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Nguyen-Quang T, Bui-Quang M, Truong-Ngoc M. Rapid Identification of Geographical Origin of Commercial Soybean Marketed in Vietnam by ICP-MS. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2021; 2021:5583860. [PMID: 34751237 PMCID: PMC8572128 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5583860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analytical method was used to determine the content of 40 elements in 38 soybean samples (Glycine Max) from 4 countries. Multivariate statistical methods, such as principal components analysis (PCA), were performed to analyze the obtained data to establish the provenance of the soybeans. Although soybean is widely marketed in many countries, no universal method is used to discriminate the origin of these cereals. Our study introduced the initial step to the identification of the geographical origin of commercial soybean marketed in Vietnam. The analysis pointed out that there are significant differences in the mean of 33 of the 40 analyzed elements among 4 countries' soybean samples, namely, 11B, 27Al, 44Ca, 45Sc, 47Ti, 55Mn, 56Fe, 59Co, 60Ni, 63Cu, 66Zn, 69Ga, 75As, 78Se, 85Rb, 88Sr, 89Y, 90Zr, 93Nb, 95Mo, 103Rh, 137Ba, 163Dy, 165Ho, 175Lu, 178Hf, 181Ta, 182W, 185Re, 197Au, 202Hg, 205Tl, and 208Pb. The PCA analysis showed that the soybean samples can be classified correctly according to their original locations. This research can be used as a prerequisite for future studies of using the combination of elemental composition analysis with statistical classification methods for an accurate provenance establishment of soybean, which determined a variation of key markers for the original discrimination of soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trung Nguyen-Quang
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Center for Research and Technology Transfer (CRETECH), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, 100000 Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Minh Bui-Quang
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Center for Research and Technology Transfer (CRETECH), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, 100000 Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Minh Truong-Ngoc
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Center for Research and Technology Transfer (CRETECH), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, 100000 Hanoi, Vietnam
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Graduate University of Science and Technology (GUST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, 100000 Hanoi, Vietnam
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Đurđić S, Stanković V, Ražić S, Mutić J. Is a Lead Isotope Ratios in Wine Good Marker for Origin Assessment? Front Chem 2021; 9:746695. [PMID: 34671591 PMCID: PMC8521031 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.746695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lead isotope ratio pattern (206Pb/207Pb, 208Pb/206Pb, 206Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb, and 208Pb/204Pb) was analyzed in 59 samples of Serbian wine, from four geographical regions. By utilization of powerful inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-QMS), lead isotope ratios were used as unique "fingerprint", when combined with multivariate methods of analysis (Principal Component Analysis), provided information on the geographical origin of wine. In validation of ICP- QMS method and quantitative analysis, the certified reference material NIST SRM 981 was employed to test the mass-bias correction and thallium isotopes 203Tl and 205Tl (NIST SRM 997) as an internal standard. The obtained results were discussed in correlation with the corresponding values of LIRs of different European and Australian wines. In addition, the impact of anthropogenic Pb from different sources on the total Pb isotopic composition in Serbian wines was analyzed too. On the other side, the obtained values of Pb content were compared with the applicable health safety standards, according to the International Code of Oenological Practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slađana Đurđić
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Stanković
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slavica Ražić
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Mutić
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Cellier R, Berail S, Barre J, Epova E, Claverie F, Ronzani AL, Milcent S, Ors P, Donard OFX. Analytical strategies for Sr and Pb isotopic signatures by MC-ICP-MS applied to the authentication of Champagne and other sparkling wines. Talanta 2021; 234:122433. [PMID: 34364413 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Wine is one of the most counterfeit product and therefore, requires certifying of its origin and provenance. For authentication purposes, analytical strategies for the determination of Sr and Pb isotopic ratios were adapted for Champagne and sparkling wines. All analytical steps have been carefully adapted and optimized regarding sample preparation, mineralization, and purification by resins as well as isotopic composition measurements on 3 different MC ICP-MS instruments. Further, a global approach using an "in-house" reference material of Champagne (ChRM) was realized and used throughout as well as routine analytical conditions to guaranty samples isotopic quality determination over 3 years. These developments allowed to select the best conditions at all steps for reaching the best precision and accuracy to be used under routine conditions for samples origin discrimination. The best condition of mineralization was obtained with a hot block system allowing both efficiency in digestion and high sample throughput. Detailed conditions of purification for both Sr and Pb isotopes were also optimized and discussed. These different optimization steps on the whole analytical chain allowed to estimate a global precision suitable to be used routinely to discriminate the origin of different Champagne samples. For Sr isotopic analysis (87Sr/86Sr), the overall external precision based on preparation replicates of ChRM was 2σ = 0.000024 (n = 36) and for the Pb isotopes analysis (208Pb/206Pb), the precision obtained on ChRM was 2σ = 0.0024 (n = 15). Finally, we have applied these developments by combining both Sr and Pb isotopic ratios in order to discriminate the origin of sparkling wines from around the world. The combined isotopic signature, using both Sr and Pb isotopes ratios, permitted a clear discrimination between certified Champagne wines and other European and Non-European sparkling wines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Cellier
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physicochimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux, UMR CNRS 5254, Hélioparc, 2 Avenue P. Angot, 64053, Pau, France; MHCS, 20 Avenue de Champagne, 51200, Epernay, France
| | - Sylvain Berail
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physicochimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux, UMR CNRS 5254, Hélioparc, 2 Avenue P. Angot, 64053, Pau, France
| | - Julien Barre
- Advanced Isotopic Analysis, Hélioparc, 2 Avenue P. Angot, 64053, Pau, France
| | - Ekaterina Epova
- Advanced Isotopic Analysis, Hélioparc, 2 Avenue P. Angot, 64053, Pau, France
| | - Fanny Claverie
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physicochimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux, UMR CNRS 5254, Hélioparc, 2 Avenue P. Angot, 64053, Pau, France
| | - Anne-Laure Ronzani
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physicochimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux, UMR CNRS 5254, Hélioparc, 2 Avenue P. Angot, 64053, Pau, France
| | | | - Patrick Ors
- MHCS, 20 Avenue de Champagne, 51200, Epernay, France
| | - Olivier F X Donard
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physicochimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux, UMR CNRS 5254, Hélioparc, 2 Avenue P. Angot, 64053, Pau, France; Advanced Isotopic Analysis, Hélioparc, 2 Avenue P. Angot, 64053, Pau, France.
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Flegal AR, Odigie KO. Distinguishing between Natural and Industrial Lead in Consumer Products and Other Environmental Matrices. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:12810-12819. [PMID: 32078325 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
California's Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986 (Proposition 65) was designed to protect the state's populace from exposures to toxic levels of chemicals in consumer products, including foods, by requiring businesses to warn the public about any of those hazards. There is, however, one qualification in the legislation, which is that warnings are not required if the source of that contamination is natural, as opposed to industrial. That qualification is especially problematic for lead because "natural" and "industrial" lead have a common origin and behave the same in the environment and industrial lead contamination has been pandemic for millennia. As a result of that historic and ongoing contamination, ambient lead levels in the biosphere may be orders of magnitude above natural levels, limiting comparisons of "natural" versus "industrial" lead concentrations in products. Further complicating those comparisons are reports of erroneously high measurements of lead concentrations in the biosphere as a result of sample contamination during collection, storage, and analysis. Some of those problems may be addressed with measurements of lead concentrations using rigorous trace metal clean techniques. These techniques often yield lead concentrations that are below the Act's maximum exposure in foods and non-foods of 0.5 μg/day, eliminating the need for a public alert. Those techniques have also been used to derive natural lead concentrations in a few organisms (marine fish, humans, rats, and dandelions), which range from 2- to 100-fold below ambient levels. However, extrapolating from those few determinations to establish natural lead levels in other organisms is complicated and often inappropriate. Complementary stable lead isotopic composition measurements have also been used to estimate the percent of natural and industrial lead in some consumer products, including foods, wine, and dietary supplements. These measurements, however, require the isotopic compositions of both the "natural" and "industrial" lead end members, which may be poorly defined. In addition, the global market has further complicated identification of the "industrial" lead end member, because lead contamination of foods can occur during production, harvesting, storage, shipping, processing, and packaging, which can happen in different locales within a country, different countries, and even different continents.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Russell Flegal
- Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 96064, United States
| | - Kingsley O Odigie
- Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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Epova EN, Bérail S, Séby F, Barre JP, Vacchina V, Médina B, Sarthou L, Donard OF. Potential of lead elemental and isotopic signatures for authenticity and geographical origin of Bordeaux wines. Food Chem 2020; 303:125277. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kaya AD, Bruno de Sousa R, Curvelo-Garcia AS, Ricardo-da-Silva JM, Catarino S. Effect of Wood Aging on Wine Mineral Composition and 87Sr/ 86Sr Isotopic Ratio. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:4766-4776. [PMID: 28530825 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b01510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of mineral composition and wine strontium isotopic ratio 87Sr/86Sr (Sr IR) during wood aging were investigated. A red wine was aged in stainless steel tanks with French oak staves (Quercus sessiliflora Salisb.), with three industrial scale replicates. Sampling was carried out after 30, 60, and 90 days of aging, and the wines were evaluated in terms of general analysis, phenolic composition, total polysaccharides, multielement composition, and Sr IR. Li, Be, Mg, Al, Sc, Ti, V, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Mo, Sb, Cs, Ba, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Dy, Ho, Er, Yb, Lu, Tl, and Pb elements and 87Sr/86Sr were determined by quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (Q-ICP-MS) and Na, K, Ca, and Fe by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Two-way ANOVA was applied to assess wood aging and time effect on Sr IR and mineral composition. Wood aging resulted in significantly higher concentrations of Mg, V, Co, Ni, and Sr. At the end of the aging period, wine exhibited statistically identical Sr IR compared to control. Study suggests that wood aging does not affect 87Sr/86Sr, not precluding the use of this parameter for wine traceability purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse D Kaya
- LEAF, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa , Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Raúl Bruno de Sousa
- LEAF, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa , Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Jorge M Ricardo-da-Silva
- LEAF, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa , Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sofia Catarino
- LEAF, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa , Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária , 2565-191 Dois Portos, Portugal
- CEFEMA, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa , Avenida Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
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7
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Gulson B. Discussion: Tracing changes in atmospheric sources of lead contamination using lead isotopic compositions in Australian red wine Chemosphere (2016) 154, 40-47. Authors Kristensen LJ, Taylor MP, Evans AJ. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 165:575-578. [PMID: 27457500 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B Gulson
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia; CSIRO Energy, North Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia.
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8
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Kristensen LJ, Taylor MP, Evans AJ. Tracing changes in atmospheric sources of lead contamination using lead isotopic compositions in Australian red wine. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 154:40-47. [PMID: 27037773 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Air quality data detailing changes to atmospheric composition from Australia's leaded petrol consumption is spatially and temporally limited. In order to address this data gap, wine was investigated as a potential proxy for atmospheric lead conditions. Wine spanning sixty years was collected from two wine regions proximal to the South Australian capital city, Adelaide, and analysed for lead concentration and lead and strontium isotopic composition for source apportionment. Maximum wine lead concentrations (328 μg/L) occur prior to the lead-in-air monitoring in South Australia in the later 1970s. Wine lead concentrations mirror available lead-in-air measurements and show a declining trend reflecting parallel reductions in leaded petrol emissions. Lead from petrol dominated the lead in wine ((206)Pb/(207)Pb: 1.086; (208)Pb/(207)Pb: 2.360) until the introduction of unleaded petrol, which resulted in a shift in the wine lead isotopic composition closer to vineyard soil ((206)Pb/(207)Pb: 1.137; (208)Pb/(207)Pb: 2.421). Current mining activities or vinification processes appear to have no impact with recent wine samples containing less than 4 μg/L of lead. This study demonstrates wine can be used to chronicle changes in environmental lead emissions and is an effective proxy for atmospherically sourced depositions of lead in the absence of air quality data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Jane Kristensen
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia.
| | - Mark Patrick Taylor
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia; Macquarie University Energy and Environmental Contaminants Research Centre, Sydney, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Andrew James Evans
- National Measurement Institute, Department of Industry, Innovation and Science, 105 Delhi Road, North Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia
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9
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Pflaum T, Hausler T, Baumung C, Ackermann S, Kuballa T, Rehm J, Lachenmeier DW. Carcinogenic compounds in alcoholic beverages: an update. Arch Toxicol 2016; 90:2349-67. [PMID: 27353523 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1770-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The consumption of alcoholic beverages has been classified as carcinogenic to humans by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) since 1988. More recently, in 2010, ethanol as the major constituent of alcoholic beverages and its metabolite acetaldehyde were also classified as carcinogenic to humans. Alcoholic beverages as multi-component mixtures may additionally contain further known or suspected human carcinogens as constituent or contaminant. This review will discuss the occurrence and toxicology of eighteen carcinogenic compounds (acetaldehyde, acrylamide, aflatoxins, arsenic, benzene, cadmium, ethanol, ethyl carbamate, formaldehyde, furan, glyphosate, lead, 3-MCPD, 4-methylimidazole, N-nitrosodimethylamine, pulegone, ochratoxin A, safrole) occurring in alcoholic beverages as identified based on monograph reviews by the IARC. For most of the compounds of alcoholic beverages, quantitative risk assessment provided evidence for only a very low risk (such as margins of exposure above 10,000). The highest risk was found for ethanol, which may reach exposures in ranges known to increase the cancer risk even at moderate drinking (margin of exposure around 1). Other constituents that could pose a risk to the drinker were inorganic lead, arsenic, acetaldehyde, cadmium and ethyl carbamate, for most of which mitigation by good manufacturing practices is possible. Nevertheless, due to the major effect of ethanol, the cancer burden due to alcohol consumption can only be reduced by reducing alcohol consumption in general or by lowering the alcoholic strength of beverages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabea Pflaum
- Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt (CVUA) Karlsruhe, Weissenburger Strasse 3, 76187, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Thomas Hausler
- Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt (CVUA) Karlsruhe, Weissenburger Strasse 3, 76187, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Claudia Baumung
- Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt (CVUA) Karlsruhe, Weissenburger Strasse 3, 76187, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Svenja Ackermann
- Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt (CVUA) Karlsruhe, Weissenburger Strasse 3, 76187, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Thomas Kuballa
- Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt (CVUA) Karlsruhe, Weissenburger Strasse 3, 76187, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jürgen Rehm
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 33 Russell Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada.,Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, CAMH, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science (IMS), University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Room 2374, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, 8th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 6th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada.,Institute for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, TU Dresden, Chemnitzer Str. 46, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dirk W Lachenmeier
- Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt (CVUA) Karlsruhe, Weissenburger Strasse 3, 76187, Karlsruhe, Germany. .,Institute for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, TU Dresden, Chemnitzer Str. 46, 01187, Dresden, Germany.
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Illuminati S, Annibaldi A, Truzzi C, Scarponi G. Recent temporal variations of trace metal content in an Italian white wine. Food Chem 2014; 159:493-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Corona T, Iglesias M, Anticó E. Migration of components from cork stoppers to food: challenges in determining inorganic elements in food simulants. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:5690-5698. [PMID: 24861000 DOI: 10.1021/jf500170w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The inorganic elements potentially migrating from cork to a food simulant [a hydroalcoholic solution containing 12 and 20% (v/v) ethanol] have been determined by means of inductively coupled plasma (ICP) with atomic emission and mass spectrometric detection. The experimental instrumental conditions were evaluated in depth, taking into account spectroscopic and nonspectroscopic interference caused by the presence of ethanol and other components in the sample. We report concentrations ranging from 4 μg kg(-1) for Cd to 28000 μg kg(-1) for Al in the food simulant (concentrations given in kilograms of cork). The values found for Ba, Mn, Fe, Cu, and Zn have been compared with the guideline values stated in EU Regulation 10/2011. In all cases, cork met the general safety criteria applicable to food contact material. Finally, we have proposed water as an alternative to the hydroalcoholic solution to simplify quantification of the tested elements using ICP techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Corona
- Department of Chemistry, University of Girona , 17071 Girona, Spain
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12
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Illuminati S, Annibaldi A, Truzzi C, Finale C, Scarponi G. Square-wave anodic-stripping voltammetric determination of Cd, Pb and Cu in wine: Set-up and optimization of sample pre-treatment and instrumental parameters. Electrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Ndung'u K, Hibdon S, Véron A, Flegal AR. Lead isotopes reveal different sources of lead in balsamic and other vinegars. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2011; 409:2754-2760. [PMID: 21550100 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2011] [Revised: 04/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/01/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Fifty-eight brands of balsamic vinegars were analyzed for lead concentrations and isotopic compositions ((204)Pb, (206)Pb, (207)Pb, and (208)Pb) to test the findings of a previous study indicating relatively high levels of lead contamination in some of those vinegars--more than two thirds (70%) of them exceeded California's State Maximum Level (34 μg/L) based on consumption rates ≥0.5 μg Pb per day. The lead isotopic fingerprints of all those vinegars with high lead concentrations were then found to be primarily anthropogenic. This isotopic analysis unquestionably reveals multiple contamination sources including atmospheric pollutant Pb and an unidentified contamination source, likely occurring after grape harvest. Organically grown grape vinegars display the same Pb content and isotopic signatures as other vinegars. This implies that pesticides might not be a significant source of pollutant Pb in vinegars. A significant post-harvest contamination would be inherited from chemicals added during production and/or material used during transport, processing or storage of these vinegars. This is consistent with the highest Pb levels being found in aged vinegars (112±112 μg/L) in contrast to other vinegars (41.6±28.9 μg/L) suggesting contamination during storage. It is, therefore, projected that lead levels in most vinegars, especially aged balsamic and wine vinegars, will decrease with improvements in their manufacture and storage processes consequential to recent concerns of elevated levels of lead in some vinegars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuria Ndung'u
- Department of Applied Environmental Science (ITM), Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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15
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Huang ZY, Yang CY, Zhuang ZX, Wang XR, Lee FS. Determination of trace lead in the high salt matrix of comestible CaCO3 by an isotope dilution method with detection by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2003.11.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Kim M. Determination of lead and cadmium in wines by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 21:154-7. [PMID: 14754637 DOI: 10.1080/02652030310001642762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) content of various wines on the Korean market were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry using Zeeman background correction and peak area mode. All wine samples were microwave-digested in concentrated HNO(3). Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium nitrate were used as matrix modifiers for both Pb and Cd analyses. The mean Pb content of the wines was about 29 microg l(-1) ranging from 5 to 87 microg l(-1). Also, the means of Cd were about 0.5 microg l(-1) ranging from < 0.1 to 3.0 microg l(-1). The mean recoveries of Pb and Cd were 92.8 and 101.3% and their analytical detection limits were 1.0 and 0.1 microg l(-1), respectively. Sixty brands of wine were classified into red and white, but no statistically significant difference in Pb and Cd content was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meehye Kim
- Department of Food Evaluation, Korea Food and Drug Administration, 5 Nokbun-dong, Seoul, 122-704 Korea.
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17
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Almeida CMR, Vasconcelos MTSD. Lead contamination in Portuguese red wines from the Douro region: from the vineyard to the final product. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2003; 51:3012-3023. [PMID: 12720385 DOI: 10.1021/jf0259664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
To quantify lead contamination in wines and to try to identify major lead sources, two winemaking processes were followed during one annual cycle of wine production. Two vineyards from the Douro Portuguese region and two types of wine, one red table wine, which has been produced in a very modern winery, and one red fortified wine (similar to Port), which has been produced by a traditional vinification process, were selected for this study. Aerosols from the vineyards atmosphere, vineyard soil, vine leaves, grapes, and samples from the intermediary and final wine product were collected. Suitable pretreatments, namely, high-pressure microwave assisted digestion (soil, leaves, and grapes) and UV-irradiation (grape juices and samples from the different steps of the vinification processes), were used. The samples were analyzed in terms of lead total concentration and respective isotope ratios by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and atomic absorption spectrophotometry with electrothermal atomization. It was observed that the major sources of lead were in the vinification system, the more traditional one introducing more lead than the modern one. For the fortified wine, the lead concentration increased from 4.7 microg L(-1), in the grape juice, to 17.2 microg L(-1), in the final product, while for the table wine the increase was from 4.1 to 13.1 microg L(-)(1). Therefore, only about 1/4 (fortified wine) and 1/3 (table wine) of the lead total content of the final products came from soil and atmospheric deposition. Therefore, it is expected that marked reductions of the lead content in the wines would occur if the sources of lead were removed from the tubes and containers used in the vinification system, particularly by using welding alloys and small fittings free of lead. The lead levels in the vine leaves (global mean of 0.43 microg g(dry leave)(-1)) and grapes (global mean of 35 ng g(dry grape)(-1)) were similar in both vineyards.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Marisa R Almeida
- LAQUIPAI, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, P4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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Multielement Determination and Lead Isotope Ratio Measurement in Alcoholic Beverages by High–Resolution Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. J Food Compost Anal 1999. [DOI: 10.1006/jfca.1999.0830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Deboudt K, Flament P, Weis D, Mennessier JP, Maquinghen P. Assessment of pollution aerosols sources above the Straits of Dover using lead isotope geochemistry. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 1999; 236:57-74. [PMID: 10535144 DOI: 10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00286-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
We assess the capability of lead isotopes to study the transport of pollution aerosols above the Straits of Dover by collecting atmospheric aerosols above the Eastern Channel and the Southern Bight of the North Sea. During the same period, we characterized the lead isotopic signature of the main industrial sources on the French coast near the Straits of Dover. Urban and automobile-derived aerosols were also collected. Due to the phasing out of lead in gasoline, the urban isotopic composition (206Pb/207Pb = 1.158 +/- 0.003) has become more radiogenic, although it is highly variable. On a regional scale, major industrial emissions have a well-defined isotopic composition (1.13 < 206Pb/207Pb < 1.22), more radiogenic than the petrol-lead signature (1.06 < 206Pb/207Pb < 1.12). These results together with those measured near the main coastal highway show that the automobile source has become a minor component of particulate lead in air. On a local scale, Dunkerque, the most urbanized and industrialized area along the Straits of Dover, may transiently control elevated lead concentrations. Except for the occurrence of local and regional range transport episodes, lead concentrations in the Straits of Dover can be related to remote or semi-remote pollution source emissions. Combining air mass retrospective trajectories and related lead abundances and isotopic compositions, it can be shown that lead aerosols originating from eastern Europe have an isotopic signature (1.145 < 206Pb/207Pb < 1.169) different from the isotopic composition of west-European lead aerosols (1.111 < 206Pb/207Pb < 1.142). The influence of remote North American sources is suggested, with caution, due to uncertainties in meteorological calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Deboudt
- Université du Littoral-Côte d'Opale, LISE-ELICO (UPRES-A CNRS 8013), Wimereux, France
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R. Almeida C, S.D. Vasconcelos M. Determination of lead isotope ratios in port wine by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry after pre-treatment by UV-irradiation. Anal Chim Acta 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(99)00356-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Tomera JF. Current knowledge of the health benefits and disadvantages of wine consumption. Trends Food Sci Technol 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-2244(99)00035-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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