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Sama AD, Avci Durmusalioglu E, Isik E, Turkut Tan T, Topaloglu MM, Dogan YC, Acar A, Duman N, Atik T. Molecular insights into genodermatoses: Genetic findings from 43 patients. Arch Dermatol Res 2025; 317:512. [PMID: 40025372 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-025-04056-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2025] [Revised: 02/08/2025] [Accepted: 02/12/2025] [Indexed: 03/04/2025]
Abstract
Genodermatoses, a group of inherited skin disorders, are characterized by significant genetic heterogeneity and clinical variability, often posing diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, such as whole exome sequencing (WES) and clinical exome sequencing (CES), have transformed the diagnostic landscape by enabling comprehensive genetic analysis. This study aimed to investigate the molecular spectrum and clinical relevance of genetic findings in 43 patients diagnosed with genodermatoses. Demographic, clinical, and molecular data were collected, and genetic testing was performed using the MGI-Seq platform. Variants were analyzed for pathogenicity, zygosity, and novelty. Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (27.9%) and Epidermolysis Bullosa (23.2%) were the most common diagnoses, followed by Ichthyosis (16.2%) and Oculocutaneous Albinism (13.9%). Less frequent conditions included Ectodermal Dysplasia (6.9%) and single cases of Palmoplantar Keratoderma, PTEN Hamartoma Syndrome, Rothmund-Thomson Syndrome, Xeroderma Pigmentosum, and Megaconial Congenital Muscular Dystrophy (each 2.3%). Molecular findings underscored the genetic complexity of genodermatoses, with 42 distinct variants identified across 19 genes. Of these, 13 variants (31%) were novel, expanding the known molecular spectrum. The novel variants were detected in genes including NF1, COL7A1, ITGB4, COL17A1, NIPAL4, ALOX12B, KRT10, ST14, OCA2, and PTEN, highlighting the diagnostic value of comprehensive genetic analysis. The mean age at diagnosis varied significantly among conditions, reflecting the diagnostic challenges and clinical variability of genodermatoses. This study emphasizes the critical role of WES and CES in diagnosing genodermatoses and understanding their molecular basis, which enhances diagnostic accuracy and supports personalized management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arzu Deniz Sama
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Enise Avci Durmusalioglu
- Division of Pediatric Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Esra Isik
- Division of Pediatric Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Turkan Turkut Tan
- Division of Pediatric Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Mert Topaloglu
- Division of Pediatric Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Can Dogan
- Division of Pediatric Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ayda Acar
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Nilay Duman
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Tahir Atik
- Division of Pediatric Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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Schacht V, Lehmann U, Reineke-Plaass T, Länger F, Auber B, Morlot S, Kreipe HH. [Possibilities and limitations of molecular pathology in dermatohistology]. Hautarzt 2018; 69:563-569. [PMID: 29876610 DOI: 10.1007/s00105-018-4206-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Malignant tumours, infections caused by microorganisms or genodermatoses are diagnosed with additional help of molecular pathology methods. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sequencing and in situ hybridisations play an important role. It remains to be seen if methods such as "liquid biopsies" or "single cell genomics" can be developed as routine diagnostics. High technical efforts, high costs and no possibility for resistency testing is accompanied by fast verification, high sensitivity and high specificity. Overall, molecular pathology results have to be combined with the clinical picture, histology or immunohistochemistry and culturing results to achieve a correct diagnosis for the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Schacht
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Allergologie und Venerologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland.
| | - U Lehmann
- Institut für Pathologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - T Reineke-Plaass
- Institut für Pathologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - F Länger
- Institut für Pathologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - B Auber
- Institut für Humangenetik, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - S Morlot
- Institut für Humangenetik, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - H-H Kreipe
- Institut für Pathologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Deutschland
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Tantcheva-Poór I, Oji V, Has C. A multistep approach to the diagnosis of rare genodermatoses. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2016; 14:969-986. [DOI: 10.1111/ddg.13140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vinzenz Oji
- Department of Dermatology; University of Münster; Germany
| | - Cristina Has
- Department of Dermatology; University of Freiburg; Germany
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Tantcheva-Poór I, Oji V, Has C. Ein mehrstufiger Algorithmus zur Diagnose seltener Genodermatosen. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2016; 14:969-987. [DOI: 10.1111/ddg.13140_g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vinzenz Oji
- Klinik für Hautkrankheiten; Universitätsklinikum Münster
| | - Cristina Has
- Klinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie; Universitätsklinikum Freiburg
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