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Sportes A, Hériché M, Boussageon R, Noceto PA, van Tuinen D, Wipf D, Courty PE. A historical perspective on mycorrhizal mutualism emphasizing arbuscular mycorrhizas and their emerging challenges. MYCORRHIZA 2021; 31:637-653. [PMID: 34657204 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-021-01053-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhiza, one of the oldest interactions on earth (~ 450 million years old) and a first-class partner for plants to colonize emerged land, is considered one of the most pervasive ecological relationships on the globe. Despite how important and old this interaction is, its discovery was very recent compared to the long story of land plant evolution. The story of the arbuscular mycorrhiza cannot be addressed apart from the history, controversies, and speculations about mycorrhiza in its broad sense. The chronicle of mycorrhizal research is marked by multiple key milestones such as the initial description of a "persistent epiderm and pellicular wall structure" by Hartig; the introduction of the "Symbiotismus" and "Mycorrhiza" concepts by Frank; the description of diverse root-fungal morphologies; the first description of arbuscules by Gallaud; Mosse's pivotal statement of the beneficial nature of the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis; the impact of molecular tools on the taxonomy of mycorrhizal fungi as well as the development of in vitro root organ cultures for producing axenic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). An appreciation of the story - full of twists and turns - of the arbuscular mycorrhiza, going from the roots of mycorrhiza history, along with the discovery of different mycorrhiza types such as ectomycorrhiza, can improve research to help face our days' challenge of developing sustainable agriculture that integrates the arbuscular mycorrhiza and its ecosystem services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Sportes
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, INRAE, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Mathilde Hériché
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, INRAE, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Raphaël Boussageon
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, INRAE, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Pierre-Antoine Noceto
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, INRAE, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Diederik van Tuinen
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, INRAE, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Daniel Wipf
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, INRAE, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Pierre Emmanuel Courty
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, INRAE, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
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Bacteria and me: Cell walls, classification, phylogeny and the hidden microbes. Syst Appl Microbiol 2017; 40:321-328. [PMID: 28760568 DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Das S, Pettersson BMF, Behra PRK, Ramesh M, Dasgupta S, Bhattacharya A, Kirsebom LA. The Mycobacterium phlei Genome: Expectations and Surprises. Genome Biol Evol 2016; 8:975-85. [PMID: 26941228 PMCID: PMC4860684 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evw049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium phlei, a nontuberculosis mycobacterial species, was first described in 1898-1899. We present the complete genome sequence for theM. phlei CCUG21000(T)type strain and the draft genomes for four additional strains. The genome size for all five is 5.3 Mb with 69.4% Guanine-Cytosine content. This is ≈0.35 Mbp smaller than the previously reported M. phlei RIVM draft genome. The size difference is attributed partly to large bacteriophage sequence fragments in theM. phlei RIVM genome. Comparative analysis revealed the following: 1) A CRISPR system similar to Type 1E (cas3) in M. phlei RIVM; 2) genes involved in polyamine metabolism and transport (potAD,potF) that are absent in other mycobacteria, and 3) strain-specific variations in the number of σ-factor genes. Moreover,M. phlei has as many as 82 mce(mammalian cell entry) homologs and many of the horizontally acquired genes in M. phlei are present in other environmental bacteria including mycobacteria that share similar habitat. Phylogenetic analysis based on 693 Mycobacterium core genes present in all complete mycobacterial genomes suggested that its closest neighbor is Mycobacterium smegmatis JS623 and Mycobacterium rhodesiae NBB3, while it is more distant toM. smegmatis mc2 155.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarbashis Das
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Box 596, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | | | - Malavika Ramesh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Box 596, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Santanu Dasgupta
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Box 596, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alok Bhattacharya
- School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Leif A Kirsebom
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Box 596, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala, Sweden
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Stackebrandt E, Fowler VJ, Woese CR. A Phylogenetic Analysis of Lactobacilli, Pediococcus pentosaceus and Leuconostoc mesenteroides. Syst Appl Microbiol 2012. [PMID: 23194733 DOI: 10.1016/s0723-2020(83)80019-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. helveticus, L. lactis, L. brevis, L. plantarum, L. ruminis, L. casei, L. bifermentans, L. viridescens, L. fermentum, Pediococcus pentosaceus and Leuconostoc mesenteroides have been characterized by oligonucleotide cataloguing of their 16 S ribosomal RNAs. All Lactobacillus species investigated together with P. pentosaceus and L. mesenteroides form a phylogenetically coherent and ancient group. L. acidophilus and L. helveticus is the only closely related pair of species; all other species are only remotely related among each other, indicating that they are well-defined species. Lactobacillus, together with Streptococcus and Bacillus, constitute a super-cluster within the 'clostridium' sub-branch of Gram-positive eubacteria showing a low guanine plus cytosine content of their deoxyribonucleic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Stackebrandt
- Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie, Technische Universität, München, Federal Republic of Germany
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Taddei A, Rodríguez MJ, Márquez-Vilchez E, Castelli C. Isolation and identification of Streptomyces spp. from Venezuelan soils: Morphological and biochemical studies. I. Microbiol Res 2006; 161:222-31. [PMID: 16765838 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2005.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/06/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The genus Streptomyces is represented in nature by the largest number of species and varieties among the family Actinomycetaceae. They differ greatly in their morphology, physiology, and biochemical activities, producing the majority of known antibiotics. The morphological and biochemical characteristics of 71 Streptomyces spp. isolated from soil samples collected at different places of Venezuela, are presented. A comparative analysis using the statistical software Minitab shows that 67 of these isolates are presumably new strains, since they possess a very low percentage of similarity with other reported species. Only four isolates shared 100% identity with one, two or three reported Streptomyces spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonieta Taddei
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Universidad Simón Bolívar, USB, Apartado 89.000, Caracas 1080-A, Venezuela.
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Embley T, Thomas R, Williams R. Reduced Thermophilic Bias in the 16S rDNA Sequence from Thermus ruber Provides Further Support for a Relationship Between Thermus and Deinococcus. Syst Appl Microbiol 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0723-2020(11)80247-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Kroppenstedt RM, Stackebrandt E, Goodfellow M. Taxonomic Revision of the Actinomycete Genera Actinomadura and Microtetraspora. Syst Appl Microbiol 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0723-2020(11)80162-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Liesack W, Stackebrandt E. Evidence for unlinked rrn operons in the Planctomycete Pirellula marina. J Bacteriol 1989; 171:5025-30. [PMID: 2768196 PMCID: PMC210313 DOI: 10.1128/jb.171.9.5025-5030.1989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Southern hybridization of rRNAs to chromosomal BamHI-digested DNA of the eubacterium Pirellula marina revealed the presence of two sets of 16S and 23S rRNA genes. The two copies of the 23S rRNA genes, located on 11- and about 13-kilobase (kb) inserts, were isolated from a lambda bacteriophage Charon 35 library. The 11-kb fragment was cloned directly into pBR322, while a 5.4-kb BamHI-PstI rDNA subfragment of the approximately 13-kb insert was cloned into pUC18. Both recombinant plasmids, pPI1100 and pPI540, were characterized by restriction enzyme mapping and Southern hybridization with the large rRNA species. Restriction fragments from both inserts were subcloned into phage M13 mp18 and mp19. Correlation of genomic hybridization data with physical characterization of recombinant plasmids showed that, in contrast to the general organization of rrn operons in eubacteria, the 16S rRNA genes of P. marina are separated by at least 8.5 (pPI540) and 4.4 (pPI1100) kb, respectively, from the closely linked 23S-5S rRNA genes. Comparison of the flanking regions from both 23S-5S rRNA genes with published consensus sequences of structural elements indicates the presence of putative transcription signals, i.e., a single Pribnow box, discriminator, antitermination boxes A, B, and C, and a Rho-independent terminator.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Liesack
- Institut für Allgemeine Mikrobiologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Kiel, Federal Republic of Germany
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Stackebrandt E, Wehmeyer U, Schink B. The Phylogenetic Status of Pelobacter acidigallici, Pelobacter venetianus, and Pelobacter carbinolicus. Syst Appl Microbiol 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0723-2020(89)80022-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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10
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Stackebrandt E, Fischer A, Roggentin T, Wehmeyer U, Bomar D, Smida J. A phylogenetic survey of budding, and/or prosthecate, non-phototrophic eubacteria: membership of Hyphomicrobium, Hyphomonas, Pedomicrobium, Filomicrobium, Caulobacter and "dichotomicrobium" to the alpha-subdivision of purple non-sulfur bacteria. Arch Microbiol 1988; 149:547-56. [PMID: 2455491 DOI: 10.1007/bf00446759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The phylogenetic position of various budding and/or or prosthecate Gram-negative eubacteria was determined by different methods. Members of the genera Hyphomicrobium, Filomicrobium, Pedomicrobium were investigated by 16S rRNA cataloguing, a 1373 nucleotide long portion of the 16S rRNA was sequenced from Hyphomicrobium vulgare and the 5S rRNAs were analyzed from two Hyphomicrobium strains, Hyphomonas polymorpha and Caulobacter crescentus. Comparison with published sequences indicated a membership of all of these organisms to the alpha subdivision of purple bacteria. While C. crescentus and Hyphomonas polymorpha constitute separate individual lines of descent, the position of a coherent cluster embracing Hyphomicrobium, Pedomicrobium and Filomicrobium is not yet settled. 16S rRNA cataloguing indicate the presence of a distinct line equivalent to other subgroups in its phylogenetic depth. 5S rRNA analysis, on the other hand, groups Hyphomicrobium vulgare and strain IFAM 1761 with members of subgroup alpha-2 (Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Nitrobacter winogradskyi and relatives). In contrast to the present classification, Pedomicrobium ferrugineum and Filimicrobium fusiforme are more closely related to certain Hyphomicrobium strains than these are related among each other. Budding mode of reproduction and prosthecate morphology are dominating morphological features of members of the alpha subdivision. These characteristics may gain diagnostic significance in a future formal description of this subdivision and its subgroups as a higher rank.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Stackebrandt
- Institut für Allgemeine Mikrobiologie, Christian Albrecht Universität, Kiel, Federal Republic of Germany
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11
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10 The Application of 16S rRNA Cataloguing and 5S rRNA Sequencing in Bacterial Systematics. METHODS IN MICROBIOLOGY 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0580-9517(08)70416-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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12
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13
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Rothe B, Fischer A, Hirsch P, Sittig M, Stackebrandt E. The phylogenetic position of the budding bacteria Blastobacter aggregatus and Gemmobacter aquatilis gen., nov. sp. nov. Arch Microbiol 1987. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00492911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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14
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Fowler VJ, Widdel F, Pfennig N, Woese CR, Stackebrandt E. Phylogenetic Relationships of Sulfate- and Sulfur-Reducing Eubacteria. Syst Appl Microbiol 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/s0723-2020(86)80145-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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15
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16S rRNA analysis of Sporomusa, selenomonas, and Megasphaera: on the phylogenetic origin of Gram-positive Eubacteria. Arch Microbiol 1985. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00411249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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16
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Hennecke H, Kaluza K, Th�ny B, Fuhrmann M, Ludwig W, Stackebrandt E. Concurrent evolution of nitrogenase genes and 16S rRNA in Rhizobium species and other nitrogen fixing bacteria. Arch Microbiol 1985. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00491901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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Fischer A, Roggentin T, Schlesner H, Stackebrandt E. 16S Ribosomal RNA Oligonucleotide Cataloguing and the Phylogenetic Position of Stella humosa. Syst Appl Microbiol 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/s0723-2020(85)80009-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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19
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Ludwig W, Schleifer KH, Stackebrandt E. 16S rRNA analysis ofListeria monocytogenesandBrochothrix thermosphacta. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1984. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1984.tb01456.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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20
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Fowler VJ, Pfennig N, Schubert W, Stackebrandt E. Towards a phylogeny of phototrophic purple sulfur bacteria?16S rRNA oligonucleotide cataloguing of 11 species of Chromatiaceae. Arch Microbiol 1984. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00408384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ziegler I. Pterins and the regulation of lymphocyte activation on the mode of xanthopterin action. HOPPE-SEYLER'S ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIOLOGISCHE CHEMIE 1984; 365:667-73. [PMID: 6207092 DOI: 10.1515/bchm2.1984.365.1.667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Some intermediates of pterin anabolism amplify the lectin-induced lymphocyte stimulation while the catabolites xanthopterin and isoxanthopterin terminate their proliferation (Ziegler, I. et al., Cancer Res. 43, 5356 (1983). In the present investigation, we analysed the effect of xanthopterin on total RNA synthesis and on DNA synthesis in both concanavalin A-stimulated lymphocytes and in the lymphoblastoid cell line L 1210. The time courses at various inhibitor concentrations indicated that xanthopterin inhibits RNA synthesis prior to DNA synthesis. Further analysis of the RNA species was performed by double-labeling and subsequent polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. Pulse and pulse-chase experiments revealed that an inhibition of 45 S pre-RNA is closer to the target of xanthopterin inhibition than is DNA synthesis.
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16 S Ribosomal RNA Studies on the Relationship of a Chloridazon-Degrading Gram-Negative Eubacterium. Syst Appl Microbiol 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/s0723-2020(84)80026-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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23
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Stackebrandt E, Fowler VJ, Schubert W, Imhoff JF. Towards a phylogeny of phototrophic purple sulfur bacteria ? the genus Ectothiorhodospira. Arch Microbiol 1984. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00410736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Stackebrandt E, Ludwig W, Schubert W, Klink F, Schlesner H, Roggentin T, Hirsch P. Molecular genetic evidence for early evolutionary origin of budding peptidoglycan-less eubacteria. Nature 1984; 307:735-7. [PMID: 6700702 DOI: 10.1038/307735a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies on the cell wall composition of budding, non-prosthecate bacteria have shown that representatives of the genera Planctomyces and Pasteuria (sensu Staley, 1973) lack the peptidoglycan moiety, which is the characteristic feature of eubacterial cell walls, but possess an as yet unidentified protein sheet instead; in this respect Planctomyces and Pasteuria strains resemble certain archaebacteria more than eubacteria. To determine their phylogenetic positions, the 16S ribosomal RNAs of three budding, peptidoglycan-less strains with and without stalks were subjected to partial sequence analyses. As we report here, the comparison of data with those obtained from about 320 eubacterial and 40 archaebacterial strains revealed that the strains investigated are not members of the archaebacterial kingdom but represent an ancient line of descent of the eubacterial kingdom. Furthermore the diphtheria toxin reaction of Planctomyces and Pasteuria shows that they behave like eubacteria.
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Agris PF, KiKuchi Y, Gross HJ, Takano M, Sharp GC. Characterization of the autoimmune antigenic determinant for ribonucleoprotein (RNP) antibody. IMMUNOLOGICAL COMMUNICATIONS 1984; 13:137-49. [PMID: 6204927 DOI: 10.3109/08820138409025457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein complexes are antigens in various autoimmune diseases. The serological pattern of high titers of circulating antibody to nuclear ribonucleoprotein (RNP) antigen is a diagnostic marker for mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD); whereas antibody to Sm is prevalent in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Both calf thymus and rabbit thymus are commonly used, excellent sources for preparation of the corresponding antigens RNP and Sm in clinical and research laboratories (A. M. Boak et al., accompanying paper). Thus, biochemical and structural characterization of the minimal antigenic determinant in these preparations is important for its use in the laboratory, as well as significant for understanding MCTD, SLE, and other examples of autoimmunity. Purification and biochemical analyses of immunologically active RNP from many different preparations of calf thymus extract has revealed that the majority of antibody in monospecific MCTD patient sera recognizes an antigen composed of the 165 nucleotide RNA, U1 RNA, and five peptides. Calf thymus U1 RNA was found to be identical in sequence to that of man. A sequence of 55 nucleotides within the 165 nucleotide RNA was the minimal RNA fragment found in RNP particles that were still immunologically active. Two of the RNP peptides react with patient sera monospecific for RNP and thus, are presumably the antigenic peptides complexed with the 55 nucleotide RNA sequence.
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Taxonomic Studies on Arthrobacter nicotianae and Related Taxa: Description of Arthrobacter uratoxydans sp. nov. and Arthrobacter sulfureus sp. nov. and Reclassification of Brevibacterium protophormiae as Arthrobacter protophormiae comb. nov. Syst Appl Microbiol 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/s0723-2020(83)80005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abstract
Four species of Legionella, L. pneumophila NCTC 11192, L. bozemanii NCTC 11368, L. micdadei NCTC 11371 and L. jordanis ATCC 33623 have been characterized by oligonucleotide cataloguing of their 16S ribosomal RNA. All four species are phylogenetically closely related, while no specific relationship could be detected with any other group of organisms investigated so far with respect to this method. At a low level of relationship legionellae are members of the broad group of purple photosynthetic bacteria and their non-phototrophic relatives, in which Legionella form an independent line of descent.
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Stackebrandt E, Scheuerlein C, Schleifer KH. Phylogenetic and Biochemical Studies on Stomatococcus mucilaginosus. Syst Appl Microbiol 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/s0723-2020(83)80051-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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29
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A phylogenetic analysis of the myxobacteria Myxococcus fulvus, Stigmatella aurantiaca, Cystobacter fuscus, Sorangium cellulosum and Nannocystis exedens. Arch Microbiol 1983. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00419483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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30
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Kikuchi Y, Tyc K, Filipowicz W, Sänger HL, Gross HJ. Circularization of linear viroid RNA via 2'-phosphomonoester, 3', 5'-phosphodiester bonds by a novel type of RNA ligase from wheat germ and Chlamydomonas. Nucleic Acids Res 1982; 10:7521-9. [PMID: 6760127 PMCID: PMC327027 DOI: 10.1093/nar/10.23.7521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel type of RNA ligase activity in extracts of wheat germ or Chlamydomonas requires 2', 3'-cyclic phosphate and 5'-phosphate ends for ligation to form a 2'-phosphomonoester, 3',5'-phosphodiester bond. Using 5'-3 2P-labeled linear PSTV, we demonstrate that RNase T1-nicked viroid predominantly forms (formula; see text) U-bonds. Natural linear PSTV, however, forms mainly (formula; see text) A-bonds upon enzymatic circularization. We show that natural linear PSTV RNA has nicks between C181 and A182, or between C348 and A349, and that consequently C181 and C348 carry 2',3'-cyclophosphate termini.
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32
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The relatedness of Prochloron sp. Isolated from different didemnid ascidian hosts. Arch Microbiol 1982. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00508734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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33
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Union of the genera Cellulomonas Bergey et al. and Oerskovia Prauser et al. in a redefined genus Cellulomonas. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/s0721-9571(82)80022-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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34
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Seewaldt E, Schleifer KH, Bock E, Stackebrandt E. The close phylogenetic relationship of Nitrobacter and Rhodopseudomonas palustris. Arch Microbiol 1982. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00405895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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35
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Stackebrandt E, Wittek B, Seewaldt E, Schleifer K. Physiological, biochemical and phylogenetic studies onGemella haemolysans. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1982. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1982.tb08288.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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36
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