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Tian J, Ge F, Zhang D, Deng S, Liu X. Roles of Phosphate Solubilizing Microorganisms from Managing Soil Phosphorus Deficiency to Mediating Biogeochemical P Cycle. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:158. [PMID: 33671192 PMCID: PMC7922199 DOI: 10.3390/biology10020158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is a vital element in biological molecules, and one of the main limiting elements for biomass production as plant-available P represents only a small fraction of total soil P. Increasing global food demand and modern agricultural consumption of P fertilizers could lead to excessive inputs of inorganic P in intensively managed croplands, consequently rising P losses and ongoing eutrophication of surface waters. Despite phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (PSMs) are widely accepted as eco-friendly P fertilizers for increasing agricultural productivity, a comprehensive and deeper understanding of the role of PSMs in P geochemical processes for managing P deficiency has received inadequate attention. In this review, we summarize the basic P forms and their geochemical and biological cycles in soil systems, how PSMs mediate soil P biogeochemical cycles, and the metabolic and enzymatic mechanisms behind these processes. We also highlight the important roles of PSMs in the biogeochemical P cycle and provide perspectives on several environmental issues to prioritize in future PSM applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Tian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China;
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China;
| | - Fei Ge
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China;
| | - Dayi Zhang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Songqiang Deng
- Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Tsinghua–Suzhou), Suzhou 215163, China;
| | - Xingwang Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China;
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Susser JR, Pelini SL, Weintraub MN. Can we reduce phosphorus runoff from agricultural fields by stimulating soil biota? JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2020; 49:933-944. [PMID: 33016483 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
When fertilizer phosphorus (P) is applied to soils, the P can run off fields and cause harmful algal blooms. Due to its chemistry, much of the added P that does not run off can bind to soil particles and become inaccessible to plants. In natural systems, microbial and faunal decomposers can increase soil P accessibility to plants. We tested the hypothesis that this may also be true in agricultural systems, which could increase P application efficiency and reduce runoff potential. We stimulated soil fauna with sodium (Na+ ) and microbes with carbon (C) by adding corn (Zea mays L.) stover and Na+ solution to plots in conventionally managed corn fields in northwestern Ohio. Stover addition increased microbial biomass by 65 ± 12% and respiration by 400-700%. Application of stover with Na+ increased soil detritivore fauna abundance by 51 ± 20% and likely did not affect the other invertebrate guilds. However, soil biological activity was low compared with natural systems in all treatments and was not correlated with instantaneous measures of P accessibility, though cumulative P accessibility over the course of the growing season was correlated with microbial phosphatase activity (slope = 1.01, p < .01) and respiration (slope = 0.42, p = .02). Therefore, in agricultural systems, treatments to stimulate decomposers already in those systems may be ineffective at increasing soil P accessibility in the short term, but in the long term, higher microbial activities can be associated with higher soil P accessibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Susser
- Dep. of Environmental Sciences, Univ. of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft St., Toledo, OH, 43606, USA
| | - Shannon L Pelini
- Dep. of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State Univ., 217 Life Sciences Building, Bowling Green, OH, 43403, USA
| | - Michael N Weintraub
- Dep. of Environmental Sciences, Univ. of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft St., Toledo, OH, 43606, USA
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Goh HW, Lem KS, Azizan NA, Chang CK, Talei A, Leow CS, Zakaria NA. A review of bioretention components and nutrient removal under different climates-future directions for tropics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:14904-14919. [PMID: 30977005 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05041-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bioretention systems have been implemented as stormwater best management practices (BMPs) worldwide to treat non-point sources pollution. Due to insufficient research, the design guidelines for bioretention systems in tropical countries are modeled after those of temperate countries. However, climatic factors and stormwater runoff characteristics are the two key factors affecting the capacity of bioretention system. This paper reviews and compares the stormwater runoff characteristics, bioretention components, pollutant removal requirements, and applications of bioretention systems in temperate and tropical countries. Suggestions are given for bioretention components in the tropics, including elimination of mulch layer and submerged zone. More research is required to identify suitable additives for filter media, study tropical shrubs application while avoiding using grass and sedges, explore function of soil faunas, and adopt final discharged pollutants concentration (mg/L) on top of percentage removal (%) in bioretention design guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Weng Goh
- River Engineering and Urban Drainage Research Centre (REDAC), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Khe Sin Lem
- River Engineering and Urban Drainage Research Centre (REDAC), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Nor Ariza Azizan
- River Engineering and Urban Drainage Research Centre (REDAC), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Chun Kiat Chang
- River Engineering and Urban Drainage Research Centre (REDAC), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Amin Talei
- Discipline of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | | | - Nor Azazi Zakaria
- River Engineering and Urban Drainage Research Centre (REDAC), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
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Lago MDCF, Gallego PP, Briones MJI. Intensive Cultivation of Kiwifruit Alters the Detrital Foodweb and Accelerates Soil C and N Losses. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:686. [PMID: 31019497 PMCID: PMC6459076 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The detrital food web plays an important role in the functioning of agro-ecosystems due to their positive effect on organic matter transformations and nutrient supply to the growing crops, however, the activities of the organisms involved are strongly influenced by agricultural practices. In NW Spain, commercial Hayward kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis var. deliciosa) is intensively produced using conventional techniques (CONV), however, more sustainable methods, such as integrated (INT) and organic (ORG), have been increasingly adopted to decrease the negative impacts on the environment. We investigated the effects of these agricultural managements on earthworm abundance and functional diversity as well as microbial biomass and enzyme activity and evaluated the potential implications for nutrient retention and runoff in kiwifruit orchards. Our results showed that the CONV soils significantly contained fewer earthworms (ca. 80% less individuals than the INT and ORG systems), with their communities being mainly dominated by small epigeics, but a higher microbial biomass (0.53 ± 0.06 mg C g-1 dw soil compared to <0.25 mg C g-1 dw soil in INT and ORG), and 20% more activity of the enzymes involved in C (β-glucosidase) and N mineralization (urease). Consequently, more C and N was lost from these soils (on average, >37% more CO2, and five times more DIN) than from the less intensively managed soils. In contrast, the INT and ORG systems sustained a more complex and functionally diverse soil food web that lead to higher soil C and N retention. Therefore, agriculture management (i.e., intensive vs. less intensive) and its effects on the structure of the below-ground communities (i.e., microorganisms plus surface detritivores vs. deep burrowers plus geophagous forms) determine the nutrient sink/source function of these agro-ecosystems. These findings highlight the importance of including the contribution of soil biota to soil processes when optimizing fertilization loads and mitigating environmental impacts of agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro P. Gallego
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ciencia del Suelo, Universidad de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
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Luo L, Gu JD. Influence of Macrofaunal Burrows on Extracellular Enzyme Activity and Microbial Abundance in Subtropical Mangrove Sediment. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2018; 76:92-101. [PMID: 27623965 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-016-0844-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Bioturbation and bioirrigation induced by burrowing macrofauna are recognized as important processes in aquatic sediment since macrofaunal activities lead to the alteration of sediment characteristics. However, there is a lack of information on how macrofauna influence microbial abundance and extracellular enzyme activity in mangrove sediment. In this study, the environmental parameters, extracellular enzyme activities, and microbial abundance were determined and their relationships were explored. Sediment samples were taken from the surface (S) and lower layer (L) without burrow, as well as crab burrow wall (W) and bottom of crab burrow (B) located at the Mai Po Nature Reserve, Hong Kong. The results showed that the burrowing crabs could enhance the activities of oxidase and hydrolases. The highest activities of phenol oxidase and acid phosphatase were generally observed in B sediment, while the highest activity of N-acetyl-glucosaminidase was found in W sediment. The enzymatic stoichiometry indicated that the crab-affected sediment had similar microbial nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) availability relative to carbon (C), lower than S but higher than L sediment. Furthermore, it was found that the highest abundance of both bacteria and fungi was shown in S sediment, and B sediment presented the lowest abundance. Moreover, the concentrations of phosphorus and soluble phenolics in crab-affected sediment were almost higher than the non-affected sediment. The alterations of phenolics, C/P and N/P ratios as well as undetermined environmental factors by the activities of crabs might be the main reasons for the changes of enzyme activity and microbial abundance. Finally, due to the important role of phenol oxidase and hydrolases in sediment organic matter (SOM) decomposition, it is necessary to take macrofaunal activities into consideration when estimating the C budget in mangrove ecosystem in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Luo
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ji-Dong Gu
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.
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Mehring AS, Levin LA. REVIEW: Potential roles of soil fauna in improving the efficiency of rain gardens used as natural stormwater treatment systems. J Appl Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S. Mehring
- Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation; Scripps Institution of Oceanography; University of California; San Diego La Jolla CA 92093-0218 USA
| | - Lisa A. Levin
- Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation; Scripps Institution of Oceanography; University of California; San Diego La Jolla CA 92093-0218 USA
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First comparison of quantitative estimates of termite biomass and abundance reveals strong intercontinental differences. JOURNAL OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1017/s0266467413000898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:Termite species and functional groups differ among regions globally (the functional-diversity anomaly). Here we investigate whether similar differences in biomass and abundance of termites occur among continents. Biomass and abundance data were collected with standardized sampling in Cameroon, Malaysia and Peru. Data from Peru were original to this study, while data from Cameroon and Malaysia were compiled from other sources. Species density data were sampled using a standardized belt transect (100 × 2 m) while the biomass and abundance measurements were sampled using a standardized protocol based on 2 × 2-m quadrats. Biomass and abundance data confirmed patterns found for species density and thus the existence of the functional diversity anomaly: highest estimates for biomass and abundance were found in Cameroon (14.5 ± 7.90 g m−2 and 1234 ± 437 ind m−2) followed by Malaysia (0.719 ± 0.193 g m−2 and 327 ± 72 ind m−2) and then Peru (0.345 ± 0.103 g m−2 and 130 ± 39 ind m−2). The biomass and abundance for each functional group were significantly different across sites for most termite functional groups. Biogeographical distribution of lineages was the primary cause for the functional diversity anomaly with true soil-feeding termites dominating in Cameroon and the absence of fungus-growing termites from Peru. These findings are important as the biomass and abundance of functional groups may be linked to ecosystem processes. Although this study allowed for comparisons between data from different regions further comparable data are needed to enhance the understanding of the role of termites in ecosystem processes on a global scale.
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Tamburini F, Pfahler V, Bünemann EK, Guelland K, Bernasconi SM, Frossard E. Oxygen isotopes unravel the role of microorganisms in phosphate cycling in soils. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2012; 46:5956-5962. [PMID: 22545923 DOI: 10.1021/es300311h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is considered the ultimate limiting nutrient for plants in most natural systems and changes in the distribution of inorganic and organic P forms during soil development have been well documented. In particular, microbial activity has been shown to be an important control on P cycling but its contribution in building up the pool of plant-available P during soil development is still poorly quantified. To determine the importance of different biological processes on P cycling, we analyzed the isotopic composition of oxygen in phosphate (δ(18)O-Pi) from the parent material, soil microorganisms, the available P pool, and from the vegetation along a 150-year soil chronosequence of a glacier forefield. Our results show that at all sites, δ(18)O-Pi of microbial Pi is within the range expected for the temperature-dependent equilibrium between phosphate and water. In addition, the isotopic signature of available Pi is close to the signature of microbial Pi, independently of the contribution of parent material Pi, vegetation Pi or Pi released from organic matter mineralization. Thus, we show that phosphate is cycled through soil microorganisms before being released to the available pool. This isotopic approach demonstrates for the first time in the field and over long time scales, and not only through controlled experiments, the role of the microbial activity in cycling of P in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Tamburini
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
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Oberson A, Pypers P, Bünemann EK, Frossard E. Management Impacts on Biological Phosphorus Cycling in Cropped Soils. SOIL BIOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-15271-9_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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