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Wei YY, Liang S, Zhu XM, Liu XH, Lin FC. Recent Advances in Effector Research of Magnaporthe oryzae. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1650. [PMID: 38002332 PMCID: PMC10669146 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Recalcitrant rice blast disease is caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, which has a significant negative economic reverberation on crop productivity. In order to induce the disease onto the host, M. oryzae positively generates many types of small secreted proteins, here named as effectors, to manipulate the host cell for the purpose of stimulating pathogenic infection. In M. oryzae, by engaging with specific receptors on the cell surface, effectors activate signaling channels which control an array of cellular activities, such as proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. The most recent research on effector identification, classification, function, secretion, and control mechanism has been compiled in this review. In addition, the article also discusses directions and challenges for future research into an effector in M. oryzae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yun Wei
- College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China;
| | - Shuang Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (S.L.); (X.-M.Z.)
| | - Xue-Ming Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (S.L.); (X.-M.Z.)
| | - Xiao-Hong Liu
- Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fu-Cheng Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (S.L.); (X.-M.Z.)
- Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Simon EV, Hechanova SL, Hernandez JE, Li CP, Tülek A, Ahn EK, Jairin J, Choi IR, Sundaram RM, Jena KK, Kim SR. Available cloned genes and markers for genetic improvement of biotic stress resistance in rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1247014. [PMID: 37731986 PMCID: PMC10507716 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1247014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Biotic stress is one of the major threats to stable rice production. Climate change affects the shifting of pest outbreaks in time and space. Genetic improvement of biotic stress resistance in rice is a cost-effective and environment-friendly way to control diseases and pests compared to other methods such as chemical spraying. Fast deployment of the available and suitable genes/alleles in local elite varieties through marker-assisted selection (MAS) is crucial for stable high-yield rice production. In this review, we focused on consolidating all the available cloned genes/alleles conferring resistance against rice pathogens (virus, bacteria, and fungus) and insect pests, the corresponding donor materials, and the DNA markers linked to the identified genes. To date, 48 genes (independent loci) have been cloned for only major biotic stresses: seven genes for brown planthopper (BPH), 23 for blast, 13 for bacterial blight, and five for viruses. Physical locations of the 48 genes were graphically mapped on the 12 rice chromosomes so that breeders can easily find the locations of the target genes and distances among all the biotic stress resistance genes and any other target trait genes. For efficient use of the cloned genes, we collected all the publically available DNA markers (~500 markers) linked to the identified genes. In case of no available cloned genes yet for the other biotic stresses, we provided brief information such as donor germplasm, quantitative trait loci (QTLs), and the related papers. All the information described in this review can contribute to the fast genetic improvement of biotic stress resistance in rice for stable high-yield rice production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Vie Simon
- Rice Breeding Innovation Department, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Laguna, Philippines
- Institute of Crop Science (ICropS), University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Sherry Lou Hechanova
- Rice Breeding Innovation Department, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Laguna, Philippines
| | - Jose E. Hernandez
- Institute of Crop Science (ICropS), University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Charng-Pei Li
- Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute (TARI), Council of Agriculture, Taiwan
| | - Adnan Tülek
- Trakya Agricultural Research Institute, Edirne, Türkiye
| | - Eok-Keun Ahn
- National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Republic of Korea
| | - Jirapong Jairin
- Division of Rice Research and Development, Rice Department, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Il-Ryong Choi
- Rice Breeding Innovation Department, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Laguna, Philippines
- National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Republic of Korea
| | - Raman M. Sundaram
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, India
| | - Kshirod K. Jena
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sung-Ryul Kim
- Rice Breeding Innovation Department, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Laguna, Philippines
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Xiao G, Wang W, Liu M, Li Y, Liu J, Franceschetti M, Yi Z, Zhu X, Zhang Z, Lu G, Banfield MJ, Wu J, Zhou B. The Piks allele of the NLR immune receptor Pik breaks the recognition of AvrPik effectors of rice blast fungus. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:810-824. [PMID: 36178632 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Arms race co-evolution of plant-pathogen interactions evolved sophisticated recognition mechanisms between host immune receptors and pathogen effectors. Different allelic haplotypes of an immune receptor in the host mount distinct recognition against sequence or non-sequence related effectors in pathogens. We report the molecular characterization of the Piks allele of the rice immune receptor Pik against rice blast pathogen, which requires two head-to-head arrayed nucleotide-binding sites and leucine-rich repeat proteins. Like other Pik alleles, both Piks-1 and Piks-2 are necessary and sufficient for mediating resistance. However, unlike other Pik alleles, Piks does not recognize any known AvrPik variants of Magnaporthe oryzae. Sequence analysis of the genome of an avirulent isolate V86010 further revealed that its cognate avirulence (Avr) gene most likely has no significant sequence similarity to known AvrPik variants. Piks-1 and Pikm-1 have only two amino acid differences within the integrated heavy metal-associated (HMA) domain. Pikm-HMA interacts with AvrPik-A, -D, and -E in vitro and in vivo, whereas Piks-HMA does not bind any AvrPik variants. Characterization of two amino acid residues differing Piks-1 from Pikm-1 reveal that Piks-E229Q derived from the exchange of Glu229 to Gln229 in Piks-1 gains recognition specificity against AvrPik-D but not AvrPik-A or -E, indicating that Piks-E229Q partially restores the Pikm spectrum. By contrast, Piks-A261V derived from the exchange of Ala261 to Val261 in Piks-1 retains Piks recognition specificity. We conclude that Glu229 in Piks-1 is critical for Piks breaking the canonical Pik/AvrPik recognition pattern. Intriguingly, binding activity and ectopic cell death induction is maintained between Piks-A261V and AvrPik-D, implying that positive outcomes from ectopic assays might be insufficient to deduce its immune activity against the relevant effectors in rice and rice blast interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410128, China
- International Rice Research Institute, Metro Manila, 1301, Philippines
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Muxing Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jianbin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Marina Franceschetti
- Department of Biochemistry and Metabolism, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Zhaofeng Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zhengguang Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guodong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Mark J Banfield
- Department of Biochemistry and Metabolism, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- International Rice Research Institute, Metro Manila, 1301, Philippines
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Kumar R, Bahuguna RN, Tiwari M, Pal M, Chinnusamy V, Sreeman S, Muthurajan R, Krishna Jagadish SV. Walking through crossroads-rice responses to heat and biotic stress interactions. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:4065-4081. [PMID: 35713657 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-022-04131-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rice, the most important source of calories for humans is prone to severe yield loss due to changing climate including heat stress. Additionally, rice encounters biotic stresses in conjunction with heat stress, which exacerbates the adverse effects, and exponentially increase such losses. Several investigations have identified biotic and heat stress-related quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that may contribute to improved tolerance to these stresses. However, a significant knowledge gap exists in identifying the genomic regions imparting tolerance against combined biotic and heat stress. Hereby, we are presenting a conceptual meta-analysis identifying genomic regions that may be promising candidates for enhancing combined biotic and heat stress tolerance in rice. Fourteen common genomic regions were identified along chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 10 and 12, which harbored 1265 genes related to heat stress and defense responses in rice. Further, the meta expression analysis revealed 24 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in calcium-mediated stress signaling including transcription factors Myb, bHLH, ROS signaling, molecular chaperones HSP110 and pathogenesis related proteins. Additionally, we also proposed a hypothetical model based on GO and MapMan analysis representing the pathways intersecting heat and biotic stresses. These DEGs can be potential candidate genes for improving tolerance to combined biotic and heat stress in rice. We present a framework highlighting plausible connecting links (QTLs/genes) between rice response to heat stress and different biotic factors associated with yield, that can be extended to other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh Kumar
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Rajeev N Bahuguna
- Center for Advanced Studies on Climate Change, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, India
| | - Manish Tiwari
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Madan Pal
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Viswanathan Chinnusamy
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Sheshshayee Sreeman
- Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Raveendran Muthurajan
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641003, India.
| | - S V Krishna Jagadish
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA.
- Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, India.
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641003, India.
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
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Sahu PK, Sao R, Choudhary DK, Thada A, Kumar V, Mondal S, Das BK, Jankuloski L, Sharma D. Advancement in the Breeding, Biotechnological and Genomic Tools towards Development of Durable Genetic Resistance against the Rice Blast Disease. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11182386. [PMID: 36145787 PMCID: PMC9504543 DOI: 10.3390/plants11182386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Rice production needs to be sustained in the coming decades, as the changeable climatic conditions are becoming more conducive to disease outbreaks. The majority of rice diseases cause enormous economic damage and yield instability. Among them, rice blast caused by Magnaportheoryzae is a serious fungal disease and is considered one of the major threats to world rice production. This pathogen can infect the above-ground tissues of rice plants at any growth stage and causes complete crop failure under favorable conditions. Therefore, management of blast disease is essentially required to sustain global food production. When looking at the drawback of chemical management strategy, the development of durable, resistant varieties is one of the most sustainable, economic, and environment-friendly approaches to counter the outbreaks of rice blasts. Interestingly, several blast-resistant rice cultivars have been developed with the help of breeding and biotechnological methods. In addition, 146 R genes have been identified, and 37 among them have been molecularly characterized to date. Further, more than 500 loci have been identified for blast resistance which enhances the resources for developing blast resistance through marker-assisted selection (MAS), marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB), and genome editing tools. Apart from these, a better understanding of rice blast pathogens, the infection process of the pathogen, and the genetics of the immune response of the host plant are very important for the effective management of the blast disease. Further, high throughput phenotyping and disease screening protocols have played significant roles in easy comprehension of the mechanism of disease spread. The present review critically emphasizes the pathogenesis, pathogenomics, screening techniques, traditional and molecular breeding approaches, and transgenic and genome editing tools to develop a broad spectrum and durable resistance against blast disease in rice. The updated and comprehensive information presented in this review would be definitely helpful for the researchers, breeders, and students in the planning and execution of a resistance breeding program in rice against this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parmeshwar K. Sahu
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur 492012, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Richa Sao
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur 492012, Chhattisgarh, India
| | | | - Antra Thada
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur 492012, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Vinay Kumar
- ICAR-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management, Baronda, Raipur 493225, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Suvendu Mondal
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bikram K. Das
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ljupcho Jankuloski
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre, International Atomic Energy Agency, 1400 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: (L.J.); (D.S.); Tel.: +91-7000591137 (D.S.)
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur 492012, Chhattisgarh, India
- Correspondence: (L.J.); (D.S.); Tel.: +91-7000591137 (D.S.)
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Understanding the Dynamics of Blast Resistance in Rice-Magnaporthe oryzae Interactions. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8060584. [PMID: 35736067 PMCID: PMC9224618 DOI: 10.3390/jof8060584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice is a global food grain crop for more than one-third of the human population and a source for food and nutritional security. Rice production is subjected to various stresses; blast disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the major biotic stresses that has the potential to destroy total crop under severe conditions. In the present review, we discuss the importance of rice and blast disease in the present and future global context, genomics and molecular biology of blast pathogen and rice, and the molecular interplay between rice–M. oryzae interaction governed by different gene interaction models. We also elaborated in detail on M. oryzae effector and Avr genes, and the role of noncoding RNAs in disease development. Further, rice blast resistance QTLs; resistance (R) genes; and alleles identified, cloned, and characterized are discussed. We also discuss the utilization of QTLs and R genes for blast resistance through conventional breeding and transgenic approaches. Finally, we review the demonstrated examples and potential applications of the latest genome-editing tools in understanding and managing blast disease in rice.
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Liu Z, Zhu Y, Shi H, Qiu J, Ding X, Kou Y. Recent Progress in Rice Broad-Spectrum Disease Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11658. [PMID: 34769087 PMCID: PMC8584176 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice is one of the most important food crops in the world. However, stable rice production is constrained by various diseases, in particular rice blast, sheath blight, bacterial blight, and virus diseases. Breeding and cultivation of resistant rice varieties is the most effective method to control the infection of pathogens. Exploitation and utilization of the genetic determinants of broad-spectrum resistance represent a desired way to improve the resistance of susceptible rice varieties. Recently, researchers have focused on the identification of rice broad-spectrum disease resistance genes, which include R genes, defense-regulator genes, and quantitative trait loci (QTL) against two or more pathogen species or many isolates of the same pathogen species. The cloning of broad-spectrum disease resistance genes and understanding their underlying mechanisms not only provide new genetic resources for breeding broad-spectrum rice varieties, but also promote the development of new disease resistance breeding strategies, such as editing susceptibility and executor R genes. In this review, the most recent advances in the identification of broad-spectrum disease resistance genes in rice and their application in crop improvement through biotechnology approaches during the past 10 years are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiquan Liu
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (J.Q.)
| | - Yujun Zhu
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (J.Q.)
| | - Huanbin Shi
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (J.Q.)
| | - Jiehua Qiu
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (J.Q.)
| | - Xinhua Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China;
| | - Yanjun Kou
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (J.Q.)
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Li Y, Zheng YP, Zhou XH, Yang XM, He XR, Feng Q, Zhu Y, Li GB, Wang H, Zhao JH, Hu XH, Pu M, Zhou SX, Ji YP, Zhao ZX, Zhang JW, Huang YY, Fan J, Zhang LL, Wang WM. Rice miR1432 Fine-Tunes the Balance of Yield and Blast Disease Resistance via Different Modules. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 14:87. [PMID: 34674053 PMCID: PMC8531185 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-021-00529-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
microRNAs act as fine-tuners in the regulation of plant growth and resistance against biotic and abiotic stress. Here we demonstrate that rice miR1432 fine-tunes yield and blast disease resistance via different modules. Overexpression of miR1432 leads to compromised resistance and decreased yield, whereas blocking miR1432 using a target mimic of miR1432 results in enhanced resistance and yield. miR1432 suppresses the expression of LOC_Os03g59790, which encodes an EF-hand family protein 1 (OsEFH1). Overexpression of OsEFH1 leads to enhanced rice resistance but decreased grain yield. Further study revealed that miR1432 and OsEFH1 are differentially responsive to chitin, a fungus-derived pathogen/microbe-associated molecular pattern (PAMP/MAMP). Consistently, blocking miR1432 or overexpression of OsEFH1 improves chitin-triggered immunity responses. In contrast, overexpression of ACOT, another target gene regulating rice yield traits, has no significant effects on rice blast disease resistance. Altogether, these results indicate that miR1432 balances yield and resistance via different target genes, and blocking miR1432 can simultaneously improve yield and resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya-Ping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin-Hui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue-Mei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Rong He
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guo-Bang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - He Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing-Hao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mei Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shi-Xin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun-Peng Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhi-Xue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ji-Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan-Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling-Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Wen-Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
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9
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Mutiga SK, Rotich F, Were VM, Kimani JM, Mwongera DT, Mgonja E, Onaga G, Konaté K, Razanaboahirana C, Bigirimana J, Ndayiragije A, Gichuhi E, Yanoria MJ, Otipa M, Wasilwa L, Ouedraogo I, Mitchell T, Wang GL, Correll JC, Talbot NJ. Integrated Strategies for Durable Rice Blast Resistance in Sub-Saharan Africa. PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:2749-2770. [PMID: 34253045 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-03-21-0593-fe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rice is a key food security crop in Africa. The importance of rice has led to increasing country-specific, regional, and multinational efforts to develop germplasm and policy initiatives to boost production for a more food-secure continent. Currently, this critically important cereal crop is predominantly cultivated by small-scale farmers under suboptimal conditions in most parts of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Rice blast disease, caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, represents one of the major biotic constraints to rice production under small-scale farming systems of Africa, and developing durable disease resistance is therefore of critical importance. In this review, we provide an overview of the major advances by a multinational collaborative research effort to enhance sustainable rice production across SSA and how it is affected by advances in regional policy. As part of the multinational effort, we highlight the importance of joint international partnerships in tackling multiple crop production constraints through integrated research and outreach programs. More specifically, we highlight recent progress in establishing international networks for rice blast disease surveillance, farmer engagement, monitoring pathogen virulence spectra, and the establishment of regionally based blast resistance breeding programs. To develop blast-resistant, high yielding rice varieties for Africa, we have established a breeding pipeline that utilizes real-time data of pathogen diversity and virulence spectra, to identify major and minor blast resistance genes for introgression into locally adapted rice cultivars. In addition, the project has developed a package to support sustainable rice production through regular stakeholder engagement, training of agricultural extension officers, and establishment of plant clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel K Mutiga
- Biosciences eastern and central Africa - International Livestock Research Institute (BecA-ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, U.S.A
| | - Felix Rotich
- Department of Agricultural Resource Management, University of Embu, Embu, Kenya
| | - Vincent M Were
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7UH, U.K
| | - John M Kimani
- Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - David T Mwongera
- Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO), Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Geoffrey Onaga
- National Agricultural Research Organization, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Kadougoudiou Konaté
- Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | | | | | | | - Emily Gichuhi
- Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO), Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Miriam Otipa
- Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Lusike Wasilwa
- Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Ibrahima Ouedraogo
- Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Thomas Mitchell
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, U.S.A
| | - Guo-Liang Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, U.S.A
| | - James C Correll
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, U.S.A
| | - Nicholas J Talbot
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7UH, U.K
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10
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Wang W, Su J, Chen K, Yang J, Chen S, Wang C, Feng A, Wang Z, Wei X, Zhu X, Lu GD, Zhou B. Dynamics of the Rice Blast Fungal Population in the Field After Deployment of an Improved Rice Variety Containing Known Resistance Genes. PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:919-928. [PMID: 32967563 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-20-1348-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rice blast, caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the most destructive diseases of rice worldwide. Management through the deployment of host resistance genes would be facilitated by understanding the dynamics of the pathogen's population in the field. Here, to investigate the mechanism underlying the breakdown of disease resistance, we conducted a six-year field experiment to monitor the evolution of M. oryzae populations in Qujiang from Guangdong. The new variety of Xin-Yin-Zhan (XYZ) carrying R genes Pi50 and Pib was developed using the susceptible elite variety, Ma-Ba-Yin-Zhan (MBYZ), as the recurrent line. Field trials of disease resistance assessment revealed that the disease indices of XYZ in 2012, 2013, 2016, and 2017 were 0.19, 0.39, 0.70, and 0.90, respectively, indicating that XYZ displayed a very rapid increase of disease severity in the field. To investigate the mechanism underlying the quick erosion of resistance of XYZ, we collected isolates from both XYZ and MBYZ for pathogenicity testing against six different isogenic lines. The isolates collected from XYZ showed a similar virulence spectrum across four different years whereas those from MBYZ showed increasing virulence to the Pi50 and Pib isogenic lines from 2012 to 2017. Molecular analysis of AvrPib in the isolates from MBYZ identified four different AvrPib haplotypes, i.e., AvrPib-AP1-1, AvrPib-AP1-2, avrPib-AP2, and avrPib-AP3, verified by sequencing. AvrPib-AP1-1 and AvrPib-AP1-2 are avirulent to Pib whereas avrPib-AP2 and avrPib-AP3 are virulent. Insertions of a Pot3 and an Mg-SINE were identified in avrPib-AP2 and avrPib-AP3, respectively. Two major lineages based on rep-PCR analysis were further deduced in the field population, implying that the field population is composed of genetically related isolates. Our data suggest that clonal propagation and quick dominance of virulent isolates against the previously resistant variety could be the major genetic events contributing to the loss of varietal resistance against rice blast in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jing Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Kailing Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jianyuan Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Shen Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Congying Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Aiqing Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zonghua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Ocean Science, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Guo-Dong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
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11
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Khanna A, Ellur RK, Gopala Krishnan S, Vinod KK, Bhowmick PK, Nagarajan M, Haritha B, Singh AK. Utilizing Host-Plant Resistance to Circumvent Blast Disease in Rice. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-60585-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Advances in Genetics and Genomics for Management of Blast Disease in Cereal Crops. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-60585-8_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Sharma SK, Sharma D, Meena RP, Yadav MK, Hosahatti R, Dubey AK, Sharma P, Kumar S, Pramesh D, Nabi SU, Bhuvaneshwari S, Anand YR, Dubey SK, Singh TS. Recent Insights in Rice Blast Disease Resistance. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-60585-8_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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14
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Yang D, Li S, Lu L, Fang J, Wang W, Cui H, Tang D. Identification and application of the Pigm-1 gene in rice disease resistance breeding. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2020; 22:1022-1029. [PMID: 32777117 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rice blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the most destructive diseases of rice worldwide. The identification and utilization of resistance genes are crucial and significant for breeding resistant rice cultivars. We identified a resistance gene from Shuangkang77009, which is highly resistant to the rice blast isolate Guy11 using map-based cloning. We performed bulked segregant analysis combined with specific length amplified fragment sequencing. We also performed association analysis, candidate gene prediction and cDNA sequencing to identify the candidate gene. The resistance gene is located on chromosome 6, and we ultimately mapped the resistance locus to a 92-kb region. The resistance gene in Shuangkang77009 was allelic to PigmR, hereafter referred to as Pigm-1. The Pigm-1 protein had one amino acid change: serine (Ser) residue 860 was replaced by tyrosine (Tyr) in Pigm-1 compared with the previously identified Pigm protein, which significantly changed the structure of the Pigm-1 protein based on 3-D structure simulation. In addition, using the developed molecular marker linked to the Pigm-1 gene and molecular marker-assisted selection technology, we introduced the Pigm-1 gene into Minghui86, a widely used and excellent restorer. We generated 11 stable homozygous rice lines with desirable agronomic traits and strong resistance to rice blast. In conclusion, Pigm-1, a natural allelic variant of PigmR, was responsible for blast resistance in Shuangkang77009 rice. The molecular marker-assisted breeding strategy for Pigm-1 was highly efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350019, China
| | - S Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - L Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - J Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - W Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - H Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - D Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
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15
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Volante A, Tondelli A, Desiderio F, Abbruscato P, Menin B, Biselli C, Casella L, Singh N, McCouch SR, Tharreau D, Zampieri E, Cattivelli L, Valè G. Genome wide association studies for japonica rice resistance to blast in field and controlled conditions. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 13:71. [PMID: 33030605 PMCID: PMC7544789 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-020-00431-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice blast, caused by the fungus Pyricularia oryzae, represents the most damaging fungal disease of rice worldwide. Utilization of rice resistant cultivars represents a practical way to control the disease. Most of the rice varieties cultivated in Europe and several other temperate regions are severely depleted of blast resistance genes, making the identification of resistant sources in genetic background adapted to temperate environments a priority. Given these assumptions, a Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) for rice blast resistance was undertaken using a panel of 311 temperate/tropical japonica and indica accessions adapted to temperate conditions and genotyped with 37,423 SNP markers. The panel was evaluated for blast resistance in field, under the pressure of the natural blast population, and in growth chamber, using a mixture of three different fungal strains. RESULTS The parallel screening identified 11 accessions showing high levels of resistance in the two conditions, representing potential donors of resistance sources harbored in rice genotypes adapted to temperate conditions. A general higher resistance level was observed in tropical japonica and indica with respect to temperate japonica varieties. The GWAS identified 14 Marker-Traits Associations (MTAs), 8 of which discovered under field conditions and 6 under growth chamber screening. Three MTAs were identified in both conditions; five MTAs were specifically detected under field conditions while three for the growth chamber inoculation. Comparative analysis of physical/genetic positions of the MTAs showed that most of them were positionally-related with cloned or mapped blast resistance genes or with candidate genes whose functions were compatible for conferring pathogen resistance. However, for three MTAs, indicated as BRF10, BRF11-2 and BRGC11-3, no obvious candidate genes or positional relationships with blast resistance QTLs were identified, raising the possibility that they represent new sources of blast resistance. CONCLUSIONS We identified 14 MTAs for blast resistance using both field and growth chamber screenings. A total of 11 accessions showing high levels of resistance in both conditions were discovered. Combinations of loci conferring blast resistance were identified in rice accessions adapted to temperate conditions, thus allowing the genetic dissection of affordable resistances present in the panel. The obtained information will provide useful bases for both resistance breeding and further characterization of the highlighted resistance loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Volante
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, s.s. 11 to Torino, km 2.5, 13100, Vercelli, Italy.
- Present Address: CREA Research Centre for Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Corso Inglesi 508, 18038, Sanremo, IM, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Tondelli
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, via S. Protaso 302, 29017, Fiorenzuola d'Arda, PC, Italy
| | - Francesca Desiderio
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, via S. Protaso 302, 29017, Fiorenzuola d'Arda, PC, Italy
| | - Pamela Abbruscato
- PTP Science Park, Rice Genomics Unit, via Einstein, 26900, Lodi, Italy
| | - Barbara Menin
- PTP Science Park, Rice Genomics Unit, via Einstein, 26900, Lodi, Italy
- Centre for Sustainable Future Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Livorno 60, 10144, Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Biselli
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, via S. Protaso 302, 29017, Fiorenzuola d'Arda, PC, Italy
| | - Laura Casella
- SA.PI.SE. Coop. Agricola, via G. Mameli 7, 13100, Vercelli, Italy
| | - Namrata Singh
- School of Integrative Plant Sciences, Plant Breeding and Genetics section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14850, USA
| | - Susan R McCouch
- School of Integrative Plant Sciences, Plant Breeding and Genetics section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14850, USA
| | - Didier Tharreau
- UMR BGPI, CIRAD, TA A54/K, F 34398, Montpellier, France
- BGPI, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Elisa Zampieri
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, s.s. 11 to Torino, km 2.5, 13100, Vercelli, Italy
- Present Address: Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council, Turin, Italy
| | - Luigi Cattivelli
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, via S. Protaso 302, 29017, Fiorenzuola d'Arda, PC, Italy
| | - Giampiero Valè
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, s.s. 11 to Torino, km 2.5, 13100, Vercelli, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Complesso Universitario S. Giuseppe, University of Piemonte Orientale, Piazza S. Eusebio 5, 13100, Vercelli, Italy.
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16
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Dong L, Liu S, Kyaing MS, Xu P, Tharreau D, Deng W, Li X, Bi Y, Zeng L, Li J, Zhou J, Tao D, Yang Q. Identification and Fine Mapping of Pi69(t), a New Gene Conferring Broad-Spectrum Resistance Against Magnaporthe oryzae From Oryza glaberrima Steud. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1190. [PMID: 32849738 PMCID: PMC7426465 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The discovery and deployment of new broad-spectrum resistance (R) genes from cultivated rice and its wild relatives is a strategy to broaden the genetic basis of modern rice cultivars to combat rice blast disease. Oryza glaberrima possessing many valuable traits for tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses, is an elite gene pool for improvement of Asian cultivated rice. An introgression line IL106 derived from O. glaberrima (Acc. IRGC100137) confers complete resistance to Magnaporthe oryzae in blast nursery. Genetic analysis using 2185 BC6F2 progenies derived from a cross between IL106 and the recurrent parent Dianjingyou 1 showed that IL106 harbors a single dominant resistance gene against M. oryzae strain 09BSH-10-5A. This gene was preliminarily mapped on the long arm of chromosome 6 of rice in a region of ca. 0.9 cM delimited by two SSR markers (RM20650 and RM20701). In order to finely map this gene, 17,100 additional progenies were further analyzed. As a result, this gene was further narrowed down to a region flanked by two molecular markers STS69-15 and STS69-7, and co-segregated with 3 molecular markers, RM20676, STS69-21 and STS69-22 on the long arm of chromosome 6. Based on reference genome sequences, this R gene was mapped in silico in 76.1-Kb and 67.7-Kb physical intervals, and containing 4 and 3 NBS-LRR candidate genes in O. sativa cultivar Nipponbare and O. glaberrima cultivar CG14, respectively. Because no blast resistance gene was finely mapped in this physical interval before, this R gene was considered as not described yet and designated as Pi69(t), which is the first identified and finely mapped blast R gene from O. glaberrima, as far as we know. Evaluation of IL106 with 151 blast strains collected from 6 countries in Asia showed that 148 strains are avirulent on IL106, suggesting that Pi69(t) is a broad-spectrum blast R gene, and a promising resistant resource for improvement of Asian cultivated rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Dong
- Agricultural Environment and Resources Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Shufang Liu
- Agricultural Environment and Resources Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - May Sandar Kyaing
- Agricultural Environment and Resources Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
- Biotechnology Research Department, Ministry of Education, Mandalay, Myanmar
| | - Peng Xu
- Food Crops Research Institute/Yunnan Key Laboratory for Rice Genetic Improvement, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Kunming, China
| | - Didier Tharreau
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), UMR BGPI, TA A 54 K, Montpellier, France
- BGPI, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier, SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Wei Deng
- Food Crops Research Institute/Yunnan Key Laboratory for Rice Genetic Improvement, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Xundong Li
- Agricultural Environment and Resources Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Yunqing Bi
- Agricultural Environment and Resources Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Li Zeng
- Agricultural Environment and Resources Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jing Li
- Food Crops Research Institute/Yunnan Key Laboratory for Rice Genetic Improvement, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jiawu Zhou
- Food Crops Research Institute/Yunnan Key Laboratory for Rice Genetic Improvement, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Dayun Tao
- Food Crops Research Institute/Yunnan Key Laboratory for Rice Genetic Improvement, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Qinzhong Yang
- Agricultural Environment and Resources Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
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17
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Jiang H, Feng Y, Qiu L, Gao G, Zhang Q, He Y. Identification of Blast Resistance QTLs Based on Two Advanced Backcross Populations in Rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 13:31. [PMID: 32488495 PMCID: PMC7266886 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-020-00392-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice blast is an economically important and mutable disease of rice. Using host resistance gene to breed resistant varieties has been proven to be the most effective and economical method to control rice blast and new resistance genes or quantitative trait loci (QTLs) are then needed. RESULTS In this study, we constructed two advanced backcross population to mapping blast resistance QTLs. CR071 and QingGuAi3 were as the donor parent to establish two BC3F1 and derived BC3F2 backcross population in the Jin23B background. By challenging the two populations with natural infection in 2011 and 2012, 16 and 13 blast resistance QTLs were identified in Jin23B/CR071 and Jin23B/QingGuAi3 population, respectively. Among Jin23B/CR071 population, 3 major and 13 minor QTLs have explained the phenotypic variation from 3.50% to 34.08% in 2 years. And, among Jin23B/QingGuAi3 population, 2 major and 11 minor QTLs have explained the phenotypic variation from 2.42% to 28.95% in 2 years. CONCLUSIONS Sixteen and thirteen blast resistance QTLs were identified in Jin23B/CR071 and Jin23B/QingGuAi3 population, respectively. QTL effect analyses suggested that major and minor QTLs interaction is the genetic basis for durable blast resistance in rice variety CR071 and QingGuAi3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichao Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yutao Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lei Qiu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Guanjun Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qinglu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yuqing He
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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18
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Singh J, Gupta SK, Devanna BN, Singh S, Upadhyay A, Sharma TR. Blast resistance gene Pi54 over-expressed in rice to understand its cellular and sub-cellular localization and response to different pathogens. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5243. [PMID: 32251298 PMCID: PMC7090074 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59027-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice blast resistance gene, Pi54 provides broad-spectrum resistance against different strains of Magnaporthe oryzae. Understanding the cellular localization of Pi54 protein is an essential step towards deciphering its place of interaction with the cognate Avr-gene. In this study, we investigated the sub-cellular localization of Pi54 with Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) as a molecular tag through transient and stable expression in onion epidermal cells (Allium cepa) and susceptible japonica cultivar rice Taipei 309 (TP309), respectively. Confocal microscopy based observations of the onion epidermal cells revealed nucleus and cytoplasm specific GFP signals. In the stable transformed rice plants, GFP signal was recorded in the stomata, upper epidermal cells, mesophyll cells, vascular bundle, and walls of bundle sheath and bulliform cells of leaf tissues. These observations were further confirmed by Immunocytochemical studies. Using GFP specific antibodies, it was found that there was sufficient aggregation of GFP::Pi54protein in the cytoplasm of the leaf mesophyll cells and periphery of the epidermal cells. Interestingly, the transgenic lines developed in this study could show a moderate level of resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae and Rhizoctonia solani, the causal agents of the rice bacterial blight and sheath blight diseases, respectively. This study is a first detailed report, which emphasizes the cellular and subcellular distribution of the broad spectrum blast resistance gene Pi54 in rice and the impact of its constitutive expression towards resistance against other fungal and bacterial pathogens of rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Singh
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.,Hislop College, R.T.M Nagpur University, Nagpur, India
| | | | - B N Devanna
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.,ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Sunil Singh
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Tilak R Sharma
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. .,National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, Punjab, India.
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19
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Meng X, Xiao G, Telebanco-Yanoria MJ, Siazon PM, Padilla J, Opulencia R, Bigirimana J, Habarugira G, Wu J, Li M, Wang B, Lu GD, Zhou B. The broad-spectrum rice blast resistance (R) gene Pita2 encodes a novel R protein unique from Pita. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 13:19. [PMID: 32170462 PMCID: PMC7070119 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-020-00377-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice blast is generally considered the most devastating rice disease worldwide. The development of resistant varieties has been proven to be the most economical strategy to control the disease. A cluster of resistant (R) genes on rice chromosome 12 including Pita, Pita2 and Ptr has been studies for decades. However, the relationship between these R genes has not been well established. RESULTS In this study, we compared the resistance spectra controlled by Pita2 and Pita by testing their monogenic lines (MLs) in four hotspots found in the Philippines and Burundi from 2014 to 2018. The reaction patterns were distinct in two countries and that Pita2-mediated field resistance was relatively prevalent. Pathogenicity tests using 328 single-spore isolates in greenhouse further verified that IRBLta2-Re for Pita2 conferred a relatively broader spectrum resistance than those of Pita. Rough and fine mapping of Pita2 were conducted using F2 and F3 populations derived from IRBLta2-Re [CO] and CO 39 consisting of 4344 progeny to delimit Pita2 in a genomic interval flanked by two markers 12 g18530 and 12 g18920 proximal to the centromere of chromosome 12. Alignment of the markers to the genomic sequence of IR64, which harbors Pita2 verified by genetic analysis, approximately delimited the candidate gene(s) within 313-kb genomic fragment. The two Pita2 suppressive mutants that contain mutations within Pita2 were verified and identified. Comparative sequence analysis in these two mutants further identified that each individual allele contains a single nucleotide substitution at a different position resulting in nonsense and missense mutations in the protein product of LOC_Os12g18729. On the contrary, no sequence mutation was detected in other candidate genes, indicating that mutations in LOC_Os12g18729 were responsible for the loss of function of Pita2. Pita2 encodes a novel R protein unique from Pita, which is exactly identical to the previously cloned Ptr. Moreover, based on the resistance gene analysis of rice varieties and mutants containing Pita, it was found that Pita2 rather than Pita was responsible for the specificity to some differential isolates with AvrPita. The diagnosis and survey of Pita2 in IRRI released varieties showed relatively low frequency, implying a high value of its application for breeding resistant varieties against rice blast via marker assisted selection. CONCLUSION Our study clarified the relationship between Pita, Pita2 and Ptr. Pita2 is identical to Ptr and distinct from Pita in both sequence and chromosomal location although Pita2 and Pita are genetically linked to each other. The loss of function of Pita2 but not Pita eliminate the specificity to some AvrPita containing isolates, however, the mechanism underlying the recognition between Pita2/Pita and AvrPita remains elusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, 350002, China
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), DAPO Box 7777, 1301, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Gui Xiao
- China National Hybrid Rice R&D Center/ Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China
| | | | - Paolo Miguel Siazon
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), DAPO Box 7777, 1301, Metro Manila, Philippines
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Jonas Padilla
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), DAPO Box 7777, 1301, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Rina Opulencia
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Joseph Bigirimana
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), DAPO Box 7777, 1301, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Georges Habarugira
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), DAPO Box 7777, 1301, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Jun Wu
- China National Hybrid Rice R&D Center/ Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Mingyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Baohua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Guo-Dong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| | - Bo Zhou
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), DAPO Box 7777, 1301, Metro Manila, Philippines.
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20
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Xiao G, Yang J, Zhu X, Wu J, Zhou B. Prevalence of Ineffective Haplotypes at the Rice Blast Resistance (R) Gene Loci in Chinese Elite Hybrid Rice Varieties Revealed by Sequence-Based Molecular Diagnosis. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 13:6. [PMID: 32002696 PMCID: PMC6990218 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-020-0367-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Multiple haplotypes at the same rice blast R-gene locus share extremely high sequence similarity, which makes the gene diagnostic method using molecular markers less effective in differentiation from one another. The composition and distribution pattern of deployed R genes/haplotypes in elite rice varieties has not been extensively analyzed. In this study, we employed PCR amplification and sequencing approach for the diagnosis of R-gene haplotypes in 54 Chinese elite rice varieties. A varied number of functional and nonfunctional haplotypes of 4 target major R-gene loci, i.e., Pi2/9, Pi5, Pik, and Pib, were deduced by referring to the reference sequences of known R genes. Functional haplotypes accounted for relatively low frequencies for the Pi2/9 (15%) and Pik (9%) loci but for relatively high frequencies for the Pi5 (50%) and Pib (54%) loci. Intriguingly, significant frequencies of 33%, 39%, 46% of non-functional haplotypes at the Pi2/9, Pik, and Pib loci, respectively, with traceable original donors were identified, suggesting that they were most likely unintentionally spread by using undesirable donors in various breeding programs. In the case of Pi5 locus, only a single haplotype, i.e., Pi5 was identified. The reactions of 54 rice varieties to the differential isolates were evaluated, which showed a good correlation to the frequency of cognate avirulence (Avr) genes or haplotypes in the differential isolates. Four R genes, i.e., Pi2, Piz-t, Pi50, and Pikm were found to contribute significantly to the resistance of the elite rice varieties. Other two genes, Pi9 and Pikh, which were not utilized in rice varieties, showed promising values in breeding durable resistance due to their high resistance frequencies to the contemporary rice blast population. The sequence-based molecular diagnosis provided a promising approach for the identification and verification of haplotypes in different R-gene loci and effective R genes valuable for breeding durable rice resistance to rice blast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, Hunan China
- International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Jianyuan Yang
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhu
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Bo Zhou
- International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
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21
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Li W, Chern M, Yin J, Wang J, Chen X. Recent advances in broad-spectrum resistance to the rice blast disease. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 50:114-120. [PMID: 31163394 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Blast is arguably the most devastating fungal disease of rice. Systematic studies of this disease have made significant progress and identified many genes. Broad-spectrum resistance is highly preferred in agricultural practice. Here, we focus our discussion on resistance (R) and defense-regulator (DR) genes that confer broad-spectrum resistance to Magnaporthe oryzae, in particular those potentially causing no significant yield penalties. Recent advances show that broad-spectrum resistance can be achieved without significant yield penalties, or even with yield benefits. Cross talks of defense signaling mediated by these genes are present that may allow the host to integrate different anti-fungal factors against M. oryzae infection. We also summarize possible mechanisms underlying broad-spectrum resistance to rice blast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China (In preparation), State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory of Major Crop Diseases & Collaborative Innovation Center for Hybrid Rice in Yangtze River Basin, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University at Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Mawsheng Chern
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Junjie Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China (In preparation), State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory of Major Crop Diseases & Collaborative Innovation Center for Hybrid Rice in Yangtze River Basin, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University at Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China (In preparation), State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory of Major Crop Diseases & Collaborative Innovation Center for Hybrid Rice in Yangtze River Basin, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University at Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Xuewei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China (In preparation), State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory of Major Crop Diseases & Collaborative Innovation Center for Hybrid Rice in Yangtze River Basin, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University at Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
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22
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Jiang H, Li Z, Liu J, Shen Z, Gao G, Zhang Q, He Y. Development and evaluation of improved lines with broad-spectrum resistance to rice blast using nine resistance genes. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 12:29. [PMID: 31062101 PMCID: PMC6502921 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-019-0292-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice blast disease is a major restriction in rice production. That is usually managed using chemical pesticides, which are expensive in terms of cost and environment hazards. Use of blast-resistance genes to develop resistant varieties may therefore be a more economical and environmentally friendly method for effective control. RESULTS In this study, we improved the blast resistance of four sterile lines, Y58S, GuangZhan63S (GZ63), C815S and HD9802S, by introgression of 9 cloned broad-spectrum blast resistance genes Pi37, Pit, Pid3, Pigm, Pi36, Pi5, Pi54, Pikm and Pb1. Through molecular marker-assisted selection and backcross breeding, 31 single-gene derived lines and 20 double-gene combination lines were obtained. When infected naturally, single-gene lines with Pigm or Pid3 showed significantly enhanced resistance during whole growth period relative to their recurrent parent. Single-gene lines with Pi37, Pi5, Pit, Pi36, Pi54 or Pikm showed significantly enhanced resistance in some of the four backgrounds. No obviously enhanced resistance was observed in single-gene line with Pb1 for the whole growth period. Compared with recurrent parents, most of the double-gene lines showed improved resistance. Among these double-gene lines, lines with Pi37/Pid3, Pi5/Pi54, Pi54/Pid3 or Pigm/Pi37, exhibited significantly enhanced resistance and observable additive effects. CONCLUSIONS Two blast resistance genes, Pigm and Pid3, showed significantly enhanced resistance for the whole rice growth period, and six blast resistance genes Pi37, Pi5, Pit, Pi36, Pi54 or Pikm showed significantly enhanced resistance for some of the four backgrounds. Double-gene lines with Pi37/Pid3, Pi5/Pi54, Pi54/Pid3 and Pigm/Pi37 exhibited significantly enhanced resistance and observable additive effects. These lines could be used in rice hybrid and production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichao Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan) and National Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhi Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan) and National Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jia Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan) and National Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhikang Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan) and National Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Guanjun Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan) and National Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qinglu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan) and National Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yuqing He
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan) and National Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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23
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Olukayode T, Quime B, Shen YC, Yanoria MJ, Zhang S, Yang J, Zhu X, Shen WC, von Tiedemann A, Zhou B. Dynamic Insertion of Pot3 in AvrPib Prevailing in a Field Rice Blast Population in the Philippines Led to the High Virulence Frequency Against the Resistance Gene Pib in Rice. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2019; 109:870-877. [PMID: 30501464 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-06-18-0198-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The Magnaporthe oryzae avirulence gene AvrPib is required for the resistance mediated by its cognate resistance gene Pib, which has been intensively used in indica rice breeding programs in many Asian countries. However, the sequence diversity of AvrPib among geographically distinct M. oryzae populations was recently shown to be increasing. Here, we selected a field population consisting of 248 rice blast isolates collected from a disease hotspot in Philippine for the analysis of AvrPib haplotypes and their pathogenicity against Pib. We found that all of the isolates were virulent to Pib and each of them contained an insertion of Pot3 transposon in AvrPib. Moreover, Pot3 insertion was detected in different genomic positions, resulting in three different AvrPib haplotypes, designated avrPib-H1 to H3. We further conducted a genome-wide Pot2 fingerprinting analysis by repetitive element palindromic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and identified seven different lineages out of 47 representative isolates. The isolates belonging to the same lineage often had the same AvrPib haplotype. In contrast, the isolates having the same AvrPib haplotypes did not always belong to the same lineages. Both mating types MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 were identified in the population in Bohol and the latter appeared dominant. On the host side, we found that 32 of 52 released rice varieties in the Philippines contained Pib diagnosed by PCR gene-specific primers and DNA sequencing of gene amplicons, suggesting that it was widely incorporated in different rice varieties. Our study highlights the genetic dynamics of rice blast population at both the AvrPib locus and the genome-wide levels, providing insight into the mechanisms of the mutations in AvrPib leading to the breakdown of Pib-mediated resistance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toluwase Olukayode
- 1 Division of Plant Pathology and Crop Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Georg-August University, Grisebachstraße 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
- 2 International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Berlaine Quime
- 2 International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Yin-Chi Shen
- 2 International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
- 3 Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan
| | - Mary Jeannie Yanoria
- 2 International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Suobing Zhang
- 2 International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
- 4 Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; and
| | - Jianyuan Yang
- 5 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhu
- 5 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Wei-Chiang Shen
- 3 Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan
| | - Andreas von Tiedemann
- 1 Division of Plant Pathology and Crop Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Georg-August University, Grisebachstraße 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bo Zhou
- 2 International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
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24
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Yadav MK, Aravindan S, Ngangkham U, Raghu S, Prabhukarthikeyan SR, Keerthana U, Marndi BC, Adak T, Munda S, Deshmukh R, Pramesh D, Samantaray S, Rath PC. Blast resistance in Indian rice landraces: Genetic dissection by gene specific markers. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211061. [PMID: 30673751 PMCID: PMC6343911 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding of genetic diversity is important to explore existing gene in any crop breeding program. Most of the diversity preserved in the landraces which are well–known reservoirs of important traits for biotic and abiotic stresses. In the present study, the genetic diversity at twenty-four most significant blast resistance gene loci using twenty-eight gene specific markers were investigated in landraces originated from nine diverse rice ecologies of India. Based on phenotypic evaluation, landraces were classified into three distinct groups: highly resistant (21), moderately resistant (70) and susceptible (70). The landraces harbour a range of five to nineteen genes representing blast resistance allele with the frequency varied from 4.96% to 100%. The cluster analysis grouped entire 161 landraces into two major groups. Population structure along with other parameters was also analyzed to understand the evolution of blast resistance gene in rice. The population structure analysis and principal coordinate analysis classified the landraces into two sub–populations. Analysis of molecular variance showed maximum (93%) diversity within the population and least (7%) between populations. Five markers viz; K3957, Pikh, Pi2–i, RM212and RM302 were strongly associated with blast disease with the phenotypic variance of 1.4% to 7.6%. These resistant landraces will serve as a valuable genetic resource for future genomic studies, host–pathogen interaction, identification of novel R genes and rice improvement strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S. Aravindan
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Odisha, India
| | | | - S. Raghu
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Odisha, India
| | | | - U. Keerthana
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Odisha, India
| | - B. C. Marndi
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Odisha, India
| | - Totan Adak
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Odisha, India
| | - Susmita Munda
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Odisha, India
| | - Rupesh Deshmukh
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali Punjab, India
| | - D. Pramesh
- Rice Pathology Laboratory, AICRIP, Gangavathi, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, India
| | | | - P. C. Rath
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Odisha, India
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25
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Meng Q, Gupta R, Min CW, Kwon SW, Wang Y, Je BI, Kim YJ, Jeon JS, Agrawal GK, Rakwal R, Kim ST. Proteomics of Rice- Magnaporthe oryzae Interaction: What Have We Learned So Far? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1383. [PMID: 31737011 PMCID: PMC6828948 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Rice blast disease, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the major constraints to rice production, which feeds half of the world's population. Proteomic technologies have been used as effective tools in plant-pathogen interactions to study the biological pathways involved in pathogen infection, plant response, and disease progression. Advancements in mass spectrometry (MS) and apoplastic and plasma membrane protein isolation methods facilitated the identification and quantification of subcellular proteomes during plant-pathogen interaction. Proteomic studies conducted during rice-M. oryzae interaction have led to the identification of several proteins eminently involved in pathogen perception, signal transduction, and the adjustment of metabolism to prevent plant disease. Some of these proteins include receptor-like kinases (RLKs), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and proteins related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling and scavenging, hormone signaling, photosynthesis, secondary metabolism, protein degradation, and other defense responses. Moreover, post-translational modifications (PTMs), such as phosphoproteomics and ubiquitin proteomics, during rice-M. oryzae interaction are also summarized in this review. In essence, proteomic studies carried out to date delineated the molecular mechanisms underlying rice-M. oryzae interactions and provided candidate proteins for the breeding of rice blast resistant cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Meng
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang, South Korea
| | - Ravi Gupta
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang, South Korea
- Department of Botany, School of Chemical and Life Science, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Cheol Woo Min
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang, South Korea
| | - Soon Wook Kwon
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang, South Korea
| | - Yiming Wang
- Department of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max-Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Byoung Il Je
- Department of Horticultural Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang, South Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Jong-Seong Jeon
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Ganesh Kumar Agrawal
- Research Laboratory for Biotechnology and Biochemistry (RLABB), Kathmandu, Nepal
- GRADE (Global Research Arch for Developing Education) Academy Private Limited, Birgunj, Nepal
| | - Randeep Rakwal
- Research Laboratory for Biotechnology and Biochemistry (RLABB), Kathmandu, Nepal
- GRADE (Global Research Arch for Developing Education) Academy Private Limited, Birgunj, Nepal
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Sun Tae Kim
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Sun Tae Kim,
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26
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Lin HA, Chen SY, Chang FY, Tung CW, Chen YC, Shen WC, Chen RS, Wu CW, Chung CL. Genome-wide association study of rice genes and loci conferring resistance to Magnaporthe oryzae isolates from Taiwan. BOTANICAL STUDIES 2018; 59:32. [PMID: 30578469 PMCID: PMC6303224 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-018-0248-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, is an important rice disease occurring in all rice-growing areas. To manage blast disease effectively and in an environmentally friendly way, it is important to continually discover diverse resistant resources for breeding. In this study, genome-wide association study (GWAS) was used to map genes/loci resistant to rice blast in the open-access rice diversity panel 1 (RDP1), previously genotyped with a 44K single-nucleotide polymorphism array. Two geographically and genetically different M. oryzae isolates from Taiwan, D41-2 and 12YL-DL3-2, were used to challenge RDP1. Infected leaves were visually rated for lesion type (LT) and evaluated for proportion of diseased leaf area (%DLA) by image analysis software. RESULTS A total of 32 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified, including 6 from LT, 30 from DLA, and 4 from both LT and DLA. In all, 22 regions co-localized with previously reported resistance (R) genes and/or QTLs, including two cloned R genes, Pita and Ptr; 19 mapped R loci, and 20 QTLs. We identified 100 candidate genes encoding leucine-rich repeat-containing proteins, transcription factors, ubiquitination-related proteins, and peroxidases, among others, in the QTL intervals. Putative resistance and susceptibility haplotypes of the 32 QTL regions for each tested rice accessions were also determined. CONCLUSIONS By using Taiwanese M. oryzae isolates and image-based phenotyping for detailed GWAS, this study offers insights into the genetics underlying the natural variation of blast resistance in RDP1. The results can help facilitate the selection of desirable donors for gene/QTL validation and blast resistance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-An Lin
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617 Taiwan
| | - Szu-Yu Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617 Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yu Chang
- Kaohsiung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, No. 2-6, Dehe Rd., Pingtung County, 90846 Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Tung
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617 Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chia Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617 Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chiang Shen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617 Taiwan
| | - Ruey-Shyang Chen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, No. 300, Syuefu Rd., Chiayi City, 60004 Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wen Wu
- Kaohsiung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, No. 2-6, Dehe Rd., Pingtung County, 90846 Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Chung
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617 Taiwan
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27
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Gene diagnosis and targeted breeding for blast-resistant Kongyu 131 without changing regional adaptability. J Genet Genomics 2018; 45:539-547. [PMID: 30391410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The fungus Magnaporthe oryzae threatens the rice production of Kongyu 131 (KY131), a leading japonica variety in Northeast China. In this study, two rice lines, KP1 and KP2-Hd1, were obtained by introgressing the blast resistance genes Pi1 and Pi2 into KY131, respectively. However, both lines headed later than KY131. RICE60K SNP array analysis showed that Hd1 closely linked to Pi2 was introgressed into KP2-Hd1, and the linkage drag of Hd1 was broken by recombination. On the other hand, no known flowering genes were introgressed into KP1. Gene diagnosis by resequencing six flowering genes showed that KP1 carried functional Hd16 and Ghd8 alleles. Due to its suppression role in heading under long-day conditions, Ghd8 was chosen as the target for gene editing to disrupt its function. Four sgRNAs targeting different sites within Ghd8 were utilized to induce large-deletion mutations, which were easy to detect via agarose gel electrophoresis. All the ghd8-mutated KP1 lines were resistant to rice blast disease and headed earlier than the control KP1, even than KY131, under natural long-day conditions, which ensures its growth in Northeast China. This study confirmed that a combination of gene diagnosis and targeted gene editing is a highly efficient way to quickly eliminate undesired traits in a breeding line.
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28
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Fang WW, Liu CC, Zhang HW, Xu H, Zhou S, Fang KX, Peng YL, Zhao WS. Selection of Differential Isolates of Magnaporthe oryzae for Postulation of Blast Resistance Genes. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2018; 108:878-884. [PMID: 29384446 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-09-17-0333-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
A set of differential isolates of Magnaporthe oryzae is needed for the postulation of blast resistance genes in numerous rice varieties and breeding materials. In this study, the pathotypes of 1,377 M. oryzae isolates from different regions of China were determined by inoculating detached rice leaves of 24 monogenic lines. Among them, 25 isolates were selected as differential isolates based on the following characteristics: they had distinct responses on the monogenic lines, contained the minimum number of avirulence genes, were stable in pathogenicity and conidiation during consecutive culture, were consistent colony growth rate, and, together, could differentiate combinations of the 24 major blast resistance genes. Seedlings of rice cultivars were inoculated with this differential set of isolates to postulate whether they contain 1 or more than 1 of the 24 blast resistance genes. The results were consistent with those from polymerase chain reaction analysis of target resistance genes. Establishment of a standard set of differential isolates will facilitate breeding for blast resistance and improved management of rice blast disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- W W Fang
- First, second, third, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth authors: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; and fourth author: Institute of Plant Protection, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, China
| | - C C Liu
- First, second, third, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth authors: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; and fourth author: Institute of Plant Protection, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, China
| | - H W Zhang
- First, second, third, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth authors: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; and fourth author: Institute of Plant Protection, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, China
| | - H Xu
- First, second, third, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth authors: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; and fourth author: Institute of Plant Protection, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, China
| | - S Zhou
- First, second, third, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth authors: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; and fourth author: Institute of Plant Protection, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, China
| | - K X Fang
- First, second, third, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth authors: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; and fourth author: Institute of Plant Protection, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, China
| | - Y L Peng
- First, second, third, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth authors: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; and fourth author: Institute of Plant Protection, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, China
| | - W S Zhao
- First, second, third, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth authors: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; and fourth author: Institute of Plant Protection, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, China
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Mi J, Yang D, Chen Y, Jiang J, Mou H, Huang J, Ouyang Y, Mou T. Accelerated molecular breeding of a novel P/TGMS line with broad-spectrum resistance to rice blast and bacterial blight in two-line hybrid rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 11:11. [PMID: 29455311 PMCID: PMC5816735 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-018-0203-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breeding two-line hybrid rice with disease resistance is an effective approach to stabilize rice yield in commercial rice production of China. RESULTS We improved the blast and bacterial blight resistance of Guangzhan63-4S, an elite photoperiod- and thermo-sensitive male sterile (P/TGMS) line widely used in two-line hybrid rice, by introducing the R genes Pi2 and Xa7 conferring resistance to rice blast and bacterial blight, respectively. Through the backcrossing and gene pyramiding breeding coupled with molecular marker-assisted selection, a new P/TGMS line Hua1228S carrying Pi2, Xa7, and tms5 was developed. Based on 200,000 SNP markers by next-generation sequencing, Hua1228S covered 87.6% of the recurrent genome, as well as 4.5% of the donor genome from VE6219 and 7.9% from YR7029-39. When infected with seven tested Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae strains, Hua1228S conferred high resistance (0 level) to six bacterial blight strains. Moreover, Hua1228S showed broad-spectrum resistance to rice blast isolates with a high resistance frequency of 90.91%. High levels of resistance to leaf blast and neck blast were observed under heavy disease pressure in natural field. Importantly, Hua1228S showed identical fertility-sterility alteration pattern to Guangzhan63-4S. Thus, two hybrid combinations Hua Liangyou 2821 and Hua Liangyou 284 derived from Hua1228S exhibited enhanced resistance and higher yield compared with the control variety Feng Liangyou 4. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that Hua1228S has tremendous potentiality to increase and stabilize the rice yield, through the introgression of two R genes by marker-assisted selection strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Mi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Dabing Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Yi Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Jiefeng Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Haipeng Mou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Junbin Huang
- College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazshong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Yidan Ouyang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Tongmin Mou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
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Chaipanya C, Telebanco-Yanoria MJ, Quime B, Longya A, Korinsak S, Korinsak S, Toojinda T, Vanavichit A, Jantasuriyarat C, Zhou B. Dissection of broad-spectrum resistance of the Thai rice variety Jao Hom Nin conferred by two resistance genes against rice blast. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 10:18. [PMID: 28493203 PMCID: PMC5425360 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-017-0159-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the most important food crops in the world. Rice blast, caused by the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the most destructive rice diseases worldwide. To effectively cope with this problem, the use of rice blast resistance varieties through innovative breeding programs is the best strategy to date. The Thai rice variety Jao Hom Nin (JHN) showed broad-spectrum resistance against Thai rice blast isolates. Two QTLs for blast resistance in JHN were reported on chromosome 1 (QTL1) and 11 (QTL11). RESULTS Monogenic lines of QTL1 (QTL1-C) and QTL11 (QTL11-C) in the CO39 genetic background were generated. Cluster analysis based on the disease reaction pattern of QTL1-C and QTL11-C, together with IRBLs, showed that those two monogenic lines were clustered with IRBLsh-S (Pish) and IRBL7-M (Pi7), respectively. Moreover, sequence analysis revealed that Pish and Pi7 were embedded within the QTL1 and QTL11 delimited genomic intervals, respectively. This study thus concluded that QTL1 and QTL11 could encode alleles of Pish and Pi7, designated as Pish-J and Pi7-J, respectively. To validate this hypothesis, the genomic regions of Pish-J and Pi7-J were cloned and sequenced. Protein sequence comparison revealed that Pish-J and Pi7-J were identical to Pish and Pi7, respectively. The holistic disease spectrum of JHN was found to be exactly attributed to the additive ones of both QTL1-C and QTL11-C. CONCLUSION JHN showed broad spectrum resistance against Thai and Philippine rice blast isolates. As this study demonstrated, the combination of two resistance genes, Pish-J and Pi7-J, in JHN, with each controlling broad-spectrum resistance to rice blast disease, explains the high level of resistance. Thus, the combination of Pish and Pi7 can provide a practical scheme for breeding durable resistance in rice against rice blast disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaivarakun Chaipanya
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
- Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, 4031, Philippines
| | | | - Berlaine Quime
- Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, 4031, Philippines
| | - Apinya Longya
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Siripar Korinsak
- Rice Gene Discovery Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Siriporn Korinsak
- Rice Gene Discovery Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Theerayut Toojinda
- Plant Biotechnology Research Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Apichart Vanavichit
- Rice Science Center, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand
- Agronomy Department Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand
| | - Chatchawan Jantasuriyarat
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
- Center for Advanced Studies in Tropical Natural Resources, National Research University-Kasetsart University (CASNAR, NRU-KU), Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
| | - Bo Zhou
- Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, 4031, Philippines.
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Xiao G, Borja FN, Mauleon R, Padilla J, Telebanco-Yanoria MJ, Yang J, Lu G, Dionisio-Sese M, Zhou B. Identification of resistant germplasm containing novel resistance genes at or tightly linked to the Pi2/9 locus conferring broad-spectrum resistance against rice blast. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 10:37. [PMID: 28779340 PMCID: PMC5544663 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-017-0176-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rice Pi2/9 locus harbors multiple resistance (R) genes each controlling broad-spectrum resistance against diverse isolates of Magnaporthe oryzae, a fungal pathogen causing devastating blast disease to rice. Identification of more resistance germplasm containing novel R genes at or tightly linked to the Pi2/9 locus would promote breeding of resistance rice cultivars. RESULTS In this study, we aim to identify resistant germplasm containing novel R genes at or tightly linked to the Pi2/9 locus using a molecular marker, designated as Pi2/9-RH (Pi2/9 resistant haplotype), developed from the 5' portion of the Pi2 sequence which was conserved only in the rice lines containing functional Pi2/9 alleles. DNA analysis using Pi2/9-RH identified 24 positive lines in 55 shortlisted landraces which showed resistance to 4 rice blast isolates. Analysis of partial sequences of the full-length cDNAs of Pi2/9 homologues resulted in the clustering of these 24 lines into 5 haplotypes each containing different Pi2/9 homologues which were designated as Pi2/9-A5, -A15, -A42, -A53, and -A54. Interestingly, Pi2/9-A5 and Pi2/9-A54 are identical to Piz-t and Pi2, respectively. To validate the association of other three novel Pi2/9 homologues with the blast resistance, monogenic lines at BC3F3 generation were generated by marker assisted backcrossing (MABC). Resistance assessment of the derived monogenic lines in both the greenhouse and the field hotspot indicated that they all controlled broad-spectrum resistance against rice blast. Moreover, genetic analysis revealed that the blast resistance of these three monogenic lines was co-segregated with Pi2/9-RH, suggesting that the Pi2/9 locus or tightly linked loci could be responsible for the resistance. CONCLUSION The newly developed marker Pi2/9-RH could be used as a potentially diagnostic marker for the quick identification of resistant donors containing functional Pi2/9 alleles or unknown linked R genes. The three new monogenic lines containing the Pi2/9 introgression segment could be used as valuable materials for disease assessment and resistance donors in breeding program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui Xiao
- Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, 4031 Laguna, Philippines
| | - Frances Nikki Borja
- Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Ramil Mauleon
- Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Jonas Padilla
- Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Mary Jeanie Telebanco-Yanoria
- Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Jianxia Yang
- Fujian Agriculture and Forest University, Fuzhou, 350002 China
| | - Guodong Lu
- Fujian Agriculture and Forest University, Fuzhou, 350002 China
| | - Maribel Dionisio-Sese
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, 4031 Laguna, Philippines
| | - Bo Zhou
- Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
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Dong L, Liu S, Xu P, Deng W, Li X, Tharreau D, Li J, Zhou J, Wang Q, Tao D, Yang Q. Fine mapping of Pi57(t) conferring broad spectrum resistance against Magnaporthe oryzae in introgression line IL-E1454 derived from Oryza longistaminata. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186201. [PMID: 29016662 PMCID: PMC5634632 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Wild species of the genus Oryza are excellent gene pools for improvement of agronomic traits of Asian cultivated rice. The blast resistance gene Pi57(t) in the introgression line IL-E1454 derived from Oryza longistaminata was previously mapped on rice chromosome 12. Inoculation with 322 Magnaporthe oryzae isolates collected from 6 countries indicated that Pi57(t) conferred broad spectrum resistance against M. oryzae. Two mapping populations consisting of 29070 and 10375 F2 plants derived from the crosses of resistant donor IL-E1454 with susceptible parents RD23 and Lijiangxintuanheigu respectively, were used for fine mapping of Pi57(t) locus. Based on genotyping and phenotyping results of recombinants screened from the two crosses, Pi57(t) was finally mapped to a 51.7-kb region flanked by two molecular markers (STS57-320 and STS57-372) on the short arm and close to the centromere of chromosome 12. Six candidate resistance genes were predicted in the target region according to the reference sequence of Nipponbare. These results could facilitate both marker-assisted selection for disease-resistant breeding and gene cloning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Dong
- Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shufang Liu
- Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Food Crops Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Food Crops Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xundong Li
- Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Didier Tharreau
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, UMR BGPI, Montpellier, France
| | - Jing Li
- Food Crops Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiawu Zhou
- Food Crops Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Dayun Tao
- Food Crops Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- * E-mail: (DT); (QY)
| | - Qinzhong Yang
- Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- * E-mail: (DT); (QY)
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Wu Y, Chen Y, Pan C, Xiao N, Yu L, Li Y, Zhang X, Pan X, Chen X, Liang C, Dai Z, Li A. Development and Evaluation of Near-Isogenic Lines with Different Blast Resistance Alleles at the Piz Locus in japonica Rice from the Lower Region of the Yangtze River, China. PLANT DISEASE 2017; 101:1283-1291. [PMID: 30682968 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-12-16-1855-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Rice blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, threatens rice production in most of the rice-growing areas in China, especially in regions that have grown Oryza sativa subsp. japonica in recent years. The use of resistance genes is the most effective and economical approach for blast control. In our study, a set of six near-isogenic lines (NIL) were developed by introgression of six resistance alleles of the Piz locus (Pi2, Pigm, Pi40, Pi9, Piz, and Pizt) into a blast-susceptible, high-yielding, high-quality japonica '07GY31' via marker-assisted backcross breeding. Artificial inoculation using 144 M. oryzae isolates collected from the lower region of the Yangtze River, China, revealed that most of the NIL, including NIL-Pi2, NIL-Pigm, NIL-Pi40, NIL-Pi9, and NIL-Pizt, exhibited broad-spectrum resistance against rice blast at the seedling stage, with resistance frequencies (RF) of 93.06 to 98.61%. NIL-Piz was an exception, with an RF of 21.53%, which was slightly higher than the recurrent parent 07GY31. NIL-Pi40 and NIL-Pigm had broad-spectrum resistance (RF of 93.33 and 71.67%, respectively) at the heading stage following inoculation of 60 isolates of M. oryzae. Field trials with artificial inoculation at the seedling and heading stage showed that NIL-Pigm and NIL-Pi40 were highly resistant in four locations under high disease pressure. NIL-Pizt showed effective resistance in three locations from Zhejiang and Jiangsu Provinces. This study shows that O. sativa subsp. japonica alleles of the Piz locus confer resistance to M. oryzae, and provides an effective method to enhance seedling and panicle blast resistance in rice plants in the lower region of the Yangtze River, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyu Wu
- Lixiahe Agricultural Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225009, China; and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Lixiahe Agricultural Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing; and Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Cunhong Pan
- Lixiahe Agricultural Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing
| | - Ning Xiao
- Lixiahe Agricultural Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing
| | - Ling Yu
- Lixiahe Agricultural Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing
| | - Yuhong Li
- Lixiahe Agricultural Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing
| | - Xiaoxiang Zhang
- Lixiahe Agricultural Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing
| | - Xuebiao Pan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou
| | - Xijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou
| | - Chengzhi Liang
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhengyuan Dai
- Lixiahe Agricultural Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225009, China; and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Aihong Li
- Lixiahe Agricultural Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225009, China; and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing 210095, China
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Chen S, Wang WJ, Su J, Wang CY, Feng AQ, Yang JY, Zeng LX, Zhu XY. Rapid identification of rice blast resistance gene by specific length amplified fragment sequencing. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2016.1159528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shen Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-juan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cong-ying Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ai-qing Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-yuan Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lie-xian Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-yuan Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
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Abstract
Abstract
A large number of pathogenic microorganisms cause rice diseases that lead to enormous yield losses worldwide. Such losses are important because rice is a staple food for more than half of the world's population. Over the past two decades, the extensive study of the molecular interactions between rice and the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae and between rice and the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae has made rice a model for investigating plant–microbe interactions of monocotyledons. Impressive progress has been recently achieved in understanding the molecular basis of rice pathogen-associated molecular pattern-immunity and effector-triggered immunity. Here, we briefly summarize these recent advances, emphasizing the diverse functions of the structurally conserved fungal effectors, the regulatory mechanisms of the immune receptor complexes, and the novel strategies for breeding disease resistance. We also discuss future research challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wende Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guo-Liang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Divya D, Singh YT, Nair S, Bentur JS. Analysis of SSH library of rice variety Aganni reveals candidate gall midge resistance genes. Funct Integr Genomics 2016; 16:153-69. [DOI: 10.1007/s10142-016-0474-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Xiao N, Wu Y, Pan C, Yu L, Chen Y, Liu G, Li Y, Zhang X, Wang Z, Dai Z, Liang C, Li A. Improving of Rice Blast Resistances in Japonica by Pyramiding Major R Genes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1918. [PMID: 28096805 PMCID: PMC5206849 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Rice blast, caused by the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae, is a major constraint to rice production worldwide. In this study, we developed monogenic near-isogenic lines (NILs) NIL Pi9, NIL Pizt , and NIL Pi54 carrying genes Pi9, Pizt, and Pi54, respectively, by marker assisted backcross breeding using 07GY31 as the japonica genetic background with good agronomic traits. Polygene pyramid lines (PPLs) PPL Pi9+Pi54 combining Pi9 with Pi54, and PPL Pizt+Pi54 combining Pizt with Pi54 were then developed using corresponding NILs with genetic background recovery rates of more than 97%. Compared to 07GY31, the above NILs and PPLs exhibited significantly enhanced resistance frequencies (RFs) for both leaf and panicle blasts. RFs of both PPLs for leaf blast were somewhat higher than those of their own parental NILs, respectively, and PPL Pizt+Pi54 exhibited higher RF for panicle blast than NIL Pizt and NIL Pi54 (P < 0.001), hinting an additive effect on the resistance. However, PPL Pi9+Pi54 exhibited lower RF for panicle blast than NIL Pi9 (P < 0.001), failing to realize an additive effect. PPL Pizt+Pi54 showed higher resistant level for panicle blast and better additive effects on the resistance than PPL Pi9+Pi54. It was suggested that major R genes interacted with each other in a way more complex than additive effect in determining panicle blast resistance levels. Genotyping by sequencing analysis and extreme-phenotype genome-wide association study further confirmed the above results. Moreover, data showed that pyramiding multiple resistance genes did not affect the performance of basic agronomic traits. So the way to enhance levels of leaf and panicle blast resistances for rice breeding in this study is effective and may serve as a reference for breeders. Key Message: Resistant levels of rice blast is resulted from different combinations of major R genes, PPL Pizt+Pi54 showed higher resistant level and better additive effects on the panicle blast resistance than PPL Pi9+Pi54.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xiao
- Lixiahe Agricultural Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou – Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing – Institute of Jiangsu Province National Rice Industry Technology System of Yangzhou Comprehensive Experimental StationYangzhou, China
| | - Yunyu Wu
- Lixiahe Agricultural Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou – Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing – Institute of Jiangsu Province National Rice Industry Technology System of Yangzhou Comprehensive Experimental StationYangzhou, China
| | - Cunhong Pan
- Lixiahe Agricultural Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou – Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing – Institute of Jiangsu Province National Rice Industry Technology System of Yangzhou Comprehensive Experimental StationYangzhou, China
| | - Ling Yu
- Lixiahe Agricultural Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou – Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing – Institute of Jiangsu Province National Rice Industry Technology System of Yangzhou Comprehensive Experimental StationYangzhou, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Lixiahe Agricultural Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou – Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing – Institute of Jiangsu Province National Rice Industry Technology System of Yangzhou Comprehensive Experimental StationYangzhou, China
| | - Guangqing Liu
- Lixiahe Agricultural Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou – Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing – Institute of Jiangsu Province National Rice Industry Technology System of Yangzhou Comprehensive Experimental StationYangzhou, China
| | - Yuhong Li
- Lixiahe Agricultural Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou – Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing – Institute of Jiangsu Province National Rice Industry Technology System of Yangzhou Comprehensive Experimental StationYangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Zhang
- Lixiahe Agricultural Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou – Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing – Institute of Jiangsu Province National Rice Industry Technology System of Yangzhou Comprehensive Experimental StationYangzhou, China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Lixiahe Agricultural Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou – Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing – Institute of Jiangsu Province National Rice Industry Technology System of Yangzhou Comprehensive Experimental StationYangzhou, China
| | - Zhengyuan Dai
- Lixiahe Agricultural Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou – Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing – Institute of Jiangsu Province National Rice Industry Technology System of Yangzhou Comprehensive Experimental StationYangzhou, China
| | - Chengzhi Liang
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
- *Correspondence: Aihong Li, Chengzhi Liang,
| | - Aihong Li
- Lixiahe Agricultural Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou – Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing – Institute of Jiangsu Province National Rice Industry Technology System of Yangzhou Comprehensive Experimental StationYangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Aihong Li, Chengzhi Liang,
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