1
|
Kou L, Chen H, Zhang X, Liu S, Zhang B, Zhu H, Du Z. Enhanced degradation of phthalate esters (PAEs) by biochar-sodium alginate immobilized Rhodococcus sp. KLW-1. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37191443 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2215456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a new strain of bacteria, named Rhodococcus sp. KLW-1, was isolated from farmland soil contaminated by plastic mulch for more than 30 years. To improve the application performance of free bacteria and find more ways to use waste biochar, KLW-1 was immobilized on waste biochar by sodium alginate embedding method to prepare immobilized pellet. Response Surface Method (RSM) predicted that under optimal conditions (3% sodium alginate, 2% biochar and 4% CaCl2), di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) degradation efficiency of 90.48% can be achieved. Under the adverse environmental conditions of pH 5 and 9, immobilization increased the degradation efficiency of 100 mg/L DEHP by 16.42% and 11.48% respectively, and under the high-stress condition of 500 mg/L DEHP concentration, immobilization increased the degradation efficiency from 71.52% to 91.56%, making the immobilized pellets have strong stability and impact load resistance to environmental stress. In addition, immobilization also enhanced the degradation efficiency of several phthalate esters (PAEs) widely existing in the environment. After four cycles of utilization, the immobilized particles maintained stable degradation efficiency for different PAEs. Therefore, immobilized pellets have great application potential for the remediation of the actual environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liangwei Kou
- School of Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Road 100, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Remediation and Grain Quality Security, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanyu Chen
- School of Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Road 100, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Remediation and Grain Quality Security, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqi Zhang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Road 100, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Remediation and Grain Quality Security, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoqin Liu
- School of Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Road 100, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Remediation and Grain Quality Security, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Baozhong Zhang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Road 100, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Remediation and Grain Quality Security, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Huina Zhu
- School of Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Road 100, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Remediation and Grain Quality Security, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhimin Du
- School of Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Road 100, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Remediation and Grain Quality Security, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Guo J, Ren J, Chang C, Duan Q, Li J, Kanerva M, Yang F, Mo J. Freshwater crustacean exposed to active pharmaceutical ingredients: ecotoxicological effects and mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:48868-48902. [PMID: 36884171 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26169-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Concerns over the ecotoxicological effects of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) on aquatic invertebrates have been raised in the last decade. While numerous studies have reported the toxicity of APIs in invertebrates, no attempt has been made to synthesize and interpret this dataset in terms of different exposure scenarios (acute, chronic, multigenerational), multiple crustacean species, and the toxic mechanisms. In this study, a thorough literature review was performed to summarize the ecotoxicological data of APIs tested on a range of invertebrates. Therapeutic classes including antidepressants, anti-infectives, antineoplastic agents, hormonal contraceptives, immunosuppressants, and neuro-active drugs exhibited higher toxicity to crustaceans than other API groups. The species sensitivity towards APIs exposure is compared in D. magna and other crustacean species. In the case of acute and chronic bioassays, ecotoxicological studies mainly focus on the apical endpoints including growth and reproduction, whereas sex ratio and molting frequency are commonly used for evaluating the substances with endocrine-disrupting properties. The multigenerational and "Omics" studies, primarily transcriptomics and metabolomics, were confined to a few API groups including beta-blocking agents, blood lipid-lowing agents, neuroactive agents, anticancer drugs, and synthetic hormones. We emphasize that in-depth studies on the multigenerational effects and the toxic mechanisms of APIs on the endocrine systems of freshwater crustacean are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahua Guo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Jingya Ren
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Chao Chang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Qiannan Duan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Environment and Geography, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5NG, UK
| | - Mirella Kanerva
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Matsuyama, 7908577, Japan
| | - Fangshe Yang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China.
| | - Jiezhang Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Molecular Responses of Daphnids to Chronic Exposures to Pharmaceuticals. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044100. [PMID: 36835510 PMCID: PMC9964447 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmaceutical compounds are among several classes of contaminants of emerging concern, such as pesticides, heavy metals and personal care products, all of which are a major concern for aquatic ecosystems. The hazards posed by the presence of pharmaceutical is one which affects both freshwater organisms and human health-via non-target effects and by the contamination of drinking water sources. The molecular and phenotypic alterations of five pharmaceuticals which are commonly present in the aquatic environment were explored in daphnids under chronic exposures. Markers of physiology such as enzyme activities were combined with metabolic perturbations to assess the impact of metformin, diclofenac, gabapentin, carbamazepine and gemfibrozil on daphnids. Enzyme activity of markers of physiology included phosphatases, lipase, peptidase, β-galactosidase, lactate dehydrogenase, glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione reductase activities. Furthermore, targeted LC-MS/MS analysis focusing on glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway and the TCA cycle intermediates was performed to assess metabolic alterations. Exposure to pharmaceuticals resulted in the changes in activity for several enzymes of metabolism and the detoxification enzyme glutathione-S-transferase. Metabolic perturbations on key pathways revealed distinct groups and metabolic fingerprints for the different exposures and their mixtures. Chronic exposure to pharmaceuticals at low concentrations revealed significant alterations of metabolic and physiological endpoints.
Collapse
|
4
|
Di S, Wang J, Zhai Y, Chen P, Ning T, Shi C, Yang H, Bao Y, Gao Q, Zhu S. Efficient activation of peroxymonosulfate mediated by Co(II)-CeO 2 as a novel heterogeneous catalyst for the degradation of refractory organic contaminants: Degradation pathway, mechanism and toxicity assessment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 435:129013. [PMID: 35523092 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A series of Co(II)-CeO2 mixed metal oxides were synthesized by a facile hydrothermal-calcination procedure for activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and degrading toxic and difficult biodegradable organics. Co(II)-CeO2 showed excellent degradation performance toward rhodamine B (RhB), toluidine blue, methylene blue and diclofenac. RhB is a refractory organic contaminant, and ecotoxicological evaluation unraveled its harmfulness to the biosphere. RhB was selected as the model pollutant to investigate catalytic mechanisms. Parameters affecting degradation performance were profoundly investigated, including Co:Ce feed ratio, initial pH, PMS dosage, catalyst dosage, RhB concentration, coexisting ions and reaction temperature. Reaction mechanisms were proposed based on density functional theory calculations and identifications of reactive oxygen species. Improvements have been achieved in seven aspects compared to previous studies, including 100% degradation ratio in both real water samples and each reuse of the catalyst, ultrafast degradation rate, cost-effectiveness of the catalyst, toxicity-attenuation provided by the developed degradation method, high degree of mineralization for the model pollutant, negligible leaching of active sites, and the enhancement of catalytic performance by utilizing trace leached cobalt, endowing the technique with broad applicability and prospect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Di
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jiahao Wang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yixin Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Pin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Tao Ning
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chunxiang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hucheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yue Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shukui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nkoom M, Lu G, Liu J. Chronic toxicity of diclofenac, carbamazepine and their mixture to Daphnia magna: a comparative two-generational study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:58963-58979. [PMID: 35378650 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19463-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The chronic toxicity of diclofenac (DCF) and carbamazepine (CBZ) as separate substances and in conjunction with their mixture on Daphnia magna was assessed in the parental (F0) and first filial (F1) generations. The second (F1-B2) and fifth (F1-B5) broods of F1 offspring were investigated and compared. Both drugs and their mixture were exposed to each generation of Daphnia magna for 21 days with life history, behavioural and gene expressions as measured endpoints. After the parental exposure, offspring from these two broods were transferred to a clean medium for a 21-day recovery. Exposure to diclofenac, carbamazepine and their mixture significantly inhibited growth, reproduction, swimming activities, heart rate, thoracic limb activities, reproductive and antioxidant-related genes in the parental as well as the first filial generations. These effects were relatively greater in the F1 generation. This indicates that Daphnia magna's sensitivity improved while its fitness declined over the two generations, which is an indicator of greater energy requirements for maintenance. Besides, the significant inhibition in the antioxidant-related genes implies that oxidative stress occurred in Daphnia magna under the exposure to these drugs. The significant reduction in the reproductive output, moulting frequency and cyp314 gene expression as a result of exposure to CBZ simultaneously obtained herein may indicate that this drug could act as an endocrine disruptor. Most of these significant effects were not recoverable after the 21-day recovery period. The findings reported herein highlight the necessity to include maternal effects in environmental risk assessment processes, considering that pollutant effects are underestimated during single-generational exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Nkoom
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources, Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China
- Department of Environment and Sustainability Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Guanghua Lu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources, Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianchao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources, Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Baali H, Cosio C. Effects of carbamazepine in aquatic biota. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2022; 24:209-220. [PMID: 35014660 DOI: 10.1039/d1em00328c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Carbamazepine (CBZ) is one of the most common pharmaceuticals found in the aquatic environment. Here, we reviewed studies in aquatic animals highlighting that CBZ affected ROS homeostasis but also the neuroendocrine system, cell viability, immunity, reproduction, feeding behavior and growth. Notably, the acetylcholinesterase activity was modified by concentrations of the order of ng L-1 CBZ. At ≥10 μg L-1, data pointed that CBZ triggered the production of ROS, modifying the activity of antioxidant enzymes and produced a significant cellular stress at concentrations ≥100 μg L-1. However, the response appeared species-, organ- and time-dependent, and was impacted by different experimental conditions and the origin of animals. In this context, this review discusses the available data and proposes future research priorities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Baali
- Université Reims Champagne Ardenne, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 51100 Reims, France.
| | - Claudia Cosio
- Université Reims Champagne Ardenne, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 51100 Reims, France.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pavanello A, Fabbri D, Calza P, Battiston D, Miranda MA, Marin ML. Photocatalytic degradation of drugs in water mediated by acetylated riboflavin and visible light: A mechanistic study. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2021; 221:112250. [PMID: 34243022 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
There is a current concern, among the scientific community, on the pollutants classified as "persistent organic pollutants (POPs)". Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) belong to this family of contaminants; therefore, it is necessary to find more efficient techniques able to achieve their removal from the environment. This study focuses on two different pharmaceuticals: carbamazepine and atenolol, chosen for their widespread use and their different chemical and medical properties. In this work, an organic dye, acetylated riboflavin, has been used in combination with visible light to achieve the photodegradation of these two POPs in <2 h. Moreover, photophysical experiments demonstrated the involvement of the singlet and triplet excited states of acetylated riboflavin and the generated singlet oxygen in the removal of these drugs. Besides, a detailed UFLC-MS-MS analysis of the photoproducts confirmed the oxidation of the drugs. Finally, a plausible mechanism has been postulated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Pavanello
- Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Universitat Politècnica de València, E-46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Debora Fabbri
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, via P. Giuria 5, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Paola Calza
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, via P. Giuria 5, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Debora Battiston
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, via P. Giuria 5, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Miguel A Miranda
- Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Universitat Politècnica de València, E-46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - M Luisa Marin
- Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Universitat Politècnica de València, E-46022 Valencia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tkaczyk A, Bownik A, Dudka J, Kowal K, Ślaska B. Daphnia magna model in the toxicity assessment of pharmaceuticals: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 763:143038. [PMID: 33127157 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Daphnia magna is one of the most commonly used model organism to assess toxicity of wide range of pharmaceuticals such as antibiotics, anticancer drugs, antidepressants, anti-inflammatory drugs, beta-blockers and lipid-regulating agents. Currently, daphnia toxicity tests based on immobilisation and lethality standardised by OECD, acute immobilisation test and reproduction test, are mainly used in toxicological studies. Detailed analysis of Daphnia biology allows distinguishing the swimming behaviour and physiological endpoints such as swimming speed, distance travelled, hopping frequency, heart rate, ingestion rate, feeding rate, oxygen consumption, thoracic limb activity which could be also useful in assessment of toxic effects. The advantage of behavioural and physiological parameters is the possibility to observe sublethal effects induced by lower concentrations of pharmaceuticals which would not be possible to notice by using OECD tests. Additionally, toxic effects of tested drugs could be assessed using enzymatic and non-enzymatic biomarkers of daphnia toxicity. This review presents scientific data considering characteristics of D. magna, analysis of immobilisation, lethality, reproductive, behavioural, physiological and biochemical parameters used in the toxicity assessment of pharmaceuticals. The aim of this paper is also to emphasize usefulness, advantages and disadvantages of these invertebrate model organisms to assess toxicity of different therapeutic classes of pharmaceuticals. Also, various examples of application of D. magna in studies on pharmaceutical toxicity are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Tkaczyk
- Institute of Biological Bases of Animal Production, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Adam Bownik
- Department of Hydrobiology and Protection of Ecosystems, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Dobrzańskiego 37, 20-62 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Jarosław Dudka
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Kowal
- Institute of Biological Bases of Animal Production, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Brygida Ślaska
- Institute of Biological Bases of Animal Production, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
The oxidation of aqueous solutions of carbamazepine is conducted using the Fenton reagent, combined with the photolytic action of a 150 W medium pressure UV lamp, operating at T = 40 °C. The effect of acidity is analysed at an interval pH = 2.0–5.0, verifying that operating at pH = 5.0 promotes colour formation (Colour = 0.15 AU). The effect of iron is studied, finding that the colour of the water increases in a linear way, Colour = 0.05 + 0.0075 [Fe]0. The oxidising action of hydrogen peroxide is tested, confirming that when operating with [H2O2]0 = 2.0 mM, the maximum colour is generated (Colourmax = 0.381 AU). The tint would be generated by the degradation of by-products of carbamazepine, which have chromophoric groups in their internal structure, such as oxo and dioxocarbazepines, which would produce tint along the first minutes of oxidation, while the formation of acridones would slowly induce colour in the water.
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang W, Xia X, Wang J, Zhu L, Wang J, Wang G, Chen Y, Kim YM. Oxidative stress and genotoxicity of nitenpyram to earthworms (Eisenia foetida). CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 264:128493. [PMID: 33039690 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the artificial soil poisoning method was used to explore the antioxidative stress mechanism and gene changes of earthworms (Eisenia foetida) after application of nitenpyram. The toxic effects of nitenpyram on earthworms were combined with the method called the second-generation integrated biomarker response index method (IBRv2) to be comprehensively analyzed by studying the reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity, glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and DNA damage degree in earthworms. The results showed that the ROS content in the high-concentration (2.5 mg/kg) nitenpyram treatment group changed significantly. The changes of antioxidant enzymes in earthworms were also obvious. In terms of SOD enzyme activity, under the induction of nitenpyram, SOD activity in the 1 mg/kg and 2.5 mg/kg treatment groups was significantly enhanced. The concentration-treated group could all affect the activity of earthworm detoxifying enzyme GST. Earthworm DNA olive tail in the nitenpyram treatment group with different concentrations was mainly concentrated at low and medium levels at 21d, and the proportion was the largest during the whole exposure period, showing a significant dose-effect relationship. This study confirms that nitenpyram not only has a toxic effect on the physiological and biochemical indicators of earthworms, but also cannot be underestimated on its genetic level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China.
| | - Xiaoming Xia
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China.
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China.
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China.
| | - Guangchi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China.
| | - Yangyang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China.
| | - Young Mo Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lomba L, Lapeña D, Ros N, Aso E, Cannavò M, Errazquin D, Giner B. Ecotoxicological study of six drugs in Aliivibrio fischeri, Daphnia magna and Raphidocelis subcapitata. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:9891-9900. [PMID: 31925696 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07592-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The presence of drugs in the environment is an emerging issue in the scientific community. It has been shown that these substances are active chemicals that consequently affect aquatic organisms and, finally, humans as end users. To evaluate the toxicity of these compounds and how they affect the environment, it is important to perform systematic ecotoxicological and physicochemical studies. The best way to address this problem is to conduct studies on different aquatic trophic levels. In this work, an ecotoxicological study of six drugs (anhydrous caffeine, diphenhydramine hydrochloride, gentamicin sulphate, lidocaine hydrochloride, tobramycin sulphate and enalapril maleate) that used three aquatic biological models (Raphidocelis subcapitata, Aliivibrio fischeri and Daphnia magna) was performed. Additionally, the concentration of chlorophyll in the algae R. subcapitata was measured. Furthermore, EC50 values were analysed using the Passino and Smith classification (PSC) method, which categorized the compounds as toxic or relatively toxic. All of the studied drugs showed clear concentration-dependent toxic effects. The toxicity of the chemicals depended on the biological model studied, with Raphidocelis subcapitata being the most sensitive species and Aliivibrio fischeri being the least sensitive. The results indicate that the most toxic compound, for all the studied biological models, was diphenhydramine hydrochloride. Graphical abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Lomba
- Universidad San Jorge, Campus Universitario, Autovia A23 km 299, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - David Lapeña
- Universidad San Jorge, Campus Universitario, Autovia A23 km 299, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Natalia Ros
- Universidad San Jorge, Campus Universitario, Autovia A23 km 299, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Elena Aso
- Universidad San Jorge, Campus Universitario, Autovia A23 km 299, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Mariachiara Cannavò
- Dipartimento di scienze chimeche biologiche farmaceutiche ed ambientali, Università degli studi di Messina, viale F. Stagno D' alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Diego Errazquin
- Universidad San Jorge, Campus Universitario, Autovia A23 km 299, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Beatriz Giner
- Universidad San Jorge, Campus Universitario, Autovia A23 km 299, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| |
Collapse
|