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Duan WY, Zhu XM, Zhang SB, Lv YY, Zhai HC, Wei S, Ma PA, Hu YS. Antifungal effects of carvacrol, the main volatile compound in Origanum vulgare L. essential oil, against Aspergillus flavus in postharvest wheat. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 410:110514. [PMID: 38070224 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2023.110514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Plant volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with antimicrobial activity could potentially be extremely useful fumigants to prevent and control the fungal decay of agricultural products postharvest. In this study, antifungal effects of volatile compounds in essential oils extracted from Origanum vulgare L. against Aspergillus flavus growth were investigated using transcriptomic and biochemical analyses. Carvacrol was identified as the major volatile constituent of the Origanum vulgare L. essential oil, accounting for 66.01 % of the total content. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of carvacrol were 0.071 and 0.18 μL/mL in gas-phase fumigation and liquid contact, respectively. Fumigation with 0.60 μL/mL of carvacrol could completely inhibit A. flavus proliferation in wheat grains with 20 % moisture, showing its potential as a biofumigant. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that carvacrol treatment caused morphological deformation of A. flavus mycelia, and the resulting increased electrolyte leakage indicates damage to the plasma membrane. Confocal laser scanning microscopy confirmed that the carvacrol treatment caused a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species accumulation, and DNA damage. Transcriptome analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes were mainly associated with fatty acid degradation, autophagy, peroxisomes, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and DNA replication in A. flavus mycelia exposed to carvacrol. Biochemical analyses of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion content, and catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione S-transferase activities showed that carvacrol induced oxidative stress in A. flavus, which agreed with the transcriptome results. In summary, this study provides an experimental basis for the use of carvacrol as a promising biofumigant for the prevention of A. flavus contamination during postharvest grain storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yan Duan
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi-Man Zhu
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai-Bing Zhang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yang-Yong Lv
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan-Chen Zhai
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Wei
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping-An Ma
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Sen Hu
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
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2
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Li YN, Zhang SB, Lv YY, Zhai HC, Cai JP, Hu YS. Mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effects of linalool on Aspergillus flavus spore germination. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:6625-6640. [PMID: 36097174 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12172-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Biogenic volatile organic compounds hold remarkable potential for controlling fungal decay in agro- and food products. Recently, we reported that linalool, the major volatile component of the Zanthoxylum schinifolium pericarp, showed great potential as a biofumigant to control Aspergillus flavus growth in postharvest grains. In this study, the inhibitory effects of linalool on A. flavus growth in stored grains and its underlying mechanism were investigated through transcriptomic and biochemical analyses. Linalool vapor at 800 μL/L can effectively prevent A. flavus growth in 22% moisture wheat grains. Linalool at 2 μL/mL completely inhibited the germination of A. flavus spores, and 10 μL/mL caused spore death. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that linalool treatment caused wrinkling and spore breakage. Transcriptomics showed that 3806 genes were significantly differentially expressed in A. flavus spores exposed to 2 μL/mL linalool, predominantly showing enrichment regarding the ribosome, DNA replication, glutathione metabolism, peroxisome, and MAPK signaling pathways. Flow cytometry showed that linalool treatment caused hyperpolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential. 4,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole staining indicated that linalool caused DNA fragmentation in A. flavus spores, and monodansylcadaverine staining confirmed that linalool induced autophagy in A. flavus spores. We thus propose that linalool can damage the plasma membrane, cause mitochondrial dysfunction and DNA damage, and induce autophagy in A. flavus spores. These findings considerably improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effects of linalool on A. flavus, which is crucial regarding the development of applications to prevent postharvest grain spoilage due to A. flavus infestations. KEY POINTS: • The inhibitory potency of linalool on A. flavus spore germination was determined. • Transcriptomic analyses were performed to identify differentially expressed genes of A. flavus exposed to linalool. • A functional mechanism underlying the inhibitory effects of linalool on A. flavus spore germination is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Nan Li
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai-Bing Zhang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yang-Yong Lv
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan-Chen Zhai
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Ping Cai
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Sen Hu
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
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3
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Mołoń M, Stępień K, Kielar P, Vasileva B, Lozanska B, Staneva D, Ivanov P, Kula-Maximenko M, Molestak E, Tchórzewski M, Miloshev G, Georgieva M. Actin-Related Protein 4 and Linker Histone Sustain Yeast Replicative Ageing. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172754. [PMID: 36078161 PMCID: PMC9454676 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing is accompanied by dramatic changes in chromatin structure organization and genome function. Two essential components of chromatin, the linker histone Hho1p and actin-related protein 4 (Arp4p), have been shown to physically interact in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells, thus maintaining chromatin dynamics and function, as well as genome stability and cellular morphology. Disrupting this interaction has been proven to influence the stability of the yeast genome and the way cells respond to stress during chronological ageing. It has also been proven that the abrogated interaction between these two chromatin proteins elicited premature ageing phenotypes. Alterations in chromatin compaction have also been associated with replicative ageing, though the main players are not well recognized. Based on this knowledge, here, we examine how the interaction between Hho1p and Arp4p impacts the ageing of mitotically active yeast cells. For this purpose, two sets of strains were used—haploids (WT(n), arp4, hho1Δ and arp4 hho1Δ) and their heterozygous diploid counterparts (WT(2n), ARP4/arp4, HHO1/hho1Δ and ARP4 HHO1/arp4 hho1Δ)—for the performance of extensive morphological and physiological analyses during replicative ageing. These analyses included a comparative examination of the yeast cells’ chromatin structure, proliferative and reproductive potential, and resilience to stress, as well as polysome profiles and chemical composition. The results demonstrated that the haploid chromatin mutants arp4 and arp4 hho1Δ demonstrated a significant reduction in replicative and total lifespan. These findings lead to the conclusion that the importance of a healthy interaction between Arp4p and Hho1p in replicative ageing is significant. This is proof of the concomitant importance of Hho1p and Arp4p in chronological and replicative ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Mołoń
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Karolina Stępień
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Patrycja Kielar
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Bela Vasileva
- Laboratory of Yeast Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology “Acad. R. Tsanev”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1123 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Bonka Lozanska
- Laboratory of Yeast Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology “Acad. R. Tsanev”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1123 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Dessislava Staneva
- Laboratory of Yeast Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology “Acad. R. Tsanev”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1123 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Penyo Ivanov
- Laboratory of Yeast Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology “Acad. R. Tsanev”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1123 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Monika Kula-Maximenko
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
| | - Eliza Molestak
- Department of Molecular Biology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Marek Tchórzewski
- Department of Molecular Biology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - George Miloshev
- Laboratory of Yeast Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology “Acad. R. Tsanev”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1123 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Milena Georgieva
- Laboratory of Yeast Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology “Acad. R. Tsanev”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1123 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (M.G.)
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4
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Li YN, Zhang SB, Lv YY, Zhai HC, Cai JP, Hu YS. Linalool, the main volatile constituent from Zanthoxylum schinifolium pericarp, prevents growth of Aspergillus flavus in post-harvest grains. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.108967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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5
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Warnsmann V, Marschall LM, Meeßen AC, Wolters M, Schürmanns L, Basoglu M, Eimer S, Osiewacz HD. Disruption of the MICOS complex leads to an aberrant cristae structure and an unexpected, pronounced lifespan extension in Podospora anserina. J Cell Biochem 2022; 123:1306-1326. [PMID: 35616269 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic eukaryotic organelles involved in a variety of essential cellular processes including the generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reactive oxygen species as well as in the control of apoptosis and autophagy. Impairments of mitochondrial functions lead to aging and disease. Previous work with the ascomycete Podospora anserina demonstrated that mitochondrial morphotype as well as mitochondrial ultrastructure change during aging. The latter goes along with an age-dependent reorganization of the inner mitochondrial membrane leading to a change from lamellar cristae to vesicular structures. Particularly from studies with yeast, it is known that besides the F1 Fo -ATP-synthase and the phospholipid cardiolipin also the "mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system" (MICOS) complex, existing of the Mic60- and Mic10-subcomplex, is essential for proper cristae formation. In the present study, we aimed to understand the mechanistic basis of age-related changes in the mitochondrial ultrastructure. We observed that MICOS subunits are coregulated at the posttranscriptional level. This regulation partially depends on the mitochondrial iAAA-protease PaIAP. Most surprisingly, we made the counterintuitive observation that, despite the loss of lamellar cristae and of mitochondrial impairments, the ablation of MICOS subunits (except for PaMIC12) leads to a pronounced lifespan extension. Moreover, simultaneous ablation of subunits of both MICOS subcomplexes synergistically increases lifespan, providing formal genetic evidence that both subcomplexes affect lifespan by different and at least partially independent pathways. At the molecular level, we found that ablation of Mic10-subcomplex components leads to a mitohormesis-induced lifespan extension, while lifespan extension of Mic60-subcomplex mutants seems to be controlled by pathways involved in the control of phospholipid homeostasis. Overall, our data demonstrate that both MICOS subcomplexes have different functions and play distinct roles in the aging process of P. anserina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Warnsmann
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lisa-Marie Marschall
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Anja C Meeßen
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Maike Wolters
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lea Schürmanns
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Marion Basoglu
- Institute for Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Biosciences, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stefan Eimer
- Institute for Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Biosciences, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Heinz D Osiewacz
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
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6
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Lifespan Extension of Podospora anserina Mic60-Subcomplex Mutants Depends on Cardiolipin Remodeling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094741. [PMID: 35563132 PMCID: PMC9099538 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Function of mitochondria largely depends on a characteristic ultrastructure with typical invaginations, namely the cristae of the inner mitochondrial membrane. The mitochondrial signature phospholipid cardiolipin (CL), the F1Fo-ATP-synthase, and the ‘mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system’ (MICOS) complex are involved in this process. Previous studies with Podospora anserina demonstrated that manipulation of MICOS leads to altered cristae structure and prolongs lifespan. While longevity of Mic10-subcomplex mutants is induced by mitohormesis, the underlying mechanism in the Mic60-subcomplex deletion mutants was unclear. Since several studies indicated a connection between MICOS and phospholipid composition, we now analyzed the impact of MICOS on mitochondrial phospholipid metabolism. Data from lipidomic analysis identified alterations in phospholipid profile and acyl composition of CL in Mic60-subcomplex mutants. These changes appear to have beneficial effects on membrane properties and promote longevity. Impairments of CL remodeling in a PaMIC60 ablated mutant lead to a complete abrogation of longevity. This effect is reversed by supplementation of the growth medium with linoleic acid, a fatty acid which allows the formation of tetra-octadecanoyl CL. In the PaMic60 deletion mutant, this CL species appears to lead to longevity. Overall, our data demonstrate a tight connection between MICOS, the regulation of mitochondrial phospholipid homeostasis, and aging of P. anserina.
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Warnsmann V, Meisterknecht J, Wittig I, Osiewacz HD. Aging of Podospora anserina Leads to Alterations of OXPHOS and the Induction of Non-Mitochondrial Salvage Pathways. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123319. [PMID: 34943827 PMCID: PMC8699231 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of functionally impaired mitochondria is a key event in aging. Previous works with the fungal aging model Podospora anserina demonstrated pronounced age-dependent changes of mitochondrial morphology and ultrastructure, as well as alterations of transcript and protein levels, including individual proteins of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). The identified protein changes do not reflect the level of the whole protein complexes as they function in-vivo. In the present study, we investigated in detail the age-dependent changes of assembled mitochondrial protein complexes, using complexome profiling. We observed pronounced age-depen-dent alterations of the OXPHOS complexes, including the loss of mitochondrial respiratory supercomplexes (mtRSCs) and a reduction in the abundance of complex I and complex IV. Additionally, we identified a switch from the standard complex IV-dependent respiration to an alternative respiration during the aging of the P. anserina wild type. Interestingly, we identified proteasome components, as well as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteins, for which the recruitment to mitochondria appeared to be increased in the mitochondria of older cultures. Overall, our data demonstrate pronounced age-dependent alterations of the protein complexes involved in energy transduction and suggest the induction of different non-mitochondrial salvage pathways, to counteract the age-dependent mitochondrial impairments which occur during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Warnsmann
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jana Meisterknecht
- Functional Proteomics, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stein-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ilka Wittig
- Functional Proteomics, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stein-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Heinz D Osiewacz
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
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Kato T, Azegami J, Kano M, El Enshasy HA, Park EY. Effects of sirtuins on the riboflavin production in Ashbya gossypii. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:7813-7823. [PMID: 34559286 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11595-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This study focuses on sirtuins, which catalyze the reaction of NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase, for riboflavin production in A. gossypii. Nicotinamide, a known inhibitor of sirtuin, made the color of A. gossypii colonies appear a deeper yellow at 5 mM. A. gossypii has 4 sirtuin genes (AgHST1, AgHST2, AgHST3, AgHST4) and these were disrupted to investigate the role of sirtuins in riboflavin production in A. gossypii. AgHST1∆, AgHST3∆, and AgHST4∆ strains were obtained, but AgHST2∆ was not. The AgHST1∆ and AgHST3∆ strains produced approximately 4.3- and 2.9-fold higher amounts of riboflavin than the WT strain. The AgHST3∆ strain showed a lower human sirtuin 6 (SIRT6)-like activity than the WT strain and only in the AgHST3∆ strain was a higher amount of acetylation of histone H3 K9 and K56 (H3K9ac and H3K56ac) observed compared to the WT strain. These results indicate that AgHst3 is SIRT6-like sirtuin in A. gossypii and the activity has an influence on the riboflavin production in A. gossypii. In the presence of 5 mM hydroxyurea and 50 µM camptothecin, which causes DNA damage, especially double-strand DNA breaks, the color of the WT strain colonies turned a deeper yellow. Additionally, hydroxyurea significantly led to the production of approximately 1.5 higher amounts of riboflavin and camptothecin also enhanced the riboflavin production even through the significant difference was not detected. Camptothecin tended to increase the amount of H3K56ac, but the amount of H3K56ac was not increased by hydroxyurea treatment. This study revealed that AgHst1 and AgHst3 are involved in the riboflavin production in A. gossypii through NAD metabolism and the acetylation of H3, respectively. This new finding is a step toward clarifying the role of sirtuins in riboflavin over-production by A. gossypii.Key points• Nicotinamide enhanced the riboflavin production in Ashbya gossypii.• Disruption of AgHST1 or AgHST3 gene also enhanced the riboflavin production in Ashbya gossypii.• Acetylation of H3K56 led to the enhancement of the riboflavin production in Ashbya gossypii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Kato
- Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan. .,Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan. .,Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan.
| | - Junya Azegami
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Mai Kano
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hesham A El Enshasy
- Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 UTM, Johor Bahru, Malaysia.,City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications, New Borg Al Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Enoch Y Park
- Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan.,Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan.,Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan
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9
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Dawes IW, Perrone GG. Stress and ageing in yeast. FEMS Yeast Res 2021; 20:5670642. [PMID: 31816015 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foz085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There has long been speculation about the role of various stresses in ageing. Some stresses have beneficial effects on ageing-dependent on duration and severity of the stress, others have negative effects and the question arises whether these negative effects are causative of ageing or the result of the ageing process. Cellular responses to many stresses are highly coordinated in a concerted way and hence there is a great deal of cross-talk between different stresses. Here the relevant aspects of the coordination of stress responses and the roles of different stresses on yeast cell ageing are discussed, together with the various functions that are involved. The cellular processes that are involved in alleviating the effects of stress on ageing are considered, together with the possible role of early stress events on subsequent ageing of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian W Dawes
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Gabriel G Perrone
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
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10
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Warnsmann V, Marschall LM, Osiewacz HD. Impaired F 1F o-ATP-Synthase Dimerization Leads to the Induction of Cyclophilin D-Mediated Autophagy-Dependent Cell Death and Accelerated Aging. Cells 2021; 10:757. [PMID: 33808173 PMCID: PMC8066942 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial F1Fo-ATP-synthase dimers play a critical role in shaping and maintenance of mitochondrial ultrastructure. Previous studies have revealed that ablation of the F1Fo-ATP-synthase assembly factor PaATPE of the ascomycete Podospora anserina strongly affects cristae formation, increases hydrogen peroxide levels, impairs mitochondrial function and leads to premature cell death. In the present study, we investigated the underlying mechanistic basis. Compared to the wild type, we observed a slight increase in non-selective and a pronounced increase in mitophagy, the selective vacuolar degradation of mitochondria. This effect depends on the availability of functional cyclophilin D (PaCYPD), the regulator of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). Simultaneous deletion of PaAtpe and PaAtg1, encoding a key component of the autophagy machinery or of PaCypD, led to a reduction of mitophagy and a partial restoration of the wild-type specific lifespan. The same effect was observed in the PaAtpe deletion strain after inhibition of PaCYPD by its specific inhibitor, cyclosporin A. Overall, our data identify autophagy-dependent cell death (ADCD) as part of the cellular response to impaired F1Fo-ATP-synthase dimerization, and emphasize the crucial role of functional mitochondria in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Heinz D. Osiewacz
- Faculty of Biosciences, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany; (V.W.); (L.-M.M.)
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11
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Mohammad K, Baratang Junio JA, Tafakori T, Orfanos E, Titorenko VI. Mechanisms that Link Chronological Aging to Cellular Quiescence in Budding Yeast. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134717. [PMID: 32630624 PMCID: PMC7369985 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
After Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells cultured in a medium with glucose consume glucose, the sub-populations of quiescent and non-quiescent cells develop in the budding yeast culture. An age-related chronology of quiescent and non-quiescent yeast cells within this culture is discussed here. We also describe various hallmarks of quiescent and non-quiescent yeast cells. A complex aging-associated program underlies cellular quiescence in budding yeast. This quiescence program includes a cascade of consecutive cellular events orchestrated by an intricate signaling network. We examine here how caloric restriction, a low-calorie diet that extends lifespan and healthspan in yeast and other eukaryotes, influences the cellular quiescence program in S. cerevisiae. One of the main objectives of this review is to stimulate an exploration of the mechanisms that link cellular quiescence to chronological aging of budding yeast. Yeast chronological aging is defined by the length of time during which a yeast cell remains viable after its growth and division are arrested, and it becomes quiescent. We propose a hypothesis on how caloric restriction can slow chronological aging of S. cerevisiae by altering the chronology and properties of quiescent cells. Our hypothesis posits that caloric restriction delays yeast chronological aging by targeting four different processes within quiescent cells.
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12
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Andréasson C, Ott M, Büttner S. Mitochondria orchestrate proteostatic and metabolic stress responses. EMBO Rep 2019; 20:e47865. [PMID: 31531937 PMCID: PMC6776902 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201947865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The eukaryotic cell is morphologically and functionally organized as an interconnected network of organelles that responds to stress and aging. Organelles communicate via dedicated signal transduction pathways and the transfer of information in form of metabolites and energy levels. Recent data suggest that the communication between organellar proteostasis systems is a cornerstone of cellular stress responses in eukaryotic cells. Here, we discuss the integration of proteostasis and energy fluxes in the regulation of cellular stress and aging. We emphasize the molecular architecture of the regulatory transcriptional pathways that both sense and control metabolism and proteostasis. A special focus is placed on mechanistic insights gained from the model organism budding yeast in signaling from mitochondria to the nucleus and how this shapes cellular fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claes Andréasson
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Ott
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sabrina Büttner
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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13
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Chadwick SR, Fazio EN, Etedali-Zadeh P, Genereaux J, Duennwald ML, Lajoie P. A functional unfolded protein response is required for chronological aging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Curr Genet 2019; 66:263-277. [PMID: 31346745 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-019-01019-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Progressive impairment of proteostasis and accumulation of toxic misfolded proteins are associated with the cellular aging process. Here, we employed chronologically aged yeast cells to investigate how activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) upon accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) affects lifespan. We found that cells lacking a functional UPR display a significantly reduced chronological lifespan, which contrasts previous findings in models of replicative aging. We find exacerbated UPR activation in aged cells, indicating an increase in misfolded protein burden in the ER during the course of aging. We also observed that caloric restriction, which promotes longevity in various model organisms, extends lifespan of UPR-deficient strains. Similarly, aging in pH-buffered media extends lifespan, albeit independently of the UPR. Thus, our data support a role for caloric restriction and reduced acid stress in improving ER homeostasis during aging. Finally, we show that UPR-mediated upregulation of the ER chaperone Kar2 and functional ER-associated degradation (ERAD) are essential for proper aging. Our work documents the central role of secretory protein homeostasis in chronological aging in yeast and highlights that the requirement for a functional UPR can differ between post-mitotic and actively dividing eukaryotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R Chadwick
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Elena N Fazio
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Parnian Etedali-Zadeh
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Julie Genereaux
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Martin L Duennwald
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Patrick Lajoie
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada.
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14
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Scheckhuber CQ. Characterization of survival and stress resistance in S. cerevisiae mutants affected in peroxisome inheritance and proliferation, Δinp1 and Δpex11. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2019; 65:423-429. [PMID: 31273644 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-019-00724-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Baker's yeast is a valuable model system for the study of biological aging as it can be utilized for the measurement of replicative and chronological life spans in response to interventions. Whereas replicative aging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae mirrors dividing mammalian cells, chronological aging is seen in non-dividing cells. Aging is strongly influenced by the cellular organelles, especially by mitochondria which house essential functions like oxidative phosphorylation. Additionally, peroxisomes were shown to modulate the aging process, mainly by their turnover of reactive oxygen species. There is a fundamental interest in understanding how mitochondria and peroxisomes contribute to cellular aging. This work analyzes chronological aging in yeast mutants that are affected in peroxisomal proliferation and inheritance. Deletion of INP1 (retention of peroxisomes in the mother cell) or PEX11 (division of peroxisomes) leads to clearly reduced life spans compared to the wild-type control under conditions which depend on peroxisomal metabolism. Δinp1 cells are long-lived in contrast to the wild type and Δpex11 when assayed under conditions that not necessitate peroxisome function. Neither treatment affects the index of respiratory capacity, indicating fully functional mitochondria. Evaluation of stress resistances reveals that Δinp1 has significantly higher resistance to the apoptosis elicitor acetic acid. Old Δpex11 cells from an oleate culture are more susceptible to hydrogen peroxide treatment compared to Δinp1 and the wild type. Finally, aged cells are hyper-sensitive to heat shock treatment in contrast to young cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Q Scheckhuber
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN - Unidad Monterrey, Parque de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica, CP 66600, Apodaca, Nuevo León, Mexico.
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15
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Deprez MA, Eskes E, Winderickx J, Wilms T. The TORC1-Sch9 pathway as a crucial mediator of chronological lifespan in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEMS Yeast Res 2019; 18:4980911. [PMID: 29788208 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foy048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of ageing is one that has intrigued mankind since the beginning of time and is now more important than ever as the incidence of age-related disorders is increasing in our ageing population. Over the past decades, extensive research has been performed using various model organisms. As such, it has become apparent that many fundamental aspects of biological ageing are highly conserved across large evolutionary distances. In this review, we illustrate that the unicellular eukaryotic organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae has proven to be a valuable tool to gain fundamental insights into the molecular mechanisms of cellular ageing in multicellular eukaryotes. In addition, we outline the current knowledge on how downregulation of nutrient signaling through the target of rapamycin (TOR)-Sch9 pathway or reducing calorie intake attenuates many detrimental effects associated with ageing and leads to the extension of yeast chronological lifespan. Given that both TOR Complex 1 (TORC1) and Sch9 have mammalian orthologues that have been implicated in various age-related disorders, unraveling the connections of TORC1 and Sch9 with yeast ageing may provide additional clues on how their mammalian orthologues contribute to the mechanisms underpinning human ageing and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Anne Deprez
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Elja Eskes
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Joris Winderickx
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Tobias Wilms
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
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16
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Cytoplasmic and Mitochondrial NADPH-Coupled Redox Systems in the Regulation of Aging. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11030504. [PMID: 30818813 PMCID: PMC6471790 DOI: 10.3390/nu11030504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) protects against redox stress by providing reducing equivalents to antioxidants such as glutathione and thioredoxin. NADPH levels decline with aging in several tissues, but whether this is a major driving force for the aging process has not been well established. Global or neural overexpression of several cytoplasmic enzymes that synthesize NADPH have been shown to extend lifespan in model organisms such as Drosophila suggesting a positive relationship between cytoplasmic NADPH levels and longevity. Mitochondrial NADPH plays an important role in the protection against redox stress and cell death and mitochondrial NADPH-utilizing thioredoxin reductase 2 levels correlate with species longevity in cells from rodents and primates. Mitochondrial NADPH shuttles allow for some NADPH flux between the cytoplasm and mitochondria. Since a decline of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is linked with aging and because NADP+ is exclusively synthesized from NAD+ by cytoplasmic and mitochondrial NAD+ kinases, a decline in the cytoplasmic or mitochondrial NADPH pool may also contribute to the aging process. Therefore pro-longevity therapies should aim to maintain the levels of both NAD+ and NADPH in aging tissues.
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17
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Aufschnaiter A, Büttner S. The vacuolar shapes of ageing: From function to morphology. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:957-970. [PMID: 30796938 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cellular ageing results in accumulating damage to various macromolecules and the progressive decline of organelle function. Yeast vacuoles as well as their counterpart in higher eukaryotes, the lysosomes, emerge as central organelles in lifespan determination. These acidic organelles integrate enzymatic breakdown and recycling of cellular waste with nutrient sensing, storage, signalling and mobilization. Establishing physical contact with virtually all other organelles, vacuoles serve as hubs of cellular homeostasis. Studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae contributed substantially to our understanding of the ageing process per se and the multifaceted roles of vacuoles/lysosomes in the maintenance of cellular fitness with progressing age. Here, we discuss the multiple roles of the vacuole during ageing, ranging from vacuolar dynamics and acidification as determinants of lifespan to the function of this organelle as waste bin, recycling facility, nutrient reservoir and integrator of nutrient signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Aufschnaiter
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Humboldtstraße 50, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Sabrina Büttner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Humboldtstraße 50, 8010 Graz, Austria; Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 20C, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
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18
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Molon M, Panek A, Molestak E, Skoneczny M, Tchorzewski M, Wnuk M. Daughters of the budding yeast from old mothers have shorter replicative lifespans but not total lifespans. Are DNA damage and rDNA instability the factors that determine longevity? Cell Cycle 2018; 17:1173-1187. [PMID: 29895191 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1464846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Although a lot of effort has been put into the search for factors responsible for aging in yeast mother cells, our knowledge of cellular changes in daughter cells originating from old mothers is still very limited. It has been shown that an old mother is not able to compensate for all negative changes within its cell and therefore transfers them to the bud. In this paper, we show for the first time that daughter cells of an old mother have a reset lifespan expressed in units of time despite drastic reduction of their budding lifespan, which suggests that a single yeast cell has a fixed programmed longevity regardless of the time point at which it was originated. Moreover, in our study we found that longevity parameters are not correlated with the rDNA level, DNA damage, chromosome structure or aging parameters (budding lifespan and total lifespan).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Molon
- a Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology , University of Rzeszow , Rzeszow , Poland
| | - Anita Panek
- b Department of Genetics , University of Rzeszow , Rzeszow , Poland
| | - Eliza Molestak
- c Department of Molecular Biology , Maria Curie-Sklodowska University , Lublin , Poland
| | - Marek Skoneczny
- d Department of Genetics , Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Marek Tchorzewski
- c Department of Molecular Biology , Maria Curie-Sklodowska University , Lublin , Poland
| | - Maciej Wnuk
- b Department of Genetics , University of Rzeszow , Rzeszow , Poland
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19
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Suhm T, Kaimal JM, Dawitz H, Peselj C, Masser AE, Hanzén S, Ambrožič M, Smialowska A, Björck ML, Brzezinski P, Nyström T, Büttner S, Andréasson C, Ott M. Mitochondrial Translation Efficiency Controls Cytoplasmic Protein Homeostasis. Cell Metab 2018; 27:1309-1322.e6. [PMID: 29754951 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cellular proteostasis is maintained via the coordinated synthesis, maintenance, and breakdown of proteins in the cytosol and organelles. While biogenesis of the mitochondrial membrane complexes that execute oxidative phosphorylation depends on cytoplasmic translation, it is unknown how translation within mitochondria impacts cytoplasmic proteostasis and nuclear gene expression. Here we have analyzed the effects of mutations in the highly conserved accuracy center of the yeast mitoribosome. Decreased accuracy of mitochondrial translation shortened chronological lifespan, impaired management of cytosolic protein aggregates, and elicited a general transcriptional stress response. In striking contrast, increased accuracy extended lifespan, improved cytosolic aggregate clearance, and suppressed a normally stress-induced, Msn2/4-dependent interorganellar proteostasis transcription program (IPTP) that regulates genes important for mitochondrial proteostasis. Collectively, the data demonstrate that cytosolic protein homeostasis and nuclear stress signaling are controlled by mitochondrial translation efficiency in an inter-connected organelle quality control network that determines cellular lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Suhm
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Hannah Dawitz
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carlotta Peselj
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna E Masser
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sarah Hanzén
- Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 90 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Matevž Ambrožič
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Agata Smialowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden; National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden (NBIS), Science for Life Laboratory, SE-17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Markus L Björck
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Brzezinski
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Nyström
- Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 90 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Sabrina Büttner
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden; Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Claes Andréasson
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Martin Ott
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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20
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Leonov A, Arlia-Ciommo A, Bourque SD, Koupaki O, Kyryakov P, Dakik P, McAuley M, Medkour Y, Mohammad K, Di Maulo T, Titorenko VI. Specific changes in mitochondrial lipidome alter mitochondrial proteome and increase the geroprotective efficiency of lithocholic acid in chronologically aging yeast. Oncotarget 2018; 8:30672-30691. [PMID: 28410198 PMCID: PMC5458158 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously found that exogenously added lithocholic acid delays yeast chronological aging. We demonstrated that lithocholic acid enters the yeast cell, is sorted to mitochondria, resides in both mitochondrial membranes, changes the relative concentrations of different membrane phospholipids, triggers changes in the concentrations of many mitochondrial proteins, and alters some key aspects of mitochondrial functionality. We hypothesized that the lithocholic acid-driven changes in mitochondrial lipidome may have a causal role in the remodeling of mitochondrial proteome, which may in turn alter the functional state of mitochondria to create a mitochondrial pattern that delays yeast chronological aging. Here, we test this hypothesis by investigating how the ups1?, ups2? and psd1? mutations that eliminate enzymes involved in mitochondrial phospholipid metabolism influence the mitochondrial lipidome. We also assessed how these mutations affect the mitochondrial proteome, influence mitochondrial functionality and impinge on the efficiency of aging delay by lithocholic acid. Our findings provide evidence that 1) lithocholic acid initially creates a distinct pro-longevity pattern of mitochondrial lipidome by proportionally decreasing phosphatidylethanolamine and cardiolipin concentrations to maintain equimolar concentrations of these phospholipids, and by increasing phosphatidic acid concentration; 2) this pattern of mitochondrial lipidome allows to establish a specific, aging-delaying pattern of mitochondrial proteome; and 3) this pattern of mitochondrial proteome plays an essential role in creating a distinctive, geroprotective pattern of mitochondrial functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Leonov
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Simon D Bourque
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Olivia Koupaki
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pavlo Kyryakov
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Paméla Dakik
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mélissa McAuley
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Younes Medkour
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Karamat Mohammad
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tamara Di Maulo
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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21
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Yi JK, Xu R, Jeong E, Mileva I, Truman JP, Lin CL, Wang K, Snider J, Wen S, Obeid LM, Hannun YA, Mao C. Aging-related elevation of sphingoid bases shortens yeast chronological life span by compromising mitochondrial function. Oncotarget 2018; 7:21124-44. [PMID: 27008706 PMCID: PMC5008273 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingoid bases (SBs) as bioactive sphingolipids, have been implicated in aging in yeast. However, we know neither how SBs are regulated during yeast aging nor how they, in turn, regulate it. Herein, we demonstrate that the yeast alkaline ceramidases (YPC1 and YDC1) and SB kinases (LCB4 and LCB5) cooperate in regulating SBs during the aging process and that SBs shortens chronological life span (CLS) by compromising mitochondrial functions. With a lipidomics approach, we found that SBs were increased in a time-dependent manner during yeast aging. We also demonstrated that among the enzymes known for being responsible for the metabolism of SBs, YPC1 was upregulated whereas LCB4/5 were downregulated in the course of aging. This inverse regulation of YPC1 and LCB4/5 led to the aging-related upregulation of SBs in yeast and a reduction in CLS. With the proteomics-based approach (SILAC), we revealed that increased SBs altered the levels of proteins related to mitochondria. Further mechanistic studies demonstrated that increased SBs inhibited mitochondrial fusion and caused fragmentation, resulting in decreases in mtDNA copy numbers, ATP levels, mitochondrial membrane potentials, and oxygen consumption. Taken together, these results suggest that increased SBs mediate the aging process by impairing mitochondrial structural integrity and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Kyo Yi
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Ruijuan Xu
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Eunmi Jeong
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Izolda Mileva
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | | | - Chih-Li Lin
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Justin Snider
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Sally Wen
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Lina M Obeid
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Northport Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport, NY, USA
| | - Yusuf A Hannun
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Cungui Mao
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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22
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Starvation signals in yeast are integrated to coordinate metabolic reprogramming and stress response to ensure longevity. Curr Genet 2017; 63:839-843. [PMID: 28444510 PMCID: PMC5605593 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-017-0697-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Studies on replicative and chronological aging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae have greatly advanced our understanding of how longevity is regulated in all eukaryotes. Chronological lifespan (CLS) of yeast is defined as the age-dependent viability of non-dividing cell populations. A number of nutrient sensing and signal transduction pathways (mainly TOR and PKA) have been shown to regulate CLS, yet it is poorly understood how the starvation signals transduced via these pathways lead to CLS extension. Using reporters whose expressions are induced by glucose starvation, we have screened the majority of the 'signaling' mutants in the yeast genome and identified many genes that are necessary for stress response. Subsequent analyses of the 'signaling' mutants not only revealed novel regulators of CLS, such as the GSK-3 ortholog Mck1, but also demonstrated that starvation signals transmitted by SNF1/AMPK, PKC1 and those negatively regulated by TOR/PKA, including Rim15, Yak1 and Mck1 kinases, are integrated to enable metabolic reprogramming and the acquisition of stress resistance. Coordinated metabolic reprogramming ensures the accumulation of storage carbohydrates for quiescent cells to maintain viability. We provide new evidence that Yak1, Rim15 and Mck1 kinases cooperate to activate H2O2-scanvenging activities, thus limiting the levels of ROS in cells entering quiescence. These findings support the recent advances in higher organisms that the flexibility of metabolic reprogramming and the balance between energetics and stress resistance are the unifying principles of lifespan extension. Future work to reveal how the metabolic switch and stress response is coordinated will help delineate the molecular mechanisms of aging in yeast and shed novel insight into aging/anti-aging principles in higher organisms.
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23
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González-Mariscal I, Martín-Montalvo A, Ojeda-González C, Rodríguez-Eguren A, Gutiérrez-Ríos P, Navas P, Santos-Ocaña C. Balanced CoQ 6 biosynthesis is required for lifespan and mitophagy in yeast. MICROBIAL CELL 2017; 4:38-51. [PMID: 28357388 PMCID: PMC5349121 DOI: 10.15698/mic2017.02.556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q is an essential lipid with redox capacity that is present in all
organisms. In yeast its biosynthesis depends on a multiprotein complex in which
Coq7 protein has both catalytic and regulatory functions. Coq7 modulates
CoQ6 levels through a phosphorylation cycle, where
dephosphorylation of three amino acids (Ser/Thr) by the mitochondrial
phosphatase Ptc7 increases the levels of CoQ6. Here we analyzed the
role of Ptc7 and the phosphorylation state of Coq7 in yeast mitochondrial
function. The conversion of the three Ser/Thr to alanine led to a permanently
active form of Coq7 that caused a 2.5-fold increase of CoQ6 levels,
albeit decreased mitochondrial respiratory chain activity and oxidative stress
resistance capacity. This resulted in an increase in endogenous ROS production
and shortened the chronological life span (CLS) compared to wild type. The null
PTC7 mutant (ptc7∆) strain showed a lower
biosynthesis rate of CoQ6 and a significant shortening of the CLS.
The reduced CLS observed in ptc7Δ was restored by the
overexpression of PTC7 but not by the addition of exogenous
CoQ6. Overexpression of PTC7 increased mitophagy
in a wild type strain. This finding suggests an additional Ptc7 function beyond
the regulation of CoQ biosynthesis. Genetic disruption of PTC7
prevented mitophagy activation in conditions of nitrogen deprivation. In brief,
we show that, in yeast, Ptc7 modulates the adaptation to respiratory metabolism
by dephosphorylating Coq7 to supply newly synthesized CoQ6, and by
activating mitophagy to remove defective mitochondria at stationary phase,
guaranteeing a proper CLS in yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel González-Mariscal
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC, CIBERER Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla, 41013, Spain
| | - Aléjandro Martín-Montalvo
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC, CIBERER Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla, 41013, Spain
| | - Cristina Ojeda-González
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC, CIBERER Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla, 41013, Spain
| | - Adolfo Rodríguez-Eguren
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC, CIBERER Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla, 41013, Spain
| | - Purificación Gutiérrez-Ríos
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC, CIBERER Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla, 41013, Spain
| | - Plácido Navas
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC, CIBERER Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla, 41013, Spain
| | - Carlos Santos-Ocaña
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC, CIBERER Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla, 41013, Spain
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García-Marqués S, Randez-Gil F, Dupont S, Garre E, Prieto JA. Sng1 associates with Nce102 to regulate the yeast Pkh-Ypk signalling module in response to sphingolipid status. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1863:1319-33. [PMID: 27033517 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
All cells are delimited by biological membranes, which are consequently a primary target of stress-induced damage. Cold alters membrane functionality by decreasing lipid fluidity and the activity of membrane proteins. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, evidence links sphingolipid homeostasis and membrane phospholipid asymmetry to the activity of the Ypk1/2 proteins, the yeast orthologous of the mammalian SGK1-3 kinases. Their regulation is mediated by different protein kinases, including the PDK1 orthologous Pkh1/2p, and requires the function of protein effectors, among them Nce102p, a component of the sphingolipid sensor machinery. Nevertheless, the mechanisms and the actors involved in Pkh/Ypk regulation remain poorly defined. Here, we demonstrate that Sng1, a transmembrane protein, is an effector of the Pkh/Ypk module and identify the phospholipid asymmetry as key for yeast cold adaptation. Overexpression of SNG1 impairs phospholipid flipping, reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) and improves, in a Pkh-dependent manner, yeast growth in myriocin-treated cells, suggesting that excess Sng1p stimulates the Pkh/Ypk signalling. Furthermore, we link these effects to the association of Sng1p with Nce102p. Indeed, we found that Sng1p interacts with Nce102p both physically and genetically. Moreover, mutant nce102∆ sng1∆ cells show features of impaired Pkh/Ypk signalling, including increased ROS accumulation, reduced life span and defects in Pkh/Ypk-controlled regulatory pathways. Finally, myriocin-induced hyperphosphorylation of Ypk1p and Orm2p, which controls sphingolipid homeostasis, does not occur in nce102∆ sng1∆ cells. Hence, both Nce102p and Sng1p participate in a regulatory circuit that controls the activity of the Pkh/Ypk module and their function is required in response to sphingolipid status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara García-Marqués
- Department of Biotechnology, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. Agustín Escardino, 7. 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisca Randez-Gil
- Department of Biotechnology, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. Agustín Escardino, 7. 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sebastien Dupont
- UMR Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques (PAM), AgroSup Dijon/Université de Bourgogne 1, Esplanade Erasme, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Elena Garre
- Department of Biotechnology, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. Agustín Escardino, 7. 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose A Prieto
- Department of Biotechnology, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. Agustín Escardino, 7. 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
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25
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Yeast longevity promoted by reversing aging-associated decline in heavy isotope content. NPJ Aging Mech Dis 2016; 2:16004. [PMID: 28721263 PMCID: PMC5515009 DOI: 10.1038/npjamd.2016.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of metabolism develops with organismal aging. Both genetic and environmental manipulations promote longevity by effectively diverting various metabolic processes against aging. How these processes converge on the metabolome is not clear. Here we report that the heavy isotopic forms of common elements, a universal feature of metabolites, decline in yeast cells undergoing chronological aging. Supplementation of deuterium, a heavy hydrogen isotope, through heavy water (D2O) uptake extends yeast chronological lifespan (CLS) by up to 85% with minimal effects on growth. The CLS extension by D2O bypasses several known genetic regulators, but is abrogated by calorie restriction and mitochondrial deficiency. Heavy water substantially suppresses endogenous generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and slows the pace of metabolic consumption and disposal. Protection from aging by heavy isotopes might result from kinetic modulation of biochemical reactions. Altogether, our findings reveal a novel perspective of aging and new means for promoting longevity.
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26
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Knuppertz L, Osiewacz HD. Orchestrating the network of molecular pathways affecting aging: Role of nonselective autophagy and mitophagy. Mech Ageing Dev 2016; 153:30-40. [PMID: 26814678 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is best known as a mechanism involved in cellular recycling of biomolecules during periods of nutritional starvation. More recently, an additional function of autophagy emerged: the selective degradation of functionally impaired or surplus proteins, organelles and invading bacteria. With this function autophagy is integrated in a network of pathways involved in molecular and cellular quality control with a key impact on development and aging. Impairments in the autophagic machinery lead to accelerated aging and the development of diseases. Here we focus on the role of nonselective autophagy and mitophagy, the selective autophagic degradation of mitochondria, on aging and lifespan of biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Knuppertz
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences and Cluster of Excellence Frankfurt Macromolecular Complexes, Department of Biosciences, J. W. Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Heinz D Osiewacz
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences and Cluster of Excellence Frankfurt Macromolecular Complexes, Department of Biosciences, J. W. Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
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27
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Kwon YY, Choi KM, Cho C, Lee CK. Mitochondrial Efficiency-Dependent Viability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mutants Carrying Individual Electron Transport Chain Component Deletions. Mol Cells 2015; 38:1054-63. [PMID: 26608359 PMCID: PMC4696996 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2015.0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a crucial role in eukaryotic cells; the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) generates adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which serves as an energy source for numerous critical cellular activities. However, the ETC also generates deleterious reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a natural byproduct of oxidative phosphorylation. ROS are considered the major cause of aging because they damage proteins, lipids, and DNA by oxidation. We analyzed the chronological life span, growth phenotype, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and intracellular ATP and mitochondrial superoxide levels of 33 single ETC component-deleted strains during the chronological aging process. Among the ETC mutant strains, 14 (sdh1Δ, sdh2Δ, sdh4Δ, cor1Δ, cyt1Δ, qcr7Δ, qcr8Δ, rip1Δ, cox6Δ, cox7Δ, cox9Δ, atp4Δ, atp7Δ, and atp17Δ) showed a significantly shorter life span. The deleted genes encode important elements of the ETC components succinate dehydrogenase (complex II) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV), and some of the deletions lead to structural instability of the membrane-F1F0-ATP synthase due to mutations in the stator stalk (complex V). These short-lived strains generated higher superoxide levels and produced lower ATP levels without alteration of MMP. In summary, ETC mutations decreased the life span of yeast due to impaired mitochondrial efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Yon Kwon
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701,
Korea
| | - Kyung-Mi Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701,
Korea
| | - ChangYeon Cho
- Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonbuk 590-832,
Korea
| | - Cheol-Koo Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701,
Korea
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28
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Mitochondrial responsibility in ageing process: innocent, suspect or guilty. Biogerontology 2015; 16:599-620. [PMID: 26105157 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-015-9585-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ageing is accompanied by the accumulation of damaged molecules in cells due to the injury produced by external and internal stressors. Among them, reactive oxygen species produced by cell metabolism, inflammation or other enzymatic processes are considered key factors. However, later research has demonstrated that a general mitochondrial dysfunction affecting electron transport chain activity, mitochondrial biogenesis and turnover, apoptosis, etc., seems to be in a central position to explain ageing. This key role is based on several effects from mitochondrial-derived ROS production to the essential maintenance of balanced metabolic activities in old organisms. Several studies have demonstrated caloric restriction, exercise or bioactive compounds mainly found in plants, are able to affect the activity and turnover of mitochondria by increasing biogenesis and mitophagy, especially in postmitotic tissues. Then, it seems that mitochondria are in the centre of metabolic procedures to be modified to lengthen life- or health-span. In this review we show the importance of mitochondria to explain the ageing process in different models or organisms (e.g. yeast, worm, fruitfly and mice). We discuss if the cause of aging is dependent on mitochondrial dysfunction of if the mitochondrial changes observed with age are a consequence of events taking place outside the mitochondrial compartment.
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29
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Kaya A, Lobanov AV, Gladyshev VN. Evidence that mutation accumulation does not cause aging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Aging Cell 2015; 14:366-71. [PMID: 25702753 PMCID: PMC4406665 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept that mutations cause aging phenotypes could not be directly tested previously due to inability to identify age-related mutations in somatic cells and determine their impact on organismal aging. Here, we subjected Saccharomyces cerevisiae to multiple rounds of replicative aging and assessed de novo mutations in daughters of mothers of different age. Mutations did increase with age, but their low numbers, < 1 per lifespan, excluded their causal role in aging. Structural genome changes also had no role. A mutant lacking thiol peroxidases had the mutation rate well above that of wild-type cells, but this did not correspond to the aging pattern, as old wild-type cells with few or no mutations were dying, whereas young mutant cells with many more mutations continued dividing. In addition, wild-type cells lost mitochondrial DNA during aging, whereas shorter-lived mutant cells preserved it, excluding a causal role of mitochondrial mutations in aging. Thus, DNA mutations do not cause aging in yeast. These findings may apply to other damage types, suggesting a causal role of cumulative damage, as opposed to individual damage types, in organismal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaattin Kaya
- Division of Genetics Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Alexei V. Lobanov
- Division of Genetics Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Vadim N. Gladyshev
- Division of Genetics Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
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30
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Mechanisms by which different functional states of mitochondria define yeast longevity. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:5528-54. [PMID: 25768339 PMCID: PMC4394491 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16035528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial functionality is vital to organismal physiology. A body of evidence supports the notion that an age-related progressive decline in mitochondrial function is a hallmark of cellular and organismal aging in evolutionarily distant eukaryotes. Studies of the baker’s yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a unicellular eukaryote, have led to discoveries of genes, signaling pathways and chemical compounds that modulate longevity-defining cellular processes in eukaryotic organisms across phyla. These studies have provided deep insights into mechanistic links that exist between different traits of mitochondrial functionality and cellular aging. The molecular mechanisms underlying the essential role of mitochondria as signaling organelles in yeast aging have begun to emerge. In this review, we discuss recent progress in understanding mechanisms by which different functional states of mitochondria define yeast longevity, outline the most important unanswered questions and suggest directions for future research.
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31
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Binai NA, Bisschops MMM, van Breukelen B, Mohammed S, Loeff L, Pronk JT, Heck AJR, Daran-Lapujade P, Slijper M. Proteome adaptation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to severe calorie restriction in Retentostat cultures. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:3542-53. [PMID: 25000127 DOI: 10.1021/pr5003388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Stationary-phase, carbon-starved shake-flask cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are popular models for studying eukaryotic chronological aging. However, their nutrient-starved physiological status differs substantially from that of postmitotic metazoan cells. Retentostat cultures offer an attractive alternative model system in which yeast cells, maintained under continuous calorie restriction, hardly divide but retain high metabolic activity and viability for prolonged periods of time. Using TMT labeling and UHPLC-MS/MS, the present study explores the proteome of yeast cultures during transition from exponential growth to near-zero growth in severely calorie-restricted retentostats. This transition elicited protein level changes in 20% of the yeast proteome. Increased abundance of heat shock-related proteins correlated with increased transcript levels of the corresponding genes and was consistent with a strongly increased heat shock tolerance of retentostat-grown cells. A sizable fraction (43%) of the proteins with increased abundance under calorie restriction was involved in oxidative phosphorylation and in various mitochondrial functions that, under the anaerobic, nongrowing conditions used, have a very limited role. Although it may seem surprising that yeast cells confronted with severe calorie restriction invest in the synthesis of proteins that, under those conditions, do not contribute to fitness, these responses may confer metabolic flexibility and thereby a selective advantage in fluctuating natural habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine A Binai
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University , Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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32
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Breitenbach M, Rinnerthaler M, Hartl J, Stincone A, Vowinckel J, Breitenbach-Koller H, Ralser M. Mitochondria in ageing: there is metabolism beyond the ROS. FEMS Yeast Res 2014; 14:198-212. [PMID: 24373480 DOI: 10.1111/1567-1364.12134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are responsible for a series of metabolic functions. Superoxide leakage from the respiratory chain and the resulting cascade of reactive oxygen species-induced damage, as well as mitochondrial metabolism in programmed cell death, have been intensively studied during ageing in single-cellular and higher organisms. Changes in mitochondrial physiology and metabolism resulting in ROS are thus considered to be hallmarks of ageing. In this review, we address 'other' metabolic activities of mitochondria, carbon metabolism (the TCA cycle and related underground metabolism), the synthesis of Fe/S clusters and the metabolic consequences of mitophagy. These important mitochondrial activities are hitherto less well-studied in the context of cellular and organismic ageing. In budding yeast, they strongly influence replicative, chronological and hibernating lifespan, connecting the diverse ageing phenotypes studied in this single-cellular model organism. Moreover, there is evidence that similar processes equally contribute to ageing of higher organisms as well. In this scenario, increasing loss of metabolic integrity would be one driving force that contributes to the ageing process. Understanding mitochondrial metabolism may thus be required for achieving a unifying theory of eukaryotic ageing.
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33
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Bereiter-Hahn J. Do we age because we have mitochondria? PROTOPLASMA 2014; 251:3-23. [PMID: 23794102 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-013-0515-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The process of aging remains a great riddle. Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by mitochondria is an inevitable by-product of respiration, which has led to a hypothesis proposing the oxidative impairment of mitochondrial components (e.g., mtDNA, proteins, lipids) that initiates a vicious cycle of dysfunctional respiratory complexes producing more ROS, which again impairs function. This does not exclude other processes acting in parallel or targets for ROS action in other organelles than mitochondria. Given that aging is defined as the process leading to death, the role of mitochondria-based impairments in those organ systems responsible for human death (e.g., the cardiovascular system, cerebral dysfunction, and cancer) is described within the context of "garbage" accumulation and increasing insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and glycation of proteins. Mitochondrial mass, fusion, and fission are important factors in coping with impaired function. Both biogenesis of mitochondria and their degradation are important regulatory mechanisms stimulated by physical exercise and contribute to healthy aging. The hypothesis of mitochondria-related aging should be revised to account for the limitations of the degradative capacity of the lysosomal system. The processes involved in mitochondria-based impairments are very similar across a large range of organisms. Therefore, studies on model organisms from yeast, fungi, nematodes, flies to vertebrates, and from cells to organisms also add considerably to the understanding of human aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Bereiter-Hahn
- Institut für Zellbiologie und Neurowissenschaften, Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Lauestrasse 13, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany,
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34
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Eid R, Sheibani S, Gharib N, Lapointe JF, Horowitz A, Vali H, Mandato CA, Greenwood MT. Human ribosomal protein L9 is a Bax suppressor that promotes cell survival in yeast. FEMS Yeast Res 2013; 14:495-507. [DOI: 10.1111/1567-1364.12121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rawan Eid
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Royal Military College; Kingston ON Canada
| | - Sara Sheibani
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Royal Military College; Kingston ON Canada
| | - Nada Gharib
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Royal Military College; Kingston ON Canada
| | - Jason F. Lapointe
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology; McGill University; Montreal QC Canada
| | - Avital Horowitz
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Royal Military College; Kingston ON Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology; McGill University; Montreal QC Canada
| | - Hojatollah Vali
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology; McGill University; Montreal QC Canada
| | - Craig A. Mandato
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology; McGill University; Montreal QC Canada
| | - Michael T. Greenwood
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Royal Military College; Kingston ON Canada
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35
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Ayer A, Gourlay CW, Dawes IW. Cellular redox homeostasis, reactive oxygen species and replicative ageing inSaccharomyces cerevisiae. FEMS Yeast Res 2013; 14:60-72. [DOI: 10.1111/1567-1364.12114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Ayer
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences; University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW Australia
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute; Darlinghurst NSW Australia
| | | | - Ian W. Dawes
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences; University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW Australia
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36
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Swinnen E, Ghillebert R, Wilms T, Winderickx J. Molecular mechanisms linking the evolutionary conserved TORC1-Sch9 nutrient signalling branch to lifespan regulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEMS Yeast Res 2013; 14:17-32. [PMID: 24102693 DOI: 10.1111/1567-1364.12097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The knowledge on the molecular aspects regulating ageing in eukaryotic organisms has benefitted greatly from studies using the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Indeed, many aspects involved in the control of lifespan appear to be well conserved among species. Of these, the lifespan-extending effects of calorie restriction (CR) and downregulation of nutrient signalling through the target of rapamycin (TOR) pathway are prime examples. Here, we present an overview on the molecular mechanisms by which these interventions mediate lifespan extension in yeast. Several models have been proposed in the literature, which should be seen as complementary, instead of contradictory. Results indicate that CR mediates a large amount of its effect by downregulating signalling through the TORC1-Sch9 branch. In addition, we note that Sch9 is more than solely a downstream effector of TORC1, and documented connections with sphingolipid metabolism may be particularly interesting for future research on ageing mechanisms. As Sch9 comprises the yeast orthologue of the mammalian PKB/Akt and S6K1 kinases, future studies in yeast may continue to serve as an attractive model to elucidate conserved mechanisms involved in ageing and age-related diseases in humans.
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37
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Lefevre SD, Roermund CW, Wanders RJA, Veenhuis M, Klei IJ. The significance of peroxisome function in chronological aging of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Aging Cell 2013; 12:784-93. [PMID: 23755917 PMCID: PMC3824234 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied the chronological lifespan of glucose-grown Saccharomyces cerevisiae in relation to the function of intact peroxisomes. We analyzed four different peroxisome-deficient (pex) phenotypes. These included Δpex3 cells that lack peroxisomal membranes and in which all peroxisomal proteins are mislocalized together with Δpex6 in which all matrix proteins are mislocalized to the cytosol, whereas membrane proteins are still correctly sorted to peroxisomal ghosts. In addition, we analyzed two mutants in which the peroxisomal location of the β-oxidation machinery is in part disturbed. We analyzed Δpex7 cells that contain virtually normal peroxisomes, except that all matrix proteins that contain a peroxisomal targeting signal type 2 (PTS2, also including thiolase), are mislocalized to the cytosol. In Δpex5 cells, peroxisomes only contain matrix proteins with a PTS2 in conjunction with all proteins containing a peroxisomal targeting signal type 1 (PTS1, including all β-oxidation enzymes except thiolase) are mislocalized to the cytosol. We show that intact peroxisomes are an important factor in yeast chronological aging because all pex mutants showed a reduced chronological lifespan. The strongest reduction was observed in Δpex5 cells. Our data indicate that this is related to the complete inactivation of the peroxisomal β-oxidation pathway in these cells due to the mislocalization of thiolase. Our studies suggest that during chronological aging, peroxisomal β-oxidation contributes to energy generation by the oxidation of fatty acids that are released by degradation of storage materials and recycled cellular components during carbon starvation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie D. Lefevre
- Molecular Cell Biology Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB) University of Groningen P.O. Box 111039700CC Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Carlo W. Roermund
- Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Chemistry Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseases Academic Medical Centre University of Amsterdam 1105 AZ Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Ronald J. A. Wanders
- Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Chemistry Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseases Academic Medical Centre University of Amsterdam 1105 AZ Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Marten Veenhuis
- Molecular Cell Biology Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB) University of Groningen P.O. Box 111039700CC Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Ida J. Klei
- Molecular Cell Biology Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB) University of Groningen P.O. Box 111039700CC Groningen The Netherlands
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38
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Beach A, Richard VR, Leonov A, Burstein MT, Bourque SD, Koupaki O, Juneau M, Feldman R, Iouk T, Titorenko VI. Mitochondrial membrane lipidome defines yeast longevity. Aging (Albany NY) 2013; 5:551-74. [PMID: 23924582 PMCID: PMC3765583 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Our studies revealed that lithocholic acid (LCA), a bile acid, is a potent anti-aging natural compound that in yeast cultured under longevity-extending caloric restriction (CR) conditions acts in synergy with CR to enable a significant further increase in chronological lifespan. Here, we investigate a mechanism underlying this robust longevity-extending effect of LCA under CR. We found that exogenously added LCA enters yeast cells, is sorted to mitochondria, resides mainly in the inner mitochondrial membrane, and also associates with the outer mitochondrial membrane. LCA elicits an age-related remodeling of glycerophospholipid synthesis and movement within both mitochondrial membranes, thereby causing substantial changes in mitochondrial membrane lipidome and triggering major changes in mitochondrial size, number and morphology. In synergy, these changes in the membrane lipidome and morphology of mitochondria alter the age-related chronology of mitochondrial respiration, membrane potential, ATP synthesis and reactive oxygen species homeostasis. The LCA-driven alterations in the age-related dynamics of these vital mitochondrial processes extend yeast longevity. In sum, our findings suggest a mechanism underlying the ability of LCA to delay chronological aging in yeast by accumulating in both mitochondrial membranes and altering their glycerophospholipid compositions. We concluded that mitochondrial membrane lipidome plays an essential role in defining yeast longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Beach
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
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39
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Ralser M, Kuhl H, Ralser M, Werber M, Lehrach H, Breitenbach M, Timmermann B. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae W303-K6001 cross-platform genome sequence: insights into ancestry and physiology of a laboratory mutt. Open Biol 2013; 2:120093. [PMID: 22977733 PMCID: PMC3438534 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.120093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain W303 is a widely used model organism. However, little is known about its genetic origins, as it was created in the 1970s from crossing yeast strains of uncertain genealogy. To obtain insights into its ancestry and physiology, we sequenced the genome of its variant W303-K6001, a yeast model of ageing research. The combination of two next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies (Illumina and Roche/454 sequencing) yielded an 11.8 Mb genome assembly at an N50 contig length of 262 kb. Although sequencing was substantially more precise and sensitive than whole-genome tiling arrays, both NGS platforms produced a number of false positives. At a 378× average coverage, only 74 per cent of called differences to the S288c reference genome were confirmed by both techniques. The consensus W303-K6001 genome differs in 8133 positions from S288c, predicting altered amino acid sequence in 799 proteins, including factors of ageing and stress resistance. The W303-K6001 (85.4%) genome is virtually identical (less than equal to 0.5 variations per kb) to S288c, and thus originates in the same ancestor. Non-S288c regions distribute unequally over the genome, with chromosome XVI the most (99.6%) and chromosome XI the least (54.5%) S288c-like. Several of these clusters are shared with Σ1278B, another widely used S288c-related model, indicating that these strains share a second ancestor. Thus, the W303-K6001 genome pictures details of complex genetic relationships between the model strains that date back to the early days of experimental yeast genetics. Moreover, this study underlines the necessity of combining multiple NGS and genome-assembling techniques for achieving accurate variant calling in genomic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Ralser
- Department of Biochemistry and Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK.
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Ralser M, Michel S, Breitenbach M. Sirtuins as regulators of the yeast metabolic network. Front Pharmacol 2012; 3:32. [PMID: 22408620 PMCID: PMC3296958 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2012.00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that the metabolic network is an integral regulator of cellular physiology. Dynamic changes in metabolite concentrations, metabolic flux, or network topology act as reporters of biological or environmental signals, and are required for the cell to trigger an appropriate biological reaction. Changes in the metabolic network are recognized by specific sensory macromolecules and translated into a transcriptional or translational response. The protein family of sirtuins, discovered more than 30 years ago as regulators of silent chromatin, seems to fulfill the role of a metabolic sensor during aging and conditions of caloric restriction. The archetypal sirtuin, yeast silentinformationregulator2 (SIR2), is an NAD+ dependent protein deacetylase that interacts with metabolic enzymes glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase, as well as enzymes involved in NAD(H) synthesis, that provide or deprive NAD+ in its close proximity. This influences sirtuin activity, and facilitates a dynamic response of the metabolic network to changes in metabolism with effects on physiology and aging. The molecular network downstream Sir2, however, is complex. In just two orders, Sir2’s metabolism related interactions span half of the yeast proteome, and are connected with virtually every physiological process. Thus, although it is fundamental to analyze single molecular mechanisms, it is at the same time crucial to consider this genome-scale complexity when correlating single molecular events with complex phenotypes such as aging, cell growth, or stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Ralser
- Department of Biochemistry, Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge Cambridge, UK
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