1
|
Zhang Y, Zhang C, Yi X, Wang Q, Zhang T, Li Y. Gabapentinoids for the treatment of stroke. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1509-1516. [PMID: 38051893 PMCID: PMC10883501 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.387968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Gabapentinoid drugs (pregabalin and gabapentin) have been successfully used in the treatment of neuropathic pain and in focal seizure prevention. Recent research has demonstrated their potent activities in modulating neurotransmitter release in neuronal tissue, oxidative stress, and inflammation, which matches the mechanism of action via voltage-gated calcium channels. In this review, we briefly elaborate on the medicinal history and ligand-binding sites of gabapentinoids. We systematically summarize the preclinical and clinical research on gabapentinoids in stroke, including ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, seizures after stroke, cortical spreading depolarization after stroke, pain after stroke, and nerve regeneration after stroke. This review also discusses the potential targets of gabapentinoids in stroke; however, the existing results are still uncertain regarding the effect of gabapentinoids on stroke and related diseases. Further preclinical and clinical trials are needed to test the therapeutic potential of gabapentinoids in stroke. Therefore, gabapentinoids have both opportunities and challenges in the treatment of stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chenyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiaoli Yi
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tiejun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yuwen Li
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ng ACH, Chahine M, Scantlebury MH, Appendino JP. Channelopathies in epilepsy: an overview of clinical presentations, pathogenic mechanisms, and therapeutic insights. J Neurol 2024; 271:3063-3094. [PMID: 38607431 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-024-12352-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Pathogenic variants in genes encoding ion channels are causal for various pediatric and adult neurological conditions. In particular, several epilepsy syndromes have been identified to be caused by specific channelopathies. These encompass a spectrum from self-limited epilepsies to developmental and epileptic encephalopathies spanning genetic and acquired causes. Several of these channelopathies have exquisite responses to specific antiseizure medications (ASMs), while others ASMs may prove ineffective or even worsen seizures. Some channelopathies demonstrate phenotypic pleiotropy and can cause other neurological conditions outside of epilepsy. This review aims to provide a comprehensive exploration of the pathophysiology of seizure generation, ion channels implicated in epilepsy, and several genetic epilepsies due to ion channel dysfunction. We outline the clinical presentation, pathogenesis, and the current state of basic science and clinical research for these channelopathies. In addition, we briefly look at potential precision therapy approaches emerging for these disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andy Cheuk-Him Ng
- Clinical Neuroscience and Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, 28 Oki Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T3B 6A8, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta and Stollery Children's Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mohamed Chahine
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- CERVO, Brain Research Centre, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Morris H Scantlebury
- Clinical Neuroscience and Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, 28 Oki Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T3B 6A8, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Canada
| | - Juan P Appendino
- Clinical Neuroscience and Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, 28 Oki Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T3B 6A8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Roy D, Dion E, Sepeda JA, Peng J, Lingam SR, Townsend K, Sas A, Sun W, Tedeschi A. α2δ1-mediated maladaptive sensory plasticity disrupts adipose tissue homeostasis following spinal cord injury. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101525. [PMID: 38663398 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) increases the risk of cardiometabolic disorders, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. Not only does SCI lead to pathological expansion of adipose tissue, but it also leads to ectopic lipid accumulation in organs integral to glucose and insulin metabolism. The pathophysiological changes that underlie adipose tissue dysfunction after SCI are unknown. Here, we find that SCI exacerbates lipolysis in epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT). Whereas expression of the α2δ1 subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels increases in calcitonin gene-related peptide-positive dorsal root ganglia neurons that project to eWAT, conditional deletion of the gene encoding α2δ1 in these neurons normalizes eWAT lipolysis after SCI. Furthermore, α2δ1 pharmacological blockade through systemic administration of gabapentin also normalizes eWAT lipolysis after SCI, preventing ectopic lipid accumulation in the liver. Thus, our study provides insight into molecular causes of maladaptive sensory processing in eWAT, facilitating the development of strategies to reduce metabolic and cardiovascular complications after SCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debasish Roy
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Elliot Dion
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jesse A Sepeda
- Department of Neurology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Juan Peng
- Center for Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Sai Rishik Lingam
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Kristy Townsend
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Andrew Sas
- Department of Neurology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Wenjing Sun
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Andrea Tedeschi
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Chronic Brain Injury Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kozai D, Numoto N, Nishikawa K, Kamegawa A, Kawasaki S, Hiroaki Y, Irie K, Oshima A, Hanzawa H, Shimada K, Kitano Y, Fujiyoshi Y. Recognition mechanism of a novel gabapentinoid drug, mirogabalin, for recombinant human α 2δ1, a voltage-gated calcium channel subunit. J Mol Biol 2023; 435:168049. [PMID: 36933823 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Mirogabalin is a novel gabapentinoid drug with a hydrophobic bicyclo substituent on the γ-aminobutyric acid moiety that targets the voltage-gated calcium channel subunit α2δ1. Here, to reveal the mirogabalin recognition mechanisms of α2δ1, we present structures of recombinant human α2δ1 with and without mirogabalin analyzed by cryo-electron microscopy. These structures show the binding of mirogabalin to the previously reported gabapentinoid binding site, which is the extracellular dCache_1 domain containing a conserved amino acid binding motif. A slight conformational change occurs around the residues positioned close to the hydrophobic group of mirogabalin. Mutagenesis binding assays identified that residues in the hydrophobic interaction region, in addition to several amino acid binding motif residues around the amino and carboxyl groups of mirogabalin, are critical for mirogabalin binding. The A215L mutation introduced to decrease the hydrophobic pocket volume predictably suppressed mirogabalin binding and promoted the binding of another ligand, L-Leu, with a smaller hydrophobic substituent than mirogabalin. Alterations of residues in the hydrophobic interaction region of α2δ1 to those of the α2δ2, α2δ3, and α2δ4 isoforms, of which α2δ3 and α2δ4 are gabapentin-insensitive, suppressed the binding of mirogabalin. These results support the importance of hydrophobic interactions in α2δ1 ligand recognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Kozai
- Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute (CeSPI), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; Japan Biological Informatics Consortium, 2-4-32 Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-0063, Japan; Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8501, Japan.
| | - Nobutaka Numoto
- Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8501, Japan.
| | - Kouki Nishikawa
- CeSPIA Inc., 2-1-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan; Joint Research Course for Advanced Biomolecular Characterization, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
| | - Akiko Kamegawa
- Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8501, Japan; CeSPIA Inc., 2-1-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan.
| | - Shohei Kawasaki
- Daiichi Sankyo RD Novare Co., Ltd., 1-16-13 Kitakasai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-8630, Japan.
| | - Yoko Hiroaki
- Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute (CeSPI), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; Japan Biological Informatics Consortium, 2-4-32 Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-0063, Japan.
| | - Katsumasa Irie
- Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute (CeSPI), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
| | - Atsunori Oshima
- Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute (CeSPI), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Hanzawa
- Daiichi Sankyo RD Novare Co., Ltd., 1-16-13 Kitakasai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-8630, Japan.
| | - Kousei Shimada
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58 Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 140-8710, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Kitano
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58 Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 140-8710, Japan.
| | - Yoshinori Fujiyoshi
- Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8501, Japan; CeSPIA Inc., 2-1-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wu T, Chen SR, Pan HL, Luo Y. The α2δ-1-NMDA receptor complex and its potential as a therapeutic target for ischemic stroke. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1148697. [PMID: 37153659 PMCID: PMC10157046 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1148697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) play a critical role in excitotoxicity caused by ischemic stroke, but NMDAR antagonists have failed to be translated into clinical practice for treating stroke patients. Recent studies suggest that targeting the specific protein-protein interactions that regulate NMDARs may be an effective strategy to reduce excitotoxicity associated with brain ischemia. α2δ-1 (encoded by the Cacna2d1 gene), previously known as a subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels, is a binding protein of gabapentinoids used clinically for treating chronic neuropathic pain and epilepsy. Recent studies indicate that α2δ-1 is an interacting protein of NMDARs and can promote synaptic trafficking and hyperactivity of NMDARs in neuropathic pain conditions. In this review, we highlight the newly identified roles of α2δ-1-mediated NMDAR activity in the gabapentinoid effects and NMDAR excitotoxicity during brain ischemia as well as targeting α2δ-1-bound NMDARs as a potential treatment for ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shao-Rui Chen
- Center for Neuroscience and Pain Research, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Hui-Lin Pan
- Center for Neuroscience and Pain Research, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Hui-Lin Pan
| | - Yi Luo
- Center for Neuroscience and Pain Research, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Luo
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhou X, Chen Z, Xiao L, Zhong Y, Liu Y, Wu J, Tao H. Intracellular calcium homeostasis and its dysregulation underlying epileptic seizures. Seizure 2022; 103:126-136. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
7
|
Tedeschi A, Larson MJE, Zouridakis A, Mo L, Bordbar A, Myers JM, Qin HY, Rodocker HI, Fan F, Lannutti JJ, McElroy CA, Nimjee SM, Peng J, Arnold WD, Moon LDF, Sun W. Harnessing cortical plasticity via gabapentinoid administration promotes recovery after stroke. Brain 2022; 145:2378-2393. [PMID: 35905466 PMCID: PMC9890504 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke causes devastating sensory-motor deficits and long-term disability due to disruption of descending motor pathways. Restoration of these functions enables independent living and therefore represents a high priority for those afflicted by stroke. Here, we report that daily administration of gabapentin, a clinically approved drug already used to treat various neurological disorders, promotes structural and functional plasticity of the corticospinal pathway after photothrombotic cortical stroke in adult mice. We found that gabapentin administration had no effects on vascular occlusion, haemodynamic changes nor survival of corticospinal neurons within the ipsilateral sensory-motor cortex in the acute stages of stroke. Instead, using a combination of tract tracing, electrical stimulation and functional connectivity mapping, we demonstrated that corticospinal axons originating from the contralateral side of the brain in mice administered gabapentin extend numerous collaterals, form new synaptic contacts and better integrate within spinal circuits that control forelimb muscles. Not only does gabapentin daily administration promote neuroplasticity, but it also dampens maladaptive plasticity by reducing the excitability of spinal motor circuitry. In turn, mice administered gabapentin starting 1 h or 1 day after stroke recovered skilled upper extremity function. Functional recovery persists even after stopping the treatment at 6 weeks following a stroke. Finally, chemogenetic silencing of cortical projections originating from the contralateral side of the brain transiently abrogated recovery in mice administered gabapentin, further supporting the conclusion that gabapentin-dependent reorganization of spared cortical pathways drives functional recovery after stroke. These observations highlight the strong potential for repurposing gabapentinoids as a promising treatment strategy for stroke repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Tedeschi
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Discovery Theme on Chronic Brain Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Molly J E Larson
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Antonia Zouridakis
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Lujia Mo
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Arman Bordbar
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Julia M Myers
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Hannah Y Qin
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Haven I Rodocker
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Fan Fan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - John J Lannutti
- Discovery Theme on Chronic Brain Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Craig A McElroy
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Shahid M Nimjee
- Discovery Theme on Chronic Brain Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Juan Peng
- Center for Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - W David Arnold
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Lawrence D F Moon
- Neurorestoration Group, Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Wenjing Sun
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Rodocker HI, Bordbar A, Larson MJE, Biltz RG, Wangler L, Fadda P, Godbout JP, Tedeschi A. Breaking Mental Barriers Promotes Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:868563. [PMID: 35875670 PMCID: PMC9301320 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.868563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI) often proves difficult as physical and mental barriers bar survivors from enacting their designated rehabilitation programs. We recently demonstrated that adult mice administered gabapentinoids, clinically approved drugs prescribed to mitigate chronic neuropathic pain, recovered upper extremity function following cervical SCI. Given that rehabilitative training enhances neuronal plasticity and promotes motor recovery, we hypothesized that the combination of an aerobic-based rehabilitation regimen like treadmill training with gabapentin (GBP) administration will maximize recovery in SCI mice by strengthening synaptic connections along the sensorimotor axis. Whereas mice administered GBP recovered forelimb functions over the course of weeks and months following SCI, no additive forelimb recovery as the result of voluntary treadmill training was noted in these mice. To our surprise, we also failed to find an additive effect in mice administered vehicle. As motivation is crucial in rehabilitation interventions, we scored active engagement toward the rehabilitation protocol and found that mice administered GBP were consistently participating in the rehabilitation program. In contrast, mice administered vehicle exhibited a steep decline in participation, especially at chronic time points. Whereas neuroinflammatory gene expression profiles were comparable between experimental conditions, we discovered that mice administered GBP had increased hippocampal neurogenesis and exhibited less anxiety-like behavior after SCI. We also found that an external, social motivator effectively rescues participation in mice administered vehicle and promotes forelimb recovery after chronic SCI. Thus, not only does a clinically relevant treatment strategy preclude the deterioration of mental health after chronic SCI, but group intervention strategies may prove to be physically and emotionally beneficial for SCI individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haven I. Rodocker
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Arman Bordbar
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Molly J. E. Larson
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Rebecca G. Biltz
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Lynde Wangler
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Paolo Fadda
- Department of Cancer Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jonathan P. Godbout
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Chronic Brain Injury Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Andrea Tedeschi
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Chronic Brain Injury Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- *Correspondence: Andrea Tedeschi
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Heck J, Palmeira Do Amaral AC, Weißbach S, El Khallouqi A, Bikbaev A, Heine M. More than a pore: How voltage-gated calcium channels act on different levels of neuronal communication regulation. Channels (Austin) 2021; 15:322-338. [PMID: 34107849 PMCID: PMC8205089 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2021.1900024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) represent key regulators of the calcium influx through the plasma membrane of excitable cells, like neurons. Activated by the depolarization of the membrane, the opening of VGCCs induces very transient and local changes in the intracellular calcium concentration, known as calcium nanodomains, that in turn trigger calcium-dependent signaling cascades and the release of chemical neurotransmitters. Based on their central importance as concierges of excitation-secretion coupling and therefore neuronal communication, VGCCs have been studied in multiple aspects of neuronal function and malfunction. However, studies on molecular interaction partners and recent progress in omics technologies have extended the actual concept of these molecules. With this review, we want to illustrate some new perspectives of VGCCs reaching beyond their function as calcium-permeable pores in the plasma membrane. Therefore, we will discuss the relevance of VGCCs as voltage sensors in functional complexes with ryanodine receptors, channel-independent actions of auxiliary VGCC subunits, and provide an insight into how VGCCs even directly participate in gene regulation. Furthermore, we will illustrate how structural changes in the intracellular C-terminus of VGCCs generated by alternative splicing events might not only affect the biophysical channel characteristics but rather determine their molecular environment and downstream signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Heck
- Functional Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute for Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ana Carolina Palmeira Do Amaral
- Functional Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute for Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephan Weißbach
- Functional Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute for Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Mainz, Germany
- Computational Genomics and Bioinformatics, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, University Medical Center Mainz, Institute for Human Genetics, Mainz, Germany
| | - Abderazzaq El Khallouqi
- Functional Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute for Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Arthur Bikbaev
- Functional Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute for Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Martin Heine
- Functional Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute for Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Rodríguez-Muñoz M, Cortés-Montero E, Onetti Y, Sánchez-Blázquez P, Garzón-Niño J. The σ1 Receptor and the HINT1 Protein Control α2δ1 Binding to Glutamate NMDA Receptors: Implications in Neuropathic Pain. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1681. [PMID: 34827679 PMCID: PMC8615847 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nerve injury produces neuropathic pain through the binding of α2δ1 proteins to glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs). Notably, mice with a targeted deletion of the sigma 1 receptor (σ1R) gene do not develop neuropathy, whereas mice lacking the histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (Hint1) gene exhibit exacerbated allodynia. σ1R antagonists more effectively diminish neuropathic pain of spinal origin when administered by intracerebroventricular injection than systemically. Thus, in mice subjected to unilateral sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury (CCI), we studied the participation of σ1Rs and HINT1 proteins in the formation of α2δ1-NMDAR complexes within the supraspinal periaqueductal gray (PAG). We found that δ1 peptides required σ1Rs in order to interact with the NMDAR NR1 variant that contains the cytosolic C1 segment. σ1R antagonists or low calcium levels provoke the dissociation of σ1R-NR1 C1 dimers, while they barely affect the integrity of δ1-σ1R-NR1 C1 trimers. However, HINT1 does remove δ1 peptides from the trimer, thereby facilitating the subsequent dissociation of σ1Rs from NMDARs. In σ1R-/- mice, CCI does not promote the formation of NMDAR-α2δ1 complexes and allodynia does not develop. The levels of α2δ1-σ1R-NMDAR complexes increase in HINT1-/- mice and after inducing CCI, degradation of α2δ1 proteins is observed. Notably, σ1R antagonists but not gabapentinoids alleviate neuropathic pain in these mice. During severe neuropathy, the metabolism of α2δ1 proteins may account for the failure of many patients to respond to gabapentinoids. Therefore, σ1Rs promote and HINT1 proteins hinder the formation α2δ1-NMDAR complexes in the PAG, and hence, the appearance of mechanical allodynia depends on the interplay between these proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Rodríguez-Muñoz
- Neuropharmacology, Department of Translational Neuroscience, Cajal Institute, CSIC, 28002 Madrid, Spain; (M.R.-M.); (E.C.-M.); (Y.O.); (P.S.-B.)
| | - Elsa Cortés-Montero
- Neuropharmacology, Department of Translational Neuroscience, Cajal Institute, CSIC, 28002 Madrid, Spain; (M.R.-M.); (E.C.-M.); (Y.O.); (P.S.-B.)
| | - Yara Onetti
- Neuropharmacology, Department of Translational Neuroscience, Cajal Institute, CSIC, 28002 Madrid, Spain; (M.R.-M.); (E.C.-M.); (Y.O.); (P.S.-B.)
| | - Pilar Sánchez-Blázquez
- Neuropharmacology, Department of Translational Neuroscience, Cajal Institute, CSIC, 28002 Madrid, Spain; (M.R.-M.); (E.C.-M.); (Y.O.); (P.S.-B.)
| | - Javier Garzón-Niño
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Doctor Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cammalleri M, Amato R, Olivieri M, Pezzino S, Bagnoli P, Dal Monte M, Rusciano D. Effects of Topical Gabapentin on Ocular Pain and Tear Secretion. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:671238. [PMID: 34163358 PMCID: PMC8216672 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.671238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic ocular pain is a frequent occurrence in medium to severe dry eye disease (DED). Only palliative treatments, such as lubricants and anti-inflammatory drugs, are available to alleviate patients’ discomfort. Anesthetic drugs are not indicated, because they may interfere with the neural feedback between the cornea and the lacrimal gland, impairing tear production and lacrimation. Gabapentin (GBT) is a structural analog of gamma-amino butyric acid that has been used by systemic administration to provide pain relief in glaucomatous patients. We have already shown in a rabbit model system that its topic administration as eye drops has anti-inflammatory properties. We now present data on rabbits’ eyes showing that indeed GBT given topically as eye drops has analgesic but not anesthetic effects. Therefore, opposite to an anesthetic drug such as oxybuprocaine, GBT does not decrease lacrimation, but–unexpectedly–even stimulates it, apparently through the upregulation of acetylcholine and norepinephrine, and by induction of aquaporin 5 (AQP5) expression in the lacrimal gland. Moreover, data obtained in vitro on a primary human corneal epithelial cell line also show direct induction of AQP5 by GBT. This suggests that corneal cells might also contribute to the lacrimal stimulation promoted by GBT and participate with lacrimal glands in the restoration of the tear film, thus reducing friction on the ocular surface, which is a known trigger of ocular pain. In conclusion, GBT is endowed with analgesic, anti-inflammatory and secretagogue properties, all useful to treat neuropathic pain of the ocular surface, especially in case of DED.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosario Amato
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Paola Bagnoli
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fu M, Liu F, Zhang YY, Lin J, Huang CL, Li YL, Wang H, Zhou C, Li CJ, Shen JF. The α2δ-1-NMDAR1 interaction in the trigeminal ganglion contributes to orofacial ectopic pain following inferior alveolar nerve injury. Brain Res Bull 2021; 171:162-171. [PMID: 33811955 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Orofacial ectopic pain can often arise following nerve injury. However, the exact mechanism responsible for orofacial ectopic pain induced by trigeminal nerve injury remains unknown. The α2δ-1 and glutamate N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR) interactions have been demonstrated to participate in neuropathic pain regulation in the spinal cord. In this study, a rat model of inferior alveolar nerve transection (IANX) was used to investigate the role of α2δ-1-NMDAR1 interaction in the trigeminal ganglion (TG) in regard to the regulation of orofacial ectopic pain. Western blot (WB) analysis indicated that α2δ-1 and NMDAR1 in the TG were substantially higher in IANX rats than they were in sham/naive rats. Additionally, immunofluorescence (IF) results revealed that α2δ-1 and NMDAR1 were co-expressed and distributed within neurons and activated satellite glial cells in the TG. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) results indicated that α2δ-1-NMDAR1 complex levels in the TG were higher in IANX rats than they were in sham rats. Furthermore, the results of behavioral tests demonstrated that intra-TG injection of gabapentin (α2δ-1 inhibitory ligand) or memantine hydrochloride (NMDAR antagonist) reversed the decrease in mechanical head-withdrawal threshold (HWT) in IANX rats. Moreover, inhibition of α2δ-1 by intra-TG administration of gabapentin suppressed the upregulation of the NMDAR1 protein, and the inhibition of NMDAR by intra-TG administration of memantine hydrochloride inhibited the increased expression of α2δ-1 protein induced by IANX. In conclusion, the physical and functional interaction between α2δ-1 and NMDAR1 is critical for the development of orofacial ectopic pain, indicating that α2δ-1, NMDAR1, and the α2δ-1-NMDAR1 complex may represent potential targets for the treatment of orofacial ectopic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan-Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao-Lan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue-Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chun-Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie-Fei Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Geisler SM, Benedetti A, Schöpf CL, Schwarzer C, Stefanova N, Schwartz A, Obermair GJ. Phenotypic Characterization and Brain Structure Analysis of Calcium Channel Subunit α 2δ-2 Mutant (Ducky) and α 2δ Double Knockout Mice. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2021; 13:634412. [PMID: 33679366 PMCID: PMC7933509 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2021.634412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Auxiliary α2δ subunits of voltage-gated calcium channels modulate channel trafficking, current properties, and synapse formation. Three of the four isoforms (α2δ-1, α2δ-2, and α2δ-3) are abundantly expressed in the brain; however, of the available knockout models, only α2δ-2 knockout or mutant mice display an obvious abnormal neurological phenotype. Thus, we hypothesize that the neuronal α2δ isoforms may have partially specific as well as redundant functions. To address this, we generated three distinct α2δ double knockout mouse models by crossbreeding single knockout (α2δ-1 and -3) or mutant (α2δ-2/ducky) mice. Here, we provide a first phenotypic description and brain structure analysis. We found that genotypic distribution of neonatal litters in distinct α2δ-1/-2, α2δ-1/-3, and α2δ-2/-3 breeding combinations did not conform to Mendel's law, suggesting premature lethality of single and double knockout mice. Notably, high occurrences of infant mortality correlated with the absence of specific α2δ isoforms (α2Δ-2 > α2δ-1 > α2δ-3), and was particularly observed in cages with behaviorally abnormal parenting animals of α2δ-2/-3 cross-breedings. Juvenile α2δ-1/-2 and α2δ-2/-3 double knockout mice displayed a waddling gate similar to ducky mice. However, in contrast to ducky and α2δ-1/-3 double knockout animals, α2δ-1/-2 and α2δ-2/-3 double knockout mice showed a more severe disease progression and highly impaired development. The observed phenotypes within the individual mouse lines may be linked to differences in the volume of specific brain regions. Reduced cortical volume in ducky mice, for example, was associated with a progressively decreased space between neurons, suggesting a reduction of total synaptic connections. Taken together, our findings show that α2δ subunits differentially regulate premature survival, postnatal growth, brain development, and behavior, suggesting specific neuronal functions in health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie M. Geisler
- Institute of Physiology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ariane Benedetti
- Institute of Physiology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Clemens L. Schöpf
- Institute of Physiology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christoph Schwarzer
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Nadia Stefanova
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Arnold Schwartz
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Gerald J. Obermair
- Institute of Physiology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Division Physiology, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Matsuo M, Seo K, Mizuguchi N, Yamazaki F, Urabe S, Yamada N, Doi M, Tominaga K, Okamura H. Role of α2δ3 in Cellular Synchronization of the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Under Constant Light Conditions. Neuroscience 2021; 461:1-10. [PMID: 33609639 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
By the effort to identify candidate signaling molecules important for the formation of robust circadian rhythms in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the mammalian circadian center, here we characterize the role of α2δ proteins, synaptic molecules initially identified as an auxiliary subunit of the voltage dependent calcium channel, in circadian rhythm formation. In situ hybridization study demonstrated that type 3 α2δ gene (α2δ3) was strongly expressed in the SCN. Mice without this isoform (Cacna2d3-/-) did not maintain proper circadian locomotor activity rhythms under a constant light (LL) condition, whereas under a constant dark (DD) condition, these mice showed a similar period length and similar light-responsiveness as compared to wild type mice. Reflecting this behavioral phenotype, Cacna2d3-/- mice showed a severely impaired Per1 expression rhythm in the SCN under LL, but not under DD. Cultured SCN slices from Per1-luc transgenic Cacna2d3-/- mice revealed reduced synchrony of Per1-luc gene expression rhythms among SCN neurons. These findings suggest that α2δ3 is essential for synchronized cellular oscillations in the SCN and thereby contributes to enhancing the sustainability of circadian rhythms in behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Matsuo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Seo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Naoki Mizuguchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Fumiyoshi Yamazaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shoichi Urabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Naoto Yamada
- Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Masao Doi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Keiko Tominaga
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okamura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Brennan FH, Noble BT, Wang Y, Guan Z, Davis H, Mo X, Harris C, Eroglu C, Ferguson AR, Popovich PG. Acute post-injury blockade of α2δ-1 calcium channel subunits prevents pathological autonomic plasticity after spinal cord injury. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108667. [PMID: 33503436 PMCID: PMC8817229 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
After spinal cord injury (SCI), normally innocuous visceral or somatic stimuli can trigger uncontrolled reflex activation of sympathetic circuitry, causing pathological dysautonomia. We show that remarkable structural remodeling and plasticity occur within spinal autonomic circuitry, creating abnormal sympathetic reflexes that promote dysautonomia. However, when mice are treated early after SCI with human-equivalent doses of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug gabapentin (GBP), it is possible to block multi-segmental excitatory synaptogenesis and abolish sprouting of autonomic neurons that innervate immune organs and sensory afferents that trigger pain and autonomic dysreflexia (AD). This “prophylactic GBP” regimen decreases the frequency and severity of AD and protects against SCI-induced immune suppression. These benefits persist even 1 month after stopping treatment. GBP could be repurposed to prevent dysautonomia in at-risk individuals with high-level SCI. Brennan et al. show that α2δ−1 calcium channel subunits drive remarkable structural reorganization of autonomic circuitry and autonomic dysfunction after spinal cord injury. Early (prophylactic) post-injury treatment with gabapentin, an FDA-approved drug, prevents α2δ−1-dependent structural changes and autonomic dysfunction. Prophylactic gabapentin could be repurposed clinically for at-risk individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faith H Brennan
- Department of Neuroscience, Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Benjamin T Noble
- Department of Neuroscience, Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Zhen Guan
- Department of Neuroscience, Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Hayes Davis
- Department of Neuroscience, Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xiaokui Mo
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Clay Harris
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Cagla Eroglu
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, and Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Adam R Ferguson
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center (BASIC), Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94142, USA; San Francisco Veterans Affairs Healthcare System (SFVAHCS), San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Phillip G Popovich
- Department of Neuroscience, Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregabalin is a gamma-aminobutyric acid analog that binds to the α2-δ subunits of the pre-synaptic voltage-dependent calcium channels of nerves with a high affinity and selectivity. In this study, the retinal teratogenic potential of pregabalin was investigated in a chick embryo model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fertilised chicken eggs were divided into groups for administration with different doses of pregabalin. All eggs were opened on the 10th day of incubation. The embryos were dissected and the effects of pregabalin on the retina were investigated histopathologically, morphometrically, and immunohistochemically (Caspase-3). RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference between the low dose pregabalin, control, or vehicle control groups in terms of the number of retina layers and retinal thickness. Medium and high dose pregabalin caused a statistically significant decrease in the number of retina layers, as well as sensory retinal and pigment epithelium layer thicknesses. The outer nuclear and outer plexiform layer did not form in the group administered a medium dose. Similarly, the outer nuclear, outer plexiform, inner nuclear, and inner plexiform layer did not form in the high-dose group. No statistically significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of cellular damage and Caspase-3 expression. CONCLUSION The use of pregabalin during pregnancy compromises retinal development in a dose-dependent manner. The use of pregabalin in pregnancy causes the aforementioned defects in this system and it may have developmental effects that needs to be further evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilke Evrim Secinti
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sun W, Larson MJ, Kiyoshi CM, Annett AJ, Stalker WA, Peng J, Tedeschi A. Gabapentinoid treatment promotes corticospinal plasticity and regeneration following murine spinal cord injury. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:345-358. [PMID: 31793909 DOI: 10.1172/jci130391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Axon regeneration failure causes neurological deficits and long-term disability after spinal cord injury (SCI). Here, we found that the α2δ2 subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels negatively regulates axon growth and regeneration of corticospinal neurons, the cells that originate the corticospinal tract. Increased α2δ2 expression in corticospinal neurons contributed to loss of corticospinal regrowth ability during postnatal development and after SCI. In contrast, α2δ2 pharmacological blockade through gabapentin administration promoted corticospinal structural plasticity and regeneration in adulthood. Using an optogenetic strategy combined with in vivo electrophysiological recording, we demonstrated that regenerating corticospinal axons functionally integrate into spinal circuits. Mice administered gabapentin recovered upper extremity function after cervical SCI. Importantly, such recovery relies on reorganization of the corticospinal pathway, as chemogenetic silencing of injured corticospinal neurons transiently abrogated recovery. Thus, targeting α2δ2 with a clinically relevant treatment strategy aids repair of motor circuits after SCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Sun
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center
| | | | | | | | | | - Juan Peng
- Center for Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, and
| | - Andrea Tedeschi
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center.,Chronic Brain Injury Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kiyoshi C, Tedeschi A. Axon growth and synaptic function: A balancing act for axonal regeneration and neuronal circuit formation in CNS trauma and disease. Dev Neurobiol 2020; 80:277-301. [PMID: 32902152 PMCID: PMC7754183 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Axons in the adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) fail to regenerate inside out due to intrinsic and extrinsic neuronal determinants. During CNS development, axon growth, synapse formation, and function are tightly regulated processes allowing immature neurons to effectively grow an axon, navigate toward target areas, form synaptic contacts and become part of information processing networks that control behavior in adulthood. Not only immature neurons are able to precisely control the expression of a plethora of genes necessary for axon extension and pathfinding, synapse formation and function, but also non-neuronal cells such as astrocytes and microglia actively participate in sculpting the nervous system through refinement, consolidation, and elimination of synaptic contacts. Recent evidence indicates that a balancing act between axon regeneration and synaptic function may be crucial for rebuilding functional neuronal circuits after CNS trauma and disease in adulthood. Here, we review the role of classical and new intrinsic and extrinsic neuronal determinants in the context of CNS development, injury, and disease. Moreover, we discuss strategies targeting neuronal and non-neuronal cell behaviors, either alone or in combination, to promote axon regeneration and neuronal circuit formation in adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Conrad Kiyoshi
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Andrea Tedeschi
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Discovery Theme on Chronic Brain Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Alles SRA, Cain SM, Snutch TP. Pregabalin as a Pain Therapeutic: Beyond Calcium Channels. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:83. [PMID: 32351366 PMCID: PMC7174704 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Initially developed to generate new treatments for epilepsy, gabapentin, and pregabalin (“gabapentinoids”) were engineered to mimic the action of GABA and to modulate GABA metabolism. Rather than their intended pharmacological action on GABA neurotransmission, instead, they exhibit a high affinity for the α2δ-1 and α2δ-2 subunits of voltage-activated calcium channels, wherein binding of gabapentinoids inhibits cellular calcium influx and attenuates neurotransmission. Despite a lack of activity on GABA levels, gabapentin and pregabalin are effective at suppressing seizures and subsequently approved as a new class of antiepileptic therapy for partial-onset epilepsy. Through the same hypothesized molecular mechanism and by controlling neuronal hyperexcitability, gabapentinoids demonstrate clear efficacy in pain management, which has arguably been their most extensively prescribed application to date. In this review, we focus on pregabalin as a second-generation gabapentinoid widely employed in the treatment of a variety of pain conditions. We also discuss the wider functional roles of α2δ subunits and the contributions that pregabalin might play in affecting physiological and pathophysiological processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sascha R A Alles
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Djavad Mowafaghian Center for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Stuart M Cain
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Djavad Mowafaghian Center for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Terrance P Snutch
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Djavad Mowafaghian Center for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ungard RG, Zhu YF, Yang S, Nakhla P, Parzei N, Zhu KL, Singh G. Response to pregabalin and progesterone differs in male and female rat models of neuropathic and cancer pain. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PAIN-REVUE CANADIENNE DE LA DOULEUR 2020; 4:39-58. [PMID: 33987485 PMCID: PMC7951160 DOI: 10.1080/24740527.2020.1724776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Cancer pain involves nervous system damage and pathological neurogenesis. Neuropathic pain arises from damage to the nervous system and is driven by ectopic signaling. Both progesterone and pregabalin are neuroprotective in animal models, and there is evidence that both drugs bind to and inhibit voltage-gated calcium channels. Aims: This study was designed to characterize the effects of progesterone and pregabalin in preclinical models of cancer and neuropathic pain in both sexes. Methods: We measured peripheral sensory signaling by intracellular in vivo electrophysiology and behavioral indicators of pain in rat models of cancer-induced bone pain and neuropathic pain. Results: Female but not male models of cancer pain showed a behavioral response to treatment and pregabalin reduced excitability in C and A high-threshold but not low-threshold sensory neurons of both sexes. Male models of neuropathic pain treated with pregabalin demonstrated higher signaling thresholds only in A high-threshold neurons, and behavioral data indicated a clear recovery to baseline mechanical withdrawal thresholds in all treatment groups. Female rat treatment groups did not show excitability changes in sensory neurons, but all demonstrated higher mechanical withdrawal thresholds than vehicle-treated females, although not to baseline levels. Athymic female rat models of neuropathic pain showed no behavioral or electrophysiological responses to treatment. Conclusions: Both pregabalin and progesterone showed evidence of efficacy in male models of neuropathic pain. These results add to the evidence demonstrating differential effects of treatments for pain in male and female animals and widely differing responses in models of cancer and neuropathic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert G Ungard
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yong Fang Zhu
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Yang
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Nakhla
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Natalka Parzei
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kan Lun Zhu
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gurmit Singh
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ye Y, Barghouth M, Luan C, Kazim A, Zhou Y, Eliasson L, Zhang E, Hansson O, Thevenin T, Renström E. The TCF7L2-dependent high-voltage activated calcium channel subunit α2δ-1 controls calcium signaling in rodent pancreatic beta-cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 502:110673. [PMID: 31805307 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor TCF7L2 remains the most important diabetes gene identified to date and genetic risk carriers exhibit lower insulin secretion. We show that Tcf7l2 regulates the auxiliary subunit of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, Cacna2d1 gene/α2δ-1 protein levels. Furthermore, suppression of α2δ-1 decreased voltage-gated Ca2+ currents and high glucose/depolarization-evoked Ca2+ signaling which mimicked the effect of silencing of Tcf7l2. This appears to be the result of impaired voltage-gated Ca2+ channel trafficking to the plasma membrane, as Cav1.2 channels accumulated in the recycling endosomes after α2δ-1 suppression, in clonal as well as primary rodent beta-cells. This impaired the capacity for glucose-induced insulin secretion in Cacna2d1-silenced cells. Overexpression of α2δ-1 increased high-glucose/K+-stimulated insulin secretion. Furthermore, overexpression of α2δ-1 in Tcf7l2-silenced cells rescued the Tcf7l2-dependent impairment of Ca2+ signaling, but not the reduced insulin secretion. Taken together, these data clarify the connection between Tcf7l2, α2δ-1 in Ca2+-dependent insulin secretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Ye
- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Islet Pathophysiology Group, Sweden
| | - Mohammad Barghouth
- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Islet Pathophysiology Group, Sweden
| | - Cheng Luan
- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Islet Pathophysiology Group, Sweden
| | - Abdulla Kazim
- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Islet Pathophysiology Group, Sweden
| | - Yuedan Zhou
- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology Group, Sweden
| | - Lena Eliasson
- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Islet Pathophysiology Group, Sweden
| | - Enming Zhang
- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Islet Pathophysiology Group, Sweden
| | - Ola Hansson
- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology Group, Sweden
| | - Thomas Thevenin
- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Islet Pathophysiology Group, Sweden
| | - Erik Renström
- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Islet Pathophysiology Group, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mirogabalin prevents repeated restraint stress-induced dysfunction in mice. Behav Brain Res 2020; 383:112506. [PMID: 31982462 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Gabapentinoids, which are the common analgesics, are also thought to be an effective treatment for anxiety disorder, which is one of several psychiatric disorders triggered and exacerbated by stress. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether mirogabalin, a recently launched gabapentinoid, protects multiple brain functions against repeated restraint stress. Adult male ddY mice were restrained for 7 days (repeated restraint stress: 2 h/day) or for 30 min (single restraint stress). Mirogabalin (intraperitoneal, intracerebroventricular or intrahippocampal injection) was administered prior to the restraint stress. Y-maze, elevated-plus maze and c-Fos immunohistochemistry were performed to evaluate learning function, anxiety levels and hippocampal neuronal activities, respectively, after the 7th day of the repeated restraint stress. Intestinal function was evaluated in terms of defecation, which was scored after the 5th day of repeated restraint stress and by the number of fecal pellets excreted after a single session of restraint stress. Repeated restraint stress induced memory dysfunction, anxiety-like behavior, an abnormal defecation score and increased hippocampal c-Fos expression. These changes were prevented by systemic administration of mirogabalin. Abnormal defecation was also induced by single restraint stress, and was inhibited by both systemic and central administration of mirogabalin, suggesting that the effect on the intestinal function was also mediated via the central nervous system. Enhancement of c-Fos expression by repeated stress was decreased by intrahippocampal injection of mirogabalin. Together, these observations suggest that mirogabalin protects multiple brain functions from repeated stress, which may be mediated by inhibition of hippocampal neuron hyperactivation.
Collapse
|
23
|
Martínez San Segundo P, Terni B, Burgueño J, Monroy X, Dordal A, Merlos M, Llobet A. Outside-in regulation of the readily releasable pool of synaptic vesicles by α2δ-1. FASEB J 2019; 34:1362-1377. [PMID: 31914622 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901551r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The readily releasable pool (RRP) of synaptic vesicles is a key determinant of phasic neurotransmission. Although the size of the RRP is tightly regulated by intracellular factors, there is little evidence for its modification by extracellular signals. By studying the homogeneous population of synapses present in autaptic microcultures, we show that pregabalin, a prototypical gabapentinoid, decreases the effective RRP size. Simultaneous imaging of presynaptic calcium influx and recording of postsynaptic responses shows that the effect is not related to a reduction of calcium entry. The main cause is the impairment of the functional coupling among N-type calcium channels and the RRP, resembling an increase of intracellular mobile calcium buffers. The ectodomain of neurexin-1α shows a similar action to pregabalin, acting as an endogenous ligand of α2δ-1 that reduces the RRP size without affecting presynaptic calcium influx. The regulatory actions described for pregabalin and the ectodomain of neurexin-1α are mutually exclusive. The overexpression of α2δ-1 enhances the effect of pregabalin and the ectodomain of neurexin-1α on neurotransmission by decreasing their effective concentration. In contrast, knockdown of α2δ-1 causes a profound inhibition of synaptic transmission. These observations prompt to consider α2δ-1 as an outside-in signaling platform that binds exogenous and endogenous cues for regulating the coupling of voltage-gated calcium channels to synaptic vesicles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Martínez San Segundo
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatrice Terni
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Burgueño
- Department of Pharmacology, Drug Discovery and Preclinical Development, ESTEVE, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Monroy
- Department of Pharmacology, Drug Discovery and Preclinical Development, ESTEVE, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Dordal
- Department of Pharmacology, Drug Discovery and Preclinical Development, ESTEVE, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Merlos
- Department of Pharmacology, Drug Discovery and Preclinical Development, ESTEVE, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Artur Llobet
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Thoefner MS, Skovgaard LT, McEvoy FJ, Berendt M, Bjerrum OJ. Pregabalin alleviates clinical signs of syringomyelia-related central neuropathic pain in Cavalier King Charles Spaniel dogs: a randomized controlled trial. Vet Anaesth Analg 2019; 47:238-248. [PMID: 32005620 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2019.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the efficacy and benefit-risk profile of pregabalin (PGN) to reduce the clinical signs of central neuropathic pain (CNeP) as reflected by scratching episodes in dogs with symptomatic syringomyelia (SM). STUDY DESIGN Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study. ANIMALS A total of 12 client-owned Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (age, 1.1-7.4 years, bodyweight, 8.2-10.8 kg) with magnetic resonance imaging-confirmed SM and clinical signs of CNeP. METHODS Dogs were randomized to either PGN 150 mg or placebo for 25 days, followed by 48 hour washout period before crossover to the alternate phase of 25 days. The primary outcome was defined as number of scratching events during 10 minutes of video-recorded physical activity. Treatment effect was estimated using a generalized estimation equation model. Benefit-risk and quality of life assessments were obtained through owner interviews focusing on potential adverse events. RESULTS The treatment effect estimate was an 84% (95% confidence interval = 75-89%) reduction in mean number of scratching events relative to baseline compared with placebo (p < 0.0001). Owner-assessed satisfactory quality of life was status quo and rated as 'good' or 'could not be better' in six/11 dogs and improved in four/11 dogs. The most prevalent adverse events were increased appetite in nine/12 dogs and transient ataxia in nine/12 dogs. There was one dog withdrawn by the owner 7 days after crossover to PGN owing to persistent ataxia. No dogs needed rescue analgesia during the trial. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE PGN is superior to placebo in the reduction of clinical signs of SM-related CNeP in dogs. At a dose range of 13-19 mg kg-1 orally twice daily, the encountered adverse events were acceptable to all but one owner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria S Thoefner
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Lene T Skovgaard
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Fintan J McEvoy
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Berendt
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ole J Bjerrum
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kushner J, Ferrer X, Marx SO. Roles and Regulation of Voltage-gated Calcium Channels in Arrhythmias. J Innov Card Rhythm Manag 2019; 10:3874-3880. [PMID: 32494407 PMCID: PMC7252866 DOI: 10.19102/icrm.2019.101006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium flowing through voltage-dependent calcium channels into cardiomyocytes mediates excitation–contraction coupling, controls action-potential duration and automaticity in nodal cells, and regulates gene expression. Proper surface targeting and basal and hormonal regulation of calcium channels are vital for normal cardiac physiology. In this review, we discuss the roles of voltage-gated calcium channels in the heart and the mechanisms by which these channels are regulated by physiological signaling pathways in health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jared Kushner
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xavier Ferrer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Steven O Marx
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Punetha J, Karaca E, Gezdirici A, Lamont RE, Pehlivan D, Marafi D, Appendino JP, Hunter JV, Akdemir ZC, Fatih JM, Jhangiani SN, Gibbs RA, Innes AM, Posey JE, Lupski JR. Biallelic CACNA2D2 variants in epileptic encephalopathy and cerebellar atrophy. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2019; 6:1395-1406. [PMID: 31402629 PMCID: PMC6689679 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.50824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize the molecular and clinical phenotypic basis of developmental and epileptic encephalopathies caused by rare biallelic variants in CACNA2D2. METHODS Two affected individuals from a family with clinical features of early onset epileptic encephalopathy were recruited for exome sequencing at the Centers for Mendelian Genomics to identify their molecular diagnosis. GeneMatcher facilitated identification of a second family with a shared candidate disease gene identified through clinical gene panel-based testing. RESULTS Rare biallelic CACNA2D2 variants have been previously reported in three families with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, and one family with congenital ataxia. We identified three individuals in two unrelated families with novel homozygous rare variants in CACNA2D2 with clinical features of developmental and epileptic encephalopathy and cerebellar atrophy. Family 1 includes two affected siblings with a likely damaging homozygous rare missense variant c.1778G>C; p.(Arg593Pro) in CACNA2D2. Family 2 includes a proband with a homozygous rare nonsense variant c.485_486del; p.(Tyr162Ter) in CACNA2D2. We compared clinical and molecular findings from all nine individuals reported to date and note that cerebellar atrophy is shared among all. INTERPRETATION Our study supports the candidacy of CACNA2D2 as a disease gene associated with a phenotypic spectrum of neurological disease that include features of developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, ataxia, and cerebellar atrophy. Age at presentation may affect apparent penetrance of neurogenetic trait manifestations and of a particular clinical neurological endophenotype, for example, seizures or ataxia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Punetha
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Ender Karaca
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Alper Gezdirici
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ryan E Lamont
- Department of Medical Genetics, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Davut Pehlivan
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Section of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Dana Marafi
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Juan P Appendino
- Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jill V Hunter
- Department of Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Zeynep C Akdemir
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Jawid M Fatih
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Richard A Gibbs
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - A Micheil Innes
- Department of Medical Genetics, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jennifer E Posey
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - James R Lupski
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas.,Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Protein profiling of cerebrospinal fluid from patients undergoing vestibular schwannoma surgery and clinical significance. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 116:108985. [PMID: 31146115 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vestibular schwannoma (VS) is a common disease in the region of the cerebellopontine angle in the posterior cranial fossa. Large VS and its surgical management usually lead to severe cranial nerve dysfunction and affect the patient's quality of life. We aimed to find some possible progression markers of VS. Here, we sought to characterize the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteome of patients with different VS grades and recurrence to identify biomarkers predictive of VS growth or recurrence. CSF was collected intraoperatively prior to removal of untreated VS, including grade I-V and recurrence. Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation-based proteomic analysis of CSF from 43 VS patients and 3 control patients was used to identify candidate proteins. Ninety-three overlapping proteins were found to display differential expression in grade I, II, III, IV, and V VS patients compared with the control group. Nine proteins were chosen for validation with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. VS was distinguished from control patients based on the expression patterns of six proteins (ATP-binding cassette subfamily A member 3 [ABCA3], secretogranin-1 [SCG1], Krueppel-like factor 11 [KLF11], voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1 [CA2D1], brain acid soluble protein 1 [BASP1], and peroxiredoxin-2 [PRDX2]. ABCA3 and KLF11 were positively correlated with the size of early-phase of VS, while BASP1 and PRDX2 showed a negative correlation. ABCA3, CA2D1, and KLF11 were upregulated, while BASP1 and PRDX2 were downregulated in the CSF from VS recurrence. But SCG1 was increased only at early-phase. These data suggest that increased ABCA3 and KLF11 and decreased BASP1 and PRDX2 in CSF are associated with VS growth at the early phase or recurrence.
Collapse
|
28
|
Nie C, Qin X, Li X, Tian B, Zhao Y, Jin Y, Li Y, Wang Q, Zeng D, Hong A, Chen X. CACNA2D3 Enhances the Chemosensitivity of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma to Cisplatin via Inducing Ca 2+-Mediated Apoptosis and Suppressing PI3K/Akt Pathways. Front Oncol 2019; 9:185. [PMID: 31001468 PMCID: PMC6454090 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to platinum-based combination chemotherapy is the main cause of poor prognosis in patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Previously, we showed that CACNA2D3 (voltage-dependent subunit alpha 2 delta 3 of a calcium channel complex) was significantly downregulated and functioned as a tumor suppressor in ESCC, but its role in the chemosensitivity of ESCC to cisplatin remained unknown. Here, we found that the expression of CACNA2D3 was significantly associated with poor platinum response in ESCC patients from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Overexpression of CACNA2D3 increased sensitivity to cisplatin in ESCC in vitro, whereas knockdown of CACNA2D3 increased cisplatin resistance. CACNA2D3 promoted cisplatin-induced apoptosis by modulating intracellular Ca2+ stores. In vivo experiments further showed that overexpression of CACNA2D3 enhanced cisplatin anti-tumor effects in a xenograft mouse model. CACNA2D3 overexpression also resulted in the attenuation of PI3K and Akt phosphorylation. Treatment with the PI3K/Akt inhibitor LY294002 restored the chemosensitivity of CACAN2D3-knockdown cells to cisplatin. In conclusion, the results of the current study indicate that CACAN2D3 enhances the chemosensitivity of ESCC to cisplatin via inducing Ca2+-mediated apoptosis and suppressing PI3K/Akt pathways. Therefore, regulating the expression of CACNA2D3 is a potential new strategy to increase the efficacy of cisplatin in ESCC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changjun Nie
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Genetics, Liuzhou Maternal and Children Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Qin
- Department of Medical Genetics, Liuzhou Maternal and Children Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baoqing Tian
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Jin
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yadan Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dingyuan Zeng
- Department of Medical Genetics, Liuzhou Maternal and Children Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - An Hong
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojia Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ma H, Chen S, Chen H, Zhou J, Li D, Pan H. α2δ-1 couples to NMDA receptors in the hypothalamus to sustain sympathetic vasomotor activity in hypertension. J Physiol 2018; 596:4269-4283. [PMID: 29971791 PMCID: PMC6117594 DOI: 10.1113/jp276394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS α2δ-1 is upregulated, promoting the interaction with NMDA receptors (NMDARs), in the hypothalamus in a rat model of hypertension. The prevalence of α2δ-1-bound NMDARs at synaptic sites in the hypothalamus is increased in hypertensive animals. α2δ-1 is essential for the increased presynaptic and postsynaptic NMDAR activity of hypothalamic neurons in hypertension. α2δ-1-bound NMDARs in the hypothalamus are critically involved in augmented sympathetic outflow in hypertensive animals. ABSTRACT Increased glutamate NMDA receptor (NMDAR) activity in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus leads to augmented sympathetic outflow in hypertension. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect remain unclear. α2δ-1, previously considered to be a voltage-activated calcium channel subunit, is a newly discovered powerful regulator of NMDARs. In the present study, we determined the role of α2δ-1 in regulating synaptic NMDAR activity of rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM)-projecting PVN neurons in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). We show that the protein levels of α2δ-1 and NMDARs in synaptosomes and the α2δ-1-NMDAR complexes in the hypothalamus were substantially higher in SHRs than in normotensive control rats. The basal amplitude of evoked NMDAR currents and NMDAR-mediated synaptic glutamate release in RVLM-projecting PVN neurons were significantly increased in SHRs. Strikingly, inhibiting α2δ-1 activity with gabapentin or disrupting the α2δ-1-NMDAR association with an α2δ-1 C-terminus peptide completely normalized the amplitude of evoked NMDAR currents and NMDAR-mediated synaptic glutamate release in RVLM-projecting PVN neurons in SHRs. In addition, microinjection of the α2δ-1 C-terminus peptide into the PVN substantially reduced arterial blood pressure and renal sympathetic nerve discharges in SHRs. Our findings indicate that α2δ-1-bound NMDARs in the PVN are required for the potentiated presynaptic and postsynaptic NMDAR activity of PVN presympathetic neurons and for the elevated sympathetic outflow in hypertension. α2δ-1-bound NMDARs may be an opportune target for treating neurogenic hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huijie Ma
- Center for Neuroscience and Pain Research, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA
- Department of PhysiologyHebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Shao‐Rui Chen
- Center for Neuroscience and Pain Research, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA
| | - Hong Chen
- Center for Neuroscience and Pain Research, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA
| | - Jing‐Jing Zhou
- Center for Neuroscience and Pain Research, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA
| | - De‐Pei Li
- Center for Neuroscience and Pain Research, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA
| | - Hui‐Lin Pan
- Center for Neuroscience and Pain Research, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Peripheral gabapentin regulates mosquito allergy-induced itch in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 833:44-49. [PMID: 29842875 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The antipruritic activity of gabapentin, an anticonvulsant, was studied in a mouse model of allergic itch. In mice sensitized by an extract of the salivary glands of the mosquito (ESGM), an intradermal injection of ESGM elicited scratching and increased peripheral nerve firing. Oral or intradermal administration of gabapentin at the ESGM injection site inhibited ESGM-induced scratching and peripheral nerve firing. However, gabapentin did not affect histamine-induced scratching. The distributions of immunoreactivity to the voltage-dependent calcium channel α2δ-1 subunit, a site of gabapentin action, and the histamine H1 receptor differed in the mouse dorsal root ganglia. The α2δ-1 subunit was mainly found in neurons that were 15-20 µm in diameter, whereas the H1 receptor was mainly in 20-30 µm neurons. In addition, α2δ-1 subunit immunoreactivity co-localized with that of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1). These results suggest that gabapentin regulates allergic itch by acting on the calcium channel α2δ-1 subunit in peripheral TRPV1-positive neurons.
Collapse
|
31
|
Takahashi DK, Jin S, Prince DA. Gabapentin Prevents Progressive Increases in Excitatory Connectivity and Epileptogenesis Following Neocortical Trauma. Cereb Cortex 2018; 28:2725-2740. [PMID: 28981586 PMCID: PMC6041890 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhx152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neocortical injury initiates a cascade of events, some of which result in maladaptive epileptogenic reorganization of surviving neural circuits. Research focused on molecular and organizational changes that occur following trauma may reveal processes that underlie human post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE), a common and unfortunate consequence of traumatic brain injury. The latency between injury and development of PTE provides an opportunity for prophylactic intervention, once the key underlying mechanisms are understood. In rodent neocortex, injury to pyramidal neurons promotes axonal sprouting, resulting in increased excitatory circuitry that is one important factor promoting epileptogenesis. We used laser-scanning photostimulation of caged glutamate and whole-cell recordings in in vitro slices from injured neocortex to assess formation of new excitatory synapses, a process known to rely on astrocyte-secreted thrombospondins (TSPs), and to map the distribution of maladaptive circuit reorganization. We show that this reorganization is centered principally in layer V and associated with development of epileptiform activity. Short-term blockade of the synaptogenic effects of astrocyte-secreted TSPs with gabapentin (GBP) after injury suppresses the new excitatory connectivity and epileptogenesis for at least 2 weeks. Results reveal that aberrant circuit rewiring is progressive in vivo and provide further rationale for prophylactic anti-epileptogenic use of gabapentinoids following cortical trauma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D K Takahashi
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sha Jin
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - D A Prince
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Risher WC, Kim N, Koh S, Choi JE, Mitev P, Spence EF, Pilaz LJ, Wang D, Feng G, Silver DL, Soderling SH, Yin HH, Eroglu C. Thrombospondin receptor α2δ-1 promotes synaptogenesis and spinogenesis via postsynaptic Rac1. J Cell Biol 2018; 217:3747-3765. [PMID: 30054448 PMCID: PMC6168259 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201802057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes promote synapse formation during development via secreted factors including thrombospondin family proteins, which act through the neuronal calcium channel subunit α2δ-1. Risher et al. demonstrate that this process requires signaling via the Rho GTPase Rac1 to facilitate the maturation of dendritic spine synapses in the cortex. Astrocytes control excitatory synaptogenesis by secreting thrombospondins (TSPs), which function via their neuronal receptor, the calcium channel subunit α2δ-1. α2δ-1 is a drug target for epilepsy and neuropathic pain; thus the TSP–α2δ-1 interaction is implicated in both synaptic development and disease pathogenesis. However, the mechanism by which this interaction promotes synaptogenesis and the requirement for α2δ-1 for connectivity of the developing mammalian brain are unknown. In this study, we show that global or cell-specific loss of α2δ-1 yields profound deficits in excitatory synapse numbers, ultrastructure, and activity and severely stunts spinogenesis in the mouse cortex. Postsynaptic but not presynaptic α2δ-1 is required and sufficient for TSP-induced synaptogenesis in vitro and spine formation in vivo, but an α2δ-1 mutant linked to autism cannot rescue these synaptogenesis defects. Finally, we reveal that TSP–α2δ-1 interactions control synaptogenesis postsynaptically via Rac1, suggesting potential molecular mechanisms that underlie both synaptic development and pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Christopher Risher
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV .,Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Namsoo Kim
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Sehwon Koh
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Ji-Eun Choi
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Petar Mitev
- Department of Pharmacology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Erin F Spence
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Louis-Jan Pilaz
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Dongqing Wang
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Guoping Feng
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Debra L Silver
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.,Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Durham, NC
| | - Scott H Soderling
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.,Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Durham, NC.,Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Henry H Yin
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC.,Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Durham, NC.,Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Cagla Eroglu
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC .,Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Durham, NC.,Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
α2δ-1 Is Essential for Sympathetic Output and NMDA Receptor Activity Potentiated by Angiotensin II in the Hypothalamus. J Neurosci 2018; 38:6388-6398. [PMID: 29921713 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0447-18.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Both the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin system are critically involved in hypertension development. Although angiotensin II (Ang II) stimulates hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) neurons to increase sympathetic vasomotor tone, the molecular mechanism mediating this action remains unclear. The glutamate NMDAR in the PVN controls sympathetic outflow in hypertension. In this study, we determined the interaction between α2δ-1 (encoded by Cacna2d1), commonly known as a Ca2+ channel subunit, and NMDARs in the hypothalamus and its role in Ang II-induced synaptic NMDAR activity in PVN presympathetic neurons. Coimmunoprecipitation assays showed that α2δ-1 interacted with the NMDAR in the hypothalamus of male rats and humans (both sexes). Ang II increased the prevalence of synaptic α2δ-1-NMDAR complexes in the hypothalamus. Also, Ang II increased presynaptic and postsynaptic NMDAR activity via AT1 receptors, and such effects were abolished either by treatment with pregabalin, an inhibitory α2δ-1 ligand, or by interrupting the α2δ-1-NMDAR interaction with an α2δ-1 C terminus-interfering peptide. In Cacna2d1 knock-out mice (both sexes), Ang II failed to affect the presynaptic and postsynaptic NMDAR activity of PVN neurons. In addition, the α2δ-1 C terminus-interfering peptide blocked the sympathoexcitatory response to microinjection of Ang II into the PVN. Our findings indicate that Ang II augments sympathetic vasomotor tone and excitatory glutamatergic input to PVN presympathetic neurons by stimulating α2δ-1-bound NMDARs at synapses. This information extends our understanding of the molecular basis for the interaction between the sympathetic nervous and renin-angiotensin systems and suggests new strategies for treating neurogenic hypertension.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Although both the sympathetic nervous system and renin-angiotensin system are closely involved in hypertension development, the molecular mechanisms mediating this involvement remain unclear. We showed that α2δ-1, previously known as a calcium channel subunit, interacts with NMDARs in the hypothalamus of rodents and humans. Angiotensin II (Ang II) increases the synaptic expression level of α2δ-1-NMDAR complexes. Furthermore, inhibiting α2δ-1, interrupting the α2δ-1-NMDAR interaction, or deleting α2δ-1 abolishes the potentiating effects of Ang II on presynaptic and postsynaptic NMDAR activity in the hypothalamus. In addition, the sympathoexcitatory response to Ang II depends on α2δ-1-bound NMDARs. Thus, α2δ-1-NMDAR complexes in the hypothalamus serve as an important molecular substrate for the interaction between the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin system. This evidence suggests that α2δ-1 may be a useful target for the treatment neurogenic hypertension.
Collapse
|
34
|
Gong N, Park J, Luo ZD. Injury-induced maladaptation and dysregulation of calcium channel α 2 δ subunit proteins and its contribution to neuropathic pain development. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:2231-2243. [PMID: 28646556 PMCID: PMC5980513 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) play important roles in physiological functions including the modulation of neurotransmitter release, neuronal network activities, intracellular signalling pathways and gene expression. Some pathological conditions, including nerve injuries, can cause the dysregulation of VGCCs and their subunits. This in turn can lead to a functional maladaptation of VGCCs and their subunits, which can contribute to the development of disorders such as pain sensations. This review has summarized recent findings related to maladaptive changes in the dysregulated VGCC α2 δ1 subunit (Cav α2 δ1 ) with a focus on exploring the mechanisms underlying the contribution of Cav α2 δ1 to pain signal transduction. At least under neuropathic pain conditions, the dysregulated Cav α2 δ1 can modulate VGCC functions as well as other plasticity changes. The latter includes abnormal excitatory synaptogenesis resulting from its interactions with injury-induced extracellular matrix glycoprotein molecule thrombospondins, which is independent of the VGCC functions. Blocking Cav α2 δ1 with gabapentinoids can reverse neuropathic pain significantly with relatively mild side effects, but only in a small population of neuropathic pain patients due to reasons yet to be explored. There are emerging data suggesting that early preventive treatment with gabapentinoids can prevent aberrant excitatory synapse formation and the development of chronic pain. If these findings are confirmed clinically, this could be an attractive approach for neuropathic pain management. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Recent Advances in Targeting Ion Channels to Treat Chronic Pain. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.12/issuetoc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nian Gong
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative CareSchool of Medicine, University of California IrvineIrvineCAUSA
| | - John Park
- Department of Pharmacology, School of MedicineUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCAUSA
| | - Z David Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative CareSchool of Medicine, University of California IrvineIrvineCAUSA
- Department of Pharmacology, School of MedicineUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCAUSA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Celli R, Santolini I, Guiducci M, van Luijtelaar G, Parisi P, Striano P, Gradini R, Battaglia G, Ngomba RT, Nicoletti F. The α2δ Subunit and Absence Epilepsy: Beyond Calcium Channels? Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 15:918-925. [PMID: 28290248 PMCID: PMC5652034 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666170309105451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Spike-wave discharges, underlying absence seizures, are generated within a cortico-thalamo-cortical network that involves the somatosensory cortex, the reticular thalamic nucleus, and the ventrobasal thalamic nuclei. Activation of T-type voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCCs) contributes to the pathological oscillatory activity of this network, and some of the first-line drugs used in the treatment of absence epilepsy inhibit T-type calcium channels. The α2δ subunit is a component of high voltage-activated VSCCs (i.e., L-, N-, P/Q-, and R channels) and studies carried out in heterologous expression systems suggest that it may also associate with T channels. The α2δ subunit is also targeted by thrombospondins, which regulate synaptogenesis in the central nervous system. Objective: To discuss the potential role for the thrombospondin/α2δ axis in the pathophysiology of absence epilepsy. Methods: We searched PubMed articles for the terms “absence epilepsy”, “T-type voltage-sensitive calcium channels”, “α2δ subunit”, “ducky mice”, “pregabalin”, “gabapentin”, “thrombospondins”, and included papers focusing this Review's scope. Results: We moved from the evidence that mice lacking the α2δ-2 subunit show absence seizures and α2δ ligands (gabapentin and pregabalin) are detrimental in the treatment of absence epilepsy. This suggests that α2δ may be protective against absence epilepsy via a mechanism that does not involve T channels. We discuss the interaction between thrombospondins and α2δ and its potential relevance in the regulation of excitatory synaptic formation in the cortico-thalamo-cortical network. Conclusion: We speculate on the possibility that the thrombospondin/α2δ axis is critical for the correct functioning of the cortico-thalamo-cortical network, and that abnormalities in this axis may play a role in the pathophysiology of absence epilepsy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Celli
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, Neuropharmacology Unit, Pozzilli, (IS), Italy
| | - Ines Santolini
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, Neuropharmacology Unit, Pozzilli, (IS), Italy
| | - Michela Guiducci
- Departments of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Experimental Medicine, and Physiology and Pharmacology, University Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Gilles van Luijtelaar
- Donders Centre for Cognition, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen. Netherlands
| | - Pasquale Parisi
- Departments of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Experimental Medicine, and Physiology and Pharmacology, University Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale Striano
- Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, "G. Gaslini" Institute, Genova, Italy
| | - Roberto Gradini
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, Neuropharmacology Unit, Pozzilli, (IS), Italy
| | | | - Richard T Ngomba
- University of Lincoln, School of Pharmacy, Lincoln, United Kingdom
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Bellessort B, Bachelot A, Grouthier V, De Lombares C, Narboux-Neme N, Garagnani P, Pirazzini C, Astigiano S, Mastracci L, Fontaine A, Alfama G, Duvernois-Berthet E, Levi G. Comparative analysis of molecular signatures suggests the use of gabapentin for the management of endometriosis-associated pain. J Pain Res 2018; 11:715-725. [PMID: 29692624 PMCID: PMC5903492 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s163611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It has been repetitively shown that the transcription factors DLX5 and DLX6 are drastically downregulated in endometriotic lesions when compared with eutopic endometrium. These findings suggest that regulatory cascades involving DLX5/6 might be at the origin of endometriosis symptoms such as chronic pelvic pain (CPP). We have shown that inactivation of Dlx5 and Dlx5/6 in the mouse uterus results in an endometrial phenotype reminiscent of endometriosis. Methods We focused on genes that present a similar deregulation in endometriosis and in Dlx5/6-null mice in search of new endometriosis targets. Results We confirmed a strong reduction of DLX5 expression in endometriosis implants. We identified a signature of 30 genes similarly deregulated in human endometriosis implants and in Dlx5/6-null mouse uteri, reinforcing the notion that the downregulation of Dlx5/6 is an early event in the progress of endometriosis. CACNA2D3, a component of the α2δ family of voltage-dependent calcium channel complex, was strongly overexpressed both in mutant mouse uteri and in endometriosis implants, were also CACNA2D1 and CACNA2D2, other members of the α2δ family involved in nociception, are upregulated. Conclusion Comparative analysis of gene expression signatures from endometriosis and mouse models showed that calcium channel subunits α2δ involved in nociception can be targets for the treatment of endometriosis-associated pain. CACNA2D3 has been associated with pain sensitization and heat nociception in animal models. In patients, CACNA2D3 variants were associated with reduced sensitivity to acute noxious stimuli. As α2δs were targets of gabapentinoid analgesics, the results suggested the use of these drugs for the treatment of endometriosis-associated pain. Indeed, recent small-scale clinical studies have shown that gabapentin could be effective in women with CPP. The findings of this study reinforce the need for a large definitive trial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brice Bellessort
- Evolution of Endocrine Regulations, Department AVIV, National Museum of Natural History, Paris, France
| | - Anne Bachelot
- Evolution of Endocrine Regulations, Department AVIV, National Museum of Natural History, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Reference Center for Rare Endocrine Diseases, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, UPMC, Paris, France
| | - Virginie Grouthier
- AP-HP, Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Reference Center for Rare Endocrine Diseases, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, UPMC, Paris, France
| | - Camille De Lombares
- Evolution of Endocrine Regulations, Department AVIV, National Museum of Natural History, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Narboux-Neme
- Evolution of Endocrine Regulations, Department AVIV, National Museum of Natural History, Paris, France
| | - Paolo Garagnani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center "L. Galvani", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Pirazzini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center "L. Galvani", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simonetta Astigiano
- Department of Integrated Oncological Therapies, San Martino Hospital, Genova, Italy
| | - Luca Mastracci
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy.,Division of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Surgical Science and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Anastasia Fontaine
- Evolution of Endocrine Regulations, Department AVIV, National Museum of Natural History, Paris, France
| | - Gladys Alfama
- Evolution of Endocrine Regulations, Department AVIV, National Museum of Natural History, Paris, France
| | - Evelyne Duvernois-Berthet
- Evolution of Endocrine Regulations, Department AVIV, National Museum of Natural History, Paris, France
| | - Giovanni Levi
- Evolution of Endocrine Regulations, Department AVIV, National Museum of Natural History, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
|
38
|
Warner FM, Cragg JJ, Jutzeler CR, Röhrich F, Weidner N, Saur M, Maier DD, Schuld C, Curt A, Kramer JK. Early Administration of Gabapentinoids Improves Motor Recovery after Human Spinal Cord Injury. Cell Rep 2017; 18:1614-1618. [PMID: 28199834 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The anticonvulsant pregabalin promotes neural regeneration in a mouse model of spinal cord injury (SCI). We have also previously observed that anticonvulsants improve motor outcomes following human SCI. The present study examined the optimal timing and type of anticonvulsants administered in a large, prospective, multi-center, cohort study in acute SCI. Mixed-effects regression techniques were used to model total motor scores at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post injury. We found that early (not late) administration of anticonvulsants significantly improved motor recovery (6.25 points over 1 year). The beneficial effect of anticonvulsants remained significant after adjustment for differences in 1-month motor scores and injury characteristics. A review of a subset of patients revealed that gabapentinoids were the most frequently administrated anticonvulsant. Together with preclinical findings, intervention with anticonvulsants represents a potential pharmacological strategy to improve motor function after SCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Freda M Warner
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada; International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Jacquelyn J Cragg
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada; Spinal Cord Injury Center, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zurich 8008, Switzerland
| | - Catherine R Jutzeler
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada; International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada; Spinal Cord Injury Center, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zurich 8008, Switzerland
| | - Frank Röhrich
- Berufsgenossenschaftliche Klinik Bergmanstrost of Halle, Halle 06112, Germany
| | - Norbert Weidner
- Spinal Cord Injury Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Marion Saur
- Orthopädische Klinik, Hessisch Lichtenau 37235, Germany
| | - Doris D Maier
- Berufsgenossenschaftliche Unfallklinik Murnau, Murnau 82418, Germany
| | - Christian Schuld
- Spinal Cord Injury Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Armin Curt
- Spinal Cord Injury Center, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zurich 8008, Switzerland; European Multi-centre Study about Spinal Cord Injury (EMSCI) Study Group, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zurich 8008, Switzerland
| | - John K Kramer
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada; International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
The biological activity and geographical distribution of honey bees is strongly temperature-dependent, due to their ectothermic physiology. In China, the endemic Apis cerana cerana exhibits stronger cold hardiness than Western honey bees, making the former species important pollinators of winter-flowering plants. Although studies have examined behavioral and physiological mechanisms underlying cold resistance in bees, data are scarce regarding the exact molecular mechanisms. Here, we investigated gene expression in A. c. cerana under two temperature treatments, using transcriptomic analysis to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and relevant biological processes, respectively. Across the temperature treatments, 501 DEGs were identified. A gene ontology analysis showed that DEGs were enriched in pathways related to sugar and amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism, as well as calcium ion channel activity. Additionally, heat shock proteins, zinc finger proteins, and serine/threonine-protein kinases were differentially expressed between the two treatments. The results of this study provide a general digital expression profile of thermoregulation genes responding to cold hardiness in A. c. cerana. Our data should prove valuable for future research on cold tolerance mechanisms in insects, and may be beneficial in breeding efforts to improve bee hardiness.
Collapse
|
40
|
Faria LC, Gu F, Parada I, Barres B, Luo ZD, Prince DA. Epileptiform activity and behavioral arrests in mice overexpressing the calcium channel subunit α2δ-1. Neurobiol Dis 2017; 102:70-80. [PMID: 28193459 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2017.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The alpha2delta-1 subunit (α2δ-1) of voltage-gated calcium channels is a receptor for astrocyte-secreted thrombospondins that promote developmental synaptogenesis. Alpha2delta-1 receptors are upregulated in models of injury-induced peripheral pain and epileptogenic neocortical trauma associated with an enhancement of excitatory synaptic connectivity. These results lead to the hypothesis that overexpression of α2δ-1 alone in neocortex of uninjured transgenic (TG) mice might result in increased excitatory connectivity and consequent cortical hyperexcitability and epileptiform activity. Whole cell recordings from layer V pyramidal neurons in somatosensory cortical slices of TG mice showed increased frequency and amplitude of miniature and spontaneous EPSCs and prolonged bursts of polysynaptic EPSCs. Epileptiform field potentials were evoked in layers II/III and V of brain slices from TG mice, but not controls. Dual immunoreactivity for Vglut-2 and PSD95 showed increased density of close appositions in TG mice compared to controls, suggesting an increased number of excitatory synapses. Video-EEG monitoring showed that 13/13 implanted TG mice aged >P21, but not controls, had frequent abnormal spontaneous epileptiform events, consisting of variable duration, high amplitude bi-hemispheric irregular bursts of delta activity, spikes and sharp waves lasting many seconds, with a variable peak frequency of ~1-3Hz, associated with behavioral arrest. The epileptiform EEG abnormalities and behavioral arrests were reversibly eliminated by treatment with i.p. ethosuximide. Behavioral seizures, consisting of ~15-30s duration episodes of rigid arched tail and head and body extension, followed by loss of balance and falling, frequently occurred in adult TG mice during recovery from isoflurane-induced anesthesia, but were rare in WT mice. Results show that over-expression of α2δ-1 subunits increases cortical excitatory connectivity and leads to neocortical hyperexcitability and epileptiform activity associated with behavioral arrests in adult TG mice. Similar increases in expression of α2δ-1 in models of cortical injury may play an important role in epileptogenesis. SIGNIFICANCE Binding of astrocytic-secreted thrombospondins to their α2δ-1 receptor facilitates excitatory synapse formation and excitatory transmission during cortical development and after injury. Upregulation of α2δ-1 is present in models of injury-induced pain and epileptogenic cortical trauma, along with many other molecular alterations. Here we show that overexpression of α2δ-1 alone in TG mice can enhance excitatory connectivity in neocortex and lead to neural circuit hyperexcitability and episodes of electrographic epileptiform activity, associated with behavioral arrests in transgenic mice. α2δ-1 is the high-affinity receptor for gabapentinoids and a potential target for prophylactic treatment of posttraumatic epilepsy and other disorders in which excessive aberrant excitatory connectivity is a pathophysiological feature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo C Faria
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Feng Gu
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Isabel Parada
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ben Barres
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5125, USA
| | - Z David Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care, Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA 92868, USA
| | - David A Prince
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Moshiri M, Moallem SA, Attaranzadeh A, Saberi Z, Etemad L. Injury to skeletal muscle of mice following acute and sub-acute pregabalin exposure. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2017; 20:256-259. [PMID: 28392896 PMCID: PMC5378961 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2017.8352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective(s): Pregabalin (PGB) is a new antiepileptic drug that has received FDA approval for patient who suffers from central neuropathic pain, partial seizures, generalized anxiety disorder, fibromyalgia and sleep disorders. This study was undertaken to evaluate the possible adverse effects of PGB on the muscular system of mice. Materials and Methods: To evaluate the effect of PGB on skeletal muscle, the animals were exposed to a single dose of 1, 2 or 5 g /kg or daily doses of 20, 40 or 80 mg/kg for 21 days, intraperitoneally (IP). Twaenty-four hr after the last drug administration, all animals were sacrificed. The level of fast-twitch skeletal muscle troponin I and CK-MM activity were evaluated in blood as an indicator of muscle injury. Skeletal muscle pathological findings were also reported as scores ranging from 1 to 3 based on the observed lesion. Results: In the acute and sub-acute toxicity assay IP injection of PGB significantly increased the activity and levels of CK-MM and fsTnI compared to the control group. Sub-acute exposure to PGB caused damages that include muscle atrophy, infiltration of inflammatory cells and cell degeneration. Conclusion: PGB administration especially in long term care causes muscle atrophy with infiltration of inflammatory cells and cell degeneration. The fsTnI and CK-MM are reliable markers in PGB-related muscle injury. The exact mechanisms behind the muscular damage are unclear and necessitate further investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Moshiri
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Adel Moallem
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Armin Attaranzadeh
- Milad Infertility Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Saberi
- Nanotechnology Research Center School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Leila Etemad
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Trafficking of neuronal calcium channels. Neuronal Signal 2017; 1:NS20160003. [PMID: 32714572 PMCID: PMC7373241 DOI: 10.1042/ns20160003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) serve complex yet essential physiological functions via their pivotal role in translating electrical signals into intracellular calcium elevations and associated downstream signalling pathways. There are a number of regulatory mechanisms to ensure a dynamic control of the number of channels embedded in the plasma membrane, whereas alteration of the surface expression of VGCCs has been linked to various disease conditions. Here, we provide an overview of the mechanisms that control the trafficking of VGCCs to and from the plasma membrane, and discuss their implication in pathophysiological conditions and their potential as therapeutic targets.
Collapse
|
43
|
McKinnon D, Rosati B. Transmural gradients in ion channel and auxiliary subunit expression. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 122:165-186. [PMID: 27702655 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2016.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Evolution has acted to shape the action potential in different regions of the heart in order to produce a maximally stable and efficient pump. This has been achieved by creating regional differences in ion channel expression levels within the heart as well as differences between equivalent cardiac tissues in different species. These region- and species-dependent differences in channel expression are established by regulatory evolution, evolution of the regulatory mechanisms that control channel expression levels. Ion channel auxiliary subunits are obvious targets for regulatory evolution, in order to change channel expression levels and/or modify channel function. This review focuses on the transmural gradients of ion channel expression in the heart and the role that regulation of auxiliary subunit expression plays in generating and shaping these gradients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David McKinnon
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport, NY, USA; Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA; Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Barbara Rosati
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport, NY, USA; Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Tedeschi A, Dupraz S, Laskowski CJ, Xue J, Ulas T, Beyer M, Schultze JL, Bradke F. The Calcium Channel Subunit Alpha2delta2 Suppresses Axon Regeneration in the Adult CNS. Neuron 2016; 92:419-434. [PMID: 27720483 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2016.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Injuries to the adult CNS often result in permanent disabilities because neurons lose the ability to regenerate their axon during development. Here, whole transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis followed by gain- and loss-of-function experiments identified Cacna2d2, the gene encoding the Alpha2delta2 subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs), as a developmental switch that limits axon growth and regeneration. Cacna2d2 gene deletion or silencing promoted axon growth in vitro. In vivo, Alpha2delta2 pharmacological blockade through Pregabalin (PGB) administration enhanced axon regeneration in adult mice after spinal cord injury (SCI). As PGB is already an established treatment for a wide range of neurological disorders, our findings suggest that targeting Alpha2delta2 may be a novel treatment strategy to promote structural plasticity and regeneration following CNS trauma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Tedeschi
- Axonal Growth and Regeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sebastian Dupraz
- Axonal Growth and Regeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - Claudia J Laskowski
- Axonal Growth and Regeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jia Xue
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, LIMES-Institute, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Ulas
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, LIMES-Institute, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Marc Beyer
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, LIMES-Institute, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Joachim L Schultze
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, LIMES-Institute, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - Frank Bradke
- Axonal Growth and Regeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 53175 Bonn, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Jin Y, Cui D, Ren J, Wang K, Zeng T, Gao L. CACNA2D3 is downregulated in gliomas and functions as a tumor suppressor. Mol Carcinog 2016; 56:945-959. [PMID: 27583705 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
CACNA2D3, an auxiliary member of the alpha-2/delta subunit three family of the voltage-dependent calcium channel complex, plays a critical role in tumor suppression. However, its role in glioma carcinogenesis remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the putative tumor suppressive role of CACNA2D3 in gliomas. Downregulation of CACNA2D3 was frequently detected in glioma tissues and cells compared with their non-tumorigenic counterparts, and correlated with poor survival. To investigate the underlying mechanism of CACNA2D3 in the development and progression of glioma, we performed CACNA2D3 ectopic expression in glioma cells (U87 and U251) and knockdown of CACNA2D3 in LN229 cells and conducted in vitro and in vivo functional assays. Our findings showed that increased intracellular calcium (Ca2+ ) mediated by overexpression of CACNA2D3 induced mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, upregulation of NLK (through the Wnt/Ca2+ pathway) and inhibition of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Ectopic expression of CACNA2D3 inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumor growth in vitro and in vivo, whereas CACNA2D3 depletion inhibited cell viability and invasion. Furthermore, we confirmed that CACNA2D3 increased NLK expression in vitro by immunostaining and found that downregulation of CACNA2D3 in glioma cells and high-grade glioma tissue was accompanied by increased methylation. A reporter assay showed increased luciferase activity in NLK knockdown glioma cells and transcriptional activity of β-cantenin/TCF was remarkably enhanced, which further confirmed that NLK antagonizes Wnt signaling-mediated anchorage-dependent and independent cell proliferation and invasion. This mechanism may contribute to a better understanding of glioma cancer pathogenesis and facilitate the development of new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of this disease. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Daming Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Ren
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Dolphin AC. Voltage-gated calcium channels and their auxiliary subunits: physiology and pathophysiology and pharmacology. J Physiol 2016; 594:5369-90. [PMID: 27273705 PMCID: PMC5043047 DOI: 10.1113/jp272262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage‐gated calcium channels are essential players in many physiological processes in excitable cells. There are three main subdivisions of calcium channel, defined by the pore‐forming α1 subunit, the CaV1, CaV2 and CaV3 channels. For all the subtypes of voltage‐gated calcium channel, their gating properties are key for the precise control of neurotransmitter release, muscle contraction and cell excitability, among many other processes. For the CaV1 and CaV2 channels, their ability to reach their required destinations in the cell membrane, their activation and the fine tuning of their biophysical properties are all dramatically influenced by the auxiliary subunits that associate with them. Furthermore, there are many diseases, both genetic and acquired, involving voltage‐gated calcium channels. This review will provide a general introduction and then concentrate particularly on the role of auxiliary α2δ subunits in both physiological and pathological processes involving calcium channels, and as a therapeutic target.
![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annette C Dolphin
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Zamponi GW, Striessnig J, Koschak A, Dolphin AC. The Physiology, Pathology, and Pharmacology of Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels and Their Future Therapeutic Potential. Pharmacol Rev 2015; 67:821-70. [PMID: 26362469 PMCID: PMC4630564 DOI: 10.1124/pr.114.009654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 684] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated calcium channels are required for many key functions in the body. In this review, the different subtypes of voltage-gated calcium channels are described and their physiologic roles and pharmacology are outlined. We describe the current uses of drugs interacting with the different calcium channel subtypes and subunits, as well as specific areas in which there is strong potential for future drug development. Current therapeutic agents include drugs targeting L-type Ca(V)1.2 calcium channels, particularly 1,4-dihydropyridines, which are widely used in the treatment of hypertension. T-type (Ca(V)3) channels are a target of ethosuximide, widely used in absence epilepsy. The auxiliary subunit α2δ-1 is the therapeutic target of the gabapentinoid drugs, which are of value in certain epilepsies and chronic neuropathic pain. The limited use of intrathecal ziconotide, a peptide blocker of N-type (Ca(V)2.2) calcium channels, as a treatment of intractable pain, gives an indication that these channels represent excellent drug targets for various pain conditions. We describe how selectivity for different subtypes of calcium channels (e.g., Ca(V)1.2 and Ca(V)1.3 L-type channels) may be achieved in the future by exploiting differences between channel isoforms in terms of sequence and biophysical properties, variation in splicing in different target tissues, and differences in the properties of the target tissues themselves in terms of membrane potential or firing frequency. Thus, use-dependent blockers of the different isoforms could selectively block calcium channels in particular pathologies, such as nociceptive neurons in pain states or in epileptic brain circuits. Of important future potential are selective Ca(V)1.3 blockers for neuropsychiatric diseases, neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease, and resistant hypertension. In addition, selective or nonselective T-type channel blockers are considered potential therapeutic targets in epilepsy, pain, obesity, sleep, and anxiety. Use-dependent N-type calcium channel blockers are likely to be of therapeutic use in chronic pain conditions. Thus, more selective calcium channel blockers hold promise for therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerald W Zamponi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (G.W.Z.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (J.S., A.K.); and Department of Neuroscience, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom (A.C.D.)
| | - Joerg Striessnig
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (G.W.Z.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (J.S., A.K.); and Department of Neuroscience, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom (A.C.D.)
| | - Alexandra Koschak
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (G.W.Z.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (J.S., A.K.); and Department of Neuroscience, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom (A.C.D.)
| | - Annette C Dolphin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (G.W.Z.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (J.S., A.K.); and Department of Neuroscience, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom (A.C.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Mendus D, Rankin-Gee EK, Mustapha M, Porter BE. Increased sensitivity to kindling in mice lacking TSP1. Neuroscience 2015; 305:302-8. [PMID: 26241338 PMCID: PMC6699182 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The development of a hyperexcitable neuronal network is thought to be a critical event in epilepsy. Thrombospondins (TSPs) regulate synaptogenesis by binding the neuronal α2δ subunit of the voltage-gated calcium channel. TSPs regulate synapse formation during development and in the mature brain following injury. It is unclear if TSPs are involved in hyperexcitability that contributes to the development of epilepsy. Here we explore the development of epilepsy using a pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) kindling model in mice lacking TSP1 and TSP2. Unexpectedly, we found increased sensitivity to PTZ kindling in mice lacking TSP1, while mice lacking TSP2 kindled similar to wild-type. We found that the increased seizure susceptibility in the TSP1 knockout (KO) mice was not due to a compensatory increase in TSP2 mRNA as TSP1/2 KO mice were sensitive to PTZ, similar to the TSP1 KO mice. Furthermore, there were similar levels of TGF-B signal activation during kindling in the TSP1 KO mice compared to wild-type. We observed decreased expression of voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit CACNA2D1 mRNA in TSP1, TSP2, and TSP1/2 KO mice. Decreased CACNA2D2 mRNA was only detected in mice that lacked TSP1 and α2δ-1/2 protein levels in the cortex were lower in the TSP 1/2 KO mice. CACNA2D2 knockout mice have spontaneous seizures and increased PTZ seizure susceptibility. Here we report similar findings, TSP1, and TSP1/2 KO mice have low levels of CACNA2D2 mRNA expression and α2δ-1/2 receptor level in the cortex, and are more susceptible to seizures. CACNA2D2 mutations in mice and humans can cause epilepsy. Our data suggest TSP1 in particular may control CACNA2D2 levels and could be a modifier of seizure susceptibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Mendus
- The Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; The Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - E K Rankin-Gee
- The Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - M Mustapha
- The Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - B E Porter
- The Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Pérez de Sevilla Müller L, Sargoy A, Fernández-Sánchez L, Rodriguez A, Liu J, Cuenca N, Brecha N. Expression and cellular localization of the voltage-gated calcium channel α2δ3 in the rodent retina. J Comp Neurol 2015; 523:1443-60. [PMID: 25631988 DOI: 10.1002/cne.23751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
High-voltage-activated calcium channels are hetero-oligomeric protein complexes that mediate multiple cellular processes, including the influx of extracellular Ca(2+), neurotransmitter release, gene transcription, and synaptic plasticity. These channels consist of a primary α(1) pore-forming subunit, which is associated with an extracellular α(2)δ subunit and an intracellular β auxiliary subunit, which alter the gating properties and trafficking of the calcium channel. The cellular localization of the α(2)δ(3) subunit in the mouse and rat retina is unknown. In this study using RT-PCR, a single band at ∼ 305 bp corresponding to the predicted size of the α(2)δ(3) subunit fragment was found in mouse and rat retina and brain homogenates. Western blotting of rodent retina and brain homogenates showed a single 123-kDa band. Immunohistochemistry with an affinity-purified antibody to the α(2)δ(3) subunit revealed immunoreactive cell bodies in the ganglion cell layer and inner nuclear layer and immunoreactive processes in the inner plexiform layer and the outer plexiform layer. α(2)δ(3) immunoreactivity was localized to multiple cell types, including ganglion, amacrine, and bipolar cells and photoreceptors, but not horizontal cells. The expression of the α(2)δ(3) calcium channel subunit to multiple cell types suggests that this subunit participates widely in Ca-channel-mediated signaling in the retina.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Pérez de Sevilla Müller
- Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095
| | - Allison Sargoy
- Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095.,Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095.,Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095
| | | | - Allen Rodriguez
- Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095
| | - Janelle Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095
| | - Nicolás Cuenca
- Physiology, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Alicante, 03690, Alicante, Spain
| | - Nicholas Brecha
- Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095.,Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095.,Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095.,CURE-Digestive Diseases Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095.,Veterans Administration Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, 90073
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Nieto-Rostro M, Sandhu G, Bauer CS, Jiruska P, Jefferys JGR, Dolphin AC. Altered expression of the voltage-gated calcium channel subunit α₂δ-1: a comparison between two experimental models of epilepsy and a sensory nerve ligation model of neuropathic pain. Neuroscience 2014; 283:124-37. [PMID: 24641886 PMCID: PMC4259901 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The auxiliary α2δ-1 subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels is up-regulated in dorsal root ganglion neurons following peripheral somatosensory nerve damage, in several animal models of neuropathic pain. The α2δ-1 protein has a mainly presynaptic localization, where it is associated with the calcium channels involved in neurotransmitter release. Relevant to the present study, α2δ-1 has been shown to be the therapeutic target of the gabapentinoid drugs in their alleviation of neuropathic pain. These drugs are also used in the treatment of certain epilepsies. In this study we therefore examined whether the level or distribution of α2δ-1 was altered in the hippocampus following experimental induction of epileptic seizures in rats, using both the kainic acid model of human temporal lobe epilepsy, in which status epilepticus is induced, and the tetanus toxin model in which status epilepticus is not involved. The main finding of this study is that we did not identify somatic overexpression of α2δ-1 in hippocampal neurons in either of the epilepsy models, unlike the upregulation of α2δ-1 that occurs following peripheral nerve damage to both somatosensory and motor neurons. However, we did observe local reorganization of α2δ-1 immunostaining in the hippocampus only in the kainic acid model, where it was associated with areas of neuronal cell loss, as indicated by absence of NeuN immunostaining, dendritic loss, as identified by areas where microtubule-associated protein-2 immunostaining was missing, and reactive gliosis, determined by regions of strong OX42 staining.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Nieto-Rostro
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - G Sandhu
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - C S Bauer
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - P Jiruska
- Neuronal Networks Group, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - J G R Jefferys
- Neuronal Networks Group, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - A C Dolphin
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|