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Luo M, Boudier A, Pallotta A, Maincent P, Vincourt JB, Leroy P. Albumin as a carrier for NO delivery: preparation, physicochemical characterization, and interaction with gold nanoparticles. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2016; 42:1928-1937. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2016.1182546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Luo
- Université De Lorraine – CITHEFOR EA 3452, Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Ariane Boudier
- Université De Lorraine – CITHEFOR EA 3452, Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Arnaud Pallotta
- Université De Lorraine – CITHEFOR EA 3452, Nancy Cedex, France
| | | | - Jean-Baptiste Vincourt
- Université De Lorraine – IMoPA, UMR 7365 CNRS, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
- Proteomics Platform of Fédération De Recherche 3209, Biopole De La Faculté De Médecine De Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Pierre Leroy
- Université De Lorraine – CITHEFOR EA 3452, Nancy Cedex, France
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2
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Sakata M, Kawaguchi T, Taniguchi E, Abe M, Koga H, Sata M. Quick and simple method for increasing the reduced albumin fraction in human serum albumin preparations by using stronger neo-minophagen C. Hepatol Res 2011; 41:1120-5. [PMID: 22032679 DOI: 10.1111/j.1872-034x.2011.00863.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Serum albumin exists in both oxidized and reduced forms. Reduced albumin shows higher antioxidative effects; however, the percentage of reduced albumin is low in human serum albumin (HSA) preparation. Stronger neo-minophagen C (SNMC) containing cysteine, a nucleophilic amino acid, has the potential to control the redox state of albumin. The aim of this study was to develop a method for increasing the fraction of reduced albumin in HAS preparation using SNMC. METHODS Human serum albumin preparations were purchased from four different manufacturers. As a reducing agent, SNMC (50, 100, or 200 µL) was added to 62.5 mg of each HSA preparation, and the mixture was incubated at room temperature for 10-480 min. The percentages of reduced albumin were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS The percentage of reduced albumin in the HSA preparation significantly increased 15 min after treatment with 200 µL of SNMC (manufacturer A; 27.7 ± 0.18% vs. 78.7 ± 0.36%, P < 0.01), and a dose-dependent relationship was observed between the increase in the percentage of reduced albumin and dose of SNMC. Similar results were obtained with the other three HSA preparations. The percentage of reduced albumin reached its peak at 15 min after mixing SNMC with an HSA preparation, and then gradually decreased with duration, irrespective of the dose of SNMC. CONCLUSIONS We devised a method for increasing the reduced albumin fraction in an HSA preparation by using SNMC. We also determined the time-and dose-differences in the effect of SNMC on redox state of HSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Sakata
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine Department of Digestive Disease Information & Research, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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3
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Moon GJ, Shin DH, Im DS, Bang OY, Nam HS, Lee JH, Joo IS, Huh K, Gwag BJ. Identification of oxidized serum albumin in the cerebrospinal fluid of ischaemic stroke patients. Eur J Neurol 2011; 18:1151-8. [PMID: 21299736 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2011.03357.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Extensive evidence has shown that oxidative stress mediates neuronal death in animal models of hypoxic-ischaemia. Brain biomarkers of oxidative stress need to be identified in order to better understand and treat brain damage in human stroke patients. The present study was conducted to identify potential target proteins of oxidative stress in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of stroke patients with acute ischaemic brain injury. METHODS We performed two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to separate protein samples obtained from the CSF of control and stroke patients. To determine protein oxidation levels, oxyblot was then used to detect protein carbonyls that were determined by formation of a stable 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNP) product using an anti-DNP antibody. RESULTS We found that oxidation of serum albumin was increased in the CSF from stroke patients as well as rats who underwent permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (6.5%, 23%, respectively). In stroke patients, oxidized albumin levels correlated to neurologic indications. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that oxidized albumin in CSF can be utilized as an oxidative stress marker in human stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- G J Moon
- Research Institute for Neural Science and Technology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
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4
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Li X, Deng H, Zhu XQ, Wang X, Liang H, Cheng JP. Establishment of the C-NO bond dissociation energy scale in solution and its application in analyzing the trend of NO transfer from C-nitroso compound to thiols. J Org Chem 2009; 74:4472-8. [PMID: 19453157 DOI: 10.1021/jo900732b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The first set of experimentally determined C-NO bond homolytic and heterolytic dissociation enthalpies in solution is derived by using direct titration calorimetry combined with appropriate electrode potentials through thermodynamic cycles. The homolytic bond dissociation energy scale (BDEs) of the corresponding C-NO bonds in the gas phase was also calculated at the MP2/6-311+G**//B3LYP/6-31G* level and BP86/6-31G*//B3LYP/6-31G* level of theory for the purpose of comparison. The C-NO and S-NO bond thermodynamic parameters were used to predict the trend of NO transfer from C-nitroso substrates to thiols in acetonitrile solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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5
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Amperometric S-nitrosothiol sensor with enhanced sensitivity based on organoselenium catalysts. Biosens Bioelectron 2008; 24:2441-6. [PMID: 19168347 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2008.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2008] [Revised: 12/12/2008] [Accepted: 12/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A new S-nitrosothiol (RSNO) detection strategy based on an electrochemical sensor is described for rapidly estimating levels of total RSNOs in blood and other biological samples. The sensor employs a cellulose dialysis membrane covalently modified with an organoselenium catalyst that converts RSNOs to NO at the distal tip of an amperometric NO sensor. The sensor is characterized by very low detection limits (<20 nM), good long-term stability, and can be employed for the rapid detection of total low-molecular-weight (LMW) RSNO levels in whole blood samples using a simple standard addition method. A strategy for detecting macromolecular RSNOs is also demonstrated via use of a transnitrosation reaction with added LMW thiols allowing the estimation of total RSNO levels in blood. The sensor is shown to exhibit high selectivity over nitrosamines and nitrite. Such RSNO detection is potentially useful to reveal correlation between blood RSNO levels and endothelial cell dysfunction, which often is associated with cardiovascular diseases.
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6
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Wu YW, Tsai YH. Characterization of and Mechanism for Copper-Induced Thioureation of Serum Albumin. Bioconjug Chem 2008; 19:1822-30. [DOI: 10.1021/bc7004158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wei Wu
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacy and Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hui Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacy and Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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7
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Wu YW, Chen SF, Yang CB, Tsai YH. Screening, purification, and identification of a copper-dependent FITC-binding protein in human plasma: albumin. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2008; 863:187-91. [PMID: 18255362 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2007] [Revised: 12/24/2007] [Accepted: 01/11/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a protein purified by fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-affinity chromatography from human plasma was identified as albumin by MALDI-TOF-MS. Albumin was found to conjugate with FITC-labeled molecules through a copper-dependent reaction. The formation of this complex was confirmed by methods including a newly developed "charcoal-based fluorescence assay" (CFA), gel-filtration, affinity chromatography, and ultrafiltration. The binding was identified as disulfide bridge formation. This is the first to demonstrate that copper induces a covalent binding of FITC-labeled molecules with albumin. In addition, the developed CFA method facilitates the screening of small fluorescent dyes binding to macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wei Wu
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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8
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Kawakami A, Kubota K, Yamada N, Tagami U, Takehana K, Sonaka I, Suzuki E, Hirayama K. Identification and characterization of oxidized human serum albumin. FEBS J 2006; 273:3346-57. [PMID: 16857017 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2006.05341.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Human serum albumin (HSA) exists in both reduced and oxidized forms, and the percentage of oxidized albumin increases in several diseases. However, little is known regarding the pathophysiological significance of oxidation due to poor characterization of the precise structural and functional properties of oxidized HSA. Here, we characterize both the structural and functional differences between reduced and oxidized HSA. Using LC-ESI-TOFMS and FTMS analysis, we determined that the major structural change in oxidized HSA in healthy human plasma is a disulfide-bonded cysteine at the thiol of Cys34 of reduced HSA. Based on this structural information, we prepared standard samples of purified HSA, e.g. nonoxidized (intact purified HSA which mainly exists in reduced form), mildly oxidized and highly oxidized HSA. Using these standards, we demonstrated several differences in functional properties of HSA including protease susceptibility, ligand-binding affinity and antioxidant activity. From these observations, we conclude that an increased level of oxidized HSA may impair HSA function in a number of pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asami Kawakami
- Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories, Ajinomoto Co. Inc., Kawasaki, Japan
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9
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Guikema B, Lu Q, Jourd'heuil D. Chemical considerations and biological selectivity of protein nitrosation: implications for NO-mediated signal transduction. Antioxid Redox Signal 2005; 7:593-606. [PMID: 15890003 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2005.7.593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a diatomic free radical that plays an important role in the homeostatic regulation of the central nervous, immune, and cardiovascular systems. In addition to its interaction with guanylate cyclase, which results in the production of the second messenger cyclic GMP, there is now a large body of literature indicating that many of the effects associated with the production of NO are due to the nitrosation of cysteine residues in proteins. In this review, we outline the primary chemical pathways that may account for protein nitrosation in cells and tissues. The functional implications of protein nitrosation are discussed by using the p21(ras) subfamily of small monomeric GTPases and the cysteine-containing aspartate-specific proteases (caspases) as prototypical examples. Overall, in addition to the well characterized NO/O(2) reaction, there may exist multiple pathways accounting for protein nitrosation in cells. These include acid- and free radical-mediated mechanisms. Although protein nitrosation may not be limited to cysteine residues, there is now ample evidence that nitrosation reactions, in a fashion similar to oxidative modifications, may modulate the structure, activity, association, and localization of a specific subset of proteins in cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Guikema
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
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10
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Rayner BS, Wu BJ, Raftery M, Stocker R, Witting PK. Human S-Nitroso Oxymyoglobin Is a Store of Vasoactive Nitric Oxide. J Biol Chem 2005; 280:9985-93. [PMID: 15644316 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m410564200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (.NO) regulates vascular function, and myoglobin (Mb) is a heme protein present in skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle, where it facilitates O(2) transfer. Human ferric Mb binds .NO to yield nitrosylheme and S-nitroso (S-NO) Mb (Witting, P. K., Douglas, D. J., and Mauk, A. G. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276, 3991-3998). Here we show that human ferrous oxy-myoglobin (oxyMb) oxidizes .NO, with a second order rate constant k = 2.8 +/- 0.1 x 10(7) M(-1).s(-1) as determined by stopped-flow spectroscopy. Mixtures containing oxyMb and S-nitrosoglutathione or S-nitrosocysteine added at 1.5-2 moles of S-nitrosothiol/mol oxyMb yielded S-NO oxyMb through trans-nitrosation equilibria as confirmed with mass spectrometry. Rate constants for the equilibrium reactions were k(forward) = 110 +/- 3 and k(reverse) = 16 +/- 3 M(-1).s(-1) for S-nitrosoglutathione and k(forward) = 293 +/- 5 and k(reverse) = 20 +/- 2 M(-1).s(-1) for S-nitrosocysteine. Incubation of S-NO oxyMb with Cu(2+) ions stimulated .NO release as measured with a .NO electrode. Similarly, Cu(2+) released .NO from Mb immunoprecipitated from cultured human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) that were pre-treated with diethylaminenonoate. No .NO release was observed from VSMCs treated with vehicle alone or immunoprecipitates obtained from porcine aortic endothelial cells with and without diethylaminenonoate treatment. Importantly, pre-constricted aortic rings relaxed in the presence of S-NO oxyMb in a cyclic GMP-dependent process. These data indicate that human oxyMb rapidly oxidizes .NO and that biologically relevant S-nitrosothiols can trans-(S)nitrosate human oxyMb. Furthermore, S-NO oxyMb can be isolated from cultured human VSMCs exposed to an exogenous .NO donor at physiologic concentration. The potential biologic implications of S-NO oxyMb acting as a source of .NO are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin S Rayner
- Centre for Vascular Research and Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Unit, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
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11
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Soejima A, Matsuzawa N, Hayashi T, Kimura R, Ootsuka T, Fukuoka K, Yamada A, Nagasawa T, Era S. Alteration of redox state of human serum albumin before and after hemodialysis. Blood Purif 2004; 22:525-9. [PMID: 15583477 DOI: 10.1159/000082524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persistent hypoalbuminemia is a predictor of death in long-term maintenance hemodialysis patients, although cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death. A decreased serum antioxidant activity in maintenance hemodialysis patients may contribute to increased oxidative damage, and may be associated with accelerated atherosclerotic changes. METHODS The aim of this study was to examine the redox state of human serum albumin in maintenance hemodialysis patients by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a fluorescence detector. RESULTS HPLC of human serum albumin on a Shodex-Asahipak ES-502N column at pH 4.85 showed a clear resolution of human mercaptalbumin (HMA) and nonmercaptalbumin (HNA), which are the reduced and oxidized forms of human serum albumin, respectively. The mean +/- SD percentage of the HMA fraction of human serum albumin was significantly lower in maintenance hemodialysis patients than in age-matched normal subjects. The percentage of HMA increased 3-5 h after starting the hemodialysis and then decreased to subnormal levels. CONCLUSION This suggests that serum albumin may be a major extracellular antioxidant in maintenance hemodialysis patients, and that hemodialysis may rescue serum albumin reduction by inducing intermolecular sulfhydryl-disulfide exchange reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinori Soejima
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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12
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Anraku M, Kitamura K, Shinohara A, Adachi M, Suenga A, Maruyama T, Miyanaka K, Miyoshi T, Shiraishi N, Nonoguchi H, Otagiri M, Tomita K, Suenaga A. Intravenous iron administration induces oxidation of serum albumin in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int 2004; 66:841-8. [PMID: 15253741 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2004.00813.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intravenous iron administration (IVIR) is effective for correcting anemia in hemodialysis (HD) patients. However, it may also enhance the generation of hydroxyl radicals. Recently, plasma proteins have been demonstrated to be extremely susceptible to oxidative stress. Therefore, we investigated the effect of IVIR on the oxidative status of albumin, a major plasma protein, in HD patients. METHODS Eleven hemodialysis (HD) patients were treated with 40 mg of saccharated ferric oxide intravenously after every dialysis session for four weeks, and 11 age-/gender-matched HD patients were treated with vehicle. We performed high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of serum albumin and determined the levels of reduced and oxidized albumin. Carbonyl formation of plasma proteins were also measured using an anti-2,4 dinitrophenylhydrazine antibody in patients with or without IVIR. RESULTS IVIR resulted in an increase in both disulfide form (f(HNA-1)) and oxidized form (f(HNA-2)) of albumin in HD patients (36.0 +/- 6.03 vs. 41.7 +/- 6.27; 5.46 +/- 1.50 vs. 8.7 +/- 2.22, respectively, P < 0.05). The findings here also show that IVIR substantially increased plasma protein carbonyl content by oxidizing albumin. In addition, we found a strong correlation between plasma carbonyl content and the levels of oxidized albumin (f(HNA-1) and f(HNA-2)) in HD patients (R= 0.674 and R= 0.724, respectively, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION The results of this study indicate that the HPLC analysis of serum albumin represents a potentially useful method for the quantitative and qualitative evaluation of oxidative stress in HD patients, and strongly suggest the possibility that oxidative stress, generated by IVIR, enhances the oxidation of albumin in those patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Anraku
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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13
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Bocedi A, Gradoni L, Menegatti E, Ascenzi P. Kinetics of parasite cysteine proteinase inactivation by NO-donors. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2004; 315:710-8. [PMID: 14975759 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.01.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2004] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
NO-donors block Plasmodium, Trypanosoma, and Leishmania life cycle inactivating parasite cysteine proteinases. In this study, the inactivation of falcipain, cruzipain, and Leishmania infantum cysteine proteinase by S-nitroso-5-dimethylaminonaphthalene-1-sulphonyl (dansyl-SNO), S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), (+/-)-(E)-4-ethyl-2-[(E)-hydroxyimino]-5-nitro-3-hexenamide (NOR-3), and S-nitrosoacetylpenicillamine (SNAP) is reported. With NO-donors in excess over the parasite cysteine proteinase, the time course of enzyme inactivation corresponds to a pseudo-first-order reaction for more than 90% of its course. The concentration dependence of the pseudo-first-order rate constant is second-order at low NO-donor concentrations but tends to first-order at high NO-donor concentrations. This behavior may be explained by a relatively fast pre-equilibrium followed by a limiting pseudo-first-order process. Kinetic parameters of cruzipain inactivation by GSNO were affected by the acidic pK shift of one ionizing group (from pKunl = 5.7 to pKlig = 4.8) upon GSNO-induced enzyme inactivation. Falcipain, cruzipain, and L. infantum cysteine proteinase inactivation by dansyl-SNO, GSNO, NOR-3, and SNAP is prevented and reversed by dithionite and l-ascorbic acid. However, the incubation of L. infantum cysteine proteinase with dansyl-SNO does not result in the appearance of fluorescence of the enzyme. More than 90% of the S-transnitrosylation product GSH existed in the inactivation reaction, suggesting that S-transnitrosylation is the favorite process for parasite cysteine proteinase inactivation. Furthermore, the fluorogenic substrate N-alpha-benzyloxycarbonyl-l-phenylalanyl-l-arginine-(7-amino-4-methylcoumarin) protects L. infantum cysteine proteinase from inactivation by SNAP. These results indicate that parasite cysteine proteinase inactivation by NO-donors occurs via NO-mediated S-nitrosylation of the Cys25 catalytic residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Bocedi
- Laboratorio di Parassitologia, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, I-00161 Rome, Italy
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14
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Houk KN, Hietbrink BN, Bartberger MD, McCarren PR, Choi BY, Voyksner RD, Stamler JS, Toone EJ. Nitroxyl disulfides, novel intermediates in transnitrosation reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2003; 125:6972-6. [PMID: 12783550 DOI: 10.1021/ja029655l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel anionic RSN(O)SR species, the intermediate in transnitrosation reactions, was explored computationally with B3LYP and CBS-QB3 methods. The species resembles a nitroxyl coordinated to a highly distorted disulfide, and it differs significantly from intermediates in nucleophilic acyl substitution. Reactions of the following species were computed for comparison: MeS(-) + MeSNO; MeO(-) + MeONO; MeS(-) + MeSCHO; MeO(-) + MeOCHO. The last two have very different intermediates from the first two. Mass spectrometric experimental evidence is presented that is consistent with the formation of a nitroxyl disulfide in the gas phase. The calculated proton affinity and redox potentials of the intermediate are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, USA.
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15
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Wang PG, Xian M, Tang X, Wu X, Wen Z, Cai T, Janczuk AJ. Nitric oxide donors: chemical activities and biological applications. Chem Rev 2002; 102:1091-134. [PMID: 11942788 DOI: 10.1021/cr000040l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 956] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng George Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA.
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16
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Chen X, Wen Z, Xian M, Wang K, Ramachandran N, Tang X, Schlegel HB, Mutus B, Wang PG. Fluorophore-labeled S-nitrosothiols. J Org Chem 2001; 66:6064-73. [PMID: 11529732 DOI: 10.1021/jo015658p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of fluorophore-labeled S-nitrosothiols were synthesized, and their fluorescence enhancements upon removal of the nitroso (NO) group were evaluated either by transnitrosation or by photolysis. It was shown that, with a suitable alkyl linker, the fluorescence intensity of dansyl-labeled S-nitrosothiols could be enhanced up to 30-fold. The observed fluorescence enhancement was attributed to the intramolecular energy transfer from fluorophore to the SNO moiety. Ab initio density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicated that the "overlap" between the SNO moiety and the dansyl ring is favored because of their stabilizing interaction, which was in turn affected by both the length of the alkyl linker and the rigidity of the sulfonamide unit. In addition, one of the dansyl-labeled S-nitrosothiols was used to explore the kinetics of S-nitrosothiol/thiol transnitrosation and was evaluated as a fluorescence probe of S-nitrosothiol-bound NO transfer in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
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17
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Steffen M, Sarkela TM, Gybina AA, Steele TW, Trasseth NJ, Kuehl D, Giulivi C. Metabolism of S-nitrosoglutathione in intact mitochondria. Biochem J 2001; 356:395-402. [PMID: 11368766 PMCID: PMC1221850 DOI: 10.1042/0264-6021:3560395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
S-nitrosation of protein thiol groups by nitric oxide (NO*) is a widely recognized protein modification. Only few intracellular S-nitrosated proteins have been identified and it has been reported that S-nitrosation/denitrosation can serve as a regulatory process in signal-transduction pathways. Given the potential physiological importance of S-nitrosothiols, and considering that mitochondria are endowed with high levels of thiols and the biochemical requisites for synthesizing NO*, we examined the occurrence of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) in intact, coupled rat liver mitochondria. These organelles contained 0.34 nmol of GSNO/mg of protein, detected by HPLC with UV-visible and electrochemical detections. This concentration was dynamically modulated by the availability of NO*; its decay was affected mainly by GSH and superoxide dismutase in a reaction that entailed the generation of GSSG. On the basis of the relatively long half-life of GSNO and the negligible recovery of NO* during its decay, roles for GSNO as a storage and transport molecule for NO* are discussed. Moreover, the formation of GSNO and its reaction with GSH can be considered to be partly responsible for the catabolism of NO* via a complex mechanism that might result in the formation of hydroxylamine, nitrite or nitrous oxide depending upon the availability of oxygen, superoxide dismutase and glutathione. Finally, the high concentrations of GSH in the cytosol and mitochondria might favour the formation of GSNO by reacting with NO* 'in excess', thereby avoiding damaging side reactions (such as peroxynitrite formation), and facilitate the inactivation of NO* by generating other nitrogen-related species without the chemical properties characteristic of NO*.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Steffen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 10 University Drive, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
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Tsikas D, Sandmann J, Luessen P, Savva A, Rossa S, Stichtenoth DO, Frölich JC. S-Transnitrosylation of albumin in human plasma and blood in vitro and in vivo in the rat. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2001; 1546:422-34. [PMID: 11295447 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4838(01)00166-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
S-Nitrosoalbumin (SNOALB) is the most abundant physiological circulating nitric oxide (NO) carrier regulating NO-dependent biological actions in humans. The mechanisms of its formation and biological actions are still incompletely understood. Nitrosation by authentic NO and S-transnitrosylation of the single sulfhydryl group located at Cys-34 of human albumin by the physiological S-nitroso compounds S-nitrosocysteine (SNOC) and S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) are two possible mechanisms. On a quantitative basis, we investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry the contribution of these two mechanisms to SNOALB formation in human plasma and blood in vitro. GSNO and SNOC (0-100 microM) rapidly and efficiently (recovery=35%) S-transnitrosylated albumin to form SNOALB. NO (100 microM) S-nitrosated albumin to SNOALB at a considerably lower extent (recovery=5%). The putative NO-donating drugs glyceryl trinitrate and sodium nitroprusside (each 100 microM) failed completely in S-nitrosating albumin. Bubbling NO into human plasma and blood resulted in formation of SNOALB that inhibited ADP-induced platelet aggregation. Infusion of GS(15)NO in the rat resulted in formation of S(15)NOALB, [(15)N]nitrate and [(15)N]nitrite. Our results suggest that S-transnitrosylation of albumin by SNOC and GSNO could be a more favored mechanism for the formation of SNOALB in the circulation in vivo than S-nitrosation of albumin by NO itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Tsikas
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, D-30625, Hannover, Germany
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Wang K, Wen Z, Zhang W, Xian M, Cheng JP, Wang PG. Equilibrium and kinetics studies of transnitrosation between S-nitrosothiols and thiols. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11:433-6. [PMID: 11212129 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(00)00688-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Using UV-vis spectrometrical measurements, equilibrium constants for NO transfer between S-nitroso-N-acetyl-penicillamine (SNAP) and different thiols as well as kinetic data for NO transfer from S-nitroso bovine serum albumin (BSANO) to thiols have been obtained. NO transfer from SNAP to other primary/secondary thiols are thermodynamically favorable, whereas other S-nitrosothiols exhibit similar NO transfer potential. The obtained Gibbs free energy, enthalpy and entropy data indicated that NO transfer reactions from SNAP to four thiols are exothermic with entropy loss. The kinetic behavior of BSANO/RSH transfer can be related to both the acidity of sulfhydryl group and the electronic structure in thiol.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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20
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Salt TE, Zhang H, Mayer B, Benz B, Binns KE, Do KQ. Novel mode of nitric oxide neurotransmission mediated via S-nitroso-cysteinyl-glycine. Eur J Neurosci 2000; 12:3919-25. [PMID: 11069587 DOI: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2000.00285.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
S-nitroso-cysteinyl-glycine, a novel nitric oxide-adduct thiol compound, can be detected in the brain (2.3+/-0.6 pmol/mg protein), and released following stimulation of sensory afferents to the rat ventrobasal thalamus in vivo (resting conditions 17 nM; stimulation: 186 nM). Iontophoretic application of CysNOGly (20-80 nA) onto thalamic neurons in vivo resulted in enhancements of excitatory responses to either NMDA or AMPA (182+/-13.6% and 244+/-27.8% of control values, n = 15). CysNOGly enhanced responses to stimulation of vibrissal afferents to 132+/-2.2% (n = 7) of control values. In contrast, the dipeptide CysGly reduced responses of ventrobasal neurons to NMDA and AMPA (54+/-8.4% and 55+/-10.8% of control, n = 5). CysNOGly was also a potent activator of soluble guanylate cyclase in vitro. Moreover, we found that NMDA elevated CysNOGly levels in vitro and this stimulatory effect was reduced by inhibitors of the neuronal NO synthase and of the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, suggesting that production of NO and CysGly is a prelude to CysNOGly synthesis. These findings suggest that the nitrosothiol CysNOGly plays a role in synaptic transmission in the ventrobasal thalamus. We propose a novel synaptic buffering mechanism where S-nitroso-cysteinyl-glycine serves to restrict the locus of action of nitric oxide and so increase its local availability for target delivery. This could lead to a change in neuronal responses favouring sensory transmission similar to that seen in wakefulness or arousal in order to locally enhance transmission of persistent sensory stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- T E Salt
- Department of Visual Science, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London EC1V 9EL, UK.
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21
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Xian M, Chen X, Liu Z, Wang K, Wang PG. Inhibition of papain by S-nitrosothiols. Formation of mixed disulfides. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:20467-73. [PMID: 10779505 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m001054200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
S-Nitrosylation of protein thiols is one of the cellular regulatory mechanisms induced by NO. The cysteine protease papain has a critical thiol residue (Cys(25)). It has been demonstrated that NO or NO donors such as sodium nitroprusside and N-nitrosoaniline derivatives can reversibly inhibit this enzyme by S-NO bond formation in its active site. In this study, a different regulated mechanism of inactivation was reported using S-nitrosothiols as the NO donor. Five S-nitroso compounds, S-nitroso-N-acetyl-dl-penicillamine, S-nitrosoglutathione, S-nitrosocaptopril, glucose-S-nitroso-N-acetyl-dl-penicillamine-2, and the S-nitroso tripeptide acetyl-Phe-Gly-S-nitrosopenicillamine, exhibited different inhibitory activities toward the enzyme in a time- and concentration-dependent manner with second-order rate constants (k(i)/K(I)) ranging from 8.9 to 17.2 m(-1) s(-1). The inhibition of papain by S-nitrosothiol was rapidly reversed by dithiothreitol, but not by ascorbate, which could reverse the inhibition of papain by NOBF(4). Incubation of the enzyme with a fluorescent S-nitroso probe (S-nitroso-5-dimethylaminonaphthalene-1-sulfonyl) resulted in the appearance of fluorescence of the protein, indicating the formation of a thiol adduct. Moreover, S-transnitrosylation in the incubation of S-nitroso inactivators with papain was excluded. These results suggest that inactivation of papain by S-nitrosothiols is due to a direct attack of the highly reactive thiolate (Cys(25)) in the enzyme active site on the sulfur of S-nitrosothiols to form a mixed disulfide between the inactivator and papain.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Xian
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
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22
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Observation for redox state of human serum and aqueous humor albumin from patients with senile cataract. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0928-4680(99)00022-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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23
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Abstract
In the vasculature, nitrosothiols derived from the nitric oxide (NO)-mediated S-nitrosation of thiols play an important role in the transport, storage, and metabolism of NO. The present study was designed to examine the reactions that promote the decomposition, formation, and distribution of extracellular nitrosothiols in the circulation. The disappearance of these species in plasma and whole blood was examined using a high-performance liquid chromatography method to separate low- and high-molecular weight nitrosothiols. We found that incubation of S-nitrosocysteine (CySNO) or S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) with human plasma resulted in a rapid decomposition of these nitrosothiols such that <10% of the initial concentration was recovered after 10-15 min. Neither metal chelators (DTPA, neocuproine), nor zinc chloride (glutathione peroxidase inhibitor), acivicin (gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase inhibitor), or allopurinol (xanthine oxidase inhibitor) inhibited the decomposition of GSNO. With both CySNO and GSNO virtually all NO was recovered as S-nitrosoalbumin (AlbSNO), suggesting the involvement of a direct transnitrosation reaction. Electrophilic attack of the albumin-associated thiols by reactive nitrogen oxides formed from the interaction of NO with O(2) was ruled out because one would have expected 50% yield of AlbSNO. Similar results were obtained in whole blood. The amount of S-nitrosohemoglobin recovered in the presence of 10 microM GSNO or CySNO was less than 100 nM taking into consideration the detection limit of the assay used. Our results suggest that serum albumin may act as a sink for low-molecular-weight nitrosothiols and as a modulator of NO(+) transfer between the vascular wall and intraerythrocytic hemoglobin.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Jourd'heuil
- Vascular Biology Research Group, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA. david-jourd'
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Tsikas D, Sandmann J, Rossa S, Gutzki FM, Frölich JC. Investigations of S-transnitrosylation reactions between low- and high-molecular-weight S-nitroso compounds and their thiols by high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Anal Biochem 1999; 270:231-41. [PMID: 10334840 DOI: 10.1006/abio.1999.4084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
S-Transnitrosylation reactions are supposed to be the basic principle by which nitric oxide-related biological activities are regulated in vivo. Mechanisms of S-transnitrosylation reactions are poorly understood and equilibria constants for physiological S-nitroso compounds and thiols are rare. In the present study we investigated S-transnitrosylation reactions of the thiols homocysteine, cysteine, glutathione, N-acetylcysteine, N-acetylpenicillamine, and human plasma albumin and their corresponding S-nitroso compounds SNhC, SNC, GSNO, SNAC, SNAP, and SNALB utilizing high-performance liquid chromatographic and gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric techniques. These methods allowed to study S-transnitrosylation reactions in mixtures of several S-nitroso compound/thiol pairs, to determine equilibria constants, and to elucidate the mechanism of S-transnitrosylation reactions. We obtained the following order for the equilibria constants in aqueous buffered solution at pH 7.4: SNhC approximately SNAC > GSNO approximately SNALB > SNAP > SNC. Our results suggest that the mechanism of S-transnitrosylation reactions of these S-nitroso compounds and their thiols involve heterolytic cleavage of the S&sbond;N bond. Incubation of SNC with human red blood cells resulted in a dose-dependent formation of GSNO in the cytosol through S-transnitrosylation of intracellular GSH by the SNC transported into the cells. This reaction was accompanied with an almost complete disappearance of the SNC fraction transported into the cells. This finding is in full agreement with the equilibrium constant Keq of 1.9 for the reaction SNC + GSH <--> Cys + GSNO in aqueous buffer.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Tsikas
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, 30623, Germany.
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25
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Tsikas D, Sandmann J, Rossa S, Gutzki FM, Frölich JC. Measurement of S-nitrosoalbumin by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(99)00011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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26
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A Kinetic Approach to Characterize the Electrostatic Environments of Thiol Groups in Proteins. Bioorg Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1006/bioo.1998.1112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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27
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Fang K, Ragsdale NV, Carey RM, MacDonald T, Gaston B. Reductive assays for S-nitrosothiols: implications for measurements in biological systems. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998; 252:535-40. [PMID: 9837741 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.9688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive SNOs are found in many tissues. We speculated SNOs might be misidentified in conventional assays which reduce NO-3 to NO. S-Nitrosothiols were exposed to saturated VCl3 in HCl, 1% KI in acetic acid, photolysis, or CuCl and CSH in He; NO was measured by chemiluminescence. S-Nitrosothiols were readily detected in VCl3 but not in KI. Reduction in CuCl/cysteine was linear (r2 = 1.0, n = 6), sensitive to 10 pmol, and eliminated by HgCl2; it did not detect NO-2, NO-3, or 3-nitrotyrosine. S-Nitrosothiols represented approximately 2.9% of NOx assayed by VCl3 in human serum, of which <5% were low-mass species. In summary, (i) conventional assays may misidentify NO-3, but not NO-2, as SNOs; and (ii) chemiluminescence/reduction systems may be sensitive and specific as SNO assays. We suggest that assay of the SNO fraction in biological NOx may be more relevant and feasible than is now appreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908, USA
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28
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29
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Rossi R, Lusini L, Giannerini F, Giustarini D, Lungarella G, Di Simplicio P. A method to study kinetics of transnitrosation with nitrosoglutathione: reactions with hemoglobin and other thiols. Anal Biochem 1997; 254:215-20. [PMID: 9417779 DOI: 10.1006/abio.1997.2424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The rate of protein S-nitrosylation, a reversible process by which S-nitroso thiol (RS-NO) compounds exchange the NO+ moiety with protein SH groups, is essentially governed by two factors, the pK alpha and the accessibility of the protein sulfhydryl. A useful method of following transnitrosation kinetics of various protein and nonprotein SH compounds with GS-NO is described. When the reaction is carried out in the presence of 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene and glutathione transferases, the rate of RS-NO formation (RSH + GS-NO-->RS-NO + GSH) can be monitored by spectrophotometry at 340 nm in terms of the enzymatic conversion of GSH to a GS conjugate. Unlike methods based on NO release from the S-NO bond, this procedure is rapid and accurate and requires relatively small amounts of thiols. The second order rate constants of S-nitrosylation of human and rat oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin of BSA and other thiols were calculated by this method which confirmed previous results reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rossi
- Department of Environmental Biology, University of Siena, Italy
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30
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Gergel' D, Cederbaum AI. Interaction of nitric oxide with 2-thio-5-nitrobenzoic acid: implications for the determination of free sulfhydryl groups by Ellman's reagent. Arch Biochem Biophys 1997; 347:282-8. [PMID: 9367537 DOI: 10.1006/abbi.1997.0352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) in an aerobic environment, reacts with the sulfhydryl groups of proteins to form nitroso thiols. Ellman's reagent, 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid), DTNB, is widely used for the determination of -SH groups. In this procedure, DTNB, a symmetric aryl disulfide, reacts with the free thiol to give a mixed disulfide plus 2-nitro-5-thiobenzoic acid (TNB) which is quantified by its absorbance at 412 nm. We observed that the presence of NO during the determination of SH groups in a reaction system containing glutathione (GSH) or bovine serum albumin (BSA) plus DTNB resulted in an inhibition in the detection of TNB. Addition of NO donors or NO gas after TNB was already formed led to the bleaching of yellow color and loss of absorbance at 412 nm. These interactions did not occur under anaerobic conditions. Decreased formation of TNB therefore appeared to be due not only to destruction of SH groups of BSA or GSH by NO (S-nitrosation) and consequently to lower TNB formation, but also to direct reaction of NO/O2 with TNB. The mechanism(s) of inhibition of accumulation of TNB by NO was evaluated. NO generated by DEA/NO, SNAP, or spermine/NO, as well as gaseous NO or BSA-NO, directly interacted with TNB, followed by decreased absorbance at 412 nm in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Kinetics of NO/O2 interaction with TNB were dependent on the ability of the NO donors to release NO as the donors with a short half-life bleached the yellow color of TNB faster. The requirement for O2 suggests that nitrogen oxide or higher oxides of NOx are responsible for interaction with TNB. The UV/VIS spectrum of the final product formed during the interaction of NO with TNB was identical to that of DTNB. These results suggest that interaction of NO (NOx) with TNB resulted in the formation of an unstable nitrosothiol, followed by oxidation and dimerization back to the corresponding disulfide, DTNB. Therefore, determination of SH groups in proteins by Ellman's reagent after or in the presence of NO treatment is complicated since the reduced form of DTNB, TNB, can be reoxidized by NO back to DTNB, with subsequent loss of absorbance at 412 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Gergel'
- Department of Biochemistry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA
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31
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The decomposition of S-nitrosated dithiols: A model for vicinal nitrosothiols in enzymes. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(97)00234-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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