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Talaat RM, El-Bassiouny AI, Osman AM, Yossif M, Charmy R, Al-Sherbiny MM. Cytokine secretion profile associated with periportal fibrosis in S. mansoni-infected Egyptian patients. Parasitol Res 2007; 101:289-99. [PMID: 17323139 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-007-0478-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2006] [Accepted: 01/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Periportal fibrosis (PPF) is a major pathological consequence of S. mansoni infection. Ultrasonography is a well-established tool for diagnosis and grading of schistosomiasis-related pathology. This work is performed to study the effect of schistosomiasis mansoni infection on the cytokine secretion profile in S. mansoni-infected patients at various grades of fibrosis, as determined by ultrasonography using Cairo Working Group classification. The levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL5, IL-10, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha were measured in the absence of in vitro antigen stimulation and after stimulation with worm and egg antigens. Simple intestinal (INT) patients are characterized by strong proliferation to worm antigen and high levels of IL-10 and TNF-alpha compared to patients at various grades of infection. GradeII (GdII)-infected patients are characterized by higher IL-5 production than are patients with other clinical forms of the disease. Sharp reduction of almost all cytokines in response to both worm and egg antigens was detected in GdIII-infected patients. These results stressed the role of both IL-10 and TNF-alpha in the early stages of hepatic fibrosis, while IL-5 could be employed as a potential predictive marker for advanced stages. In conclusion, PPF is associated with cytokine production profiles that vary with the magnitude of the fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roba M Talaat
- Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Minofiya University, Sadat City, Egypt.
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2
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Silva-Teixeira DN, Contigli C, Lambertucci JR, Serufo JC, Rodrigues V. Gender-related cytokine patterns in sera of schistosomiasis patients with Symmers' fibrosis. CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY 2005; 11:627-30. [PMID: 15138194 PMCID: PMC404566 DOI: 10.1128/cdli.11.3.627-630.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cytokine levels were compared between schistosomiasis patients affected by intense fibrosis defined by ultrasound examination and graded from F-0 to F-3. The concentrations of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13, gamma interferon, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of serum samples. Levels of IL-4, IL-5, and TNF-alpha in the sera of F-3 patients were significantly higher than those found in F-0 individuals, while levels of IL-13 were lower. Levels of IL-4, IL-5, and TNF-alpha in serum were significantly higher in F-3 males than in F-0 males or F-3 females. Conversely, levels of IL-13 were significantly lower in F-3 females than in F-0 females and males.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Nascimento Silva-Teixeira
- Laboratory of Immunology, Faculdade de Medicina do TriAngulo Mineiro, Rua Frei Paulino 30, Uberaba (MG) CEP 38025-180, Brazil.
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3
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Zouain CS, Falcão PL, Goes TS, Leite MF, Goes AM. Schistosoma mansoni PIII antigen modulates in vitro granuloma formation by regulating CD28, CTLA-4, and CD86 expression in humans. Immunol Lett 2004; 91:113-8. [PMID: 15019278 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2003.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2003] [Revised: 10/15/2003] [Accepted: 10/15/2003] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the in vitro responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from intestinal chronic schistosomiasis patients to PIII, a multivalent antigen prepared from Schistosoma mansoni adult worm. PIII decreased cellular proliferation and granulomatous reaction. Moreover, induced the reduction of IFN-gamma levels and increased IL-10 production. To better understand the mechanism through which the observed suppression occurs, the present study focused on the phenotypic pattern displayed by PBMC treated with PIII in an in vitro granuloma assay. Expression of the surface markers CD28, CTLA-4 and CD86 by lymphocytes and monocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry. Our results demonstrated a significant decrease of CD28+CD4+ and CD28+CD8+ T-cell percentage stimulated by PIII compared to its non-infected counterparts. This suppressive effect was related to a significant increase in the percentage of T-cells expressing CTLA-4. PIII also promoted a significant increase in the percentage of cells expressing CD86. Indeed, our results demonstrated that PIII was capable of modulating in vitro granuloma reaction, and this event was related to the balance of IL-10, IFN-gamma and CD28, CTLA-4, CD86 bringing new insight to the immunoregulation of granulomatous hypersensitivity in human schistosomiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Zouain
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Caixa Postal 486, CEP 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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4
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Almeida CA, Leite MF, Goes AM. Signal transduction events in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated by Schistosoma mansoni antigens. Hum Immunol 2001; 62:1159-66. [PMID: 11600225 DOI: 10.1016/s0198-8859(01)00302-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Activation of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) is a common step of T cell stimulation. However, the relationship between PTKs and activation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from intestinal chronic schistosomiasis patients has not been explored yet. In this study, we investigated the participation of Lck and ZAP-70 protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs), as well as PLC-gamma1 and Shc proteins in PBMC activation by Schistosoma mansoni antigens. PBMC were stimulated with SEA (soluble egg antigen) or SWAP (soluble worm preparation), lysed, precipitated with specific antibodies and the level of tyrosine phosphorylation evaluated. Our results show that Lck and Shc were phosphorylated upon stimulation of the cells with SWAP, as well as with SEA. However, the phosphorylation level was more pronounced in SWAP than in SEA-stimulated cells. Phosphorylation of ZAP-70 was observed only in SWAP stimulated cells. Additionally, PLC-gamma1 phosphorylation was not observed in PBMC stimulated with SEA. Together, these results indicate that SEA and SWAP induce PBMC proliferation through distinct intracellular signaling pathways. Moreover, the weaker response of PBMC to SEA compared to SWAP stimulation suggests down-regulation of cells from intestinal chronic schistosomiasis patients to SEA, which may occur during immunomodulation to S. mansoni response.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Helminth/pharmacology
- Cytokines/biosynthesis
- Enzyme Activation/immunology
- Humans
- Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/enzymology
- Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/immunology
- Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/metabolism
- Isoenzymes/metabolism
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/enzymology
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/parasitology
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Lymphocyte Specific Protein Tyrosine Kinase p56(lck)/metabolism
- Phospholipase C gamma
- Phosphorylation
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism
- Schistosoma mansoni/immunology
- Schistosomiasis mansoni/enzymology
- Schistosomiasis mansoni/immunology
- Schistosomiasis mansoni/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- Type C Phospholipases/metabolism
- Tyrosine/metabolism
- ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase
- src-Family Kinases/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Almeida
- Departamento de Bioquimica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, ICB, MG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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5
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Neves SM, Rezende SA, Goes AM. Nitric oxide-mediated immune complex-induced prostaglandin E(2) production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells of humans infected with Schistosoma mansoni. Cell Immunol 1999; 195:37-42. [PMID: 10433795 DOI: 10.1006/cimm.1999.1515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Granuloma reaction around Schistosoma mansoni eggs is the prominent lesion in human schistosomiasis. Studies have suggested the involvement of a series of suppressive mechanisms in the control of this reaction. Using an in vitro model of granuloma formation, we have shown that immune complexes (IC) isolated from sera of chronic intestinal schistosomiasis patients were able to reduce granulomatous reaction developed against soluble egg antigen-conjugated polyacrylamide beads. In this system, the role of the l-arginine-nitric oxide (NO) pathway in the formation of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients infected with schistosomiasis was investigated using IC. Preincubation of PBMC with IC produced a significant increase of both nitrite and PGE(2) levels in the cell supernatant. This effect was inhibited by coincubation of cells with Nomega-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a NO synthase inhibitor, showing that the release of PGE(2) subsequent to IC stimulation was driven by NO. The inhibitory effect of L-NAME on PGE(2) release by IC-treated PBMC was reversed by sodium nitroprusside, a known NO donor. Our results indicate that NO could be an important second signal for the stimulation of PGE(2) production induced by IC in PBMC from human schistosomiasis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Neves
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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6
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Contigli C, Silva-Teixeira DN, Del Prete G, D'Elios MM, De Carli M, Manghetti M, Amedei A, Almerigogna F, Lambertucci JR, Goes AM. Phenotype and cytokine profile of Schistosoma mansoni specific T cell lines and clones derived from schistosomiasis patients with distinct clinical forms. Clin Immunol 1999; 91:338-44. [PMID: 10370380 DOI: 10.1006/clim.1999.4706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
It is essential to distinguish the role of T lymphocytes on the physiopathology associated to more severe forms of schistosomiasis and on the immunomodulation that evolves in the majority of infected people. In this study, we generated Schistosoma mansoni-specific T cell lines and clones from patients with the acute and chronic (intestinal and hepatosplenic forms) phases of disease, from former ones, and from uninfected individuals sensitized to parasite soluble antigens. T cell lines derived from nontreated acute infected donors were capable of producing IL-4 and IL-5, while cells from treated patients secreted IFN-gamma. Lines from intestinal chronic and antigen-sensitized donors preferentially produced IFN-gamma, while those from hepatosplenic patients secreted all three cytokines. The cytokine analysis of CD4+ T cell clones revealed a Th2/Th0 pattern (clones producing IL-4 and IL-5 and clones producing all three cytokines) for those derived from infected patients, while cells from antigen-sensitized donors exhibited an opposite Th1/Th0 pattern (clones producing IFN-gamma and clones producing all three cytokines). The possible role of these T cell populations on human schistosomiasis mansoni is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Contigli
- Departamento Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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7
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Contigli C, Carmo SA, Goes AM. Characterization of Schistosoma mansoni specific human T-T hybrids. Hybridoma (Larchmt) 1998; 17:421-9. [PMID: 9873987 DOI: 10.1089/hyb.1998.17.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we generated antigen-specific T-T hybrids by the fusion of an established T lymphoma, CEM, with T-cell lines derived from Schistosoma mansoni antigen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of schistosomiasis patients. These PBMC were capable of in vitro proliferation and granuloma formation upon proper stimulation with antigens derived from different phases of S. mansoni development. Culture supernatants collected from T-T hybrids were responsible for the stimulation or inhibition of antigen-specific responses of other PBMC, on in vitro proliferation and granuloma reaction assays. Clones derived from a T-T hybrid were characterized as CD4+ CD8- HLA-DR- and expressed the cellular markers CD3 and CD25, especially after antigenic stimulation. Their supernatants, as that from the T-T hybrid line, were capable of modulation of in vitro cellular responses, and IL-2, IL-10, and TNF-alpha were detected upon cellular stimulation with antigen or phytohemagglutinin-A (PHA).
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Affiliation(s)
- C Contigli
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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8
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Chen Y, Boros DL. Identification of the Immunodominant T Cell Epitope of p38, a Major Egg Antigen, and Characterization of the Epitope-Specific Th Responsiveness During Murine Schistosomiasis Mansoni. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 1998. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.160.11.5420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
A recently cloned major Schistosoma mansoni egg Ag p38 induced and elicited strong Th1-type responsiveness in mice of H-2k haplotype. Now, we have identified the immunodominant T cell epitope of p38 and analyzed the dynamics of epitope-specific Th responsiveness during murine schistosomiasis mansoni. Overlapping recombinant and synthetic peptides that encompassed the full-length 354 amino acid of p38 were tested for proliferation and cytokine production in peptide- or p38-sensitized mice. The immunodominant T cell epitope of p38 that elicited pulmonary granuloma formation was localized within peptide P4 (amino acids 235–249). The P4-specific cytokine response of splenocytes that had been sensitized s.c. with p38, P4 or soluble egg Ags in IFA, or i.p. with 3000 eggs was predominantly as the Th1 type, with strong IL-2 and IFN-γ, but trace amounts of IL-4 and IL-5 secretion. At 6.5 wk of infection, splenocytes and mesenteric lymph node cells responded to p38/P4 peptides with predominantly Th1-type responsiveness. This response did not switch to a Th2-type pattern from 8 wk onwards; rather, it underwent down-modulation. Moreover, the hepatic granuloma lymphocytes at 6.5 wk responded to p38/P4 predominantly with Th1-type cytokine production, indicating that they participate in early granuloma formation. From 8 wk onwards an immune deviation to the p38-specific response was observed that was manifested by rising IgG1, IgE, and IgG2a Ab production as opposed to declining Th1- and Th2-type cytokine secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiguang Chen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201
| | - Dov L. Boros
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201
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9
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Silva-Teixeira DN, Contigli C, Goes AM. Cytokine profile associated to effector functions of human T cell clones specific for Schistosoma mansoni antigens. Hum Immunol 1998; 59:219-24. [PMID: 9568797 DOI: 10.1016/s0198-8859(98)00012-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
T cell lines and clones specific for Schistosoma mansoni antigens were established to study cellular immunity in human schistosomiasis. Flow cytometric analysis of the clones demonstrated that all of them were of the helper inducer T cell subset (CD3+, CD4+, CD8-), and expressed the alphabeta T cell receptor, besides the IL-2 low affinity receptor CD25. Lymphokine analysis revealed that clones presented Th1, Th2, or either Th0 patterns of secretion. More interestingly, the capability of clones to induce in vitro granuloma reactions seems to be related to the presence of TNF-alpha and the absence of IL-10. In counterpart, IL-10 producer clones did not help in vitro granuloma formation, even in the presence of TNF-alpha.
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Affiliation(s)
- D N Silva-Teixeira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Inst. Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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10
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Hirsch C, Almeida CA, Doughty BL, Goes AM. Characterization of Schistosoma mansoni 44.7/56.8 kDa egg antigens recognized by human monoclonal antibodies which induce protection against experimental infection and proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from schistosomiasis patients. Vaccine 1997; 15:948-54. [PMID: 9261940 DOI: 10.1016/s0264-410x(96)00305-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We described here the characterization of Schistosoma mansoni egg antigens recognized by human monoclonal antibodies B10 (HmAb-B10) and D5 (HmAb-D5). SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis revealed that these monoclonals recognized two antigens of M W 44.7/56.8 kDa, with pI of 7.0 and 7.8, respectively. The passive transfer of B10 and D5 induced a significant protection of 48% and 54% in Balbic mice. Results of in vitro cytotoxicity assay showed that both monoclonals were able to kill schistosomula in the presence of rabbit complement. These monoclonals mediated 48% and 74% of schistosomula cytotoxicity, respectively. Egg antigens were purified by affinity chromatography using monoclonal antibodies B10 and D5. Treatment of purified antigens with periodate, galactose oxidase and trifluoromethane sulphonic acid did not prevent binding by B10 and D5 in ELISA assay. However, the treatment with protease K and 2-mercaptoethanol affects the antibodies binding, showing that the HmAbs B10 and D5 recognize polypeptide epitopes. Vaccination of mice with these antigens in Freund's adjuvant induced 43% reduction in worms burden after challenge with S. mansoni cercariae. In vitro blastogenesis assays with peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients infected with S. mansoni revealed that purified antigens were able to induce significant cell proliferation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Helminth/chemistry
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antibody Affinity
- Antibody Specificity
- Antigens, Helminth/administration & dosage
- Antigens, Helminth/immunology
- Antigens, Helminth/isolation & purification
- Blotting, Western
- Brazil
- Cells, Cultured
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
- Epitope Mapping
- Female
- Humans
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/parasitology
- Lymphocyte Activation
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Molecular Weight
- Rabbits
- Schistosoma mansoni/classification
- Schistosoma mansoni/growth & development
- Schistosoma mansoni/immunology
- Schistosomiasis mansoni/etiology
- Schistosomiasis mansoni/immunology
- Schistosomiasis mansoni/prevention & control
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Affiliation(s)
- C Hirsch
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de MinasGerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Hirsch C, Goes AM. Characterization of fractionated Schistosoma mansoni soluble adult worm antigens that elicit human cell proliferation and granuloma formation in vitro. Parasitology 1996; 112 ( Pt 6):529-35. [PMID: 8684827 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182000066105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Soluble adult worm antigens (SWAP) of Schistosoma mansoni were fractionated by fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) system, using Q-Sepharose anion-exchange resin, in order to characterize antigenic fractions that may elicit cell responses in human schistosomiasis. SWAP fractions were eluted by 20 nM Tris-HCl solution (pH 9.6) with an increasing gradient of 1 M NaCl. The FPLC system was able to resolve 6 fractions, enumerated I to VI, according to the NaCl gradient. The analysis of each fraction on SDS-PAGE showed that fractions I to IV were constituted by multiple protein bands with M, ranging from 21 to > 200 kDa. Large amounts of nucleic acids were evidenced in fractions V and VI, as revealed by ethidium bromide staining of agarose electrophoresis gels. Using ELISA, it was shown that sera from chronic schistosomiasis patients contained antibodies that recognized antigens in practically all fractions. Studies were designed to investigate the capacity of these fractions to induce cell proliferation and granuloma formation. It was demonstrated that fraction III stimulated significant proliferative response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from chronic schistosomiasis patients. However, fraction III coupled to polyacrylamide beads induced small granuloma formation in vitro, whereas beads coated with fractions I, II and V were able to induce significant granuloma reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Hirsch
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Immunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
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