Biswas C, Sriram U, Ciric B, Ostrovsky O, Gallucci S, Argon Y. The N-terminal fragment of GRP94 is sufficient for peptide presentation via professional antigen-presenting cells.
Int Immunol 2006;
18:1147-57. [PMID:
16772370 DOI:
10.1093/intimm/dxl049]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The chaperone glucose-regulated protein 94 (GRP94) has long been used to augment peptide presentation to T cells. This chaperone binds antigenic peptides, binds to receptors on professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs), activates these cells and after internalization, transfers the peptides to MHC class I for activation of T cells. Here we show that all these activities reside within amino acids 1-355 of GRP94. This small fragment is sufficient to bind peptides, to bind and be taken up by the receptors CD91 and scavenger receptor type A on either dendritic cells or macrophages. The minimal construct can augment peptide presentation in culture and induce antigen-specific CTL in naive mice only because it loads APCs with the relevant peptide. Thus, the sequence 1-355 is the immunologically sufficient module of GRP94 and we propose that this 'mini-chaperone' can be used in immunotherapy of tumors and vaccine development.
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