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Hey G, Willman M, Patel A, Goutnik M, Willman J, Lucke-Wold B. Stem Cell Scaffolds for the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury-A Review. BIOMECHANICS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 3:322-342. [PMID: 37664542 PMCID: PMC10469078 DOI: 10.3390/biomechanics3030028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a profoundly debilitating yet common central nervous system condition resulting in significant morbidity and mortality rates. Major causes of SCI encompass traumatic incidences such as motor vehicle accidents, falls, and sports injuries. Present treatment strategies for SCI aim to improve and enhance neurologic functionality. The ability for neural stem cells (NSCs) to differentiate into diverse neural and glial cell precursors has stimulated the investigation of stem cell scaffolds as potential therapeutics for SCI. Various scaffolding modalities including composite materials, natural polymers, synthetic polymers, and hydrogels have been explored. However, most trials remain largely in the preclinical stage, emphasizing the need to further develop and refine these treatment strategies before clinical implementation. In this review, we delve into the physiological processes that underpin NSC differentiation, including substrates and signaling pathways required for axonal regrowth post-injury, and provide an overview of current and emerging stem cell scaffolding platforms for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Hey
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Matthew Willman
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Aashay Patel
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Michael Goutnik
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Jonathan Willman
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Brandon Lucke-Wold
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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Fornaro M, Marcus D, Rattin J, Goral J. Dynamic Environmental Physical Cues Activate Mechanosensitive Responses in the Repair Schwann Cell Phenotype. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020425. [PMID: 33671410 PMCID: PMC7922665 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Schwann cells plastically change in response to nerve injury to become a newly reconfigured repair phenotype. This cell is equipped to sense and interact with the evolving and unusual physical conditions characterizing the injured nerve environment and activate intracellular adaptive reprogramming as a consequence of external stimuli. Summarizing the literature contributions on this matter, this review is aimed at highlighting the importance of the environmental cues of the regenerating nerve as key factors to induce morphological and functional changes in the Schwann cell population. We identified four different microenvironments characterized by physical cues the Schwann cells sense via interposition of the extracellular matrix. We discussed how the physical cues of the microenvironment initiate changes in Schwann cell behavior, from wrapping the axon to becoming a multifunctional denervated repair cell and back to reestablishing contact with regenerated axons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Fornaro
- Department of Anatomy, College of Graduate Studies (CGS), Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA;
- Department of Anatomy, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine (CCOM), Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA; (D.M.); (J.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +001-630-515-6055
| | - Dominic Marcus
- Department of Anatomy, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine (CCOM), Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA; (D.M.); (J.R.)
| | - Jacob Rattin
- Department of Anatomy, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine (CCOM), Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA; (D.M.); (J.R.)
| | - Joanna Goral
- Department of Anatomy, College of Graduate Studies (CGS), Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA;
- Department of Anatomy, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine (CCOM), Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA; (D.M.); (J.R.)
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Bonetti L, De Nardo L, Farè S. Thermo-Responsive Methylcellulose Hydrogels: From Design to Applications as Smart Biomaterials. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 27:486-513. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Bonetti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta,” Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi De Nardo
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta,” Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
- INSTM, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Farè
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta,” Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
- INSTM, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Florence, Italy
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Nagai N, Fukuoka Y, Sato K, Otake H, Taga A, Oka M, Hiramatsu N, Yamamoto N. The Intravitreal Injection of Lanosterol Nanoparticles Rescues Lens Structure Collapse at an Early Stage in Shumiya Cataract Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21031048. [PMID: 32033321 PMCID: PMC7036956 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We designed an intravitreal injection formulation containing lanosterol nanoparticles (LAN-NPs) via the bead mill method and evaluated the therapeutic effect of LAN-NPs on lens structure collapse and opacification using two rat cataract models (SCR-N, rats with slight lens structure collapse; SCR-C, rats with the combination of a remarkable lens structure collapse and opacification). The particle size of lanosterol in the LAN-NPs was around 50–400 nm. A single injection of LAN-NPs (0.5%) supplied lanosterol into the lens for 48 h, and no irritation or muddiness was observed following repeated injections of LAN-NPs for 6 weeks (once every 2 days). Moreover, LAN-NPs repaired the slight collapse of the lens structure in SCR-N. Although the remarkable changes in the lens structure of SCR-C were not repaired by LAN-NP, the onset of opacification was delayed. In addition, the increase of cataract-related factors (Ca2+ contents, nitric oxide levels, lipid peroxidation and calpain activity levels) in the lenses of SCR-C was attenuated by the repeated injection of LAN-NPs. It is possible that a deficiency of lanosterol promotes the production of oxidative stress. In conclusion, it is difficult to improve serious structural collapse with posterior movement of the lens nucleus with a supplement of lanosterol via LAN-NPs. However, the intravitreal injection of LAN-NPs was found to repair the space and structural collapse in the early stages in the lenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriaki Nagai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan; (Y.F.); (K.S.); (H.O.); (A.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-6-4307-3638
| | - Yuya Fukuoka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan; (Y.F.); (K.S.); (H.O.); (A.T.)
| | - Kanta Sato
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan; (Y.F.); (K.S.); (H.O.); (A.T.)
| | - Hiroko Otake
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan; (Y.F.); (K.S.); (H.O.); (A.T.)
| | - Atsushi Taga
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan; (Y.F.); (K.S.); (H.O.); (A.T.)
| | - Mikako Oka
- Faculty of pharmacy, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Yokohama, Kanagawa 245-0066, Japan;
| | - Noriko Hiramatsu
- Laboratory of Molecularbiology and Histochemistry, Fujita Health University Institute of Joint Research, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan; (N.H.); (N.Y.)
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Molecularbiology and Histochemistry, Fujita Health University Institute of Joint Research, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan; (N.H.); (N.Y.)
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Madhusudanan P, Raju G, Shankarappa S. Hydrogel systems and their role in neural tissue engineering. J R Soc Interface 2020; 17:20190505. [PMID: 31910776 PMCID: PMC7014813 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2019.0505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural tissue engineering (NTE) is a rapidly progressing field that promises to address several serious neurological conditions that are currently difficult to treat. Selecting the right scaffolding material to promote neural and non-neural cell differentiation as well as axonal growth is essential for the overall design strategy for NTE. Among the varieties of scaffolds, hydrogels have proved to be excellent candidates for culturing and differentiating cells of neural origin. Considering the intrinsic resistance of the nervous system against regeneration, hydrogels have been abundantly used in applications that involve the release of neurotrophic factors, antagonists of neural growth inhibitors and other neural growth-promoting agents. Recent developments in the field include the utilization of encapsulating hydrogels in neural cell therapy for providing localized trophic support and shielding neural cells from immune activity. In this review, we categorize and discuss the various hydrogel-based strategies that have been examined for neural-specific applications and also highlight their strengths and weaknesses. We also discuss future prospects and challenges ahead for the utilization of hydrogels in NTE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sahadev Shankarappa
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682041, India
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Sowa Y, Kishida T, Tomita K, Adachi T, Numajiri T, Mazda O. Involvement of PDGF-BB and IGF-1 in Activation of Human Schwann Cells by Platelet-Rich Plasma. Plast Reconstr Surg 2019; 144:1025e-1036e. [PMID: 31764650 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000006266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet-rich plasma contains high concentrations of growth factors that stimulate proliferation and migration of various cell types. Earlier experiments demonstrated that local platelet-rich plasma administration activates Schwann cells to improve axonal regeneration at a transected peripheral nerve lesion. However, the optimal concentration of human platelet-rich plasma for activation of human Schwann cells has not been determined, and mechanisms by which platelet-rich plasma activates Schwann cells remain to be clarified. METHODS Human Schwann cells were cultured with various concentrations of platelet-rich plasma in 5% fetal bovine serum/Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium. Cell viability, microchemotaxis, flow cytometry, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assays were performed to assess proliferation, migration, cell cycle, and neurotrophic factor expression of the human Schwann cells, respectively. Human Schwann cells were co-cultured with neuronal cells to assess their capacity to induce neurite extension. Neutralizing antibodies for platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were added to the culture to estimate contribution of these cytokines to human Schwann cell stimulation by platelet-rich plasma. RESULTS An addition of platelet-rich plasma at 5% strongly elevated proliferation, migration, and neurotrophic factor production of human Schwann cells. Both PDGF-BB and IGF-1 may be involved in mitogenic effect of platelet-rich plasma on human Schwann cells, and PDGF-BB may also play an important role in the migration-inducing effect of platelet-rich plasma. Neutralization of both PDGF-BB and IGF-1 cancelled the promoting effect of platelet-rich plasma on neurite-inducing activity of human Schwann cells. CONCLUSION This study may suggest the optimal concentration of platelet-rich plasma for human Schwann cell stimulation and potential mechanisms underlying the activation of human Schwann cells by platelet-rich plasma, which may be quite useful for platelet-rich plasma therapy for peripheral nerve regeneration. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic, V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Sowa
- From the Departments of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Immunology, and Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine; and the Department of Plastic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | - Tsunao Kishida
- From the Departments of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Immunology, and Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine; and the Department of Plastic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | - Koichi Tomita
- From the Departments of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Immunology, and Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine; and the Department of Plastic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | - Tetsuya Adachi
- From the Departments of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Immunology, and Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine; and the Department of Plastic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | - Toshiaki Numajiri
- From the Departments of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Immunology, and Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine; and the Department of Plastic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | - Osam Mazda
- From the Departments of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Immunology, and Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine; and the Department of Plastic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
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Houshyar S, Bhattacharyya A, Shanks R. Peripheral Nerve Conduit: Materials and Structures. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:3349-3365. [PMID: 31273975 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) are the most common injury types to affect the nervous system. Restoration of nerve function after PNI is a challenging medical issue. Extended gaps in transected peripheral nerves are only repaired using autologous nerve grafting. This technique, however, in which nerve tissue is harvested from a donor site and grafted onto a recipient site in the same body, has many limitations and disadvantages. Recent studies have revealed artificial nerve conduits as a promising alternative technique to substitute autologous nerves. This Review summarizes different types of artificial nerve grafts used to repair peripheral nerve injuries. These include synthetic and natural polymers with biological factors. Then, desirable properties of nerve guides are discussed based on their functionality and effectiveness. In the final part of this Review, fabrication methods and commercially available nerve guides are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Houshyar
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Amitava Bhattacharyya
- Nanoscience and Technology, Department of Electronics and Communication, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore − 641004, India
| | - Robert Shanks
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
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Liu Y, Yu S, Gu X, Cao R, Cui S. Tissue-engineered nerve grafts using a scaffold-independent and injectable drug delivery system: a novel design with translational advantages. J Neural Eng 2019; 16:036030. [PMID: 30965290 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ab17a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Currently commercially available nerve conduits have demonstrated suboptimal clinical efficacy in repairing peripheral nerve defects. Although tissue-engineered nerve grafts (TENGs) with sustained release of neurotrophic factors (NTFs) are experimentally proved to be more effective than these blank conduits, there remains a lack of clinical translation. NTFs are typically immobilized onto scaffold materials of the conduit via adsorption, specific binding or other incorporation techniques. These scaffold-based delivery strategies increase complexity and cost of conduit fabrication and lack flexibility in choosing different drugs. Therefore, to facilitate clinical translation and commercialization, we construct a TENG using a scaffold-independent drug delivery system (DDS). APPROACH This study adopted a scaffold-independent DDS based on methoxy-poly (ethylene glycol)-b-poly(γ-ethyl-L-glutamate) (mPEG-PELG) thermosensitive hydrogels that undergo sol-to-gel transition at body temperature. In addition, TENG, a chitosan scaffold filled with nerve growth factor (NGF)-loaded mPEG-PELG that gel in the lumen upon injection during surgery and function as a drug-releasing conduit-filler, was designed. Subsequently, the efficacy of DDS and therapeutic effects of TENG were assessed. MAIN RESULTS The results demonstrated that NGF-loaded mPEG-PELG controllably and sustainably released bioactive NGF for 28 d. When bridging a 10 mm rat sciatic nerve gap, the morphological, electrophysiological, and functional analyses revealed that NGF-releasing TENG (Scaffold + NGF/mPEG-PELG) achieved superior regenerative outcomes compared to plain scaffolds and those combined with systemic delivery of NGF (daily intramuscular injection (IM)), and its effects were relatively similar to autografts. SIGNIFICANCE This study has proposed a TENG using thermosensitive hydrogels as an injectable implant to controllably release NGF, which has promising therapeutic potential and translatability. Such TENGs obviate the need for conduit modification, complex preloading or binding mediators, therefore they allow the ease of drug switching in clinical practice and greatly simplify the manufacturing process due to the independent preparation of drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxi Liu
- Department of Hand Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
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Sorushanova A, Delgado LM, Wu Z, Shologu N, Kshirsagar A, Raghunath R, Mullen AM, Bayon Y, Pandit A, Raghunath M, Zeugolis DI. The Collagen Suprafamily: From Biosynthesis to Advanced Biomaterial Development. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1801651. [PMID: 30126066 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201801651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 465] [Impact Index Per Article: 93.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Collagen is the oldest and most abundant extracellular matrix protein that has found many applications in food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries. First, an overview of the family of collagens and their respective structures, conformation, and biosynthesis is provided. The advances and shortfalls of various collagen preparations (e.g., mammalian/marine extracted collagen, cell-produced collagens, recombinant collagens, and collagen-like peptides) and crosslinking technologies (e.g., chemical, physical, and biological) are then critically discussed. Subsequently, an array of structural, thermal, mechanical, biochemical, and biological assays is examined, which are developed to analyze and characterize collagenous structures. Lastly, a comprehensive review is provided on how advances in engineering, chemistry, and biology have enabled the development of bioactive, 3D structures (e.g., tissue grafts, biomaterials, cell-assembled tissue equivalents) that closely imitate native supramolecular assemblies and have the capacity to deliver in a localized and sustained manner viable cell populations and/or bioactive/therapeutic molecules. Clearly, collagens have a long history in both evolution and biotechnology and continue to offer both challenges and exciting opportunities in regenerative medicine as nature's biomaterial of choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sorushanova
- Regenerative, Modular and Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - Luis M Delgado
- Regenerative, Modular and Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - Zhuning Wu
- Regenerative, Modular and Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - Naledi Shologu
- Regenerative, Modular and Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - Aniket Kshirsagar
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - Rufus Raghunath
- Centre for Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Competence Centre Tissue Engineering for Drug Development (TEDD), Department Life Sciences and Facility Management, Institute for Chemistry and Biotechnology (ICBT), Zürich University of Applied Sciences, Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | | | - Yves Bayon
- Sofradim Production-A Medtronic Company, Trevoux, France
| | - Abhay Pandit
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - Michael Raghunath
- Centre for Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Competence Centre Tissue Engineering for Drug Development (TEDD), Department Life Sciences and Facility Management, Institute for Chemistry and Biotechnology (ICBT), Zürich University of Applied Sciences, Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Dimitrios I Zeugolis
- Regenerative, Modular and Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
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Sarker M, Naghieh S, McInnes AD, Schreyer DJ, Chen X. Regeneration of peripheral nerves by nerve guidance conduits: Influence of design, biopolymers, cells, growth factors, and physical stimuli. Prog Neurobiol 2018; 171:125-150. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Altomare L, Bonetti L, Campiglio CE, De Nardo L, Draghi L, Tana F, Farè S. Biopolymer-based strategies in the design of smart medical devices and artificial organs. Int J Artif Organs 2018; 41:337-359. [PMID: 29614899 PMCID: PMC6159845 DOI: 10.1177/0391398818765323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Advances in regenerative medicine and in modern biomedical therapies are fast evolving and set goals causing an upheaval in the field of materials science. This review discusses recent developments involving the use of biopolymers as smart materials, in terms of material properties and stimulus-responsive behavior, in the presence of environmental physico-chemical changes. An overview on the transformations that can be triggered in natural-based polymeric systems (sol-gel transition, polymer relaxation, cross-linking, and swelling) is presented, with specific focus on the benefits these materials can provide in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Altomare
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta,” Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Firenze, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Bonetti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta,” Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Firenze, Italy
| | - Chiara E Campiglio
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta,” Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Firenze, Italy
| | - Luigi De Nardo
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta,” Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Firenze, Italy
| | - Lorenza Draghi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta,” Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesca Tana
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta,” Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Firenze, Italy
| | - Silvia Farè
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta,” Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Firenze, Italy
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Koss KM, Churchward MA, Jeffery AF, Mushahwar VK, Elias AL, Todd KG. Improved 3D Hydrogel Cultures of Primary Glial Cells for In Vitro Modelling of Neuroinflammation. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 29286415 DOI: 10.3791/56615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the central nervous system, numerous acute injuries and neurodegenerative disorders, as well as implanted devices or biomaterials engineered to enhance function result in the same outcome: excess inflammation leads to gliosis, cytotoxicity, and/or formation of a glial scar that collectively exacerbate injury or prevent healthy recovery. With the intent of creating a system to model glial scar formation and study inflammatory processes, we have generated a 3D cell scaffold capable of housing primary cultured glial cells: microglia that regulate the foreign body response and initiate the inflammatory event, astrocytes that respond to form a fibrous scar, and oligodendrocytes that are typically vulnerable to inflammatory injury. The present work provides a detailed step-by-step method for the fabrication, culture, and microscopic characterization of a hyaluronic acid-based 3D hydrogel scaffold with encapsulated rat brain-derived glial cells. Further, protocols for characterization of cell encapsulation and the hydrogel scaffold by confocal immunofluorescence and scanning electron microscopy are demonstrated, as well as the capacity to modify the scaffold with bioactive substrates, with incorporation of a commercial basal lamina mixture to improved cell integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle M Koss
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta; Alberta Innovates-Health Solutions Interdisciplinary Team in Smart Neural Prostheses (Project SMART), University of Alberta
| | - Matthew A Churchward
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta; Alberta Innovates-Health Solutions Interdisciplinary Team in Smart Neural Prostheses (Project SMART), University of Alberta
| | - Andrea F Jeffery
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta
| | - Vivian K Mushahwar
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta; Alberta Innovates-Health Solutions Interdisciplinary Team in Smart Neural Prostheses (Project SMART), University of Alberta; Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Alberta
| | - Anastasia L Elias
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta
| | - Kathryn G Todd
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta; Alberta Innovates-Health Solutions Interdisciplinary Team in Smart Neural Prostheses (Project SMART), University of Alberta; Centre for Neuroscience, University of Alberta;
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Delgado LM, Shologu N, Fuller K, Zeugolis DI. Acetic acid and pepsin result in high yield, high purity and low macrophage response collagen for biomedical applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 12:065009. [PMID: 28767045 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aa838d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Collagen based devices are frequently associated with foreign body response. Although several pre- (e.g. species, state of animal, tissue) and post- (e.g. cross-linking, scaffold architecture) extraction method factors have a profound effect on foreign body response, little is known about which and how during the extraction process factors mediate foreign body response. In this study, we assessed the influence of acetic acid and hydrochloric acid and the utilisation or not of pepsin or salt precipitation during collagen extraction on the yield, purity, free amines, denaturation temperature, resistance to collagenase degradation and macrophage response. Acetic acid/pepsin extracted collagen exhibited the highest yield, purity and free amine content and the lowest denaturation temperature. No differences in resistance to collagenase digestion were detected between the groups. Although all treatments exhibited similar macrophage morphology comprised of round cells (M1 phenotype), elongated cells (M2 phenotype) and cell aggregates (foreign body response), significantly more elongated cells were observed on HC films. Although no differences in metabolic activity were observed between the groups, the DNA concentration was significantly lower for the hydrochloric acid treatments. Further, cytokine analysis revealed that hydrochloric acid treatments induced significantly higher IL-1β and TNF-α release with respect to acetic acid treatments. Salt precipitation did not influence the parameters assessed. Collectively, these data suggest that during the collagen extraction process variables should also be monitored as, evidently, they affect the physicochemical and biological properties of collagen preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis M Delgado
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland. Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
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14
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Tate MC, Shear DA, Hoffman SW, Stein DG, Archer DR, Laplaca MC. Fibronectin Promotes Survival and Migration of Primary Neural Stem Cells Transplanted into the Traumatically Injured Mouse Brain. Cell Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.3727/096020198389933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Multipotential stem cells are an attractive choice for cell therapy after traumatic brain injury (TBI), as replacement of multiple cell types may be required for functional recovery. In the present study, neural stem cells (NSCs) derived from the germinal zone of E14.5 GFP-expressing mouse brains were cultured as neurospheres in FGF2-enhanced medium. When FGF2 was removed in vitro, NSCs expressed phenotypic markers for neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes and exhibited migratory behavior in the presence of adsorbed fibronectin (FN). NSCs (105 cells) were transplanted into mouse brains 1 week after a unilateral, controlled, cortical contusion (depth = 1 mm, velocity = 6 m/s, duration = 150 ms) (n = 19). NSCs were injected either directly into the injury cavity with or without an injectable FN-based scaffold [collagen I (CnI)/ FN gel; n = 14] or into the striatum below the injury cavity (n = 5). At all time points examined (1 week to 3 months posttransplant), GFP+ cells were confined to the ipsilateral host brain tissue. At 1 week, cells injected into the injury cavity lined the injury penumbra while cells inserted directly into the striatum remained in or around the needle track. Striatal transplants had a lower number of surviving GFP+ cells relative to cavity injections at the 1 week time point (p < 0.01). At the longer survival times (3 weeks–3 months), 63–76% of transplanted cells migrated into the fimbria hippocampus regardless of injection site, perhaps due to cues from the degenerating hippocampus. Furthermore, cells injected into the cavity within a FN-containing matrix showed increased survival and migration at 3 weeks (p < 0.05 for both) relative to injections of cells alone. These results suggest that FGF2-responsive NSCs present a promising approach for cellular therapy following trauma and that the transplant location and environment may play an important role in graft survival and integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C. Tate
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | | | - Stuart W. Hoffman
- Departments of Emergency Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Donald G. Stein
- Departments of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
- Departments of Emergency Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - David R. Archer
- Departments of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Michelle C. Laplaca
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
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15
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Ezra M, Bushman J, Shreiber D, Schachner M, Kohn J. Porous and Nonporous Nerve Conduits: The Effects of a Hydrogel Luminal Filler With and Without a Neurite-Promoting Moiety. Tissue Eng Part A 2016; 22:818-26. [PMID: 27102571 PMCID: PMC4876540 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2015.0354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nerve conduits prefilled with hydrogels are frequently explored in an attempt to promote nerve regeneration. This study examines the interplay in vivo between the porosity of the conduit wall and the level of bioactivity of the hydrogel used to fill the conduit. Nerve regeneration in porous (P) or nonporous (NP) conduits that were filled with either collagen only or collagen enhanced with a covalently attached neurite-promoting peptide mimic of the glycan human natural killer cell antigen-1 (m-HNK) were compared in a 5 mm critical size defect in the mouse femoral nerve repair model. Although collagen is a cell-friendly matrix that does not differentiate between neural and nonneural cells, the m-HNK-enhanced collagen specifically promotes axon growth and appropriate motor neuron targeting. In this study, animals treated with NP conduits filled with collagen grafted with m-HNK (CollagenHNK) had the best overall functional recovery, based on a range of histomorphometric observations and parameters of functional recovery. Our data indicate that under some conditions, the use of generally cell friendly fillers such as collagen may limit nerve regeneration. This finding is significant, considering the frequent use of collagen-based hydrogels as fillers of nerve conduits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mindy Ezra
- New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Jared Bushman
- New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - David Shreiber
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Melitta Schachner
- W.M. Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Joachim Kohn
- New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
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16
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Ware MJ, Colbert K, Keshishian V, Ho J, Corr SJ, Curley SA, Godin B. Generation of Homogenous Three-Dimensional Pancreatic Cancer Cell Spheroids Using an Improved Hanging Drop Technique. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2016; 22:312-21. [PMID: 26830354 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2015.0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro characterization of tumor cell biology or of potential anticancer drugs is usually performed using tumor cell lines cultured as a monolayer. However, it has been previously shown that three-dimensional (3D) organization of the tumor cells is important to provide insights on tumor biology and transport of therapeutics. Several methods to create 3D tumors in vitro have been proposed, with hanging drop technique being the most simple and, thus, most frequently used. However, in many cell lines this method has failed to form the desired 3D tumor structures. The aim of this study was to design and test an easy-to-use and highly reproducible modification of the hanging drop method for tumor sphere formation by adding methylcellulose polymer. Most pancreatic cancer cells do not form cohesive and manageable spheres when the original hanging drop method is used, thus we investigated these cell lines for our modified hanging drop method. The spheroids produced by this improved technique were analyzed by histology, light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and scanning electron microscopy. Results show that using the proposed simple method; we were able to produce uniform spheroids for all five of the tested human pancreatic cancer cell lines; Panc-1, BxPC-3, Capan-1, MiaPaCa-2, and AsPC-1. We believe that this method can be used as a reliable and reproducible technique to make 3D cancer spheroids for use in tumor biology research and evaluation of therapeutic responses, and for the development of bio-artificial tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Ware
- 1 Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute , Houston, Texas.,2 Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston, Texas
| | - Kevin Colbert
- 1 Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute , Houston, Texas
| | - Vazrik Keshishian
- 2 Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston, Texas
| | - Jason Ho
- 2 Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston, Texas
| | - Stuart J Corr
- 2 Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston, Texas
| | - Steven A Curley
- 2 Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston, Texas
| | - Biana Godin
- 1 Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute , Houston, Texas
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17
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Intravenous Administration of Cilostazol Nanoparticles Ameliorates Acute Ischemic Stroke in a Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Injury Model. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:29329-44. [PMID: 26690139 PMCID: PMC4691110 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161226166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It was reported that cilostazol (CLZ) suppressed disruption of the microvasculature in ischemic areas. In this study, we have designed novel injection formulations containing CLZ nanoparticles using 0.5% methylcellulose, 0.2% docusate sodium salt, and mill methods (CLZnano dispersion; particle size 81 ± 59 nm, mean ± S.D.), and investigated their toxicity and usefulness in a cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury model (MCAO/reperfusion mice). The pharmacokinetics of injections of CLZnano dispersions is similar to that of CLZ solutions prepared with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, and no changes in the rate of hemolysis of rabbit red blood cells, a model of cell injury, were observed with CLZnano dispersions. In addition, the intravenous injection of 0.6 mg/kg CLZnano dispersions does not affect the blood pressure and blood flow, and the 0.6 mg/kg CLZnano dispersions ameliorate neurological deficits and ischemic stroke in MCAO/reperfusion mice. It is possible that the CLZnano dispersions will provide effective therapy for ischemic stroke patients, and that injection preparations of lipophilic drugs containing drug nanoparticles expand their therapeutic usage.
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18
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Nagai N, Yoshioka C, Mano Y, Tnabe W, Ito Y, Okamoto N, Shimomura Y. A nanoparticle formulation of disulfiram prolongs corneal residence time of the drug and reduces intraocular pressure. Exp Eye Res 2015; 132:115-23. [PMID: 25633346 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2015.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The goal in the search for successful therapies for glaucoma is the reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP), and the search for effective eye drops that reduce IOP is a high priority. We previously reported the potential of a 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) solution containing 0.5% DSF (DSF solution) to provide effective anti-glaucoma treatment in eye drop form. In this study, we designed new ophthalmic formulations containing 0.5% DSF nanoparticles prepared by a bead mill method (DSFnano dispersion; particle size 183 ± 92 nm, mean ± S.D.), and compared the IOP-reducing effects of a DSFnano dispersion with those of a DSF solution. The high stability of the DSFnano dispersion was observed until 7 days after preparation, and the DSFnano dispersion showed high antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli (ATCC 8739). In transcorneal penetration experiments using rabbit corneas, only diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) was detected in the aqueous humor, while no DSF was detected. The DDC penetration level (area under the curve, AUC) and corneal residence time (mean residence time, MRT) of the DSFnano dispersion were approximately 1.45- and 1.44-fold higher than those of the DSF, respectively. Moreover, the IOP-reducing effects of the DSFnano dispersion were significantly greater than those of the DSF solution in rabbits (the IOP was enhanced by placing the rabbits in a dark room for 5 h). In addition, DSFnano dispersion are tolerated better by a corneal epithelial cell than DSF solution and commercially available timolol maleate eye drops. It is possible that dispersions containing DSF nanoparticles will provide new possibilities for the effective treatment of glaucoma, and that an ocular drug delivery system using drug nanoparticles may expand their usage as therapy in the ophthalmologic field. These findings provide significant information that can be used to design further studies aimed at developing anti-glaucoma drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriaki Nagai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kinki University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Chiaki Yoshioka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kinki University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Yu Mano
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kinki University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Wataru Tnabe
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kinki University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Ito
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kinki University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
| | - Norio Okamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Shimomura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
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19
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Chang W, DeVince J, Green G, Shah MB, Johns MS, Meng Y, Yu X. The development of a normalization method for comparing nerve regeneration effectiveness among different graft types. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2014; 18:297-305. [PMID: 24118184 DOI: 10.1111/jns5.12043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The inability to compare directly different nerve grafts has been a significant factor hindering the advance of nerve graft development. Due to the abundance of variables that exist in nerve graft construction and multiple assessment types, there has been limited success in comparing nerve graft effectiveness among experiments. Using mathematical techniques on nerve conduction velocity (NCV) autograft data, a normalization function was empirically derived that normalizes differences in gap lengths. Further analysis allowed for the development of the relative regeneration ratio (RRR). The RRR function allows researchers to directly compare nerve graft results based on the NCV data from their respective studies as long as the data was collected at the same post-operation time. This function also allows for comparisons between grafts tested at different gap lengths. Initial testing of this RRR function provided confidence that the function is accurate for a continuum of gap lengths and different nerve graft types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biology and Biomedical Engineering
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20
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Giusti G, Shin RH, Lee JY, Mattar TG, Bishop AT, Shin AY. The influence of nerve conduits diameter in motor nerve recovery after segmental nerve repair. Microsurgery 2014; 34:646-52. [DOI: 10.1002/micr.22312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard H. Shin
- Microvascular Research Laboratory; Mayo Clinic; Rochester MN
| | - Joo-Yup Lee
- Microvascular Research Laboratory; Mayo Clinic; Rochester MN
| | - Tiago G. Mattar
- Microvascular Research Laboratory; Mayo Clinic; Rochester MN
| | - Allen T. Bishop
- Microvascular Research Laboratory; Mayo Clinic; Rochester MN
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery; Mayo Clinic; Rochester MN
| | - Alexander Y. Shin
- Microvascular Research Laboratory; Mayo Clinic; Rochester MN
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery; Mayo Clinic; Rochester MN
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21
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Tieng V, Stoppini L, Villy S, Fathi M, Dubois-Dauphin M, Krause KH. Engineering of Midbrain Organoids Containing Long-Lived Dopaminergic Neurons. Stem Cells Dev 2014; 23:1535-47. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2013.0442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vannary Tieng
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University Medical Center, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Luc Stoppini
- Hepia, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland, Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss Centre for Applied Toxicology (SCAHT), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sabrina Villy
- Department of Genetic and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marc Fathi
- Department of Genetic and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michel Dubois-Dauphin
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University Medical Center, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Karl-Heinz Krause
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University Medical Center, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Genetic and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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22
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Aregueta-Robles UA, Woolley AJ, Poole-Warren LA, Lovell NH, Green RA. Organic electrode coatings for next-generation neural interfaces. FRONTIERS IN NEUROENGINEERING 2014; 7:15. [PMID: 24904405 PMCID: PMC4034607 DOI: 10.3389/fneng.2014.00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Traditional neuronal interfaces utilize metallic electrodes which in recent years have reached a plateau in terms of the ability to provide safe stimulation at high resolution or rather with high densities of microelectrodes with improved spatial selectivity. To achieve higher resolution it has become clear that reducing the size of electrodes is required to enable higher electrode counts from the implant device. The limitations of interfacing electrodes including low charge injection limits, mechanical mismatch and foreign body response can be addressed through the use of organic electrode coatings which typically provide a softer, more roughened surface to enable both improved charge transfer and lower mechanical mismatch with neural tissue. Coating electrodes with conductive polymers or carbon nanotubes offers a substantial increase in charge transfer area compared to conventional platinum electrodes. These organic conductors provide safe electrical stimulation of tissue while avoiding undesirable chemical reactions and cell damage. However, the mechanical properties of conductive polymers are not ideal, as they are quite brittle. Hydrogel polymers present a versatile coating option for electrodes as they can be chemically modified to provide a soft and conductive scaffold. However, the in vivo chronic inflammatory response of these conductive hydrogels remains unknown. A more recent approach proposes tissue engineering the electrode interface through the use of encapsulated neurons within hydrogel coatings. This approach may provide a method for activating tissue at the cellular scale, however, several technological challenges must be addressed to demonstrate feasibility of this innovative idea. The review focuses on the various organic coatings which have been investigated to improve neural interface electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew J. Woolley
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South WalesSydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Western SydneySydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Laura A. Poole-Warren
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South WalesSydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nigel H. Lovell
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South WalesSydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rylie A. Green
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South WalesSydney, NSW, Australia
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23
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Kuffler DP. An assessment of current techniques for inducing axon regeneration and neurological recovery following peripheral nerve trauma. Prog Neurobiol 2014; 116:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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24
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Tonda-Turo C, Gnavi S, Ruini F, Gambarotta G, Gioffredi E, Chiono V, Perroteau I, Ciardelli G. Development and characterization of novel agar and gelatin injectable hydrogel as filler for peripheral nerve guidance channels. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2014; 11:197-208. [PMID: 24737714 DOI: 10.1002/term.1902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Injectable hydrogels are becoming of increasing interest in the field of tissue engineering thanks to their versatile properties and to the possibility of being injected into tissues or devices during surgery. In peripheral nerve tissue engineering, injectable hydrogels having shear-thinning properties are advantageous as filler of nerve guidance channels (NGCs) to improve the regeneration process. In the present work, gelatin-based hydrogels were developed and specifically designed for the insertion into the lumen of hollow NGCs through a syringe during surgery. Injectable hydrogels were obtained using an agar-gelatin 20:80 weight ratio, (wt/wt) blend crosslinked by the addition of genipin (A/GL_GP). The physicochemical properties of the A/GL_GP hydrogels were analysed, including their injectability, rheological, swelling and dissolution behaviour, and their mechanical properties under compression. The hydrogel developed showed shear-thinning properties and was applied as filler of NGCs. The A/GL_GP hydrogel was tested in vitro using different cell lines, among them Schwann cells which have been used because they have an important role in peripheral nerve regeneration. Viability assays demonstrated the lack of cytotoxicity. In vitro experiments showed that the hydrogel is able to promote cell adhesion and proliferation. Two- and three-dimensional migration assays confirmed the capability of the cells to migrate both on the surface and within the internal framework of the hydrogel. These data show that A/GL_GP hydrogel has characteristics that make it a promising scaffold material for tissue engineering and nerve regeneration. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Tonda-Turo
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - S Gnavi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, (Turin), Italy.,Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation (NICO), University of Turin, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - F Ruini
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - G Gambarotta
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, (Turin), Italy
| | - E Gioffredi
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - V Chiono
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - I Perroteau
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, (Turin), Italy
| | - G Ciardelli
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy.,CNR-IPCF UOS, Pisa, Italy
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25
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Nagai N, Ito Y, Okamoto N, Shimomura Y. A nanoparticle formulation reduces the corneal toxicity of indomethacin eye drops and enhances its corneal permeability. Toxicology 2014; 319:53-62. [PMID: 24598350 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2014.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Indomethacin (IMC) has been shown to reduce post-operative inflammation and to decrease intraocular irritation after cataract extraction and in cystoid macular edema; however, the clinical use of its most commonly used eye drops is limited due to topical side-effects that include burning sensation, irritation and epithelial keratitis. It is known that decreasing direct cell stimulation and reducing the amount applied via increasing bioavailability are useful for improving these issues. In this study, we designed ophthalmic formulations containing 0.5% IMC nanoparticles using zirconia beads and Bead Smash 12 (IMCnano eye drops; particle size 76 ± 59 nm, mean ± S.D.), and investigated the corneal toxicity of these IMCnano eye drops. IMCnano eye drops are tolerated better by a human cornea epithelial cell line (HCE-T) than commercially available NDSAIDs preparations (IMC, pranoprofen, diclofenac, bromfenac and nepafenac eye drops), and corneal wound healing in rat eyes with debrided corneal epithelium instilled with IMCnano eye drops is significantly better than that of eyes instilled with commercially available IMC eye drops. In addition, the accumulation of IMC in HCE-T cells treated with the IMCnano eye drops for 30 min was 19.9% that of the accumulation from commercially available IMC eye drops. On the other hand, the corneal penetration of IMC from IMCnano eye drops was significantly greater than in the case of the commercially available IMC eye drops in both in vivo and in vitro studies using rabbit corneas. Taken together, we hypothesize that a nanoparticle formulation reduces the corneal toxicity of IMC eye drops, probably because the accumulation of IMC from IMCnano eye drops in the eye is lower than that from commercially available IMC eye drops. In addition, the nanoparticle formulation may allow a decrease in the amount of IMC used due to the increase in bioavailability, resulting in reduced drug toxicity. These findings provide significant information that can be used to design further studies aimed at developing less toxic eye drops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriaki Nagai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kinki University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Ito
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kinki University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
| | - Norio Okamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kinki University, Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Shimomura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kinki University, Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
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26
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Thermosensitive methyl cellulose-based injectable hydrogels for post-operation anti-adhesion. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 101:171-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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27
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Choy DKS, Nga VDW, Lim J, Lu J, Chou N, Yeo TT, Teoh SH. Brain tissue interaction with three-dimensional, honeycomb polycaprolactone-based scaffolds designed for cranial reconstruction following traumatic brain injury. Tissue Eng Part A 2013; 19:2382-9. [PMID: 23691928 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2012.0733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Following traumatic brain injury (TBI), resultant voids are unable to support injections of suspension treatments, leading to ineffective healing. Moreover, without a structure to support the large defect, the defect site suffers from mechanical instability, which may impair the healing process. Therefore, having a delivery vehicle that can temporarily fill and provide mechanical support to the defect site may alleviate the healing process. In this work, we reported for the first time, the inflammatory response of brain tissue with polycaprolactone (PCL) and PCL-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) scaffolds designed and fabricated for cranial reconstruction. After cranial defects were created in Sprague-Dawley rats, PCL and PCL-TCP scaffolds were implanted for a period of 1 week and 1 month. Following histology and immunofluorescence staining with the ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule-1 (IBA-1), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), nestin, and neuronal nuclei (NeuN), results indicated that IBA-1-positive activated microglia were observed across all groups, and declined significantly by 1 month (p<0.05). Interestingly, IBA-1-positive microglia were significantly fewer in the PCL-TCP group (p<0.05), suggesting a relatively milder inflammatory response. A decrease in the number of GFAP-positive cells among all groups over time (>29%) was also observed. Initially, astrocyte hypertrophy was observed proximal to the TBI site (55% in PCL and PCL-TCP groups, 75% in control groups), but it subsided by 1 month. Proximal to the TBI site, nestin immunoreactivity was intense during week 1, and which reduced by 1 month across all groups. NeuN-positive neurons were shrunken proximal to the TBI site (<0.9 mm), 32% smaller in the PCL-TCP group and 27% smaller in the PCL group. Based on above data indicating the comparatively milder, initial inflammatory response of brain tissue to PCL-TCP scaffolds, it is suggested that PCL-TCP scaffolds have notable clinical advantages as compared to PCL scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Kim Seng Choy
- 1 Division of Neurosurgery, National University Hospital Singapore , Singapore, Singapore
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Chan A, Orme RP, Fricker RA, Roach P. Remote and local control of stimuli responsive materials for therapeutic applications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:497-514. [PMID: 22820529 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2012.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Revised: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Materials offering the ability to change their characteristics in response to presented stimuli have demonstrated application in the biomedical arena, allowing control over drug delivery, protein adsorption and cell attachment to materials. Many of these smart systems are reversible, giving rise to finer control over material properties and biological interaction, useful for various therapeutic treatment strategies. Many smart materials intended for biological interaction are based around pH or thermo-responsive materials, although the use of magnetic materials, particularly in neural regeneration, has increased over the past decade. This review draws together a background of literature describing the design principles and mechanisms of smart materials. Discussion centres on recent literature regarding pH-, thermo-, magnetic and dual responsive materials, and their current applications for the treatment of neural tissue.
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Bain MK, Bhowmick B, Maity D, Mondal D, Mollick MMR, Rana D, Chattopadhyay D. Synergistic effect of salt mixture on the gelation temperature and morphology of methylcellulose hydrogel. Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 51:831-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/29/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Fuhs T, Reuter L, Vonderhaid I, Claudepierre T, Käs JA. Inherently slow and weak forward forces of neuronal growth cones measured by a drift-stabilized atomic force microscope. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2012; 70:44-53. [DOI: 10.1002/cm.21080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 09/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Ravi S, Caves JM, Martinez AW, Xiao J, Wen J, Haller CA, Davis ME, Chaikof EL. Effect of bone marrow-derived extracellular matrix on cardiac function after ischemic injury. Biomaterials 2012; 33:7736-45. [PMID: 22819498 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is a leading cause of death, with few options to retain ventricular function following myocardial infarction. Hematopoietic-derived progenitor cells contribute to angiogenesis and tissue repair following ischemia reperfusion injury. Motivated by the role of bone marrow extracellular matrix (BM-ECM) in supporting the proliferation and regulation of these cell populations, we investigated BM-ECM injection in myocardial repair. In BM-ECM isolated from porcine sternum, we identified several factors important for myocardial healing, including vascular endothelial growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor-2, and platelet-derived growth factor-BB. We further determined that BM-ECM serves as an adhesive substrate for endothelial cell proliferation. Bone marrow ECM was injected in a rat model of myocardial infarction, with and without a methylcellulose carrier gel. After one day, reduced infarct area was noted in rats receiving BM-ECM injection. After seven days we observed improved fractional shortening, decreased apoptosis, and significantly lower macrophage counts in the infarct border. Improvements in fractional shortening, sustained through 21 days, as well as decreased fibrotic area, enhanced angiogenesis, and greater c-kit-positive cell presence were associated with BM-ECM injection. Notably, the concentrations of BM-ECM growth factors were 10(3)-10(8) fold lower than typically required to achieve a beneficial effect, as reported in pre-clinical studies that have administered single growth factors alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swathi Ravi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology/Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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Satyam A, Subramanian GS, Raghunath M, Pandit A, Zeugolis DI. In vitroevaluation of Ficoll-enriched and genipin-stabilised collagen scaffolds. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2012; 8:233-41. [DOI: 10.1002/term.1522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Revised: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Satyam
- Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials; National University of Ireland Galway; Galway Ireland
- Department of Mechanical & Biomedical Engineering; National University of Ireland Galway; Galway Ireland
| | - G. S. Subramanian
- Tissue Modulation Laboratory; National University of Singapore; Singapore
- Division of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering; National University of Singapore; Singapore
| | - M. Raghunath
- Tissue Modulation Laboratory; National University of Singapore; Singapore
- Division of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering; National University of Singapore; Singapore
| | - A. Pandit
- Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials; National University of Ireland Galway; Galway Ireland
| | - D. I. Zeugolis
- Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials; National University of Ireland Galway; Galway Ireland
- Department of Mechanical & Biomedical Engineering; National University of Ireland Galway; Galway Ireland
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Zeugolis DI, Li B, Lareu RR, Chan CK, Raghunath M. Collagen solubility testing, a quality assurance step for reproducible electro-spun nano-fibre fabrication. A technical note. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2012; 19:1307-17. [DOI: 10.1163/156856208786052344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. I. Zeugolis
- a Tissue Modulation Laboratory, National University of Singapore, 117510, Singapore; National University of Singapore Tissue Engineering Programme (NUSTEP), National University of Singapore, 117510, Singapore; Division of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore; Immunology Programme, Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117456, Singapore
| | - B. Li
- b Division of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore; National University of Singapore Science and Nanobiotechnoloy Initiative (NUSSNI), National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - R. R. Lareu
- c Tissue Modulation Laboratory, National University of Singapore, 117510, Singapore; National University of Singapore Tissue Engineering Programme (NUSTEP), National University of Singapore, 117510, Singapore; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - C. K. Chan
- d Division of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore; National University of Singapore Science and Nanobiotechnoloy Initiative (NUSSNI), National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - M. Raghunath
- e Tissue Modulation Laboratory, National University of Singapore, 117510, Singapore; Division of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore; Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117597, Singapore
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Bain MK, Bhowmick B, Maity D, Mondal D, Mollick MMR, Paul BK, Bhowmik M, Rana D, Chattopadhyay D. Effect of PVA on the gel temperature of MC and release kinetics of KT from MC based ophthalmic formulations. Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 50:565-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Revised: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Bryan DJ, Litchfield CR, Manchio JV, Logvinenko T, Holway AH, Austin J, Summerhayes IC, Rieger-Christ KM. Spatiotemporal expression profiling of proteins in rat sciatic nerve regeneration using reverse phase protein arrays. Proteome Sci 2012; 10:9. [PMID: 22325251 PMCID: PMC3295716 DOI: 10.1186/1477-5956-10-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 02/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Protein expression profiles throughout 28 days of peripheral nerve regeneration were characterized using an established rat sciatic nerve transection injury model. Reverse phase protein microarrays were used to identify the spatial and temporal expression profile of multiple proteins implicated in peripheral nerve regeneration including growth factors, extracellular matrix proteins, and proteins involved in adhesion and migration. This high-throughput approach enabled the simultaneous analysis of 3,360 samples on a nitrocellulose-coated slide. Results The extracellular matrix proteins collagen I and III, laminin gamma-1, fibronectin, nidogen and versican displayed an early increase in protein levels in the guide and proximal sections of the regenerating nerve with levels at or above the baseline expression of intact nerve by the end of the 28 day experimental course. The 28 day protein levels were also at or above baseline in the distal segment however an early increase was only noted for laminin, nidogen, and fibronectin. While the level of epidermal growth factor, ciliary neurotrophic factor and fibroblast growth factor-1 and -2 increased throughout the experimental course in the proximal and distal segments, nerve growth factor only increased in the distal segment and fibroblast growth factor-1 and -2 and nerve growth factor were the only proteins in that group to show an early increase in the guide contents. As expected, several proteins involved in cell adhesion and motility; namely focal adhesion kinase, N-cadherin and β-catenin increased earlier in the proximal and distal segments than in the guide contents reflecting the relatively acellular matrix of the early regenerate. Conclusions In this study we identified changes in expression of multiple proteins over time linked to regeneration of the rat sciatic nerve both demonstrating the utility of reverse phase protein arrays in nerve regeneration research and revealing a detailed, composite spatiotemporal expression profile of peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Bryan
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Lahey Clinic Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Lahey Clinic Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts, USA
| | - C Robert Litchfield
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Lahey Clinic Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jeffrey V Manchio
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Lahey Clinic Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts, USA.,Department Surgery, Section of General Surgery, Saint Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Tanya Logvinenko
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Antonia H Holway
- Ian C. Summerhayes Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Lahey Clinic Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts, USA.,Aushon BioSystems Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John Austin
- Aushon BioSystems Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ian C Summerhayes
- Ian C. Summerhayes Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Lahey Clinic Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kimberly M Rieger-Christ
- Ian C. Summerhayes Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Lahey Clinic Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts, USA
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36
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Pabari A, Yang SY, Mosahebi A, Seifalian AM. Recent advances in artificial nerve conduit design: Strategies for the delivery of luminal fillers. J Control Release 2011; 156:2-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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37
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Medalha CC, Di Gangi GC, Barbosa CB, Fernandes M, Aguiar O, Faloppa F, Leite VM, Renno ACM. Low-level laser therapy improves repair following complete resection of the sciatic nerve in rats. Lasers Med Sci 2011; 27:629-35. [PMID: 22009383 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-011-1008-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the regeneration of the sciatic nerve in rats following a complete nerve resection. Male Wistar rats were divided into a control injury group, injury groups irradiated with a 660-nm laser at 10 or 50 J/cm(2), and injury groups irradiated with an 808-nm laser at 10 or 50 J/cm(2). Treatment began 24 h following nerve resection and continued for 15 days. Using the sciatic functional index (SFI), we show that the injured animals treated with 660 nm at 10 and 50 J/cm(2) had better SFI values compared with the control injury and the 808-nm groups. Animals irradiated with the 808-nm laser at 50 J/cm(2) show higher values for fiber density than do control animals. In addition, axon and fiber diameters were larger in animals irradiated with 660 nm at 50 J/cm(2) compared to the control group. These findings indicate that 660-nm LLLT is able to provide functional gait recovery and leads to increases in fiber diameter following sciatic nerve resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Christina Medalha
- Department of Bioscience, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Avenida Ana Costa 95, CEP 04021-001, Santos, SP, Brazil.
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38
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Greiderer A, Steeneken L, Aalbers T, Vivó-Truyols G, Schoenmakers P. Characterization of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) using comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:5787-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.04.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2010] [Revised: 04/21/2011] [Accepted: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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39
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Kusano K, Enomoto M, Hirai T, Wakabayashi Y, Itoh S, Ichinose S, Okabe S, Shinomiya K, Okawa A. Enhancement of sciatic nerve regeneration by adenovirus-mediated expression of dominant negative RhoA and Rac1. Neurosci Lett 2011; 492:64-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2011.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2010] [Revised: 01/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/24/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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40
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Patel V, Joseph G, Patel A, Patel S, Bustin D, Mawson D, Tuesta LM, Puentes R, Ghosh M, Pearse DD. Suspension matrices for improved Schwann-cell survival after implantation into the injured rat spinal cord. J Neurotrauma 2010; 27:789-801. [PMID: 20144012 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2008.0809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Trauma to the spinal cord produces endogenously irreversible tissue and functional loss, requiring the application of therapeutic approaches to achieve meaningful restoration. Cellular strategies, in particular Schwann-cell implantation, have shown promise in overcoming many of the obstacles facing successful repair of the injured spinal cord. Here, we show that the implantation of Schwann cells as cell suspensions with in-situ gelling laminin:collagen matrices after spinal-cord contusion significantly enhances long-term cell survival but not proliferation, as well as improves graft vascularization and the degree of axonal in-growth over the standard implantation vehicle, minimal media. The use of a matrix to suspend cells prior to implantation should be an important consideration for achieving improved survival and effectiveness of cellular therapies for future clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Patel
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33101, USA
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41
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Gu X, Ding F, Yang Y, Liu J. Construction of tissue engineered nerve grafts and their application in peripheral nerve regeneration. Prog Neurobiol 2010; 93:204-30. [PMID: 21130136 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2010.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 412] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2010] [Revised: 11/02/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Surgical repair of severe peripheral nerve injuries represents not only a pressing medical need, but also a great clinical challenge. Autologous nerve grafting remains a golden standard for bridging an extended gap in transected nerves. The formidable limitations related to this approach, however, have evoked the development of tissue engineered nerve grafts as a promising alternative to autologous nerve grafts. A tissue engineered nerve graft is typically constructed through a combination of a neural scaffold and a variety of cellular and molecular components. The initial and basic structure of the neural scaffold that serves to provide mechanical guidance and optimal environment for nerve regeneration was a single hollow nerve guidance conduit. Later there have been several improvements to the basic structure, especially introduction of physical fillers into the lumen of a hollow nerve guidance conduit. Up to now, a diverse array of biomaterials, either of natural or of synthetic origin, together with well-defined fabrication techniques, has been employed to prepare neural scaffolds with different structures and properties. Meanwhile different types of support cells and/or growth factors have been incorporated into the neural scaffold, producing unique biochemical effects on nerve regeneration and function restoration. This review attempts to summarize different nerve grafts used for peripheral nerve repair, to highlight various basic components of tissue engineered nerve grafts in terms of their structures, features, and nerve regeneration-promoting actions, and finally to discuss current clinical applications and future perspectives of tissue engineered nerve grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, JS 226001, PR China.
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42
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Stabenfeldt SE, Munglani G, García AJ, LaPlaca MC. Biomimetic microenvironment modulates neural stem cell survival, migration, and differentiation. Tissue Eng Part A 2010; 16:3747-58. [PMID: 20666608 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2009.0837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomaterial matrices presenting extracellular matrix (ECM) components in a controlled three-dimensional configuration provide a unique system to study neural stem cell (NSC)-ECM interactions. We cultured primary murine neurospheres in a methylcellulose (MC) scaffold functionalized with laminin-1 (MC-x-LN1) and monitored NSC survival, apoptosis, migration, differentiation, and matrix production. Overall, MC-x-LN1 enhanced both NSC survival and maturation compared with MC controls. Significantly lower levels of apoptotic activity were observed in MC-x-LN1 than in MC controls, as measured by bcl-2/bax gene expression and tetramethylrhodamine-dUTP nick end labeling. A higher percentage of NSCs extended neurites in a β₁-integrin-mediated fashion in MC-x-LN1 than in MC controls. Further, the differentiation profiles of NSCs in MC-x-LN1 exhibited higher levels of neuronal and oligodendrocyte precursor markers than in MC controls. LN1 production and co-localization with α₆β₁ integrins was markedly increased within MC-x-LN1, whereas the production of fibronectin was more pronounced in MC controls. These findings demonstrate that NSC microenvironments modulate cellular activity throughout the neurosphere, contributing to our understanding of ECM-mediated NSC behavior and provide new avenues for developing rationally designed couriers for neurotransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Stabenfeldt
- Laboratory for Neuroengineering, Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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43
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Hackett JM, Dang TT, Tsai EC, Cao X. Electrospun Biocomposite Polycaprolactone/Collagen Tubes as Scaffolds for Neural Stem Cell Differentiation. MATERIALS 2010. [PMCID: PMC5521760 DOI: 10.3390/ma3063714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Studies using cellular therapies, scaffolds, and tubular structured implants have been carried out with the goal to restore functional recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI). None of these therapeutic strategies, by themselves, have been shown to be sufficient to achieve complete restoration of function. To reverse the devastating effects of SCI, an interdisciplinary approach that combines materials science and engineering, stem cell biology, and neurosurgery is being carried out. We are currently investigating a scaffold that has the ability to deliver growth factors for the proliferation and differentiation of endogenous stem cells. Neural stem cells (NSCs) derived from mice are being used to assess the efficacy of the release of growth factors from the scaffold in vitro. The fabrication of the tubular implant allows a porous scaffold to be formed, which aids in the release of growth factors added to the scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne M. Hackett
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8L6, Canada; E-Mail: (T.T.D.)
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +46-(0)13-22 1849; Fax: +46-(0)13-22 4273
| | - ThucNhi T. Dang
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8L6, Canada; E-Mail: (T.T.D.)
| | - Eve C. Tsai
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 725 Parkdale Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, K1Y 4E9, Canada; E-Mail: (E.C.T.)
| | - Xudong Cao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis-Pasteur, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada; E-Mail: (X.C.)
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Straley KS, Foo CWP, Heilshorn SC. Biomaterial design strategies for the treatment of spinal cord injuries. J Neurotrauma 2010; 27:1-19. [PMID: 19698073 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2009.0948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The highly debilitating nature of spinal cord injuries has provided much inspiration for the design of novel biomaterials that can stimulate cellular regeneration and functional recovery. Many experts agree that the greatest hope for treatment of spinal cord injuries will involve a combinatorial approach that integrates biomaterial scaffolds, cell transplantation, and molecule delivery. This manuscript presents a comprehensive review of biomaterial-scaffold design strategies currently being applied to the development of nerve guidance channels and hydrogels that more effectively stimulate spinal cord tissue regeneration. To enhance the regenerative capacity of these two scaffold types, researchers are focusing on optimizing the mechanical properties, cell-adhesivity, biodegradability, electrical activity, and topography of synthetic and natural materials, and are developing mechanisms to use these scaffolds to deliver cells and biomolecules. Developing scaffolds that address several of these key design parameters will lead to more successful therapies for the regeneration of spinal cord tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin S Straley
- Chemical Engineering Department, Stanford University, Stanford, California 4305-4045, USA
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45
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Bain MK, Bhowmik M, Maity D, Bera NK, Ghosh S, Chattopadhyay D. Control of thermo reversible gelation of methylcellulose using polyethylene glycol and sodium chloride for sustained delivery of ophthalmic drug. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.32350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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46
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Jiang X, Lim SH, Mao HQ, Chew SY. Current applications and future perspectives of artificial nerve conduits. Exp Neurol 2009; 223:86-101. [PMID: 19769967 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2009] [Revised: 09/09/2009] [Accepted: 09/11/2009] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Artificial nerve guide conduits have the advantage over autografts in terms of their availability and ease of fabrication. However, clinical outcomes associated with the use of artificial nerve conduits are often inferior to that of autografts, particularly over long lesion gaps. There have been significant advances in the designs of artificial nerve conduits over the years. In terms of materials selection and design, a wide variety of new synthetic polymers and biopolymers have been evaluated. The inclusion of nerve conduit lumen fillers has also been demonstrated as essential to enable nerve regeneration across large defect gaps. These lumen filler designs have involved the integration of physical cues for contact guidance and biochemical signals to control cellular function and differentiation. Novel conduit architectural designs using porous and fibrous substrates have also been developed. This review highlights the recent advances in synthetic nerve guide designs for peripheral nerve regeneration, and the in vivo applicability and future prospects of these nerve guide conduits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Jiang
- School of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Block N1.2-B2-20, Singapore 637459, Singapore
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47
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MacKinnon N, Guérin G, Liu B, Gradinaru CC, Macdonald PM. Liposome-hydrogel bead complexes prepared via biotin-avidin conjugation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:9413-9423. [PMID: 19603800 DOI: 10.1021/la900163r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Liposomes immobilized onto polymeric hydrogel microbeads have potential advantages both in tissue engineering applications and as drug delivery vehicles. Here we demonstrate, quantify, and optimize lipid vesicle binding to polymeric hydrogel microbeads via the avidin-biotin conjugation system and characterize the stability of the resulting microgel-bound liposomes. Microgels consisting of a copolymer of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and acrylic acid (AA), cross-linked with bis-acrylamide, that is, p(NIPAM-co-AA), were biotinylated using aqueous carbodiimide chemistry. Extruded liposomes consisting of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine (POPC) plus a small fraction of a biotin-derivatized phosphatidylethanolamine (B-PE) were saturated with avidin and allowed to bind to biotinylated hydrogel beads. Using a combination of fluorescence spectroscopy, quenching, and microscopy and 31P NMR static and magic angle spinning (MAS) spectroscopies, we demonstrate conditions for near-quantitative liposome binding to p(NIPAM-co-AA) microbeads and show that liposome fusion does not occur under such conditions, that the liposomes remain intact and impermeable when so bound, and that they can function as slow release vehicles for entrapped aqueous species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil MacKinnon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3H6
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Di Benedetto G, Grassetti L, Mazzucchelli R, Scarpelli M, Bertani A. Peripheral nerve regeneration: autologous conduit of vein plus perineurium. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLASTIC SURGERY 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00238-008-0302-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Nisbet DR, Crompton KE, Horne MK, Finkelstein DI, Forsythe JS. Neural tissue engineering of the CNS using hydrogels. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2008; 87:251-63. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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LIN Y, SUN J, JIANG G, ZAN J, DING F. In vitro Evaluation of Lysozyme-loaded Microspheres in Thermosensitive Methylcellulose-based Hydrogel. Chin J Chem Eng 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1004-9541(07)60125-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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