Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the diaphragm: a case report

Congenital Ewing's Sarcoma, a Rare and Difficult Diagnosis: A Case Report

We have interestedly read the article written by Thalia Wong BS in July 2015, which is about Pediatric Blood Cancer, including clinical findings and results of infants <1 year of age with Ewing sarcoma. We report a case with congenital Ewing's sarcoma that easily interfered with rabdomyosarcoma in a pregnant woman. A 32-year-old multigravida with a big neck mass at 35 weeks was referred to our clinic. The final diagnosis of extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma was made. Hepatic metastasis was detected and treatment by chemotherapy was initiated. Ewing's sarcoma is usually noted among adolescents or young adults and more rarely than among newborns. This case is important because of its rarity.

Approach to diagnosis and treatment of pediatric primary tumors of the diaphragm

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE

Tumors of the diaphragm in the pediatric population are extremely rare. We present 5 cases diagnosed at the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, and together with a review of the world literature, provide an approach to the diagnosis and management of these tumors.

METHODS

A clinical retrospective review of patients diagnosed as having primary diaphragmatic tumor (PDT) at the Hospital for Sick Children as well as a review of the world literature.

RESULTS

Forty-one cases of PDT in the pediatric population have been described from 1868 to 2005 inclusive. There is an equal incidence in boys and girls, they are found with the same frequency on the left as on the right, and 78% are malignant. Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most commonly occurring malignant tumor. The mean age at diagnosis is 10 years. "Chest-associated" symptoms are more common than "abdomen-associated" symptoms. Imaging often fails to identify the site of origin as the diaphragm. Surgery is the cornerstone of therapy for PDT.

CONCLUSION

A multidisciplinary team approach is needed for successful treatment and management of PDT.