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Rambani V, Kolnikova M, Cagalinec M, Skopkova M, Gasperikova D. PMPCA-Related Encephalopathy: Novel Variants, Phenotype Extension, and Mitochondrial Morphology. Neurol Genet 2023; 9:e200106. [PMID: 38235041 PMCID: PMC10683851 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000200106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Objectives The PMPCA gene encodes the α-subunit of mitochondrial processing peptidase (α-MPP), an enzyme responsible for cleavage of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial precursor proteins after their import into mitochondria. Mutations in this gene have been described in patients with nonprogressive or slow progressive cerebellar ataxia, with variable age at onset and severity. Cerebellar atrophy and striatum changes were found in severe cases. Methods The patient was diagnosed using whole exome sequencing. Skin fibroblasts were used for confirmation of α-MPP levels using western blot and mitochondrial morphology assessment of immunofluorescent confocal microscopy images. Results Two novel compound heterozygous variants in the PMPCA gene (p.Tyr241Ser and p.Met251Val) were identified in an 8-year-old proband with progressive spastic quadriparesis, delayed psychomotor development, and intellectual disability, with onset at 13 months. The brain imaging showed cortical and cerebellar atrophy, reduced volume of basal ganglia with striatum hyperintensity, and periventricular white matter changes. The patient's fibroblasts showed a decreased α-MPP level and reduced and fragmented mitochondria. Discussion The described case contributes to the number of patients with progressive PMPCA-related disease with a severe intermediate phenotype. Moreover, we extend the phenotype to Leigh-like white matter changes that have not been described in previously reported cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibhuti Rambani
- From the Institute of Experimental Endocrinology (V.R., M.C., M.S., D.G.), Biomedical Reserach Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences; Medical Faculty of Comenius University and National Institute of Childern's Diseases (M.K.); Centre of Excellence for Advanced Material Application (M.C.), Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miriam Kolnikova
- From the Institute of Experimental Endocrinology (V.R., M.C., M.S., D.G.), Biomedical Reserach Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences; Medical Faculty of Comenius University and National Institute of Childern's Diseases (M.K.); Centre of Excellence for Advanced Material Application (M.C.), Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michal Cagalinec
- From the Institute of Experimental Endocrinology (V.R., M.C., M.S., D.G.), Biomedical Reserach Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences; Medical Faculty of Comenius University and National Institute of Childern's Diseases (M.K.); Centre of Excellence for Advanced Material Application (M.C.), Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martina Skopkova
- From the Institute of Experimental Endocrinology (V.R., M.C., M.S., D.G.), Biomedical Reserach Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences; Medical Faculty of Comenius University and National Institute of Childern's Diseases (M.K.); Centre of Excellence for Advanced Material Application (M.C.), Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Gasperikova
- From the Institute of Experimental Endocrinology (V.R., M.C., M.S., D.G.), Biomedical Reserach Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences; Medical Faculty of Comenius University and National Institute of Childern's Diseases (M.K.); Centre of Excellence for Advanced Material Application (M.C.), Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
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2
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Buchanan E, Mahony C, Bam S, Jaffer M, Macleod S, Mangali A, van der Watt M, de Wet S, Theart R, Jacobs C, Loos B, O'Ryan C. Propionic acid induces alterations in mitochondrial morphology and dynamics in SH-SY5Y cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13248. [PMID: 37582965 PMCID: PMC10427685 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40130-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Propionic acid (PPA) is used to study the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodevelopmental conditions like autism spectrum disorders. PPA is known to disrupt mitochondrial biogenesis, metabolism, and turnover. However, the effect of PPA on mitochondrial dynamics, fission, and fusion remains challenging to study due to the complex temporal nature of these mechanisms. Here, we use complementary quantitative visualization techniques to examine how PPA influences mitochondrial ultrastructure, morphology, and dynamics in neuronal-like SH-SY5Y cells. PPA (5 mM) induced a significant decrease in mitochondrial area (p < 0.01), Feret's diameter and perimeter (p < 0.05), and in area2 (p < 0.01). Mitochondrial event localiser analysis demonstrated a significant increase in fission and fusion events (p < 0.05) that preserved mitochondrial network integrity under stress. Moreover, mRNA expression of cMYC (p < 0.0001), NRF1 (p < 0.01), TFAM (p < 0.05), STOML2 (p < 0.0001), and OPA1 (p < 0.01) was significantly decreased. This illustrates a remodeling of mitochondrial morphology, biogenesis, and dynamics to preserve function under stress. Our data provide new insights into the influence of PPA on mitochondrial dynamics and highlight the utility of visualization techniques to study the complex regulatory mechanisms involved in the mitochondrial stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Buchanan
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa
| | - Caitlyn Mahony
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa
| | - Sophia Bam
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa
| | - Mohamed Jaffer
- Electron Microscope Unit, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa
| | - Sarah Macleod
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa
| | - Asandile Mangali
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa
| | - Mignon van der Watt
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa
| | - Sholto de Wet
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa
| | - Rensu Theart
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa
| | - Caron Jacobs
- Department of Pathology, Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa and IDM Microscopy Platform, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa
| | - Ben Loos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa
| | - Colleen O'Ryan
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa.
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa.
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3
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Di Donfrancesco A, Berlingieri C, Giacomello M, Frascarelli C, Magalhaes Rebelo AP, Bindoff LA, Reeval S, Renbaum P, Santorelli FM, Massaro G, Viscomi C, Zeviani M, Ghezzi D, Bottani E, Brunetti D. PPAR-gamma agonist pioglitazone recovers mitochondrial quality control in fibroblasts from PITRM1-deficient patients. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1220620. [PMID: 37576821 PMCID: PMC10415619 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1220620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Biallelic variants in PITRM1 are associated with a slowly progressive syndrome characterized by intellectual disability, spinocerebellar ataxia, cognitive decline and psychosis. The pitrilysin metallopeptidase 1 (PITRM1) is a mitochondrial matrix enzyme, which digests diverse oligopeptides, including the mitochondrial targeting sequences (MTS) that are cleaved from proteins imported across the inner mitochondrial membrane by the mitochondrial processing peptidase (MPP). Mitochondrial peptidases also play a role in the maturation of Frataxin, the protein affected in Friedreich's ataxia. Recent studies in yeast indicated that the mitochondrial matrix protease Ste23, which is a homologue of the human insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE), cooperates with Cym1 (homologue of PITRM1) to ensure the proper functioning of the preprotein processing machinery. In humans, IDE could be upregulated by Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARG) agonists. Methods: We investigated preprotein processing, mitochondrial membrane potential and MTS degradation in control and patients' fibroblasts, and we evaluated the pharmacological effect of the PPARG agonist Pioglitazone on mitochondrial proteostasis. Results: We discovered that PITRM1 dysfunction results in the accumulation of MTS, leading to the disruption and dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential. This triggers a feedback inhibition of MPP activity, consequently impairing the processing and maturation of Frataxin. Furthermore, we found that the pharmacological stimulation of PPARG by Pioglitazone upregulates IDE and also PITRM1 protein levels restoring the presequence processing machinery and improving Frataxin maturation and mitochondrial function. Discussion: Our findings provide mechanistic insights and suggest a potential pharmacological strategy for this rare neurodegenerative mitochondrial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Di Donfrancesco
- Unità di Genetica Medica e Neurogenetica, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Christian Berlingieri
- Unità di Genetica Medica e Neurogenetica, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Giacomello
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Frascarelli
- Unità di Genetica Medica e Neurogenetica, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Segel Reeval
- Shaare Zedek Medical Center, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Paul Renbaum
- Shaare Zedek Medical Center, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Giulia Massaro
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carlo Viscomi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Massimo Zeviani
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Daniele Ghezzi
- Unità di Genetica Medica e Neurogenetica, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Bottani
- Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, Section of Pharmacology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Dario Brunetti
- Unità di Genetica Medica e Neurogenetica, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Mohylyak I, Bengochea M, Pascual-Caro C, Asfogo N, Fonseca-Topp S, Danda N, Atak ZK, De Waegeneer M, Plaçais PY, Preat T, Aerts S, Corti O, de Juan-Sanz J, Hassan BA. Developmental transcriptional control of mitochondrial homeostasis is required for activity-dependent synaptic connectivity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.11.544500. [PMID: 37333418 PMCID: PMC10274921 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.11.544500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
During neuronal circuit formation, local control of axonal organelles ensures proper synaptic connectivity. Whether this process is genetically encoded is unclear and if so, its developmental regulatory mechanisms remain to be identified. We hypothesized that developmental transcription factors regulate critical parameters of organelle homeostasis that contribute to circuit wiring. We combined cell type-specific transcriptomics with a genetic screen to discover such factors. We identified Telomeric Zinc finger-Associated Protein (TZAP) as a temporal developmental regulator of neuronal mitochondrial homeostasis genes, including Pink1 . In Drosophila , loss of dTzap function during visual circuit development leads to loss of activity-dependent synaptic connectivity, that can be rescued by Pink1 expression. At the cellular level, loss of dTzap/TZAP leads to defects in mitochondrial morphology, attenuated calcium uptake and reduced synaptic vesicle release in fly and mammalian neurons. Our findings highlight developmental transcriptional regulation of mitochondrial homeostasis as a key factor in activity-dependent synaptic connectivity.
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5
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Brennecke BR, Yang US, Liu S, Ilerisoy FS, Ilerisoy BN, Joglekar A, Kim LB, Peachee SJ, Richtsmeier SL, Stephens SB, Sander EA, Strack S, Moninger TO, Ankrum JA, Imai Y. Utilization of commercial collagens for preparing well-differentiated human beta cells for confocal microscopy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1187216. [PMID: 37305047 PMCID: PMC10248405 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1187216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction With technical advances, confocal and super-resolution microscopy have become powerful tools to dissect cellular pathophysiology. Cell attachment to glass surfaces compatible with advanced imaging is critical prerequisite but remains a considerable challenge for human beta cells. Recently, Phelps et al. reported that human beta cells plated on type IV collagen (Col IV) and cultured in neuronal medium preserve beta cell characteristics. Methods We examined human islet cells plated on two commercial sources of Col IV (C6745 and C5533) and type V collagen (Col V) for differences in cell morphology by confocal microscopy and secretory function by glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Collagens were authenticated by mass spectrometry and fluorescent collagen-binding adhesion protein CNA35. Results All three preparations allowed attachment of beta cells with high nuclear localization of NKX6.1, indicating a well-differentiated status. All collagen preparations supported robust GSIS. However, the morphology of islet cells differed between the 3 preparations. C5533 showed preferable features as an imaging platform with the greatest cell spread and limited stacking of cells followed by Col V and C6745. A significant difference in attachment behavior of C6745 was attributed to the low collagen contents of this preparation indicating importance of authentication of coating material. Human islet cells plated on C5533 showed dynamic changes in mitochondria and lipid droplets (LDs) in response to an uncoupling agent 2-[2-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]hydrazinylidene]-propanedinitrile (FCCP) or high glucose + oleic acid. Discussion An authenticated preparation of Col IV provides a simple platform to apply advanced imaging for studies of human islet cell function and morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna R. Brennecke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - USeong Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Siming Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Fatma S. Ilerisoy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Beyza N. Ilerisoy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Aditya Joglekar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Lucy B. Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Spencer J. Peachee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Syreine L. Richtsmeier
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Samuel B. Stephens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Edward A. Sander
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Stefan Strack
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Thomas O. Moninger
- Central Microscopy Research Facility, Roy G. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - James A. Ankrum
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Yumi Imai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Medical Service, Endocrinology Section, Iowa City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, United States
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6
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Trigo D, Nadais A, Carvalho A, Morgado B, Santos F, Nóbrega-Pereira S, da Cruz E Silva OAB. Mitochondria dysfunction and impaired response to oxidative stress promotes proteostasis disruption in aged human cells. Mitochondrion 2023; 69:1-9. [PMID: 36273801 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
The plastic architecture of the mitochondrial network and its dynamic structure play crucial roles ensuring that varying energetic demands are rapidly met. Given the brain's high energy demand, mitochondria play a particularly critical role in neuronal and axonal energy homeostasis. With ageing physiological properties of the organism deteriorate, and are associated with loss of cellular homeostasis, accumulation of dysfunctional organelles and damaged macromolecules. Thus, mitochondrial loss of efficiency is likely to be both a cause and a consequence of ageing. Additionally distinct cellular events can contribute to oxidative stress, disruption of metabolism and mitochondria homeostasis, resulting in neuropathology. However, although the correlation between ageing and mitochondria disfunction is well established, the response to oxidative stress, particularly proteostasis, remains to be fully elucidated. The work here described explores the degradation of mitochondria oxidative stress-response mechanisms with ageing in human cells, addressing the physiological effects on proteostasis, focused on its role in differentiating between healthy and pathological ageing. Increased protein aggregation appears to be tightly related to impairment of ageing mitochondria response to oxidative stress, and antioxidative agents are shown to have a progressive protective effect with age; cells from old individuals show higher susceptibility to oxidative stress, in terms of protein aggregation, cell viability, or mitochondria homeostasis. These results support the antioxidant properties of flavonoids as a good therapeutic strategy for age-related diseases. Given their protective effect, this family of compounds can be of strategic therapeutic value for protein-aggregation related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Trigo
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - André Nadais
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Carvalho
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Bárbara Morgado
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Francisco Santos
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sandrina Nóbrega-Pereira
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Odete A B da Cruz E Silva
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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7
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Migliaccio V, Blal N, De Girolamo M, Mastronardi V, Catalano F, Di Gregorio I, Lionetti L, Pompa PP, Guarnieri D. Inter-Organelle Contact Sites Mediate the Intracellular Antioxidant Activity of Platinum Nanozymes: A New Perspective on Cell-Nanoparticle Interaction and Signaling. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:3882-3893. [PMID: 36629473 PMCID: PMC9880958 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic and antioxidant properties of platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) make them promising candidates for several applications in nanomedicine. However, an open issue, still shared among most nanomaterials, is the understanding on how internalized PtNPs, which are confined within endo-lysosomal compartments, can exert their activities. To address this problem, here we study the protective effect of 5 nm PtNPs on a human hepatic (HepG2) cell line exposed to dichlorodiphenylethylene (DDE) as a model of oxidative stress. Our results indicate that PtNPs are very efficient to reduce DDE-induced damage in HepG2 cells, in an extent that depends on DDE dose. PtNPs can contrast the unbalance of mitochondrial dynamics induced by DDE and increase the expression of the SOD2 mitochondrial enzyme that recovers cells from oxidative stress. Interestingly, in cells treated with PtNPs─alone or in combination with DDE─mitochondria form contact sites with a rough endoplasmic reticulum and endo-lysosomes containing nanoparticles. These findings indicate that the protective capability of PtNPs, through their intrinsic antioxidant properties and modulating mitochondrial functionality, is mediated by an inter-organelle crosstalk. This study sheds new light about the protective action mechanisms of PtNPs and discloses a novel nano-biointeraction mechanism at the intracellular level, modulated by inter-organelle communication and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Migliaccio
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia “Adolfo Zambelli”, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno 84084, Italy
| | - Naym Blal
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia “Adolfo Zambelli”, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno 84084, Italy
| | - Micaela De Girolamo
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia “Adolfo Zambelli”, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno 84084, Italy
| | - Valentina Mastronardi
- Nanobiointeractions
& Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Federico Catalano
- Electron
Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di
Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Ilaria Di Gregorio
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia “Adolfo Zambelli”, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno 84084, Italy
| | - Lillà Lionetti
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia “Adolfo Zambelli”, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno 84084, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Pompa
- Nanobiointeractions
& Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Daniela Guarnieri
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia “Adolfo Zambelli”, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno 84084, Italy
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8
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Gambi G, Mengus G, Davidson G, Demesmaeker E, Cuomo A, Bonaldi T, Katopodi V, Malouf GG, Leucci E, Davidson I. The LncRNA LENOX Interacts with RAP2C to Regulate Metabolism and Promote Resistance to MAPK Inhibition in Melanoma. Cancer Res 2022; 82:4555-4570. [PMID: 36214632 PMCID: PMC9755964 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-0959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Tumor heterogeneity is a key feature of melanomas that hinders development of effective treatments. Aiming to overcome this, we identified LINC00518 (LENOX; lincRNA-enhancer of oxidative phosphorylation) as a melanoma-specific lncRNA expressed in all known melanoma cell states and essential for melanoma survival in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, LENOX promoted association of the RAP2C GTPase with mitochondrial fission regulator DRP1, increasing DRP1 S637 phosphorylation, mitochondrial fusion, and oxidative phosphorylation. LENOX expression was upregulated following treatment with MAPK inhibitors, facilitating a metabolic switch from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation and conferring resistance to MAPK inhibition. Consequently, combined silencing of LENOX and RAP2C synergized with MAPK inhibitors to eradicate melanoma cells. Melanomas are thus addicted to the lncRNA LENOX, which acts to optimize mitochondrial function during melanoma development and progression. SIGNIFICANCE The lncRNA LENOX is a novel regulator of melanoma metabolism, which can be targeted in conjunction with MAPK inhibitors to eradicate melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Gambi
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Gabrielle Mengus
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Guillaume Davidson
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | | | - Alessandro Cuomo
- Nuclear Proteomics Institute to Study Gene Expression, Milano, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bonaldi
- Nuclear Proteomics Institute to Study Gene Expression, Milano, Italy
| | - Vicky Katopodi
- Laboratory for RNA Cancer Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gabriel G. Malouf
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Eleonora Leucci
- Laboratory for RNA Cancer Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Corresponding Authors: Irwin Davidson, Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, Illkirch, 67404, France. E-mail: ; and Eleonora Leucci, Laboratory for RNA Cancer Biology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. E-mail:
| | - Irwin Davidson
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Equipe Labélisée Ligue contre le Cancer.,Corresponding Authors: Irwin Davidson, Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, Illkirch, 67404, France. E-mail: ; and Eleonora Leucci, Laboratory for RNA Cancer Biology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. E-mail:
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9
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Schwarz L, Sharma K, Dodi LD, Rieder LS, Fallier-Becker P, Casadei N, Fitzgerald JC. Miro1 R272Q disrupts mitochondrial calcium handling and neurotransmitter uptake in dopaminergic neurons. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:966209. [PMID: 36533136 PMCID: PMC9757607 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.966209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Rho GTPase Miro1, located at the mitochondrial outer membrane is known to properly distribute mitochondria to synapses, aid calcium buffering and initiate PINK1-Parkin mediated mitophagy. Several heterozygous RHOT1/Miro1 variants were identified in sporadic Parkinson's disease patients. Miro1 R272Q is located within a calcium binding domain, but the functional outcome of this point mutation and its contribution to the development of disease are unclear. To address this, we introduced a heterozygous RHOT1/Miro1 R272Q point mutation in healthy induced pluripotent stem cells. In dopaminergic neurons, Miro1 R272Q does not affect Miro1 protein levels, CCCP-induced mitophagy, nor mitochondrial movement yet causes the fragmentation of mitochondria with reduction of cristae and ATP5A. Inhibition of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter phenocopied Miro1 R272Q cytosolic calcium response to Thapsigargin in active neurons, a similar effect was observed during the calcium buffering phase in Miro1 knockdown neuroblastoma cells. Altered mitochondrial calcium regulation is associated with reduced mitochondrial respiration and reduced catecholamine neurotransmitter uptake. Synaptic changes are not coupled to dopamine distribution or dopamine transporters but are linked to Miro1 R272Q-related calcium handling via the mitochondria concomitant with defective dopamine regulation at the mitochondrial surface by monoamine oxidase. We conclude that the Miro1 R272Q heterozygous point mutation dampens mitochondrial-calcium regulation and mitochondrial capacity via events at the outer membrane that are sufficient to disrupt dopaminergic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Schwarz
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karan Sharma
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lorenzo D Dodi
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lara-Sophie Rieder
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Petra Fallier-Becker
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nicolas Casadei
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- NGS Competence Center Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julia C Fitzgerald
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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10
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Ramon C, Traversi F, Bürer C, Froese DS, Stelling J. Cellular and computational models reveal environmental and metabolic interactions in MMUT-type methylmalonic aciduria. J Inherit Metab Dis 2022; 46:421-435. [PMID: 36371683 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Methylmalonyl-coenzyme A (CoA) mutase (MMUT)-type methylmalonic aciduria is a rare inherited metabolic disease caused by the loss of function of the MMUT enzyme. Patients develop symptoms resembling those of primary mitochondrial disorders, but the underlying causes of mitochondrial dysfunction remain unclear. Here, we examined environmental and genetic interactions in MMUT deficiency using a combination of computational modeling and cellular models to decipher pathways interacting with MMUT. Immortalized fibroblast (hTERT BJ5ta) MMUT-KO (MUTKO) clones displayed a mild mitochondrial impairment in standard glucose-based medium, but they did not to show increased reliance on respiratory metabolism nor reduced growth or viability. Consistently, our modeling predicted MUTKO specific growth phenotypes only for lower extracellular glutamine concentrations. Indeed, two of three MMUT-deficient BJ5ta cell lines showed a reduced viability in glutamine-free medium. Further, growth on 183 different carbon and nitrogen substrates identified increased NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) metabolism of BJ5ta and HEK293 MUTKO cells compared with controls on purine- and glutamine-based substrates. With this knowledge, our modeling predicted 13 reactions interacting with MMUT that potentiate an effect on growth, primarily those of secondary oxidation of propionyl-CoA, oxidative phosphorylation and oxygen diffusion. Of these, we validated 3-hydroxyisobutytyl-CoA hydrolase (HIBCH) in the secondary propionyl-CoA oxidation pathway. Altogether, these results suggest compensation for the loss of MMUT function by increasing anaplerosis through glutamine or by diverting flux away from MMUT through the secondary propionyl-CoA oxidation pathway, which may have therapeutic relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Ramon
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering and SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Florian Traversi
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Céline Bürer
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - D Sean Froese
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Stelling
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering and SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
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11
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Tracy EP, Nair R, Rowe G, Beare JE, Beyer A, LeBlanc AJ. Adipose stromal vascular fraction reverses mitochondrial dysfunction and hyperfission in aging-induced coronary microvascular disease. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 323:H749-H762. [PMID: 36018760 PMCID: PMC9529257 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00311.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Aging is associated with blunted coronary microvascular vasodilatory function. Previously, systemically administered adipose stromal vascular fraction (SVF) therapy reversed aging-induced attenuation of β1-adrenergic- and flow-mediated dilation dependent on reducing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. We hypothesized that SVF-mediated recovery of microvascular dilatory function is dependent on recovery of mitochondrial function, specifically by reducing mitochondrial hyperfission. Female Fischer-344 rats were allocated into young control, old control, and old + SVF therapy groups. Pressure myography, immunofluorescent staining, Western blot analysis, and RNA sequencing were performed to determine coronary microvascular mitochondrial dynamics and function. Gene and protein expression of fission-mediator DRP-1 was enhanced with aging but reversed by SVF therapy. SVF facilitated an increase in fusion-mediator MFN-1 gene and protein expression. Mitochondrial morphology was characterized as rod-like and densely networked in young controls, isolated circular and punctate with aging, and less circularity with partially restored mitochondrial branch density with SVF therapy. Decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP bioavailability in aged animals at baseline and during flow-mediated dilation were reversed by SVF and accompanied with enhanced oxygen consumption. Dilation to norepinephrine and flow in young controls were dependent on uninhibited mitochondrial fusion, whereas inhibiting fission did not restore aged microvessel response to norepinephrine or flow. SVF-mediated recovery of β-adrenergic function was dependent on uninhibited mitochondrial fusion, whereas recovery of flow-mediated dilation was dependent on maintained mitochondrial fission. Impaired dilation in aging is mitigated by SVF therapy, which recovers mitochondrial function and fission/fusion balance.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We elucidated the consequences of aging on coronary microvascular mitochondrial health as well as SVF's ability to reverse these effects. Aging shifts gene/protein expression and mitochondrial morphology indicating hyperfission, alongside attenuated mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP bioavailability, all reversed using SVF therapy. Mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP levels correlated with vasodilatory efficiency. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a contributing pathological factor in aging that can be targeted by therapeutic SVF to preserve microvascular dilative function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Paul Tracy
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Rajeev Nair
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Gabrielle Rowe
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Jason E Beare
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Andreas Beyer
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Amanda Jo LeBlanc
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
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12
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Witkowska M, Maciejewska N, Ryczkowska M, Olszewski M, Bagiński M, Makowiec S. From tryptophan to novel mitochondria-disruptive agent, synthesis and biological evaluation of 1,2,3,6-tetrasubstituted carbazoles. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 238:114453. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Wang X, Wang T, Chen X, Law J, Shan G, Tang W, Gong Z, Pan P, Liu X, Yu J, Ru C, Huang X, Sun Y. Microrobotic Swarms for Intracellular Measurement with Enhanced Signal-to-Noise Ratio. ACS NANO 2022; 16:10824-10839. [PMID: 35786860 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c02938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In cell biology, fluorescent dyes are routinely used for biochemical measurements. The traditional global dye treatment method suffers from low signal-to-noise ratios (SNR), especially when used for detecting a low concentration of ions, and increasing the concentration of fluorescent dyes causes more severe cytotoxicity. Here, we report a robotic technique that controls how a low amount of fluorescent-dye-coated magnetic nanoparticles accurately forms a swarm and increases the fluorescent dye concentration in a local region inside a cell for intracellular measurement. Different from existing magnetic micromanipulation systems that generate large swarms (several microns and above) or that cannot move the generated swarm to an arbitrary position, our system is capable of generating a small swarm (e.g., 1 μm) and accurately positioning the swarm inside a single cell (position control accuracy: 0.76 μm). In experiments, the generated swarm inside the cell showed an SNR 10 times higher than the traditional global dye treatment method. The high-SNR robotic swarm enabled intracellular measurements that had not been possible to achieve with traditional global dye treatment. The robotic swarm technique revealed an apparent pH gradient in a migrating cell and was used to measure the intracellular apparent pH in a single oocyte of living C. elegans. With the position control capability, the swarm was also applied to measure calcium changes at the perinuclear region of a cell before and after mechanical stimulation. The results showed a significant calcium increase after mechanical stimulation, and the calcium increase was regulated by the mechanically sensitive ion channel, PIEZO1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G8, Canada
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology and Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Tiancong Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Xin Chen
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology and Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Junhui Law
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Guanqiao Shan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Wentian Tang
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Zheyuan Gong
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Peng Pan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G8, Canada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal H3A 0C3, Canada
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G8, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Jiangfan Yu
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society (AIRS), Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Changhai Ru
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Xi Huang
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology and Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto M5G 1X8, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G8, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G9, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G4, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G4, Canada
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14
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Abstract
Oxidative stress is important for the etiology and pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Research tools that can conveniently evaluate oxidative stress in AD models are expected to catalyze and accelerate research on AD. This study explored the use of genetically encoded fluorescent indicators (GEFIs) to detect mitochondrial oxidative stress in organotypic brain slices and AD mouse models. To enable ratiometric normalization and avoid tissue autofluorescence, we genetically fused a green fluorescent hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) indicator, HyPer7, with each of two selected, bright red fluorescent proteins (RFPs), mScarlet-I and tdTomato. The resultant indicators, namely, HyPerGRS and HyPerGRT, were tagged with mitochondrial targeting sequences and examined for localization and function in cultured HeLa cells and primary mouse neurons. We further utilized HyPerGRT, which is a genetic fusion of HyPer7 with tdTomato, to monitor mitochondrial H2O2 in response to the human β-amyloid 1-42 isoform (Aβ42) in cultured brain slices and an AD mouse model. Owing to the high sensitivity and low autofluorescence interference resulting from HyPerGRT, we successfully detected Aβ42-mediated mitochondrial H2O2 in these AD models. The results suggest that HyPerGRT is a valuable tool for studying mitochondrial oxidative stress in tissues and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Li
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
- Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Yiyu Zhang
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
- Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Hui-wang Ai
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
- Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
- The UVA Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
- Corresponding Author.
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15
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Morales-Rosales SL, Santín-Márquez R, Posadas-Rodriguez P, Rincon-Heredia R, Montiel T, Librado-Osorio R, Luna-López A, Rivero-Segura NA, Torres C, Cano-Martínez A, Silva-Palacios A, Cortés-Hernández P, Morán J, Massieu L, Konigsberg M. Senescence in Primary Rat Astrocytes Induces Loss of the Mitochondrial Membrane Potential and Alters Mitochondrial Dynamics in Cortical Neurons. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:766306. [PMID: 34924995 PMCID: PMC8672143 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.766306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The decline in brain function during aging is one of the most critical health problems nowadays. Although senescent astrocytes have been found in old-age brains and neurodegenerative diseases, their impact on the function of other cerebral cell types is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of senescent astrocytes on the mitochondrial function of a neuron. In order to evaluate neuronal susceptibility to a long and constant senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) exposure, we developed a model by using cellular cocultures in transwell plates. Rat primary cortical astrocytes were seeded in transwell inserts and induced to premature senescence with hydrogen peroxide [stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS)]. Independently, primary rat cortical neurons were seeded at the bottom of transwells. After neuronal 6 days in vitro (DIV), the inserts with SIPS-astrocytes were placed in the chamber and cocultured with neurons for 6 more days. The neuronal viability, the redox state [reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG)], the mitochondrial morphology, and the proteins and membrane potential were determined. Our results showed that the neuronal mitochondria functionality was altered after being cocultured with senescent astrocytes. In vivo, we found that old animals had diminished mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) proteins, redox state, and senescence markers as compared to young rats, suggesting effects of the senescent astrocytes similar to the ones we observed in vitro. Overall, these results indicate that the microenvironment generated by senescent astrocytes can affect neuronal mitochondria and physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Lizbeth Morales-Rosales
- Posgrado Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico.,Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roberto Santín-Márquez
- Posgrado Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico.,Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Pedro Posadas-Rodriguez
- Posgrado Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico.,Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ruth Rincon-Heredia
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Teresa Montiel
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Raúl Librado-Osorio
- Departamento de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Armando Luna-López
- Departamento de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Claudio Torres
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Agustina Cano-Martínez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Silva-Palacios
- Departamento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Paulina Cortés-Hernández
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Atlixco, Mexico
| | - Julio Morán
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lourdes Massieu
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mina Konigsberg
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico
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16
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Sekiguchi K, Miyahara H, Inoue M, Kiyota K, Sakai K, Hanada T, Ihara K. Metabolome Characteristics of Liver Autophagy Deficiency under Starvation Conditions in Infancy. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093026. [PMID: 34578904 PMCID: PMC8470362 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver function is essential for metabolism, detoxification, and bile synthesis, even in the neonatal period. Autophagy plays significance roles in THE adult liver, whereas the role of liver autophagy in the early neonatal period largely remains unclear. To clarify the importance of liver autophagy in the neonatal starvation period, we generated liver-specific autophagy-deficient (Atg5flox/flox; Albumin-Cre) mice and investigated under starvation conditions comparing with control (Atg5flox/+; Albumin-Cre) mice, focusing on serum metabolites and liver histopathology. As a result, autophagy in the liver was found to unessential for the survival under postnatal starvation. A metabolomics analysis of serum metabolites by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry showed a significant difference between the groups, especially after 12-h starvation, suggesting the synergistical adaption of metabolic pathways, such as the “malate-aspartate shuttle”, “aspartate metabolism”, “urea cycle”, and “glycine and serine metabolism”. Liver-specific autophagy-deficiency under postnatal starvation conditions can cause a characteristic metabolic alteration suggesting a change of the mitochondrial function. Neonates seemed to maintain ketone production under starvation conditions, even in the autophagy-deficient liver, through a change in the mitochondrial function, which may be an adaptive mechanism for avoiding fatal starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhito Sekiguchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan; (K.S.); (M.I.); (K.K.)
| | - Hiroaki Miyahara
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University, Aichi 480-1195, Japan;
| | - Masanori Inoue
- Department of Pediatrics, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan; (K.S.); (M.I.); (K.K.)
| | - Kyoko Kiyota
- Department of Pediatrics, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan; (K.S.); (M.I.); (K.K.)
| | - Kumiko Sakai
- Institute for Research Promotion, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan;
| | - Toshikatsu Hanada
- Department of Cell Biology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan;
| | - Kenji Ihara
- Department of Pediatrics, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan; (K.S.); (M.I.); (K.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-97-586-5833
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17
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Valera-Alberni M, Joffraud M, Miro-Blanch J, Capellades J, Junza A, Dayon L, Núñez Galindo A, Sanchez-Garcia JL, Valsesia A, Cercillieux A, Söllner F, Ladurner AG, Yanes O, Cantó C. Crosstalk between Drp1 phosphorylation sites during mitochondrial remodeling and their impact on metabolic adaptation. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109565. [PMID: 34433037 PMCID: PMC8411118 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria constantly undergo fusion and fission events, referred as mitochondrial dynamics, which determine mitochondrial architecture and bioenergetics. Cultured cell studies demonstrate that mitochondrial dynamics are acutely regulated by phosphorylation of the mitochondrial fission orchestrator dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) at S579 or S600. However, the physiological impact and crosstalk of these phosphorylation sites is poorly understood. Here, we describe the functional interrelation between S579 and S600 phosphorylation sites in vivo and their role on mitochondrial remodeling. Mice carrying a homozygous Drp1 S600A knockin (Drp1 KI) mutation display larger mitochondria and enhanced lipid oxidation and respiratory capacities, granting improved glucose tolerance and thermogenic response upon high-fat feeding. Housing mice at thermoneutrality blunts these differences, suggesting a role for the brown adipose tissue in the protection of Drp1 KI mice against metabolic damage. Overall, we demonstrate crosstalk between Drp1 phosphorylation sites and provide evidence that their modulation could be used in the treatment and prevention of metabolic diseases. Drp1 phosphorylation at S600 promotes the phosphorylation at the S579 site Both Drp1 P-S600 and P-S579 are required for maximal mitochondrial fragmentation Drp1 S600A knockin mice are protected against diet-induced metabolic damage Drp1 phosphorylation controls brown adipose tissue thermogenic capacity in mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Valera-Alberni
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research Ltd., Lausanne 1015, Switzerland; School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Magali Joffraud
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research Ltd., Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Joan Miro-Blanch
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Electronic Engineering & IISPV, 43003 Tarragona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedates Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Capellades
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Electronic Engineering & IISPV, 43003 Tarragona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedates Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alexandra Junza
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Electronic Engineering & IISPV, 43003 Tarragona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedates Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Loïc Dayon
- Nestlé Institute of Food Safety and Analytical Sciences, Nestlé Research Ltd., Lausanne 1015, Switzerland; Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, EPFL, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Núñez Galindo
- Nestlé Institute of Food Safety and Analytical Sciences, Nestlé Research Ltd., Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Jose L Sanchez-Garcia
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research Ltd., Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Armand Valsesia
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research Ltd., Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Angelique Cercillieux
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research Ltd., Lausanne 1015, Switzerland; School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Flavia Söllner
- Biomedical Center, Department of Physiological Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Andreas G Ladurner
- Biomedical Center, Department of Physiological Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Oscar Yanes
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Electronic Engineering & IISPV, 43003 Tarragona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedates Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carles Cantó
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research Ltd., Lausanne 1015, Switzerland; School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland.
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18
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Ihenacho UK, Meacham KA, Harwig MC, Widlansky ME, Hill RB. Mitochondrial Fission Protein 1: Emerging Roles in Organellar Form and Function in Health and Disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:660095. [PMID: 33841340 PMCID: PMC8027123 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.660095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial fission protein 1 (Fis1) was identified in yeast as being essential for mitochondrial division or fission and subsequently determined to mediate human mitochondrial and peroxisomal fission. Yet, its exact functions in humans, especially in regard to mitochondrial fission, remains an enigma as genetic deletion of Fis1 elongates mitochondria in some cell types, but not others. Fis1 has also been identified as an important component of apoptotic and mitophagic pathways suggesting the protein may have multiple, essential roles. This review presents current perspectives on the emerging functions of Fis1 and their implications in human health and diseases, with an emphasis on Fis1's role in both endocrine and neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelsey A. Meacham
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Megan Cleland Harwig
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Michael E. Widlansky
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - R. Blake Hill
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- *Correspondence: R. Blake Hill,
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19
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Holmes DL, Vogt DT, Lagunoff M. A CRISPR-Cas9 screen identifies mitochondrial translation as an essential process in latent KSHV infection of human endothelial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:28384-28392. [PMID: 33122441 PMCID: PMC7668072 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2011645117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the etiologic agent of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL). The main proliferating component of KS tumors is a cell of endothelial origin termed the spindle cell. Spindle cells are predominantly latently infected with only a small percentage of cells undergoing viral replication. As there is no direct treatment for latent KSHV, identification of host vulnerabilities in latently infected endothelial cells could be exploited to inhibit KSHV-associated tumor cells. Using a pooled CRISPR-Cas9 lentivirus library, we identified host factors that are essential for the survival or proliferation of latently infected endothelial cells in culture, but not their uninfected counterparts. Among the many host genes identified, there was an enrichment in genes localizing to the mitochondria, including genes involved in mitochondrial translation. Antibiotics that inhibit bacterial and mitochondrial translation specifically inhibited the expansion of latently infected endothelial cells and led to increased cell death in patient-derived PEL cell lines. Direct inhibition of mitochondrial respiration or ablation of mitochondrial genomes leads to increased death in latently infected cells. KSHV latent infection decreases mitochondrial numbers, but there are increases in mitochondrial size, genome copy number, and transcript levels. We found that multiple gene products of the latent locus localize to the mitochondria. During latent infection, KSHV significantly alters mitochondrial biology, leading to enhanced sensitivity to inhibition of mitochondrial respiration, which provides a potential therapeutic avenue for KSHV-associated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Holmes
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Daniel T Vogt
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Michael Lagunoff
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109
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20
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Mito Hacker: a set of tools to enable high-throughput analysis of mitochondrial network morphology. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18941. [PMID: 33144635 PMCID: PMC7642274 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75899-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that can exhibit a wide range of morphologies. Mitochondrial morphology can differ significantly across cell types, reflecting different physiological needs, but can also change rapidly in response to stress or the activation of signaling pathways. Understanding both the cause and consequences of these morphological changes is critical to fully understanding how mitochondrial function contributes to both normal and pathological physiology. However, while robust and quantitative analysis of mitochondrial morphology has become increasingly accessible, there is a need for new tools to generate and analyze large data sets of mitochondrial images in high throughput. The generation of such datasets is critical to fully benefit from rapidly evolving methods in data science, such as neural networks, that have shown tremendous value in extracting novel biological insights and generating new hypotheses. Here we describe a set of three computational tools, Cell Catcher, Mito Catcher and MiA, that we have developed to extract extensive mitochondrial network data on a single-cell level from multi-cell fluorescence images. Cell Catcher automatically separates and isolates individual cells from multi-cell images; Mito Catcher uses the statistical distribution of pixel intensities across the mitochondrial network to detect and remove background noise from the cell and segment the mitochondrial network; MiA uses the binarized mitochondrial network to perform more than 100 mitochondria-level and cell-level morphometric measurements. To validate the utility of this set of tools, we generated a database of morphological features for 630 individual cells that encode 0, 1 or 2 alleles of the mitochondrial fission GTPase Drp1 and demonstrate that these mitochondrial data could be used to predict Drp1 genotype with 87% accuracy. Together, this suite of tools enables the high-throughput and automated collection of detailed and quantitative mitochondrial structural information at a single-cell level. Furthermore, the data generated with these tools, when combined with advanced data science approaches, can be used to generate novel biological insights.
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21
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Witzig M, Grimm A, Schmitt K, Lejri I, Frank S, Brown SA, Eckert A. Clock-Controlled Mitochondrial Dynamics Correlates with Cyclic Pregnenolone Synthesis. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102323. [PMID: 33086741 PMCID: PMC7589815 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurosteroids are steroids synthetized in the nervous system, with the first step of steroidogenesis taking place within mitochondria with the synthesis of pregnenolone. They exert important brain-specific functions by playing a role in neurotransmission, learning and memory processes, and neuroprotection. Here, we show for the first time that mitochondrial neurosteroidogenesis follows a circadian rhythm and correlates with the rhythmic changes in mitochondrial morphology. We used synchronized human A172 glioma cells, which are steroidogenic cells with a functional core molecular clock, to show that pregnenolone levels and translocator protein (TSPO) are controlled by the clock, probably via circadian regulation of mitochondrial fusion/fission. Key findings were recapitulated in mouse brains. We also showed that genetic or pharmacological abrogation of fusion/fission activity, as well as disturbing the core molecular clock, abolished circadian rhythms of pregnenolone and TSPO. Our findings provide new insights into the crosstalk between mitochondrial function (here, neurosteroidogenesis) and circadian cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Witzig
- Neurobiology Lab for Brain Aging and Mental Health, Molecular & Cognitive Neuroscience, Transfaculty Research Platform, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland; (M.W.); (A.G.); (K.S.); (I.L.)
- Psychiatric University Clinics Basel, Medical Faculty, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Amandine Grimm
- Neurobiology Lab for Brain Aging and Mental Health, Molecular & Cognitive Neuroscience, Transfaculty Research Platform, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland; (M.W.); (A.G.); (K.S.); (I.L.)
- Psychiatric University Clinics Basel, Medical Faculty, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Molecular Psychology, Live Sciences Training Facility, University of Basel, 4055 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Karen Schmitt
- Neurobiology Lab for Brain Aging and Mental Health, Molecular & Cognitive Neuroscience, Transfaculty Research Platform, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland; (M.W.); (A.G.); (K.S.); (I.L.)
- Psychiatric University Clinics Basel, Medical Faculty, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Imane Lejri
- Neurobiology Lab for Brain Aging and Mental Health, Molecular & Cognitive Neuroscience, Transfaculty Research Platform, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland; (M.W.); (A.G.); (K.S.); (I.L.)
- Psychiatric University Clinics Basel, Medical Faculty, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Frank
- Division of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Steven A. Brown
- Chronobiology and Sleep Research Group, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland;
| | - Anne Eckert
- Neurobiology Lab for Brain Aging and Mental Health, Molecular & Cognitive Neuroscience, Transfaculty Research Platform, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland; (M.W.); (A.G.); (K.S.); (I.L.)
- Psychiatric University Clinics Basel, Medical Faculty, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-61-325-5487; Fax: +41-06-1325-5577
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22
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Chen KL, Wang HL, Jiang LZ, Qian Y, Yang CX, Chang WW, Zhong JF, Xing GD. Heat stress induces apoptosis through disruption of dynamic mitochondrial networks in dairy cow mammary epithelial cells. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2020; 56:322-331. [PMID: 32377999 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-020-00446-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress-induced reductions in milk yield and the dysfunction of mammary glands are economically important challenges that face the dairy industry, especially during summer. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of heat stress on mitochondrial function by using dairy cow mammary epithelial cells (DCMECs) as an in vitro model. Live cell imaging shows that the mitochondria continually change shape through fission and fusion. However, heat stress induces the fragmentation of mitochondria, as well as the decreased of ATP level, membrane potential, and anti-oxidant enzyme activity and the increased of respiratory chain complex I activity. In addition, the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration and cytochrome c expression (Cyto-c) were increased after heat stress treatment. Both qRT-PCR and western blot analysis indicate that mitofusin1/2 (Mfn1/2) and optic atrophy protein-1 (Opa-1) are downregulated after heat stress, whereas dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) and fission 1 (Fis-1) are upregulated, which explains the observed defect of mitochondrial network dynamics. Accordingly, the present study indicated that heat stress induced the dysfunction of DCMEC through disruption of the normal balance of mitochondrial fission and fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Lin Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China.,Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Hui-Li Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China.,Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Lin-Zheng Jiang
- Youyuan Research Institute of Dairy Industry Co., Ltd, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Yong Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China.,Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Cai-Xia Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wei-Wei Chang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ji-Feng Zhong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China. .,Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China.
| | - Guang-Dong Xing
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China. .,Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China.
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23
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Inhibition of Kv10.1 Channels Sensitizes Mitochondria of Cancer Cells to Antimetabolic Agents. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040920. [PMID: 32283712 PMCID: PMC7226288 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Reprogramming of energy metabolism constitutes one of the hallmarks of cancer and is, therefore, an emerging therapeutic target. We describe here that the potassium channel Kv10.1, which is frequently overexpressed in primary and metastatic cancer, and has been proposed a therapeutic target, participates in metabolic adaptation of cancer cells through regulation of mitochondrial dynamics. We used biochemical and cell biological techniques, live cell imaging and high-resolution microscopy, among other approaches, to study the impact of Kv10.1 on the regulation of mitochondrial stability. Inhibition of Kv10.1 expression or function led to mitochondrial fragmentation, increase in reactive oxygen species and increased autophagy. Cells with endogenous overexpression of Kv10.1 were also more sensitive to mitochondrial metabolism inhibitors than cells with low expression, indicating that they are more dependent on mitochondrial function. Consistently, a combined therapy using functional monoclonal antibodies for Kv10.1 and mitochondrial metabolism inhibitors resulted in enhanced efficacy of the inhibitors. Our data reveal a new mechanism regulated by Kv10.1 in cancer and a novel strategy to overcome drug resistance in cancers with a high expression of Kv10.1.
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24
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Villanueva-Paz M, Povea-Cabello S, Villalón-García I, Suárez-Rivero JM, Álvarez-Córdoba M, de la Mata M, Talaverón-Rey M, Jackson S, Sánchez-Alcázar JA. Pathophysiological characterization of MERRF patient-specific induced neurons generated by direct reprogramming. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:861-881. [PMID: 30797798 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases are a group of rare heterogeneous genetic disorders caused by total or partial mitochondrial dysfunction. They can be caused by mutations in nuclear or mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). MERRF (Myoclonic Epilepsy with Ragged-Red Fibers) syndrome is one of the most common mitochondrial disorders caused by point mutations in mtDNA. It is mainly caused by the m.8344A > G mutation in the tRNALys (UUR) gene of mtDNA (MT-TK gene). This mutation affects the translation of mtDNA encoded proteins; therefore, the assembly of the electron transport chain (ETC) complexes is disrupted, leading to a reduced mitochondrial respiratory function. However, the molecular pathogenesis of MERRF syndrome remains poorly understood due to the lack of appropriate cell models, particularly in those cell types most affected in the disease such as neurons. Patient-specific induced neurons (iNs) are originated from dermal fibroblasts derived from different individuals carrying the particular mutation causing the disease. Therefore, patient-specific iNs can be used as an excellent cell model to elucidate the mechanisms underlying MERRF syndrome. Here we present for the first time the generation of iNs from MERRF dermal fibroblasts by direct reprograming, as well as a series of pathophysiological characterizations which can be used for testing the impact of a specific mtDNA mutation on neurons and screening for drugs that can correct the phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Villanueva-Paz
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| | - Suleva Povea-Cabello
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| | - Irene Villalón-García
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| | - Juan M Suárez-Rivero
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| | - Mónica Álvarez-Córdoba
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| | - Mario de la Mata
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| | - Marta Talaverón-Rey
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| | - Sandra Jackson
- Department of Neurology, Uniklinikum C. G. Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - José A Sánchez-Alcázar
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla 41013, Spain.
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25
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Grimm A, Cummins N, Götz J. Local Oxidative Damage in the Soma and Dendrites Quarantines Neuronal Mitochondria at the Site of Insult. iScience 2018; 6:114-127. [PMID: 30240605 PMCID: PMC6137705 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons are highly dependent on mitochondria, but little is known about how they react to a local mitochondrial oxidative insult. We therefore developed a protocol in primary hippocampal cultures that combines the photosensitizer mito-KillerRed with fluorescent biosensors and photoactivatable GFP. We found in both the soma and dendrites that neurons restrict the local increase in mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species and the decrease in ATP production to the damaged compartment, by quarantining mitochondria. Although the cytosol of both the soma and dendrites became oxidized after mito-KillerRed activation, dendrites were more sensitive to the oxidative insult. Importantly, the impaired mitochondria exhibited decreased motility and fusion, thereby avoiding the spread of oxidation throughout the neuron. These results establish how neurons manage oxidative damage and increase our understanding about the somatodendritic regulation of mitochondrial functions after a local oxidative insult. An oxidative insult is contained locally to the damaged region of a neuron ATP levels decrease only in the damaged region of the soma or dendrite ATP levels increase in the regions distal to the oxidative insult Stressed mitochondria are fragmented, with a decreased motility and fusion rate
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Grimm
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research (CJCADR), Queensland Brain Institute (QBI), The University of Queensland, St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Nadia Cummins
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research (CJCADR), Queensland Brain Institute (QBI), The University of Queensland, St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jürgen Götz
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research (CJCADR), Queensland Brain Institute (QBI), The University of Queensland, St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
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26
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Tank EM, Figueroa-Romero C, Hinder LM, Bedi K, Archbold HC, Li X, Weskamp K, Safren N, Paez-Colasante X, Pacut C, Thumma S, Paulsen MT, Guo K, Hur J, Ljungman M, Feldman EL, Barmada SJ. Abnormal RNA stability in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2845. [PMID: 30030424 PMCID: PMC6054632 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05049-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) share key features, including accumulation of the RNA-binding protein TDP-43. TDP-43 regulates RNA homeostasis, but it remains unclear whether RNA stability is affected in these disorders. We use Bru-seq and BruChase-seq to assess genome-wide RNA stability in ALS patient-derived cells, demonstrating profound destabilization of ribosomal and mitochondrial transcripts. This pattern is recapitulated by TDP-43 overexpression, suggesting a primary role for TDP-43 in RNA destabilization, and in postmortem samples from ALS and FTD patients. Proteomics and functional studies illustrate corresponding reductions in mitochondrial components and compensatory increases in protein synthesis. Collectively, these observations suggest that TDP-43 deposition leads to targeted RNA instability in ALS and FTD, and may ultimately cause cell death by disrupting energy production and protein synthesis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Tank
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - C Figueroa-Romero
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - L M Hinder
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - K Bedi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - H C Archbold
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - X Li
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - K Weskamp
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - N Safren
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - X Paez-Colasante
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - C Pacut
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - S Thumma
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - M T Paulsen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - K Guo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, USA
| | - J Hur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, USA
| | - M Ljungman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Cellular & Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - E L Feldman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Cellular & Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - S J Barmada
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Cellular & Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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