clinical characteristics of visual dysfunction in patients with carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. Methods A total of 436 patients with CO poisoning were enrolled in our hospital from October 2012 to December 2018, including 193 patients with moderate poisoning (MP group), 165 with severe poisoning (SP group), and 78 with delayed encephalopathy (DE group). The clinical characteristics of visual dysfunction in patients with CO poisoning were analyzed through the collection of medical history, regular physical examination, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ophthalmological examination, the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ), and its influencing factors. Results Some patients in the three groups had visual dysfunction. The main ocular symptoms were local pain, eye movement disorder, and visual field defect. The key pathological factors were keratopathy, retinal nerve cell damage, optic nerve damage, retinal vascular disease, macular disease, and occipital visual center damage. The clinical symptoms of visual dysfunction after CO poisoning lasted for a long time (>12 months) and were not completely consistent with the positive results of the ophthalmological examination. A few sequelae of ophthalmology were still left after the help of medicine. Conclusion The incidence of visual dysfunction in patients with CO poisoning was high, the clinical symptoms were rich and diverse, the duration of disease was long, and the prognosis was poor. Thus, the relevant ophthalmological examination and intervention treatment should be perfected as soon as possible.
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Margabandhu G, Vanisree AJ. Dopamine, a key factor of mitochondrial damage and neuronal toxicity on rotenone exposure and also parkinsonic motor dysfunction-Impact of asiaticoside with a probable vesicular involvement. J Chem Neuroanat 2020; 106:101788. [PMID: 32278634 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2020.101788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Persuasive evidence propose that the toxicity of dopamine in parkinsonism and the loss of dopaminergic neurons are the earliest events during the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). In our earlier study, Asiaticoside (AS), a triterpenoid saponin isolated from Centella asiatica was shown to exert a neuroprotective effect against hemiparkinsonism, purportedly due to phosphoinositides (PI)-assisted cytodynamics and synaptic function. Here, we evaluate AS in the modulation of dopamine (DA), mitochondrial integrity and neurite variations in vitro and motor dysfunctions in vivo. PC12 cells challenged with rotenone-(ROT) (0.1 μM/mL) were exposed to AS and l-DOPA (10 mM and 20 μM/mL respectively). The protein expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 that regulate cell death were assessed following neurite length assays. Rats were distributed into 6 groups (6 rats/group): Sham, Vehicle controls, ROT-infused (6 μg/μl/kg), AS- treated (50 mg/kg/day), Drug control, and ROT + L-DOPA-treated (6 mg/kg/day) groups. At the end of the experimental period, the rats were sacrificed after performing motor behavioral analysis, and the striatum was dissected out. The contents of synaptic vesicular and cytosolic DA were analyzed. Further, the levels of striatal PI were also measured. ROT had caused significant reduction in the neurite outgrowth in the exposed PC12 cells while the tested concentrations of AS and l-DOPA can exert their protective effect on the stunted neurite growth. The levels of Bax, Bcl-2, and cytochrome c which were significantly disturbed by ROT, could also be affected by AS thereby suggesting its effect on neurons. AS treatment caused an improved motor performance, vesicular and cytosolic DA, and striatal PI. These pre-clinical findings force us to speculate that AS could be a potential drug candidate in combating ROT-induced variations that are possibly precipitated by varied vesicular trafficking of DA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopi Margabandhu
- Unit of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600 025, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Arambakkam Janardhanam Vanisree
- Unit of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600 025, Tamilnadu, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijian Meng
- Department of Neurology, Hengshui People's Hospital, Hengshui, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Department of Neurology, Hengshui People's Hospital, Hengshui, China
| | - Lei Lu
- Department of Neurology, Hengshui People's Hospital, Hengshui, China
| | - Yan Wei
- Department of Neurology, Hengshui People's Hospital, Hengshui, China -
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Koike N, Sasaki A, Murakami T, Suzuki K. Effect of edaravone against cisplatin-induced chronic renal injury. Drug Chem Toxicol 2019; 44:437-446. [PMID: 31064223 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2019.1604740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin has been widely used as an anticancer agent for a wide range of tumors, but it had nephrotoxicity that was mainly caused by oxidative stress. Edaravone, a free radical scavenger, has reportedly been validated to have a protective effect against renal injury induced by reactive oxygen species. However, most of these reports are against AKI, and few studies have examined the effect of chronic renal injury. In this study, we investigate the effect of edaravone on cisplatin nephropathy in the chronic phase. Twenty-five male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: control, cisplatin, cisplatin + edaravone 1 mg kg-1, cisplatin + edaravone 10 mg kg-1, and cisplatin + edaravone 100 mg kg-1. Edaravone was administrated intraperitoneally every other day for 5 weeks, starting 1 week before cisplatin administration (6 mg kg-1, i.p.). As a result, proximal tubule injury, interstitial fibrosis, and mononuclear cell infiltration were ameliorated histologically in the group of rats treated with high edaravone dose. In the cisplatin group, the number of α-SMA-, CD68-, and CD3-positive cells increased markedly compared with the Control group, but these numbers were significantly decreased by higher doses of co-administered edaravone. While there was no clear mRNA expression variation in antioxidant enzymes, the apoptosis-promoting factors, caspase8, were markedly reduced in the high-dose edaravone co-administration group compared with the cisplatin group. In conclusion, our results suggested that cisplatin-induced renal injury in the chronic phase was ameliorated by edaravone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsumi Koike
- Laboratory of Veterinary Toxicology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayaka Sasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Toxicology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Murakami
- Laboratory of Veterinary Toxicology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Suzuki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Toxicology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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Xu H, Meng X, Cui Y, Gou X, Zhao Z, Sun X, Gao C, Xu L, Luo E. The neuroprotective effect of hyperoxygenate hydrogen-rich saline on CO-induced brain injury in rats. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 67:117-123. [PMID: 30818178 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of hyperoxygenate hydrogen-rich saline (HOHS) against brain injury induced by carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning in rats. A rat model of CO poisoning was established by administering CO via intraperitoneal injection to male Sprague-Dawley rats. Forty-eight adult male rats were randomly divided into the following groups: normal control group (NG), CO poisoning group (CO), HOS treatment group (hyperoxygenated solution, HOS) and HOHS treatment group (HOHS). After CO poisoning, the carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) contents in the blood of rats in all the CO poisoning groups were increased significantly. However, HOS and HOHS significantly decreased COHb contents, furthermore, the HOHS group had lower COHb contents than the HOS group. Arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) results showed that HOS and HOHS could improve the oxygenation of the rats with CO poisoning. Compared with the CO group, the HOS group and the HOHS group had persistently neuroprotective effect on CO-induced brain injury, as assessed by modified neurological severity score (mNSS), furthermore, the HOHS group had better neurological functional recovery than the HOS group. The neuronal apoptosis induced by CO was also evaluated. Except the NG group, all the CO-poisoning groups had varying degrees of neuronal apoptosis. There was lesser degree of neuronal apoptosis in both the HOS group and the HOHS group than that in the CO group. Moreover, the HOHS group had more minor degree of neuronal apoptosis than the HOS group. Compared with the CO group, the free radicals production in the HOS group and the HOHS group were significantly inhibited. In addition, there were significantly difference in the free radicals production between the HOS group and the HOHS group. We could conclude that HOHS exerted a stronger neuroprotective effect against CO-induced brain injury than HOS, and the neuroprotective mechanism of HOHS may be related with inhibition of both neuronal apoptosis and free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- Department of Biomedical engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders & School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, China
| | - Xiangzhong Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuanyuan Cui
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders & School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, China
| | - Xingchun Gou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders & School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, China
| | - Zhaohua Zhao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders & School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, China
| | - Xude Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Changjun Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Lixian Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Erping Luo
- Department of Biomedical engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Liao SC, Mao YC, Yang KJ, Wang KC, Wu LY, Yang CC. Targeting optimal time for hyperbaric oxygen therapy following carbon monoxide poisoning for prevention of delayed neuropsychiatric sequelae: A retrospective study. J Neurol Sci 2018; 396:187-192. [PMID: 30481656 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2018.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Delayed neuropsychiatric sequelae (DNS) are serious complications of carbon monoxide poisoning; neuropsychiatric disorders can occur within a few days of recovery from acute poisoning. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been the main treatment of carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning and was recommended as the treatment choice for CO poisoning by the American Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society and the Tenth European Consensus Conference on Hyperbaric Medicine of the European Underwater and Baromedical Society. However, the optimal timing for commencing HBOT in patients with CO poisoning remains unknown. We therefore conducted a retrospective study in an attempt to target the optimal time of HBOT for DNS prevention. METHODS A retrospective review of patient files/medical records was conducted on all patients with CO poisoning admitted to the Emergency Department of Linkou Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2015. A total of 279 patients who received HBOT were eligible for further DNS detection. DNS was defined as the presence of one of the following neurological, cognitive, or psychological sequelae that were documented in the medical record during hospital stay or outpatient clinic follow-up for at least 6 months. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to identify potential determinants of DNS after receiving HBOT for CO poisoning. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyse the influence of duration from CO exposure to HBOT on DNS development. RESULTS A Glasgow coma score of <9 (odds ratio [OR], 3.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.19-8.60) and a longer duration from CO exposure to HBOT (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.03-1.09) were associated with a higher risk of DNS. By contrast, the presence of multiple victims from the same incident was associated with a lower risk of DNS. The ROC curve for the duration between CO exposure and HBOT in predicting DNS development demonstrated an area under the curve of 0.638 (95% CI, 0.575-0.698). The optimal cut-off point according to the Youden index was 22.5 h, with a sensitivity of 41.7% and a specificity of 85.9%. We also stratified the duration from CO exposure to HBOT into 5 intervals (< 6 h, 6-11 h, 12-23 h, 24-47 h and ≥ 48 h) and revealed a trend of increasing DNS risk with time. CONCLUSIONS We identified several potential predictors of DNS in patients with CO poisoning who received HBOT. Multivariable logistic regressions further revealed that longer duration from CO exposure to HBOT, loss of consciousness, and the presence of multiple victims were independent predictors of DNS development. HBOT should be performed as early as possible and preferably within 22.5 h after CO poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Chen Liao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan; Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Chiao Mao
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Clinical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ju Yang
- Division of Hyperbaric Oxygen Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Emergent Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linko, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Cheng Wang
- Department of Emergent Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linko, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ying Wu
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Chang Yang
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Clinical Toxicology & Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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JI Z, WANG Z, CHEN Z, JIN H, CHEN C, CHAI S, LV H, YANG L, HU Y, DONG R, LAI K. Melatonin Attenuates Chronic Cough Mediated by Oxidative Stress via Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin-2 in Guinea Pigs Exposed to Particulate Matter 2.5. Physiol Res 2018; 67:293-305. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of melatonin on oxidative stress, the expression of transient receptor potential melastatin-2 (TRPM2) in guinea pig brains, and the influence of melatonin on oxidative stress in lungs and airway inflammation induced by particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5). A particle suspension (0.1 g/ml) was nasally administered to the guinea pigs to prepare a PM2.5 exposure model. Cough frequency and cough incubation period were determined through RM6240B biological signal collection and disposal system. Oxidative stress markers, including malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), in the medulla oblongata were examined through spectrophotometer. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected in the hypoglossal nucleus, cuneate nucleus, Botzinger complex, dorsal vagal complex, and airway through dihydroethidium fluorescence. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and substance P expression via immunohistochemistry revealed the inflammatory levels in the airway. TRPM2 was observed in the medulla oblongata through immunofluorescence and Western blot. The ultrastructure of the blood-brain barrier and neuronal mitochondria was determined by using a transmission electron microscope. Our study suggests that melatonin treatment decreased PM2.5-induced oxidative stress level in the brains and lungs and relieved airway inflammation and chronic cough. TRPM2 might participate in oxidative stress in the cough center by regulating cough.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - R. DONG
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - K. LAI
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Qin L, Meihua C, Dadong G, Li W, Jinglin W, Xiaoyu D, Mingjun B, Yong Z. Efficacy of Combined XingZhi-YiNao Granules and Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for Cognition and Motor Dysfunction in Patients with Delayed Encephalopathy after Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2017; 2017:1323297. [PMID: 29333178 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1323297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the efficacy of XingZhi-YiNao (XZYN) granules and hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) for cognition and motor dysfunction in patients with delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning (DEACMP). Methods Eighty-nine patients with DEACMP were randomly divided into control group (n = 19), HBO group (n = 32), and XZYN group (n = 38). All patients received conventional treatment. HBO group received HBO therapy once daily. XZYN group received extra XZYN granules plus HBO treatment. The related indexes including activity of daily living (ADL) scale, Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) scale, and mini mental state examination (MMSE) scale were measured. Cerebral white matter injury, age related white matter changes (ARWMC) scale, and the amplitude and latency of P300 were assessed. Results Compared with control group, the neurological function scores of ADL, MoCA, and MMSE in HBO and XZYN groups were significantly improved, the impairment degree of brain white matter and cognition function were obviously alleviated, the latencies of P300 were significantly shortened, and the amplitudes of P300 were evidently increased (P < 0.05). Treatment efficacy of XZYN group was superior to that of HBO group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Combined XZYN granules and HBO can significantly improve cognition and motor functions in patients with DEACMP.
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Bi M, Li Q, Guo D, Ding X, Bi W, Zhang Y, Zou Y. Sulphoraphane Improves Neuronal Mitochondrial Function in Brain Tissue in Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Rats. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2017; 120:541-549. [PMID: 27983767 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is one of the leading causes of toxicity-related mortality and morbidity worldwide, primarily manifested by acute and delayed central nervous system (CNS) injuries and other organ damages. However, its definite pathogenesis is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to explore the pathogenesis of the ultrastructural and functional impairment of mitochondria and the protection of sulphoraphane (SFP) at different dosages on hippocampus neurons in rats after exposure to CO. We found that CO poisoning could induce advanced cognitive dysfunction, while the mitochondrial ultrastructure of neurons in rats of the CO poisoning group was seriously damaged and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) was accordingly reduced by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and JC-1 fluorescent probe assay. CO poisoning could also increase the expressions of both nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) and thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) proteins and their mRNA in brain tissue with immunohistochemistry and quantitative PCR (qPCR) techniques. Early administration of either middle-dose or high-dose SFP could efficiently improve mitochondrial structure and function and enhance the antioxidative stress ability, thus exerting a positive effect against brain damage induced by acute CO poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Bi
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China.,Emergency Center, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Dadong Guo
- Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ding
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, China
| | - Weikang Bi
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, China
| | - Yueheng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Yong Zou
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
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Li Y, Liu H, Zeng W, Wei J. Edaravone protects against hyperosmolarity-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in primary human corneal epithelial cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174437. [PMID: 28346481 PMCID: PMC5367814 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
An increase in the osmolarity of tears induced by excessive evaporation of the aqueous tear phase is a major pathological mechanism behind dry eye. Exposure of epithelial cells on the surface of the human eye to hyperosmolarity leads to oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis. Edaravone, a hydroxyl radical scavenging agent, is clinically used to reduce neuronal damage following ischemic stroke. In this study, we found that treatment with hyperosmotic media at 400 and 450 mOsM increased the levels of ROS and mitochondrial oxidative damage, which were ameliorated by edaravone treatment in a dose-dependent manner. We also found that edaravone could improve mitochondrial function in HCEpiCs by increasing the levels of ATP and mitochondrial membrane potential. MTT and LDH assays indicated that edaravone could attenuate hyperosmolarity-induced cell death. It was found that edaravone prevented apoptosis by decreasing the level of cleaved caspase-3, and attenuating the release of cytochrome C. Mechanistically, we found that edaravone augmented the expression of Nrf2 and its target genes, such as HO-1, GPx-1, and GCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Haifeng Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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Garcia CAB, Catalão CHR, Machado HR, Júnior IM, Romeiro TH, Peixoto-Santos JE, Santos MV, da Silva Lopes L. Edaravone reduces astrogliosis and apoptosis in young rats with kaolin-induced hydrocephalus. Childs Nerv Syst 2017; 33:419-428. [PMID: 27988876 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-016-3313-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the possible neuroprotective effects of the free radical scavenger edaravone in experimental hydrocephalus. METHODS Seven-day-old Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control group (C), untreated hydrocephalic (H), and hydrocephalic treated with edaravone (EH). The H and EH groups were subjected to hydrocephalus induction by 20% kaolin intracisternal injection. The edaravone (20 mg/kg) was administered daily for 14 days from the induction of hydrocephalus. All animals were daily weighed and submitted to behavioral test and assessment by magnetic resonance imaging. After 14 days, the animals were sacrificed and the brain was removed for histological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical studies. RESULTS The gain weight was similar between groups from the ninth post-induction day. The open field test performance of EH group was better (p < 0.05) as compared to untreated hydrocephalic animals. Hydrocephalic animals (H and EH) showed ventricular ratio values were higher (p < 0.05), whereas magnetization transfer values were lower (p < 0.05), as compared to control animals. Astrocyte activity (glial fibrillary acidic protein) and apoptotic cells (caspase-3) of EH group were decreased on the corpus callosum (p > 0.01), germinal matrix (p > 0.05), and cerebral cortex (p > 0.05), as compared to H group. CONCLUSIONS We have demonstrated that administration of edaravone for 14 consecutive days after induction of hydrocephalus reduced astrocyte activity and that it has some beneficial effects over apoptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Araújo Bernardino Garcia
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Division of Anatomy, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, 3900 Av. dos Bandeirantes, Ribeirao Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Rocha Catalão
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hélio Rubens Machado
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Division of Anatomy, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, 3900 Av. dos Bandeirantes, Ribeirao Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Ivair Matias Júnior
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Division of Anatomy, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, 3900 Av. dos Bandeirantes, Ribeirao Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Thais Helena Romeiro
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Division of Anatomy, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, 3900 Av. dos Bandeirantes, Ribeirao Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Peixoto-Santos
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Volpon Santos
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Division of Anatomy, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, 3900 Av. dos Bandeirantes, Ribeirao Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Luiza da Silva Lopes
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Division of Anatomy, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, 3900 Av. dos Bandeirantes, Ribeirao Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil.
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Bi MJ, Sun XN, Zou Y, Ding XY, Liu B, Zhang YH, Guo DD, Li Q. N-Butylphthalide Improves Cognitive Function in Rats after Carbon Monoxide Poisoning. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:64. [PMID: 28232802 PMCID: PMC5298996 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is the most common neurologic sequelae after carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning, and the previous investigations have demonstrated that N-Butylphthalide (NBP) could exert a broad spectrum of neuroprotective properties. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of NBP on cognitive dysfunction in rats after acute severe CO poisoning. Rats were randomly divided into a normal control group, a CO poisoning group and a CO+NBP group. The animal model of CO poisoning was established by exposure to CO in a chamber, and then all rats received hyperbaric oxygen therapy once daily, while rats in CO+NBP group were administered orally NBP (6 mg/ 100g) by gavage twice a day additionally. The results indicated that CO poisoning could induce cognitive impairment. The ultrastructure of hippocampus was seriously damaged under transmission electron microscopy, and the expressions of calpain 1 and CaMK II proteins were significantly elevated after CO exposure according to the analysis of immunofluorescence staining and western blot. NBP treatment could evidently improve cognitive function, and maintain ultrastructure integrity of hippocampus. The expression levels of both calpain 1 and CaMK II proteins in CO+NBP group were considerably lower than that of CO poisoning group (P < 0.05). Taken together, this study highlights the molecular mechanism of cognitive dysfunction in rats after CO exposure via the upregulation of both calpain 1 and CaMK II proteins. The administration of NBP could balance the expressions of calpain 1 and CaMK II proteins and improve cognitive function through maintaining ultrastructural integrity of hippocampus, and thus may play a neuroprotective role in brain tissue in rats with CO poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jun Bi
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao UniversityYantai, China; Emergency Centre, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao UniversityYantai, China
| | - Xian-Ni Sun
- Emergency Centre, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University Yantai, China
| | - Yong Zou
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University Yantai, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Ding
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao UniversityYantai, China; Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Clinical Medicine, Qingdao University Medical CollegeQingdao, China
| | - Bin Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan, China
| | - Yue-Heng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Yantai, China
| | - Da-Dong Guo
- Eye Institute, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University Yantai, China
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Xu X, Zhang H, Wang K, Tu T, Jiang Y. Protective Effect of Edaravone against Carbon Monoxide Induced Apoptosis in Rat Primary Cultured Astrocytes. Biochem Res Int 2017; 2017:5839762. [PMID: 28261501 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5839762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. To observe the protective effect of edaravone (Eda) on astrocytes after prolonged exposure to carbon monoxide (CO) and further to investigate the potential mechanisms of Eda against CO-induced apoptosis. Methods. The rat primary cultured astrocytes were cultured in vitro and exposed to 1% CO for 24 h after being cultured with different concentrations of Eda. MTT assay was used to detect the cytotoxicity of CO. Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis rate, membrane potential of mitochondria, and ROS level. The mRNA and protein expressions of Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3 were assessed by real-time PCR and Western blotting analysis, respectively. Results. Eda can significantly suppress cytotoxicity of CO, and it can significantly increase membrane potential of mitochondria and Bcl-2 expressions and significantly suppress the apoptosis rate, ROS level, Bax, and caspase-3 expressions. Conclusion. Eda protects against CO-induced apoptosis in rat primary cultured astrocytes through decreasing ROS production and subsequently inhibiting mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.
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Bi M, Zhang M, Guo D, Bi W, Liu B, Zou Y, Li Q. N-Butylphthalide Alleviates Blood-Brain Barrier Impairment in Rats Exposed to Carbon Monoxide. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:394. [PMID: 27833554 PMCID: PMC5080372 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is one of the most important health concerns and may result in neuropathologic changes and neurologic sequelae. However, few studies have addressed the correlation between CO poisoning and blood–brain barrier (BBB) impairment. In this study, we investigated the effects of N-butylphthalide (NBP) on the expressions of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), claudin-5 and aquaporin-4 (AQP-4) proteins in a CO poisoning rat model. The results indicated that the brain water content was obviously increased, and the tight junctions between endothelial cells were disrupted, resulting in significant cerebral edema and BBB dysfunction in a rat model of CO poisoning. Meanwhile, the ultrastructure of endothelial cells and pericytes was seriously damaged, and the expressions of ZO-1 and claudin-5 were decreased at an early stage (<7 days). NBP treatment could efficiently maintain the ultrastructural and functional integrity of BBB, alleviate cerebral edema. Besides, NBP could also markedly increase the levels of both ZO-1 and claudin-5 proteins compared with those in rats exposed to CO (P < 0.05), whereas NBP had no apparent regulatory effect on AQP-4 expression. Taken together, this study highlights the importance of ZO-1 and claudin-5 proteins in maintaining BBB ultrastructure and function after CO poisoning. NBP, as a novel treatment approach, may effectively inhibit the down-regulation of ZO-1 and claudin-5 proteins (but not AQP-4), thereby preserving the barrier function and reducing cerebral edema after CO poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Bi
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao UniversityYantai, China; Emergency Center, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao UniversityYantai, China
| | - Mingwei Zhang
- Affiliated Shouguang People's Hospital of Weifang Medical College Weifang, China
| | - Dadong Guo
- Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan, China
| | - Weikang Bi
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Qingdao University Medical College Qingdao, China
| | - Bin Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan, China
| | - Yong Zou
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University Yantai, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University Yantai, China
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