1
|
Deng C, Jia M, Wei G, Tan T, Fu Y, Gao H, Sun X, Zhang Q, Gong T, Zhang Z. Inducing Optimal Antitumor Immune Response through Coadministering iRGD with Pirarubicin Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Breast Cancer Therapy. Mol Pharm 2016; 14:296-309. [PMID: 27936775 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caifeng Deng
- Key
Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of
Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mengdi Jia
- Key
Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of
Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guangfei Wei
- Key
Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of
Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tiantian Tan
- Key
Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of
Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yao Fu
- Key
Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of
Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Huile Gao
- Key
Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of
Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xun Sun
- Key
Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of
Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of
Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- School
of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Tao Gong
- Key
Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of
Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhirong Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of
Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Faè DA, Martorelli D, Mastorci K, Muraro E, Dal Col J, Franchin G, Barzan L, Comaro E, Vaccher E, Rosato A, Dolcetti R. Broadening Specificity and Enhancing Cytotoxicity of Adoptive T Cells for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Res 2016; 4:431-40. [PMID: 27009165 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-15-0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although promising, clinical responses to adoptive immunotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) are still limited by the restricted number of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antigens that can be targeted and their poor immunogenicity. Our previous work indicated that the immunogenic features of the NPC-associated viral antigen BARF1 may be exploited for immunotherapeutic purposes. Nevertheless, T-cell lines obtained with current protocols include only negligible numbers of BARF1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes, pointing to the need to enrich these effectors in BARF1 specificities. Considering that in B lymphocytes BARF1 is mainly a lytic EBV antigen, we tested different EBV lytic-cycle inducers (TPA/butyric acid, doxorubicin, and cisplatin) used at suboptimal concentrations for their ability to upregulate BARF1 expression in lymphoblastoid B-cell lines (LCL), the commonly used antigen-presenting cells, without compromising their survival. The LCLs treated with doxorubicin (DX-LCL) can reproducibly and efficiently generate EBV-specific effectors enriched in BARF1 specificities from both healthy donors and NPC patients. These DX-LCLs also had more pronounced immunogenic properties, including HLA class I upregulation and expression of immunogenic cell death markers, such as enhanced calreticulin exposure and HMGB1 release. In particular, doxorubicin triggers an HMGB1 autocrine/paracrine loop with its receptor, TLR4, which is also upregulated in DX-LCLs and is responsible for NF-κB activation and a delayed apoptosis that allows a prolonged stimulation of EBV-specific T-cell precursors. This protocol may thus constitute a valid alternative to the use of engineered LCLs to generate EBV-specific T-cell lines for adoptive immunotherapy, being relatively simple, easily upgradable to Good Manufacturing Practice standards, and therefore more broadly applicable. Cancer Immunol Res; 4(5); 431-40. ©2016 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damiana Antonia Faè
- Cancer Bio-Immunotherapy Unit, CRO-IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Debora Martorelli
- Cancer Bio-Immunotherapy Unit, CRO-IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Katy Mastorci
- Cancer Bio-Immunotherapy Unit, CRO-IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Elena Muraro
- Cancer Bio-Immunotherapy Unit, CRO-IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Jessica Dal Col
- Cancer Bio-Immunotherapy Unit, CRO-IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Franchin
- Division of Radiotherapy, CRO-IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Luigi Barzan
- Otolaryngology, Azienda Ospedaliera S. Maria degli Angeli, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Elisa Comaro
- Cancer Bio-Immunotherapy Unit, CRO-IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Emanuela Vaccher
- Medical Oncology Division A, CRO-IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Dolcetti
- Cancer Bio-Immunotherapy Unit, CRO-IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Krysko DV, Garg AD, Kaczmarek A, Krysko O, Agostinis P, Vandenabeele P. Immunogenic cell death and DAMPs in cancer therapy. Nat Rev Cancer 2012; 12:860-75. [PMID: 23151605 DOI: 10.1038/nrc3380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1826] [Impact Index Per Article: 152.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Although it was thought that apoptotic cells, when rapidly phagocytosed, underwent a silent death that did not trigger an immune response, in recent years a new concept of immunogenic cell death (ICD) has emerged. The immunogenic characteristics of ICD are mainly mediated by damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which include surface-exposed calreticulin (CRT), secreted ATP and released high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1). Most DAMPs can be recognized by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). In this Review, we discuss the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in regulating the immunogenicity of dying cancer cells and the effect of therapy-resistant cancer microevolution on ICD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri V Krysko
- Molecular Signalling and Cell Death Unit, Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, VIB-Ghent University Technologiepark 927, B-9052 Ghent (Zwijnaarde), Belgium. Dmitri.Krysko@dmbr. ugent.be
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Garrison K, Hahn T, Lee WC, Ling LE, Weinberg AD, Akporiaye ET. The small molecule TGF-β signaling inhibitor SM16 synergizes with agonistic OX40 antibody to suppress established mammary tumors and reduce spontaneous metastasis. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2011; 61:511-21. [PMID: 21971588 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-011-1119-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Accepted: 09/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Effective tumor immunotherapy may require not only activation of anti-tumor effector cells, but also abrogation of tumor-mediated immunosuppression. The cytokine TGF-β, is frequently elevated in the tumor microenvironment and is a potent immunosuppressive agent and promoter of tumor metastasis. OX40 (CD134) is a member of the TNF-α receptor superfamily and ligation by agonistic antibody (anti-OX40) enhances effector function, expansion, and survival of activated T cells. In this study, we examined the therapeutic efficacy and anti-tumor immune response induced by the combination of a small molecule TGF-β signaling inhibitor, SM16, plus anti-OX40 in the poorly immunogenic, highly metastatic, TGF-β-secreting 4T1 mammary tumor model. Our data show that SM16 and anti-OX40 mutually enhanced each other to elicit a potent anti-tumor effect against established primary tumors, with a 79% reduction in tumor size, a 95% reduction in the number of metastatic lung nodules, and a cure rate of 38%. This positive treatment outcome was associated with a 3.2-fold increase of tumor-infiltrating, activated CD8+ T cells, an overall accumulation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and an increased tumor-specific effector T cell response. Complete abrogation of the therapeutic effect in vivo following depletion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells suggests that the anti-tumor efficacy of SM16+ anti-OX40 therapy is T cell dependent. Mice that were cured of their tumors were able to reject tumor re-challenge and manifested a significant tumor-specific peripheral memory IFN-γ response. Taken together, these data suggest that combining a TGF-β signaling inhibitor with anti-OX40 is a viable approach for treating metastatic breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kendra Garrison
- Providence Portland Medical Center, Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, 2N85, 4805 NE Glisan St, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mattarollo SR, Loi S, Duret H, Ma Y, Zitvogel L, Smyth MJ. Pivotal Role of Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Anthracycline Chemotherapy of Established Tumors. Cancer Res 2011; 71:4809-20. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-11-0753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
6
|
Apetoh L, Mignot G, Panaretakis T, Kroemer G, Zitvogel L. Immunogenicity of anthracyclines: moving towards more personalized medicine. Trends Mol Med 2008; 14:141-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2008.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2007] [Revised: 01/29/2008] [Accepted: 02/01/2008] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
7
|
Abstract
Clinical verification is being obtained, with a variety of different therapeutic approaches, for the concept that anticancer treatments based on exploiting the host's own antitumor defense mechanism can be beneficial. Nevertheless, as was seen with both chemotherapeutic and radiation treatments, the benefit of single agent treatments is not great. It is anticipated that, in attempting to realize the maximal potential of anticancer treatments based on exploiting the host's own antitumor defense mechanism, it will be necessary to utilize combination therapies. For medical-ethical reasons, the ability to effectively combine such treatments with ones with proven clinical efficacy should increase the enthusiasm for the initiation of clinical trials. Chemotherapeutic agents may serve this purpose, since, contrary to the generally held tenet that anticancer chemotherapeutic agents are merely immunosuppressive, there is considerable literature describing their ability to augment antitumor host defenses. This review attempts to collate this information derived by numerous investigators employing diverse experimental approaches with a number of the most widely used anticancer chemotherapeutic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Jane Ehrke
- Grace Cancer Drug Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263-0001, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gazit Z, Kedar E. Chemotherapy-induced modulation of natural killer and lymphokine-activated killer cell activity in euthymic and athymic mice. Cancer Immunol Immunother 1994; 38:243-52. [PMID: 8168119 PMCID: PMC11038819 DOI: 10.1007/bf01533515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/1993] [Accepted: 11/30/1993] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Combinations of chemotherapy and interleukin-2 (IL-2) aimed at improving therapeutic efficacy in cancer patients have generally proved disappointing. Although chemotherapy blocks tumor growth and sometimes boosts immune functions, most drugs are immunosuppressive, at least transiently. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that maximal exploitation of the immunostimulatory and antitumor activity of both modalities requires careful coordination of chemotherapy and IL-2 timing. We analyzed the temporal effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, 100-120 mg/kg), cyclophosphamide (CY, 100 mg/kg), Adriamycin (8 mg/kg) and dacarbazine (100 mg/kg) on the activation of natural killer/lymphokine-activated killer (NK/LAK) cells by IL-2 in several strains of euthymic mice and in athymic nude mice. Following in vivo or in vitro exposure to IL-2 1-15 days after chemotherapy, the total lytic activity of the spleen and the number of LAK precursors (LAK-p) were measured. In euthymic mice injected with IL-2 (5 x 10(4) Cetus units twice daily for 4-5 days), 5-FU augmented (up to 37-fold, days 1-9) and CY reduced (up to day 6) LAK activity, as compared with that in the IL-2 control. In bulk cultures containing IL-2 (1000 CU/ml, 3-4 days), both 5-FU and CY reduced LAK activity of euthymic mice splenocytes for up to 6 days after chemotherapy, which was followed on day 9 by full recovery. In splenocytes of nude mice, 5-FU increased and CY diminished LAK activation in bulk cultures, starting 3 days after chemotherapy. In athymic mice, 5-FU markedly augmented the total number of LAK-p/spleen (up to 30-fold, days 3-9), as determined by limiting-dilution cultures with IL-2 (for 7-8 days). In euthymic mice, in contrast, LAK-p levels decreased for up to 6-9 days after treatment with 5-FU, Adriamycin or decarbazine, later recovering to pretreatment levels, whereas CY markedly increased LAK-p (up to 15-fold) when administered 6-12 days before limiting-dilution culture initiation. The effect of chemotherapy on LAK and NK activity was essentially similar. In other experiments, a subset of asialoGM1- LAK-p was found in the spleens of 5-FU-treated mice, but not in untreated mice. Our results suggest that the immunomodulatory effect of chemotherapy on NK/LAK activity in mice is variable and largely depends on the drug itself, the interval between chemotherapy and IL-2 administration, the strain of mice and the assay used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Gazit
- Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | |
Collapse
|