1
|
Rao PS, Rangaswamy M, Evans J, Dutt A. Prospective memory in early and established psychosis: An Indian perspective. J Neuropsychol 2023; 17:461-476. [PMID: 37070648 DOI: 10.1111/jnp.12314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Individuals affected by psychosis often have deficits in several neurocognitive functions. Prospective memory (PM), the ability to remember to do things, is crucial for activities of daily living, social and occupational functioning, but very few studies have attempted to examine this domain of functioning in people with psychosis, particularly in India. A total of 71 patients with psychosis, (both early and established psychosis), and 140 age, gender and education-matched healthy controls were assessed using the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale, and Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination. PM was assessed using the Cambridge Prospective Memory Test and the Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ). Group differences were evaluated using Mann-Whitney U-tests. Significantly greater cognitive deficits, higher anxiety and depression were evident in the psychosis group compared with controls. The psychosis group performed significantly poorer on both time- and event-based tests in CAMPROMPT than controls. These differences remained when controlling for age, education, general cognitive functioning and mood. The subjective measure of PM (PRMQ) did not differentiate the two groups. The PM performance of early and established psychosis patients was similar. Comparisons with cross-cultural data (PRMQ UK norms and CAMPROMPT and PRMQ Chinese data) revealed important differences in PM performance. Individuals with psychosis have significant deficits in both time- and event-based PM. CAMPROMPT emerged as a more sensitive PM measure compared with PRMQ. Results from cross-cultural comparisons underscore the need for cultural contextualization of assessments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pulijala Sulakshana Rao
- Department of Psychology, Christ University, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
- Duttanagar Mental Health Centre, Kolkata, 700077, India
| | - Madhavi Rangaswamy
- Department of Psychology, Christ University, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | - Jonathan Evans
- Department of Psychology, Christ University, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Anirban Dutt
- Department of Psychology, Christ University, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
- Duttanagar Mental Health Centre, Kolkata, 700077, India
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Langhein M, Lyall AE, Steinmann S, Seitz-Holland J, Nägele FL, Cetin-Karayumak S, Zhang F, Rauh J, Mußmann M, Billah T, Makris N, Pasternak O, O’Donnell LJ, Rathi Y, Leicht G, Kubicki M, Shenton ME, Mulert C. The decoupling of structural and functional connectivity of auditory networks in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis. World J Biol Psychiatry 2023; 24:387-399. [PMID: 36083108 PMCID: PMC10399965 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2022.2112974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Disrupted auditory networks play an important role in the pathophysiology of psychosis, with abnormalities already observed in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR). Here, we examine structural and functional connectivity of an auditory network in CHR utilising state-of-the-art electroencephalography and diffusion imaging techniques. METHODS Twenty-six CHR subjects and 13 healthy controls (HC) underwent diffusion MRI and electroencephalography while performing an auditory task. We investigated structural connectivity, measured as fractional anisotropy in the Arcuate Fasciculus (AF), Cingulum Bundle, and Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus-II. Gamma-band lagged-phase synchronisation, a functional connectivity measure, was calculated between cortical regions connected by these tracts. RESULTS CHR subjects showed significantly higher structural connectivity in the right AF than HC (p < .001). Although non-significant, functional connectivity between cortical areas connected by the AF was lower in CHR than HC (p = .078). Structural and functional connectivity were correlated in HC (p = .056) but not in CHR (p = .29). CONCLUSIONS We observe significant differences in structural connectivity of the AF, without a concomitant significant change in functional connectivity in CHR subjects. This may suggest that the CHR state is characterised by a decoupling of structural and functional connectivity, possibly due to abnormal white matter maturation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mina Langhein
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amanda E. Lyall
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Saskia Steinmann
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Johanna Seitz-Holland
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Felix L. Nägele
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Suheyla Cetin-Karayumak
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonas Rauh
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marius Mußmann
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tashrif Billah
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nikos Makris
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ofer Pasternak
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lauren J O’Donnell
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yogesh Rathi
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gregor Leicht
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marek Kubicki
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martha E. Shenton
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christoph Mulert
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Centre for Psychiatry, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Resting-state electroencephalographic delta rhythms may reflect global cortical arousal in healthy old seniors and patients with Alzheimer's disease dementia. Int J Psychophysiol 2020; 158:259-270. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
4
|
Babiloni C, Noce G, Di Bonaventura C, Lizio R, Pascarelli MT, Tucci F, Soricelli A, Ferri R, Nobili F, Famà F, Palma E, Cifelli P, Marizzoni M, Stocchi F, Frisoni GB, Del Percio C. Abnormalities of Cortical Sources of Resting State Delta Electroencephalographic Rhythms Are Related to Epileptiform Activity in Patients With Amnesic Mild Cognitive Impairment Not Due to Alzheimer's Disease. Front Neurol 2020; 11:514136. [PMID: 33192962 PMCID: PMC7644902 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.514136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present exploratory and retrospective study, we hypothesized that cortical sources of resting state eyes-closed electroencephalographic (rsEEG) rhythms might be more abnormal in patients with epileptiform EEG activity (spike-sharp wave discharges, giant spikes) and amnesic mild cognitive impairment not due to Alzheimer's disease (noADMCI-EEA) than matched noADMCI patients without EEA (noADMCI-noEEA). Clinical, neuroimaging, neuropsychological, and rsEEG data in 32 noADMCI and 30 normal elderly (Nold) subjects were available in a national archive. Age, gender, and education were carefully matched among them. No subject had received a clinical diagnosis of epilepsy. Individual alpha frequency peak (IAF) was used to determine the delta, theta, and alpha frequency bands of rsEEG rhythms. Fixed beta and gamma bands were also considered. Regional rsEEG cortical sources were estimated by eLORETA freeware. Area under receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curves indexed the accuracy of eLORETA solutions in the classification between noADMCI-EEA and noADMCI-noEEA individuals. As novel findings, EEA was observed in 41% of noADMCI patients. Furthermore, these noADMCI-EEA patients showed higher temporal delta source activities as compared to noADMCI-no EEA patients and Nold subjects. Those activities discriminated individuals of the two NoADMCI groups with an accuracy of about 70%. The significant percentage of noADMCI-EEA patients showing EEA and marked abnormalities in temporal rsEEG rhythms at delta frequencies suggest a substantial role of underlying neural hypersynchronization mechanisms in their brain dysfunctions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Babiloni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,San Raffaele Cassino, Cassino (FR), Italy
| | | | - Carlo Di Bonaventura
- Epilepsy Unit, Department of Neurosciences/Mental Health, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Federico Tucci
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Soricelli
- IRCCS SDN, Naples, Italy.,Department of Motor Sciences and Healthiness, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Flavio Nobili
- Clinica Neurologica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy.,Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Oftalmologia, Genetica, Riabilitazione e Scienze Materno-infantili (DiNOGMI), Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Francesco Famà
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Oftalmologia, Genetica, Riabilitazione e Scienze Materno-infantili (DiNOGMI), Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Eleonora Palma
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Pasteur Institute-Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Cifelli
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Scienze Cliniche Applicate e Biotecnologiche, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Moira Marizzoni
- Laboratory of Alzheimer's Neuroimaging and Epidemiology, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni B Frisoni
- Laboratory of Alzheimer's Neuroimaging and Epidemiology, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.,Memory Clinic and LANVIE-Laboratory of Neuroimaging of Aging, University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Claudio Del Percio
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology (IFCN) – EEG research workgroup: Recommendations on frequency and topographic analysis of resting state EEG rhythms. Part 1: Applications in clinical research studies. Clin Neurophysiol 2020; 131:285-307. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2019.06.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
6
|
Rieger K, Rarra MH, Diaz Hernandez L, Hubl D, Koenig T. Neurofeedback-Based Enhancement of Single-Trial Auditory Evoked Potentials: Treatment of Auditory Verbal Hallucinations in Schizophrenia. Clin EEG Neurosci 2018; 49:367-378. [PMID: 29569473 DOI: 10.1177/1550059418765810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Auditory verbal hallucinations depend on a broad neurobiological network ranging from the auditory system to language as well as memory-related processes. As part of this, the auditory N100 event-related potential (ERP) component is attenuated in patients with schizophrenia, with stronger attenuation occurring during auditory verbal hallucinations. Changes in the N100 component assumingly reflect disturbed responsiveness of the auditory system toward external stimuli in schizophrenia. With this premise, we investigated the therapeutic utility of neurofeedback training to modulate the auditory-evoked N100 component in patients with schizophrenia and associated auditory verbal hallucinations. Ten patients completed electroencephalography neurofeedback training for modulation of N100 (treatment condition) or another unrelated component, P200 (control condition). On a behavioral level, only the control group showed a tendency for symptom improvement in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale total score in a pre-/postcomparison ( t(4) = 2.71, P = .054); however, no significant differences were found in specific hallucination related symptoms ( t(7) = -0.53, P = .62). There was no significant overall effect of neurofeedback training on ERP components in our paradigm; however, we were able to identify different learning patterns, and found a correlation between learning and improvement in auditory verbal hallucination symptoms across training sessions ( r = 0.664, n = 9, P = .05). This effect results, with cautious interpretation due to the small sample size, primarily from the treatment group ( r = 0.97, n = 4, P = .03). In particular, a within-session learning parameter showed utility for predicting symptom improvement with neurofeedback training. In conclusion, patients with schizophrenia and associated auditory verbal hallucinations who exhibit a learning pattern more characterized by within-session aptitude may benefit from electroencephalography neurofeedback. Furthermore, independent of the training group, a significant spatial pre-post difference was found in the event-related component P200 ( P = .04).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Rieger
- 1 Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,2 Center for Cognition, Learning and Memory, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Helene Rarra
- 1 Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Laura Diaz Hernandez
- 1 Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Hubl
- 1 Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Koenig
- 1 Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,2 Center for Cognition, Learning and Memory, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Klein C, Metz SI, Elmer S, Jäncke L. The interpreter's brain during rest - Hyperconnectivity in the frontal lobe. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202600. [PMID: 30138477 PMCID: PMC6107212 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Language in its highest complexity is a unique human faculty with simultaneous translation being among the most demanding language task involving both linguistic and executive functions. In this context, bilingually grown up individuals as well as simultaneous interpreters (SIs) represent appropriate groups for studying expertise-related neural adaptations in the human brain. The present study was performed to examine if a domain-specific neural network activation pattern, constituted by brain regions involved in speech processing as well as cognitive control mechanisms can be detected during a task-free resting state condition. To investigate this, electroencephalographic (EEG) data were recorded from 16 SIs and 16 age and gender-matched multilingual control subjects. Graph-theoretical network analyses revealed interhemispheric hyperconnectivity between the ventral part of the prefrontal cortex (pars opercularis and pars triangularis) and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in language experts compared to multilingual controls in the alpha frequency range. This finding suggests that the high cognitive demands placed on simultaneous interpreting lead to an increased neural communication between prefrontal brain regions essentially engaged in supporting executive control—a neural fingerprint that is even detectable during rest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carina Klein
- Division of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Silvana Iris Metz
- Division of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Elmer
- Division of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lutz Jäncke
- Division of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- International Normal Aging and Plasticity Imaging Center (INAPIC), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University Research Priority Program (URPP), Dynamic of Healthy Aging, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Special Education, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cheval B, Tipura E, Burra N, Frossard J, Chanal J, Orsholits D, Radel R, Boisgontier MP. Avoiding sedentary behaviors requires more cortical resources than avoiding physical activity: An EEG study. Neuropsychologia 2018; 119:68-80. [PMID: 30056055 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Why do individuals fail to exercise regularly despite knowledge of the risks associated with physical inactivity? Automatic processes regulating exercise behaviors may partly explain this paradox. Yet, these processes have only been investigated with behavioral outcomes (i.e., based on reaction times). Here, using electroencephalography, we investigated the cortical activity underlying automatic approach and avoidance tendencies toward stimuli depicting physical activity and sedentary behaviors in 29 young adults who were physically active or physically inactive but with the intention of becoming physically active. Behavioral results showed faster reactions when approaching physical activity compared to sedentary behaviors and when avoiding sedentary behaviors compared to physical activity. These faster reactions were more pronounced in physically active individuals and were associated with changes during sensory integration (earlier onset latency and larger positive deflection of the stimulus-locked lateralized readiness potentials) but not during motor preparation (no effect on the response-locked lateralized readiness potentials). Faster reactions when avoiding sedentary behaviors compared to physical activity were also associated with higher conflict monitoring (larger early and late N1 event-related potentials) and higher inhibition (larger N2 event-related potentials), irrespective of the usual level of physical activity. These results suggest that additional cortical resources were required to counteract an attraction to sedentary behaviors. Data and Materials [https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1169140]. Preprint [https://doi.org/10.1101/277988].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boris Cheval
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Quality of Care Service, University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland; Department of General Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Swiss NCCR "LIVES - Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives", University of Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Eda Tipura
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nicolas Burra
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jaromil Frossard
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Geneva School of Economics and Management, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Julien Chanal
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dan Orsholits
- Swiss NCCR "LIVES - Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives", University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Rémi Radel
- Laboratoire LAMHESS, Université Côte d'Azur, France
| | - Matthieu P Boisgontier
- Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang A, Fang J, Liang F, Calhoun VD, Wang YP. Aberrant Brain Connectivity in Schizophrenia Detected via a Fast Gaussian Graphical Model. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2018; 23:1479-1489. [PMID: 29994624 DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2018.2854659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) is a chronic and severe mental disorder that affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves. It has been proposed that this disorder is related to disrupted brain connectivity, which has been verified by many studies. With the development of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), further exploration of brain connectivity was made possible. Region-based networks are commonly used for mapping brain connectivity. However, they fail to illustrate the connectivity within regions of interest (ROIs) and lose precise location information. Voxel-based networks provide higher precision, but are difficult to construct and interpret due to the high dimensionality of the data. In this paper, we adopt a novel high-dimensional Gaussian graphical model - ψ-learning method, which can help ease computational burden and provide more accurate inference for the underlying networks. This method has been proven to be an equivalent measure of the partial correlation coefficient and, thus, is flexible for network comparison through statistical tests. The fMRI data we used were collected by the mind clinical imaging consortium using an auditory task in which there are 92 SZ patients and 116 healthy controls. We compared the networks at three different scales by using global measurements, community structure, and edge-wise comparisons within the networks. Our results reveal, at the highest voxel resolution, sets of distinct aberrant patterns for the SZ patients, and more precise local structures are provided within ROIs for further investigation.
Collapse
|
10
|
Rieger K, Rarra MH, Moor N, Diaz Hernandez L, Baenninger A, Razavi N, Dierks T, Hubl D, Koenig T. Neurofeedback-Based Enhancement of Single Trial Auditory Evoked Potentials: Feasibility in Healthy Subjects. Clin EEG Neurosci 2018; 49:79-92. [PMID: 28516807 DOI: 10.1177/1550059417708935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies showed a global reduction of the event-related potential component N100 in patients with schizophrenia, a phenomenon that is even more pronounced during auditory verbal hallucinations. This reduction assumingly results from dysfunctional activation of the primary auditory cortex by inner speech, which reduces its responsiveness to external stimuli. With this study, we tested the feasibility of enhancing the responsiveness of the primary auditory cortex to external stimuli with an upregulation of the event-related potential component N100 in healthy control subjects. A total of 15 healthy subjects performed 8 double-sessions of EEG-neurofeedback training over 2 weeks. The results of the used linear mixed effect model showed a significant active learning effect within sessions ( t = 5.99, P < .001) against an unspecific habituation effect that lowered the N100 amplitude over time. Across sessions, a significant increase in the passive condition ( t = 2.42, P = .03), named as carry-over effect, was observed. Given that the carry-over effect is one of the ultimate aims of neurofeedback, it seems reasonable to apply this neurofeedback training protocol to influence the N100 amplitude in patients with schizophrenia. This intervention could provide an alternative treatment option for auditory verbal hallucinations in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Rieger
- 1 Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,2 Center for Cognition, Learning and Memory, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Helene Rarra
- 1 Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Moor
- 1 Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Laura Diaz Hernandez
- 1 Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,2 Center for Cognition, Learning and Memory, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anja Baenninger
- 1 Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nadja Razavi
- 1 Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Dierks
- 1 Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Hubl
- 1 Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Koenig
- 1 Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,2 Center for Cognition, Learning and Memory, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pain perception in patients with chronic disorders of consciousness: What can limbic system tell us? Clin Neurophysiol 2016; 128:454-462. [PMID: 28160751 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although it is believed that patients with Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome (UWS) do not feel pain, recent neuroimaging and neurophysiologic studies have demonstrated some residual traces of nociceptive processing. METHODS To confirm this growing evidence, we evaluated 21 patients suffering from chronic disorders of consciousness (DOC) (both UWS, n=11, and Minimally Conscious State - MCS -, n=10), using an Event-Related Potential (ERP) Low-Resolution Brain Electromagnetic Tomography (LORETA) approach, based on nociceptive repeated laser stimulation (RLS). We delivered laser stimuli to the dorsum of both hands and analysed the γ-band LORETA activations and the ERP γ-power magnitude induced by laser stimulation, as well as the heart rate variability (HRV). RESULTS We found partially preserved cortical activations and ERP γ-power magnitude in all MCS and two UWS individuals. These effects were paralleled by a purposeful behaviour, and a reduced HRV concerning nociceptive stimulation, whereas the two UWS individuals showed no more than reflex behaviours, besides a strong limbic activation. CONCLUSIONS Some UWS patients may somehow perceive the affective components of nociceptive stimulation. SIGNIFICANCE The diagnosis of functional locked-in syndrome should be taken into account when dealing with DOC differential diagnosis.
Collapse
|
12
|
Holroyd CB, Umemoto A. The research domain criteria framework: The case for anterior cingulate cortex. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016; 71:418-443. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
13
|
Feroz FS, Leicht G, Steinmann S, Andreou C, Mulert C. The Time Course of Activity within the Dorsal and Rostral-Ventral Anterior Cingulate Cortex in the Emotional Stroop Task. Brain Topogr 2016; 30:30-45. [PMID: 27659288 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-016-0521-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence from neuroimaging studies suggest that emotional and cognitive processes are interrelated. Anatomical key structures in this context are the dorsal and rostral-ventral anterior cingulate cortex (dACC and rvACC). However, up to now, the time course of activations within these regions during emotion-cognition interactions has not been disentangled. In the present study, we used event-related potentials (ERP) and standardized low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA) region of interest (ROI) source localization analyses to explore the time course of neural activations within the dACC and rvACC using a modified emotional Stroop paradigm. ERP components related to Stroop conflict (N200, N450 and late negativity) were analyzed. The time course of brain activations in the dACC and rvACC was strikingly different with more pronounced initial responses in the rvACC followed by increased dACC activity mainly at the late negativity window. Moreover, emotional valence modulated the earlier N450 stage within the rvACC region with higher neural activations in the positive compared to the negative and neutral conditions. Emotional arousal modulated the late negativity stage; firstly in the significant arousal × congruence ERP effect and then the significant higher current density in the low arousal condition within the dACC. Using sLORETA source localization, substantial differences in the activation time courses in the dACC and rvACC could be found during the emotional Stroop task. We suggest that during late negativity, within the dACC, emotional arousal modulated the processing of response conflict, reflected in the correlation between the ex-Gaussian µ and the current density in the dACC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farah Shahnaz Feroz
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch (PNB), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.,Machine Learning and Signal Processing Research Group, Center for Telecommunication Research and Innovation (CeTRI), Faculty of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Gregor Leicht
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch (PNB), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Saskia Steinmann
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch (PNB), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christina Andreou
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch (PNB), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Mulert
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch (PNB), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Babiloni C, Pennica A, Del Percio C, Noce G, Cordone S, Lopez S, Berry K, Muratori C, Ferracuti S, Roma P, Correr V, Di Campli F, Gianserra L, Ciullini L, Aceti A, Soricelli A, Teti E, Viscione M, Limatola C, Onorati P, Capotosto P, Andreoni M. Antiretroviral therapy affects the z-score index of deviant cortical EEG rhythms in naïve HIV individuals. Neuroimage Clin 2016; 12:144-56. [PMID: 27408799 PMCID: PMC4933036 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Here we tested the effect of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) on deviant electroencephalographic (EEG) source activity in treatment-naïve HIV individuals. METHODS Resting state eyes-closed EEG data were recorded before and after 5 months of cART in 48 male HIV subjects, who were naïve at the study start. The EEG data were also recorded in 59 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects as a control group. Frequency bands of interest included delta, theta, alpha1, alpha2 and alpha3, based on alpha frequency peak specific to each individual. They also included beta1 (13-20 Hz) and beta2 (20-30 Hz). Low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (LORETA) estimated EEG cortical source activity in frontal, central, temporal, parietal, and occipital regions. RESULTS Before the therapy, the HIV group showed greater parietal delta source activity and lower spatially diffuse alpha source activity compared to the control group. Thus, the ratio of parietal delta and alpha3 source activity served as an EEG marker. The z-score showed a statistically deviant EEG marker (EEG +) in 50% of the HIV individuals before therapy (p < 0.05). After 5 months of cART, delta source activity decreased, and alpha3 source activity increased in the HIV subjects with EEG + (about 50% of them showed a normalized EEG marker). CONCLUSIONS This procedure detected a deviant EEG marker before therapy and its post-therapy normalization in naïve HIV single individuals. SIGNIFICANCE The parietal delta/alpha3 EEG marker may be used to monitor cART effects on brain function in such individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Babiloni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS S. Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Alfredo Pennica
- Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Susanna Cordone
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Susanna Lopez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Ketura Berry
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Ferracuti
- Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Roma
- Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Correr
- Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Campli
- Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Gianserra
- Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Ciullini
- Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Aceti
- Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Soricelli
- IRCCS SDN, Naples, Italy
- Department of Motor Sciences and Healthiness, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Teti
- Clinical Infectious Diseases, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Magdalena Viscione
- Clinical Infectious Diseases, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Limatola
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Onorati
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS S. Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Andreoni
- Clinical Infectious Diseases, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mobascher A, Diaz-Lacava A, Wagner M, Gallinat J, Wienker TF, Drichel D, Becker T, Steffens M, Dahmen N, Gründer G, Thürauf N, Kiefer F, Kornhuber J, Toliat MR, Thiele H, Nürnberg P, Steinlein O, Winterer G. Association of Common Polymorphisms in the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Alpha4 Subunit Gene with an Electrophysiological Endophenotype in a Large Population-Based Sample. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152984. [PMID: 27054571 PMCID: PMC4824511 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Variation in genes coding for nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunits affect cognitive processes and may contribute to the genetic architecture of neuropsychiatric disorders. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CHRNA4 gene that codes for the alpha4 subunit of alpha4/beta2-containing receptors have previously been implicated in aspects of (mostly visual) attention and smoking-related behavioral measures. Here we investigated the effects of six synonymous but functional CHRNA4 exon 5 SNPs on the N100 event-related potential (ERP), an electrophysiological endophenotype elicited by a standard auditory oddball. A total of N = 1,705 subjects randomly selected from the general population were studied with electroencephalography (EEG) as part of the German Multicenter Study on nicotine addiction. Two of the six variants, rs1044396 and neighboring rs1044397, were significantly associated with N100 amplitude. This effect was pronounced in females where we also observed an effect on reaction time. Sequencing of the complete exon 5 region in the population sample excluded the existence of additional/functional variants that may be responsible for the observed effects. This is the first large-scale population-based study investigation the effects of CHRNA4 SNPs on brain activity measures related to stimulus processing and attention. Our results provide further evidence that common synonymous CHRNA4 exon 5 SNPs affect cognitive processes and suggest that they also play a role in the auditory system. As N100 amplitude reduction is considered a schizophrenia-related endophenotype the SNPs studied here may also be associated with schizophrenia outcome measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. Mobascher
- Department of Psychiatry, Mainz University Hospital, Mainz, Germany
| | - A. Diaz-Lacava
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - M. Wagner
- Department of Psychiatry, Bonn University Hospital, Bonn, Germany
| | - J. Gallinat
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - T. F. Wienker
- Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - D. Drichel
- University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - T. Becker
- University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - M. Steffens
- Research Division, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - N. Dahmen
- Department of Psychiatry, Mainz University Hospital, Mainz, Germany
| | - G. Gründer
- Department of Psychiatry, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen, University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - N. Thürauf
- Department of Psychiatry, Friedrich-Alexander University, University Hospital, Erlangen- Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - F. Kiefer
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
| | - J. Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry, Friedrich-Alexander University, University Hospital, Erlangen- Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - M. R. Toliat
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - H. Thiele
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - P. Nürnberg
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - O. Steinlein
- Department of Human Genetics, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - G. Winterer
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), Charité – University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Leicht G, Vauth S, Polomac N, Andreou C, Rauh J, Mußmann M, Karow A, Mulert C. EEG-Informed fMRI Reveals a Disturbed Gamma-Band-Specific Network in Subjects at High Risk for Psychosis. Schizophr Bull 2016; 42:239-49. [PMID: 26163477 PMCID: PMC4681551 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbv092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Abnormalities of oscillatory gamma activity are supposed to reflect a core pathophysiological mechanism underlying cognitive disturbances in schizophrenia. The auditory evoked gamma-band response (aeGBR) is known to be reduced across all stages of the disease. The present study aimed to elucidate alterations of an aeGBR-specific network mediated by gamma oscillations in the high-risk state of psychosis (HRP) by means of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) informed by electroencephalography (EEG). METHODS EEG and fMRI were simultaneously recorded from 27 HRP individuals and 26 healthy controls (HC) during performance of a cognitively demanding auditory reaction task. We used single trial coupling of the aeGBR with the corresponding blood oxygen level depending response (EEG-informed fMRI). RESULTS A gamma-band-specific network was significantly lower active in HRP subjects compared with HC (random effects analysis, P < .01, Bonferroni-corrected for multiple comparisons) accompanied by a worse task performance. This network involved the bilateral auditory cortices, the thalamus and frontal brain regions including the anterior cingulate cortex, as well as the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. CONCLUSIONS For the first time we report a reduced activation of an aeGBR-specific network in HRP subjects brought forward by EEG-informed fMRI. Because the HRP reflects the clinical risk for conversion to psychotic disorders including schizophrenia and the aeGBR has repeatedly been shown to be altered in patients with schizophrenia the results of our study point towards a potential applicability of aeGBR disturbances as a marker for the prediction of transition of HRP subjects to schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Leicht
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch (PNB) and
| | - Sebastian Vauth
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch (PNB) and,These authors contributed equally to the article
| | - Nenad Polomac
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch (PNB) and
| | - Christina Andreou
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch (PNB) and
| | - Jonas Rauh
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch (PNB) and
| | - Marius Mußmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch (PNB) and
| | - Anne Karow
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Mulert
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch (PNB) and
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Leicht G, Andreou C, Polomac N, Lanig C, Schöttle D, Lambert M, Mulert C. Reduced auditory evoked gamma band response and cognitive processing deficits in first episode schizophrenia. World J Biol Psychiatry 2015; 16:387-397. [PMID: 25774562 DOI: 10.3109/15622975.2015.1017605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Gamma-band oscillations (e.g., the early auditory evoked gamma-band response, aeGBR) have been suggested to mediate cognitive and perceptual processes by driving the synchronization of local neuronal populations. Reduced aeGBR is a consistent finding in patients with schizophrenia and high-risk subjects, and has been proposed to represent an endophenotype for the illness. However, it is still unclear whether this reduction represents a deficit in sensory or cognitive processes, or a combination of the two. The present study investigated this question by manipulating the difficulty of an auditory reaction task in patients with first-episode schizophrenia and healthy controls. METHODS A 64-channel EEG was recorded in 23 patients with first-episode schizophrenia and 22 healthy controls during two conditions of an auditory reaction task: an easy condition that merely required low-level vigilance, and a difficult condition that placed significant demands on attention and working memory. RESULTS In contrast to healthy controls, patients failed to increase aeGBR power and phase-locking in the difficult condition. In patients, aeGBR power and phase-locking indices were associated with working memory deficits. CONCLUSIONS The observed results confirm the applicability of aeGBR disturbances as a stable endophenotype of schizophrenia, and suggest a cognitive, rather than sensory, deficit at their origin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Leicht
- a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch (PNB), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Christina Andreou
- a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch (PNB), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Nenad Polomac
- a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch (PNB), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Clarissa Lanig
- a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch (PNB), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Daniel Schöttle
- b Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Martin Lambert
- b Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Christoph Mulert
- a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch (PNB), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Babiloni C, Del Percio C, Capotosto P, Noce G, Infarinato F, Muratori C, Marcotulli C, Bellagamba G, Righi E, Soricelli A, Onorati P, Lupattelli T. Cortical sources of resting state electroencephalographic rhythms differ in relapsing-remitting and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Clin Neurophysiol 2015; 127:581-590. [PMID: 26111485 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2015.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Resting state electroencephalographic (EEG) rhythms are abnormal in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, but it is unclear if they can reflect different neurophysiologic abnormalities in MS sub-types (phenotypes) such as relapsing-remitting (RR) and secondary progressive (SP). METHODS We tested whether cortical sources of resting state EEG rhythms are abnormal in MS patients and differ between MS phenotypes. Resting state eyes-closed EEG activity was recorded in 36 RR, 23 SP, and 41 matched healthy subjects. EEG bands of interest were individually identified based on Transition frequency (TF), Individual alpha frequency (IAF), and Individual beta frequency (IBF). LORETA freeware estimated cortical EEG sources. RESULTS Widespread TF -4Hz (delta) and IAF (alpha) cortical sources were abnormal in the MS sub-groups compared to the control group. Furthermore, TF -4Hz sources in central, parietal, and limbic regions were higher in amplitude in the SP compared to the RR sub-group. CONCLUSION Cortical sources of resting state EEG rhythms are abnormal in MS patients at group level and differ between RR and SP sub-groups. SIGNIFICANCE Future studies should test the utility of these EEG markers in the diagnosis and management of MS clinical phenotypes and in the therapy evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Babiloni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy; IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Paolo Capotosto
- Department of Neuroscience and Imaging and Clinical Science, and ITAB, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | | | | | - Chiara Muratori
- Istituto Clinico Cardiologico (ICC), Casalpalocco, Rome, Italy
| | - Christian Marcotulli
- Department of Sciences and Medical-Surgical Biotechnology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | | | - Elena Righi
- Istituto Clinico Cardiologico (ICC), Casalpalocco, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Soricelli
- IRCCS S.D.N., Naples, Italy; Department of Studies of Institutions and Territorial Systems, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Onorati
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy; Istituto Clinico Cardiologico (ICC), Casalpalocco, Rome, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Generators and Connectivity of the Early Auditory Evoked Gamma Band Response. Brain Topogr 2015; 28:865-78. [PMID: 25926268 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-015-0434-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
High frequency oscillations in the gamma range are known to be involved in early stages of auditory information processing in terms of synchronization of brain regions, e.g., in cognitive functions. It has been shown using EEG source localisation, as well as simultaneously recorded EEG-fMRI, that the auditory evoked gamma-band response (aeGBR) is modulated by attention. In addition to auditory cortex activity a dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) generator could be involved. In the present study we investigated aeGBR magnetic fields using magnetoencephalography (MEG). We aimed to localize the aeGBR sources and its connectivity features in relation to mental effort. We investigated the aeGBR magnetic fields in 13 healthy participants using a 275-channel CTF-MEG system. The experimental paradigms were two auditory choice reaction tasks with different difficulties and demands for mental effort. We performed source localization with eLORETA and calculated the aeGBR lagged phase synchronization between bilateral auditory cortices and frontal midline structures. The eLORETA analysis revealed sources of the aeGBR within bilateral auditory cortices and in frontal midline structures of the brain including the dACC. Compared to the control condition the dACC source activity was found to be significantly stronger during the performance of the cognitively demanding task. Moreover, this task involved a significantly stronger functional connectivity between auditory cortices and dACC. In accordance with previous EEG and EEG-fMRI investigations, our study confirms an aeGBR generator in the dACC by means of MEG and suggests its involvement in the effortful processing of auditory stimuli.
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang HLS, Rau CL, Li YM, Chen YP, Yu R. Disrupted thalamic resting-state functional networks in schizophrenia. Front Behav Neurosci 2015; 9:45. [PMID: 25762911 PMCID: PMC4340165 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The thalamus plays a key role in filtering or gating information and has extensive interconnectivity with other brain regions. Recent studies provide evidence of thalamus abnormality in schizophrenia, but the resting functional networks of the thalamus in schizophrenia is still unclear. We characterize the thalamic resting-state networks (RSNs) in 72 patients with schizophrenia and 73 healthy controls, using a standard seed-based whole-brain correlation. In comparison with controls, patients exhibited enhance thalamic connectivity with bilateral precentral gyrus, dorsal medial frontal gyrus, middle occipital gyrus, and lingual gyrus. Reduced thalamic connectivity in schizophrenia was found in bilateral superior frontal gyrus, anterior cingualte cortex, inferior parietal lobe, and cerebellum. Our findings question the “disconnectivity model” of schizophrenia by showing the over-connected thalamic network during resting state in schizophrenia and highlight the thalamus as a key hub in the schizophrenic network abnormality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chi-Lun Rau
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Mei Li
- Department of Special Education, National Taiwan Normal University Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ping Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Rongjun Yu
- Department of Psychology, National University of Singapore Singapore, Singapore ; Center for Life Sciences, Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology (SINAPSE), National University of Singapore Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Babiloni C, Del Percio C, Boccardi M, Lizio R, Lopez S, Carducci F, Marzano N, Soricelli A, Ferri R, Triggiani AI, Prestia A, Salinari S, Rasser PE, Basar E, Famà F, Nobili F, Yener G, Emek-Savaş DD, Gesualdo L, Mundi C, Thompson PM, Rossini PM, Frisoni GB. Occipital sources of resting-state alpha rhythms are related to local gray matter density in subjects with amnesic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2015; 36:556-70. [PMID: 25442118 PMCID: PMC4315728 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Revised: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Occipital sources of resting-state electroencephalographic (EEG) alpha rhythms are abnormal, at the group level, in patients with amnesic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we evaluated the hypothesis that amplitude of these occipital sources is related to neurodegeneration in occipital lobe as measured by magnetic resonance imaging. Resting-state eyes-closed EEG rhythms were recorded in 45 healthy elderly (Nold), 100 MCI, and 90 AD subjects. Neurodegeneration of occipital lobe was indexed by weighted averages of gray matter density, estimated from structural MRIs. EEG rhythms of interest were alpha 1 (8-10.5 Hz) and alpha 2 (10.5-13 Hz). EEG cortical sources were estimated by low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography. Results showed a positive correlation between occipital gray matter density and amplitude of occipital alpha 1 sources in Nold, MCI, and AD subjects as a whole group (r = 0.3, p = 0.000004, N = 235). Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between the amplitude of occipital alpha 1 sources and cognitive status as revealed by Mini Mental State Examination score across all subjects (r = 0.38, p = 0.000001, N = 235). Finally, amplitude of occipital alpha 1 sources allowed a moderate classification of individual Nold and AD subjects (sensitivity: 87.8%; specificity: 66.7%; area under the receiver operating characteristic curve: 0.81). These results suggest that the amplitude of occipital sources of resting-state alpha rhythms is related to AD neurodegeneration in occipital lobe along pathologic aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Babiloni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Marina Boccardi
- LENITEM (Laboratory of Epidemiology, Neuroimaging and Telemedicine), IRCCS Centro "S. Giovanni di Dio-F.B.F.", Brescia, Italy
| | - Roberta Lizio
- Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Susanna Lopez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Carducci
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Marzano
- Department of Integrated Imaging, IRCCS SDN, Napoli, Italy
| | - Andrea Soricelli
- Department of Integrated Imaging, IRCCS SDN, Napoli, Italy; Department of Studies of Institutions and Territorial Systems, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Ferri
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Oasi Institute for Research on Mental Retardation and Brain Aging, Troina, Enna, Italy
| | | | - Annapaola Prestia
- LENITEM (Laboratory of Epidemiology, Neuroimaging and Telemedicine), IRCCS Centro "S. Giovanni di Dio-F.B.F.", Brescia, Italy
| | - Serenella Salinari
- Department of Informatics and Systems "Antonio Ruberti", University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Paul E Rasser
- Centre for Translational Neuroscience & Mental Health Research, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; Schizophrenia Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Erol Basar
- Brain Dynamics, Cognition and Complex Systems Research Center, Istanbul Kültür University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Francesco Famà
- Department of Neuroscience (DINOGMI), Clinical Neurology, University of Genoa, Italy
| | - Flavio Nobili
- Department of Neuroscience (DINOGMI), Clinical Neurology, University of Genoa, Italy
| | - Görsev Yener
- Brain Dynamics, Cognition and Complex Systems Research Center, Istanbul Kültür University, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Neurosciences, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey; Brain Dynamics Multidisciplinary Research Center, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey; Department of Neurology, Dokuz Eylül University Medical School, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Derya Durusu Emek-Savaş
- Brain Dynamics, Cognition and Complex Systems Research Center, Istanbul Kültür University, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Neurosciences, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Dipartimento Emergenza e Trapianti d'Organi (D.E.T.O), University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Ciro Mundi
- Department of Neurology, Ospedali Riuniti, Foggia, Italy
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Department of Neurology & Psychiatry, Imaging Genetics Center, Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paolo M Rossini
- Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; Department of Geriatrics, Neuroscience & Orthopedics, Institute of Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni B Frisoni
- LENITEM (Laboratory of Epidemiology, Neuroimaging and Telemedicine), IRCCS Centro "S. Giovanni di Dio-F.B.F.", Brescia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhou FC, Xiang YT, Wang CY, Dickerson F, Kreyenbuhl J, Ungvari GS, Au RWC, Zhou JJ, Zhou Y, Shum D, Man D, Lai KYC, Tang WK, Yu X, Chiu HFK. Predictive value of prospective memory for remission in first-episode schizophrenia. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2014; 50:102-10. [PMID: 24308894 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Revised: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The study examined the rate of remission in individuals experiencing a first episode of schizophrenia (FES) in China and explored predictors of remission in the acute phase of the illness. DESIGN AND METHODS Fifty-five FES patients were randomly treated with risperidone, olanzapine, or aripiprazole at therapeutic doses for 8 weeks, and their clinical profiles and cognition were assessed using standardized assessment instruments at entry and the end of the study. FINDINGS Of the 55 patients, 30 (54.5%) remitted by the end of the 8-week study. In univariate analyses, shorter duration of untreated psychosis, higher scores on both the time-based prospective memory (TBPM) and event-based prospective memory tasks and the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-revised, and less severe negative symptoms were significantly associated with remission. In stepwise multiple logistic regression analyses, only higher scores on the TBPM significantly predicted remission. Individuals having higher scores reflecting better TBPM at baseline were more likely to achieve remission after 8 weeks of optimized antipsychotic treatment. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS TPBM may be useful in helping clinicians identify those FES patients most likely to achieve a favorable treatment response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Chun Zhou
- Beijing Anding Hospital; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Mood Disorders Centre; Beijing Anding Hospital; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
- Department of Psychiatry; Chinese University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Chuan-Yue Wang
- Beijing Anding Hospital; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - Faith Dickerson
- The Stanley Research Program at Sheppard Pratt; Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Julie Kreyenbuhl
- Research Core; Veterans Administration Capitol Healthcare Network (VISN 5) Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC)
- Division of Services Research; Department of Psychiatry; University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Gabor S. Ungvari
- School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences; University of Western Australia; Perth Western Australia Australia
- University of Notre Dame Australia/Marian Centre; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Raymond W. C. Au
- Department of Psychiatry; Chinese University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Jing-Jing Zhou
- Beijing Anding Hospital; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Beijing Anding Hospital; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - David Shum
- School of Applied Psychology and Griffith Health Institute; Griffith University; Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - David Man
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences; Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Kelly Y. C. Lai
- Department of Psychiatry; Chinese University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Wai-Kwong Tang
- Department of Psychiatry; Chinese University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Xin Yu
- Peking University Institute of Mental Health; Beijing China
| | - Helen F. K. Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry; Chinese University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Rihs TA, Tomescu MI, Britz J, Rochas V, Custo A, Schneider M, Debbané M, Eliez S, Michel CM. Altered auditory processing in frontal and left temporal cortex in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: a group at high genetic risk for schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2013; 212:141-9. [PMID: 23137800 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2012.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Revised: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In order to investigate electroencephalographic (EEG) biomarkers of auditory processing for schizophrenia, we studied a group with a well known high-risk profile: patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11 DS) have a 30% risk of developing schizophrenia during adulthood. We performed high-density EEG source imaging to measure auditory gating of the P50 component of the evoked potential and middle to late latency auditory processing in 21 participants with the 22q11.2 deletion and 17 age-matched healthy controls. While we found no indication of altered P50 suppression in 22q11 DS, we observed marked differences for the first N1 component with increased amplitudes on central electrodes, corresponding to increased activations in dorsal anterior cingulate and medial frontal cortex. We also found a left lateralized reduction of activation of primary and secondary auditory cortex during the second N1 (120ms) and the P2 component in 22q11 DS. Our results show that sensory gating and activations until 50ms were preserved in 22q11 DS, while impairments appear at latencies that correspond to higher order auditory processing. While the increased activation of cingulate and medial frontal cortex could reflect developmental changes in 22q11 DS, the reduced activity seen in left auditory cortex might serve as a biomarker for the development of schizophrenia, if confirmed by longitudinal research protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tonia A Rihs
- Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Neuhaus AH, Popescu FC, Bates JA, Goldberg TE, Malhotra AK. Single-subject classification of schizophrenia using event-related potentials obtained during auditory and visual oddball paradigms. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2013; 263:241-7. [PMID: 22584805 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-012-0326-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In the search for the biomarkers of schizophrenia, event-related potential (ERP) deficits obtained by applying the classic oddball paradigm are among the most consistent findings. However, the single-subject classification rate based on these parameters remains to be determined. Here, we present a data-driven approach by applying machine learning classifiers to relevant oddball ERPs. Twenty-four schizophrenic patients and 24 matched healthy controls finished auditory and visual oddball tasks while high-density electrophysiological recordings were applied. The N1 component in response to standards and target as well as the P3 component following targets were submitted to different machine learning algorithms and the resulting ERP features were submitted to further correlation analyses. We obtained a classification accuracy of 72.4 % using only two ERP components. Latencies of parietal N1 components to visual standard stimuli at electrode positions Pz and P1 were sufficient for classification. Further analysis revealed a high correlation of these features in controls and an intermediate correlation in schizophrenia patients. These data exemplarily show how automated inference may be applied to classify a pathological state in single subjects without prior knowledge of their diagnoses and illustrate the potential of machine learning algorithms for the identification of potential biomarkers. Moreover, this approach assesses the discriminative accuracy of one of the most consistent findings in schizophrenia research by means of single-subject classification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andres H Neuhaus
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Eschenallee 3, 14050 Berlin, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Nicotine effects on anterior cingulate cortex in schizophrenia and healthy smokers as revealed by EEG-informed fMRI. Psychiatry Res 2012; 204:168-77. [PMID: 23137805 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2012.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Revised: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 09/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nicotine can have beneficial effects on attention performance and corresponding brain function in both schizophrenia patients and healthy controls, but it remains controversial whether nicotine affects brain function differentially in patients vs. controls. The effects of nicotine on brain activity elicited by attention-requiring oddball-type tasks have not been studied in schizophrenia patients. In this study we sought to investigate the impact of nicotine on the p300 evoked potential component and corresponding fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) activation measures in schizophrenia patients and controls. Applying a double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over design, the effects of 1mg nasal nicotine on brain activity elicited by a visual oddball-type task in N=14 schizophrenia and N=15 control smokers were studied with simultaneous EEG-fMRI. EEG single trial amplitudes were used to inform the fMRI analysis. We found a nicotine-associated increase in P300-informed fMRI activation in schizophrenia patients and controls, mainly in the anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex. No group differences in the response to nicotine were found. Remarkably, averaged EEG and fMRI activation measures considered in isolation were largely unaffected by nicotine. Taken together, the effects of nicotine on P300 amplitude-associated brain activation do not seem to be fundamentally different in schizophrenic smokers and healthy controls.
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhou FC, Xiang YT, Wang CY, Dickerson F, Au RWC, Zhou JJ, Zhou Y, Shum DHK, Chiu HFK, Man D, Lee EHM, Yu X, Chan RCK, Ungvari GS. Characteristics and clinical correlates of prospective memory performance in first-episode schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2012; 135:34-9. [PMID: 22222379 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2011.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2011] [Revised: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 12/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine prospective memory (PM) and its socio-demographic, clinical, and neurocognitive correlates in first episode schizophrenia (FES). METHODS Fifty-one FES patients and 42 healthy controls formed the study sample. Time- and event-based PM (TBPM and EBPM) performance were measured with the Chinese version of the Cambridge Prospective Memory Test (C-CAMPROMPT). A battery of neuropsychological tests was also administered. Patients' clinical symptoms were evaluated with the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS). RESULTS Patients performed significantly worse in both TBPM (8.7 ± 5.3 vs. 14.8 ± 3.5) and EBPM (11.3 ± 4.7 vs. 15.7 ± 2.7) than the controls. After controlling for age, gender, education level and neurocognitive test score, the difference in performance on the two types of PM tasks between patients and controls was no longer present. In multiple linear regression analyses, longer duration of untreated psychosis (DUP), lower scores of the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HVLT-R) and the categories completed of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST-CC) and higher score of the Color Trails Test-2 (CTT-2) contributed to poorer TBPM performance, while lower score of HVLT-R, higher score of the perseverative errors of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST-PE) and longer DUP contributed to worse performance on EBPM. CONCLUSIONS Both subtypes of PM are impaired in first-episode schizophrenia suggesting that PM deficits are an integral part of the cognitive dysfunction in the disease process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Chun Zhou
- Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Weston C. Another major function of the anterior cingulate cortex: The representation of requirements. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2012; 36:90-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2010] [Revised: 04/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
28
|
Tanaka H, Arai M, Harada M, Hozumi A, Hirata K. Cognition and event-related potentials in adult-onset non-demented myotonic dystrophy type 1. Clin Neurophysiol 2011; 123:261-9. [PMID: 21741303 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2011.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2010] [Revised: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To clarify the cognitive and event-related potentials (ERPs) profiles of adult-onset genetically-proven non-demented myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1). METHODS Fourteen DM1 patients and matched 14 normal controls were enrolled. DM1 patients were compared with normal controls, using a variety of neuropsychological tests; an auditory "oddball" counting paradigm for the ERPs, and low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (LORETA). For patients, ERPs and neuropsychological parameters were correlated with CTG repeat size, duration of illness, grip strength, and arterial blood gas analysis. RESULTS Frontal lobe dysfunction, prolonged N1 latency, and attenuated N2/P3 amplitudes were observed in DM1. Longer CTG repeat size was associated with fewer categories achieved on Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. Greater grip strength was associated with better scores on color-word "interference" of Stroop test. P3 latency was negatively correlated with PaO(2). LORETA revealed significant hypoactivities at the orbitofrontal and medial temporal lobe, cingulate, and insula. There was no correlation between ERPs and CTG expansion. CONCLUSIONS Adult-onset non-demented DM1 presented frontal lobe dysfunction. Absence of correlations between CTG repeat size and objective ERP parameters suggested CTG expansion in lymphocytes does not directly contribute to cognitive dysfunction. SIGNIFICANCE CTG expansion in lymphocytes does not directly contribute to cognitive dysfunction of adult-onset non-demented DM1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Tanaka
- Department of Neurology, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Finke M, Barceló F, Garolera M, Cortiñas M, Garrido G, Pajares M, Escera C. Impaired preparatory re-mapping of stimulus–response associations and rule-implementation in schizophrenic patients—The role for differences in early processing. Biol Psychol 2011; 87:358-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2011.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2010] [Revised: 03/03/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
30
|
Leicht G, Karch S, Karamatskos E, Giegling I, Möller HJ, Hegerl U, Pogarell O, Rujescu D, Mulert C. Alterations of the early auditory evoked gamma-band response in first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia: hints to a new intermediate phenotype. J Psychiatr Res 2011; 45:699-705. [PMID: 21067772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2010] [Revised: 09/14/2010] [Accepted: 10/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing evidence of abnormalities of high-frequency oscillations in the gamma-range of the electroencephalography in schizophrenia. The generation of neural activity in the gamma-band was shown to be critically related to a glutamatergic and GABAergic microcircuit which is also known to be involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Recently, a reduction of the early auditory evoked gamma-band response (eGBR) in schizophrenic patients was reported. In order to investigate the possible applicability of this neurophysiological marker as an intermediate phenotype for schizophrenia, this is the main question of our investigation: Is the early eGBR decreased regarding evoked power and phase locking in first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia? METHODS We investigated the early eGBR in 17 unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia and in age-, gender- and education-matched groups of schizophrenic patients and healthy controls using an auditory reaction task. RESULTS First-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia and schizophrenic patients showed a significant reduction of evoked power and phase locking of the early eGBR compared to healthy controls. CONCLUSION This study shows significantly reduced evoked power and phase locking of the early auditory eGBR in first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia pointing to the applicability of this marker as a heritable intermediate phenotype for schizophrenia. The findings are in line with the hypothesis of a disturbed GABAergic interneural modulation of pyramidal cells in schizophrenia and findings of different schizophrenia risk genes associated with transmission at glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Leicht
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch (PNB), Hamburg, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Mittermeier V, Leicht G, Karch S, Hegerl U, Möller HJ, Pogarell O, Mulert C. Attention to emotion: auditory-evoked potentials in an emotional choice reaction task and personality traits as assessed by the NEO FFI. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2011; 261:111-20. [PMID: 20661744 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-010-0127-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2009] [Accepted: 07/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Several studies suggest that attention to emotional content is related to specific changes in central information processing. In particular, event-related potential (ERP) studies focusing on emotion recognition in pictures and faces or word processing have pointed toward a distinct component of the visual-evoked potential, the EPN ('early posterior negativity'), which has been shown to be related to attention to emotional content. In the present study, we were interested in the existence of a corresponding ERP component in the auditory modality and a possible relationship with the personality dimension extraversion-introversion, as assessed by the NEO Five-Factors Inventory. We investigated 29 healthy subjects using three types of auditory choice tasks: (1) the distinction of syllables with emotional intonation, (2) the identification of the emotional content of adjectives and (3) a purely cognitive control task. Compared with the cognitive control task, emotional paradigms using auditory stimuli evoked an EPN component with a distinct peak after 170 ms (EPN 170). Interestingly, subjects with high scores in the personality trait extraversion showed significantly higher EPN amplitudes for emotional paradigms (syllables and words) than introverted subjects.
Collapse
|
32
|
Sabeti M, Moradi E, Katebi S. Analysis of Neural Sources of P300 Event-Related Potential in Normal and Schizophrenic Participants. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2011; 696:589-97. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-7046-6_60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
|
33
|
Neuhaus AH, Karl C, Hahn E, Trempler NR, Opgen-Rhein C, Urbanek C, Hahn C, Ta TMT, Dettling M. Dissection of early bottom-up and top-down deficits during visual attention in schizophrenia. Clin Neurophysiol 2011; 122:90-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2010.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2010] [Revised: 04/19/2010] [Accepted: 06/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
34
|
Neuhaus AH, Popescu FC, Grozea C, Hahn E, Hahn C, Opgen-Rhein C, Urbanek C, Dettling M. Single-subject classification of schizophrenia by event-related potentials during selective attention. Neuroimage 2010; 55:514-21. [PMID: 21182969 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Executive dysfunction has repeatedly been proposed as a robust and promising substrate of analytical approaches in the research of neurocognitive markers of schizophrenia. Here, we present a mixed model- and data-driven classification approach by applying a task that targets executive dysfunction in schizophrenia and by investigating relevant event-related potential (ERP) features with machine learning classifiers. METHODS Forty schizophrenic patients and forty matched healthy controls completed the Attention Network Test while an electroencephalogram was recorded. Target-locked N1 and P3 ERP components were constructed and submitted to different classification analyses without a priori hypotheses. Standardized source localization was applied to estimate neural sources of N1 and P3 deficits in schizophrenia. RESULTS We obtained a classification accuracy of 79% using only very few ERP components. Central P3 components following compatible and incompatible trials and right parietal N1 latencies averaged across targets and were sufficient for classification. P3 deficits were associated with anterior cingulate cortex dysfunction, while right posterior current density deficits were observed in schizophrenia during the N1 time frame. CONCLUSIONS The data exemplarily show how automated inference may be applied to classify a pathological state in single subjects without prior knowledge of their diagnoses. While classification accuracy may be optimized by application of other executive paradigms, this approach illustrates the potential of machine learning algorithms for the identification of biomarkers that are independent of clinical assessments. Conversely, data suggest a pathophysiological mechanism that includes early visual and late executive deficits during response inhibition in schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andres H Neuhaus
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Rametti G, Junqué C, Bartrés-Faz D, Zubiaurre-Elorza L, Catalán R, Penadés R, Bargalló N, Bernardo M. Anterior cingulate and paracingulate sulci morphology in patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2010; 121:66-74. [PMID: 20547448 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2010.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2009] [Revised: 04/11/2010] [Accepted: 05/16/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The anterior cingulate cortex is a cerebral region engaged in several emotional and cognitive functions. The aim of this study was to investigate possible anterior cingulate and paracingulate sulcal abnormalities in schizophrenia. Twenty-three patients with DSM-IV diagnoses of schizophrenia were compared with 23 healthy subjects matched for age, gender, and parental socioeconomic status. Magnetic resonance images were used to explore the morphology of these regions, with volume and maximum depth being measured by an automated method of sulcal recognition. Additionally, voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was performed to analyze possible reduction in gray and white matter of the anterior cingulate region. A smaller volume of the left anterior cingulate sulcus (ACS) was observed in patients with schizophrenia when compared with healthy controls. Furthermore, female patients showed a reduction in volume of the left ACS and an increase of the right paracingulate sulcus (PCS) compared to female controls. There was also a significant relationship between the depth of right PCS and neuroleptic exposure. VBM analysis showed a reduction in left anterior cingulate gray matter. These findings provide further evidence of left anterior middle frontal cortex abnormalities in schizophrenia. In addition, the results suggest gender differences in the structural abnormalities of the illness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Rametti
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
McAllindon DP, Wilman AH, Purdon SE, Tibbo PG. Functional magnetic resonance imaging of choice reaction time in chronic schizophrenia and first-degree relatives. Schizophr Res 2010; 120:232-3. [PMID: 20153139 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2010.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2009] [Revised: 01/11/2010] [Accepted: 01/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
37
|
Reduced early auditory evoked gamma-band response in patients with schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 2010; 67:224-31. [PMID: 19765689 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2009] [Revised: 07/15/2009] [Accepted: 07/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing evidence for abnormalities of certain gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic interneurons and their interaction with glutamatergic pyramidal cells in schizophrenia. These interneurons are critically involved in generating neural activity in the gamma-band (30-100 Hz) of the electroencephalogram. One example of such gamma oscillations is the early auditory evoked gamma-band response (GBR). Although auditory processing is obviously disturbed in schizophrenia, there is no direct evidence providing a reduced early auditory evoked GBR so far. We addressed two questions: 1) Is the early auditory evoked GBR decreased regarding power and phase-locking in schizophrenic patients?; and 2) Is this possible decrease a result of reduced activity in the auditory cortex and/or the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), which were identified as sources of the GBR previously? METHODS We investigated the early auditory evoked GBR and its sources in the ACC and the auditory cortex in 90 medicated patients with schizophrenia and in age-, gender-, and education-matched healthy control subjects with an auditory reaction task. RESULTS Patients with schizophrenia showed a significant reduction of power and phase-locking of the early auditory evoked GBR. This effect was due to a reduced activity in the auditory cortex and the ACC/medial frontal gyrus region (low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography analysis). CONCLUSIONS Generally, these findings are in line with earlier reports on the impaired ability of schizophrenic patients in generating gamma activity. In addition, this is the first study to demonstrate disturbance of gamma activity in auditory processing as assessed by the early auditory GBR power.
Collapse
|
38
|
Event-related components of the punishment and reward sensitivity. Clin Neurophysiol 2010; 121:60-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2009.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2009] [Revised: 09/16/2009] [Accepted: 10/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
39
|
Lippé S, Martinez-Montes E, Arcand C, Lassonde M. Electrophysiological study of auditory development. Neuroscience 2009; 164:1108-18. [PMID: 19665050 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.07.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2007] [Revised: 05/18/2009] [Accepted: 07/18/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
40
|
Ertl M, Kirsch V, Leicht G, Karch S, Olbrich S, Reiser M, Hegerl U, Pogarell O, Mulert C. Avoiding the ballistocardiogram (BCG) artifact of EEG data acquired simultaneously with fMRI by pulse-triggered presentation of stimuli. J Neurosci Methods 2009; 186:231-41. [PMID: 19931564 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2009.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2009] [Revised: 11/09/2009] [Accepted: 11/10/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Simultaneous acquisition of electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data could offer a much deeper understanding of brain function, e.g. in the analysis of tempo-spatial dynamics of brain activity in cognitive processing. However, more sophisticated analysis methods such as single-trial coupling of EEG and fMRI are often handicapped by the limited quality of EEGs acquired in the MRI scanner. In particular, the ballistocardiogram (BCG) artifact is still a relevant problem. Methods that are currently available typically remove the BCG artifact either in post-recording or real-time signal processing. Here, we would like to suggest a new strategy to avoid BCG artifacts during data acquisition. In our proposal, stimuli are presented pulse-triggered (PT), thus avoiding interference of BCG artifacts with the evoked potentials investigated during EEG recording. This method is based on the observation that the main influence of the BCG artifact is generally limited to the time interval of 150-500 ms post-QRS complex. Based on real measurements, we simulated different signal presentation methods relative to the onset of the BCG artifact for 14 subjects. Stimuli were either presented independently of the BCG artifact or pulse-triggered at fixed time-points (280 ms, 480 ms and 680 ms post-QRS complex) and with a jitter (short: 120 ms or long: 240 ms). In combination with an averaged artifact subtraction method signal distortion was reduced at best by 47%.
Collapse
|
41
|
Neuhaus AH, Opgen-Rhein C, Urbanek C, Gross M, Hahn E, Ta TMT, Koehler S, Dettling M. Spatiotemporal mapping of sex differences during attentional processing. Hum Brain Mapp 2009; 30:2997-3008. [PMID: 19172632 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional neuroimaging studies have increasingly aimed at approximating neural substrates of human cognitive sex differences elicited by visuospatial challenge. It has been suggested that females and males use different behaviorally relevant neurocognitive strategies. In females, greater right prefrontal cortex activation has been found in several studies. The spatiotemporal dynamics of neural events associated with these sex differences is still unclear. We studied 22 female and 22 male participants matched for age, education, and nicotine with 29-channel-electroencephalogram recorded under a visual selective attention paradigm, the Attention Network Test. Visual event-related potentials (ERP) were topographically analyzed and neuroelectric sources were estimated. In absence of behavioral differences, ERP analysis revealed a novel frontal-occipital second peak of visual N100 that was significantly increased in females relative to males. Further, in females exclusively, a corresponding central ERP component at around 220 ms was found; here, a strong correlation between stimulus salience and sex difference of the central ERP component amplitude was observed. Subsequent source analysis revealed increased cortical current densities in right rostral prefrontal (BA 10) and occipital cortex (BA 19) in female subjects. This is the first study to report on a tripartite association between sex differences in ERPs, visual stimulus salience, and right prefrontal cortex activation during attentional processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andres H Neuhaus
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Slobounov S, Cao C, Jaiswal N, Newell KM. Neural basis of postural instability identified by VTC and EEG. Exp Brain Res 2009; 199:1-16. [PMID: 19655130 PMCID: PMC2942764 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-009-1956-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2009] [Accepted: 07/16/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the neural basis of virtual time to contact (VTC) and the hypothesis that VTC provides predictive information for future postural instability. A novel approach to differentiate stable pre-falling and transition-to-instability stages within a single postural trial while a subject was performing a challenging single leg stance with eyes closed was developed. Specifically, we utilized wavelet transform and stage segmentation algorithms using VTC time series data set as an input. The VTC time series was time-locked with multichannel (n = 64) EEG signals to examine its underlying neural substrates. To identify the focal sources of neural substrates of VTC, a two-step approach was designed combining the independent component analysis (ICA) and low-resolution tomography (LORETA) of multichannel EEG. There were two major findings: (1) a significant increase of VTC minimal values (along with enhanced variability of VTC) was observed during the transition-to-instability stage with progression to ultimate loss of balance and falling; and (2) this VTC dynamics was associated with pronounced modulation of EEG predominantly within theta, alpha and gamma frequency bands. The sources of this EEG modulation were identified at the cingulate cortex (ACC) and the junction of precuneus and parietal lobe, as well as at the occipital cortex. The findings support the hypothesis that the systematic increase of minimal values of VTC concomitant with modulation of EEG signals at the frontal-central and parietal-occipital areas serve collectively to predict the future instability in posture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Semyon Slobounov
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, 268 Recreation Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Mathalon DH, Jorgensen KW, Roach BJ, Ford JM. Error detection failures in schizophrenia: ERPs and FMRI. Int J Psychophysiol 2009; 73:109-17. [PMID: 19414043 PMCID: PMC4005823 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2009.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2009] [Revised: 02/01/2009] [Accepted: 02/25/2009] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Self-monitoring of actions, critical for guiding goal-directed behavior, is deficient in schizophrenia. Defective error-monitoring may reflect more general self-monitoring deficiencies. Prior studies have shown that the error-related negativity (ERN) component of the event-related potential (ERP) is smaller in patients with schizophrenia. Other studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) have shown the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), both critical for error detection, to be less responsive to errors in patients with schizophrenia. In the present study, both ERP and FMRI data were collected while 11 patients with schizophrenia and 10 healthy controls performed a Go-NoGo task requiring a button press to Xs (p=.88) while withholding responses to Ks (p=.12). We measured the ERN and ACC and DLPFC activations to false alarms. The task elicited a robust ERN and modest activations in ACC and DLPFC to false alarms. As expected, ERN was larger in controls than patients. However, ACC and DLPFC activations were not greater in controls than patients. Surprisingly, DLPFC was more activated by errors in patients than controls. ERPs may be superior to fMRI for assessing error processing abnormalities in schizophrenia because (1) ERNs can be measured precisely without needing to control for the multiple comparisons of FMRI, and (2) ERPs have the temporal precision to detect transient activity necessary for error detection and on-the-fly behavioral adjustments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H Mathalon
- Psychiatry Service, San Francisco VA Medical Center, and Department of Psychiatry, University of California-San Francisco, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Babiloni C, Pievani M, Vecchio F, Geroldi C, Eusebi F, Fracassi C, Fletcher E, De Carli C, Boccardi M, Rossini PM, Frisoni GB. White-matter lesions along the cholinergic tracts are related to cortical sources of EEG rhythms in amnesic mild cognitive impairment. Hum Brain Mapp 2009; 30:1431-43. [PMID: 19097164 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Does impairment of cholinergic systems represent an important factor in the development of amnesic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), as a preclinical stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD)? Here we tested the hypothesis that electroencephalographic (EEG) rhythms, known to be modulated by the cholinergic system, may be particularly affected in aMCI patients with lesions along the cholinergic white-matter tracts. Eyes-closed resting EEG data were recorded in 28 healthy elderly (Nold) and 57 aMCI patients. Lesions along the cholinergic white-matter tracts were detected with fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequences on magnetic resonance imaging. The estimation of the cholinergic lesion was performed with a validated semi-automatic algorithm pipeline after registration to a stereotactic template, image integration with stereotactic masks of the cholinergic tracts, and normalization to intracranial volume. The aMCI patients were divided into two groups of high (MCI Ch+; N = 29; MMSE = 26.2) and low cholinergic damage (MCI Ch-; N = 28; MMSE = 26.6). EEG rhythms of interest were delta (2-4 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), alpha 1 (8-10.5 Hz), alpha 2 (10.5-13 Hz), beta 1 (13-20 Hz), and beta 2 (20-30 Hz). Cortical EEG generators were estimated by LORETA software. As main results, (i) power of occipital, parietal, temporal, and limbic alpha 1 sources was maximum in Nold, intermediate in MCI Ch-, and low in MCI Ch+ patients; (ii) the same trend was true in theta sources. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that damage to the cholinergic system is associated with alterations of EEG sources in aMCI subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Babiloni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Buján A, Lindín M, Díaz F. Movement related cortical potentials in a face naming task: Influence of the tip-of-the-tongue state. Int J Psychophysiol 2009; 72:235-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2008] [Revised: 12/22/2008] [Accepted: 12/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
46
|
Doege K, Bates AT, White TP, Das D, Boks MP, Liddle PF. Reduced event-related low frequency EEG activity in schizophrenia during an auditory oddball task. Psychophysiology 2009; 46:566-77. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00785.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
47
|
Babiloni C, Frisoni GB, Del Percio C, Zanetti O, Bonomini C, Cassetta E, Pasqualetti P, Miniussi C, De Rosas M, Valenzano A, Cibelli G, Eusebi F, Rossini PM. Ibuprofen treatment modifies cortical sources of EEG rhythms in mild Alzheimer's disease. Clin Neurophysiol 2009; 120:709-18. [PMID: 19324592 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2009.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2008] [Revised: 01/12/2009] [Accepted: 02/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen have a protective role on risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here we evaluated the hypothesis that long-term ibuprofen treatment affects cortical sources of resting electroencephalographic (EEG) rhythms in mild AD patients. METHODS Twenty-three AD patients (13 treated AD IBUPROFEN; 10 untreated AD PLACEBO) were enrolled. Resting EEG data were recorded before and 1 year after the ibuprofen/placebo treatment. EEG rhythms were delta (2-4 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), alpha 1 (8-10.5 Hz), alpha 2 (10.5-13 Hz), beta 1 (13-20 Hz), and beta 2 (20-30 Hz). LORETA was used for EEG source analysis. RESULTS In the AD PLACEBO group, amplitude of delta sources was globally greater at follow-up than baseline. Instead, amplitude of delta sources remained stable or decreased in the majority of the AD IBUPROFEN patients. Clinical (CDR) but not global cognitive status (MMSE) reflected EEG results. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that in mild AD patients, a long-term ibuprofen treatment slightly slows down the progressive increment of delta rhythms as a sign of contrast against the neurodegenerative processes. SIGNIFICANCE They motivate future investigations with larger population and extended neuropsychological testing, to study the relationships among ibuprofen treatment, delta cortical sources, and higher order functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Babiloni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 7, Foggia I-71100, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Babiloni C, Sarà M, Vecchio F, Pistoia F, Sebastiano F, Onorati P, Albertini G, Pasqualetti P, Cibelli G, Buffo P, Rossini PM. Cortical sources of resting-state alpha rhythms are abnormal in persistent vegetative state patients. Clin Neurophysiol 2009; 120:719-29. [PMID: 19299197 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2009.02.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2008] [Revised: 02/10/2009] [Accepted: 02/11/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE High power of pre-stimulus cortical alpha rhythms (about 8-12 Hz) underlies conscious perception in normal subjects. Here we tested the hypothesis that these rhythms are abnormal in persistent vegetative state (PVS) patients, who are awake but not aware of self and environment. METHODS Clinical and resting-state, eyes-closed electroencephalographic (EEG) data were taken from a clinical archive. These data were recorded in 50 PVS subjects (level of cognitive functioning--LCF score: I-II) and in 30 cognitively normal subjects. Rhythms of interest were delta (2-4 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), alpha 1 (8-10.5 Hz), alpha 2 (10.5-13 Hz), beta 1 (13-20 Hz), and beta 2 (20-30 Hz). Cortical sources were estimated by low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (LORETA). Based on LCF score at 3-months follow-up, PVS patients were retrospectively divided into three groups: 30 subjects who did not recover (NON-REC patients; follow-up LCF: I-II), 8 subjects classified as minimally conscious state patients (MCS patients; follow-up LCF: III-IV), and 12 subjects who recovered (REC patients; follow-up LCF: V-VIII). RESULTS Occipital source power of alpha 1 and alpha 2 was high in normal subjects, low in REC patients, and practically null in NON-REC patients. A Cox regression analysis showed that the power of alpha source predicted the rate of the follow up recovery, namely the higher its power, the higher the chance to recover consciousness. Furthermore, the MCS patients showed intermediate values of occipital alpha source power between REC and NON-REC patients. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that cortical sources of alpha rhythms are related to the chance of recovery at a 3-months follow-up in patients in persistent vegetative state. SIGNIFICANCE Cortical sources of resting alpha rhythms might predict recovery in PVS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Babiloni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Foggia, V.le Pinto 1, 71100 Foggia, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Reduced auditory evoked potential component N100 in schizophrenia--a critical review. Psychiatry Res 2008; 161:259-74. [PMID: 18926573 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2008.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2007] [Revised: 09/10/2007] [Accepted: 03/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The role of a reduced N100 (or N1) component of the auditory event related potential as a potential trait marker of schizophrenia is critically discussed in this review. We suggest that the extent of the N100 amplitude reduction in schizophrenia depends on experimental and subject factors, as well as on clinical variables: N100 is more consistently reduced in studies using interstimulus intervals (ISIs) >1 s than in studies using shorter ISIs. An increase of the N100 amplitude by allocation of attention is often lacking in schizophrenia patients. A reduction of the N100 amplitude is nevertheless also observed when such an allocation is not required, proposing that both endogenous and exogenous constituents of the N100 are affected by schizophrenia. N100 is more consistently reduced in medicated than unmedicated patients, but a reduction of the N100 amplitude as a consequence of antipsychotic medication was shown in only two of seven studies. In line with that, the association between the N100 reduction and degree of psychopathology of patients appears to be weak overall. A reduced N100 amplitude is found in first degree relatives of schizophrenia patients, but the risk of developing schizophrenia is not reflected in the N100 amplitude reduction.
Collapse
|
50
|
Andersen SB, Moore RA, Venables L, Corr PJ. Electrophysiological correlates of anxious rumination. Int J Psychophysiol 2008; 71:156-69. [PMID: 18848849 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2008] [Accepted: 09/08/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
EEG coherence and EEG power response were recorded as 63 participants engaged in one of three experimental conditions: 'personal rumination', 'nominal rumination', and 'baseline counting'. The rumination conditions were separated by a neutral (counting) task to eliminate neural carry-over effects. For personal rumination, participants spent 2 min ruminating about something in their life about which they were in two minds (i.e., in a state of personal conflict). For nominal rumination, they were presented with a conflict scenario (concerning buying a car) and instructed to ruminate about that for 2 min. The baseline counting task simply involved counting forwards from 1 at a speed comfortable to the individual. Participants completed various questionnaires to measure mood and also traits of personality (including trait anxiety). EEG data were analysed in the following wavebands: 4-6 Hz, 6-8 Hz, 8-10 Hz, 10-12 Hz, 12-20 Hz and 20-30 Hz. Results revealed that the scalp-wide EEG theta (4-6 Hz and 6-8 Hz) coherence associated with personal rumination was significantly greater than that associated with nominal rumination and baseline counting. Similarly, the scalp-wide 6-8 Hz and parietal-occipital 4-6 Hz power associated with personal rumination were significantly greater than power associated with the nominal rumination and power for baseline counting. For alpha, the 10-12 Hz scalp-wide EEG coherence associated with personal rumination was significantly greater than that associated with baseline counting. Otherwise, the scalp-wide 10-12 Hz power related to both nominal rumination and personal rumination were significantly greater than in response to baseline counting. For 20-30 Hz scalp-wide EEG power, data in response to the nominal rumination condition were significantly increased compared to data associated with the baseline counting condition. In terms of questionnaire data, tense arousal, anger/frustration, hedonic tone and energetic arousal were all influenced by rumination. This was largely in line with expectation. Also, mood state was influenced by neuroticism and state anxiety. Our EEG results are consistent with Gray and McNaughton's [Gray, J.A., McNaughton, N., 2000. The neuropsychology of Anxiety: An Anquiry into the Functions of the Septo-Hippocampal System. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press, Oxford.] account of recursive processing between the septo-hippocampal system and neocortex during goal-conflict resolution inherent in rumination. Evidence of posterior cingulate involvement in this processing was also discussed. Recommendations for future research, aimed at further evaluating the role of the SHS and the posterior cingulated, were outlined. Effects found in alpha were linked to increased vigilance whilst effects in beta were linked to cognitive and emotional aspects of the task. We conclude that these data provide new information of the neural processes associated with the psychological state of anxious rumination and, thus, hold implications for understanding normal and pathological anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Søren Bo Andersen
- Department of Psychology, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|