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Mohammadi Y, Ranjbaran J, Mamashli M, Marzuni HZ, Dashtgard A, Mohsenizadeh SM. Investigating the effects of the Omicron variant of COVID-19 on sperm parameters and serum levels of male sexual hormones: Prospective observational study. New Microbes New Infect 2024; 60-61:101432. [PMID: 38800713 PMCID: PMC11126988 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background With the progress and prevalence of COVID-19, concerns have arisen regarding its impact on men's sexual health. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of examining the effects of COVID-19 on serum levels of sex hormones and semen. Methods Sixty participants who met the study inclusion criteria enrolled in this study between January and April 2022. The individuals were divided into three groups (n = 20): healthy, COVID-19 positive, and recovered from COVID-19. Blood and semen samples were collected from the participants. Serum levels of sex hormones and semen were evaluated both macroscopically and microscopically. Results Our study results showed that the most common symptoms observed in the COVID-19 group were cough (100 %), fever (100 %), fatigue (95 %), and runny nose (90 %). Serum levels of sex hormones (testosterone, FSH, and prolactin) in the COVID-19 group were significantly decreased compared to the healthy group. Microscopic examination of semen revealed significant differences in vitality, progressive, and motile parameters among the three groups, with a decrease observed in the COVID-19 group. Conclusion These results indicate that COVID-19 may have a negative impact on men's sexual health, potentially affecting hormone production and sperm quality. Further research is needed to determine the long-term effects of COVID-19 on male fertility and to explore potential treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaser Mohammadi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Ranjbaran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Morteza Mamashli
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Hadi Zare Marzuni
- Department of Nursing, Qaen School of Medical Sciences, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Ali Dashtgard
- Department of Nursing, Qaen School of Medical Sciences, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Seyed Mostafa Mohsenizadeh
- Department of Nursing, Qaen School of Medical Sciences, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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Zheng S, Jiang L, Qiu L. The effects of fine particulate matter on the blood-testis barrier and its potential mechanisms. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2024; 39:233-249. [PMID: 36863426 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2022-0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
With the rapid expansion of industrial scale, an increasing number of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has bringing health concerns. Although exposure to PM2.5 has been clearly associated with male reproductive toxicity, the exact mechanisms are still unclear. Recent studies demonstrated that exposure to PM2.5 can disturb spermatogenesis through destroying the blood-testis barrier (BTB), consisting of different junction types, containing tight junctions (TJs), gap junctions (GJs), ectoplasmic specialization (ES) and desmosomes. The BTB is one of the tightest blood-tissue barriers among mammals, which isolating germ cells from hazardous substances and immune cell infiltration during spermatogenesis. Therefore, once the BTB is destroyed, hazardous substances and immune cells will enter seminiferous tubule and cause adversely reproductive effects. In addition, PM2.5 also has shown to cause cells and tissues injury via inducing autophagy, inflammation, sex hormones disorder, and oxidative stress. However, the exact mechanisms of the disruption of the BTB, induced by PM2.5, are still unclear. It is suggested that more research is required to identify the potential mechanisms. In this review, we aim to understand the adverse effects on the BTB after exposure to PM2.5 and explore its potential mechanisms, which provides novel insight into accounting for PM2.5-induced BTB injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaokai Zheng
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, P. R. China
| | - Lianlian Jiang
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, P. R. China
| | - Lianglin Qiu
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, P. R. China
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Chen F, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Li Y, Ma J, Qin Y, Deng S, Zhang Y, Wang D, Wang H, Lin J. Effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccination on male fertility. Sex Health 2024; 21:SH23191. [PMID: 38538087 DOI: 10.1071/sh23191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019, which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), remains an ongoing global public health challenge. This disease causes damage not only to the respiratory system, affecting the normal physiological function of the lungs, but also to other vital organs, such as the heart and testicles. Existing studies have shown that co-expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and transmembrane serine protease 2 is the main mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 invades host cells. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-expressing cells are widespread in the corpus cavernosum, reproductive tract and testis of men, which has raised concerns. Furthermore, abnormal sex hormone levels and decreased semen parameters were observed in coronavirus disease 2019 patients. This study comprehensively assessed the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the testis, semen parameters, sex hormone levels and erectile function, and discussed possible transmission routes during sexual intercourse and the effect of vaccination on male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Road, Jining 272067, China
| | - Yunfei Zhang
- Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Road, Jining 272067, China
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Road, Jining 272067, China
| | - Yuqi Li
- Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Road, Jining 272067, China
| | - Jiao Ma
- Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Road, Jining 272067, China
| | - Yining Qin
- Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Road, Jining 272067, China
| | - Shuwen Deng
- Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Road, Jining 272067, China
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Road, Jining 272067, China
| | - Deyang Wang
- Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Road, Jining 272067, China
| | - Haiying Wang
- Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Road, Jining 272067, China
| | - Juan Lin
- Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Road, Jining 272067, China
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Dong Y, Ba Z, Qin Y, Ma J, Li Y, Zhang Y, Yang A, Chen F. Comprehensive evaluation of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination on sperm parameters and sex hormones. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1321406. [PMID: 38469318 PMCID: PMC10925671 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1321406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine has made significant contributions to fighting the epidemic in the past three years. However, the rapid development and application raised concerns about its safety in reproductive health, especially after several studies had observed a decrease in semen parameters following two doses of mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Thus, it is necessary to comprehensively evaluate the effect of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine on male fertility. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted in the Center for Reproductive Medicine of the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University between July 2021 and March 2023. A total of 409 men with different vaccination status and no history of SARS-CoV-2 infection were included in this study. Their sex hormone levels and semen parameters were evaluated and compared separately. Results The levels of FSH and PRL in one-dose vaccinated group were higher than other groups, while there were no significant changes in other sex hormone levels between the control and inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccinated groups. Most semen parameters such as volume, sperm concentration, total sperm count, progressive motility and normal forms were similar before and after vaccination with any single dose or combination of doses (all P > 0.05). Nevertheless, the total motility was significantly decreased after receiving the 1 + 2 doses of vaccine compared to before vaccination (46.90 ± 2.40% vs. 58.62 ± 2.51%; P = 0.001). Fortunately, this parameter was still within the normal range. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that any single dose or different combined doses of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was not detrimental to male fertility. This information could reassure men who want to conceive after vaccination and be incorporated into future fertility recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehao Dong
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Zaihua Ba
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yining Qin
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Jiao Ma
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yuqi Li
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Aijun Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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Yang T, Tang D, Zhan Y, Seyler BC, Li F, Zhou B. SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and semen quality: a study based on sperm donor candidate data in southwest China. Transl Androl Urol 2024; 13:80-90. [PMID: 38404555 PMCID: PMC10891393 DOI: 10.21037/tau-23-395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been a global health crisis and continues to pose risk to population health at the present. Vaccination against this disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus has become a public health priority worldwide. Yet, limited information is available on the potential impact of such vaccines on human fertility. Methods To examine the relationship between COVID-19 vaccination and male fertility, we conducted an observational study on sperm donor candidates in China who received Chinese COVID-19 vaccines between January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2021. Results A total of 2,955 semen samples from 564 individuals were assessed along with vaccination information. Statistical analyses were conducted on both the entire study population and the subgroup of individuals who provided repeated semen samples before and after vaccination. While motility related parameters [progressive rate, curvilinear velocity (VCL), average path velocity (VAP), straight-line velocity (VSL), wobble (WOB), straightness (STR), linearity (LIN), amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH), beat-cross frequency (BCF)] exhibited statistically significant difference before and after vaccination based on Welch two-sample test, mixed effects regression results based on repeated measures from the same individuals indicated that vaccination was not statistically associated with sperm quality parameters except for VCL, VAP, and VSL. Individual variability was the key determinant of sperm quality variance, with contribution ranging from 19% to 82%. Conclusions Findings from our study could help to enhance current understanding of male reproductive health in the context of the global pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yang
- Department of Andrology/Human Sperm Bank of Sichuan Province, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Die Tang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Zhan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Barnabas C. Seyler
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fuping Li
- Department of Andrology/Human Sperm Bank of Sichuan Province, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Aryan A, Aghajanpour F, Dashtdar M, Hejazi F, Salimi M, Afshar A, Soltani R, Seyed Hasani AH, Aliaghaei A, Abbaszadeh HA, Mahmoodi H, Zahedi L, Abdollahifar MA, Fadaei Fathabadi F. Exploring Intercellular Dynamics: Ultra-Weak Biophoton Emission as a Novel Indicator of Altered Cell Functions and Disease in Oligospermia Mice. J Lasers Med Sci 2023; 14:e65. [PMID: 38318218 PMCID: PMC10843233 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2023.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Introduction: Biophoton emission, the spontaneous release of photons from living cells, has emerged as an attractive field of research in the study of biological systems. Scientists have recently discovered that changes in biophoton emission could serve as potential indicators of pathological conditions. This intriguing phenomenon suggests that cells might communicate and interact with each other through the exchange of these faint but significant light signals. Therefore, the present study introduces intercellular relationships with biophoton release to detect normal and abnormal cell functions to further achieve cellular interactions by focusing on cell and cell arrangement in disease conditions. Methods: Twenty male mice were assigned to control and busulfan groups. Five weeks after the injection of busulfan, the testis was removed, and then the stereological techniques and TUNEL assay were applied to estimate the histopathology of the testis tissue sections. Results: The findings revealed that the ultra-weak biophoton emission in the control group was significantly lower than in the busulfan group. The oligospermia mice model showed that it significantly changed the spatial arrangement of testicular cells and notably decreased the testis volume, length of seminiferous tubules, and the number of testicular cells. The results of the TUNEL assay showed that the percentage of apoptotic cells significantly increased in the busulfan group. Conclusion: The ultra-weak biophoton emission from testis tissue was reduced in oligospermia mice. As a result, the decline of ultra-weak biophoton can indicate a change in cell arrangement, a decrease in intercellular interaction, and eventually disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arefeh Aryan
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical, Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Anatomy Department, School of Medicine, Rasht University of Medical Sciences, Gilan, Iran
| | - Fakhroddin Aghajanpour
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical, Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Hejazi
- Department of Advanced Technology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Salimi
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azar Afshar
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Soltani
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahad Hasan Seyed Hasani
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Aliaghaei
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hojjat-Allah Abbaszadeh
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical, Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hasan Mahmoodi
- Department of Physics, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Zahedi
- Department of Physical Electronics, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Mohammad-Amin Abdollahifar
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical, Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Fadaei Fathabadi
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical, Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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7
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Törzsök P, Oswald D, Steiner C, Abenhardt M, Ramesmayer C, Milinovic L, Plank B, Tischleritsch Z, Lusuardi L, Deininger S. Effects of COVID-19 Infection on Spermatogenesis, Oxidative Stress and Erectile Function. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7099. [PMID: 38002711 PMCID: PMC10672023 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12227099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our aim was to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 infection on male fertility and sexual function. METHODS Thirty-one patients were investigated over a mean follow-up of 90 days (22-527) after a COVID-19 infection. Erectile dysfunction (ED), blood tests for sexual hormones, semen analysis including analysis of oxidative stress (OS), as well as COVID-19 antibody titer and the nasal COVID-19 PCR test were evaluated pre- and post-infection. RESULTS Five patients reported a mild de novo ED (16.13%). One patient had a de novo positive mixed antiglobulin reaction test after the infection. We found no significant difference between pre-COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 spermiogram parameters (p = 0.815). OS showed no significant association with COVID-19 infection, but with pathological spermiogram categories, sperm concentration, total sperm count, testis volume, FSH and testosterone. CONCLUSION COVID-19 infection does not appear to affect sperm quality and OS negatively in the intermediate term. Further investigations will be needed to assess the potential long-term effects of the infection and vaccination on male sexual function and fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Törzsök
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Salzburg University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.O.); (C.S.); (M.A.); (C.R.); (L.M.); (B.P.); (L.L.); (S.D.)
| | - David Oswald
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Salzburg University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.O.); (C.S.); (M.A.); (C.R.); (L.M.); (B.P.); (L.L.); (S.D.)
| | - Christopher Steiner
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Salzburg University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.O.); (C.S.); (M.A.); (C.R.); (L.M.); (B.P.); (L.L.); (S.D.)
| | - Michael Abenhardt
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Salzburg University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.O.); (C.S.); (M.A.); (C.R.); (L.M.); (B.P.); (L.L.); (S.D.)
| | - Christian Ramesmayer
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Salzburg University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.O.); (C.S.); (M.A.); (C.R.); (L.M.); (B.P.); (L.L.); (S.D.)
| | - Ljiljana Milinovic
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Salzburg University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.O.); (C.S.); (M.A.); (C.R.); (L.M.); (B.P.); (L.L.); (S.D.)
| | - Bethseba Plank
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Salzburg University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.O.); (C.S.); (M.A.); (C.R.); (L.M.); (B.P.); (L.L.); (S.D.)
| | | | - Lukas Lusuardi
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Salzburg University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.O.); (C.S.); (M.A.); (C.R.); (L.M.); (B.P.); (L.L.); (S.D.)
| | - Susanne Deininger
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Salzburg University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.O.); (C.S.); (M.A.); (C.R.); (L.M.); (B.P.); (L.L.); (S.D.)
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Cai X, Yang R, Shi W, Cai Y, Ma Z. Exploration of the common pathogenic link between COVID-19 and diabetic foot ulcers: An in silico approach. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1686. [PMID: 37936615 PMCID: PMC10626003 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims The Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) is posing an ongoing threat to human health. Patients of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) are susceptible to COVID-19-induced adverse outcomes. Nevertheless, investigations into their mutual molecular mechanisms have been limited to date. In the present work, we tried to uncover the shared pathogenesis and regulatory gene targets of COVID-19 and DFU. Methods In this study, we chose GSE161281 as the COVID-19 data set, which contained severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infected human induced embryonic stem cell-derived peripheral neurons (n = 2) with uninfected controls (n = 2). The GSE134431 designated as the DFU data set, comprising full-thickness DFU (n = 13) and diabetic foot skin (n = 8) samples from diabetic patients. The differential expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from GSE161281 and GSE134431, and the common DEGs between COVID-19 and DFU were extracted. Multifactor regulatory network and co-expression network of the common DEGs were analyzed, along with candidate drug prediction. Results Altogether, six common DEGs (dickkopf-related protein 1 [DKK1], serine proteinase inhibitor A3 [SERPINA3], ras homolog family member D [RHOD], myelin protein zero like 3 [MPZL3], Claudin-11 [CLDN11], and epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 8-like 1 [EPS8L1]) were found between COVID-19 and DFU. Functional analyses indicated that pathways of apoptotic and Wnt signaling may contribute to progression of COVID-19. Gene co-expression network implied the shared pathways of immune regulation and cytokine response participated collectively in the development of DFU and COVID-19. A multifactor regulatory network was constructed integrating the corresponding microRNAs (miRNAs) and transcription factors. Additionally, we proposed potential drug objects for the combined therapy. Conclusion Our study revealed the shared molecular mechanisms underlying COVID-19 and DFU. The identified pivotal targets and common pathways can provide new perspectives for further research and assist the development of management strategies in patients of DFU complicated with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyao Cai
- Department of Burn and Plastic SurgeryDongguan Tungwah HospitalDongguanChina
| | - Ruijin Yang
- Department of Burn and Plastic SurgeryDongguan Tungwah HospitalDongguanChina
| | - Wenjun Shi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yuchen Cai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Zhengzheng Ma
- Department of Burn and Plastic SurgeryDongguan Tungwah HospitalDongguanChina
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9
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Panner Selvam MK, Kapoor A, Baskaran S, Moharana AK, Sikka SC. A Scientometric Evaluation of COVID-19 and Male Reproductive Research. Clin Pract 2023; 13:1319-1330. [PMID: 37987419 PMCID: PMC10660474 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract13060118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic due to the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus showed acute and prolonged effects on human health. In addition, over the past four years, there has been a tremendous surge in COVID-19-related scientific publications, as shown by bibliometric and scientometric studies. However, such analysis of the scientific literature is lacking in the area of male reproduction. The current scientometric study analyzes publication characteristics of articles related to male reproduction and COVID-19 infection. We used the Scopus database to analyze scientometric data (the number of publications, journals, countries, type of documents, and subject area) related to COVID-19 and male reproductive research. Our literature search identified 345 articles related to COVID-19 and male reproductive research. Most of the articles were published in the USA (n = 72), Italy (n = 55), and China (n = 51). Such research was mainly focused around medicine (57.1%), followed by biochemistry, genetics, and molecular biology (25.7%). Also, in the area of male reproduction, only 37.1% (n = 128) of the articles contributed towards original research, whereas 52.8% (n = 182) were review articles and editorials focusing more on sexual dysfunction than infertility. Such a small number of studies published on COVID-19-related effects on male reproduction warrants a significant increase in research, which is required to decipher the mechanism(s) underlying SARS-CoV-2 infection-associated impairment of male reproductive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manesh Kumar Panner Selvam
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (S.B.); (A.K.M.)
| | | | - Saradha Baskaran
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (S.B.); (A.K.M.)
| | - Ajaya Kumar Moharana
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (S.B.); (A.K.M.)
- Redox Biology & Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack 753003, Odisha, India
| | - Suresh C. Sikka
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (S.B.); (A.K.M.)
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10
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Dai P, Qiao F, Chen Y, Chan DYL, Yim HCH, Fok KL, Chen H. SARS-CoV-2 and male infertility: from short- to long-term impacts. J Endocrinol Invest 2023; 46:1491-1507. [PMID: 36917421 PMCID: PMC10013302 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02055-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic-caused by a new type of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-has posed severe impacts on public health worldwide and has resulted in a total of > 6 million deaths. Notably, male patients developed more complications and had mortality rates ~ 77% higher than those of female patients. The extensive expression of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor and related proteins in the male reproductive tract and the association of serum testosterone levels with viral entry and infection have brought attention to COVID-19's effects on male fertility. METHODS The peer-reviewed articles and reviews were obtained by searching for the keywords SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, endocrine, spermatogenesis, epididymis, prostate, and vaccine in the databases of PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar from 2020-2022. RESULTS This review summarizes the effects of COVID-19 on the male reproductive system and investigates the impact of various types of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines on male reproductive health. We also present the underlying mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 affects male reproduction and discuss the potentially harmful effects of asymptomatic infections, as well as the long-term impact of COVID-19 on male reproductive health. CONCLUSION COVID-19 disrupted the HPG axis, which had negative impacts on spermatogenesis and the epididymis, albeit further investigations need to be performed. The development of vaccines against various SARS-CoV-2 variations is important to lower infection rates and long-term COVID risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Dai
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - F Qiao
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Chen
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - D Y L Chan
- Assisted Reproductive Technologies Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - H C H Yim
- Microbiome Research Centre, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, St George and Sutherland Campus, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - K L Fok
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
- Kong Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong, West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| | - H Chen
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Schmidt F, Abdesselem HB, Suhre K, Vaikath NN, Sohail MU, Al-Nesf M, Bensmail I, Mashod F, Sarwath H, Bernhardt J, Schaefer-Ramadan S, Tan TM, Morris PE, Schenck EJ, Price D, Mohamed-Ali V, Al-Maadheed M, Arredouani A, Decock J, Blackburn JM, Choi AMK, El-Agnaf OM. Auto-immunoproteomics analysis of COVID-19 ICU patients revealed increased levels of autoantibodies related to the male reproductive system. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1203723. [PMID: 37520825 PMCID: PMC10374950 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1203723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) manifests many clinical symptoms, including an exacerbated immune response and cytokine storm. Autoantibodies in COVID-19 may have severe prodromal effects that are poorly understood. The interaction between these autoantibodies and self-antigens can result in systemic inflammation and organ dysfunction. However, the role of autoantibodies in COVID-19 complications has yet to be fully understood. Methods: The current investigation screened two independent cohorts of 97 COVID-19 patients [discovery (Disc) cohort from Qatar (case = 49 vs. control = 48) and replication (Rep) cohort from New York (case = 48 vs. control = 28)] utilizing high-throughput KoRectly Expressed (KREX) Immunome protein-array technology. Total IgG autoantibody responses were evaluated against 1,318 correctly folded and full-length human proteins. Samples were randomly applied on the precoated microarray slides for 2 h. Cy3-labeled secondary antibodies were used to detect IgG autoantibody response. Slides were scanned at a fixed gain setting using the Agilent fluorescence microarray scanner, generating a 16-bit TIFF file. Group comparisons were performed using a linear model and Fisher's exact test. Differentially expressed proteins were used for KEGG and WIKIpathway annotation to determine pathways in which the proteins of interest were significantly over-represented. Results and conclusion: Autoantibody responses to 57 proteins were significantly altered in the COVID-19 Disc cohort compared to healthy controls (p ≤ 0.05). The Rep cohort had altered autoantibody responses against 26 proteins compared to non-COVID-19 ICU patients who served as controls. Both cohorts showed substantial similarities (r 2 = 0.73) and exhibited higher autoantibody responses to numerous transcription factors, immunomodulatory proteins, and human disease markers. Analysis of the combined cohorts revealed elevated autoantibody responses against SPANXN4, STK25, ATF4, PRKD2, and CHMP3 proteins in COVID-19 patients. The sequences for SPANXN4 and STK25 were cross-validated using sequence alignment tools. ELISA and Western blot further verified the autoantigen-autoantibody response of SPANXN4. SPANXN4 is essential for spermiogenesis and male fertility, which may predict a potential role for this protein in COVID-19-associated male reproductive tract complications, and warrants further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Schmidt
- Proteomics Core, Weill Cornell Medicine—Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Houari B. Abdesselem
- Proteomics Core Facility, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Qatar Foundation, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Doha, Qatar
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, QBRI, HBKU, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Karsten Suhre
- Bioinformatics Core, Weill Cornell Medicine—Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nishant N. Vaikath
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, QBRI, HBKU, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Maryam Al-Nesf
- Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Center of Metabolism and Inflammation, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ilham Bensmail
- Proteomics Core Facility, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Qatar Foundation, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Doha, Qatar
| | - Fathima Mashod
- Proteomics Core, Weill Cornell Medicine—Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hina Sarwath
- Proteomics Core, Weill Cornell Medicine—Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Joerg Bernhardt
- Institute for Microbiology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Ti-Myen Tan
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Sengenics Corporation, Damansara Heights, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Priscilla E. Morris
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Sengenics Corporation, Damansara Heights, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Edward J. Schenck
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital—Weill Cornell Medical Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - David Price
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital—Weill Cornell Medical Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Vidya Mohamed-Ali
- Center of Metabolism and Inflammation, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Anti-Doping Laboratory Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammed Al-Maadheed
- Center of Metabolism and Inflammation, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Anti-Doping Laboratory Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdelilah Arredouani
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Julie Decock
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
- Translational Cancer and Immunity Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jonathan M. Blackburn
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Sengenics Corporation, Damansara Heights, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Augustine M. K. Choi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital—Weill Cornell Medical Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Omar M. El-Agnaf
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, QBRI, HBKU, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
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12
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Hassan GS, Helal MB, Ibrahim HF. Immunohistochemical expression of estrogen receptor alpha in the maxillary sinus, pulp, and periodontal ligament of adjacent teeth in late pregnancy in rats. Odontology 2023; 111:608-617. [PMID: 36434465 PMCID: PMC10238294 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-022-00770-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the histological changes in the maxillary sinus and its adjacent dental tissues as pulp and periodontal ligament during pregnancy and investigate the role of estrogen hormone in these changes through the detection of estrogen receptors in these tissues. Sixteen adult female rats were used and were allocated into two groups: control non-pregnant (n = 8) and pregnant (n = 8). They were sacrificed and their heads were prepared for histological and immunohistochemical examination for estrogen receptor alpha. Our results revealed that pregnant rats revealed inflammatory changes in the sinus as thick epithelial lining, loss of cilia, swollen goblet cells, intraepithelial and interstitial edema. The lamina propria demonstrated considerable infiltration of inflammatory cells, glandular hyperplasia with vacuolar degeneration, and vascular congestion. Periodontal ligament and pulp revealed hyperemia and vascular congestion. Immunohistochemical examination of estrogen receptor alpha in the maxillary sinus and adjacent dental tissues (Periodontal ligament and pulp) in pregnant rats revealed a significant increase in its expression in all examined tissues. In conclusion, there was an increase in expression of ERα in the sinus mucosa and dental tissues during pregnancy together with slight inflammatory changes in these tissues. Hence, dentists should be aware of the effect of these changes on the pregnant women avoiding teeth extraction due to misdiagnosis of dental, periodontal or sinus pain after exclusion of true pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gihan S. Hassan
- Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, El-Giesh St., Tanta, Gharbia Egypt
| | - Mai B. Helal
- Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, El-Giesh St., Tanta, Gharbia Egypt
| | - H. F. Ibrahim
- Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, El-Giesh St., Tanta, Gharbia Egypt
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13
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Kang K, Ma YD, Liu SQ, Huang RW, Chen JJ, An LL, Wu J. SARS-CoV-2 Structural Proteins Modulated Blood-Testis Barrier-Related Proteins through Autophagy in the Primary Sertoli Cells. Viruses 2023; 15:1272. [PMID: 37376572 DOI: 10.3390/v15061272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) disrupts the blood-testis barrier (BTB), resulting in alterations in spermatogenesis. However, whether BTB-related proteins (such as ZO-1, claudin11, N-cadherin, and CX43) are targeted by SARS-CoV-2 remains to be clarified. BTB is a physical barrier between the blood vessels and the seminiferous tubules of the animal testis, and it is one of the tightest blood-tissue barriers in the mammalian body. In this study, we investigated the effects of viral proteins, via ectopic expression of individual viral proteins, on BTB-related proteins, the secretion of immune factors, and the formation and degradation of autophagosomes in human primary Sertoli cells. Our study demonstrated that ectopic expression of viral E (envelope protein) and M (membrane protein) induced the expressions of ZO-1 and claudin11, promoted the formation of autophagosomes, and inhibited autophagy flux. S (spike protein) reduced the expression of ZO-1, N-cadherin, and CX43, induced the expression of claudin11, and inhibited the formation and degradation of autophagosomes. N (nucleocapsid protein) reduced the expression of ZO-1, claudin11, and N-cadherin. All the structural proteins (SPs) E, M, N, and S increased the expression of the FasL gene, and the E protein promoted the expression and secretion of FasL and TGF-β proteins and the expression of IL-1. Blockage of autophagy by specific inhibitors resulted in the suppression of BTB-related proteins by the SPs. Our results indicated that SARS-CoV-2 SPs (E, M, and S) regulate BTB-related proteins through autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Kang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yao-Dan Ma
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Si-Qi Liu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Ri-Wei Huang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Jin-Jun Chen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Li-Long An
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
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14
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Petricca S, Carnicelli V, Luzi C, Cinque B, Celenza G, Iorio R. Oxidative Stress, Cytotoxic and Inflammatory Effects of Azoles Combinatorial Mixtures in Sertoli TM4 Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1142. [PMID: 37371872 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Triazole and imidazole fungicides are an emerging class of contaminants with an increasing and ubiquitous presence in the environment. In mammals, their reproductive toxicity has been reported. Concerning male reproduction, a combinatorial activity of tebuconazole (TEB; triazole fungicide) and econazole (ECO; imidazole compound) in inducing mitochondrial impairment, energy depletion, cell cycle arrest, and the sequential activation of autophagy and apoptosis in Sertoli TM4 cells (SCs) has recently been demonstrated. Given the strict relationship between mitochondrial activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the causative role of oxidative stress (OS) in male reproductive dysfunction, the individual and combined potential of TEB and ECO in inducing redox status alterations and OS was investigated. Furthermore, considering the impact of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in modulating male fertility, protein expression levels were assessed. In the present study, we demonstrate that azoles-induced cytotoxicity is associated with a significant increase in ROS production, a drastic reduction in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and GSH-S-transferase activity levels, and a marked increase in the levels of oxidized (GSSG) glutathione. Exposure to azoles also induced COX-2 expression and increased TNF-α production. Furthermore, pre-treatment with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) mitigates ROS accumulation, attenuates COX-2 expression and TNF-α production, and rescues SCs from azole-induced apoptosis, suggesting a ROS-dependent molecular mechanism underlying the azole-induced cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Petricca
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Veronica Carnicelli
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Carla Luzi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Benedetta Cinque
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Celenza
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Roberto Iorio
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
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15
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Hosseini E, Kohan-Ghadr HR, Bazrafkan M, Amorim CA, Askari M, Zakeri A, Mousavi SN, Kafaeinezhad R, Afradiasbagharani P, Esfandyari S, Nazari M. Rescuing fertility during COVID-19 infection: exploring potential pharmacological and natural therapeutic approaches for comorbidity, by focusing on NLRP3 inflammasome mechanism. J Assist Reprod Genet 2023; 40:1173-1185. [PMID: 36892705 PMCID: PMC9995769 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-023-02768-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The respiratory system was primarily considered the only organ affected by Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). As the pandemic continues, there is an increasing concern from the scientific community about the future effects of the virus on male and female reproductive organs, infertility, and, most significantly, its impact on the future generation. The general presumption is that if the primary clinical symptoms of COVID-19 are not controlled, we will face several challenges, including compromised infertility, infection-exposed cryopreserved germ cells or embryos, and health complications in future generations, likely connected to the COVID-19 infections of parents and ancestors. In this review article, we dedicatedly studied severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virology, its receptors, and the effect of the virus to induce the activation of inflammasome as the main arm of the innate immune response. Among inflammasomes, nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptor protein, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway activation is partly responsible for the inflicted damages in both COVID-19 infection and some reproductive disorders, so the main focus of the discussion is on NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 infection alongside in the reproductive biology. In addition, the potential effects of the virus on male and female gonad functions were discussed, and we further explored the potential natural and pharmacological therapeutic approaches for comorbidity via NLRP3 inflammasome neutralization to develop a hypothesis for averting the long-term repercussions of COVID-19. Since activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway contributes to the damage caused by COVID-19 infection and some reproductive disorders, NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors have a great potential to be considered candidates for alleviating the pathological effects of the COVID-19 infection on the germ cells and reproductive tissues. This would impede the subsequent massive wave of infertility that may threaten the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Hosseini
- Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mousavi Hospital, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Hamid-Reza Kohan-Ghadr
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI USA
| | - Mahshid Bazrafkan
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute (ARI), ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Christiani A. Amorim
- Pôle de Recherche en Physiopathologie de la Reproduction, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maryam Askari
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armin Zakeri
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Neda Mousavi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Raheleh Kafaeinezhad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | | | - Sahar Esfandyari
- Department of Urology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - Mahboobeh Nazari
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Xu CS, Yang WX. ACE2 in male genitourinary and endocrine systems: Does COVID-19 really affect these systems? Histol Histopathol 2023; 38:261-272. [PMID: 36069179 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
The virus that causes COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease 2019), SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2), is causing a worldwide pandemic, posing a substantial threat to human health. Patients show signs of pneumonia, ARDS, shock, acute cardiac injury, acute kidney injury and other complications. The SARS-CoV-2 receptor is angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which is an important component of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). In addition, TMPRSS2 or other cofactors are needed to allow the virus to enter the host. Clinical patients have exhibited varying degrees of genitourinary and endocrine system damage, and some studies have also reported potential risks to the genitourinary and endocrine systems. This article reviews the mechanism underlying SARS-CoV-2 infection and the current studies on the male genitourinary and endocrine systems and proposes that more attention should be directed towards human reproductive and endocrine health during the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Shuo Xu
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wan-Xi Yang
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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17
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Pallotti F, Esteves SC, Faja F, Buonacquisto A, Conflitti AC, Hirsch MN, Lenzi A, Paoli D, Lombardo F. COVID-19 and its treatments: lights and shadows on testicular function. Endocrine 2023; 79:243-251. [PMID: 36260234 PMCID: PMC9579574 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03221-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has rapidly spread worldwide and, among the others, the male gender was quickly recognized as an independent risk factor for both the disease and its consequences. Since the possibility of long-term hormonal axis changes and male gamete impairment have been hypothesized but a relatively low levels of evidence has been reached, we focused this narrative mini-review on summarizing key state-of-the-art knowledge on male reproductive effects of COVID-19 as a quick reference for reproductive health specialists. METHODS A comprehensive Medline/PubMed and Embase search was performed selecting all relevant, peer-reviewed papers in English published from 2020. Other relevant papers were selected from the reference lists. RESULTS Available evidence indicates that the likelihood of direct testicular damage from SARS-CoV-2 is somewhat low, but there are many indirect ways (fever, cytokine imbalance, and drugs) through which the pituitary-gonadal axis and spermatogenesis may be disrupted. These alterations are probably transient, but as available evidence is low quality, it cannot be excluded that previous pathologies or comorbidities might modulate the risk of their persistence. On the other hand, available evidence shows high safety regarding andrological health for available vaccines, although studies are mainly focused on mRNA vaccines. CONCLUSION A careful andrological evaluation of men recovering from COVID-19 is highly recommended. Since available evidence is relatively scarce, a careful andrological follow-up and counseling of these patients are mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Pallotti
- Laboratory of Seminology - Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Sandro C Esteves
- Andrology and Human Reproduction Clinic, Av. Dr. Heitor Penteado, 1464, Campinas, Brazil
- Faculty of Health, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Fabiana Faja
- Laboratory of Seminology - Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Buonacquisto
- Laboratory of Seminology - Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Chiara Conflitti
- Laboratory of Seminology - Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Neve Hirsch
- Laboratory of Seminology - Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Lenzi
- Laboratory of Seminology - Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Paoli
- Laboratory of Seminology - Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Lombardo
- Laboratory of Seminology - Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.
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18
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Wang Z, Ma Y, Chen Z, Yang R, Liu Q, Pan J, Wang J, Liu Y, Zhou M, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Yang S, Zou B, Lin J, Cai Y, Jiang Z, Zhou Z, Zhao Z. COVID-19 inhibits spermatogenesis in the testes by inducing cellular senescence. Front Genet 2023; 13:981471. [PMID: 36685935 PMCID: PMC9849386 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.981471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) has been linked to organ damage in humans since its worldwide outbreak. It can also induce severe sperm damage, according to research conducted at numerous clinical institutions. However, the exact mechanism of damage is still unknown. Methods: In this study, testicular bulk-RNA-seq Data were downloaded from three COVID-19 patients and three uninfected controls from GEO to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 infection on spermatogenesis. Relative expression of each pathway and the correlation between genes or pathways were analyzed by bioinformatic methods. Results: By detecting the relative expression of each pathway and the correlation between genes or pathways, we found that COVID-19 could induce testicular cell senescence through MAPK signaling pathway. Cellular senescence was synergistic with MAPK pathway, which further affected the normal synthesis of cholesterol and androgen, inhibited the normal synthesis of lactate and pyruvate, and ultimately affected spermatogenesis. The medications targeting MAPK signaling pathway, especially MAPK1 and MAPK14, are expected to be effective therapeutic medications for reducing COVID-19 damage to spermatogenesis. Conclusion: These results give us a new understanding of how COVID-19 inhibits spermatogenesis and provide a possible solution to alleviate this damage.
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19
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Wei J, Lu X, Bao X, Zhang C, Li J, Ren C, Zhu Z, Ma B, Zhang N, Jin X, Ma B. Aucubin supplementation alleviate diabetes induced-disruption of blood-testis barrier and testicular damage via stabilizing cell junction integrity. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 938:175430. [PMID: 36460131 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Disruption of blood-testis barrier (BTB) was a crucial pathological feature of diabetes induced-testicular injury at early phase. Aucubin (AU), a main active component in Eucommiae Cortex, has drawn attention for its benefits against male reproductive system disease. The current study was aimed at investigating the protective role of AU and exploring the underlying mechanism in diabetic model. A murine model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was induced by high-fat diet (HFD) combined with streptozocin (STZ). Testicular weight index and morphology, sperm quality, integrity of BTB and protein levels were analyzed. The underlying mechanism of the protective effect of AU was further explored in Sertoli cells (SCs) cultured with high glucose (HG). Our results showed AU inhibited testicular structural destruction, restored disruption of BTB and improved abnormal spermatogenic function in diabetic mice. Consistent with in vivo results, HG induced decreased transcellular resistance and increased permeability in SCs monolayers, while AU exposure reverses this trend. Meanwhile, reduced expression of Zonula occludin-1(ZO-1) and Connexin43(Cx43) in testicular tissue diabetic mice and HG-induced SCs was prominently reversed via AU treatment. Mechanistic studies suggested a high affinity interaction between AU and c-Src protein was identified based on molecular docking, and the activation of c-Src was significantly inhibited in AU treatment. Furthermore, AU significantly increased the expression of Cx43 and ZO-1 proteins HG-induced SCs, which can be further enhanced in gene-silenced c-Src cells to some extent. Our results suggested that AU ameliorated disruption of BTB and spermatogenesis dysfunction in diabetic mice via inactivating c-Src to stabilize cell junction integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxun Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuanzhao Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowen Bao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Nanjing Tech University School of Economics & Management. Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoxing Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiming Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Beiting Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Zhang
- School of Chemical and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Kucukyildiz K, Yilmaz-Oral D, Turkcan D, Oztekin CV, Gur S. Impact of COVID-19 on male urogenital health: Success of vaccines. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:103327. [PMID: 35905935 PMCID: PMC9316714 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Throughout 2021, the scientific and medical communities were concentrated on dealing with the acute morbidity and mortality induced by the COVID-19 pandemic due to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We reviewed the present data for adverse effects of COVID-19 on the different parts of the male urogenital system during the dynamic situation of the COVID-19 pandemic. With the approval of COVID-19 vaccinations, there is a ray of hope at the end of this dark tunnel and a chance to look ahead for the management of long-term consequences in males with urogenital illness. A multidisciplinary investigation of these cases could provide information for establishing and optimizing treatment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kutay Kucukyildiz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Didem Yilmaz-Oral
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Damla Turkcan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cetin Volkan Oztekin
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kyrenia, Girne-TRNC, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Serap Gur
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey,Corresponding author
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21
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COVID-19 vs. Cancer Immunosurveillance: A Game of Thrones within an Inflamed Microenviroment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174330. [PMID: 36077865 PMCID: PMC9455004 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic accounts for more than 500 million confirmed infections and over 6 million deaths worldwide in the last 2 years. SARS-CoV-2 causes a highly complex form of inflammation that affects the human organism both acutely and chronically. In the same line, cancer as an inflammation-induced and immune-editing disease appears to cross-react with immune system at different levels including early interactions during carcinogenesis and later cross-talks within the tumor microenvironment. With all that in mind, a reasonable question one might address is whether the SARS-CoV-2 infection and the derived "long lasting inflammatory status" that is frequently observed in patients, might affect the cancer immunosurveillance mechanisms and consequently their risk of developing cancer, as well as the tumor and immune cell behaviors within the inflamed microenvironment. On this context, this review intends to outline and discuss the existing knowledge on SARS-CoV-2-mediated immunomodulation under the prism of changes that might be able to interfere with cancer cell immunoescape and the overall tumor progression and response to conventional therapeutics. Our goal is to highlight a potential interplay between the COVID-19 immunopathology and cancer immune-microenvironment that may pave the way for thorough investigation in the future.
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22
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Gan H, Min J, Long H, Li B, Hu X, Zhu Z, Li L, Wang T, He X, Cai J, Zhang Y, He J, Chen L, Wang D, Su J, Zhao N, Huang W, Zhang J, Su Z, Guo H, Hu X, Mao J, Ma J, Pang P. Microbial and human transcriptional profiling of coronavirus disease 2019 patients: Potential predictors of disease severity. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:959433. [PMID: 36118230 PMCID: PMC9479730 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.959433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The high morbidity of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) brings on a panic around the world. COVID-19 is associated with sex bias, immune system, and preexisting chronic diseases. We analyzed the gene expression in patients with COVID-19 and in their microbiota in order to identify potential biomarkers to aid in disease management. A total of 129 RNA samples from nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, and anal swabs were collected and sequenced in a high-throughput manner. Several microbial strains differed in abundance between patients with mild or severe COVID-19. Microbial genera were more abundant in oropharyngeal swabs than in nasopharyngeal or anal swabs. Oropharyngeal swabs allowed more sensitive detection of the causative SARS-CoV-2. Microbial and human transcriptomes in swabs from patients with mild disease showed enrichment of genes involved in amino acid metabolism, or protein modification via small protein removal, and antibacterial defense responses, respectively, whereas swabs from patients with severe disease showed enrichment of genes involved in drug metabolism, or negative regulation of apoptosis execution, spermatogenesis, and immune system, respectively. Microbial abundance and diversity did not differ significantly between males and females. The expression of several host genes on the X chromosome correlated negatively with disease severity. In this way, our analyses identify host genes whose differential expression could aid in the diagnosis of COVID-19 and prediction of its severity via non-invasive assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairun Gan
- Center for Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jiumeng Min
- BGI PathoGenesis Pharmaceutical Technology, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Clinical Laboratory of BGI Health, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haoyu Long
- Center for Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xinyan Hu
- Center for Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Zhongyi Zhu
- BGI PathoGenesis Pharmaceutical Technology, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Clinical Laboratory of BGI Health, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Luting Li
- Center for Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Tiancheng Wang
- Center for Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xiangyan He
- BGI PathoGenesis Pharmaceutical Technology, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Clinical Laboratory of BGI Health, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianxun Cai
- Center for Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yongyu Zhang
- Center for Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jianan He
- Center for Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Luan Chen
- BGI PathoGenesis Pharmaceutical Technology, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Clinical Laboratory of BGI Health, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dashuai Wang
- Center for Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jintao Su
- BGI PathoGenesis Pharmaceutical Technology, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Clinical Laboratory of BGI Health, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ni Zhao
- Center for Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Weile Huang
- Center for Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Center for Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Ziqi Su
- BGI PathoGenesis Pharmaceutical Technology, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Clinical Laboratory of BGI Health, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Guo
- Center for Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Guo,
| | - Xiaojun Hu
- Center for Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Xiaojun Hu,
| | - Junjie Mao
- Center for Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Junjie Mao,
| | - Jinmin Ma
- BGI PathoGenesis Pharmaceutical Technology, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Jinmin Ma,
| | - Pengfei Pang
- Center for Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Pengfei Pang,
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23
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Zhu CL, Wang L, Zhao XQ, Yang R, Zhang BY, Zhao YY, Xia XJ, Zhang HH, Chen SJ, Jiang JQ, Hu JH, Zhang GP, Bai YY, Lei LC, Zhang XM. Antimicrobial peptide MPX attenuates LPS-induced inflammatory response and blood-testis barrier dysfunction in Sertoli cells. Theriogenology 2022; 189:301-312. [PMID: 35842953 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Orchitis accounts for a high proportion of male animal reproductive disorders. Hence, it is urgent to identify drugs for the prevention and treatment of orchitis. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are currently recognized as one of the most promising alternatives to antibiotics. However, the protective effects of AMPs on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced orchitis have not been reported. In this study, we developed an LPS-induced orchitis model in which primary bovine Sertoli cells were used as model cells. MPX was indicated to effectively reduce the inflammatory response of Sertoli cells. MPX attenuated the gene expression of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β by suppressing the MAPK pathway, especially the phosphorylation of p38 and ERK. MPX also decreased the oxidative stress response caused by LPS and upregulated Occludin and Claudin-1 expression, thereby maintaining the integrity of the blood-testis barrier. Moreover, we found that MPX inhibited apoptosis in Sertoli cells. In a mouse model, we found that MPX significantly inhibited the disruptive effects of LPS, reducing seminiferous epithelium damage, vacuolations, hyperplasia, and apoptosis in spermatogenic cells and rescuing spermatogenesis. In addition, the expression of inflammatory factors such as IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6 and TNF-α was decreased after MPX treatment in the mouse testes. MPX had no effect on other organs in mice, indicating its safety. This study was undertaken to investigate how MPX regulates the inflammatory response in Sertoli cells and provide a reference for the clinical prevention and treatment of male animal orchitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ling Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
| | - Xue-Qin Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Rui Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Bo-Yang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Ya-Ya Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Xia
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Hui-Hui Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Shi-Jun Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Jin-Qing Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Jian-He Hu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Gai-Ping Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Yue-Yu Bai
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
| | - Lian-Cheng Lei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Xue-Ming Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China.
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24
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Shen Y, You Y, Zhu K, Fang C, Yu X, Chang D. Bibliometric and visual analysis of blood-testis barrier research. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:969257. [PMID: 36071829 PMCID: PMC9441755 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.969257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Extensive research on the blood-testis barrier has been undertaken in recent years. However, no systematic bibliometric study has been conducted on this subject. Our research aimed to identify the hotspots and frontiers of blood-testis barrier research and to serve as a guide for future scientific research and decision-making in the field.Methods: Studies on the blood-testis barrier were found in the Web of Science Core Collection. VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Microsoft Excel were used to conduct the bibliometric and visual analyses.Results: We found 942 blood-testis barrier studies published in English between 1992 and 2022. The number of annual publications and citations increased significantly between 2011 and 2022, notably in the United States. China and the United States, the US Population Council, Endocrinology, and Cheng C. Yan were the most productive countries, institution, journal, and author, respectively. The study keywords indicated that blood-testis barrier research involves a variety of compositional features (tight junctions, cytoskeleton, adherens junctions), cell types (Sertoli cells, germ cells, Leydig cells, stem cells), reproductive toxicity (cadmium, nanoparticles, bisphenol-a), and relevant mechanisms (spermatogenesis, apoptosis, oxidative stress, dynamics, inflammation, immune privilege).Conclusion: The composition and molecular processes of the blood-testis barrier as well as the blood-testis barrier in male infertility patients are the primary research hotspots in this field. In addition, future research will likely focus on treatment and the development of novel medications that target signal pathways in oxidative stress and apoptosis to preserve the blood-testis barrier. Further studies must extend to clinical diagnosis and therapy.
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25
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Washburn RL, Hibler T, Kaur G, Dufour JM. Sertoli Cell Immune Regulation: A Double-Edged Sword. Front Immunol 2022; 13:913502. [PMID: 35757731 PMCID: PMC9218077 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.913502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The testis must create and maintain an immune privileged environment to protect maturing germ cells from autoimmune destruction. The establishment of this protective environment is due, at least in part, to Sertoli cells. Sertoli cells line the seminiferous tubules and form the blood-testis barrier (BTB), a barrier between advanced germ cells and the immune system. The BTB compartmentalizes the germ cells and facilitates the appropriate microenvironment necessary for spermatogenesis. Further, Sertoli cells modulate innate and adaptive immune processes through production of immunoregulatory compounds. Sertoli cells, when transplanted ectopically (outside the testis), can also protect transplanted tissue from the recipient’s immune system and reduce immune complications in autoimmune diseases primarily by immune regulation. These properties make Sertoli cells an attractive candidate for inflammatory disease treatments and cell-based therapies. Conversely, the same properties that protect the germ cells also allow the testis to act as a reservoir site for infections. Interestingly, Sertoli cells also have the ability to mount an antimicrobial response, if necessary, as in the case of infections. This review aims to explore how Sertoli cells act as a double-edged sword to both protect germ cells from an autoimmune response and activate innate and adaptive immune responses to fight off infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Washburn
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States.,Immunology and Infectious Disease Concentration, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Taylor Hibler
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States.,Immunology and Infectious Disease Concentration, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Gurvinder Kaur
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States.,Department of Medical Education, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Jannette M Dufour
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States.,Immunology and Infectious Disease Concentration, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States.,Department of Medical Education, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
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26
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Ashour L. Roles of the ACE/Ang II/AT1R pathway, cytokine release, and alteration of tight junctions in COVID-19 pathogenesis. Tissue Barriers 2022; 11:2090792. [PMID: 35726726 PMCID: PMC10161962 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2022.2090792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper shows how SARS-CoV-2 alters tight junctions (TJs) in human organs. The effect of SARS-CoV-2 on the ACE/Ang II/AT1R pathway and immune cells culminates in the release of numerous pro-inflammatory mediators, leading to the presence of certain symptoms in COVID-19, such as acute lung injury (ALI), pulmonary hypertension, and pulmonary fibrosis. Furthermore, the cytokines released alter different TJs components. The study shows how the irregular release of pro-inflammatory cytokines leads to claudin disruption in various tissues of the body, resulting in different symptoms, such as alveolar fibrosis, pulmonary edema, conjunctivitis, altered fertility in males, gastrointestinal symptoms, Covid toes, and others. SARS-CoV-2 also alters occludin expression in the endothelial and blood-testis barriers (BTB) resulting in edema and altered fertility. Viral disruption of JAM-A leads to activation of the RhoA GTPase, which leads to ALI. Taken together, these results define ACE/Ang II/AT1R pathway receptors and tight junctional components as potential therapeutic targets in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laith Ashour
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt, Jordan
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27
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Omolaoye TS, Jalaleddine N, Cardona Maya WD, du Plessis SS. Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 and Male Infertility: Could Connexin and Pannexin Play a Role? Front Physiol 2022; 13:866675. [PMID: 35721552 PMCID: PMC9205395 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.866675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on male infertility has lately received significant attention. SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in humans, has been shown to impose adverse effects on both the structural components and function of the testis, which potentially impact spermatogenesis. These adverse effects are partially explained by fever, systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and an increased immune response leading to impaired blood-testis barrier. It has been well established that efficient cellular communication via gap junctions or functional channels is required for tissue homeostasis. Connexins and pannexins are two protein families that mediate autocrine and paracrine signaling between the cells and the extracellular environment. These channel-forming proteins have been shown to play a role in coordinating cellular communication in the testis and epididymis. Despite their role in maintaining a proper male reproductive milieu, their function is disrupted under pathological conditions. The involvement of these channels has been well documented in several physiological and pathological conditions and their designated function in infectious diseases. However, their role in COVID-19 and their meaningful contribution to male infertility remains to be elucidated. Therefore, this review highlights the multivariate pathophysiological mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 involvement in male reproduction. It also aims to shed light on the role of connexin and pannexin channels in disease progression, emphasizing their unexplored role and regulation of SARS-CoV-2 pathophysiology. Finally, we hypothesize the possible involvement of connexins and pannexins in SARS-CoV-2 inducing male infertility to assist future research ideas targeting therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temidayo S. Omolaoye
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nour Jalaleddine
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Walter D. Cardona Maya
- Reproduction Group, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Stefan S. du Plessis
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
- *Correspondence: Stefan S. du Plessis,
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28
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Madden PJ, Thomas Y, Blair RV, Samer S, Doyle M, Midkiff CC, Doyle-Meyers LA, Becker ME, Arif MS, McRaven MD, Simons LM, Carias AM, Martinelli E, Lorenzo-Redondo R, Hultquist JF, Villinger FJ, Veazey RS, Hope TJ. An immunoPET probe to SARS-CoV-2 reveals early infection of the male genital tract in rhesus macaques. RESEARCH SQUARE 2022:rs.3.rs-1479315. [PMID: 35411346 PMCID: PMC8996619 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1479315/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The systemic nature of SARS-CoV-2 infection is highly recognized, but poorly characterized. A non-invasive and unbiased method is needed to clarify whole body spatiotemporal dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 infection after transmission. We recently developed a probe based on the anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody CR3022 to study SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis in vivo. Herein, we describe its use in immunoPET to investigate SARS-CoV-2 infection of three rhesus macaques. Using PET/CT imaging of macaques at different times post-SARS-CoV-2 inoculation, we track the 64Cu-labelled CR3022-F(ab')2 probe targeting the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 to study the dynamics of infection within the respiratory tract and uncover novel sites of infection. Using this method, we uncovered differences in lung pathology between infection with the WA1 isolate and the delta variant, which were readily corroborated through computed tomography scans. The 64Cu-CR3022-probe also demonstrated dynamic changes occurring between 1- and 2-weeks post-infection. Remarkably, a robust signal was seen in the male genital tract (MGT) of all three animals studied. Infection of the MGT was validated by immunofluorescence imaging of infected cells in the testicular and penile tissue and severe pathology was observed in the testes of one animal at 2-weeks post-infection. The results presented here underscore the utility of using immunoPET to study the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 infection to understand its pathogenicity and discover new anatomical sites of viral replication. We provide direct evidence for SARS-CoV-2 infection of the MGT in rhesus macaques revealing the possible pathologic outcomes of viral replication at these sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Madden
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yanique Thomas
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Robert V Blair
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Sadia Samer
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Mark Doyle
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Cecily C Midkiff
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | | | - Mark E Becker
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Muhammad S Arif
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael D McRaven
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lacy M Simons
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Pathogen Genomics and Microbial Evolution, Havey Institute for Global Health, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ann M Carias
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Elena Martinelli
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ramon Lorenzo-Redondo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Pathogen Genomics and Microbial Evolution, Havey Institute for Global Health, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Judd F Hultquist
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Pathogen Genomics and Microbial Evolution, Havey Institute for Global Health, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Francois J Villinger
- New Iberia Research Center, University of Louisiana-Lafayette, New Iberia, Louisiana, USA
| | - Ronald S Veazey
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Thomas J Hope
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Transgenerational epigenetic impacts of parental infection on offspring health and disease susceptibility. Trends Genet 2022; 38:662-675. [PMID: 35410793 PMCID: PMC8992946 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Maternal immune activation (MIA) and infection during pregnancy are known to reprogramme offspring phenotypes. However, the epigenetic effects of preconceptual paternal infection and paternal immune activation (PIA) are not currently well understood. Recent reports show that paternal infection and immune activation can affect offspring phenotypes, particularly brain function, behaviour, and immune system functioning, across multiple generations without re-exposure to infection. Evidence from other environmental exposures indicates that epigenetic inheritance also occurs in humans. Given the growing impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it is imperative that we investigate all of the potential epigenetic mechanisms and multigenerational phenotypes that may arise from both maternal and paternal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, as well as associated MIA, PIA, and inflammation. This will allow us to understand and, if necessary, mitigate any potential changes in disease susceptibility in the children, and grandchildren, of affected parents.
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30
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Madden PJ, Thomas Y, Blair RV, Samer S, Doyle M, Midkiff CC, Doyle-Meyers LA, Becker ME, Arif MS, McRaven MD, Simons LM, Carias AM, Martinelli E, Lorenzo-Redondo R, Hultquist JF, Villinger FJ, Veazey RS, Hope TJ. An immunoPET probe to SARS-CoV-2 reveals early infection of the male genital tract in rhesus macaques. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2022:2022.02.25.481974. [PMID: 35262081 PMCID: PMC8902882 DOI: 10.1101/2022.02.25.481974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The systemic nature of SARS-CoV-2 infection is highly recognized, but poorly characterized. A non-invasive and unbiased method is needed to clarify whole body spatiotemporal dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 infection after transmission. We recently developed a probe based on the anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody CR3022 to study SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis in vivo. Herein, we describe its use in immunoPET to investigate SARS-CoV-2 infection of three rhesus macaques. Using PET/CT imaging of macaques at different times post-SARS-CoV-2 inoculation, we track the 64Cu-labelled CR3022-F(ab')2 probe targeting the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 to study the dynamics of infection within the respiratory tract and uncover novel sites of infection. Using this method, we uncovered differences in lung pathology between infection with the WA1 isolate and the delta variant, which were readily corroborated through computed tomography scans. The 64Cu-CR3022-probe also demonstrated dynamic changes occurring between 1- and 2-weeks post-infection. Remarkably, a robust signal was seen in the male genital tract (MGT) of all three animals studied. Infection of the MGT was validated by immunofluorescence imaging of infected cells in the testicular and penile tissue and severe pathology was observed in the testes of one animal at 2-weeks post-infection. The results presented here underscore the utility of using immunoPET to study the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 infection to understand its pathogenicity and discover new anatomical sites of viral replication. We provide direct evidence for SARS-CoV-2 infection of the MGT in rhesus macaques revealing the possible pathologic outcomes of viral replication at these sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Madden
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yanique Thomas
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Robert V Blair
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Sadia Samer
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Mark Doyle
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Cecily C Midkiff
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | | | - Mark E Becker
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Muhammad S Arif
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael D McRaven
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lacy M Simons
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Pathogen Genomics and Microbial Evolution, Havey Institute for Global Health, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ann M Carias
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Elena Martinelli
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ramon Lorenzo-Redondo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Pathogen Genomics and Microbial Evolution, Havey Institute for Global Health, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Judd F Hultquist
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Pathogen Genomics and Microbial Evolution, Havey Institute for Global Health, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Francois J Villinger
- New Iberia Research Center, University of Louisiana-Lafayette, New Iberia, Louisiana, USA
| | - Ronald S Veazey
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Thomas J Hope
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Action and Interaction between Retinoic Acid Signaling and Blood–Testis Barrier Function in the Spermatogenesis Cycle. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030352. [PMID: 35159162 PMCID: PMC8834282 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is a complex process occurring in mammalian testes, and constant sperm production depends on the exact regulation of the microenvironment in the testes. Many studies have indicated the crucial role of blood–testis barrier (BTB) junctions and retinoic acid (RA) signaling in the spermatogenesis process. The BTB consists of junctions between adjacent Sertoli cells, comprised mainly of tight junctions and gap junctions. In vitamin A-deficient mice, halted spermatogenesis could be rebooted by RA or vitamin A administration, indicating that RA is absolutely required for spermatogenesis. Accordingly, this manuscript will review and discuss how RA and the BTB regulate spermatogenesis and the interaction between RA signaling and BTB function.
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32
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Zhu G, Du S, Wang Y, Huang X, Hu G, Lu X, Li D, Zhu Y, Qu D, Cai Q, Liu L, Du M. Delayed Antiviral Immune Responses in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infected Pregnant Mice. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:806902. [PMID: 35126335 PMCID: PMC8814454 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.806902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex differences in immune responses had been reported to correlate with different symptoms and mortality in the disease course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, whether severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection interferes with females’ fertility and causes different symptoms among pregnant and non-pregnant females remains unknown. Here, we examined the differences in viral loads, SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody titers, proinflammatory cytokines, and levels of T cell activation after SARS-CoV-2 sub-lethal infection between pregnant and non-pregnant human Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme II (ACE2) transgenic mouse models. Both mice showed elevated levels of viral loads in the lung at 4 days post-infection (dpi). However, viral loads in the pregnant group remained elevated at 7 dpi while decreased in the non-pregnant group. Consistent with viral loads, increased production of proinflammatory cytokines was detected from the pregnant group, and the IgM or SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibody in serum of pregnant mice featured delayed elevation compared with non-pregnant mice. Moreover, by accessing kinetics of activation marker expression of peripheral T cells after infection, a lower level of CD8+ T cell activation was observed in pregnant mice, further demonstrating the difference of immune-response between pregnant and non-pregnant mice. Although vertical transmission did not occur as SARS-CoV-2 RNA was absent in the uterus and fetus from the infected pregnant mice, a lower pregnancy rate was observed when the mice were infected before embryo implantation after mating, indicating that SARS-CoV-2 infection may interfere with mice’s fertility at a specific time window. In summary, pregnant mice bear a weaker ability to eliminate the SARS-CoV-2 virus than non-pregnant mice, which was correlated with lower levels of antibody production and T cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Zhu
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujuan Du
- MOE & NHC & CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyan Wang
- MOE & NHC & CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xixi Huang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gaowei Hu
- MOE & NHC & CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Lu
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dajin Li
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yizhun Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Di Qu
- MOE & NHC & CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiliang Cai
- MOE & NHC & CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Qiliang Cai,
| | - Lu Liu
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Lu Liu,
| | - Meirong Du
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Meirong Du,
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Hasan H, Bhushan S, Fijak M, Meinhardt A. Mechanism of Inflammatory Associated Impairment of Sperm Function, Spermatogenesis and Steroidogenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:897029. [PMID: 35574022 PMCID: PMC9096214 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.897029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection and inflammation are relevant entities of male reproductive disorders that can lead to sub-/infertility. Associated damage of the testis of affected men and in rodent models include leukocytic infiltration, edema formation, fibrosis, germ cell loss and reduced androgen levels. Negative effects on spermatogenesis are thought to be elicited by oxidative stress sustained mostly by increased levels of ROS and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Under normal conditions these cytokines have physiological functions. However, increased levels as seen in inflammation and infection, but also in obesity and cancer are harmful for germ cells and impair steroidogenesis. As a summary, there is mounting evidence that the activation of inflammatory pathways is a rather common feature in various forms of male testicular disorders that extends beyond established infectious/inflammatory cues. This mini review will focus on relevant entities and the mechanisms of how a dysbalance of local testicular factors contributes to disturbances of spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Monika Fijak
- *Correspondence: Andreas Meinhardt, ; Monika Fijak,
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34
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Implications of testicular ACE2 and the renin-angiotensin system for SARS-CoV-2 on testis function. Nat Rev Urol 2022; 19:116-127. [PMID: 34837081 PMCID: PMC8622117 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-021-00542-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although many studies have focused on SARS-CoV-2 infection in the lungs, comparatively little is known about the potential effects of the virus on male fertility. SARS-CoV-2 infection of target cells requires the presence of furin, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors, and transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2). Thus, cells in the body that express these proteins might be highly susceptible to viral entry and downstream effects. Currently, reports regarding the expression of the viral entry proteins in the testes are conflicting; however, other members of the SARS-CoV family of viruses - such as SARS-CoV - have been suspected to cause testicular dysfunction and/or orchitis. SARS-CoV-2, which displays many similarities to SARS-CoV, could potentially cause similar adverse effects. Commonalities between SARS family members, taken in combination with sparse reports of testicular discomfort and altered hormone levels in patients with SARS-CoV-2, might indicate possible testicular dysfunction. Thus, SARS-CoV-2 infection has the potential for effects on testis somatic and germline cells and experimental approaches might be required to help identify potential short-term and long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 on male fertility.
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35
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Guo J, Sheng K, Wu S, Chen H, Xu W. An Update on the Relationship of SARS-CoV-2 and Male Reproduction. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:788321. [PMID: 34887838 PMCID: PMC8649688 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.788321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the outbreak of the COVID-19, up to now, infection cases have been continuously rising to over 200 million around the world. Male bias in morbidity and mortality has emerged in the COVID-19 pandemic. The infection of SARS-CoV-2 has been reported to cause the impairment of multiple organs that highly express the viral receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), including lung, kidney, and testis. Adverse effects on the male reproductive system, such as infertility and sexual dysfunction, have been associated with COVID-19. This causes a rising concern among couples intending to have a conception or who need assisted reproduction. To date, a body of studies explored the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on male reproduction from different aspects. This review aims to provide a panoramic view to understand the effect of the virus on male reproduction and a new perspective of further research for reproductive clinicians and scientists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juncen Guo
- Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong (SCU-CUHK) Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynaecologic and Paediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, Department of Obstetric and Gynaecologic, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kai Sheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shriners Hospital for Children, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sixian Wu
- Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong (SCU-CUHK) Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynaecologic and Paediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, Department of Obstetric and Gynaecologic, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hanxiao Chen
- Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong (SCU-CUHK) Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynaecologic and Paediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, Department of Obstetric and Gynaecologic, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenming Xu
- Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong (SCU-CUHK) Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynaecologic and Paediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, Department of Obstetric and Gynaecologic, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Wenming Xu,
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