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Ahmed AA, Alegret N, Almeida B, Alvarez-Puebla R, Andrews AM, Ballerini L, Barrios-Capuchino JJ, Becker C, Blick RH, Bonakdar S, Chakraborty I, Chen X, Cheon J, Chilla G, Coelho Conceicao AL, Delehanty J, Dulle M, Efros AL, Epple M, Fedyk M, Feliu N, Feng M, Fernández-Chacón R, Fernandez-Cuesta I, Fertig N, Förster S, Garrido JA, George M, Guse AH, Hampp N, Harberts J, Han J, Heekeren HR, Hofmann UG, Holzapfel M, Hosseinkazemi H, Huang Y, Huber P, Hyeon T, Ingebrandt S, Ienca M, Iske A, Kang Y, Kasieczka G, Kim DH, Kostarelos K, Lee JH, Lin KW, Liu S, Liu X, Liu Y, Lohr C, Mailänder V, Maffongelli L, Megahed S, Mews A, Mutas M, Nack L, Nakatsuka N, Oertner TG, Offenhäusser A, Oheim M, Otange B, Otto F, Patrono E, Peng B, Picchiotti A, Pierini F, Pötter-Nerger M, Pozzi M, Pralle A, Prato M, Qi B, Ramos-Cabrer P, Genger UR, Ritter N, Rittner M, Roy S, Santoro F, Schuck NW, Schulz F, Şeker E, Skiba M, Sosniok M, Stephan H, Wang R, Wang T, Wegner KD, Weiss PS, Xu M, Yang C, Zargarian SS, Zeng Y, Zhou Y, Zhu D, Zierold R, Parak WJ. Interfacing with the Brain: How Nanotechnology Can Contribute. ACS NANO 2025; 19:10630-10717. [PMID: 40063703 PMCID: PMC11948619 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c10525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Revised: 12/19/2024] [Accepted: 12/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2025]
Abstract
Interfacing artificial devices with the human brain is the central goal of neurotechnology. Yet, our imaginations are often limited by currently available paradigms and technologies. Suggestions for brain-machine interfaces have changed over time, along with the available technology. Mechanical levers and cable winches were used to move parts of the brain during the mechanical age. Sophisticated electronic wiring and remote control have arisen during the electronic age, ultimately leading to plug-and-play computer interfaces. Nonetheless, our brains are so complex that these visions, until recently, largely remained unreachable dreams. The general problem, thus far, is that most of our technology is mechanically and/or electrically engineered, whereas the brain is a living, dynamic entity. As a result, these worlds are difficult to interface with one another. Nanotechnology, which encompasses engineered solid-state objects and integrated circuits, excels at small length scales of single to a few hundred nanometers and, thus, matches the sizes of biomolecules, biomolecular assemblies, and parts of cells. Consequently, we envision nanomaterials and nanotools as opportunities to interface with the brain in alternative ways. Here, we review the existing literature on the use of nanotechnology in brain-machine interfaces and look forward in discussing perspectives and limitations based on the authors' expertise across a range of complementary disciplines─from neuroscience, engineering, physics, and chemistry to biology and medicine, computer science and mathematics, and social science and jurisprudence. We focus on nanotechnology but also include information from related fields when useful and complementary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah
A. A. Ahmed
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Department
of Physics, Faculty of Applied Science, Thamar University, Dhamar 87246, Yemen
| | - Nuria Alegret
- Biogipuzkoa
HRI, Paseo Dr. Begiristain
s/n, 20014 Donostia-San
Sebastián, Spain
- Basque
Foundation for Science, Ikerbasque, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Bethany Almeida
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699, United States
| | - Ramón Alvarez-Puebla
- Universitat
Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- ICREA, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anne M. Andrews
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los
Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Neuroscience
Interdepartmental Program, University of
California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience
& Human Behavior, and Hatos Center for Neuropharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California
Nanosystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Laura Ballerini
- Neuroscience
Area, International School for Advanced
Studies (SISSA/ISAS), Trieste 34136, Italy
| | | | - Charline Becker
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Robert H. Blick
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Shahin Bonakdar
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- National
Cell Bank Department, Pasteur Institute
of Iran, P.O. Box 1316943551, Tehran, Iran
| | - Indranath Chakraborty
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- School
of Nano Science and Technology, Indian Institute
of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative
Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck − NTU Joint
Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Jinwoo Cheon
- Institute
for Basic Science Center for Nanomedicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Advanced
Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Department
of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Gerwin Chilla
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - James Delehanty
- U.S. Naval
Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Martin Dulle
- JCNS-1, Forschungszentrum
Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Mark Fedyk
- Center
for Neuroengineering and Medicine, UC Davis, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
| | - Neus Feliu
- Zentrum
für Angewandte Nanotechnologie CAN, Fraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Polymerforschung IAP, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Miao Feng
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rafael Fernández-Chacón
- Instituto
de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital
Universitario Virgen del Rocío/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas/Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Departamento
de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Facultad de
Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, CIBERNED,
ISCIII, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | | | - Niels Fertig
- Nanion
Technologies GmbH, 80339 München, Germany
| | | | - Jose A. Garrido
- ICREA, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | | | - Andreas H. Guse
- The Calcium
Signaling Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Norbert Hampp
- Fachbereich
Chemie, Universität Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Jann Harberts
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Drug Delivery,
Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Melbourne
Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node
of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Jili Han
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hauke R. Heekeren
- Executive
University Board, Universität Hamburg, 20148 Hamburg Germany
| | - Ulrich G. Hofmann
- Section
for Neuroelectronic Systems, Department for Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Freiburg, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty
of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Malte Holzapfel
- Zentrum
für Angewandte Nanotechnologie CAN, Fraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Polymerforschung IAP, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Yalan Huang
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Huber
- Institute
for Materials and X-ray Physics, Hamburg
University of Technology, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
- Center
for X-ray and Nano Science CXNS, Deutsches
Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Taeghwan Hyeon
- Center
for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical
Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sven Ingebrandt
- Institute
of Materials in Electrical Engineering 1, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Marcello Ienca
- Institute
for Ethics and History of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health, Technische Universität München (TUM), 81675 München, Germany
| | - Armin Iske
- Fachbereich
Mathematik, Universität Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yanan Kang
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Dae-Hyeong Kim
- Center
for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical
Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Catalan
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Centre
for Nanotechnology in Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine &
Health and The National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United
Kingdom
| | - Jae-Hyun Lee
- Institute
for Basic Science Center for Nanomedicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Advanced
Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Kai-Wei Lin
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sijin Liu
- State Key
Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University
of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yang Liu
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Lohr
- Fachbereich
Biologie, Universität Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Volker Mailänder
- Department
of Dermatology, Center for Translational Nanomedicine, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes-Gutenberg,
Universität Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Max Planck
Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55129 Mainz, Germany
| | - Laura Maffongelli
- Institute
of Medical Psychology, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Saad Megahed
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Physics
Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar
University, 4434104 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alf Mews
- Fachbereich
Chemie, Universität Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marina Mutas
- Zentrum
für Angewandte Nanotechnologie CAN, Fraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Polymerforschung IAP, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Leroy Nack
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nako Nakatsuka
- Laboratory
of Chemical Nanotechnology (CHEMINA), Neuro-X
Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
(EPFL), Geneva CH-1202, Switzerland
| | - Thomas G. Oertner
- Institute
for Synaptic Neuroscience, University Medical
Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Offenhäusser
- Institute
of Biological Information Processing - Bioelectronics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Martin Oheim
- Université
Paris Cité, CNRS, Saints Pères
Paris Institute for the Neurosciences, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Ben Otange
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ferdinand Otto
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Enrico Patrono
- Institute
of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 12000, Czech Republic
| | - Bo Peng
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Filippo Pierini
- Department
of Biosystems and Soft Matter, Institute
of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Pötter-Nerger
- Head and
Neurocenter, Department of Neurology, University
Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maria Pozzi
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Arnd Pralle
- University
at Buffalo, Department of Physics, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Maurizio Prato
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology
Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San
Sebastián, Spain
- Department
of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Basque
Foundation for Science, Ikerbasque, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Bing Qi
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- School
of Life Sciences, Southern University of
Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Pedro Ramos-Cabrer
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology
Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San
Sebastián, Spain
- Basque
Foundation for Science, Ikerbasque, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ute Resch Genger
- Division
Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing
(BAM), 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Norbert Ritter
- Executive
Faculty Board, Faculty for Mathematics, Informatics and Natural Sciences, Universität Hamburg, 20345 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marten Rittner
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sathi Roy
- Zentrum
für Angewandte Nanotechnologie CAN, Fraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Polymerforschung IAP, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Francesca Santoro
- Institute
of Biological Information Processing - Bioelectronics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Faculty
of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Nicolas W. Schuck
- Institute
of Psychology, Universität Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
- Max Planck
Research Group NeuroCode, Max Planck Institute
for Human Development, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck
UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Schulz
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Erkin Şeker
- University
of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Marvin Skiba
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Sosniok
- Zentrum
für Angewandte Nanotechnologie CAN, Fraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Polymerforschung IAP, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Holger Stephan
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical
Cancer Research, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ruixia Wang
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Deutsches
Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ting Wang
- State Key
Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu
Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM),
Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials
(SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and
Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - K. David Wegner
- Division
Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing
(BAM), 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul S. Weiss
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los
Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California
Nanosystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Bioengineering, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los
Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Ming Xu
- State Key
Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University
of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chenxi Yang
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Seyed Shahrooz Zargarian
- Department
of Biosystems and Soft Matter, Institute
of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Yuan Zeng
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yaofeng Zhou
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dingcheng Zhu
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- College
of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of
Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education,
Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Robert Zierold
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
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Haye L, Pini F, Soro LK, Knighton RC, Fayad N, Benard M, Gagliazzo F, Light ME, Natile MM, Charbonnière LJ, Hildebrandt N, Reisch A. Molecular Upconversion Nanoparticles for Live-Cell Imaging. ACS NANO 2025; 19:7178-7187. [PMID: 39937164 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c16762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2025]
Abstract
Precise molecular control has become a highly attractive feature to develop the next generation of upconversion materials for autofluorescence-free deep tissue imaging. However, in aqueous environments, upconversion molecules are orders of magnitude dimmer than inorganic upconversion nanoparticles, thereby strongly limiting their applicability to bioimaging. By encapsulating ca. 1,900 upconversion molecules into sub-40 nm polymer nanoparticles, we show that molecular precision and nanomaterial brightness can be combined into a new type of hybrid nanomaterial. The brightness of these molecular upconversion nanoparticles (UCMol-NPs) is almost on par with widely used inorganic upconversion nanoparticles, permitting the experimental demonstration of live-cell imaging with UCMol-NPs, an important step toward advancing molecular upconversion into the application era. Fabrication, characterization, and modeling of UCMol-NPs with various sizes and loadings reveal that significant brightness enhancement is possible. This will be paramount for advancing upconversion beyond the current limits of inorganic nanoparticles and translating them into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Haye
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies UMR 7021, Strasbourg 67000, France
- McMaster University, Department of Engineering Physics, Hamilton, ON M8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Federico Pini
- Istituto di Chimica della Materia Condensata e Tecnologie per l'Energia (ICMATE), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Padova, PD 35131, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
- nanoFRET.com, Laboratoire COBRA (Chimie Organique, Bioorganique, Réactivité et Analyse), Université de Rouen Normandie, CNRS, INSA76821, Rouen 76000, France
| | - Lohona Kevin Soro
- Equipe de Synthèse Pour l'Analyse (SynPA), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), UMR 7178, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, ECPM, Strasbourg 67087, Cedex, France
| | - Richard C Knighton
- Equipe de Synthèse Pour l'Analyse (SynPA), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), UMR 7178, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, ECPM, Strasbourg 67087, Cedex, France
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Nour Fayad
- nanoFRET.com, Laboratoire COBRA (Chimie Organique, Bioorganique, Réactivité et Analyse), Université de Rouen Normandie, CNRS, INSA76821, Rouen 76000, France
| | - Magalie Benard
- PRIMACEN, Université de Rouen Normandie, INSERM, CNRS, HeRacLeS US51 UAR2026, Rouen 76000, France
| | - Francesco Gagliazzo
- Istituto di Chimica della Materia Condensata e Tecnologie per l'Energia (ICMATE), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Padova, PD 35131, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Mark E Light
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Marta Maria Natile
- Istituto di Chimica della Materia Condensata e Tecnologie per l'Energia (ICMATE), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Padova, PD 35131, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Loïc J Charbonnière
- Equipe de Synthèse Pour l'Analyse (SynPA), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), UMR 7178, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, ECPM, Strasbourg 67087, Cedex, France
| | - Niko Hildebrandt
- McMaster University, Department of Engineering Physics, Hamilton, ON M8S 4K1, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Andreas Reisch
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies UMR 7021, Strasbourg 67000, France
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Inserm UMRS 1121, CNRS EMR 7003, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg 67000, France
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Lin X, Yang Y, Zhu W, He X, Liu Y. Near-infrared DNA biosensors based on polysulfonate coatings for the sensitive detection of microRNAs. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2025; 7:549-559. [PMID: 39650618 PMCID: PMC11618855 DOI: 10.1039/d4na00712c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 11/18/2024] [Indexed: 12/11/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in the regulation of immune cell differentiation and the immune response during allergic rhinitis (AR). Studies have shown that miRNA-155 is significantly upregulated in AR pathogenesis. Therefore, miRNA-155 can be used as a biomarker for AR diagnosis. Although fluorescent biosensors based on upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have made significant advances in the detection of miRNAs, developing UCNPs with polymer coatings, efficient surface passivation, and DNA functionalization for hybrid sensing in biological media remains challenging. Herein, hairpin DNA1 (H1) is modified into a thin polysulfonic acid layer on UCNPs by sulfonamide bonds, and the fluorescence of the UCNPs is quenched by the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) process of BHQ3 carried by H1. When the target miRNA-155 is present, the hairpin structure of H1 is opened, allowing BHQ3 to move away from the UCNP surface, and the fluorescence of UCNP is restored. At the same time, hairpin DNA1 (H2) can combine with H1 to replace the miRNA-155 that is bound to H1 with the help of the opening stem ring structure of H1, and the replaced miRNA-155 can continue to react with H1 to amplify the fluorescence signal. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the linear range of miRNA-155 is 0.01-3 nM, with a detection limit of 1.14 pM. Furthermore, the constructed biosensor has been applied to determine miRNA-155 in serum samples, and the spiked recoveries range from 99.8% to 104.8%, which indicates that the developed assay has potential applications in monitoring allergic rhinitis or other miRNA related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghang Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Fujian Children's Hospital (Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children's Medical Center), College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University Fuzhou 350014 China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University Fuzhou 350001 China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University Fuzhou 350001 China
| | - Wenzhang Zhu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 China
| | - Xiaorong He
- Dermatology Institute of Fuzhou, Dermatology Hospital of Fuzhou Fuzhou 350001 China
| | - Yunliang Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Fujian Children's Hospital (Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children's Medical Center), College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University Fuzhou 350014 China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University Fuzhou 350001 China
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Stenspil SG, Laursen BW. Photophysics of fluorescent nanoparticles based on organic dyes - challenges and design principles. Chem Sci 2024; 15:8625-8638. [PMID: 38873083 PMCID: PMC11168078 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01352b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent nanoparticles have become attractive for bioanalysis and imaging, due to their high brightness and photostability. Many different optical materials have been applied in fluorescent nanoparticles with a broad range of properties and characteristics. One appealing approach is the incorporation of molecular organic fluorophores in nanoparticles with the intention of transferring their known attractive solution-state properties directly to the nanoparticles. However, as molecular dyes are packed closely together in the nanoparticles their interactions most often result in fluorescence quenching and change in spectral properties making this approach challenging. In this perspective we will first discuss the origins of quenching and spectral shifts observed in dye based nanoparticles. On this background, we will then describe various designs of dye based NPs and how they address the challenges of dye-dye interactions and quenching. Our aim is to provide a general framework for understanding the supramolecular mechanisms that determine the photophysics of dye based nanoparticles. This framework of molecular photophysics and its relation to the internal structure of dye based nanoparticles can hopefully serve to assist rational design and optimization of new and improved dye based nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine G Stenspil
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 København Ø Denmark
| | - Bo W Laursen
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 København Ø Denmark
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5
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Brandmeier JC, Jurga N, Grzyb T, Hlaváček A, Obořilová R, Skládal P, Farka Z, Gorris HH. Digital and Analog Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein via an Upconversion-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Anal Chem 2023; 95:4753-4759. [PMID: 36916131 PMCID: PMC10018451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 crisis requires fast and highly sensitive tests for the early stage detection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. For detecting the nucleocapsid protein (N protein), the most abundant viral antigen, we have employed upconversion nanoparticles that emit short-wavelength light under near-infrared excitation (976 nm). The anti-Stokes emission avoids autofluorescence and light scattering and thus enables measurements without optical background interference. The sandwich upconversion-linked immunosorbent assay (ULISA) can be operated both in a conventional analog mode and in a digital mode based on counting individual immune complexes. We have investigated how different antibody combinations affect the detection of the wildtype N protein and the detection of SARS-CoV-2 (alpha variant) in lysed culture fluid via the N protein. The ULISA yielded a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.3 pg/mL (27 fM) for N protein detection independent of the analog or digital readout, which is approximately 3 orders of magnitude more sensitive than conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays or commercial lateral flow assays for home testing. In the case of SARS-CoV-2, the digital ULISA additionally improved the LOD by a factor of 10 compared to the analog readout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian C Brandmeier
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.,Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Natalia Jurga
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Rare Earths, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, 61614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Tomasz Grzyb
- Department of Rare Earths, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, 61614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Antonín Hlaváček
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Radka Obořilová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Skládal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.,CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Farka
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.,CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hans H Gorris
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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6
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Assessing the reproducibility and up-scaling of the synthesis of Er,Yb-doped NaYF 4-based upconverting nanoparticles and control of size, morphology, and optical properties. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2288. [PMID: 36759652 PMCID: PMC9911732 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28875-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lanthanide-based, spectrally shifting, and multi-color luminescent upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) have received much attention in the last decades because of their applicability as reporter for bioimaging, super-resolution microscopy, and sensing as well as barcoding and anti-counterfeiting tags. A prerequisite for the broad application of UCNPs in areas such as sensing and encoding are simple, robust, and easily upscalable synthesis protocols that yield large quantities of UCNPs with sizes of 20 nm or more with precisely controlled and tunable physicochemical properties from low-cost reagents with a high reproducibility. In this context, we studied the reproducibility, robustness, and upscalability of the synthesis of β-NaYF4:Yb, Er UCNPs via thermal decomposition. Reaction parameters included solvent, precursor chemical compositions, ratio, and concentration. The resulting UCNPs were then examined regarding their application-relevant physicochemical properties such as size, size distribution, morphology, crystal phase, chemical composition, and photoluminescence. Based on these screening studies, we propose a small volume and high-concentration synthesis approach that can provide UCNPs with different, yet controlled size, an excellent phase purity and tunable morphology in batch sizes of up to at least 5 g which are well suited for the fabrication of sensors, printable barcodes or authentication and recycling tags.
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7
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Bartusik-Aebisher D, Mielnik M, Cieślar G, Chodurek E, Kawczyk-Krupka A, Aebisher D. Photon Upconversion in Small Molecules. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185874. [PMID: 36144609 PMCID: PMC9502815 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Upconversion (UC) is a process that describes the emission of shorter-wavelength light compared to that of the excitation source. Thus, UC is also referred to as anti-Stokes emission because the excitation wavelength is longer than the emission wavelength. UC materials are used in many fields, from electronics to medicine. The objective of using UC in medical research is to synthesize upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) composed of a lanthanide core with a coating of adsorbed dye that will generate fluorescence after excitation with near-infrared light to illuminate deep tissue. Emission occurs in the visible and UV range, and excitation mainly in the near-infrared spectrum. UC is observed for lanthanide ions due to the arrangement of their energy levels resulting from f-f electronic transitions. Organic compounds and transition metal ions are also able to form the UC process. Biocompatible UCNPs are designed to absorb infrared light and emit visible light in the UC process. Fluorescent dyes are adsorbed to UCNPs and employed in PDT to achieve deeper tissue effects upon irradiation with infrared light. Fluorescent UCNPs afford selectivity as they may be activated only by illumination of an area of diseased tissue, such as a tumor, with infrared light and are by themselves atoxic in the absence of infrared light. UCNP constructs can be monitored as to their location in the body and uptake by cancer cells, aiding in evaluation of exact doses required to treat the targeted cancer. In this paper, we review current research in UC studies and UCNP development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher
- Department of Biochemistry and General Chemistry, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Mateusz Mielnik
- English Division Science Club, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Cieślar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology, and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Ewa Chodurek
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kawczyk-Krupka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology, and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.K.-K.); (D.A.)
| | - David Aebisher
- Department of Photomedicine and Physical Chemistry, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.K.-K.); (D.A.)
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8
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Hlaváček A, Farka Z, Mickert MJ, Kostiv U, Brandmeier JC, Horák D, Skládal P, Foret F, Gorris HH. Bioconjugates of photon-upconversion nanoparticles for cancer biomarker detection and imaging. Nat Protoc 2022; 17:1028-1072. [PMID: 35181766 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-021-00670-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The detection of cancer biomarkers in histological samples and blood is of paramount importance for clinical diagnosis. Current methods are limited in terms of sensitivity, hindering early detection of disease. We have overcome the shortcomings of currently available staining and fluorescence labeling methods by taking an integrative approach to establish photon-upconversion nanoparticles (UCNP) as a powerful platform for cancer detection. These nanoparticles are readily synthesized in different sizes to yield efficient and tunable short-wavelength light emission under near-infrared excitation, which eliminates optical background interference of the specimen. Here we present a protocol for the synthesis of UCNPs by high-temperature co-precipitation or seed-mediated growth by thermal decomposition, surface modification by silica or poly(ethylene glycol) that renders the particles resistant to nonspecific binding, and the conjugation of streptavidin or antibodies for biological detection. To detect blood-based biomarkers, we present an upconversion-linked immunosorbent assay for the analog and digital detection of the cancer marker prostate-specific antigen. When applied to immunocytochemistry analysis, UCNPs enable the detection of the breast cancer marker human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 with a signal-to-background ratio 50-fold higher than conventional fluorescent labels. UCNP synthesis takes 4.5 d, the preparation of the antibody-silica-UCNP conjugate takes 3 d, the streptavidin-poly(ethylene glycol)-UCNP conjugate takes 2-3 weeks, upconversion-linked immunosorbent assay takes 2-4 d and immunocytochemistry takes 8-10 h. The procedures can be performed after standard laboratory training in nanomaterials research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonín Hlaváček
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Zdeněk Farka
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic. .,CEITEC MU, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | | | - Uliana Kostiv
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Julian C Brandmeier
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Horák
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Skládal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,CEITEC MU, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - František Foret
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hans H Gorris
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
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9
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Quintanilla M, Hemmer E, Marques-Hueso J, Rohani S, Lucchini G, Wang M, Zamani RR, Roddatis V, Speghini A, Richards BS, Vetrone F. Cubic versus hexagonal - phase, size and morphology effects on the photoluminescence quantum yield of NaGdF 4:Er 3+/Yb 3+ upconverting nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:1492-1504. [PMID: 35024718 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr06319g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) are well-known for their capacity to convert near-infrared light into UV/visible light, benefitting various applications where light triggering is required. At the nanoscale, loss of luminescence intensity is observed and thus, a decrease in photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), usually ascribed to surface quenching. We evaluate this by measuring the PLQY of NaGdF4:Er3+,Yb3+ UCNPs as a function of size (ca. 15 to 100 nm) and shape (spheres, cubes, hexagons). Our results show that the PLQY of α-phase NaGdF4 Er3+,Yb3+ surpasses that of β-NaGdF4 for sizes below 20 nm, an observation related to distortion of the crystal lattice when the UCNPs become smaller. The present study also underlines that particle shape must not be neglected as a relevant parameter for PLQY. In fact, based on a mathematical nucleus/hull volumetric model, shape was found to be particularly relevant in the 20 to 60 nm size range of the investigated UCNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Quintanilla
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications (INRS - EMT), Université du Québec, 1650 Boul. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC, J3X 1P7, Canada.
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Materials Physics Department, Avda. Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Eva Hemmer
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications (INRS - EMT), Université du Québec, 1650 Boul. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC, J3X 1P7, Canada.
- University of Ottawa, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, 10 Marie-Curie, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Jose Marques-Hueso
- Heriot-Watt University, Institute of Sensors, Signals and Systems, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS Scotland, UK
| | - Shadi Rohani
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications (INRS - EMT), Université du Québec, 1650 Boul. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC, J3X 1P7, Canada.
| | - Giacomo Lucchini
- Nanomaterials Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona and INSTM, RU of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, I-37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Miao Wang
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications (INRS - EMT), Université du Québec, 1650 Boul. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC, J3X 1P7, Canada.
| | - Reza R Zamani
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, IV. Physikalisches Institut, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Vladimir Roddatis
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Institut für Materialphysik, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Adolfo Speghini
- Nanomaterials Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona and INSTM, RU of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, I-37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Bryce S Richards
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Microstructure Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Light Technology Institute, Engesserstrasse 13, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Fiorenzo Vetrone
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications (INRS - EMT), Université du Québec, 1650 Boul. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC, J3X 1P7, Canada.
- Centre Québécois sur les Matériaux Fonctionnels (CQMF)/Québec Centre for Advanced Materials (QCAM), INRS - EMT, Varennes, QC, J3X 1P7, Canada
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10
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Jurga N, Przybylska D, Kamiński P, Tymiński A, Grześkowiak BF, Grzyb T. Influence of the synthesis route on the spectroscopic, cytotoxic, and temperature-sensing properties of oleate-capped and ligand-free core/shell nanoparticles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 606:1421-1434. [PMID: 34492477 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.08.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The right choice of synthesis route for upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) is crucial for obtaining a well-defined product with a specific application capability. Thus we decided to compare the physicochemical, cytotoxic, and temperature-sensing properties of UCNPs obtained from different rare earth (RE) ions, which has been made for the first time in a single study. The core/shell NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+/NaYF4 UCNPs were obtained by reaction in a mixture of oleic acid and octadecene, and their highly stable water colloids were prepared using the ligand-free modification method. Both oleate-capped and ligand-free UCNPs exhibited a bright upconversion emission upon 975 nm excitation. Moreover, slope values, emission quantum yields, and luminescence lifetimes confirmed an effective energy transfer between the Yb3+ and Er3+ ions. Additionally, the water colloids of the UCNPs showed temperature-sensing properties with a good thermal sensitivity level, higher than 1 % K-1 at 358 K. Evaluation of the cytotoxicity profiles of the obtained products indicated that cell viability was decreased in a dose-dependent manner in the analyzed concentration range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Jurga
- Department of Rare Earths, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, Poznań 61-614, Poland.
| | - Dominika Przybylska
- Department of Rare Earths, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, Poznań 61-614, Poland.
| | - Piotr Kamiński
- Department of Rare Earths, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, Poznań 61-614, Poland.
| | - Artur Tymiński
- Department of Rare Earths, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, Poznań 61-614, Poland.
| | - Bartosz F Grześkowiak
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, Poznań 61-614, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Grzyb
- Department of Rare Earths, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, Poznań 61-614, Poland.
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11
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López de Guereñu A, Klier DT, Haubitz T, Kumke MU. Influence of Gd 3+ doping concentration on the properties of Na(Y,Gd)F 4:Yb 3+, Tm 3+ upconverting nanoparticles and their long-term aging behavior. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2022; 21:235-245. [PMID: 35001348 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-021-00161-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We present a systematic study on the properties of Na(Y,Gd)F4-based upconverting nanoparticles (UCNP) doped with 18% Yb3+, 2% Tm3+, and the influence of Gd3+ (10-50 mol% Gd3+). UCNP were synthesized via the solvothermal method and had a range of diameters within 13 and 50 nm. Structural and photophysical changes were monitored for the UCNP samples after a 24-month incubation period in dry phase and further redispersion. Structural characterization was performed by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) as well as dynamic light scattering (DLS), and the upconversion luminescence (UCL) studies were executed at various temperatures (from 4 to 295 K) using time-resolved and steady-state spectroscopy. An increase in the hexagonal lattice phase with the increase of Gd3+ content was found, although the cubic phase was prevalent in most samples. The Tm3+-luminescence intensity as well as the Tm3+-luminescence decay times peaked at the Gd3+ concentration of 30 mol%. Although the general upconverting luminescence properties of the nanoparticles were preserved, the 24-month incubation period lead to irreversible agglomeration of the UCNP and changes in luminescence band ratios and lifetimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna López de Guereñu
- Institute of Chemistry (Optical Sensing and Spectroscopy), University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Dennis T Klier
- ORAFOL Europe GmbH, Orafolstraße 2, 16515, Oranienburg, Germany
| | - Toni Haubitz
- Institute of Chemistry (Optical Sensing and Spectroscopy), University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Michael U Kumke
- Institute of Chemistry (Optical Sensing and Spectroscopy), University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
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12
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Ferrera-González J, Francés-Soriano L, Estébanez N, Navarro-Raga E, González-Béjar M, Pérez-Prieto J. NIR laser scanning microscopy for photophysical characterization of upconversion nanoparticles and nanohybrids. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:10067-10080. [PMID: 34042932 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr00389e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Photophysical characterization of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and nanohybrids (UCNHs) is more challenging than that of down-conversion nanomaterials. Moreover, it is still difficult to gain knowledge about the homogeneity of the sample and colocalization of emissive chromophores and nanoparticles in nanohybrids. Near infrared laser scanning microscopy (NIR-LSM) is a well-known and useful imaging technique, which enables excitation in the NIR region and has been extensively applied to optical fluorescence imaging of organic fluorophores and nanomaterials, such as quantum dots, which exhibit a short-lived emission. NIR-LSM has recently been used to determine the empirical emission lifetime of UCNPs, thus extending its application range to nanomaterials with a long lifetime emission. Here, we review our previous findings and include new measurements and samples to fully address the potential of this technique. NIR-LSM has proved to be extraordinarily useful not only for photophysical characterization of UCNHs consisting of UCNPs capped with a fluorophore to easily visualize the occurrence of the resonance energy transfer process between the UCNH constituents and their homogeneity, but also to assess the colocalization of the fluorophore and the UCNP in the UCNH; all this information can be acquired on the micro-/nano-meter scale by just taking one image.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ferrera-González
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Departamento de Química Orgánica, University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain.
| | - Laura Francés-Soriano
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Departamento de Química Orgánica, University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain. and nanoFRET.com, Laboratoire COBRA (Chimie Organique, Bioorganique, Réactivité et Analyse), Université de Rouen Normandie, CNRS, INSA, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Nestor Estébanez
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Departamento de Química Orgánica, University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain.
| | - Enrique Navarro-Raga
- Servicio Central de Soporte a la Investigación Experimental (SCSIE). University of Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia 46100, Spain
| | - María González-Béjar
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Departamento de Química Orgánica, University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain.
| | - Julia Pérez-Prieto
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Departamento de Química Orgánica, University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain.
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13
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Peltomaa R, Benito-Peña E, Gorris HH, Moreno-Bondi MC. Biosensing based on upconversion nanoparticles for food quality and safety applications. Analyst 2021; 146:13-32. [PMID: 33205784 DOI: 10.1039/d0an01883j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Food safety and quality regulations inevitably call for sensitive and accurate analytical methods to detect harmful contaminants in food and to ensure safe food for the consumer. Both novel and well-established biorecognition elements, together with different transduction schemes, enable the simple and rapid analysis of various food contaminants. Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are inorganic nanocrystals that convert near-infrared light into shorter wavelength emission. This unique photophysical feature, along with narrow emission bandwidths and large anti-Stokes shift, render UCNPs excellent optical labels for biosensing because they can be detected without optical background interferences from the sample matrix. In this review, we show how this exciting technique has evolved into biosensing platforms for food quality and safety monitoring and highlight recent applications in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riikka Peltomaa
- Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland
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14
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Casar JR, McLellan CA, Siefe C, Dionne JA. Lanthanide-Based Nanosensors: Refining Nanoparticle Responsiveness for Single Particle Imaging of Stimuli. ACS PHOTONICS 2021; 8:3-17. [PMID: 34307765 PMCID: PMC8297747 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.0c00894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Lanthanide nanoparticles (LNPs) are promising sensors of chemical, mechanical, and temperature changes; they combine the narrow-spectral emission and long-lived excited states of individual lanthanide ions with the high spatial resolution and controlled energy transfer of nanocrystalline architectures. Despite considerable progress in optimizing LNP brightness and responsiveness for dynamic sensing, detection of stimuli with a spatial resolution approaching that of individual nanoparticles remains an outstanding challenge. Here, we highlight the existing capabilities and outstanding challenges of LNP sensors, en-route to nanometer-scale, single particle sensor resolution. First, we summarize LNP sensor read-outs, including changes in emission wavelength, lifetime, intensity, and spectral ratiometric values that arise from modified energy transfer networks within nanoparticles. Then, we describe the origins of LNP sensor imprecision, including sensitivity to competing conditions, interparticle heterogeneities, such as the concentration and distribution of dopant ions, and measurement noise. Motivated by these sources of signal variance, we describe synthesis characterization feedback loops to inform and improve sensor precision, and introduce noise-equivalent sensitivity as a figure of merit of LNP sensors. Finally, we project the magnitudes of chemical and pressure stimulus resolution achievable with single LNPs at nanoscale resolution. Our perspective provides a roadmap for translating ensemble LNP sensing capabilities to the single particle level, enabling nanometer-scale sensing in biology, medicine, and sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason R Casar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Claire A McLellan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Chris Siefe
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jennifer A Dionne
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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15
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Mahmoudi T, Pourhassan-Moghaddam M, Shirdel B, Baradaran B, Morales-Narváez E, Golmohammadi H. (Nano)tag-antibody conjugates in rapid tests. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:5414-5438. [PMID: 34143173 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00571e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Antibodies (Abs) are naturally derived materials with favorable affinity, selectivity, and fast binding kinetics to the respective antigens, which enables their application as promising recognition elements in the development of various types of biosensors/bioassays, especially in rapid tests. These tests are low-cost and easy-to-use biosensing devices with broad applications including medical or veterinary diagnostics, environmental monitoring and industrial usages such as safety and quality analysis in food, providing on-site quick monitoring of various analytes, making it possible to save analysis costs and time. To reach such features, the conjugation of Abs with various nanomaterials (NMs) as tags is necessary, which range from conventional gold nanoparticles to other nanoparticles recently introduced, where magnetic, plasmonic, photoluminescent, or multi-modal properties play a critical role in the overall performance of the analytical device. In this context, to preserve the Ab affinity and provide a rapid response with long-term storage capability, the use of efficient bio-conjugation techniques is critical. Thanks to their prominent role in rapid tests, many studies have been devoted to the design and development of Abs-NMs conjugates with various chemistries including passive adsorption, covalent coupling, and affinity interactions. In this review, we present the state-of-the-art techniques allowing various Ab-NM conjugates with a special focus on the efficiency of the developed probes to be employed in in vitro rapid tests. Challenges and future perspectives on the development of Ab-conjugated nanotags in rapid diagnostic tests are highlighted along with a survey of the progress in commercially available Ab-NM conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tohid Mahmoudi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Pourhassan-Moghaddam
- ARC Research Hub for Integrated Device for End-user Analysis at Low-levels (IDEAL), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Behnaz Shirdel
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Eden Morales-Narváez
- Biophotonic Nanosensors Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones en Óptica, A. C. Loma del Bosque 115, Lomas del Campestre, 37150 León, Guanajuato, Mexico.
| | - Hamed Golmohammadi
- Nanosensors Bioplatforms Laboratory, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, 14335-186, Tehran, Iran.
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Kostiv U, Kučka J, Lobaz V, Kotov N, Janoušková O, Šlouf M, Krajnik B, Podhorodecki A, Francová P, Šefc L, Jirák D, Horák D. Highly colloidally stable trimodal 125I-radiolabeled PEG-neridronate-coated upconversion/magnetic bioimaging nanoprobes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20016. [PMID: 33208804 PMCID: PMC7675969 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77112-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
"All-in-one" multifunctional nanomaterials, which can be visualized simultaneously by several imaging techniques, are required for the efficient diagnosis and treatment of many serious diseases. This report addresses the design and synthesis of upconversion magnetic NaGdF4:Yb3+/Er3+(Tm3+) nanoparticles by an oleic acid-stabilized high-temperature coprecipitation of lanthanide precursors in octadec-1-ene. The nanoparticles, which emit visible or UV light under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, were modified by in-house synthesized PEG-neridronate to facilitate their dispersibility and colloidal stability in water and bioanalytically relevant phosphate buffered saline (PBS). The cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles was determined using HeLa cells and human fibroblasts (HF). Subsequently, the particles were modified by Bolton-Hunter-neridronate and radiolabeled by 125I to monitor their biodistribution in mice using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The upconversion and the paramagnetic properties of the NaGdF4:Yb3+/Er3+(Tm3+)@PEG nanoparticles were evaluated by photoluminescence, magnetic resonance (MR) relaxometry, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with 1 T and 4.7 T preclinical scanners. MRI data were obtained on phantoms with different particle concentrations and during pilot long-time in vivo observations of a mouse model. The biological and physicochemical properties of the NaGdF4:Yb3+/Er3+(Tm3+)@PEG nanoparticles make them promising as a trimodal optical/MRI/SPECT bioimaging and theranostic nanoprobe for experimental medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uliana Kostiv
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kučka
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Volodymyr Lobaz
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Nikolay Kotov
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Janoušková
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Šlouf
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Bartosz Krajnik
- Department of Experimental Physics, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Artur Podhorodecki
- Department of Experimental Physics, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Pavla Francová
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Salmovská 3, 120 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Luděk Šefc
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Salmovská 3, 120 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Jirák
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958/9, 140 21, Prague 4, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biophysics and Informatics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Salmovská 1, 120 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Horák
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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17
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Saleh MI, Rühle B, Wang S, Radnik J, You Y, Resch-Genger U. Assessing the protective effects of different surface coatings on NaYF 4:Yb 3+, Er 3+ upconverting nanoparticles in buffer and DMEM. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19318. [PMID: 33168848 PMCID: PMC7652843 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76116-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied the dissolution behavior of β NaYF4:Yb(20%), Er(2%) UCNP of two different sizes in biologically relevant media i.e., water (neutral pH), phosphate buffered saline (PBS), and Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM) at different temperatures and particle concentrations. Special emphasis was dedicated to assess the influence of different surface functionalizations, particularly the potential of mesoporous and microporous silica shells of different thicknesses for UCNP stabilization and protection. Dissolution was quantified electrochemically using a fluoride ion selective electrode (ISE) and by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES). In addition, dissolution was monitored fluorometrically. These experiments revealed that a thick microporous silica shell drastically decreased dissolution. Our results also underline the critical influence of the chemical composition of the aqueous environment on UCNP dissolution. In DMEM, we observed the formation of a layer of adsorbed molecules on the UCNP surface that protected the UCNP from dissolution and enhanced their fluorescence. Examination of this layer by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and mass spectrometry (MS) suggested that mainly phenylalanine, lysine, and glucose are adsorbed from DMEM. These findings should be considered in the future for cellular toxicity studies with UCNP and other nanoparticles and the design of new biocompatible surface coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysoon I Saleh
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Division 1.2 Biophotonics, Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany.,Institut Für Chemie Und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bastian Rühle
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Division 1.2 Biophotonics, Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Shu Wang
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Division 1.2 Biophotonics, Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany.,Institut Für Chemie Und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Radnik
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Division 6.1, Unter den Eichen 44-46, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yi You
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Division 6.3, structural analysis, Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Division 1.2 Biophotonics, Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
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18
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Charpentier C, Cifliku V, Goetz J, Nonat A, Cheignon C, Cardoso Dos Santos M, Francés‐Soriano L, Wong K, Charbonnière LJ, Hildebrandt N. Ultrabright Terbium Nanoparticles for FRET Biosensing and in Situ Imaging of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors**. Chemistry 2020; 26:14602-14611. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cyrille Charpentier
- Equipe de synthèse pour l'analyse (SynPA), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), UMR 7178, CNRS Université de Strasbourg 67087 Strasbourg Cedex France
| | - Vjona Cifliku
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC) Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CEA 91405 Orsay Cedex France
- nanoFRET.com Laboratoire COBRA (Chimie Organique, Bioorganique, Réactivité et Analyse) Université de Rouen Normandie, CNRS, INSA 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex France
| | - Joan Goetz
- Equipe de synthèse pour l'analyse (SynPA), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), UMR 7178, CNRS Université de Strasbourg 67087 Strasbourg Cedex France
- Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Aline Nonat
- Equipe de synthèse pour l'analyse (SynPA), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), UMR 7178, CNRS Université de Strasbourg 67087 Strasbourg Cedex France
| | - Clémence Cheignon
- Equipe de synthèse pour l'analyse (SynPA), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), UMR 7178, CNRS Université de Strasbourg 67087 Strasbourg Cedex France
| | - Marcelina Cardoso Dos Santos
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC) Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CEA 91405 Orsay Cedex France
| | - Laura Francés‐Soriano
- nanoFRET.com Laboratoire COBRA (Chimie Organique, Bioorganique, Réactivité et Analyse) Université de Rouen Normandie, CNRS, INSA 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex France
| | - Ka‐Leung Wong
- Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Loïc J. Charbonnière
- Equipe de synthèse pour l'analyse (SynPA), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), UMR 7178, CNRS Université de Strasbourg 67087 Strasbourg Cedex France
| | - Niko Hildebrandt
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC) Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CEA 91405 Orsay Cedex France
- nanoFRET.com Laboratoire COBRA (Chimie Organique, Bioorganique, Réactivité et Analyse) Université de Rouen Normandie, CNRS, INSA 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex France
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19
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Nanoparticles as labels of specific-recognition reactions for the determination of biomolecules by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1128:251-268. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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20
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Farka Z, Mickert MJ, Pastucha M, Mikušová Z, Skládal P, Gorris HH. Fortschritte in der optischen Einzelmoleküldetektion: Auf dem Weg zu höchstempfindlichen Bioaffinitätsassays. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201913924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zdeněk Farka
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk University 625 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Matthias J. Mickert
- Institut für Analytische Chemie, Chemo- und BiosensorikUniversität Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Matěj Pastucha
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk University 625 00 Brno Czech Republic
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of ScienceMasaryk University 625 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Mikušová
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk University 625 00 Brno Czech Republic
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of ScienceMasaryk University 625 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Petr Skládal
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk University 625 00 Brno Czech Republic
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of ScienceMasaryk University 625 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Hans H. Gorris
- Institut für Analytische Chemie, Chemo- und BiosensorikUniversität Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
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21
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Farka Z, Mickert MJ, Pastucha M, Mikušová Z, Skládal P, Gorris HH. Advances in Optical Single-Molecule Detection: En Route to Supersensitive Bioaffinity Assays. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:10746-10773. [PMID: 31869502 PMCID: PMC7318240 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201913924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The ability to detect low concentrations of analytes and in particular low-abundance biomarkers is of fundamental importance, e.g., for early-stage disease diagnosis. The prospect of reaching the ultimate limit of detection has driven the development of single-molecule bioaffinity assays. While many review articles have highlighted the potentials of single-molecule technologies for analytical and diagnostic applications, these technologies are not as widespread in real-world applications as one should expect. This Review provides a theoretical background on single-molecule-or better digital-assays to critically assess their potential compared to traditional analog assays. Selected examples from the literature include bioaffinity assays for the detection of biomolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, and viruses. The structure of the Review highlights the versatility of optical single-molecule labeling techniques, including enzymatic amplification, molecular labels, and innovative nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdeněk Farka
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk University625 00BrnoCzech Republic
| | - Matthias J. Mickert
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and BiosensorsUniversity of RegensburgUniversitätsstraße 3193040RegensburgGermany
| | - Matěj Pastucha
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk University625 00BrnoCzech Republic
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of ScienceMasaryk University625 00BrnoCzech Republic
| | - Zuzana Mikušová
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk University625 00BrnoCzech Republic
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of ScienceMasaryk University625 00BrnoCzech Republic
| | - Petr Skládal
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk University625 00BrnoCzech Republic
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of ScienceMasaryk University625 00BrnoCzech Republic
| | - Hans H. Gorris
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and BiosensorsUniversity of RegensburgUniversitätsstraße 3193040RegensburgGermany
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22
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Joshi T, Mamat C, Stephan H. Contemporary Synthesis of Ultrasmall (sub-10 nm) Upconverting Nanomaterials. ChemistryOpen 2020; 9:703-712. [PMID: 32547900 PMCID: PMC7290284 DOI: 10.1002/open.202000073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their unique photophysical properties, upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs), i. e. particles capable of converting near-infrared (NIR) photons into tunable emissions in the range of ultraviolet (UV) to NIR, have great potential for use in various biomedical fields such as bioimaging, photodynamic therapy and bioanalytical applications. As far as biomedical applications are concerned, these materials have a number of advantageous properties such as brilliant luminescence and exceptional photostability. Very small "stealth" particles (sub-10 nm), which can circulate in the body largely undetected by the immune system, are particularly important for in vivo use. The fabrication of such particles, which simultaneously have a defined (ultrasmall) size and the required optical properties, is a great challenge and an area that is in its infancy. This minireview provides a concise overview of recent developments on appropriate synthetic methodologies to produce such UCNPs. Particular attention was given to the influence of both surfactants and dopants used to precisely adjust size, crystalline phase and optical properties of UCNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmaya Joshi
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer ResearchHelmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-RossendorfBautzner Landstraße 400D 01328DresdenGermany
| | - Constantin Mamat
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer ResearchHelmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-RossendorfBautzner Landstraße 400D 01328DresdenGermany
| | - Holger Stephan
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer ResearchHelmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-RossendorfBautzner Landstraße 400D 01328DresdenGermany
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23
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Tan M, Monks MJ, Huang D, Meng Y, Chen X, Zhou Y, Lim SF, Würth C, Resch-Genger U, Chen G. Efficient sub-15 nm cubic-phase core/shell upconversion nanoparticles as reporters for ensemble and single particle studies. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:10592-10599. [PMID: 32373869 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr02172e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Single particle imaging of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) has typically been realized using hexagonal (β) phase lanthanide-doped sodium yttrium fluoride (NaYF4) materials, the upconversion luminescence (UCL) of which saturates at power densities (P) of several hundred W cm-2 under 980 nm near-infrared (NIR) excitation. Cubic (α) phase UCNPs have been mostly neglected because of their commonly observed lower UCL efficiency at comparable P in ensemble level studies. Here, we describe a set of sub-15 nm ytterbium-enriched α-NaYbF4:Er3+@CaF2 core/shell UCNPs doped with varying Er3+ concentrations (5-25%), studied over a wide P range of ∼8-105 W cm-2, which emit intense UCL even at a low P of 10 W cm-2 and also saturate at relatively low P. The highest upconversion quantum yield (ΦUC) and the highest particle brightness were obtained for an Er3+ dopant concentration of 12%, reaching the highest ΦUC of 0.77% at a saturation power density (Psat) of 110 W cm-2. These 12%Er3+-doped core/shell UCNPs were also the brightest UCNPs among this series under microscopic conditions at high P of ∼102-105 W cm-2 as demonstrated by imaging studies at the single particle level. Our results underline the potential applicability of the described sub-15 nm cubic-phase core/shell UCNPs for ensemble- and single particle-level bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Tan
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001 Harbin, People's Republic of China.
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Cheng Z, Lin H, Liu T, Li Y, Yang S, Zhang Y. A novel one-pot strategy to rapidly synthesize bright red emitting upconversion nanocrystals with core–shell–shell structure. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01320j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
By growing NaYbF4 and NaYF4 on β-NaErF4:0.005Tm in one pot, the upconversion intensity was tremendously enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Hao Lin
- School of Physics and Materials Science
- Guangzhou University/The Research Center for Advanced Information Materials
- Huangpu Research & Graduate School of Guangzhou University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Tong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Yongjin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Shenghong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Yueli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
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25
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Kembuan C, Saleh M, Rühle B, Resch-Genger U, Graf C. Coating of upconversion nanoparticles with silica nanoshells of 5-250 nm thickness. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 10:2410-2421. [PMID: 31921519 PMCID: PMC6941407 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.10.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A concept for the growth of silica shells with a thickness of 5-250 nm onto oleate-coated NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+ upconversion nanoparticles (UCNP) is presented. The concept enables the precise adjustment of shell thicknesses for the preparation of thick-shelled nanoparticles for applications in plasmonics and sensing. First, an initial 5-11 nm thick shell is grown onto the UCNPs in a reverse microemulsion. This is followed by a stepwise growth of these particles without a purification step, where in each step equal volumes of tetraethyl orthosilicate and ammonia water are added, while the volumes of cyclohexane and the surfactant Igepal® CO-520 are increased so that the ammonia water and surfactant concentrations remain constant. Hence, the number of micelles stays constant, and their size is increased to accommodate the growing core-shell particles. Consequently, the formation of core-free silica particles is suppressed. When the negative zeta potential of the particles, which continuously decreased during the stepwise growth, falls below -40 mV, the particles can be dispersed in an ammoniacal ethanol solution and grown further by the continuous addition of tetraethyl orthosilicate to a diameter larger than 500 nm. Due to the high colloidal stability, a coalescence of the particles can be suppressed, and single-core particles are obtained. This strategy can be easily transferred to other nanomaterials for the design of plasmonic nanoconstructs and sensor systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Kembuan
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maysoon Saleh
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bastian Rühle
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Graf
- Hochschule Darmstadt - University of Applied Sciences, Fachbereich Chemie- und Biotechnologie, Stephanstr. 7, D-64295 Darmstadt, Germany
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Xiao M, Lai W, Man T, Chang B, Li L, Chandrasekaran AR, Pei H. Rationally Engineered Nucleic Acid Architectures for Biosensing Applications. Chem Rev 2019; 119:11631-11717. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingshu Xiao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Wei Lai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Tiantian Man
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Binbin Chang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Li Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Arun Richard Chandrasekaran
- The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Hao Pei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
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Meijer M, Talens VS, Hilbers M, Kieltyka RE, Brouwer AM, Natile MM, Bonnet S. NIR-Light-Driven Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species Using Ru(II)-Decorated Lipid-Encapsulated Upconverting Nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:12079-12090. [PMID: 31389710 PMCID: PMC6753655 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The biological application of ruthenium anticancer prodrugs for photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photoactivated chemotherapy (PACT) is restricted by the need to use poorly penetrating high-energy photons for their activation, i.e., typically blue or green light. Upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs), which produce high-energy light under near-infrared (NIR) excitation, may solve this issue, provided that the coupling between the UCNP surface and the Ru prodrug is optimized to produce stable nanoconjugates with efficient energy transfer from the UCNP to the ruthenium complex. Herein, we report on the synthesis and photochemistry of the two structurally related ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes [Ru(bpy)2(5)](PF6)2 ([1](PF6)2) and [Ru(bpy)2(6)](PF6)2 ([2](PF6)2), where bpy = 2,2-bipyridine, 5 is 5,6-bis(dodecyloxy)-2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline, and 6 is 5,6-bis(dodecyloxy)-1,10-phenanthroline. [1](PF6)2 is photolabile as a result of the steric strain induced by ligand 5, but the irradiation of [1](PF6)2 in solution leads to the nonselective and slow photosubstitution of one of its three ligands, making it a poor PACT compound. On the other hand, [2](PF6)2 is an efficient and photostable PDT photosensitizer. The water-dispersible, negatively charged nanoconjugate UCNP@lipid/[2] was prepared by the encapsulation of 44 nm diameter NaYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+ UCNPs in a mixture of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine phospholipids, cholesterol, and the amphiphilic complex [2](PF6)2. A nonradiative energy transfer efficiency of 12% between the Tm3+ ions in the UCNP and the Ru2+ acceptor [2]2+ was found using time-resolved emission spectroscopy. Under irradiation with NIR light (969 nm), UCNP@lipid/[2] was found to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), as judged by the oxidation of the nonspecific ROS probe 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein (DCFH2-). Determination of the type of ROS produced was precluded by the negative surface charge of the nanoconjugate, which resulted in the electrostatic repulsion of the more specific but also negatively charged 1O2 probe tetrasodium 9,10-anthracenediyl-bis(methylene)dimalonate (Na4(ADMBMA)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael
S. Meijer
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Victorio Saez Talens
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel
F. Hilbers
- Van’t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University
of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94157, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roxanne E. Kieltyka
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Albert M. Brouwer
- Van’t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University
of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94157, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marta M. Natile
- Institute
of Condensed Matter Chemistry and Technologies for Energy (ICMATE),
National Research Council (CNR), c/o Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
- E-mail: (M.M.N.)
| | - Sylvestre Bonnet
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
- E-mail: (S.B.)
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Gvozdev DA, Lukashev EP, Gorokhov VV, Pashchenko VZ. Photophysical Properties of Upconverting Nanoparticle-Phthalocyanine Complexes. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2019; 84:911-922. [PMID: 31522673 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297919080078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Interaction between upconverting nanoparticles and aluminum octacarboxyphthalocyanine was studied. The efficiency of non-radiative energy transfer from the nanoparticles to phthalocyanine increased with the number of phthalocyanine molecules adsorbed on the nanoparticle, but only up to a certain limit. Further increase in the phthalocyanine concentration resulted in a decrease of its sensitized fluorescence due to the dimerization of dye molecules on the nanoparticle surface. When subjected to infrared irradiation, phthalocyanine molecules in the hybrid complex generated singlet oxygen. The observed effects are of interest in regard to the targeted search for new components of efficient third-generation hybrid photosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Gvozdev
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - E P Lukashev
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - V V Gorokhov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - V Z Pashchenko
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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Wiesholler LM, Frenzel F, Grauel B, Würth C, Resch-Genger U, Hirsch T. Yb,Nd,Er-doped upconversion nanoparticles: 980 nm versus 808 nm excitation. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:13440-13449. [PMID: 31287476 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr03127h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Yb,Nd,Er-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have attracted considerable interest as luminescent reporters for bioimaging, sensing, energy conversion/shaping, and anticounterfeiting due to their capability to convert multiple near-infrared (NIR) photons into shorter wavelength ultraviolet, visible or NIR luminescence by successive absorption of two or more NIR photons. This enables optical measurements in complex media with very little background and high penetration depths for bioimaging. The use of Nd3+ as substitute for the commonly employed sensitizer Yb3+ or in combination with Yb3+ shifts the excitation wavelength from about 980 nm, where the absorption of water can weaken upconversion luminescence, to about 800 nm, and laser-induced local overheating effects in cells, tissue, and live animal studies can be minimized. To systematically investigate the potential of Nd3+ doping, we assessed the performance of a set of similarly sized Yb3+,Nd3+,Er3+-doped core- and core-shell UCNPs of different particle architecture in water at broadly varied excitation power densities (P) with steady state and time-resolved fluorometry for excitation at 980 nm and 808 nm. As a measure for UCNPs performance, the P-dependent upconversion quantum yield (ΦUC) and its saturation behavior were used as well as particle brightness (BUC). Based upon spectroscopic measurements at both excitation wavelengths in water and in a lipid phantom and BUC-based calculations of signal size at different penetration depths, conditions under which excitation at 808 nm is advantageous are derived and parameters for the further optimization of triple-doped UCNPs are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Wiesholler
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, 93040 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Florian Frenzel
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Division 1.10 Biophotonics, 12489 Berlin, Germany. and WG Nanooptics, Institute for Physics, Humboldt-University Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bettina Grauel
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Division 1.10 Biophotonics, 12489 Berlin, Germany. and WG Nanooptics, Institute for Physics, Humboldt-University Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Würth
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Division 1.10 Biophotonics, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Division 1.10 Biophotonics, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Thomas Hirsch
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, 93040 Regensburg, Germany.
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30
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Gorris HH, Soukka T, Bednarkiewicz A, Pérez-Prieto J, Hildebrandt N. A new forum for upconversion research: the UPCON conference. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2019; 7:030201. [PMID: 31181562 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ab283b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The Conference and Spring School on Properties, Design and Applications of Upconversion Nanomaterials (UPCON) provides a new forum for all experts and newcomers in the field of upconversion research. On the occasion of the second UPCON 2018 in Valencia (Spain), we are pleased to present a collection of 12 reviews and research articles that reflect recent advances in upconversion materials, their unique luminescent properties and many applications spanning from nanoscale thermometry to biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans H Gorris
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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31
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Thang DC, Wang Z, Lu X, Xing B. Precise cell behaviors manipulation through light-responsive nano-regulators: recent advance and perspective. Theranostics 2019; 9:3308-3340. [PMID: 31244956 PMCID: PMC6567964 DOI: 10.7150/thno.33888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology-assisted spatiotemporal manipulation of biological events holds great promise in advancing the practice of precision medicine in healthcare systems. The progress in internal and/or external stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms for highly specific cellular regulations and theranostic controls offer potential clinical translations of the revolutionized nanomedicine. To successfully implement this new paradigm, the emerging light-responsive nanoregulators with unparalleled precise cell functions manipulation have gained intensive attention, providing UV-Vis light-triggered photocleavage or photoisomerization studies, as well as near-infrared (NIR) light-mediated deep-tissue applications for stimulating cellular signal cascades and treatment of mortal diseases. This review discusses current developments of light-activatable nanoplatforms for modulations of various cellular events including neuromodulations, stem cell monitoring, immunomanipulation, cancer therapy, and other biological target intervention. In summary, the propagation of light-controlled nanomedicine would place a bright prospect for future medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Cong Thang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Zhimin Wang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Xiaoling Lu
- International Nanobody Research Center of Guangxi, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Bengang Xing
- Sino-Singapore International Joint Research Institute (SSIJRI), Guangzhou 510000, China
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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32
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Radunz S, Andresen E, Würth C, Koerdt A, Tschiche HR, Resch-Genger U. Simple Self-Referenced Luminescent pH Sensors Based on Upconversion Nanocrystals and pH-Sensitive Fluorescent BODIPY Dyes. Anal Chem 2019; 91:7756-7764. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Radunz
- Division Biophotonics, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Elina Andresen
- Division Biophotonics, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Würth
- Division Biophotonics, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Koerdt
- Division Biophotonics, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Harald Rune Tschiche
- Division Biophotonics, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Department 7, BfR German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Division Biophotonics, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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33
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Andresen E, Resch-Genger U, Schäferling M. Surface Modifications for Photon-Upconversion-Based Energy-Transfer Nanoprobes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:5093-5113. [PMID: 30870593 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
An emerging class of inorganic optical reporters are near-infrared (NIR) excitable lanthanide-based upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) with multicolor emission and long luminescence lifetimes in the range of several hundred microseconds. For the design of chemical sensors and optical probes that reveal analyte-specific changes in their spectroscopic properties, these nanomaterials must be combined with sensitive indicator dyes that change their absorption and/or fluorescence properties selectively upon interaction with their target analyte, utilizing either resonance energy transfer (RET) processes or reabsorption-related inner filter effects. The rational development of UCNP-based nanoprobes for chemical sensing and imaging in a biological environment requires reliable methods for the surface functionalization of UCNPs, the analysis and quantification of surface groups, a high colloidal stability of UCNPs in aqueous media as well as the chemically stable attachment of the indicator molecules, and suitable instrumentation for the spectroscopic characterization of the energy-transfer systems and the derived nanosensors. These topics are highlighted in the following feature article, and examples of functionalized core-shell nanoprobes for the sensing of different biologically relevant analytes in aqueous environments will be presented. Special emphasis is placed on the intracellular sensing of pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Andresen
- BAM Federal Institute of Materials Research and Testing, Biophotonics Division, Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11 , D-12489 Berlin , Germany
- Department of Chemistry , Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 , D-12489 Berlin , Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- BAM Federal Institute of Materials Research and Testing, Biophotonics Division, Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11 , D-12489 Berlin , Germany
| | - Michael Schäferling
- Münster University of Applied Sciences, Department of Chemical Engineering, Stegerwaldstr. 39 , D-48565 Steinfurt , Germany
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34
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Himmelstoß SF, Hirsch T. A critical comparison of lanthanide based upconversion nanoparticles to fluorescent proteins, semiconductor quantum dots, and carbon dots for use in optical sensing and imaging. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2019; 7:022002. [PMID: 30822759 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ab0bfa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The right choice of a fluorescent probe is essential for successful luminescence imaging and sensing and especially concerning in vivo and in vitro applications, the development of new classes have gained more and more attention in the last years. One of the most promising class are upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs)-inorganic nanocrystals capable to convert near-infrared light in high energy radiation. In this review we will compare UCNPs with other fluorescent probes in terms of (a) the optical properties of the probes, such as their brightness, photostability and excitation wavelength; (b) their chemical properties such as the dispersibility, stability under experimental or physiological conditions, availability of chemical modification strategies for labelling; and (c) the potential toxicity and biocompatibility of the probe. Thereby we want to provide a better understanding of the advantages and drawbacks of UCNPs and address future challenges in the design of the nanocrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandy F Himmelstoß
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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35
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del Rosal B, Jaque D. Upconversion nanoparticles for in vivo applications: limitations and future perspectives. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2019; 7:022001. [DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ab029f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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36
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Mello GPC, Simões EFC, Crista DMA, Leitão JMM, Pinto da Silva L, Esteves da Silva JCG. Glucose Sensing by Fluorescent Nanomaterials. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2019; 49:542-552. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2019.1565984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme P. C. Mello
- Chemistry Research Unit (CIQ-UP), Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eliana F. C. Simões
- Chemistry Research Unit (CIQ-UP), Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Coimbra, Polo das Ciências da Saúde, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Diana M. A. Crista
- Chemistry Research Unit (CIQ-UP), Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João M. M. Leitão
- Chemistry Research Unit (CIQ-UP), Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Coimbra, Polo das Ciências da Saúde, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís Pinto da Silva
- Chemistry Research Unit (CIQ-UP), Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- LACOMEPHI, GreenUPorto, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joaquim C. G. Esteves da Silva
- Chemistry Research Unit (CIQ-UP), Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- LACOMEPHI, GreenUPorto, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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37
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Wawrzyńczyk D, Bazylińska U, Lamch Ł, Kulbacka J, Szewczyk A, Bednarkiewicz A, Wilk KA, Samoć M. Förster Resonance Energy Transfer-Activated Processes in Smart Nanotheranostics Fabricated in a Sustainable Manner. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:706-719. [PMID: 30134014 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201801441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Multilayer nanocarriers loaded with optically activated payloads are gaining increasing attention due to their anticipated crucial role for providing new mechanisms of energy transfers in the health-oriented applications, as well as for energy storage and environmental protection. The combination of careful selection of optical components for efficient Förster resonance energy transfer, and surface engineering of the nanocarriers, allowed us to synthesize and characterize novel theranostic nanosystems for diagnosis and therapy of deep-seated tumors. The cargo, constrained within the oil core of the nanocapsules, composed of NaYF4 :Tm+3 , Yb+3 up-converting nanoparticles together with a second-generation porphyrin-based photosensitizing agent-Verteporfin, assured requisite diagnostic and therapeutic functions under near-IR laser excitation. The outer polyaminoacid shell of the nanocapsules was functionalized with a ligand-poly(l-glutamic acid) functionalized by PEG-ylated folic acid-to ensure both a "stealth" effect and active targeting towards human breast cancer cells. The preparation criteria of all nanocarrier building blocks meet the requirements for sustainable and green chemistry practices. The multifunctionality of the proposed nanocarriers is a consequence of both the surface-functionalized organic exterior part, which was accessible for selective accumulation in cancer cells, and the hydrophobic optically active interior, which shows phototoxicity upon irradiation within the first biological window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Wawrzyńczyk
- Advanced Materials Engineering and Modelling Group, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Urszula Bazylińska
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Lamch
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy with Division of Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Wrocław, Borowska 211A, 50-556, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Szewczyk
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy with Division of Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Wrocław, Borowska 211A, 50-556, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Kazimiera A Wilk
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marek Samoć
- Advanced Materials Engineering and Modelling Group, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
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38
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Kraft M, Würth C, Palo E, Soukka T, Resch-Genger U. Colour-optimized quantum yields of Yb, Tm Co-doped upconversion nanocrystals. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2019; 7:024001. [PMID: 30690440 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ab023b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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39
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Saleh MI, Panas ID, Frenzel F, Würth C, Rühle B, Slominskii YL, Demchenko A, Resch-Genger U. Sensitization of upconverting nanoparticles with a NIR-emissive cyanine dye using a micellar encapsulation approach. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2019; 7:014003. [DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/aafe1f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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40
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Milleville CC, Chen EY, Lennon KR, Cleveland JM, Kumar A, Zhang J, Bork JA, Tessier A, LeBeau JM, Chase DB, Zide JMO, Doty MF. Engineering Efficient Photon Upconversion in Semiconductor Heterostructures. ACS NANO 2019; 13:489-497. [PMID: 30576110 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b07062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Photon upconversion is a photophysical process in which two low-energy photons are converted into one high-energy photon. Photon upconversion has broad appeal for a range of applications from biomedical imaging and targeted drug release to solar energy harvesting. Current upconversion nanosystems, including lanthanide-doped nanocrystals and triplet-triplet annihilation molecules, have achieved upconversion quantum yields on the order of 10-30%. However, the performance of these materials is hampered by inherently narrow absorption cross sections and fixed energy levels originating in atomic, ionic, or molecular states. Semiconductors, on the other hand, have inherently wide absorption cross sections. Moreover, recent advances enable the synthesis of colloidal semiconductor nanoparticles with complex heterostructures that can control band alignments and tune optical properties. We synthesize and characterize a three-component heterostructure that successfully upconverts photons under continuous-wave illumination and solar-relevant photon fluxes. The heterostructure is composed of two cadmium selenide quantum dots (QDs), an absorber and emitter, spatially separated by a cadmium sulfide nanorod (NR). We demonstrate that the principles of semiconductor heterostructure engineering can be applied to engineer improved upconversion efficiency. We first eliminate electron trap states near the surface of the absorbing QD and then tailor the band gap of the NR such that charge carriers are funneled to the emitting QD. When combined, these two changes result in a 100-fold improvement in photon upconversion performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Abinash Kumar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina 27606 , United States
| | | | | | - Ansel Tessier
- The Tatnall School , Wilmington , Delaware 19807 , United States
| | - James M LeBeau
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina 27606 , United States
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41
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Mandl GA, Cooper DR, Hirsch T, Seuntjens J, Capobianco JA. Perspective: lanthanide-doped upconverting nanoparticles. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2019; 7:012004. [PMID: 30572318 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/aafa3d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In this perspective, we aim to present an overview of some important physical and chemical aspects of lanthanide-doped upconverting nanoparticle research to be considered, from synthesis considerations to bioapplications. To this end, we have reviewed several practical considerations and prepared several straightforward recommendations toward improved cohesion in the field, based on observed trends over the last decade of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle A Mandl
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, H4b 1R6, Canada
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42
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Oliveira H, Bednarkiewicz A, Falk A, Fröhlich E, Lisjak D, Prina‐Mello A, Resch S, Schimpel C, Vrček IV, Wysokińska E, Gorris HH. Critical Considerations on the Clinical Translation of Upconversion Nanoparticles (UCNPs): Recommendations from the European Upconversion Network (COST Action CM1403). Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801233. [PMID: 30536962 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The unique photoluminescent properties of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have attracted worldwide research interest and inspired many bioanalytical applications. The anti-Stokes emission with long luminescence lifetimes, narrow and multiple absorption and emission bands, and excellent photostability enable background-free and multiplexed detection in deep tissues. So far, however, in vitro and in vivo applications of UCNPs are restricted to the laboratory use due to safety concerns. Possible harmful effects may originate from the chemical composition but also from the small size of UCNPs. Potential end users must rely on well-founded safety data. Thus, a risk to benefit assessment of the envisioned combined therapeutic and diagnostic ("theranostic") applications is fundamentally important to bridge the translational gap between laboratory and clinics. The COST Action CM1403 "The European Upconversion Network-From the Design of Photon-Upconverting Nanomaterials to Biomedical Applications" integrates research on UCNPs ranging from fundamental materials synthesis and research, detection instrumentation, biofunctionalization, and bioassay development to toxicity testing. Such an interdisciplinary approach is necessary for a better and safer theranostic use of UCNPs. Here, the status of nanotoxicity research on UCNPs is compared to other nanomaterials, and routes for the translation of UCNPs into clinical applications are delineated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Oliveira
- Department of BiologyCESAM‐Centre for Environmental and Marine StudiesCICECO‐Aveiro Institute of MaterialsUniversity of Aveiro 3810‐193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Artur Bednarkiewicz
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure ResearchPolish Academy of Sciences ul.Okolna 2 50422 Wroclaw Poland
- PORT Sp. z o.o. Stablowicka 147 Str. 54‐066 Wroclaw Poland
| | - Andreas Falk
- BioNanoNet Forschungsgesellschaft mbH Steyrergasse 17 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Eleonore Fröhlich
- Center for Medical ResearchMedical University of Graz Stiftingtalstrasse 24 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Darja Lisjak
- Department for Materials SynthesisJožef Stefan Institute Jamova 39 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Adriele Prina‐Mello
- LBCAM and Nanomedicine LaboratoryTrinity Translational Medicine InstituteTrinity College Dublin Dublin 8 Republic of Ireland
| | - Susanne Resch
- BioNanoNet Forschungsgesellschaft mbH Steyrergasse 17 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Christa Schimpel
- BioNanoNet Forschungsgesellschaft mbH Steyrergasse 17 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Ivana Vinković Vrček
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health Ksaverska cesta 2 10000 Zagreb Croatia
| | - Edyta Wysokińska
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental TherapyPolish Academy of Sciences Wrocław Poland
| | - Hans H. Gorris
- Institute of Analytical ChemistryChemo‐ and BiosensorsUniversity of Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Germany
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43
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Panov N, Marin R, Hemmer E. Microwave-Assisted Solvothermal Synthesis of Upconverting and Downshifting Rare-Earth-Doped LiYF4 Microparticles. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:14920-14929. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Panov
- University of Ottawa, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, 10 Marie Curie Street, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Riccardo Marin
- University of Ottawa, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, 10 Marie Curie Street, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Eva Hemmer
- University of Ottawa, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, 10 Marie Curie Street, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials Research (CAMaR), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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44
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Grunert B, Saatz J, Hoffmann K, Appler F, Lubjuhn D, Jakubowski N, Resch-Genger U, Emmerling F, Briel A. Multifunctional Rare-Earth Element Nanocrystals for Cell Labeling and Multimodal Imaging. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:3578-3587. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessica Saatz
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrin Hoffmann
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Dominik Lubjuhn
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Norbert Jakubowski
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Emmerling
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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45
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Debasu ML, Riedl JC, Rocha J, Carlos LD. The role of Li + in the upconversion emission enhancement of (YYbEr) 2O 3 nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:15799-15808. [PMID: 30101238 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr03608j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of upconversion enhancement for Li+-doped materials is still contentious. Attempting to settle the debate, here the upconversion emission enhancement of (Y0.97-xYb0.02Er0.01Lix)2O3, x = 0.000-0.123, nanoparticles is studied. Li+ incorporation in the Y2O3 host lattice is achieved via co-precipitation and solid-state reaction routes. In contrast to numerous reports, elemental analysis reveals that the former method does not afford Li+-bearing nanoparticles. The solid-state reaction route accomplishes an effective Li+ doping, as witnessed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Transmission electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction showed an increase in nanoparticle size with increasing Li+ concentration. Rietveld refinement of powder X-ray diffraction data shows that the cubic lattice parameter decreases with increasing Li+ content. The emission quantum yield increases tenfold with increasing Li+ content up to x = 0.123, reaching a maximal value of 0.04% at x = 0.031. XPS and infrared spectroscopy show that the carbonate groups increase with increasing Li+ content, thus not supporting the prevailing view that the upconversion luminescence enhancement observed upon Li+ nanoparticle's doping is due to the decrease of the number of quenching carbonate groups present. Rather, the particle size increment and the decrease in the lattice parameter of the host crystals are shown to be the prime sources of quantum yield enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengistie L Debasu
- Department of Physics and CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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46
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Yang W, Xia J, Zhou G, Jiang D, Li Q, Wang S, Zheng X, Li X, Shen Y, Li X. Selective non-enzymatic total bilirubin detection in serum using europium complexes with different β-diketone-derived ligands as luminescence probes. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:6459-6468. [PMID: 30043114 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1243-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Three europium(III) complexes, Eu(ectfd)3 (Hectfd = 1-(9-ethyl-9H-carbazol-7-yl)-4,4,4-trifluorobutane-1,3-dione), Eu(tta)3 (Htta = 4,4,4-trifluoro-1-(thiophen-2-yl)-butane-1,3-dione), and Eu(dbt)3 (Hdbt = 2-(4',4',4'-trifluoro-1',3'-dioxobutyl)dibenzothiophene), were synthesized and employed to detect total bilirubin (BR) in blood-serum samples. UV-visible absorption and fluorescence (FL) spectroscopies were used to evaluate the selectivity of each europium (III) fluorescence probe to BR, which was shown to remarkably reduce the luminescence intensities of the europium(III) complexes at a wavelength of 612 nm. The luminescence intensity of each complex is linearly related to BR concentration. Eu(tta)3 was shown to be the more-appropriate fluorescence probe for the sensitive and reliable detection of total BR in blood serum samples than either Eu(ectfd)3 or Eu(dbt)3. This observation can be ascribed to special σ-hole bonding between Htta and BR. In addition, the optimal pH test conditions for the detection of BR in human serum by the Eu(tta)3 probe were determined. Sensitivity was shown to be dramatically affected by the pH of the medium. The experimental results reveal that pH 7.5 is optimal for this probe, which coincides with the pH of human serum. Furthermore, BR detection using the Eu(tta)3 luminescence probe is simple, practical, and relatively free of interference from coexisting substances; it has a minimum detection limit (DL) of 68 nM and is a potential candidate for the routine assessment of total BR in serum samples. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Jinfeng Xia
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Guohong Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Danyu Jiang
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Shiwei Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Xiaohong Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xi Li
- Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yibo Shen
- Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
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47
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Peveler WJ, Algar WR. More Than a Light Switch: Engineering Unconventional Fluorescent Configurations for Biological Sensing. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:1752-1766. [PMID: 29461796 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.7b01022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence is a powerful and sensitive tool in biological detection, used widely for cellular imaging and in vitro molecular diagnostics. Over time, three prominent conventions have emerged in the design of fluorescent biosensors: a sensor is ideally specific for its target, only one fluorescence signal turns on or off in response to the target, and each target requires its own sensor and signal combination. These are conventions but not requirements, and sensors that break with one or more of these conventions can offer new capabilities and advantages. Here, we review "unconventional" fluorescent sensor configurations based on fluorescent dyes, proteins, and nanomaterials such as quantum dots and metal nanoclusters. These configurations include multifluorophore Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) networks, temporal multiplexing, photonic logic, and cross-reactive arrays or "noses". The more complex but carefully engineered biorecognition and fluorescence signaling modalities in unconventional designs are richer in information, afford greater multiplexing capacity, and are potentially better suited to the analysis of complex biological samples, interactions, processes, and diseases. We conclude with a short perspective on the future of unconventional fluorescent sensors and encourage researchers to imagine sensing beyond the metaphorical light bulb and light switch combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J. Peveler
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, U.K
| | - W. Russ Algar
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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48
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Homann C, Krukewitt L, Frenzel F, Grauel B, Würth C, Resch‐Genger U, Haase M. Aufwärtskonvertierende NaYF
4
:Yb,Er/NaYF
4
‐Kern/Schale‐Nanokristalle mit hoher Lumineszenzquantenausbeute. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201803083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Homann
- Institut für Chemie Neuer Materialien Fachbereich Biologie/Chemie Universität Osnabrück Barbarastraße 7 49076 Osnabrück Deutschland
| | - Lisa Krukewitt
- Bundesanstalt für Materialprüfung (BAM) Abteilung Biophotonik Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11 12489 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Florian Frenzel
- Bundesanstalt für Materialprüfung (BAM) Abteilung Biophotonik Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11 12489 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Bettina Grauel
- Bundesanstalt für Materialprüfung (BAM) Abteilung Biophotonik Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11 12489 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Christian Würth
- Bundesanstalt für Materialprüfung (BAM) Abteilung Biophotonik Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11 12489 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Ute Resch‐Genger
- Bundesanstalt für Materialprüfung (BAM) Abteilung Biophotonik Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11 12489 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Markus Haase
- Institut für Chemie Neuer Materialien Fachbereich Biologie/Chemie Universität Osnabrück Barbarastraße 7 49076 Osnabrück Deutschland
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49
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Homann C, Krukewitt L, Frenzel F, Grauel B, Würth C, Resch‐Genger U, Haase M. NaYF
4
:Yb,Er/NaYF
4
Core/Shell Nanocrystals with High Upconversion Luminescence Quantum Yield. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:8765-8769. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201803083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Homann
- Institut für Chemie Neuer Materialien Fachbereich Biologie/Chemie Universität Osnabrück Barbarastrasse 7 49076 Osnabrück Germany
| | - Lisa Krukewitt
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) Division Biophotonics Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Florian Frenzel
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) Division Biophotonics Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Bettina Grauel
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) Division Biophotonics Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Christian Würth
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) Division Biophotonics Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Ute Resch‐Genger
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) Division Biophotonics Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Markus Haase
- Institut für Chemie Neuer Materialien Fachbereich Biologie/Chemie Universität Osnabrück Barbarastrasse 7 49076 Osnabrück Germany
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50
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Vaneckova T, Smerkova K, Zitka J, Hynek D, Zitka O, Hlavacek A, Foret F, Adam V, Vaculovicova M. Upconversion nanoparticle bioconjugates characterized by capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:2246-2252. [PMID: 29882600 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are an emerging class of optical materials with high potential in bioimaging due to practically no background signal and high penetration depth. Their excellent optical properties and easy surface functionalization make them perfect for conjugation with targeting ligands. In this work, capillary electrophoretic (CE) method with laser-induced fluorescence detection was used to investigate the behavior of carboxyl-silica-coated UCNPs. Folic acid, targeting folate receptor overexpressed by wide variety of cancer cells, was used for illustrative purposes and assessed by CE under optimized conditions. Peptide-mediated bioconjugation of antibodies to UCNPs was also investigated. Despite the numerous advantages of CE, this is the first time that CE was employed for characterization of UCNPs and their bioconjugates. The separation conditions were optimized including the background electrolyte concentration and pH. The optimized electrolyte was 20 mM borate buffer with pH 8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Vaneckova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Smerkova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Zitka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - David Hynek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Zitka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Antonin Hlavacek
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Frantisek Foret
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Vaculovicova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
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