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Kwon A, Kim YS, Kim J, Koo JH. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Activates Hepatic Macrophages through PERK- hnRNPA1 Signaling. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2024; 32:341-348. [PMID: 38589295 PMCID: PMC11063487 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2023.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a crucial role in liver diseases, affecting various types of hepatic cells. While studies have focused on the link between ER stress and hepatocytes as well as hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), the precise involvement of hepatic macrophages in ER stress-induced liver injury remains poorly understood. Here, we examined the effects of ER stress on hepatic macrophages and their role in liver injury. Acute ER stress led to the accumulation and activation of hepatic macrophages, which preceded hepatocyte apoptosis. Notably, macrophage depletion mitigated liver injury induced by ER stress, underscoring their detrimental role. Mechanistic studies revealed that ER stress stimulates macrophages predominantly via the PERK signaling pathway, regardless of its canonical substrate ATF4. hnRNPA1 has been identified as a crucial mediator of PERK-driven macrophage activation, as the overexpression of hnRNPA1 effectively reduced ER stress and suppressed pro-inflammatory activation. We observed that hnRNPA1 interacts with mRNAs that encode UPR-related proteins, indicating its role in the regulation of ER stress response in macrophages. These findings illuminate the cell type-specific responses to ER stress and the significance of hepatic macrophages in ER stress-induced liver injury. Collectively, the PERK-hnRNPA1 axis has been discovered as a molecular mechanism for macrophage activation, presenting prospective therapeutic targets for inflammatory hepatic diseases such as acute liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Kwon
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Seok Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Hyun Koo
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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2
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Zhang Y, Tan Y, Yuan J, Tang H, Zhang H, Tang Y, Xie Y, Wu L, Xie J, Xiao X, Li Y, Kong Y. circLIFR-007 reduces liver metastasis via promoting hnRNPA1 nuclear export and YAP phosphorylation in breast cancer. Cancer Lett 2024; 592:216907. [PMID: 38685451 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the major cause of death in patients with breast cancer (BC). The liver is a common site of breast cancer metastasis, and the 5-year survival rate of patients with breast cancer liver metastases (BCLMs) is only about 8.5 %. CircRNAs are involved in a variety of cancer-related pathological behaviors, and their unique structure and resistance to RNA degradation enable them to serve as ideal diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Therefore, it is important to investigate the role and molecular mechanism of circRNAs in cancer metastasis. CircLIFR-007 was identified as a critical circular RNA in BC metastasis by circRNAs microarray and qRT-PCR experiment. Cell function assays were performed to explore the effect of circLIFR-007 in breast cancer cells. Experiments in vivo validated the function of circLIFR-007. Several molecular assays were performed to investigate the underlying mechanisms. We found that circLIFR-007 acted as a negative controller in breast cancer liver metastasis. CircLIFR-007 upregulates the phosphorylation level of YAP by exporting hnRNPA1 to promote the combination between hnRNPA1 and YAP in the cytoplasm. Overexpression of circLIFR-007 suppressed the expression of liver metastasis-related proteins, SREBF1 and SNAI1, which were regulated by transcription factor YAP. Functionally, circLIFR-007 inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer cells both in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yeru Tan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Jingping Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Hailin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Hanqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yuhui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Linyu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jindong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xiangsheng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Yuehua Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Yanan Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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Yao L, Peng P, Ding T, Yi J, Liang J. m 6A-Induced lncRNA MEG3 Promotes Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Via Modulating Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction by hnRNPA1/Sirt2 Axis. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04005-x. [PMID: 38358439 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke remains one of the major causes of serious disability and death globally. LncRNA maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) is elevated in middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) rats and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R)-treated neurocytes cells. The objective of this study is to investigate the mechanism underlying MEG3-regulated cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. MCAO/R mouse model and OGD/R-treated HT-22 cell model were established. The cerebral I/R injury was monitored by TTC staining, neurological scoring, H&E and TUNEL assay. The levels of MEG3, hnRNPA1, Sirt2 and other key molecules were detected by qRT-PCR and western blot. Mitochondrial dysfunction was assessed by transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), JC-1 and MitoTracker staining. Oxidative stress was monitored using commercial kits. Bioinformatics analysis, RIP, RNA pull-down assays and RNA FISH were employed to detect the interactions among MEG3, hnRNPA1 and Sirt2. The m6A modification of MEG3 was assessed by MeRIP-qPCR. MEG3 promoted MCAO/R-induced brain injury by modulating mitochondrial fragmentation and oxidative stress. It also facilitated OGD/R-induced apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in HT-22 cells. Mechanistically, direct associations between MEG3 and hnRNPA1, as well as between hnRNPA1 and Sirt2, were observed in HT-22 cells. MEG3 regulated Sirt2 expression in a hnRNPA1-dependent manner. Functional studies showed that MEG3/Sirt2 axis contributed to OGD/R-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in HT-22 cells. Additionally, METTL3 was identified as the m6A transferase responsible for the m6A modification of MEG3. m6A-induced lncRNA MEG3 promoted cerebral I/R injury via modulating oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction by hnRNPA1/Sirt2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (The First People's Hospital of Changde City), No.818 Renmin Road, Changde, Hunan Province, 415000, P.R. China
| | - Pei Peng
- Department of Medicine Oncology, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (The First People's Hospital of Changde City), Changde, Hunan Province, 415000, P.R. China
| | - Tao Ding
- Department of Neurology, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (The First People's Hospital of Changde City), No.818 Renmin Road, Changde, Hunan Province, 415000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Yi
- Department of Neurology, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (The First People's Hospital of Changde City), No.818 Renmin Road, Changde, Hunan Province, 415000, P.R. China
| | - Ji Liang
- Department of Neurology, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (The First People's Hospital of Changde City), No.818 Renmin Road, Changde, Hunan Province, 415000, P.R. China.
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Lee YJ, Rio DC. A mutation in the low-complexity domain of splicing factor hnRNPA1 linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis disrupts distinct neuronal RNA splicing networks. Genes Dev 2024; 38:11-30. [PMID: 38182429 PMCID: PMC10903937 DOI: 10.1101/gad.351104.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of motor neurons. Human genetic studies have linked mutations in RNA-binding proteins as causative for this disease. The hnRNPA1 protein, a known pre-mRNA splicing factor, is mutated in some ALS patients. Here, two human cell models were generated to investigate how a mutation in the C-terminal low-complexity domain (LCD) of hnRNPA1 can cause splicing changes of thousands of transcripts that collectively are linked to the DNA damage response, cilium organization, and translation. We show that the hnRNPA1 D262V mutant protein binds to new binding sites on differentially spliced transcripts from genes that are linked to ALS. We demonstrate that this ALS-linked hnRNPA1 mutation alters normal RNA-dependent protein-protein interactions. Furthermore, cells expressing this hnRNPA1 mutant exhibit a cell aggregation phenotype, markedly reduced growth rates, changes in stress granule kinetics, and aberrant growth of neuronal processes. This study provides insight into how a single amino acid mutation in a splicing factor can alter RNA splicing networks of genes linked to ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon J Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Donald C Rio
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA;
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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Yu S, Chen C, Chen M, Liang J, Jiang K, Lou B, Lu J, Zhu X, Zhou D. MAGOH promotes gastric cancer progression via hnRNPA1 expression inhibition-mediated RONΔ160/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway activation. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:32. [PMID: 38268030 PMCID: PMC10809607 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-02946-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is associated with high mortality and heterogeneity and poses a great threat to humans. Gene therapies for the receptor tyrosine kinase RON and its spliceosomes are attracting increasing amounts of attention due to their unique characteristics. However, little is known about the mechanism involved in the formation of the RON mRNA alternative spliceosome RONΔ160. METHODS Fourteen human GC tissue samples and six normal gastric tissue samples were subjected to label-free relative quantitative proteomics analysis, and MAGOH was identified as a candidate protein for subsequent studies. The expression of MAGOH in clinical specimens was verified by quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting. We then determined the biological function of MAGOH in GC through in vitro and in vivo experiments. RNA pulldown, RNA sequencing and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) were subsequently conducted to uncover the underlying mechanism by which MAGOH regulated the formation of RONΔ160. RESULTS Proteomic analysis revealed that MAGOH, which is located at key nodes and participates in RNA processing and mRNA splicing, was upregulated in GC tissue and GC cell lines and was associated with poor prognosis. Functional analysis showed that MAGOH promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, MAGOH inhibited the expression of hnRNPA1 and reduced the binding of hnRNPA1 to RON mRNA, thereby promoting the formation of RONΔ160 to activate the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and consequently facilitating GC progression. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed that MAGOH could promote the formation of RONΔ160 and activate the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway through the inhibition of hnRNPA1 expression. We elucidate a novel mechanism and potential therapeutic targets for the growth and metastasis of GC based on the MAGOH-RONΔ160 axis, and these findings have important guiding significance and clinical value for the future development of effective therapeutic strategies for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Yu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinxiao Liang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kecheng Jiang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Lou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Donghui Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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6
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Linscott ML, Yildiz Y, Flury S, Newby ML, Pak TR. Age and 17β-Estradiol (E 2) Facilitate Nuclear Export and Argonaute Loading of microRNAs in the Female Brain. Noncoding RNA 2023; 9:74. [PMID: 38133208 PMCID: PMC10745551 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna9060074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging in women is accompanied by a dramatic change in circulating sex steroid hormones. Specifically, the primary circulating estrogen, 17β-estradiol (E2), is nearly undetectable in post-menopausal women. This decline is associated with a variety of cognitive and mood disorders, yet hormone replacement therapy is only effective within a narrow window of time surrounding the menopausal transition. Our previous work identified microRNAs as a potential molecular substrate underlying the change in E2 efficacy associated with menopause in advanced age. Specifically, we showed that E2 regulated a small subset of mature miRNAs in the aging female brain. In this study, we hypothesized that E2 regulates the stability of mature miRNAs by altering their subcellular localization and their association with argonaute proteins. We also tested the hypothesis that the RNA binding protein, hnRNP A1, was an important regulator of mature miR-9-5p expression in neuronal cells. Our results demonstrated that E2 treatment affected miRNA subcellular localization and its association with argonaute proteins differently, depending on the length of time following E2 deprivation (i.e., ovariectomy). We also provide strong evidence that hnRNP A1 regulates the transcription of pri-miR-9 and likely plays a posttranscriptional role in mature miR-9-5p turnover. Taken together, these data have important implications for considering the optimal timing for hormone replacement therapy, which might be less dependent on age and more related to how long treatment is delayed following menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Toni R. Pak
- Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA; (M.L.L.); (Y.Y.); (S.F.); (M.L.N.)
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7
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Huang B, Liu X, Zhang T, Wu Q, Huang C, Xia XG, Zhou H. Increase in hnRNPA1 Expression Suffices to Kill Motor Neurons in Transgenic Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16214. [PMID: 38003404 PMCID: PMC10671660 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A dominant mutation in hnRNPA1 causes amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but it is not known whether this mutation leads to motor neuron death through increased or decreased function. To elucidate the relationship between pathogenic hnRNPA1 mutation and its native function, we created novel transgenic rats that overexpressed wildtype rat hnRNPA1 exclusively in motor neurons. This targeted expression of wildtype hnRNPA1 caused severe motor neuron loss and subsequent denervation muscle atrophy in transgenic rats that recapitulated the characteristics of ALS. These findings demonstrate that the augmentation of hnRNPA1 expression suffices to trigger motor neuron degeneration and the manifestation of ALS-like phenotypes. It is reasonable to infer that an amplification of an as-yet undetermined hnRNPA1 function plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of familial ALS caused by pathogenic hnRNPA1 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Huang
- Department of Pathology, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Xionghao Liu
- Department of Pathology, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, The Center for Translational Sciences, Florida International University, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA
| | - Qinxue Wu
- Department of Pathology, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Cao Huang
- Department of Pathology, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Xu-Gang Xia
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, The Center for Translational Sciences, Florida International University, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA
| | - Hongxia Zhou
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, The Center for Translational Sciences, Florida International University, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA
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Clarke JP, Thibault PA, Fatima S, Salapa HE, Kalyaanamoorthy S, Ganesan A, Levin MC. Sequence- and structure-specific RNA oligonucleotide binding attenuates heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 dysfunction. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1178439. [PMID: 37426420 PMCID: PMC10325567 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1178439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The RNA binding protein heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (A1) regulates RNA metabolism, which is crucial to maintaining cellular homeostasis. A1 dysfunction mechanistically contributes to reduced cell viability and loss, but molecular mechanisms of how A1 dysfunction affects cell viability and loss, and methodologies to attenuate its dysfunction, are lacking. Utilizing in silico molecular modeling and an in vitro optogenetic system, this study examined the consequences of RNA oligonucleotide (RNAO) treatment on attenuating A1 dysfunction and its downstream cellular effects. In silico and thermal shift experiments revealed that binding of RNAOs to the RNA Recognition Motif 1 of A1 is stabilized by sequence- and structure-specific RNAO-A1 interactions. Using optogenetics to model A1 cellular dysfunction, we show that sequence- and structure-specific RNAOs significantly attenuated abnormal cytoplasmic A1 self-association kinetics and A1 cytoplasmic clustering. Downstream of A1 dysfunction, we demonstrate that A1 clustering affects the formation of stress granules, activates cell stress, and inhibits protein translation. With RNAO treatment, we show that stress granule formation is attenuated, cell stress is inhibited, and protein translation is restored. This study provides evidence that sequence- and structure-specific RNAO treatment attenuates A1 dysfunction and its downstream effects, thus allowing for the development of A1-specific therapies that attenuate A1 dysfunction and restore cellular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P. Clarke
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Office of the Saskatchewan Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Research Chair, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Patricia A. Thibault
- Office of the Saskatchewan Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Research Chair, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Neurology Division, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Sakina Fatima
- ArGan’s Lab, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Hannah E. Salapa
- Office of the Saskatchewan Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Research Chair, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Neurology Division, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Subha Kalyaanamoorthy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Aravindhan Ganesan
- ArGan’s Lab, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Michael C. Levin
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Office of the Saskatchewan Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Research Chair, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Neurology Division, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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Li L, Diao S, Chen Z, Zhang J, Chen W, Wang T, Chen X, Zhao Y, Xu T, Huang C, Li J. DNMT3a-mediated methylation of TCF21/ hnRNPA1 aggravates hepatic fibrosis by regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway. Pharmacol Res 2023; 193:106808. [PMID: 37268177 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is caused by liver damage as a consequence of wound healing response. Recent studies have shown that hepatic fibrosis could be effectively reversed, partly through regression of activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Transcription factor 21 (TCF21), a member of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, is involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transformation in various diseases. However, the mechanism by which TCF21 regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transformation in hepatic fibrosis has not been elucidated. In this research, we found that hnRNPA1, the downstream binding protein of TCF21, accelerates hepatic fibrosis reversal by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, the combination of DNMT3a with TCF21 promoter results in TCF21 hypermethylation. Our results suggest that DNMT3a regulation of TCF21 is a significant event in reversing hepatic fibrosis. In conclusion, this research identifies a novel signaling axis, DNMT3a-TCF21-hnRNPA1, that regulates HSCs activation and hepatic fibrosis reversal, providing a novel treatment strategy for hepatic fibrosis. The clinical trial was registered in the Research Registry (researchregistry9079).
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyun Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University
| | - Shaoxi Diao
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University
| | - Zixiang Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jintong Zhang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University
| | - Wei Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Tianqi Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University
| | - Yuxin Zhao
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University
| | - Tao Xu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University
| | - Cheng Huang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University.
| | - Jun Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University.
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10
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Xu S, Fang Y, Chang L, Bian Y, Wang Y, Ding J, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Pu J, Wang K. STAT2-induced linc02231 promotes tumorigenesis and angiogenesis through modulation of hnRNPA1/ANGPTL4 in colorectal cancer. J Gene Med 2023:e3506. [PMID: 36994700 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a critical role in regulating various human diseases including cancer. In colorectal cancer (CRC), there are still some undervalued lncRNAs with potential functions and mechanisms that need to be clarified. The purpose of this project is to study the role of linc02231 in the progression of CRC. METHODS The proliferation of CRC cells was evaluated using the CCK8 assay, colony formation assay, and EdU assay. Cell migration was examined through wound healing and Transwell analyses. The impact of linc02231 on angiogenesis was determined through a tube formation assay. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of specific proteins. A mouse xenograft model is established to observe the effect of linc02231 on the in vivo growth of CRC cells. Target genes of linc02231 are screened using high-throughput sequencing. The transcriptional activity of STAT2 on linc02231 and the binding activity between linc02231/miR-939-5p/hnRNPA1 were analyzed by luciferase assay. RESULTS Based on public databases and comprehensive bioinformatics analysis, we found that lncRNA linc02231 was upregulated in CRC tumour tissues, which is consistent with our clinical results. Linc02231 promoted the proliferation and migration of CRC cells in vitro and their tumorigenicity in vivo. Furthermore, linc02231 promotes the angiogenic ability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Mechanistically, the transcription factor STAT2 binds to the promoter region of linc02231 and activates its transcription. Linc02231 also competes with miR-939-5p for binding to the pro-oncogenic target gene hnRNPA1, preventing its degradation. hnRNPA1 prevents the maturation of ANGPTL4 messenger RNA, leading to impaired tumor angiogenesis and increased metastasis of CRC. CONCLUSION The expression of linc02231, which is induced by STAT2, has been found to enhance the proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis of CRC by binding to miR-939-5p and increasing the expression of hnNRPA1 while suppressing ANGPTL4. These findings suggest that linc02231 could serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufen Xu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Fang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lisha Chang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yibo Bian
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Ding
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of General Medical, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Pu
- Department of Oncology, Lianshui County People's Hospital, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Keming Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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11
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Ma Y, Yang Y, Xin J, He L, Hu Z, Gao T, Pan F, Guo Z. RNA G-Quadruplex within the 5'-UTR of FEN1 Regulates mRNA Stability under Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020276. [PMID: 36829835 PMCID: PMC9952066 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a group of highly oxidative molecules that induce DNA damage, affecting DNA damage response (DDR) and gene expression. It is now recognized that DNA base excision repair (BER) is one of the important pathways responsible for sensing oxidative stress to eliminate DNA damage, in which FEN1 plays an important role in this process. However, the regulation of FEN1 under oxidative stress is still unclear. Here, we identified a novel RNA G-quadruplex (rG4) sequence in the 5'untranslated region (5'UTR) of FEN1 mRNA. Under oxidative stress, the G bases in the G4-forming sequence can be oxidized by ROS, resulting in structural disruption of the G-quadruplex. ROS or TMPyP4, a G4-structural ligand, disrupted the formation of G4 structure and affected the expression of FEN1. Furthermore, pull-down experiments identified a novel FEN1 rG4-binding protein, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNPA1), and cellular studies have shown that hnRNPA1 plays an important role in regulating FEN1 expression. This work demonstrates that rG4 acts as a ROS sensor in the 5'UTR of FEN1 mRNA. Taken together, these results suggest a novel role for rG4 in translational control under oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jingyu Xin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lingfeng He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhigang Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tao Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Feiyan Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Correspondence: (F.P.); (Z.G.)
| | - Zhigang Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Correspondence: (F.P.); (Z.G.)
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12
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Liu Z, Bian M, Pang L. LncRNA CRNDE binds hnRNPA1 to facilitate carbon monoxide poisoning-induced delayed encephalopathy via inhibiting UCHL5-mediated SMO deubiquitination. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:1097-1113. [PMID: 36648699 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01157-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning (DEACMP) is one of the most common complications following carbon monoxide intoxication. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) exert critical functions in numerous neurological disorders. We intended to investigate the role of CRNDE in DEACMP. The DEACMP model in rats and the oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model in PC-12 cells were established. Brain and cell injuries were assessed with H&E staining, Nissl staining, TUNEL and CCK8 assays, respectively. Related proteins and RNAs were quantified with western blot and qRT-PCR. The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) level was determined using MeRIP-qPCR and immunofluorescence. Loss and gain function studies were performed to investigate the biological function of CRNDE. The potential mechanisms between each factor were explored using RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA-pull down and co-immunoprecipitation. CRNDE was increased in the hippocampal tissues of DEACMP rats and in OGD/R-treated PC-12 cells, which was positively correlated to m6A modification. Knockdown of CRNDE reduced cell damage and elevated UCHL5 and SMO expressions in OGD/R-treated PC-12 cells. hnRNPA1 was upregulated in DEACMP. In addition, inhibiting hnRNPA1 prevented apoptosis in PC-12 cells subjected to OGD/R. hnRNPA1 bound to CRNDE and remained in the nucleus, which inhibited UCHL5 expression through the formation of CRNDE-hnRNPA1-mRNA complex. UCHL5 could inhibit SMO ubiquitination and suppress PC-12 cell apoptosis during OGD/R. CRNDE silencing blocked brain injury in DEACMP, while knocking down UCHL5 reversed these effects. CRNDE interacted with hnRNPA1 to facilitate DEACMP via inhibition of UCHL5-mediated SMO deubiquitination. CRNDE might be a latent therapeutic target for treating DEACMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuolong Liu
- Department of Emergency, the First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Road, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Bian
- Department of Respiratory, Qianwei Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130012, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Pang
- Department of Emergency, the First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Road, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Jia Y, Mao C, Ma Z, Huang J, Li W, Ma X, Zhang S, Li M, Yu F, Sun Y, Chen J, Feng J, Zhou Y, Xu Q, Zhao L, Fu Y, Kong W. PHB2 Maintains the Contractile Phenotype of VSMCs by Counteracting PKM2 Splicing. Circ Res 2022; 131:807-824. [PMID: 36200440 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.321005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phenotypic transition of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) accounts for the pathogenesis of a variety of vascular diseases during the early stage. Recent studies indicate the metabolic reprogramming may be involved in VSMC phenotypic transition. However, the definite molecules that link energy metabolism to distinct VSMC phenotype remain elusive. METHODS A carotid artery injury model was used to study postinjury neointima formation as well as VSMC phenotypic transition in vivo. RNA-seq analysis, cell migration assay, collagen gel contraction assay, wire myography assay, immunoblotting, protein interactome analysis, co-immunoprecipitation, and mammalian 2-hybrid assay were performed to clarify the phenotype and elucidate the molecular mechanisms. RESULTS We collected cell energy-regulating genes by using Gene Ontology annotation and applied RNA-Seq analysis of transforming growth factor-β or platelet-derived growth factor BB stimulated VSMCs. Six candidate genes were overlapped from energy metabolism-related genes and genes reciprocally upregulated by transforming growth factor-β and downregulated by platelet-derived growth factor BB. Among them, prohibitin 2 has been reported to regulate mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Indeed, prohibitin 2-deficient VSMCs lost the contractile phenotype as evidenced by reduced contractile proteins. Consistently, Phb2SMCKO mice were more susceptible to postinjury VSMC proliferation and neointima formation compared with Phb2flox/flox mice. Further protein interactome analysis, co-immunoprecipitation, and mammalian 2-hybrid assay revealed that prohibitin 2, through its C-terminus, directly interacts with hnRNPA1, a key modulator of pyruvate kinase M1/2 (PKM) mRNA splicing that promotes PKM2 expression and glycolysis. Prohibitin 2 deficiency facilitated PKM1/2 mRNA splicing and reversion from PKM1 to PKM2, and enhanced glycolysis in VSMCs. Blocking prohibitin 2-hnRNPA1 interaction resulted in increased PKM2 expression, enhanced glycolysis, repressed contractile marker genes expression in VSMCs, as well as aggravated postinjury neointima formation in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Prohibitin 2 maintains VSMC contractile phenotype by interacting with hnRNPA1 to counteract hnRNPA1-mediated PKM alternative splicing and glucose metabolic reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Jia
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R. China (Y.J., C.M., Z.M., J.H., W.L., X.M., S.Z., M.L., F.Y., J.F., Y.Z., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Chenfeng Mao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R. China (Y.J., C.M., Z.M., J.H., W.L., X.M., S.Z., M.L., F.Y., J.F., Y.Z., Y.F., W.K.).,Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, P. R. China (C.M.)
| | - Zihan Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R. China (Y.J., C.M., Z.M., J.H., W.L., X.M., S.Z., M.L., F.Y., J.F., Y.Z., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R. China (Y.J., C.M., Z.M., J.H., W.L., X.M., S.Z., M.L., F.Y., J.F., Y.Z., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Wenqiang Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R. China (Y.J., C.M., Z.M., J.H., W.L., X.M., S.Z., M.L., F.Y., J.F., Y.Z., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Xiaolong Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R. China (Y.J., C.M., Z.M., J.H., W.L., X.M., S.Z., M.L., F.Y., J.F., Y.Z., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Siting Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R. China (Y.J., C.M., Z.M., J.H., W.L., X.M., S.Z., M.L., F.Y., J.F., Y.Z., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Meihong Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R. China (Y.J., C.M., Z.M., J.H., W.L., X.M., S.Z., M.L., F.Y., J.F., Y.Z., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Fang Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R. China (Y.J., C.M., Z.M., J.H., W.L., X.M., S.Z., M.L., F.Y., J.F., Y.Z., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Yingying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China (Y.S., J.C.)
| | - Jingzhou Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China (Y.S., J.C.)
| | - Juan Feng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R. China (Y.J., C.M., Z.M., J.H., W.L., X.M., S.Z., M.L., F.Y., J.F., Y.Z., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R. China (Y.J., C.M., Z.M., J.H., W.L., X.M., S.Z., M.L., F.Y., J.F., Y.Z., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Qingbo Xu
- Cardiovascular Division, Kings College London BHF Centre, London SE5 9NU, UK (Q.X.).,Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China (Q.X.)
| | - Ling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, P. R. China (L.Z.)
| | - Yi Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R. China (Y.J., C.M., Z.M., J.H., W.L., X.M., S.Z., M.L., F.Y., J.F., Y.Z., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R. China (Y.J., C.M., Z.M., J.H., W.L., X.M., S.Z., M.L., F.Y., J.F., Y.Z., Y.F., W.K.)
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14
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Huang X, Chen Y, Yi J, Yi P, Jia J, Liao Y, Feng J, Jiang X. Tetracaine hydrochloride induces cell cycle arrest in melanoma by downregulating hnRNPA1. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 434:115810. [PMID: 34822839 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests potential benefits of applying local anesthetics in cancer patients. Specifically, tetracaine has a potent antitumor effect in diverse cancers, including neuroblastoma, breast cancer, and melanoma; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we reported that tetracaine hydrochloride inhibited the growth of melanoma cells and arrested melanoma cells in the G0/G1 phase. Tetracaine hydrochloride treatment resulted in translocation of hnRNPA1 from the nucleoplasm to the nuclear envelope and reduced the protein stability of hnRNPA1 possibly by disrupting the dynamic balance of ubiquitination and neddylation. Elevated hnRNPA1 upregulated cyclin D1 to promote cell cycle in melanoma. The hnRNPA1 overexpression attenuated the effect of tetracaine hydrochloride on melanoma cell growth suppression and cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, melanoma homograft experiments demonstrated that tetracaine hydrochloride suppressed melanoma growth, while hnRNPA1 overexpression alleviated tetracaine's antitumor effect on melanoma. Taken together, our findings suggest that tetracaine hydrochloride exerts a potent antitumor effect on melanoma both in vitro and in vivo, and the effect involves cell cycle arrest induction via downregulation of hnRNPA1.
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15
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Liu X, Tian N, Huang Q, Xu Z, Cheng H, Liu X, Li D, Liang R, Li B, Dai X. hnRNPA1 enhances FOXP3 stability to promote the differentiation and functions of regulatory T cells. FEBS Lett 2021; 595:1962-1974. [PMID: 34080184 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are indispensable for the maintenance of immunological self-tolerance and homeostasis. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNPA1) is required for optimal Treg induction. Here, we reveal that human-induced Tregs (iTregs) lacking hnRNPA1 show reduced expression of the transcription factor FOXP3, increased ubiquitination level of FOXP3, and impaired suppressive abilities. Human naïve CD4 T cells with hnRNPA1 knockdown show a decreased Treg differentiation ratio. hnRNPA1 could interact with FOXP3 as well as with the E3 ligase Stub1. The phosphorylation at hnRNPA1 S199 could increase both interactions. The overexpression of FOXP3 in Tregs containing shhnRNPA1 could not recover the phenotype caused by hnRNPA1 knockdown. Therefore, there might be multiple essential pathways regulated by hnRNPA1 in Tregs. In conclusion, we present a new role of hnRNPA1 in promoting Treg function, indicating it as a promising target for tumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology & Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Na Tian
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, China
| | - Qianru Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology & Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Zhan Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology & Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology & Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Xinnan Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology & Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Dan Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology & Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Rui Liang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology & Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Bin Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology & Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Xueyu Dai
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology & Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
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16
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Zeng J, Xu H, Huang C, Sun Y, Xiao H, Yu G, Zhou H, Zhang Y, Yao W, Xiao W, Hu J, Wu L, Xing J, Wang T, Chen Z, Ye Z, Chen K. CD46 splice variant enhances translation of specific mRNAs linked to an aggressive tumor cell phenotype in bladder cancer. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2021; 24:140-153. [PMID: 33767911 PMCID: PMC7972933 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
CD46 is well known to be involved in diverse biological processes. Although several splice variants of CD46 have been identified, little is known about the contribution of alternative splicing to its tumorigenic functions. In this study, we found that exclusion of CD46 exon 13 is significantly increased in bladder cancer (BCa) samples. In BCa cell lines, enforced expression of CD46-CYT2 (exon 13-skipping isoform) promoted, and CD46-CYT1 (exon 13-containing isoform) attenuated, cell growth, migration, and tumorigenicity in a xenograft model. We also applied interaction proteomics to identify exhaustively the complexes containing the CYT1 or CYT2 domain in EJ-1 cells. 320 proteins were identified that interact with the CYT1 and/or CYT2 domain, and most of them are new interactors. Using an internal ribosome entry site (IRES)-dependent reporter system, we established that CD46 could regulate mRNA translation through an interaction with the translation machinery. We also identified heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP)A1 as a novel CYT2 binding partner, and this interaction facilitates the interaction of hnRNPA1 with IRES RNA to promote IRES-dependent translation of HIF1a and c-Myc. Strikingly, the splicing factor SRSF1 is highly correlated with CD46 exon 13 exclusion in clinical BCa samples. Taken together, our findings contribute to understanding the role of CD46 in BCa development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zeng
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
- Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, P.R. China
| | - Hua Xu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
- Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Chunhua Huang
- College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, P.R. China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
- Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Haibing Xiao
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
- Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Gan Yu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
- Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
- Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Yangjun Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
- Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Weimin Yao
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
- Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
- Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Junhui Hu
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Lily Wu
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jinchun Xing
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, P.R. China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
- Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Zhangqun Ye
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
- Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
- Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
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Tsoi PS, Quan MD, Choi KJ, Dao KM, Ferreon JC, Ferreon ACM. Electrostatic modulation of hnRNPA1 low-complexity domain liquid-liquid phase separation and aggregation. Protein Sci 2021; 30:1408-1417. [PMID: 33982369 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Membrane-less organelles and RNP granules are enriched in RNA and RNA-binding proteins containing disordered regions. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNPA1), a key regulating protein in RNA metabolism, localizes to cytoplasmic RNP granules including stress granules. Dysfunctional nuclear-cytoplasmic transport and dynamic phase separation of hnRNPA1 leads to abnormal amyloid aggregation and neurodegeneration. The intrinsically disordered C-terminal domain (CTD) of hnRNPA1 mediates both dynamic liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and aggregation. While cellular phase separation drives the formation of membrane-less organelles, aggregation within phase-separated compartments has been linked to neurodegenerative diseases. To understand some of the underlying mechanisms behind protein phase separation and LLPS-mediated aggregation, we studied LLPS of hnRNPA1 CTD in conditions that probe protein electrostatics, modulated specifically by varying pH conditions, and protein, salt and RNA concentrations. In the conditions investigated, we observed LLPS to be favored in acidic conditions, and by high protein, salt and RNA concentrations. We also observed that conditions that favor LLPS also enhance protein aggregation and fibrillation, which suggests an aggregation pathway that is LLPS-mediated. The results reported here also suggest that LLPS can play a direct role in facilitating protein aggregation, and that changes in cellular environment that affect protein electrostatics can contribute to the pathological aggregation exhibited in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phoebe S Tsoi
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - My Diem Quan
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kyoung-Jae Choi
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Khoa M Dao
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Josephine C Ferreon
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Allan Chris M Ferreon
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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18
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Clarke JWE, Thibault PA, Salapa HE, Kim DE, Hutchinson C, Levin MC. Multiple Sclerosis-Associated hnRNPA1 Mutations Alter hnRNPA1 Dynamics and Influence Stress Granule Formation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2909. [PMID: 33809384 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence indicates that dysfunctional heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNPA1; A1) contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis. Understanding molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis may result in novel therapies that attenuate neurodegeneration, thereby improving the lives of MS patients with multiple sclerosis. Using an in vitro, blue light induced, optogenetic protein expression system containing the optogene Cryptochrome 2 and a fluorescent mCherry reporter, we examined the effects of multiple sclerosis-associated somatic A1 mutations (P275S and F281L) in A1 localization, cluster kinetics and stress granule formation in real-time. We show that A1 mutations caused cytoplasmic mislocalization, and significantly altered the kinetics of A1 cluster formation/dissociation, and the quantity and size of clusters. A1 mutations also caused stress granule formation to occur more quickly and frequently in response to blue light stimulation. This study establishes a live cell optogenetics imaging system to probe localization and association characteristics of A1. It also demonstrates that somatic mutations in A1 alter its function and promote stress granule formation, which supports the hypothesis that A1 dysfunction may exacerbate neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis.
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19
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Levengood JD, Peterson J, Tolbert BS, Roche J. Thermodynamic stability of hnRNP A1 low complexity domain revealed by high-pressure NMR. Proteins 2021; 89:781-791. [PMID: 33550645 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the pressure- and temperature-induced conformational changes associated with the low complexity domain of hnRNP A1, an RNA-binding protein able to phase separate in response to cellular stress. Solution NMR spectra of the hnRNP A1 low-complexity domain fused with protein-G B1 domain were collected from 1 to 2500 bar and from 268 to 290 K. While the GB1 domain shows the typical pressure-induced and cold temperature-induced unfolding expected for small globular domains, the low-complexity domain of hnRNP A1 exhibits unusual pressure and temperature dependences. We observed that the low-complexity domain is pressure sensitive, undergoing a major conformational transition within the prescribed pressure range. Remarkably, this transition has the inverse temperature dependence of a typical folding-unfolding transition. Our results suggest the presence of a low-lying extended and fully solvated state(s) of the low-complexity domain that may play a role in phase separation. This study highlights the exquisite sensitivity of solution NMR spectroscopy to observe subtle conformational changes and illustrates how pressure perturbation can be used to determine the properties of metastable conformational ensembles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Levengood
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jake Peterson
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Blanton S Tolbert
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Julien Roche
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
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20
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Huh D, Passarelli MC, Gao J, Dusmatova SN, Goin C, Fish L, Pinzaru AM, Molina H, Ren Z, McMillan EA, Asgharian H, Goodarzi H, Tavazoie SF. A stress-induced tyrosine-tRNA depletion response mediates codon-based translational repression and growth suppression. EMBO J 2021; 40:e106696. [PMID: 33346941 PMCID: PMC7809793 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020106696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic transfer RNAs can become selectively fragmented upon various stresses, generating tRNA-derived small RNA fragments. Such fragmentation has been reported to impact a small fraction of the tRNA pool and thus presumed to not directly impact translation. We report that oxidative stress can rapidly generate tyrosine-tRNAGUA fragments in human cells-causing significant depletion of the precursor tRNA. Tyrosine-tRNAGUA depletion impaired translation of growth and metabolic genes enriched in cognate tyrosine codons. Depletion of tyrosine tRNAGUA or its translationally regulated targets USP3 and SCD repressed proliferation-revealing a dedicated tRNA-regulated growth-suppressive pathway for oxidative stress response. Tyrosine fragments are generated in a DIS3L2 exoribonuclease-dependent manner and inhibit hnRNPA1-mediated transcript destabilization. Moreover, tyrosine fragmentation is conserved in C. elegans. Thus, tRNA fragmentation can coordinately generate trans-acting small RNAs and functionally deplete a tRNA. Our findings reveal the existence of an underlying adaptive codon-based regulatory response inherent to the genetic code.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doowon Huh
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer BiologyThe Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Maria C Passarelli
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer BiologyThe Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Jenny Gao
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer BiologyThe Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | | | - Clara Goin
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer BiologyThe Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Lisa Fish
- Department of Biochemistry & BiophysicsUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | | | - Henrik Molina
- Proteome Resource CenterThe Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Zhiji Ren
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer BiologyThe Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | | | - Hosseinali Asgharian
- Department of Biochemistry & BiophysicsUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Hani Goodarzi
- Department of Biochemistry & BiophysicsUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Sohail F Tavazoie
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer BiologyThe Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
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21
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Abdrabou A, Wang Z. Regulation of the nuclear speckle localization and function of Rac1. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21235. [PMID: 33417283 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001694r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Despite significant evidence that Rac1 is localized to the nucleus, little is known regarding the function and biological significance of nuclear Rac1. Here, we showed that in response to EGF Rac1 was translocated to nuclear speckles and co-localized with the nuclear speckle marker Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 2 (SRSF2) in Cos-7 cells. We also showed that the nuclear speckle localization of Rac1 was dependent on its T108 phosphorylation and facilitated by Rac1 polybasic region (PBR) that contains a nuclear localization signal and Rac1 GTPase activity. To gain insight into the function of Rac1 in nuclear speckles, we searched for Rac1 binding proteins in the nucleus. We isolated nuclear fraction of HEK 293 cells and incubated with GST-Rac1 and the phosphomimetic GST-Rac1T108E. We identified 463 proteins that were associated with GST-Rac1T108E, but not with GST-Rac1 by LC-MS/MS. Three notable groups of these proteins are: the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs), small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), and SRSFs, all of which are involved in pre-mRNA splicing and associated with nuclear speckles. We further showed by co-immunoprecipitation that Rac1 interacts with SRSF2, hnRNPA1, and U2A' in response to EGF. The interaction is dependent on T108 phosphorylation and facilitated by Rac1 PBR and GTPase activity. We showed that hnRNPA1 translocated in and out of nucleus in response to EGF in a similar pattern to Rac1. Rac1 only partially colocalized with U2A' that localizes to the actual splicing sites adjacent to nuclear speckle. Finally, we showed that Rac1 regulated EGF-induced pre-mRNA splicing and this is mediated by T108 phosphorylation. We conclude that in response to EGF, T108 phosphorylated Rac1 is targeted to nuclear speckles, interacts with multiple groups of proteins involved in pre-mRNA splicing, and regulates EGF-induced pre-mRNA splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdalla Abdrabou
- Department of Medical Genetics and Signal, Transduction Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Zhixiang Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Signal, Transduction Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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22
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Hao A, Wang Y, Zhang X, Li J, Li Y, Li D, Kulik G, Sui G. Long non-coding antisense RNA HYOU1-AS is essential to human breast cancer development through competitive binding hnRNPA1 to promote HYOU1 expression. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2021; 1868:118951. [PMID: 33422616 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.118951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) has poor prognosis due to lack of biomarker and therapeutic target. Emerging research has revealed long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in breast cancer progression, but their functions and regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood, especially in TNBC. In this study, we performed lncRNA microarray analysis of five TNBC samples and their matched normal tissues, and discovered a number of differentially expressed lncRNAs. We identified an antisense lncRNA, HYOU1-AS, which is transcribed from the opposite strand of the hypoxia up-regulated 1 (HYOU1) gene, enriched in the nucleus and highly expressed in TNBC. HYOU1-AS knockdown could inhibit the proliferation and migration of the TNBC MDA-MB-231 cells, and reduce their xenograft tumor formation in nude mice. In mechanistic studies, we found that HYOU1-AS could promote the expression of HYOU1, a proliferative gene, through competitively binding to hnRNPA1, an RNA-binding protein, to relieve its post-transcriptional inhibition of the HYOU1 mRNA. Consistently, increased HYOU1 levels correlated with poor clinical outcomes of breast cancer patients based on our study of the TCGA database. Overall, our data indicated that the lncRNA HYOU1-AS promoted TNBC progression through upregulating HYOU1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aixin Hao
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jialiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yingzhou Li
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Dangdang Li
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - George Kulik
- Department of Life Sciences, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Guangchao Sui
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
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23
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Kato K, Ikliptikawati DK, Kobayashi A, Kondo H, Lim K, Hazawa M, Wong RW. Overexpression of SARS-CoV-2 protein ORF6 dislocates RAE1 and NUP98 from the nuclear pore complex. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 536:59-66. [PMID: 33360543 PMCID: PMC7733692 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.11.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The novel human betacoronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has caused an unprecedented pandemic in the 21st century. Several studies have revealed interactions between SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins and host nucleoporins, yet their functions are largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the open-reading frame 6 (ORF6) of SARS-CoV-2 can directly manipulate localization and functions of nucleoporins. We found that ORF6 protein disrupted nuclear rim staining of nucleoporins RAE1 and NUP98. Consequently, this disruption caused aberrant nucleocytoplasmic trafficking and led to nuclear accumulation of mRNA transporters such as hnRNPA1. Ultimately, host cell nucleus size was reduced and cell growth was halted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Kato
- School of Natural System, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Dini Kurnia Ikliptikawati
- School of Natural System, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Akiko Kobayashi
- Cell-Bionomics Research Unit, Institute for Frontier Science Initiative (INFINITI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan.
| | - Hiroya Kondo
- Division of Transdisciplinary Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Keesiang Lim
- WPI-Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Masaharu Hazawa
- School of Natural System, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan; Cell-Bionomics Research Unit, Institute for Frontier Science Initiative (INFINITI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan; Division of Transdisciplinary Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan; WPI-Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Richard W Wong
- School of Natural System, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan; Cell-Bionomics Research Unit, Institute for Frontier Science Initiative (INFINITI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan; Division of Transdisciplinary Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan; WPI-Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan.
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24
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Vashistha V, Bhardwaj S, Yadav BK, Yadav AK. Depleting deubiquitinating enzymes promotes apoptosis in glioma cell line via RNA binding proteins SF2/ASF1. Biochem Biophys Rep 2020; 24:100846. [PMID: 33319070 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2020.100846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
USP5 and USP8 (Deubiquitinating enzyme) are highly overexpressed and more recognized as poor prognosis marker in various cancers. Depleting USP5 or USP8 to assess the synergism with proteasome inhibitor (Bortezomib) were measured. Furthermore, in present finding USP5 cooperates hnRNPA1 & USP8 cooperate SF2/ASF1, therefore gain in expression of either hnRNPA1 or SF2/ASF1 is sufficient to promote cell survival. On the other side, apoptosis markers were more pronounced in U87 or T98G cells devoid of either USP5 or USP8. However, apparent increase in SF2/ASF1 in absence of USP5, providing resistant factor is new. Antiapoptotic activity due to rise in SF2/ASF1 was validated after co-knock down of SF2/ASF1 in addition to USP5 induces more apoptosis comparing to individual knock down of USP5 or SF2/ASF1. This reveals SF2/ASF1 (RNA binding protein) delayed the apoptotic effect due to loss of USP5, lends ubiquitination of hnRNPA1. In presence of USP5, PI3 kinase inhibition promotes even more interaction between USP5 and hnRNPA1, thereby stabilizes hnRNPA1 in U87MG. In that way hnRNPA1 and SF2/ASF1 impart oncogenic activity. In conclusion, siRNA based strategy against USP5 is not enough to inhibit glioma, moreover targeting additionally SF2/ASF1 by knocking down USP8 is suitably more effective to deal with glioma tumour reoccurrence by indirectly targeting both SF2/ASF1 and hnRNPA1 oncogene. Deubiquitinating enzyme USP5 interact with hnRNPA1 and promotes hnRNPA1 ubiquitination is PI3 Kinase dependent. USP5 knock down in glioma cell, stabilizes SF2/ASF1 expression act as resistance factor. Depleting SF2/ASF1 and USP5 synergistically promotes apoptosis in glioma cell.
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25
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Gui W, Zhu WF, Zhu Y, Tang S, Zheng F, Yin X, Lin X, Li H. LncRNAH19 improves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle by regulating heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:173. [PMID: 33115498 PMCID: PMC7592379 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00654-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Skeletal muscle is essential for glucose and lipid metabolism. Growing evidence reveals the importance of long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) in metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the function of LncRNA H19 (H19) in lipid metabolism of skeletal muscle and its potential mechanisms. Methods Glucose tolerance, serum insulin and lipid content in serum and skeletal muscle were determined in control and H19-overexpressed db/db mice. Lipid metabolism was evaluated in H19-overexpressed or H19-silencing muscle cells by detecting lipid contents and mitochondria related functions. The underlying mechanisms were explored by RNA pull-down, mass spectrometry and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP). Results H19 was downregulated in skeletal muscle of db/db mice. H19 overexpression in db/db mice inhibited lipid ectopic deposition in skeletal muscle, meanwhile improved glucose intolerance and insulin resistance as compared with control db/db mice treated with ad-GFP. Furthermore, overexpression of H19 reversed FFA-induced lipid accumulation and increased cellular respiration in muscle cells, while H19 knockdown exhibited opposite effects in muscle cells. Mechanistically, H19 interacted with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNPA1) which was validated by RNA pulldown and RIP analysis, which increased translation of fatty acid oxidation closely related genes PGC1a and CPT1b. Conclusion Our data suggest that overexpression of H19 ameliorates insulin resistance by reducing ectopic lipid accumulation in skeletal muscle. The possible underlying mechanisms are that overexpression of lncRNAH19 promotes fatty acids oxidation via targeting of hnRNPA1. Video abstract
Supplementary Information Supplementary information accompanies this paper at 10.1186/s12964-020-00654-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Gui
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Fen Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiyi Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shengjie Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fenping Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xueyao Yin
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xihua Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China.
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26
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Fu R, Yang P, Amin S, Li Z. A novel miR-206/ hnRNPA1/PKM2 axis reshapes the Warburg effect to suppress colon cancer growth. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 531:465-471. [PMID: 32800545 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alternative splicing of pyruvate kinase gene (PKM) results in a higher PKM2/PKM1 ratio that contributes to the Warburg effect and reversing the Warburg effect has opened novel avenues for cancer treatment. miR-206 functions as a tumor suppressor in several types of cancer. However, the effect and underlying mechanisms of miR-206 on the Warburg effect are not yet elucidated. Here, we showed that miR-206 expression was obviously decreased in CRC tissues based on LinkedOmics. A significant decrease in miR-206 expression was negatively correlated with advanced tumor stage, while inversely correlated with overall survival in CRC patients. Ectopic overexpression of miR-206 has dramatically restricted the cell proliferation, glucose consumption and lactate production in CRC cells, whereas transfection of miR-206 inhibitor exhibited the opposite results. Furthermore, miR-206 overexpression induced switching from PKM2 to PKM1 via modulating alternative splicing of PKM gene. The alternative splicing factor hnRNPA1 is identified as the direct functional target of miR-206. Mechanistically, miR-206 overexpression directly targeted hnRNPA1 to suppress PKM2 expression to attenuate Warburg effect and cell proliferation of CRC. Importantly, the restoration of hnRNPA1 expression mostly abrogated the miR-206-meditated Warburg effect. Collectively, these results revealed that the novel miR-206/hnRNPA1/PKM2 axis plays a pivotal role in the Warburg effect to modulate CRC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Fu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Sajid Amin
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China; School of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
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27
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Bajc Česnik A, Motaln H, Rogelj B. The Impact of ALS-Associated Genes hnRNPA1, MATR3, VCP and UBQLN2 on the Severity of TDP-43 Aggregation. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081791. [PMID: 32731393 PMCID: PMC7465640 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by cytoplasmic inclusions of RNA-binding protein TDP-43. Despite decades of research and identification of more than 50 genes associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the cause of TDP-43 translocation from the nucleus and its aggregation in the cytoplasm still remains unknown. Our study addressed the impact of selected ALS-associated genes on TDP-43 aggregation behavior in wild-type and aggregation prone TDP-43 in vitro cell models. These were developed by deleting TDP-43 nuclear localization signal and stepwise shortening its low-complexity region. The SH-SY5Y cells were co-transfected with the constructs of aggregation-prone TDP-43 and wild-type or mutant ALS-associated genes hnRNPA1, MATR3, VCP or UBQLN2. The investigated genes displayed a unique impact on TDP-43 aggregation, generating distinct types of cytoplasmic inclusions, similar to those already described as resembling prion strains, which could represent the basis for neurodegenerative disease heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Bajc Česnik
- Department of Biotechnology, Jozef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.B.Č.); (H.M.)
- Graduate School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Helena Motaln
- Department of Biotechnology, Jozef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.B.Č.); (H.M.)
| | - Boris Rogelj
- Department of Biotechnology, Jozef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.B.Č.); (H.M.)
- Biomedical Research Institute BRIS, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +386-1-477-3611
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Möller K, Wecker AL, Höflmayer D, Fraune C, Makrypidi-Fraune G, Hube-Magg C, Kluth M, Steurer S, Clauditz TS, Wilczak W, Simon R, Sauter G, Huland H, Heinzer H, Haese A, Schlomm T, Weidemann S, Luebke AM, Minner S, Bernreuther C, Bonk S, Marx A. Upregulation of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein hnRNPA1 is an independent predictor of early biochemical recurrence in TMPRSS2:ERG fusion-negative prostate cancers. Virchows Arch 2020; 477:625-636. [PMID: 32417965 PMCID: PMC7581599 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-020-02834-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNPA1) is a ubiquitous RNA splicing factor that is overexpressed and prognostically relevant in various human cancer types. To study the impact of hnRNPA1 expression in prostate cancer, we analyzed a tissue microarray containing 17,747 clinical prostate cancer specimens by immunohistochemistry. hnRNPA1 was expressed in normal prostate glandular cells but often overexpressed in cancer cells. hnRNPA1 immunostaining was interpretable in 14,258 cancers and considered strong in 33.4%, moderate in 45.9%, weak in 15.3%, and negative in 5.4%. Moderate to strong hnRNPA1 immunostaining was strongly linked to adverse tumor features including high classical and quantitative Gleason score, lymph node metastasis, advanced tumor stage, positive surgical margin, and early biochemical recurrence (p < 0.0001 each). The prognostic impact of hnRNPA1 immunostaining was independent of established preoperatively or postoperatively available prognostic parameters (p < 0.0001). Subset analyses revealed that all these associations were strongly driven by the fraction of cancers lacking the TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion. Comparison with other key molecular data that were earlier obtained on the same TMA showed that hnRNPA1 overexpression was linked to high levels of androgen receptor (AR) expression (p < 0.0001) as well as presence of 9 of 11 chromosomal deletions (p < 0.05 each). A strong association between hnRNPA1 upregulation and tumor cell proliferation that was independent from the Gleason score supports a role for tumor cell aggressiveness. In conclusion, hnRNPA1 overexpression is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in ERG-negative prostate cancer. hnRNPA1 measurement, either alone or in combination, might provide prognostic information in ERG-negative prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Möller
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna Lena Wecker
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Fraune
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Georgia Makrypidi-Fraune
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Till S Clauditz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Waldemar Wilczak
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartwig Huland
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans Heinzer
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Haese
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Department of Urology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sören Weidemann
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas M Luebke
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Bonk
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Marx
- Institute of Pathology, Klinikum Fürth, Fürth, Germany
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Li SQ, Liu J, Zhang J, Wang XL, Chen D, Wang Y, Xu YM, Huang B, Lin J, Li J, Wang XZ. Transcriptome profiling reveals the high incidence of hnRNPA1 exon 8 inclusion in chronic myeloid leukemia. J Adv Res 2020; 24:301-310. [PMID: 32405436 PMCID: PMC7210475 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a malignancy that evolves through a multi-step process. Alternative splicing of several genes has been linked to the progression of the disease, but involvement of alternations in splicing profiles has not been reported. RNA-seq of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples characterized the differentially expressed and spliced transcripts in five CML chronic phase (CP) and five blast phase (BP) patients, and five healthy controls. Global splicing alteration analysis detected 6474 altered splicing events altered between CML and healthy samples, including many of the previously reported splicing variants and showing a more profound altered splicing deregulation in BP samples. Functional clustering of differentially spliced genes in CP revealed a preferred enrichment relating to cell signaling, while the spliceosome pathway was most overrepresented in BP samples. One differentially spliced spliceosome gene hnRNPA1 showed two splice isoforms; the longer isoform contained exon 8 was preferentially expressed in the BP patients, and the short one excluding exon 8 was specific to healthy controls. Our findings suggested that alternative splicing deregulation played a central role during the progression of CML from CP to BP, and the longer isoform of hnRNPA1 might represent a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Qi Li
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 Min De Road, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 Min De Road, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 Min De Road, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xue-Lian Wang
- Center for Genome Analysis, ABLife Inc., Wuhan 430075, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Center for Genome Analysis, ABLife Inc., Wuhan 430075, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 Min De Road, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yan-Mei Xu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 Min De Road, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 Min De Road, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jin Lin
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 Min De Road, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.17 Yong Wai Road, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xiao-Zhong Wang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 Min De Road, Nanchang 330006, China
- Corresponding author.
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Flodrops M, Dujardin G, Busson A, Trouvé P, Ka C, Simon B, Arzur D, Le Jossic-Corcos C, Corcos L. TIMP1 intron 3 retention is a marker of colon cancer progression controlled by hnRNPA1. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:3031-40. [PMID: 32200451 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05375-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported a 40-transcripts signature marking the normal mucosa to colorectal adenocarcinoma transition. Eight of these mRNAs also showed splicing alterations, including a specific intron 3 retention in tissue metalloprotease inhibitor I (TIMP1), which decreased during the early steps of colorectal cancer progression. To decipher the mechanism of intron 3 retention/splicing, we first searched for putative RNA binding protein binding sites onto the TIMP1 sequence. We identified potential serine arginine rich splicing factor 1 (SRSF1) and heterogeneous nuclear RiboNucleoProtein A1 (hnRNPA1) binding sites at the end of intron 3 and the beginning of exon 4, respectively. RNA immunoprecipitation showed that hnRNPA1, but not SRSF1 could bind to the corresponding region in TIMP1 pre-mRNA in live cells. Furthermore, using a TIMP1-based ex vivo minigene approach, together with a plasmon resonance in vitro RNA binding assay, we confirmed that hnRNPA1 could indeed bind to wild type TIMP1 exon 4 pre-mRNA and control TMP1 intron 3 splicing, the interaction being abolished in presence of a mutant sequence that disrupted this site. These results indicated that hnRNPA1, upon binding to TIMP1 exon 4, was a positive regulator of intron 3 splicing. We propose that this TIMP1-intron 3 + transcript belongs to the class of nuclear transcripts with "detained" introns, an abundant molecular class, including in cancer.
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31
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Kaur R, Lal SK. The multifarious roles of heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein A1 in viral infections. Rev Med Virol 2020; 30:e2097. [PMID: 31989716 PMCID: PMC7169068 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Viruses are obligate parasites known to interact with a wide variety of host proteins at different stages of infection. Current antiviral treatments target viral proteins and may be compromised due to the emergence of drug resistant viral strains. Targeting viral-host interactions is now gaining recognition as an alternative approach against viral infections. Recent research has revealed that heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein A1, an RNA-binding protein, plays an essential functional and regulatory role in the life cycle of many viruses. In this review, we summarize the interactions between heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNPA1) and multiple viral proteins during the life cycle of RNA and DNA viruses. hnRNPA1 protein levels are modulated differently, in different viruses, which further dictates its stability, function, and intracellular localization. Multiple reports have emphasized that in Sindbis virus, enteroviruses, porcine endemic diarrhea virus, and rhinovirus infection, hnRNPA1 enhances viral replication and survival. However, in others like hepatitis C virus and human T-cell lymphotropic virus, it exerts a protective response. The involvement of hnRNPA1 in viral infections highlights its importance as a central regulator of host and viral gene expression. Understanding the nature of these interactions will increase our understanding of specific viral infections and pathogenesis and eventually aid in the development of novel and robust antiviral intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramandeep Kaur
- Tropical Medicine and Biology Platform & School of Science, Monash University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor DE, Malaysia
| | - Sunil K Lal
- Tropical Medicine and Biology Platform & School of Science, Monash University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor DE, Malaysia
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32
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Fung L, Guzman H, Sevrioukov E, Idica A, Park E, Bochnakian A, Daugaard I, Jury D, Mortazavi A, Zisoulis DG, Pedersen IM. miR-128 Restriction of LINE-1 (L1) Retrotransposition Is Dependent on Targeting hnRNPA1 mRNA. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1955. [PMID: 31010097 PMCID: PMC6515209 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of the human genome is made of transposable elements, giving rise to interspaced repeats, including Long INterspersed Element-1s (LINE-1s or L1s). L1s are active human transposable elements involved in genomic diversity and evolution; however, they can also contribute to genomic instability and diseases. L1s require host factors to complete their life cycles, whereas the host has evolved numerous mechanisms to restrict L1-induced mutagenesis. Restriction mechanisms in somatic cells include methylation of the L1 promoter, anti-viral factors and RNA-mediated processes such as small RNAs. microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are small non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally repress multiple target genes often found in the same cellular pathways. We have recently established that miR-128 functions as a novel restriction factor inhibiting L1 mobilization in somatic cells. We have further demonstrated that miR-128 functions through a dual mechanism; by directly targeting L1 RNA for degradation and indirectly by inhibiting a cellular co-factor which L1 is dependent on to transpose to new genomic locations (TNPO1). Here, we add another piece to the puzzle of the enigmatic L1 lifecycle. We show that miR-128 also inhibits another key cellular factor, hnRNPA1 (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1), by significantly reducing mRNA and protein levels through direct interaction with the coding sequence (CDS) of hnRNPA1 mRNA. In addition, we demonstrate that repression of hnRNPA1 using hnRNPA1-shRNA significantly decreases de novo L1 retro-transposition and that induced hnRNPA1 expression enhances L1 mobilization. Furthermore, we establish that hnRNPA1 is a functional target of miR-128. Finally, we determine that induced hnRNPA1 expression in miR-128-overexpressing cells can partly rescue the miR-128-induced repression of L1's ability to transpose to different genomic locations. Thus, we have identified an additional mechanism by which miR-128 represses L1 retro-transposition and mediates genomic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianna Fung
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Francisco J. AyalaSchool of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| | - Herlinda Guzman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Francisco J. AyalaSchool of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| | - Evgueni Sevrioukov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Francisco J. AyalaSchool of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| | - Adam Idica
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Francisco J. AyalaSchool of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| | - Eddie Park
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| | - Aurore Bochnakian
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Francisco J. AyalaSchool of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| | - Iben Daugaard
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Francisco J. AyalaSchool of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| | - Douglas Jury
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Francisco J. AyalaSchool of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| | - Ali Mortazavi
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| | - Dimitrios G Zisoulis
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Francisco J. AyalaSchool of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| | - Irene M Pedersen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Francisco J. AyalaSchool of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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Peciuliene I, Vilys L, Jakubauskiene E, Zaliauskiene L, Kanopka A. Hypoxia alters splicing of the cancer associated Fas gene. Exp Cell Res 2019; 380:29-35. [PMID: 31002816 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The removal of introns from mRNA precursors (pre-mRNAs) is an essential step in eukaryotic gene expression. The splicing machinery heavily contributes to biological complexity and especially to the ability of cells to adapt to altered cellular conditions. Hypoxia also plays a key role in the pathophysiology of many disease states. Recent studies have revealed that tumorigenesis and hypoxia involve large-scale alterations in alternative pre-mRNA splicing. Cancer associated Fas protein plays a central role in the physiological regulation of programmed cell death and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various malignancies and diseases of the immune system. Fas pre-mRNA is alternatively spliced by excluding exon 6 to produce soluble Fas (sFas) protein that lacks a transmembrane domain and acts by inhibiting Fas mediated apoptosis. Another cancer related protein Rac1 plays an important regulatory role specifically in cells' motility, growth and survival. Rac pre-mRNA is alternatively spliced to produce Rac1b protein, which is upregulated in metastatic diseases. In the present study we, for the first time, show that anti-apoptotic Fas mRNA isoform formation is regulated by cellular microenvironment - hypoxia. Hypoxic microenvironment, however, does not influence Rac1 pre-mRNAs alternative splicing. Also our presented results indicate that splicing factors hnRNP A1 and SPF45, previously shown to regulate Fas alternative splicing in normoxic cells, are not involved in hypoxia dependent alternative Fas pre-mRNA splicing regulation in an amount dependent manner. Our observations on hypoxia dependent alternative Fas pre-mRNA splicing regulation indicate a probable involvement of other, yet unidentified splicing factors. Presented data also shows the contribution of pre-mRNA splicing to cell survival under unfavorable conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Peciuliene
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Vilnius University, Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Laurynas Vilys
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Vilnius University, Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Egle Jakubauskiene
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Vilnius University, Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Arvydas Kanopka
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Vilnius University, Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius, Lithuania.
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Zhang M, Zhang H, Hong H, Zhang Z. MiR-374b re-sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma cells to sorafenib therapy by antagonizing PKM2-mediated glycolysis pathway. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:765-778. [PMID: 31106002 PMCID: PMC6511640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite impressively initial clinical responses, the majority of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients treated with sorafenib eventually develop resistance to this drug. It is well-known that microRNA (miRNA) plays a critical role in HCC progression and sorafenib resistance. However, the potential mechanism by which miRNA contributes to the human HCC cells to sorafenib resistance is still unknown. Herein, we identify miR-374b/hnRNPA1/PKM2 axis serving as an important mechanism for acquired sorafenib resistance of HCC cells. By establishing a sorafenib-resistant HCC model, we demonstrated that miR-374b reduces the expression of hnRNPA1 by binding to its 3' untranslated region, which subsequently decreases levels of PKM2. The suppression of PKM2 by miR-374b re-sensitizes sorafenib-resistant HCC cells and mouse xenografts to sorafenib treatment by antagonizing glycolysis pathway. Clinically, hnRNPA1 and PKM2 expression are upregulated and inversely associated with miR-374b expression level in sorafenib-resistant HCC patients. Moreover, sorafenib significantly induces the expression of hnRNPA1, which serves as an important mechanism for the acquired sorafenib resistance in HCCs. Thus, our data suggest that targeting the alternative splicing of the PKM by miR-374b overexpression may have significant implications in overcoming the resistance to sorafenib therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukun Zhang
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Anhui Provincial HospitalHefei, Anhui, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Xiang Ya School of Medicine, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haiou Hong
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Anhui Provincial HospitalHefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Robert-Wood-Johnson Medical School University Hospital, Rutgers University, The State University of New JerseyNew Brunswick, NJ, USA
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35
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Guo L, Kim HJ, Wang H, Monaghan J, Freyermuth F, Sung JC, O'Donovan K, Fare CM, Diaz Z, Singh N, Zhang ZC, Coughlin M, Sweeny EA, DeSantis ME, Jackrel ME, Rodell CB, Burdick JA, King OD, Gitler AD, Lagier-Tourenne C, Pandey UB, Chook YM, Taylor JP, Shorter J. Nuclear-Import Receptors Reverse Aberrant Phase Transitions of RNA-Binding Proteins with Prion-like Domains. Cell 2019; 173:677-692.e20. [PMID: 29677512 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 309] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) with prion-like domains (PrLDs) phase transition to functional liquids, which can mature into aberrant hydrogels composed of pathological fibrils that underpin fatal neurodegenerative disorders. Several nuclear RBPs with PrLDs, including TDP-43, FUS, hnRNPA1, and hnRNPA2, mislocalize to cytoplasmic inclusions in neurodegenerative disorders, and mutations in their PrLDs can accelerate fibrillization and cause disease. Here, we establish that nuclear-import receptors (NIRs) specifically chaperone and potently disaggregate wild-type and disease-linked RBPs bearing a NLS. Karyopherin-β2 (also called Transportin-1) engages PY-NLSs to inhibit and reverse FUS, TAF15, EWSR1, hnRNPA1, and hnRNPA2 fibrillization, whereas Importin-α plus Karyopherin-β1 prevent and reverse TDP-43 fibrillization. Remarkably, Karyopherin-β2 dissolves phase-separated liquids and aberrant fibrillar hydrogels formed by FUS and hnRNPA1. In vivo, Karyopherin-β2 prevents RBPs with PY-NLSs accumulating in stress granules, restores nuclear RBP localization and function, and rescues degeneration caused by disease-linked FUS and hnRNPA2. Thus, NIRs therapeutically restore RBP homeostasis and mitigate neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hong Joo Kim
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38120, USA
| | - Hejia Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - John Monaghan
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Neurology and Neurobiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Fernande Freyermuth
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard University and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Julie C Sung
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kevin O'Donovan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38120, USA
| | - Charlotte M Fare
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Zamia Diaz
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nikita Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Zi Chao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096 Jiangsu, China
| | - Maura Coughlin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38120, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Sweeny
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Morgan E DeSantis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Meredith E Jackrel
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christopher B Rodell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jason A Burdick
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Oliver D King
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Aaron D Gitler
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Clotilde Lagier-Tourenne
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard University and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Udai Bhan Pandey
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Neurology and Neurobiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Yuh Min Chook
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - J Paul Taylor
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38120, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.
| | - James Shorter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Issouf M, Vargas A, Boivin R, Lavoie J. SRSF6 is upregulated in asthmatic horses and involved in the MYH11 SMB expression. Physiol Rep 2018; 6:e13896. [PMID: 30350466 PMCID: PMC6198134 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Smooth muscle has a central role in bronchospasm-induced airway obstruction in asthma. Alternative mRNA splicing of the smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (myh11) gene produces four different isoforms, one of which (SMB) is characterized by the inclusion of the exon5b, which doubles the smooth muscle cells contraction velocity. Deciphering the regulation of the expression levels of the SMB isoform would represent a major step for the understanding of the triggers and pathways leading to airway smooth muscle contraction in asthma. Our objective was therefore, to study the splicing regulation mechanisms of the exon5b in airway smooth muscle cells. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to identify the cis-regulatory elements present in the exon5b using HSF finder 3 tool. The expression of the corresponding serine/arginine rich protein (SR) genes thus identified was evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR (qPCR). SRSF1, SRSF6, and hnRNPA1 cis-acting elements were identified by in silico analysis of the exon5b sequence as splicing regulator candidates. QPCR analyses showed that SRSF1 and SRSF6 are upregulated in ASM cells from asthmatic horses in exacerbation (n = 5) compared to controls (n = 5). The inhibition of the identified splicing factors by small interfering RNA allowed identifying the regulation of the SMB isoform by SRSF6. Our results implicate for the first time the upregulation of SRSF6 and SRSF1 in the asthmatic ASM cells and indicate that SRSF6 induces the exon5b inclusion. This study provides an important first step for the understanding of the triggers and pathways leading to ASM hypercontraction and identifies a possible new target for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Issouf
- Department of Clinical SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversité de MontréalSaint‐HyacintheQuebecCanada
| | - Amandine Vargas
- Department of Clinical SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversité de MontréalSaint‐HyacintheQuebecCanada
| | - Roxane Boivin
- Department of Clinical SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversité de MontréalSaint‐HyacintheQuebecCanada
| | - Jean‐Pierre Lavoie
- Department of Clinical SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversité de MontréalSaint‐HyacintheQuebecCanada
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Ullah I, Liao Y, Wan R, Tang L, Feng J. Alternative Splicing of SMAD4 and Its Function in HaCaT Cells in Response to UVB Irradiation. J Cancer 2018; 9:3177-3186. [PMID: 30210641 PMCID: PMC6134820 DOI: 10.7150/jca.24756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing is one of the most common mechanisms of human gene regulation and plays a crucial role in increasing the diversity of functional proteins. Many diseases are linked to alternative splicing, especially cancer. SMAD4 is a member of the SMAD family and plays a critical role in mediating of TGF-β signal transduction and gene regulatory events. Smad4 is a tumour suppressor and acts as a shuttling protein between nucleus and cytoplasm. The splicing variants of Smad4 have been found in many cancers. The present study performed nested PCR to detect alternative splicing of Smad4 in HaCaT cells lines in response to UVB irradiation. The UVB induced a novel Smad4B isoform that led to decrease the Smad4 expression. The hnRNPA1 splicing factor is responsible for Smad4 alternative splicing in response to UVB. The UVB increased the expression of SF2 and hnRNPA1 Splicing factors. The hnRNPA1 overexpression induced Smad4B by regulating Smad4 alternative splicing. The Smad4B isoform supported the function of Smad4 full length in UVB resistance with certain limitation. The western blot analyses showed that the overexpressed Smad4 full length significantly increased N-cadherin expression while Smad4B overexpression decreased the expression the N-cadherin (P<0.05). Furthermore, overexpression of the isoform in HaCaT cells decreased cell invasion as compared to Smad4 full-length overexpression. These results will be helpful to understand the importance of Smad4 alternative splicing in skin tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Ullah
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yi Liao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University Chongqing, China
| | - Rongxue Wan
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Liling Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Jianguo Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
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Lee YJ, Wang Q, Rio DC. Coordinate regulation of alternative pre-mRNA splicing events by the human RNA chaperone proteins hnRNPA1 and DDX5. Genes Dev 2018; 32:1060-1074. [PMID: 30042133 PMCID: PMC6075143 DOI: 10.1101/gad.316034.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Alternative premessenger RNA (pre-mRNA) splicing is a post-transcriptional mechanism for controlling gene expression. Splicing patterns are determined by both RNA-binding proteins and nuclear pre-mRNA structure. Here, we analyzed pre-mRNA splicing patterns, RNA-binding sites, and RNA structures near these binding sites coordinately controlled by two splicing factors: the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein hnRNPA1 and the RNA helicase DDX5. We identified thousands of alternative pre-mRNA splicing events controlled by these factors by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) following RNAi. Enhanced cross-linking and immunoprecipitation (eCLIP) on nuclear extracts was used to identify protein-RNA-binding sites for both proteins in the nuclear transcriptome. We found a significant overlap between hnRNPA1 and DDX5 splicing targets and that they share many closely linked binding sites as determined by eCLIP analysis. In vivo SHAPE (selective 2'-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension) chemical RNA structure probing data were used to model RNA structures near several exons controlled and bound by both proteins. Both sequence motifs and in vivo UV cross-linking sites for hnRNPA1 and DDX5 were used to map binding sites in their RNA targets, and often these sites flanked regions of higher chemical reactivity, suggesting an organized nature of nuclear pre-mRNPs. This work provides a first glimpse into the possible RNA structures surrounding pre-mRNA splicing factor-binding sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon J Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Center for RNA Systems Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Center for RNA Systems Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Donald C Rio
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Center for RNA Systems Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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Li L, Feng J, Chen Y, Li S, Ou M, Sun W, Tang L. Estradiol shows anti-skin cancer activities through decreasing MDM2 expression. Oncotarget 2018; 8:8459-8474. [PMID: 28035066 PMCID: PMC5352414 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Estradiol plays important roles in many biological responses inducing tumor genesis and cancer treatment. However, the effects of estradiol on tumors were inconsistent among a lot of researches and the mechanism is not fully understood. Our previous study indicated that splicing factor hnRNPA1 could bind to the human homologue of mouse double minute (MDM2), an oncogene which has been observed to be over-expressed in numerous types of cancers. In this research, we investigated whether and how estradiol correlate to cancer cell behaviors through heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNPA1) and MDM2. Results showed that 10×10-13Mestradiol elevated the expression of hnRNPA1 regardless ER expression in cells, and then down-regulated the expression of MDM2. At the same time, estradiol inhibited cell proliferation, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition progression of A375 and GLL19 cells. While, knocking down hnRNPA1 through the transfection of hnRNPA1 siRNA led to the increase of MDM2 at both protein level and gene level In vivo experiment, subcutaneous injection with estradiol every two days near the tumor at doses of 2.5mg/kg/d suppressed tumor growth and reduced MDM2 expression. In a word, via increasing hnRNPA1 level and then reducing the expression of MDM2, estradiol prevented carcinogenesis in melanomas. We confirmed therapeutic effect of estradiol, as well as a new way for estradiol to resist skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianguo Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shun Li
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengting Ou
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weichao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liling Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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Liu X, Xu Y. HnRNPA1 Specifically Recognizes the Base of Nucleotide at the Loop of RNA G-Quadruplex. Molecules 2018; 23:E237. [PMID: 29361764 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Human telomere RNA performs various cellular functions, such as telomere length regulation, heterochromatin formation, and end protection. We recently demonstrated that the loops in the RNA G-quadruplex are important in the interaction of telomere RNA with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNPA1). Here, we report on a detailed analysis of hnRNPA1 binding to telomere RNA G-quadruplexes with a group of loop variants using an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. We found that the hnRNPA1 binds to RNA G-quadruplexes with the 2’-O-methyl and DNA loops, but fails to bind with the abasic RNA and DNA loops. These results suggested that hnRNPA1 binds to the loop of the RNA G-quadruplex by recognizing the base of the loop’s nucleotides. The observation provides the first evidence that the base of the loop’s nucleotides is a key factor for hnRNPA1 specifically recognizing the RNA G-quadruplex.
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Rodriguez-Aguayo C, Monroig PDC, Redis RS, Bayraktar E, Almeida MI, Ivan C, Fuentes-Mattei E, Rashed MH, Chavez-Reyes A, Ozpolat B, Mitra R, Sood AK, Calin GA, Lopez-Berestein G. Regulation of hnRNPA1 by microRNAs controls the miR-18a- K-RAS axis in chemotherapy-resistant ovarian cancer. Cell Discov 2017; 3:17029. [PMID: 28904816 PMCID: PMC5594916 DOI: 10.1038/celldisc.2017.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis, function and degradation involves a range of mechanisms, including interactions with RNA-binding proteins. The potential contribution of regulatory miRNAs to the expression of these RNA interactor proteins that could control other miRNAs expression is still unclear. Here we demonstrate a regulatory circuit involving oncogenic and tumor-suppressor miRNAs and an RNA-binding protein in a chemotherapy-resistant ovarian cancer model. We identified and characterized miR-15a-5p and miR-25-3p as negative regulators of hnRNPA1 expression, which is required for the processing of miR-18a-3p, an inhibitor of the K-RAS oncogene. The inhibition of miR-25-3p and miR-15a-5p decreased the proliferation, motility, invasiveness and angiogenic potential and increased apoptosis when combined with docetaxel. Alteration of this regulatory circuit causes poor overall survival outcome in ovarian cancer patients. These results highlight miR-15a-5p and miR-25-3p as key regulators of miR-18a-3p expression and its downstream target K-RAS, through direct modulation of hnRNPA1 expression. Our results demonstrate the therapeutic potential of inhibiting miR-25-3p and miR-15a-5p and the use of miR-18a-3p/KRAS ratio as a prominent outcome prognostic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paloma del C Monroig
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Roxana S Redis
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Emine Bayraktar
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Maria I Almeida
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde/Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (I3S) and Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Ivan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Enrique Fuentes-Mattei
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mohammed H Rashed
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Al-Azhar, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Arturo Chavez-Reyes
- Center for Research and Advanced Studies, National Polytechnic Institute (CINVESTAV del IPN), Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Bulent Ozpolat
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rahul Mitra
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anil K Sood
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gabriel Lopez-Berestein
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Abstract
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP)A1, a member of the hnRNP family, is involved in a variety of RNA metabolisms. The hnRNPA1 expression is altered in some human diseases and mutations of the hnRNPA1 gene cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and multisystem proteinopathy. It has been therefore assumed that the dysregulation of hnRNPA1 is linked to the pathogenesis of the diseases. However, the mechanism underlying the regulation of the hnRNPA1 expression remains unknown. In this study, using cell-based models, we have found that hnRNPA1 negatively regulates its own mRNA expression by inhibiting the intron10 splicing of hnRNPA1 pre-mRNA. This mechanism likely serves as an autoregulation of the hnRNPA1 expression. We have also found that a low-grade excess of hnRNPA1 expression causes cytotoxicity by activating the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Collectively, these data suggest that the level of hnRNPA1 is strictly controlled to be within a certain range by the mRNA autoregulation in the physiological condition so that the cytotoxicity-causative alteration of hnRNPA1 expression does not take place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Suzuki
- Department of Pharmacology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan
| | - Masaaki Matsuoka
- Department of Pharmacology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan. .,Department of Dermatological Neuroscience, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan.
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43
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Zhou B, Wang Y, Jiang J, Jiang H, Song J, Han T, Shi J, Qiao H. The long noncoding RNA colon cancer-associated transcript-1/miR-490 axis regulates gastric cancer cell migration by targeting hnRNPA1. IUBMB Life 2016; 68:201-10. [PMID: 26825578 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Colon cancer-associated transcript-1 (CCAT1) is a highly conserved long noncoding RNA that is deregulated in several cancers. However, its role in gastric carcinoma and its post-transcriptional regulation remain poorly understood. In this study, we provide the first evidence that CCAT1 regulates miR-490 in gastric cancer (GC) cells. Interestingly, miR-490 can also repress CCAT1 expression. CCAT1 expression was significantly upregulated, and miR-490 expression was downregulated in GC. The negative correlation between miR-490 and CCAT1 expression was observed in GC tissues. Importantly, CCAT1 contains a putative miR-490-binding site, and deletion of this binding site abolishes their miR-490 responsiveness. Post-transcriptional CCAT1 silencing by miR-490 significantly suppressed GC cell migration. Furthermore, miR-490 directly bound to the hnRNPA1 mRNA 3'-UTR to repress its translation. Inhibition of miR-490 rescued CCAT1 siRNA-mediated suppression of cell migration. hnRNPA1 expression was significantly upregulated in GC specimens, and there was a negative correlation between miR-490 and hnRNPA1 expression and also a positive correlation between hnRNAP1 expression level and CCAT1 level. Taken together, we show for the first time that the CCAT1/miR-490/hnRNPA1 axis promotes GC migration, and it may have a possible diagnostic and therapeutic potential in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoguo Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yuli Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jinpeng Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongpeng Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jianwei Song
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Taotao Han
- National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Shi
- National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haiquan Qiao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Luan W, Wang Y, Chen X, Shi Y, Wang J, Zhang J, Qian J, Li R, Tao T, Wei W, Hu Q, Liu N, You Y. PKM2 promotes glucose metabolism and cell growth in gliomas through a mechanism involving a let-7a/c-Myc/ hnRNPA1 feedback loop. Oncotarget 2015; 6:13006-18. [PMID: 25948776 PMCID: PMC4536995 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells metabolize more glucose to lactate in aerobic or hypoxic conditions than non-tumor cells. Pyruvate kinase isoenzyme type M2 (PKM2) is crucial for tumor cell aerobic glycolysis. We established a role for let-7a/c-Myc/hnRNPA1/PKM2 signaling in glioma cell glucose metabolism. PKM2 depletion via siRNA inhibits cell proliferation and aerobic glycolysis in glioma cells. C-Myc promotes up-regulation of hnRNPA1 expression, hnRNPA1 binding to PKM pre-mRNA, and the subsequent formation of PKM2. This pathway is downregulated by the microRNA let-7a, which functionally targets c-Myc, whereas hnRNPA1 blocks the biogenesis of let-7a to counteract its ability to downregulate the c-Myc/hnRNPA1/PKM2 signaling pathway. The down-regulation of c-Myc/ hnRNPA1/PKM2 by let-7a is verified using a glioma xenograft model. These results suggest that let-7a, c-Myc and hnRNPA1 from a feedback loop, thereby regulating PKM2 expression to modulate glucose metabolism of glioma cells. These findings elucidate a new pathway mediating aerobic glycolysis in gliomas and provide an attractive potential target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkang Luan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingyi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xincheng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junxia Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin Qian
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Xuancheng City, Anhui, China
| | - Ri Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Tao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjin Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongping You
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Honda H, Hamasaki H, Wakamiya T, Koyama S, Suzuki SO, Fujii N, Iwaki T. Loss of hnRNPA1 in ALS spinal cord motor neurons with TDP-43-positive inclusions. Neuropathology 2014; 35:37-43. [PMID: 25338872 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of motor neurons and appearance of skein-like inclusions. The inclusions are composed of trans-activation response (TAR) DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), a member of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) family. hnRNPA1 and hnRNPA2/B1 are hnRNPs that interact with the C-terminus of TDP-43. Using immunohistochemistry, we investigated the association between TDP-43 and hnRNPA1 in ALS spinal motor neurons. We examined spinal cords of seven ALS cases and six muscular dystrophy cases (used as controls) for the presence of TDP-43 and hnRNPA1 protein. In the control cases, hnRNPA1 immunoreactivity in motor neurons was intense in the nucleus and weak in the cytoplasm where it showed a fine granular appearance. In the ALS cases, hnRNPA1 immunoreactivity in motor neurons was reduced in the nuclei of neurons with skein-like inclusions but was not detected in the skein-like inclusions. The marked loss of hnRNPA1 in motor neurons with concomitant cytoplasmic aggregation of TDP-43 may represent a severe disturbance of mRNA processing, suggesting a key role in progressive neuronal death in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Honda
- Department of Neuropathology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Ko CC, Chen YJ, Chen CT, Liu YC, Cheng FC, Hsu KC, Chow LP. Chemical proteomics identifies heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) A1 as the molecular target of quercetin in its anti-cancer effects in PC-3 cells. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:22078-89. [PMID: 24962584 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.553248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin, a flavonoid abundantly present in plants, is widely used as a phytotherapy in prostatitis and prostate cancer. Although quercetin has been reported to have a number of therapeutic effects, the cellular target(s) responsible for its anti-cancer action has not yet been clearly elucidated. Here, employing affinity chromatography and mass spectrometry, we identified heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNPA1) as a direct target of quercetin. A specific interaction between quercetin and hnRNPA1 was validated by immunoblotting and in vitro binding experiments. We found that quercetin bound the C-terminal region of hnRNPA1, impairing the ability of hnRNPA1 to shuttle between the nucleus and cytoplasm and ultimately resulting in its cytoplasmic retention. In addition, hnRNPA1 was recruited to stress granules after treatment of cells with quercetin for up to 48 h, and the levels of cIAP1 (cellular inhibitor of apoptosis), an internal ribosome entry site translation-dependent protein, were reduced by hnRNPA1 regulation. This is the first report that anti-cancer effects of quercetin are mediated, in part, by impairing functions of hnRNPA1, insights that were obtained using a chemical proteomics strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chen Ko
- From the Graduate Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan and
| | - Yun-Ju Chen
- From the Graduate Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan and
| | - Chih-Ta Chen
- From the Graduate Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan and
| | - Yu-Chih Liu
- From the Graduate Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan and
| | - Fong-Chi Cheng
- Eurofins Panlabs Taiwan Ltd., 158 Li-Teh Road, Peitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chao Hsu
- From the Graduate Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan and
| | - Lu-Ping Chow
- From the Graduate Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan and
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Haselmann V, Kurz A, Bertsch U, Hübner S, Olempska-Müller M, Fritsch J, Häsler R, Pickl A, Fritsche H, Annewanter F, Engler C, Fleig B, Bernt A, Röder C, Schmidt H, Gelhaus C, Hauser C, Egberts JH, Heneweer C, Rohde AM, Böger C, Knippschild U, Röcken C, Adam D, Walczak H, Schütze S, Janssen O, Wulczyn FG, Wajant H, Kalthoff H, Trauzold A. Nuclear death receptor TRAIL-R2 inhibits maturation of let-7 and promotes proliferation of pancreatic and other tumor cells. Gastroenterology 2014; 146:278-90. [PMID: 24120475 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2013.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL-R1) (TNFRSF10A) and TRAIL-R2 (TNFRSF10B) on the plasma membrane bind ligands that activate apoptotic and other signaling pathways. Cancer cells also might have TRAIL-R2 in the cytoplasm or nucleus, although little is known about its activities in these locations. We investigated the functions of nuclear TRAIL-R2 in cancer cell lines. METHODS Proteins that interact with TRAIL-R2 initially were identified in pancreatic cancer cells by immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, and immunofluorescence analyses. Findings were validated in colon, renal, lung, and breast cancer cells. Functions of TRAIL-R2 were determined from small interfering RNA knockdown, real-time polymerase chain reaction, Drosha-activity, microRNA array, proliferation, differentiation, and immunoblot experiments. We assessed the effects of TRAIL-R2 overexpression or knockdown in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells and their ability to form tumors in mice. We also analyzed levels of TRAIL-R2 in sections of PDACs and non-neoplastic peritumoral ducts from patients. RESULTS TRAIL-R2 was found to interact with the core microprocessor components Drosha and DGCR8 and the associated regulatory proteins p68, hnRNPA1, NF45, and NF90 in nuclei of PDAC and other tumor cells. Knockdown of TRAIL-R2 increased Drosha-mediated processing of the let-7 microRNA precursor primary let-7 (resulting in increased levels of mature let-7), reduced levels of the let-7 targets (LIN28B and HMGA2), and inhibited cell proliferation. PDAC tissues from patients had higher levels of nuclear TRAIL-R2 than non-neoplastic pancreatic tissue, which correlated with increased nuclear levels of HMGA2 and poor outcomes. Knockdown of TRAIL-R2 in PDAC cells slowed their growth as orthotopic tumors in mice. Reduced nuclear levels of TRAIL-R2 in cultured pancreatic epithelial cells promoted their differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Nuclear TRAIL-R2 inhibits maturation of the microRNA let-7 in pancreatic cancer cell lines and increases their proliferation. Pancreatic tumor samples have increased levels of nuclear TRAIL-R2, which correlate with poor outcome of patients. These findings indicate that in the nucleus, death receptors can function as tumor promoters and might be therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Haselmann
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexandra Kurz
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Uwe Bertsch
- Institute of Immunology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hübner
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Monika Olempska-Müller
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jürgen Fritsch
- Institute of Immunology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Robert Häsler
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Pickl
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hendrik Fritsche
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Franka Annewanter
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christine Engler
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Barbara Fleig
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexander Bernt
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christian Röder
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | | | - Charlotte Hauser
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Clinic for General Surgery, Visceral, Thoracic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan-Hendrik Egberts
- Clinic for General Surgery, Visceral, Thoracic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Carola Heneweer
- Clinic for Diagnostic Radiology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anna Maria Rohde
- Center for Anatomy, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Uwe Knippschild
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Centre of Surgery, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Dieter Adam
- Institute of Immunology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Henning Walczak
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer and Inflammation, University College London Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Schütze
- Institute of Immunology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ottmar Janssen
- Institute of Immunology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - F Gregory Wulczyn
- Center for Anatomy, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Harald Wajant
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Kalthoff
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anna Trauzold
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
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Zamiri B, Reddy K, Macgregor RB, Pearson CE. TMPyP4 porphyrin distorts RNA G-quadruplex structures of the disease-associated r(GGGGCC)n repeat of the C9orf72 gene and blocks interaction of RNA-binding proteins. J Biol Chem 2013; 289:4653-9. [PMID: 24371143 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.c113.502336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Certain DNA and RNA sequences can form G-quadruplexes, which can affect genetic instability, promoter activity, RNA splicing, RNA stability, and neurite mRNA localization. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia can be caused by expansion of a (GGGGCC)n repeat in the C9orf72 gene. Mutant r(GGGGCC)n- and r(GGCCCC)n-containing transcripts aggregate in nuclear foci, possibly sequestering repeat-binding proteins such as ASF/SF2 and hnRNPA1, suggesting a toxic RNA pathogenesis, as occurs in myotonic dystrophy. Furthermore, the C9orf72 repeat RNA was recently demonstrated to undergo the noncanonical repeat-associated non-AUG translation (RAN translation) into pathologic dipeptide repeats in patient brains, a process that is thought to depend upon RNA structure. We previously demonstrated that the r(GGGGCC)n RNA forms repeat tract length-dependent G-quadruplex structures that bind the ASF/SF2 protein. Here we show that the cationic porphyrin (5,10,15,20-tetra(N-methyl-4-pyridyl) porphyrin (TMPyP4)), which can bind some G-quadruplex-forming sequences, can bind and distort the G-quadruplex formed by r(GGGGCC)8, and this ablates the interaction of either hnRNPA1 or ASF/SF2 with the repeat. These findings provide proof of concept that nucleic acid binding small molecules, such as TMPyP4, can distort the secondary structure of the C9orf72 repeat, which may beneficially disrupt protein interactions, which may ablate either protein sequestration and/or RAN translation into potentially toxic dipeptides. Disruption of secondary structure formation of the C9orf72 RNA repeats may be a viable therapeutic avenue, as well as a means to test the role of RNA structure upon RAN translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bita Zamiri
- From the Graduate Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2
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49
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Shorter J, Taylor JP. Disease mutations in the prion-like domains of hnRNPA1 and hnRNPA2/B1 introduce potent steric zippers that drive excess RNP granule assembly. Rare Dis 2013; 1:e25200. [PMID: 25002999 PMCID: PMC3932941 DOI: 10.4161/rdis.25200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 1% of human proteins harbor a prion-like domain (PrLD) of similar low complexity sequence and amino acid composition to domains that drive prionogenesis of yeast proteins like Sup35. PrLDs are over-represented in human RNA-binding proteins and mediate phase transitions underpinning RNP granule assembly. This modality renders PrLDs prone to misfold into conformers that accrue in pathological inclusions that characterize various fatal neurodegenerative diseases. For example, TDP-43 and FUS form cytoplasmic inclusions in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and mutations in TDP-43 and FUS can cause ALS. Here, we review our recent discovery of discrete missense mutations that alter a conserved gatekeeper aspartate residue in the PrLDs of hnRNPA2/B1 and hnRNPA1 and cause multisystem proteinopathy and ALS. The missense mutations generate potent steric zippers in the PrLDs, which enhance a natural propensity to form self-templating fibrils, promote recruitment to stress granules and drive cytoplasmic inclusion formation. PrLDs occur in ~250 human proteins and could contribute directly to the etiology of various degenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Shorter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics; Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - J Paul Taylor
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology; St Jude Children's Research Hospital; Memphis, TN USA
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