1
|
Badia M, Pérez B, Orgaz BM, Gómez-Vela M. Leisure education in youth with developmental disabilities: Effects on individual quality of life, adaptive behavior, and family quality of life. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES : JOID 2024; 28:326-342. [PMID: 37036782 DOI: 10.1177/17446295231168442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Leisure participation enhances the learning of adaptive skills and the quality of life in youth with developmental disabilities. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of a leisure education program in individuals with developmental disabilities in terms of adaptive behavior and quality of life. Nine participants divided into two small groups and their families were included. A quasi-experimental design was employed to determine whether there was a program effect. The Adaptive Behavior Assessment System, the KIDSCREEN-27, and the Family Quality of Life Scale were administered before and after the intervention. There was a significant increase in social, home, and school skills as well as a better perception of quality of life in relationships with parents, social support, and school. In addition, the program affected the family's perception of practical and emotional support. Findings provide support for the application of this leisure program to enhance quality of life outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Badia
- INICO, Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, Faculty of Psychology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Begoña M Orgaz
- INICO, Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, Faculty of Psychology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Gómez-Vela
- INICO, Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, Faculty of Psychology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cheah KJ, Riches V, Manokara V. Impact on persons with disabilities and their families when they are contributors to society through volunteerism and employment. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2024; 37:e13172. [PMID: 38057260 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite various government initiatives, people with disabilities all over the world face some degree of hindrance when they try to contribute to society. AIM This project sought to give voice to and understand the perceptions and experiences of persons with disabilities in Singapore when contributing to society through volunteerism and employment and to explore solutions to help access and retain employment and volunteering. METHOD AND PROCEDURE This small qualitative study recruited three convenience samples of people with disabilities aged 18-49 years old who met criteria for daily activity over the previous 12 months. Participant recruitment was limited due to the Covid pandemic lockdown. Ten individuals had maintained open employment, six had worked as a volunteer and four were neither working nor volunteering. All 20 participants were briefed online on the use of the photovoice technique. Interviews were then conducted online, beginning with a 5-min demographic survey. Approximately hour long semi-structured interviews followed. Eleven participants used photovoice but nine who were working or volunteering did not as they were unable to take photos in their workplace. Several individuals were supported during the interview by a caregiver or staff member for example a job coach. FINDINGS Themes were identified within the four central areas of enquiry: (i) self-perceptions of being a beneficiary or contributor to society; (ii) the benefits to working and volunteering; (iii) enablers and barriers to working and volunteering and (iv) solutions to access and retain employment and volunteering. Several barriers to use of photovoice were encountered. The importance of inclusive and conducive environments was recognised along with the roles of all stakeholders across the ecosystem. CONCLUSION Employment and volunteering can significantly impact quality of life for persons with disabilities and their families and benefit the society. Collaboration among all stakeholders is required to better address solutions and improve desired employment and volunteer outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly J Cheah
- Movement for the Intellectually Disabled Singapore (MINDS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vivienne Riches
- Centre for Disability Studies, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vimallan Manokara
- Movement for the Intellectually Disabled Singapore (MINDS), Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Van Riper M, Cosgrove B, Fleming L. Adaptation at the Family Level in Families of Individuals With Down Syndrome: A Scoping Review. JOURNAL OF FAMILY NURSING 2023; 29:324-347. [PMID: 37066798 PMCID: PMC10629249 DOI: 10.1177/10748407231163236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is a chromosomal disorder associated with intellectual and physical disabilities and has historically been viewed by health care providers through a negative lens when considering the effect the condition has on the individual, family, and community. The purpose of this scoping review was to provide an overview of recent research concerning adaptation in families of individuals with DS with a focus on family adaptation rather than individual or dyadic adaptation. Three literature indexes were searched from 2017 to 2022, with 41 articles included. Foci of the studies included strength/resilience, stress/coping, and negative/challenge. Thirteen studies reported using a family framework. Multiple methodological approaches and family measures were used in the studies and are outlined. Findings from this review show there has been a shift in focus when researching families of individuals with DS from a negative and challenging experience to one of strength and resilience.
Collapse
|
4
|
del Hoyo Soriano L, Villarreal JC, Sterling A, Edgin J, Berry-Kravis E, Hamilton DR, Thurman AJ, Abbeduto L. The association between expressive language skills and adaptive behavior in individuals with Down syndrome. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20014. [PMID: 36411304 PMCID: PMC9678860 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24478-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary goal of this study was to determine whether expressive language skills contribute to adaptive behavior (e.g., socialization and daily living skills) in children, adolescents, and young adults with Down syndrome (DS) whilst controlling for age and nonverbal cognitive ability. Expressive language was assessed using the psychometrically validated Expressive Language Sampling (ELS) conversation and narration procedures. The language produced was transcribed and analyzed to yield measures of expressive vocabulary, syntax, and intelligibility. Socialization and daily living skills of participants with DS were measured with the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, 2nd edition (VABS-2) parent/caregiver rating form. Our results show that the three ELS measures were significantly correlated with multiple measures from the VABS-2 when controlling for age. Several correlations remained significant even when nonverbal cognitive ability was included as a control variable. Our results suggest that expressive language skills contribute to adaptive behavior in children, adolescents, and young adults with DS regardless of age and some of these associations are not explained solely by overall cognitive delays. Further studies including longitudinal data are needed to extend our results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura del Hoyo Soriano
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684MIND Institute, University of California Davis, 2825 50Th Street, Sacramento, CA USA ,grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Davis Health, University of California, Sacramento, CA USA
| | - Jennifer Catalina Villarreal
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684MIND Institute, University of California Davis, 2825 50Th Street, Sacramento, CA USA ,grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Davis Health, University of California, Sacramento, CA USA
| | - Audra Sterling
- grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Waisman Center and Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - Jamie Edgin
- grid.134563.60000 0001 2168 186XDepartment of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA
| | - Elizabeth Berry-Kravis
- grid.240684.c0000 0001 0705 3621Departments of Pediatrics, Neurological Sciences and Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Debra R. Hamilton
- grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Angela John Thurman
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684MIND Institute, University of California Davis, 2825 50Th Street, Sacramento, CA USA ,grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Davis Health, University of California, Sacramento, CA USA
| | - Leonard Abbeduto
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684MIND Institute, University of California Davis, 2825 50Th Street, Sacramento, CA USA ,grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Davis Health, University of California, Sacramento, CA USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Borilli MC, Germano CMR, de Avó LRDS, Pilotto RF, Melo DG. Family quality of life among families who have children with mild intellectual disability associated with mild autism spectrum disorder. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2022; 80:360-367. [PMID: 35293554 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2020-0537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are often concomitant childhood developmental disorders. These disorders can alter family quality of life (FQoL). OBJECTIVE To investigate FQoL among families who have children with mild ID, associated with mild ASD. METHODS Cross-sectional descriptive study with 69 families who have children with mild ID and ASD, ranging from six to 16 years old, and who were provided with disability-related services in Brazil. Data were collected using a family sociodemographic questionnaire, an ID and ASD personal profile form, the Barthel index for activities of daily living and the Beach Center FQoL scale. RESULTS People with ID and ASD had an average score of 88.2±11.5 in the Barthel index, thus indicating moderate dependency in basic activities of daily living. The average total FQoL score (3.56±0.34) was lower than the scores for the "family interaction" (3.91±0.42; p<0.001), "parenting" (3.79±0.35; p<0.001) and "disability-related support" (3.98±0.16; p<0.001) domains; and higher than the scores for the "physical/material well-being" (3.19±0.64; p<0.001) and "emotional wellbeing" (2.75±0.62; p<0.001) domains. Parents' marital condition, monthly family income, family religious practice and effective communication skills among the people with ID and ASD were predictors for FQoL (R2=0.407; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS FQoL was sustained through factors such as family interaction and parents' care for their children. Improving families' emotional wellbeing and physical and material conditions is likely to positively affect the FQoL of these families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Carla Maria Ramos Germano
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, São Carlos SP, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Medicina, São Carlos SP, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica Populacional, Porto Alegre RS, Brazil
| | - Lucimar Retto da Silva de Avó
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Medicina, São Carlos SP, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica Populacional, Porto Alegre RS, Brazil
| | | | - Débora Gusmão Melo
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, São Carlos SP, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Medicina, São Carlos SP, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica Populacional, Porto Alegre RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Luitwieler N, Luijkx J, Salavati M, Van der Schans CP, Van der Putten AJ, Waninge A. Variables related to the quality of life of families that have a child with severe to profound intellectual disabilities: A systematic review. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07372. [PMID: 34401546 PMCID: PMC8353312 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Family quality of life (FQoL) of families that have a child with severe to profound intellectual disabilities (SPID) is an important and emerging concept, however, related variables are inconclusive. Aim To gain a better understanding of variables related to the FQoL of families that have a child with SPID, variables related to the FQoL of families that have a child with intellectual disabilities (ID) were systematically reviewed. Methods and procedures A search strategy was performed in five databases. Critical appraisal tools were employed to evaluate the quality of both quantitative and qualitative studies. Data extraction and synthesis occurred to establish general study characteristics, variables, and theoretical concepts. Variables were categorised into four key concepts of the FQoL: systemic concepts, performance concepts, family-unit concepts and individual-member concepts. Outcomes and results A total of 40 studies were retrieved with 98 variables. Quality scores ranged from 7 to 13 (quantitative) and 5 to 13 (qualitative) out of 13 and 14 points, respectively. Five out of the 40 studies (13%) focused on individuals with SPID. Variables related positively or negatively to the FQoL, and were categorised within systemic concepts (n = 3); performance concepts (n = 11); family-unit concepts (n = 26); and individual-member concepts (n = 58). Conclusions and implications Several variables were found to be (inter)related to the FQoL of families that have a child with ID. A contrasting picture emerged regarding the impact of a disability in relation to transitional phases. However, studies which include families of children with SPID were minimal, therefore, it remained ambiguous to what extent the identified variables apply to these families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Luitwieler
- Research Group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - J Luijkx
- Department of Special Needs Education and Youth Care, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - M Salavati
- Royal Dutch Visio, Center of Expertise for Blind and Visually Impaired People, Haren, the Netherlands
| | - C P Van der Schans
- Research Group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - A J Van der Putten
- Department of Special Needs Education and Youth Care, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - A Waninge
- Research Group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Royal Dutch Visio, Center of Expertise for Blind and Visually Impaired People, Haren, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Van Riper M, Knafl GJ, Barbieri-Figueiredo MDC, Caples M, Choi H, de Graaf G, Duarte ED, Honda J, Marta E, Phetrasuwan S, Alfieri S, Angelo M, Deoisres W, Fleming L, dos Santos AS, Rocha da Silva MJ, Skelton B, van der Veek S, Knafl KA. Measurement of Family Management in Families of Individuals With Down Syndrome: A Cross-Cultural Investigation. JOURNAL OF FAMILY NURSING 2021; 27:8-22. [PMID: 33272069 PMCID: PMC7897787 DOI: 10.1177/1074840720975167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability worldwide. The purpose of this analysis was to determine the internal consistency reliability of eight language versions of the Family Management Measure (FaMM) and compare family management of DS across cultures. A total of 2,740 parents of individuals with DS from 11 countries completed the FaMM. The analysis provided evidence of internal consistency reliability exceeding .70 for four of six FaMM scales for the entire sample. Across countries, there was a pattern of positive family management. Cross-cultural comparisons revealed parents from Brazil, Spain, and the United States had the most positive family management and respondents from Ireland, Italy, Japan, and Korea had the least positive. The rankings were mixed for the four remaining countries. These findings provide evidence of overall strong internal consistency reliability of the FaMM. More cross-cultural research is needed to understand how social determinants of health influence family management in families of individuals with DS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcia Van Riper
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
- Marcia Van Riper, School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Carrington Hall, Room 433, Campus Box 7460, 120 N. Medical Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | - Gert de Graaf
- Dutch Down Syndrome Foundation, Meppel, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Elena Marta
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Sara Alfieri
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Beth Skelton
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lee A, Knafl G, Knafl K, Van Riper M. Parent-Reported Contribution of Family Variables to the Quality of Life in Children with Down Syndrome: Report from an International Study. J Pediatr Nurs 2020; 55:192-200. [PMID: 32957023 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2020.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The intent of this study was to determine parents' views of the contribution of family variables to the quality of life (QoL) of children with Down Syndrome (DS). Based on prior research, we hypothesized that parents would report that family variables reflecting positive aspects of family functioning contributed to better QoL; and family variables reflecting the negative aspects of family functioning contributed to poorer QoL. DESIGN AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out. Invitation letters were sent to DS support groups. Upon agreement, the parents of the children were sent a link to an online survey that included a consent form, demographic questionnaire, and child and family measures. RESULTS Results demonstrated the contribution of family demands to children's interpersonal relations. Family appraisals concerning the child and the family's ability predicted the children's physical and material well-being, personal development, self-determination, social inclusion, interpersonal relations, and rights. Family problem-solving served as a prominent predictor for children's physical and emotional well-being, personal development, interpersonal relations, and rights. Also, family resources predicted various aspects of children's QoL including physical, emotional, and material well-being, self-determination, social inclusion, interpersonal relations, and rights. CONCLUSION Results confirmed the significant relationship between family and children's QoL variables. Family appraisal and family problem-solving were especially identified as significant predictors of children's QoL that can be targeted for family interventions, since the family variables are modifiable aspects of family life. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Nurses can use current findings to develop interventions to enhance QoL of children with DS and families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lee
- Department of Nursing, College of Health and Welfare, South Korea.
| | - George Knafl
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Nursing, NC, United States.
| | - Kathleen Knafl
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Nursing, NC, United States.
| | - Marcia Van Riper
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Nursing, NC, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Environmental Factors that Impact the Workplace Participation of Transition-Aged Young Adults with Brain-Based Disabilities: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17072378. [PMID: 32244476 PMCID: PMC7177278 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17072378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Workplace participation of individuals with disabilities continues to be a challenge. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) places importance on the environment in explaining participation in different life domains, including work. A scoping review was conducted to investigate environmental facilitators and barriers relevant to workplace participation for transition-aged young adults aged 18-35 with brain-based disabilities. Studies published between 1995 and 2018 were screened by two reviewers. Findings were categorized into the ICF's environmental domains: Products and technology/Natural environment and human-made changes to environment, Support and relationships, Attitudes, and Services, systems and policies. Out of 11,515 articles screened, 31 were retained. All environmental domains of the ICF influenced workplace participation. The majority of the studies (77%) highlighted factors in the Services, systems and policies domain such as inclusive and flexible systems, and well-defined policies exercised at the organizational level. Social support mainly from family, friends, employers and colleagues was reported as a facilitator (68%), followed by physical accessibility and finally, the availability of assistive technology (55%). Attitudes of colleagues and employers were mostly seen as a barrier to workplace participation (48%). Findings can inform the development of guidelines and processes for implementing and reinforcing policies, regulations and support at the organization level.
Collapse
|
10
|
Boehm TL, Carter EW. Family Quality of Life and Its Correlates Among Parents of Children and Adults With Intellectual Disability. AMERICAN JOURNAL ON INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2019; 124:99-115. [PMID: 30835525 DOI: 10.1352/1944-7558-124.2.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
All families, including those impacted by disability, desire and deserve opportunities for high quality of life. This study focused on family quality of life (FQOL) among 529 parents with children or adults with intellectual disability (ID). Parents reported moderate to high levels of FQOL satisfaction, with some variability across domains. We conducted hierarchical linear regression analyses to examine associations among FQOL and: (1) individual and family demographic factors, (2) religiosity/spirituality factors, and (3) relationship factors. Findings highlighted the significance of both informal (i.e., family, friends) and formal (i.e., professional) social relationships, as well as the relevance of spirituality/religiosity, as factors contributing to FQOL. We offer recommendations for research and practice aimed at enhancing FQOL of parents with children and adults who have ID.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L Boehm
- Thomas L. Boehm, Wheaton College; and Erik W. Carter, Vanderbilt University
| | - Erik W Carter
- Thomas L. Boehm, Wheaton College; and Erik W. Carter, Vanderbilt University
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Haddad F, Bourke J, Wong K, Leonard H. An investigation of the determinants of quality of life in adolescents and young adults with Down syndrome. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197394. [PMID: 29897903 PMCID: PMC5999114 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Young people with Down syndrome experience varying abilities in activities of daily living, cognitive functioning, behaviour and social skills. The aim of this research was to investigate, from a carer's perspective, the factors that influenced the quality of life of these young people. METHODS Families of young people with Down syndrome (n = 197), aged 16-31 years, living in Western Australia, took part in a questionnaire study regarding young person daily functioning, family characteristics, medical background and quality of life measured by the Kidscreen 27-item scale. Kidscreen-10 total score was used as an outcome in the investigation of determinants with higher scores indicating better quality of life. RESULTS After adjustment for confounders including carer's mental health measured by the Depression and Anxiety Scale (DASS), global impact of illness as well as impact of mental health and bowel conditions were all negatively associated with the young person's quality of life. Young people who had three or more friends had better quality of life than those with no friends. Scores were lower (reflecting poor quality of life) in individuals who had more behavioural problems but these relationships were attenuated after adjustment for confounders and DASS. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our findings revealed that quality of life of young people with Down syndrome was most negatively associated with burden of medical conditions, but also with lack of friendships. We were somewhat surprised to find the effect of medical problems on quality of life persisting into adolescence and adulthood where in general the burden of medical comorbidities is much less than in childhood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Haddad
- University of Western Australia, Perth Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jenny Bourke
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kingsley Wong
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth Western Australia, Australia
| | - Helen Leonard
- University of Western Australia, Perth Western Australia, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Transition to adulthood for young people with intellectual disability: the experiences of their families. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2016; 25:1369-1381. [PMID: 27170424 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-016-0853-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Whilst the transition from school to adult roles can be challenging for any adolescent, for those with an intellectual disability it can present as a particularly difficult time both for the individual and their family. The process may involve coordinated planning, collaboration and decision-making among school staff, families and community agencies. This mixed-methods study utilised information from two cohorts: young people with Down syndrome in Western Australia (n = 190) and young people with intellectual disability (of any cause) in Queensland, Australia (n = 150). The parent-report questionnaires administered in both states comprised two parts: part 1 collected information about the individual with intellectual disability including information on health, functioning and service needs, and about specific transition related issues; and part 2 collected information about the health and well-being of their family. The majority (87 %) of parents said that they were involved in decision-making about transition planning but less than two-thirds (59.5 %) of young people were involved in this process. The three most helpful strategies indicated by parents that assisted with transition planning related to the provision of more information about financial assistance, the school transition program and the building of informal community-based supports. A number of themes emerged from the qualitative data which included parents' views and concerns about the capacity of their young adult to adapt and change to life in adulthood, their difficulty navigating services and programs, issues and challenges around their young person building connectedness, strain on family wellbeing and finances and worry about the longer term future.
Collapse
|
13
|
Young People with Intellectual Disability Transitioning to Adulthood: Do Behaviour Trajectories Differ in Those with and without Down Syndrome? PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157667. [PMID: 27391326 PMCID: PMC4938609 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Young people with intellectual disability exhibit substantial and persistent problem behaviours compared with their non-disabled peers. The aim of this study was to compare changes in emotional and behavioural problems for young people with intellectual disability with and without Down syndrome as they transition into adulthood in two different Australian cohorts. Methods Emotional and behavioural problems were measured over three time points using the Developmental Behaviour Checklist (DBC) for those with Down syndrome (n = 323 at wave one) and compared to those with intellectual disability of another cause (n = 466 at wave one). Outcome scores were modelled using random effects regression as linear functions of age, Down syndrome status, ability to speak and gender. Results DBC scores of those with Down syndrome were lower than those of people without Down syndrome indicating fewer behavioural problems on all scales except communication disturbance. For both groups disruptive, communication disturbance, anxiety and self-absorbed DBC subscales all declined on average over time. There were two important differences between changes in behaviours for these two cohorts. Depressive symptoms did not significantly decline for those with Down syndrome compared to those without Down syndrome. The trajectory of the social relating behaviours subscale differed between these two cohorts, where those with Down syndrome remained relatively steady and, for those with intellectual disability from another cause, the behaviours increased over time. Conclusions These results have implications for needed supports and opportunities for engagement in society to buffer against these emotional and behavioural challenges.
Collapse
|
14
|
Gilmore L, Ryan B, Cuskelly M, Gavidia-Payne S. Understanding Maternal Support for Autonomy in Young Children with Down Syndrome. JOURNAL OF POLICY AND PRACTICE IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jppi.12163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Gilmore
- Queensland University of Technology; Brisbane Australia
| | - Belinda Ryan
- Queensland University of Technology; Brisbane Australia
| | - Monica Cuskelly
- University of Queensland; Brisbane Australia and University of Tasmania, Launceston, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Foley KR, Jacoby P, Einfeld S, Girdler S, Bourke J, Riches V, Leonard H. Day occupation is associated with psychopathology for adolescents and young adults with Down syndrome. BMC Psychiatry 2014; 14:266. [PMID: 25274152 PMCID: PMC4190345 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-014-0266-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Young adults with Down syndrome experience increased rates of emotional and behavioural problems compared with the general population. Most adolescents with Down syndrome living in Western Australia participate in sheltered employment as their main day occupation. Relationship between day occupation and changes in behaviour has not been examined. Therefore, the aim of this research was to explore any relationship between post school day occupations and changes in the young person's behaviour. METHODS The Down syndrome Needs Opinion Wishes database was used for case ascertainment of young adults aged 15 to 32 years with Down syndrome. Families of 118 young people in this population-based database completed questionnaires in 2004, 2009 and 2011. The questionnaires addressed both young person characteristics such as age, gender, presence of impairments, behaviour, functioning in activities of daily living, and family characteristics such as income and family functioning. Post-school day occupations in which the young people were participating included open and sheltered employment, training and day recreation programs. Change in behaviour of young adults who remained in the same post-school day occupation from 2009 to 2011 (n = 103) were examined in a linear regression model adjusting for confounding variables including age, gender, prior functioning and behaviour in 2004 and family income. RESULTS In comparison to those young adults attending open employment from 2009 to 2011, those attending day recreation programs were reported to experience worsening in behaviour both in the unadjusted (effect size -0.14, 95% CI -0.24, -0.05) and adjusted models (effect size -0.15, 95% CI -0.29, -0.01). CONCLUSIONS We found that the behaviour of those participating in open employment improved compared to those attending other day occupations. Further examination of the direction of this association is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kitty-Rose Foley
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia ,School of Exercise and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia ,Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Peter Jacoby
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Stewart Einfeld
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia ,Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sonya Girdler
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia ,School of Exercise and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia ,School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Centre for Research into Disability and Society, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia Australia
| | - Jenny Bourke
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Vivienne Riches
- Centre for Disability Studies, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Helen Leonard
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Foley KR, Girdler S, Bourke J, Jacoby P, Llewellyn G, Einfeld S, Tonge B, Parmenter TR, Leonard H. Influence of the environment on participation in social roles for young adults with down syndrome. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108413. [PMID: 25259577 PMCID: PMC4178155 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The concept of disability is now understood as a result of the interaction between the individual, features related to impairment, and the physical and social environment. It is important to understand these environmental influences and how they affect social participation. The purpose of this study is to describe the social participation of young adults with Down syndrome and examine its relationship with the physical and social environment. Methods Families ascertained from the Down syndrome ‘Needs Opinion Wishes’ database completed questionnaires during 2011. The questionnaires contained two parts, young person characteristics and family characteristics. Young adults’ social participation was measured using the Assessment of Life Habits (LIFE-H) and the influences of environmental factors were measured by the Measure of the Quality of the Environment (MQE). The analysis involved descriptive statistics and linear and logistic regression. Results Overall, participation in daily activities was higher (mean 6.45) than in social roles (mean 5.17) (range 0 to 9). When the physical and/or social environment was reported as a facilitator, compared to being no influence or a barrier, participation in social roles was greater (coef 0.89, 95%CI 0.28, 1.52, coef 0.83, 95%CI 0.17, 1.49, respectively). The relationships between participation and both the physical (coef 0.60, 95% CI −0.40, 1.24) and social (coef 0.20, 95%CI −0.47, 0.87) environments were reduced when age, gender, behavior and functioning in ADL were taken into account. Conclusion We found that young adults’ participation in social roles was influenced more by the physical environment than by the social environment, providing a potentially modifiable avenue for intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kitty-Rose Foley
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sonya Girdler
- School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Jenny Bourke
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Peter Jacoby
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | | | - Stewart Einfeld
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Bruce Tonge
- Centre for Developmental Psychiatry and Psychology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Helen Leonard
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|